Increasing the Recovery Factor in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

15-16 October

Incremental Oil Recovery in Heavy

Oilfields through Active Flow Control
Devices
Pedro Zegarra Sanchez / Victor A. Huerta Quiones
Baker Hughes / PETROPERU S.A

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

OUTLINE

Introduction
Background
Field Performance in Heavy Oilfields
Inflow Control Devices (ICDs)
Field Cases
Conclusions
Future

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Introduction
Delaying water encroachment is a key issue to improve recovery in
heavy oilfields.
Technology advances in well completion address both water
management and productivity improvement objectives.

Inflow control devices (ICDs) with isolation systems are a

worldwide proved technology to reduce water production and
increase heavy oil recovery, either in green or mature fields.
The more accurate technology screening, the better field
performance.
GTW Peru 2015
Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Background: What is Heavy Oil?

API

Viscosity

API is a measure of the oil density!

Density
g/cm

Conventional Oil

API
50

Condensate

45

0,780
0,802

40

0,825

30

Light oil

Non-conventional
Oil

20

0,876
0,934

Heavy oil
10
0

Extra heavy oil (<10000 mPa.s)

Tar sand/Bitumen (>10000 mPa.s)

1,000
1,076

API: American Petroleum Institute

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

~11.3API

Background: What is Heavy Oil?

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Background: Recovery Factor by Drive Mechanism

and Type of Fluid
Subandean Basin

Type of Oil

Subandean Basin
Primary (% of oil in situ)

Density (gr/cc)

API

> 1.0

8 10

1-5

Heavy

1.0 0.92

10.0 22.3

1 - 10

5 - 10

Midium

0.92 0.87

22.3 31.1

5 30

5 - 15

0.87 0.83

31.1 - 39

10 - 40

10 - 25

< 0.83

> 39

10 - 45

15 - 30

Extra Heavy

GTW
LightPeru 2015
Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Superlight
Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Secondary (% of oil in situ)

Field Performance in Heavy Oilfields

Water Drive Mechanisms
Edgewater Drive

Bottomwater Drive

Conning

Well Production with Water Coning

CORR-1002D

10

CORR-1002D
Oil Rate (Cal.Day) ( bbl/d )
Water Rate (Cal. Day) ( bbl/d )
Oil Cut ( % )
Cumulative Oil Production ( Mbbl )
PRD.DAYS ( days )

10

Liquid Rate (Cal. Day) ( bbl/d )

10

10

10

10
1998

99

2000

01

02

03

04
Date

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

05

06

07

08

09

Field Performance in Heavy Oilfields

Why Horizontal Wells??
Horizontal wells allows delaying water encroachment while increasing oil production and
recovery

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Field Performance in Heavy Oilfields

Heavy Oilfields Optimization
Field Optimization is a process by which the right technology matches with the
reservoir description

Depositional
Environment

Phase Behavior

Petrophysics

Innovation &
Technology

Field
GTW Peru 2015
Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Optimization

Drive
Mechanism

Inflow Control Devices (ICDs)

ICDs and AICDs balance inflow which delays water/gas breakthrough

Slotted/pre-drilled liner
Standalone Screens

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

ICD

AICD

Inflow Control Devices (ICDs)

Obtain a uniform inflow profile along the well, restricting the flow in areas of high
mobility.
Simultaneously stimulate production areas of low to moderate productivity by
slowing water breakthrough.
Adjust dynamic pressure profile along the entire section of the well (by controlling
pressure drop).

ICD/ Multinode

Analytical Model
wc

GTW Peru 2015

Laboratory
IncreasingTests
the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Geometry

h
FLOW PATH
CROSS-SECTION

Pressure

Inflow Control Devices (ICD)

Screen or
Debris
Barrier

Passive Inflow Control Device (PICD): Fluid flow is regulated

by the additional pressure drop through the ICD

Nozzle/Orifice Type: Small flow area, high

velocity, viscosity insensitive
Tube Type: Small flow area, high velocity,
viscosity sensitive
Labyrinth Type: Small flow area, low
velocity, viscosity sensitive
Helical Type: Large flow area, low velocity,
viscosity sensitive
Hybrid Type: Very Large flow area, low
velocity, highly viscosity insensitive
GTW Peru 2015
Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Inflow Control Devices (ICD)

Flow Path

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Inflow Control Devices (ICD)

Horizontal Well Productive Performance
Horizontal Well Completion

Oil Bypassed

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Heel Conning

Fluid Equalizer Technology

Field Cases Subandean Basin

Reservoir Model

Open Hole Log and Layer Selection

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Field Cases Subandean Basin

History Matching and Forecast

Oil & Water Production

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Field Cases Subandean Basin

Scenario
Case 1: Screen vs Equalizers results under original completion

There is little benefit in production performance if equalizers are

not used with swelling packers that provides zones isolation.

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Field Cases Subandean Basin

Case 2: Isolating Heel and Comparing Screen 5 Vs Equalizer 3

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Field Cases Subandean Basin

G Field

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

G main features
Production since 1996
Mature heavy oil 16.6API,
60cP
High permeability sandstone
Very active aquifer support
Expected high water cuts >90%
Delicate
environment

Amazonic jungle
Produced water is treated then
re-injected

Field Cases Subandean Basin

Completion Design

Zone

Quantity of
AICD Joints

4 zonal isolation packers

creating 5 zones

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Field Cases Subandean Basin

100

1800

Neighbor SAS

Reduced
Water Cut

80

AICD Completion

Water
Cut %

1500

AICD Completion
Increased
Oil Flow

Oil
Flow 1200
BBD

60

Swellable
packers
activate

900

Neighbor SAS
Completion
40
600

40

80

120

40

20

80

120

Days on Production

Days on Production

BOPD

300

1800
1600
1400

AICD Completion

1200
1000

ICD

Stand Alone
Screen (SAS 2)

Petrleo (MBbl)
Agua
(Mbbl)
Corte de Agua (%)

156
862
84.68

135
1310
90.65

SAS Case 2

800
600
400
200

Caso

SAS Case 1
1
11
21
31
41
51
61
71
81
91
101
111
121
131
141
151
161
171
181
191
201
211
221
231
241
251
261
271
281
291
301

Base Case (Real)

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Case 1

Case 2

Incremento
Reduccin
21
-448
-6.48

Field Cases Subandean Basin

YA Field
main features
Formacin
Tope
Base
Presin del reservorio:
Temperatura:
Porosidad
Permeabilidad horizontal Kh
Anisotropa Kv/Kh
Gravedad API:
Factor de Volumen de
Formacin:
Viscosidad del petrleo:
Gravedad del Gas:
Gravedad del agua:
GOR:

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Vivian
10500 pies
10700 pies
4200 psia
244 F
15-22 %
200-1500 mD
0.15
19
1.05 bl/stb @ pb
7 cp
0.7 s.grav.
1.01 s.grav.
124scf/STB @ Pb=883 psi

Field Cases Subandean Basin

Completion Design

Segmento
1

Descripcin

Tamao
10

Tipo
packer

14 junta 6.4 FRR

560

Ecualizador

10

packer

240

Ecualizador

10

packer

280

Ecualizador

10

packer

160

Ecualizador

10

packer

80

Ecualizador

10

packer

440

Ecualizador

20

packer

3
4

6 junta 6.4 FRR

7 junta 6.4 FRR

7
8

4junta 6.4 FRR

Capa
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

Tope
Espesor Porosidad
10656.038
5.6
18
10661.638
5.2
18
10666.838
3.6
15
10670.438
5.2
21
10675.638
3.6
16
10679.238
5.9
19
10685.138
6.9
19
10692.038
4.6
12
10696.638
4.6
18
10701.238
3.9
15
10705.138
12.1
18
10717.238
4.3
10
10721.538
19.7
18

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Permeabilidad
1250
1250
500
1500
500
1200
1500
1200
1300
500
1200
200
1500

10

2 junta 6.4 FRR

11
12
13

11 junta 3.2 FRR

Field Cases Subandean Basin

Caso

ICD

Convencional

Petrleo (MMBbl)
Agua
(MMbbl)
Corte de Agua (%)

1.441
2.136
83.8

1.306
2.513
84.6

Incremento
Reduccin

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

0.135
-0.377
-0.8

The Future: MultiNode

Combat water and gas breakthrough

Maximum resolution for Zonal Control.
High zonal resolution of active flow control Integration with monitoring and control
systems
Real-time integrated monitoring and control
Proactive production optimization
Fully Electric Control Technology

SureFlo
Venturi

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Conclusions
Flow pattern is not homogeneous along the entire borehole of a horizontal well;
without selective completion, eventually, flow will be restrictive to the heel section.
ICDs delay water/gas breakthrough, increasing ultimate recovery factor and NPV.
Coupling reservoir and completion modeling is critical during technology screening and
design.
Successful applications of ICDs in Colombia and Ecuador proved 10% to 30% increase in
cumulative oil production, and 10% to 50% decrease in water production.
Preliminary numerical simulation studies for mature heavy oilfields in Peru shows 10%
increase in cumulative oil production and 15% decrease in water production during the
first two years.
New generation of ICDs + Real time monitoring show us the potential benefits towards
optimizing oil production, reducing water production and increasing oil recovery.

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

THANKS

QUESTIONS?

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor
in Mature Oil & Gas Fields