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theory but that he is interested in understanding intellectual processes that are not
explained by g. In response to the criticism that MI theory is incompatible with
genetic or environmental accounts of the nature of intelligence, Gardner states that his
theory is most concerned with the interaction between genetics and the environment in
understanding intelligence. Finally, the notion that MI theory has expanded the
definition of intelligence beyond utility produces a strong reaction from Gardner. He
argues passionately that the narrow definition of intelligence as equal to scholastic
performance is simply too constrictive. In his view, MI theory is about the intellectual
and cognitive aspects of the human mind. Gardner is careful to point out that MI
theory is not a theory of personality, morality, motivation, or any other psychological
construct (1995, 1999a, 1999b).