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nid
mid
fields
1391032218063 1374198547816 What teeth are known as the <i>Ramfjord teeth</i
> and why are they important?
#3,9,12,19,25,28.<div>Used to gather per
iodontal disease index (PDI) from large groups of ppl</div>
1391032591654 1374198547816 define epidemiology
the study of the <b>dist
ribution</b> of the Dz or physiological condition in human populations &amp
; factors that influence this <b>distribution.</b>
1391033730488 1374198547816 what are cross sectional studies and what is the
ir use? They are a survey of a sample in the population to assess health status
at a<i> point in time.</i> Also presence of assoc. factors (e.g. age,
gender, location, etc.).<div>Useful for <b><u>chronic Dz that affect large popu
lation.</u></b></div>
1391037406425 1374198547816 Which observational study would you use for a ch
ronic Dz that affects a large population?
cross-sectional study
1391037462582 1374198547816 Which observational study surveys the disease vs
. those w/o disease?
case-control studies.
1391037552754 1374198547816 which observational study is suitable for aggres
sive periodontitis?
case-control studies
1391037591303 1374198547816 which observational study gives you risk factors
, e.g. frequency of exposure ? case-control studies
1391037653533 1374198547816 Can case-control studies give you prevalence or
incidence?
NO!
1391037679439 1374198547816 Which observational study looks at a <b>group st
udy </b>over time?
cohort studies
1391037724827 1374198547816 which observational study would you choose to de
termine whether an exposure or characteristic is associated w/ the development o
f perio Dz?
cohort study
1391037782236 1374198547816 why are cohort studies difficult for perio Dz?
1) slowly progressing (several years of study)<div>2) large sample sizes are exp
ensive</div><div>3) difficult to assess risk factors. </div>
1391037901018 1374198547816 Give me 3 types of clinical trials
1) rando
mized parallel arm design<div>2) cross over design</div><div>3) split mouth desi
gn</div>
1391037975106 1374198547816 in which clinical trial do you randomly treat on
e half while the other is the control? randomized parallel arm design
1391038060250 1374198547816 which clinical trial do you treat one half of th
e sample (other half for control) and then after treatment switch the treatment
and control groups?
cross over design
1391038129530 1374198547816 which clinical trial compares treating one half
of the mouth in the same patient while leaving the other half of the mouth as th
e 'control?'
split mouth design
1391038186775 1374198547816 define prevalence (for perio Dz)?
the prop
ortion or percentage of persons in a population who have perio Dz at a given <i
style="font-weight: bold; ">POINT or PERIOD</i> of time.<div><br /></div><d
iv>Prevalence=(#ppl w/ the Dz)/(total #ppl in pop.)</div><div><br /></div>
1391038401766 1374198547816 define incidence (for perio Dz) the average perc
entage of unaffected persons who will develop perio Dz during a <i style="font-w
eight: bold; ">SPECIFIED PERIOD or TIME</i> or a measure of the occurene of
<i style="font-weight: bold; ">NEW DISEASE.</i><div><i style="font-weight: bold
; "><br /></i></div><div>Incidence=(# new cases)/(# of ppl at risk at the start
of the study)</div>
1391038569162 1374198547816 a person who has the disease but shows up negati
ve on a test is called a...
false negative
1391038685302 1374198547816 a person who doesn't have the disease but shows
up positive on a test is called a...
false positive
1391038718445 1374198547816 Tell me the equation for sensitivity
sensitiv
ity=(true positives)<div>
______________</div><div> (true positives + false negatives)</div>
<div><br /></div><div>I.e. everybody with the disease and tested positive over t
he total number of actually diseased individuals. </div>
1391038914590 1374198547816 give me the equation for specificity

specific
ity= (true negatives)<div>
______________</div><div> (false positi
ves + true negatives)</div><div><br /></div><div>I.e. the number of ppl who don'
t have the dz <u>and</u> test negative over the total number of ppl who <i>actua
lly don't</i> have the disease.</div>
1391039116861 1374198547816 gingival inflammation is measured in ordinal dat
a (arbitrary numerical scale where the exact numerical quantity of a particular
value has no significance beyond its ability to establish ranking over a set of
data points); which is best for ordinal data, the mean or median?
the medi
an-its a whole number.<div>The mean is meaningless.</div>
1391039435859 1374198547816 Teeth 3, 9, 12, 19, 25, 28 are called...
<i>Ramfjord teeth</i>
1391039511993 1374198547816 Ramfjord teeth are used to assess...
periodon
tal disease index. saves time and money.
1391039562864 1374198547816 how long does it take to clinically develop ging
ivitis? 10-21 days
1391039985645 1374198547816 how long does it take to go from gingivitis to n
o gingivitis, clinically?
7 days
1391040048955 1374198547816 what is the etiology of gingivitis and is it rev
ersible?
etiology=plaque<div>it is completely reversible.</div>
1391040092239 1374198547816 smokers have (more/less) plaque and (more/l
ess) bleeding on probing ?
more plaque<div>less bleeding</div>
1391040216405 1374198547816 diabetes has (more/less) plaque and (m
ore/less) bleeding on probing? less plaque, more BOP<div>opposite of a smoker</
div>
1391040278468 1374198547816 do sex hormones increase or decrease perio dz?
icrease
1391040335910 1374198547816 which teeth are most lost b/c of chronic perio?<
div>the least lost teeth b/c of chronic perio?</div>
Maxillary 2nd molars=mos
t lost<div>Mandibular K9s=least lost</div>
1391049055198 1374198547816 What is the etiology of periodontal disease?
plaque
1391049099757 1374198547816 does all gingivitis progress to periodontitis?
no
1391049118641 1374198547816 which bacteria is assoc. w/ aggressive periodont
itis?<div>which bacteria is assoc. w/ chronic perio?</div>
<i>Actinobacillu
s actinomycetemcomitans</i> (A.a.)=aggressive<div><i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i
>=chronic</div>
1391049279534 1374198547816 dental plaque is considered to be the primary et
iological agent in... caries and periodontal dz
1391049362756 1374198547816 give me steps in formation of dental plaque in o
rder (4)
Adherence phase<div>Lag phase</div><div>Rapid growth phase</div>
<div>Steady state</div>
1391049507425 1374198547816 what is the first phase in dental plaque formati
on?
adherence phase
1391049580887 1374198547816 what is the 2nd phase in dental plaque formation
?
Lag phase
1391049584116 1374198547816 what is the 3rd phase in dental plaque formation
?
Rapid growth phase
1391049610551 1374198547816 what is the 4th phase in dental plaque formation
?
Steady state
1391049622262 1374198547816 give me the phase:<div>-deposition of glycoprote
ins (acquired pellicle)</div><div>-negatively charged hydroxyapatite</div><div>starts minutes after polishing</div><div>-1-2 microns thick</div><div>-Gm +ve co
cci </div> adherence phase
1391049763402 1374198547816 Give me the phase:<div>-phenotypic changes in ba
cteria</div><div>-temporary lag during shift in genetic expression</div>
Lag phase
1391049800349 1374198547816 give me the phase:<div>-rapid growth of bacteria
</div><div>-matrix production</div><div>-growth of microcolonies w/ in matrix</d

iv><div>--coaggregation and coadhesion occurs</div><div>-increased cell density
w/ in plaque</div>
<u>Rapid growth phase</u><div>-coaggregation=adhere to o
ne another in suspension</div><div>-coadhesion=free-floating bact adhere to othe
rs already attached to surface</div>
1391049966749 1374198547816 Define coaggregation
bacteria adhere to one a
nother in suspension
1391049991999 1374198547816 define coadhesion
free-floating bacteria a
dhere to others already attached to a surface
1391050020418 1374198547816 give me the phase:<div>-nutrient transfer from t
he surface</div><div>-gradients of oxygen and nutrients</div><div>-deep=ghost or
dead cells, crystals in b/n</div><div>-middle=intact and closely pact cells</di
v><div>-surface="corncob" or "bristle brush" formations</div> steady state
1391050132592 1374198547816 are subgingival plaques higher pH or lower pH th
an supragingival plaques?
Higher-pH 6.9-8.6. this means calculus for
mation.
1391050247254 1374198547816 Why are A.a. and P.g. difficult to eradicate?
because they invade cells and avoid therapy all together.
1391050373604 1374198547816 Why is the biofilm on crevicular epithelium one
layer thick as opposed to the biofilm on the tooth surface?
epithelium has a
rapid turnover rate-the cells are shed constantly.
1391050480988 1374198547816 what happens with NUG? bacteria can penetrate t
hrough widened epithelium.
1391050574254 1374198547816 pathological dental plaque shift: what happens w
ith gram stain? gm +ve-->gm -ve
ith oxygen requirements?
aerobes-->anaerobes
ith morphology? cocci-->rods and spirochetes
ith motility? non-motile-->motile
1391050776599 1374198547816 what bacteria are in the red group? (3) <i>Porph
yromonas gingivalis</i><div><div><i>Tannerella forsythia</i></div><div><i>Trepon
ema denticola </i>(a spirochete; syphilis is caused by <i>Treponema pallidum, </
i>food for thought).</div></div>
1391051036612 1374198547816 why is calculus a concern?
-attracts plaque
<div>-hinders oral hygiene</div><div>-reservoir of bacterial toxins, enzymes</di
v><div>-foreign body reactions cause local inflammatory reaction.</div>
1391051290999 1374198547816 what is the source of Ca<sup>2+</sup> and PO<sub
>4</sub><sup>3-</sup> for calculus and is calculus formation bacteria depen
dent? Calcium and phosphate is from GCF and saliva.<div>calculus formation occ
urs in germ-free rats.</div>
1393895179306 1392942283976 <img src="paste-588410519804.jpg" /><div>Most co
mmon in middle aged and older men.</div><div>Usually found in lower lip. Swellin
g and eversion of lips develops slowly.</div><div>Minor salivary duct openings a
ppear red. </div><div>Risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma.</div><div
><br /></div> Chelitis Glandularis
1393895760033 1392942283976 <img src="paste-949187772686.jpg" /><div>-This d
isease can be caused by Sjogeren syndrome.</div><div>-Other possible causes: smo
king, local irradiation, chemotherapy, medications, "aging"</div><div>-Increases
flora to more cariogenic, risk of caries, and severity of periodontal disease</
div><div>-Treatment: artificial saliva substitutes, increase water intake, sialo
gogues</div>
Xerostomia
1393896501778 1392942283976 <img src="paste-1017907249407.jpg" /><div>Lympho
cytic infiltrate of the parotid gland with an associated epimyoepithelial island
. What is it?</div><div><br /></div>
Benign lymphoepithelial lesion
1393896863684 1392942283976 <img src="paste-1198295875840.jpg" /><div>Xerost
omia associated with this disease</div> Sjogren Syndrome
1393897190043 1392942283976 <img src="paste-1284195221969.jpg" /><div>-1/3 t
o 1/2 of all patients have diffuse, firm englargement of majory salivary gland w
ith this disease (most cases bilateral enlargement of the parotid)</div><div>- M

ostly found in women and middle aged</div><div>- Can be associated with Benign l
ymphoepitheilal lesion of parotid</div><div><br /></div>
Sjogren Syndrome
1393897780276 1392942283976 <img src="paste-1447403979006.jpg" /><div>Paroti
d sialogram demonstrating atrophy and punctate sialectasia (fruit-laden, branchle
ss tree). </div> Sjogren syndrome
1393897849951 1392942283976 <img src="paste-1481763717380.jpg" /><div>- Labi
al gland biopsy showing multiple lymphocytic foci</div><div>- increased number o
f foci indicates increased severity of salivary involvement</div>
Sjogren
Syndrome
1392841060890 1384318139939 Ameloblastic Fibroma usual symptom
none! as
ymptomatic
1392841236138 1384318139939 <div>Radiographic Features</div><div>a. Well-def
ined unilocular or multilocular lucency.</div><div>b. Border may be sclerotic.</
div><div>c. 75% are associated with an unerupted tooth.</div> Ameloblastic Fib
roma
1392841704578 1384318139939 major classification of odontogenic tumor that i
s associated with unerupted tooth, there may be delayed eruption. odontoma
1392841755436 1384318139939 most common odontogenic tumor that is more often
in the anterior jaws, especially in maxilla; often between roots of teeth.
Compound odontoma
1392841814237 1384318139939 most common odontogenic tumor that is more often
in the posterior jaws, especially in mandible; often associated with impacted t
ooth. complex odontoma
1392841895254 1384318139939 appears as collection of tooth-like structures o
f varying sizes surrounded by a thin radiolucent zone. Compound odontoma
1392841945351 1384318139939 appears as calcified mass with radiodensity of t
ooth structure but showing not tooth morphology. Also, surrounded by a radioluce
nt zone. pt complained of unerupted teeth.
Complex odontoma
1392841971744 1384318139939 you see a radiograph and it looks like a ball of
very very dense tissue, more radiopaque than bone, what is it complex odontoma
1392842025299 1384318139939 which type of odontoma is associated with unerup
ted tooth
both types
1392842446937 1384318139939 Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontoma has a history of fai
lure of tooth eruption<div>T/F</div>
T
1392842509713 1384318139939 Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontoma does not have a hist
ory of failure of tooth eruption<div>T/F</div> F - there is a history of tooth
eruption failure
1392842532359 1384318139939 <div>Radiographic Features</div><div>a. Appear a
s a well-circumscribed unilocular primarily lucent lesion. There are variable am
ounts of opacities having the density of tooth structure.</div><div>b. These are
often associated with an impacted tooth, commonly blocking the path of eruption
.</div> Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontoma
1392843929897 1384318139939 <div>Clinical and Radiographic Features</div><di
v>1) Occur most commonly on the facial gingiva of mandibular teeth.</div><div>2)
Appears as a solitary firm, slow-growing, usually sessile, gingival mass with n
ormal mucosal covering. They may displace teeth.</div><div>3) Size often ranges
from 1.5 to 3.5 cm diameter.</div><div>4) Occur over a wide age range.</div><div
>5) Radiographs may show a soft tissue density which does not affect the underly
ing bone.</div> peripheral odontogenic fibroma
1392844031100 1384318139939 <div>Signs and Symptoms</div><div>a) Small lesio
ns are usually asymptomatic.</div><div>b) Larger lesions may cause bony expansio
n and loosening of teeth.</div><div>c) Palatal mucosal groove is common in maxil
lary lesions.</div>
Central Odontogenic Fibroma
1392844357057 1384318139939 <div>Radiographic Features</div><div>1) Small le
sions are usually well-defined, unilocular lesions in the apical region of tooth
-bearing areas. Sclerotic border is common.</div><div>2) One third of lesions ar
e associated with an unerupted tooth.</div><div>3) Larger lesions tend to be mul
tilocular lucencies.</div><div>4) Root resorption and root divergence are common
.</div> Central Odontogenic Fibroma
1392844669155 1384318139939 <div>Signs and Symptoms</div><div>1) Small lesio

ns are usually asymptomatic and discovered on routine radiographic examination.<
/div><div>2) Larger lesions often cause painless jaw expansion. May grow rapidly
</div><div>honeycombed apearance, histologically</div> odontogenic myxoma
1392844707551 1384318139939 <div>Radiographic Features</div><div>a. Pure rad
iolucency usually multilocular but may be unilocular</div><div>b. Loculations ar
e often small, giving lesion a honeycomb appearance.</div><div>c. Residual host
bone separating the loculations often shows a delicate wispy appearance.</div><d
iv>d. Margins are often irregular or scalloped.</div> Odontogenic Myxoma
1392844809042 1384318139939 delicate wispy aperance of bone odontogenic myxo
ma
1392844839666 1384318139939 how do you diferentiate odontogenic myxoma from
our 3 P's?
the three P's are soft and odontogenic myxoma is bone ha
rd
1392847233162 1384318139939 <div>Signs and Symptoms</div><div>1) Teeth will
be vital.</div><div>2) Slow growing, but causes expansion of cortical plates.</d
iv><div>3) 66% of patient report pain or swelling.</div><div>4) radiograph shows
circular growth and disapearance of root</div> cementoblastoma
1392847278304 1384318139939 <div>Radiographic Features</div><div>a. mixed ra
diopaque-radiolucent lesion.</div><div>b. A radiopaque mass will obscure root ou
tline of the affected tooth.</div><div>c. Central opaque portion is surrounded b
y a thin radiolucent line.</div><div>d. Radiographic features are distinctive, l
eading to a reliable clinical diagnosis.</div> Cementoblastoma
1392847346264 1384318139939 cementoblastoma can be misdiagnosed as what
osteosarcoma
1392847659853 1384318139939 <div>b) In nearly a third of cases, metastatic d
isease does not develop until 10 years after initial treatment of the primary le
sion.</div><div>c) Lung is most common site of metastasis, and these lesions are
sometimes considered to be aspiration or implant lesions. Cervical lymph nodes are
second most common site of metastasis.</div><div>type of odontogenic neoplasm?</
div>
Malignant ameloblastoma
1392847777101 1384318139939 type of malignant odontogenic neoplasm that:<div
><div>a) Occur at an older age, typically in the 50s.</div><div>b) Cases demonst
rate a uniformly aggressive clinical course with local destruction.</div></div>
Ameloblastic carcinoma
1392847830373 1384318139939 <div>Radiographic Features</div><div>1) Malignan
t ameloblastoma appears like typical infiltrating ameloblastoma on radiographs.<
/div><div>2) Ameloblastic carcinomas appear more aggressive, with ill-defined ma
rgins and cortical destruction.</div><div>(i want 2 answers)</div>
Malignan
t Ameloblastoma <div>and </div><div>Ameloblastic Carcinoma</div>
1392847894445 1384318139939 <div>Clinical and Radiographic Features</div><di
v>1) Most patients are over 50 years of age.</div><div>2) More than 8% occur in
the mandible.</div><div>3) May have pain, bony swelling, or be asymptomatic.</di
v><div>4) Appear on radiographs as unilocular or multilocular lucencies. Margins
are often rather ill-defined or irregular.</div>
<div>Clear Cell Odontoge
nic Carcinoma</div><div><br /></div><div>AKA Clear Cell Ameloblastic Carcinoma</
div>
1392848095019 1384318139939 histologically, which part of the ameloblastic f
ibrosarcoma is the malignant part:<div><br /></div><div>the epithelium</div><div
>or </div><div>the mesenchyme</div>
mesenchyme
1392848852117 1384318139939 <div>Clinical Features</div><div>1) Age mean age
is 27.5 years.</div><div>2) Male:Female = 1.5:1</div><div>3) 80% occur in the m
andible.</div><div>4) Common symptoms are rapid growth, pain and swelling.</div>
<div>d. Radiographic Features radiolucency with poorly-defined destructive borde
rs</div>
Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma
1392851375304 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Treatment/Prognosistreatment most widely used?
<b>Marginal or en bloc resection </b>is most wid
ely used, with a <b>minimum of 1.5 cm border of normal tissue beyond radiographi
c margin of lesion</b>.
1392851469874 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Treatment/Prognosis-
what do you expect to do with the inferior border of mandible? can be saved in
many cases
1392851499219 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Treatment/Prognosistx of larger lesions? 3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>Larger lesions may require segmental resection or hemimandibulectomy.
1392851517333 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Treatment/PrognosisCan you treat it with curettage?
No-<div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>Curettage results in 50-90% recurrence rate, with
many late recurrences</div>
1392851542386 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Treatment/Prognosisrecurrence rate of Marginal/ en bloc treatment?<div>curettage?</div> <ol><li>
<b>Marginal/en bloc resection</b> may have up to <b>15% </b>recurrence rate.</li
><li><b>Curettage results in 50-90%</b> recurrence rate, with many late recurren
ces.</li></ol>
1392851600403 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Treatment/Prognosishow can they cause DEATH???? Rarely, a large tumor will impinge on vital stru
ctures causing death.
1392849911577 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor Tx: what is neces
sary ? a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Surgical
excision is necessary.
1392849954597 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor Tx: what is prefe
rred and why? b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>D
ue to <b>difficulty in enucleation</b> and curettage because of <b>thin capsule,
</b> <b>en bloc excision is preferred</b>, particularly for <b>large or multiloc
ular lesions. </b>
1392850015095 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor Tx: recurrence ra
te
c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Has <b>si
gnificant recurrence rate 25% to 60%</b> recurrence rates reported. Risk f
or recurrence depends greatly on type (adequacy) of initial therapy.
1392850041465 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor Tx: why do pts ne
ed followup? what kind? require long-term radiographic follow-up because of tend
ency for late recurrence.
1392680197249 1390161073008 what are the 4 classifications based on biologic
al behavior for Odontogenic Tumors?
<ol><li>innocuous "tumors" (Hammertoma)<
/li><li>benign tumors</li><li>benign aggressive tumors</li><li>malignant tumors<
/li></ol>
1392680273003 1390161073008 1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Once formed, these lesions are self-limiting and have no signific
ant potential for further growth, impingement on vital structures or invasion of
surrounding tissues. Innocuous "tumor" (hammartoma)
1392680382753 1390161073008 another name for Innocuous tumor?
Hammerto
ma
1392680403752 1390161073008 example of an innocuous tumor Odontomas
e:pre"> </span>These tumors grow slowly, by expansion, and do not metastasize.
benign tumors
1392680438642 1390161073008 what biological behavior classification do most
tumors fall under?
benign tumors
1392680471956 1390161073008 <div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>These tumors grow slowly, by expansion, and do not metastasi
ze.</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Mos
t odontogenic tumors fall into this category.</div><div><br /></div>
Benign t
umors
1392680485762 1390161073008 T/F. Most odontogenic tumors have the ability to
metastasize, so should be monitored carefully. F. Most are benign tumors (non a
ggressive) and don't have the ability to metastisize
e:pre"> </span>These benign tumors do not metastasize but may infiltrate surroun
ding tissues, or be locally destructive. They may cause disfigurement, sev
ere illness, or death due to impingement on vital structures. Benign Aggressiv
e tumors
1392680559789 1390161073008 which are true neoplasms and which are tumor lik
e lesions?<div><ol><li>Hammartoma</li><li>Benign Tumor</li><li>Benign Aggressive
Tumor</li><li>Malignant Tumor</li></ol></div> <ol><li>Hammartoma-<b>Not a neop
lasm</b></li><li>Benign Tumor-<b>neoplasm</b></li><li>Benign Aggressive Tumor-<b
>neoplasm</b></li><li>Malignant Tumor-<b>neoplasm</b></li></ol>
1392680740447 1390161073008 what is the growth rate of a<div>benign tumor?</
div><div>benign aggressive tumor?</div> <ol><li>benign- slow growth by expansion
, don't metastisize</li><li>benign aggressive- slow to moderately rapid, may inf
iltrate locally</li></ol>
1392680852013 1390161073008 how can a benign aggressive tumor cause disfigur
ement, severe illness or death They may cause disfigurement, severe illne
ss, or death due to <b>impingement on vital structures.</b><div><b><br /></b></d
iv><div>These benign tumors do not metastasize but may infiltrate surrounding ti
ssues, or be locally destructive. </div>
1392680907022 1390161073008 example of benign aggressive tumor?
Infiltra
ting (Conventional, multicystic, solid) Ameloblastoma
1392680989089 1390161073008 which tumor can invade and destroy surrounding t
issues?<div>benign aggressive tumor</div><div>malignant tumor</div>
Both<div
><br /></div><div>only malignant tumor is really capable of metastasis, but beni
gn aggressive tumors are "not expected to metastisize"</div>
1392681099116 1390161073008 what is the growth rate of malignant tumors?
usually rapid
e:pre"> </span>Tumor invades and destroys surrounding tissues. Tumor is ca
pable of metastasis.
Malignant tumors
1392681130076 1390161073008 example of malignant tumors?
Clear cell odont
ogenic carcinoma
1392681142915 1390161073008 What is an example of a Epithelial, Malignant Od
ontogenic tumor?
Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma
1392681186442 1390161073008 what is an example of an Epithelial, Benign Aggr
essive Odontogenic Tumor?
Infiltrating (Conventional, Solid, Multicystic)
Ameloblastoma
1392681249628 1390161073008 What type of neoplasm is an Odontoma? NOT a ne
oplasm!<div><br /></div><div>It is an Innocuous "tumor" (hammartoma)</div>
1393270676979 1384318139939 osteoporosis sex
female
1393270869588 1384318139939 exostosis and tori sex male
1393270890097 1384318139939 Cementoblastoma sex
male
1393270903681 1384318139939 Fibrous Dysplasia sex Boys = girls
1393270960857 1384318139939 hyperparathyroidism sex Female 2-4x
1393271042897 1384318139939 cherubism sex male 2x
1393271113024 1384318139939 pagets disease (osteitis deformans) sex men
1393271147423 1384318139939 Acromegaly/ Gigantism sex
male = female
1393271178558 1384318139939 Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma (Ossifying Fibroma) se
x
female
1393271222431 1384318139939 Cementifying fibroma sex
female
1393271237399 1384318139939 Monostotic Fibrous dysplasia sex
female =
male
1393271249766 1384318139939 Cemento-osseous Dysplasia<div>sex:</div><div>-FC
OD type</div><div>-PCOD type</div><div>-FOD type</div> -female<div>-female</div
><div>-female</div>
1393271307853 1384318139939 Cementoblastoma sex
white males
1393271360097 1384318139939 Chondrogenic Sarcoma sex
males
1393271426973 1384318139939 Ewings sarcoma sex
white males
1393271453525 1384318139939 Multiple Myeloma sex<div>-race</div>
female<d
iv>-black 2x more than whites</div>
1392826782746 1374768212495 Which tumor originates from the PDL and arises f
rom neoplastic transformation of the rests of Malassez? Squamous Odontogenic Tum
or
1392827176663 1374768212495 Histologic features include <b>small islands and
narrow cords</b> of odontogenic epithelium resembling the dental lamina or a <b

>developing tooth germ. </b>"Fat juicy fibroblasts" Which tumor is this?
Ameloblastic fibroma
1392828037618 1374768212495 What are the two types of odontoma?
1. Compo
und<div>2. Complex</div>
1392828596645 1374768212495 Which type of odontoma is composed of multiple s
mall teeth? Where is it located most frequently?
Compound; Anterior maxil
la between roots of teeth
1392828655248 1374768212495 Which odontoma looks like a conglomerate mass of
enamel and dentin with no tooth anatomy? Where is it located? Complex; posteri
or mandible associated with impacted teeth
1392828747743 1374768212495 Radiographically this lesion is unilocular with
<b>mixed lucency</b>, caused by both dentin and enamel mixed with "<b>immature,
juicy, fibrous pulp-like tissue"</b>
Ameloblastic Fibro-odontoma
1392830314800 1374768212495 Which odontogenic fibroma shows <b>stellate fibr
oblasts in a whorled pattern?</b>
Simple odontogenic fibroma
1392830470454 1374768212495 Which odontogenic fibroma shows <b>odontogenic e
pithelial nests?</b>
WHO odontogenic fibroma
1392830518400 1374768212495 What are the two types of odontogenic fibroma?
1. Simple odontogenic fibroma<div>2. WHO odontogenic fibroma</div>
1392830538702 1374768212495 Radiographic features include pure radiolucencie
s, <b>honeycomb appearance, </b>delicate <b>wispy </b>bony septae separating loc
ulations at <b>right angles</b> to each other, and <b>scalloped margins </b
>of which tumor?
Odontogenic myxoma
1392830899483 1374768212495 What is the preferred tx for an odontogenic myxo
ma?
En bloc excision;<div>1. Tumor may show focal infiltration</div><div>2.
Tumor is soft, gelatinous making margins difficult to obtain if curettage attemp
ted</div>
1392831353248 1374768212495 Teeth will be <b>vital</b>, causing <b>expansion
</b>of cortical plates and histologically shows masses of <b>cementum-like</b>&
nbsp;tissue showing <b>reversal lines</b> in which tumor? Cementoblastoma
1392831755200 1374768212495 What is the most common site for a cementoblasto
ma?
Mandibular first molar
1392831864660 1374768212495 Radiographic features include mixed radiopaque-r
adiolucency, a radiopaque mass that obscures the root outline of the affec
ted tooth, and the central opaque portion surrounded by a thin radiolucent line
in which tumor? Cementoblastoma
1392831945244 1374768212495 What is the term used when a tumor has cytologic
features of malignancy at the primary, recurrent or metastatic site? Amelobla
stic carcinoma
1392832091160 1374768212495 What is the term used when a tumor shows histolo
gic features of benign ameloblastoma at both the primary and metastatic sites?
1392832117290 1374768212495 Histologic features include nests of epithelial
cells with <b>clear or faintly eosinophilic cytoplasm </b>that are <b>glycogen <
/b>rich, and peripheral cells may show <b>palisading</b> in which tumor?
Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma
1392832517539 1374768212495 What is the term used for an ameloblastic fibros
arcoma where hard tooth structures are present in the tumor?
Ameloblastic fib
ro-odontosarcoma
1392833203969 1374768212495 What is the only component of a ameloblastic fib
rosarcoma that shows malignant features?
Mesenchyma
1392833243829 1374768212495 The <b>mesenchymal </b>component shows increased
cellularity of fibroblasts with pleomorphic <b>hyperchromatic</b> nuclei a
nd atypical or numerous <b>mitotic figures </b>in which tumor? Ameloblastic fib
rosarcoma
1392856226217 1374768212495 What is the characteristic called where nuclei a
re facing away from the basement membrane and is common in odontogenic tumors?
Reverse polarization
1392856710851 1374768212495 Tumors composed of cells with characteristics of
odontogenic epithlium and show <b>no</b> participation of odontogenic ectomesen

chyme fall into which histologic classification of odontogenic tumors? Epitheli
al Odontogenic tumors
1392856835266 1374768212495 What are the three histologic classifications of
odontogenic tumors?
1. Epithelial odontogenic tumors<div>2. Mixed odontogeni
c tumors</div><div>3. Mesenchymal odontogenic tumors</div>
1392856875152 1374768212495 Tumors with both odontogenic epithelium and odon
togenic ectomesenchyme as well as dental hard tissue fall into which histologic
classification of odontogenic tumors? Mixed odontogenic tumors
1392857046548 1374768212495 Tumors composed of cells with characteristics of
odontogenic ectomesenchyme fall into which histologic classification of odontog
enic tumors?
Mesenchymal odontal tumors; Odontogenic epithelium may be induce
d but does not play any essential role in pathogenesis
1392857173321 1374768212495 What are the four classifications of odontogenic
tumors based on biological behavior? 1. Onnocuous "tumors"<div>2. Benign tumo
rs</div><div>3. Benign aggressive tumors</div><div>4. Malignant tumors</div>
1392857244482 1374768212495 Tumors that are <b>self-limiting</b> and ha
ve no significant for further growth, impingement on vital structures or invasio
n of surrounding tissues fall into which classification of biological behavior?
Innocuous tumors
1392857393718 1374768212495 Tumors that grow slowly, by expansion, and do no
t metastisize fall into which classification based on biological behavior?
Benign tumors
1392857461930 1374768212495 Tumors that do not metastisize but may infiltrat
e surrounding tissues, or be locally destructive and cause disfugurement, severe
illness, or death due to impingement on vital structures fall under which biolo
gical category? Benign Aggressive Tumors
1392857864622 1374768212495 Tumors that invade and destroy surrounding tissu
es is capable of metastasis falls under which biological category?
Malignan
t tumors
1392857911578 1374768212495 Which tumor presents as a sac with thin, uniform
cuboidal to squamous epithelial lining with <b>deeply basophilic nuclei</b>, re
verse polarization, a corrugated luminal surface with surface <b>parakeratin, </
b>and may also contain small <b>satellite cysts?</b>
Keratocystic odontogenic
tumor
1392909034729 1374768212495 What is the most common clinically significant o
dontogenic tumor?
Ameloblastoma
1392909063661 1374768212495 What are the three types of ameloblastoma?
1. Common (Solid, multicystic, infiltrating)<div>2. Unicystic</div><div>3. Perip
heral</div>
1392909099910 1374768212495 Radiographic features <b>classically </b>describ
ed as a multilocular radiolucency, <b>root resorption</b> is common, and co
nsidered a pure radiolucency describe which tumor?
Common ameloblastoma
1392909491638 1374768212495 Nests of odontogenic epithelium have a <b>centra
l core resembling stellate reticulum</b> and a rim of columnar ameloblas an
d are separated by fibrous connective tissue stroma, and lesions are <b>not enca
psulated </b>in which type of ameloblastoma?
Conventional ameloblastoma
1392909880534 1374768212495 Which tumor appears as a well-circumscribed unil
ocular lucency, surrounds the crown of an <b>unerupted tooth, </b>appear as a <b
>cystic </b>cavity lined with epithelium resembling ameloblastoma?
Unicysti
c ameloblastoma
1392911005083 1374768212495 Infiltrating ameloblastoma histologically resemb
le which other type of ameloblastoma? Peripheral ameloblastoma
1392911425718 1374768212495 Which tumor has a <b>striking predilection for a
nterior maxilla, </b>and 75% associated with unerupted tooth? Adenomatoid odon
togenic tumor
1392911569640 1374768212495 Radiographically, what is the difference between
an adenomatoid odontogenic tumor and a dentigerous cyst?
AOT often extend
s along root <b>beyond</b> the CEJ
1392911632987 1374768212495 Which tumor contains <b>flecks (snowflakes) </b>
of calcifications and commonly appear as well-circumscribed lucency surrounding

the crown of an unerupted too? Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor
1392911884374 1374768212495 Which tumor shows columnar cells arranged in a <
b>duct-like </b>fashion, has <b>polyhedral cells</b> arranged in loose shee
ts, foci of <b>calcifications</b>, and is encapsulated? Adenomatoid odontogenic
tumor
1392912052858 1374768212495 What is the other name for a calcifying epitheli
al odontogenic tumor? Pindborg tumor
1392912078556 1374768212495 Which tumor may occur as a peripheral lesion, pr
esenting as non-specific, sessile gingival mass in anterior jaws, often associat
ed with an impacted tooth with opacities localized around the crown of the tooth
?
Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor
1392912482765 1374768212495 Which tumor histologically shows sheets or islan
ds of polyhedral epithelial cells resembling cells of <b>stratum intermedium </b
>of the enamel organ and may contain <b>amyloid</b> and <b>focal calcificat
ions?</b>
Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor
1393037410317 1380305652445 what are the inflammatory bone disease? osteiomy
elitis- acute and chronic<div>proliferative periostitis</div><div>osteoradionecr
osis</div><div>bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis</div><div>condensing oste
itis vs idiopathic osteosclerosis</div>
1393037664458 1380305652445 inflammatory process of infections that spreads
through the bone marrow and cortices
Osteomyelitis
1393037744692 1380305652445 characterized by acute inflammation with pus pro
duction is called
acute osteiomyelitis
1393037803742 1380305652445 what is the difference in radiographic features
between acute and chronic osteomyelitis?
Acute: none initially then lytic
changes after 1-2 weeks<div>chronic: "Moth-eaten radiolucency</div>
1393038034344 1380305652445 what are the common signs one will notice during
acute osteomyelitis? Fever, lymphadenopathy(pain, pyrexia and leukocytosis)
1393038205752 1380305652445 bacteria involved in acute osteomyelitis
streptococci and staphlococci
1393038282866 1380305652445 clinical features present in acute osteomyelitis
pain and swelling at infection site<div>rubor or cellulitis of overlying skin or
mucosa</div><div>fever and lymphadonopathy are common</div><div>PA infection an
d infection secondary to fracture or surgery</div>
1393038480791 1380305652445 represents transformaton of acute,irradiated bon
e osteoradionecrosis,FOD,Paget s Dz, osteopetrosis and sickle cell disease
chronic osteomyelitis
1393038805163 1380305652445 characteristics one will fine in chronic osteomy
elitis posterior mandible<div>ill-defined dull pain, swelling</div><div>represe
nts longterm low grade infection</div><div>PA infection, extraction, periodontal
disease, and fracture complication.</div>
1393038918934 1380305652445 chronic osteomyelitis with prominent periosteal
reaction is known as
proliferative osteitis
1393039372816 1380305652445 radiographic features between acute, chronic ost
eomyelitis and proliferative osteitis? acute: none initially then lytic bone ch
anges after 1-2wks<div>chronic: moth-eaten radiolucency</div><div>proliferative
osteitis: mottled radiolucency,</div>
1393040382623 1380305652445 characteristics found in proliferative osteitis
tibia and posteior mandible<div>youth under age 25</div><div>unilateral bony har
d swelling, asymptomatic or show tooth ache or periocoronitis</div>
1393040541773 1380305652445 cancer patients who get xerostemia, atrophic ton
gue or cheek are prone to get what inflammatory bone disease
osteoradionecros
is
1393040633191 1380305652445 as a result of osteoradionecrosis what happens t
o osteoblasts, vascularity in the individual
osteoblast: affected, re
duced cellularity<div>vascularity: greatly rudeced blood supply</div><div>bone m
arrow:</div>
1393041297496 1380305652445 tissue sensitivity and mucosal breakdown as well
as subsequent infection or trauma causes what inflammatory bone disease
osteoradionecrosis
1393041346681 1380305652445 bisphosphonates are used to treat(3)
osteopor
osis<div>cancer metastasize to bones</div><div>paget s disease of bone</div>
1393041396099 1380305652445 etiology of bisphosphonates-associated osteonecr
osis
Combine drug + Trauma + local factors
1393041466360 1380305652445 what are the disadvantages of bisphosphonates?
inhibits ostoclasts, thus inhibiting bone desorption<div>prevents normal remodel
ing and maintenance of bone</div>
1393041746581 1380305652445 why does stopping medication may not reduce the
risk of BONJ
Long half life of medication
1393041788942 1380305652445 greatest risk of acquiring BONJ is through
IV
1393041826387 1380305652445 risks of BONJ(7)
over age 65<div>comcomit
ant meds( corticosteroids and chemotheraphy)</div><div>Diabetes mellitus</div><d
iv>smoking and alcohol use</div><div>poor oral hygiene</div><div>potency and dur
ation of therapy</div><div>greatest risk with IV forms(nitrogen compounds)</div>
1393041954825 1380305652445 clinical findings of BONJ
after invasive d
ental procedures<div>occur over Tori</div><div>mandible> maxilla</div><div>pa
in</div><div>sequestration of dead bone</div><div>sinus tract formation</div><di
v>pathological fracture</div>
1393042254021 1380305652445 radiographic features of BONJ - periosteal hyp
erplasia<div>- localized increased radiopacity may precede necrosis</div><div>similar to chonic osteomyelitis</div><div><br /></div>
1393042553299 1380305652445 management of bisphosphonates-associated osteone
crosis elimination of pain.<div>systemic antibiotix with topical chlorohexidine
relieves pain</div>
1393042732255 1380305652445 major major difference between condensing osteit
is and idiopathic osteosclerosis is
tooth is ALWAYs vital idopathic osteoscl
erosis
1393042804975 1380305652445 characterized by local osteosclerosis at the ape
x of a tooth with pulpal inflammation or possibly necrosis
condensing ostei
tis
1393090833008 1380305652445 which is more common idiopathic osteosclerosis o
r condensing osteitis? idiopathic osteosclerosis
1393090892562 1380305652445 clinical features of condensing osteitis
- any age, any tooth<div>- usually no symptoms but may have mild symptoms</div><
div>- Hx of pulpal disease</div><div>- teeth are vital</div><div>- no body expan
sion</div>
1393090985476 1380305652445 clinical features of idiopathic osteosclerosis
Adolecents and young adults<div>Mandibular molar or bicuspids</div><div>Asymptom
atic </div><div>No body expansion</div><div>Teeth are ALWAYS vital</div>
1393091172807 1380305652445 what are the metabolic bone disease(3) osteopor
osis<div>osteosclerosis</div><div>hyperparathyroidism of bone</div>
1393091295424 1380305652445 systemic dz most common in post-menopausal femal
es
osteoporosis
1393091369396 1380305652445 T/F jaw changes are diagnostic of osteoporosis
F. Jaw changes are NOT diagnostic of the disease
1393091539870 1380305652445 generic term for increase calcified bone, readio
density of bone osteosclerosis
1393091580784 1380305652445 causes of osteosclerosis
lead poisoning<d
iv>metastatic tumors- prostate and breast</div><div>hypothyroidism</div>
1393091629410 1380305652445 another name for hyperparathyroidism of bone is
osteitis fibrosa cystica, von recklinhausen s disease of bone
1393091730460 1380305652445 characterized by resorption of bone and replacem
ent of fibrous tissue hyperparathryroidism of bone
1393091808824 1380305652445 etiology of hyperparathyroidism parathyroid aden
oma(most common) 80-90%<div>parathtroid hyperplasia 10-15%</div><div>parathyroid
carcinoma < 2%</div>
1393091902335 1380305652445 clinical features in hyperparathyroidism
any age, predominately over 60<div>males predominace over females</div><div>Ston
es bones and graons</div>

1393092118489 1380305652445 clincal features of bones in hyperparathyroidism
- resoption in phalanges, <div>- index and middle fingers. </div><div>
- ground glass radiographic pattern(classic)</div><div>- loss of lamina dura,&nb
sp;</div><div>- blurred trabeculae density, </div><div>- brown tumor of hyp
erparathyroidism</div>
1393092255062 1380305652445 clinical features of groans in hyperparathyroidi
sm(6) - duodenal ulcers<div>- acute pancreatitis</div><div>- dementia</div><di
v>- confusion</div><div>- mental changes </div><div>- lethargy</div>
1393092323358 1380305652445 clinical features of stones in hyperparathyroidi
sm
- renal stones<div>- soft tissue calcifications in BV walls, dura and jo
ints</div>
1393092377424 1380305652445 radiographic features in hyperparathyroidism
<div>Multilocular RL*** brown tumor of hyperparathyroidism</div>
1393092477376 1380305652445 histology feature of hyperparathyroidism
well vascularized central giant cell lesions.
1393092523306 1380305652445 inherited disease of bone(3)
- osteopetrosis<
div>- cherubism</div><div>- tori and exostoses</div>
1393092628201 1380305652445 localize bony protruberance from the cortical pl
ate
exostosis and tori
1393092653083 1380305652445 etiology of exostosis and tori a mixture of gen
etic and enviromental factors
1393092694371 1380305652445 most common oral locations of tori and exostotis
torus palatinus> torus mandibularis, buccal exostoses of maxillary/ mandibula
r alveolar ridge
1393092748105 1380305652445 also known as albers-schonberg disease or marble
bone osteopetrosis
1393092798722 1380305652445 bone diposition but no resoprtion(defective oste
oclast function) what disease? osteopetrosis
1393092836566 1380305652445 3 types of osteopetrosis are
- infantile<div>
- adult osteopetrosis</div><div>- rare type</div>
1393092871016 1380305652445 most severe form of osteopetrosis also known as
malignant osteopetrosis is
infantile OP
1393092908320 1380305652445 clinical features and S/S of infantile OP
normocytic anemia<div>hepatosplenomegaly</div><div>compensatory extramedullary h
ematopoiesis</div><div>granulocytopenia</div><div>facial deformity</div><div>too
th eruption delay</div><div>optic nerve atrophy/blindness, deafness</div><div>pa
thological fractures and osteomyelitis of the jaws</div>
1393093022758 1380305652445 also know as benign osteopetrosis adult OP
1393093050528 1380305652445 2 forms of adult OP
nerve compression=common
--> fractures= uncommon<div>nerve compression =uncommon--> fractures= comm
on</div>
1393093114035 1380305652445 clinical features of adult OP 40% of patients
are asymptomatic<div>marrow failure is rare</div><div>pathological fractures and
osteomyelitis of the jaws</div><div>blue sclera( collagen defect)</div>
1393093186784 1380305652445 gene that codes for a protein involved in signal
transduction to upregulate osteoblast and osteoclast in a jaw condition known a
s Chrubism
SH3BP2 gene
1393093419171 1380305652445 clinical features of cherubism children; mean a
ge=7;<div>always bilateral expansion on mandibular angle and ramus</div><div>man
dible>>maxilla</div><div>cherub like faces</div><div>displacement of teeth
/failure to erupt</div><div>pigmented skin lesions</div>
1393093582173 1380305652445 T/F cherubism regresses when child reaches puber
ty?
true
1393093616495 1380305652445 radiographic feature of cherubism
multiloc
ular>>>unilocular, always bilateral
1393094102245 1380305652445 abnormal resorption and deposition of bone at th
e same time indipendent of each other Paget s Disease( osteitis deformans)
1393094143197 1380305652445 clinical features of Paget s disease
- Men 2x
>> women<div>- age: > 45y.o</div><div>- increased skull circumference(h
at)/ non-fitting prosthesis</div><div>- deafness, and visual disturbances</div><

div>- Maxillary>> mandibular</div><div>- lion like facial deformity(leonti
asis ossea)</div><div>- midface + turbinates enlarge/nasal obstruction/deviated
septum</div><div>bowing deformity.</div>
1393094446705 1380305652445 T/F polyostic disease(multiple bone involvement)
>>> monostotic(single bone) disease True
1393094492727 1380305652445 radiographic findings of paget s disease
"Cotton wool" radiopacity<div>Generalized hypercementosis***</div><div>Coarse tr
abecular pattern</div>
1392873334386 1390161073008 Peripheral Ameloblastoma: % of ameloblastomas th
at are peripheral (extraosseous)
1%
1392873389065 1390161073008 Peripheral Ameloblastoma: age most commonly in
middle-aged adults, but in a wide age range
1392873430049 1390161073008 Peripheral Ameloblastoma: most occur where
?
Mandibular posteroir gingiva or alveolar mucosa
1392873487232 1390161073008 Peripheral Ameloblastoma: size of most lesions
less than 1.5cm diameter
1392224605296 1384318139939 a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Inflammation within the pulp
1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>Focal Reversible Pulpitis (AKA Pulp Hyperemia)
1392224741386 1384318139939 Gross caries can lead to reversible or irreversi
ble pulpitis
both!
e:pre"> </span>Large metallic fillings run the risk of leading to reversible or
irreversible pulpitis focal reversible pulpitis
1392224890474 1384318139939 A<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>Cracked tooth runs the risk of leading to reversible or irrev
ersible pulpitis
reversible
1392224924188 1384318139939 Sensitive to cold and possibly sweets reversib
le p
e:pre"> </span>Sensitivity and pain subsides within 5-10 secs. reversible p
e:pre"> </span>Responds to EPT with less current
reversible
e:pre"> </span>Usually needs stimuli to initiate pain reversible
1392224988992 1384318139939 No pain to percussion
reversible p
1392225015586 1384318139939 pain to percussion with cracked tooth reversib
le p
e:pre"> </span>Pulp is unable to recover
irreversible
e:pre"> </span>Large restoration runs the risk of leading to reversible or irrev
ersible pulpitis
irreversible
1392225080600 1384318139939 recurrent decay runs the risk of leading to
reversible or irreversible pulpitis
irreversible
1392224485820 1384318139939 <div>2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>Clinical Features</div><div><br /></div><div>a.<span class="
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Usually children and young adult
s</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Tissu
e in pulp is vital.</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:
pre"> </span>Usually painless, except when biting on area</div><div>d.<span clas
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Usually deciduous molars and
first permanent molar</div><div>e.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Associated with a large carious pulp exposure</div><div>f.<span c
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Tissue growing out of pulp
</div><div><br /></div> Chronic Hyperplastic Pulpitis (Pulp Polyp)
1392225643302 1384318139939 EPT ++<div>DZ?</div>
REVERSIBLE PULPITIS
1392225701329 1384318139939 THERMAL: COLD + REVERSIBLE PULPITIS
1392225724597 1384318139939 what type of percussion sensation is felt in rev
ersible pulpitis:<div>-normal</div><div>-opaque</div><div>-slight change</div><d

iv>-burning</div><div>-scalding diarrhea with hemorrhoids type of pain</div>
normal
1392226163483 1384318139939 HEAT +<div><br /></div><div>DZ?</div> ACUTE PU
LPITIS
1392226196125 1384318139939 HEAT +/-<div>EPT +</div><div><br /></div><div>DZ
?</div> CHRONIC PULPITIS
1392226221745 1384318139939 HEAT +/- <div>EPT -</div><div><br /></div><
div>DZ?</div> NECROTIC PULP
1392226239523 1384318139939 <div>TWO PTS. </div><div>BOTH HAVE</div><di
v>HEAT +/-</div><div><br /></div><div>BUT:</div><div><br /></div><div>a) one has
percussion that is slight to normal</div><div><br /></div><div>b) the other has
percussion that feels different</div><div><br /></div><div>diagnose these bitch
es</div>
a) necrotic pulp<div><br /></div><div>b) chronic pulpitis</div>
1392226398888 1384318139939 Pt with opaque change in transiluminate necrotic
pulp
1392226423586 1384318139939 percussion that "may be painfull"
acute pu
lpitis
1392226459900 1384318139939 percussion that feels different chronic pulpitis
-space:pre"> </span>Clinical Features and Symptoms</div><div><br /></div><div>a.
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Usually painful wit
h rapid onset</div><div><br /></div><div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="w
hite-space:pre"> </span>Painful to percussion</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Often pain somewhat less in intensity tha
n acute apical periodontitis (because more tissue destroyed)</div><div>3)<span c
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Not as localized (adjacent
teeth painful)</div><div><br /></div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
"white-space:pre"> </span>Patient usually has swelling</div><div><br /></div><di
v>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May get sinus t
ract formation</div><div><br /></div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="
white-space:pre"> </span>Can be potentially dangerous</div><div><br /></div>
E.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Dental Abscess
1392227532256 1384318139939 Dental Abscess radiographic features can vary wi
dely. What two extremes can you see
1) wide PDL<div>2) lrg alveolar radioluc
ency</div>
e:pre"> </span>Severe board-like swelling may compress airway. d.<span class="A
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Ludwig s angina
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Pain localized; frequently spont
aneous; can be excruciating; often throbbing</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Extremely painful to touch</div><div>c.<sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Tooth is in supra occl
usion</div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>N
o overt swelling</div><div><br /></div> F.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Acute Apical Periodontitis
1392228040213 1384318139939 2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Radiographic features no change or slight thickening of periodont
al membrane<div>suspect what dz</div> F.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Acute Apical Periodontitis
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Stand-off between local resistance
and noxious stimuli </div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>Common</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>Painless</div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>Slowly progressing</div><div>e.<span class="Apple-tab-span
" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May transform into a cyst</div><div><br /></di
v>
G.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Chronic A
pical Periodontitis (Dental Granuloma)
e:pre"> </span>Radiographic features radiolucency, usually up to 1 cm<div><br />
</div><div>suspect what problem</div> G.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Chronic Apical Periodontitis (Dental Granuloma)
1392228268063 1384318139939 <div>Clinical Features</div><div><br /></div><di
v>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Usually young (
children and young adults)</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>Usually mandibular first molar</div><div>c.<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Tooth usually has large caries.</div
><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>No clinical
symptoms</div><div><br /></div>
Condensing Osteitis (Chronic Focal Scler
osing Osteomyelitis)
1392228384837 1384318139939 <div>Radiographic features</div><div><br /></div
><div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Circumscrib
ed area of radiopaque sclerotic bone (no radiolucent border)</div><div>b.<span c
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Entire root outline is vis
ible</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Ma
y disappear after extraction of tooth </div><div><br /></div>
Condensi
ng Osteitis (Chronic Focal Sclerosing Osteomyelitis)
1392228416390 1384318139939 how many Condensing Osteitis (Chronic Focal Scle
rosing Osteomyelitis) cases regress partially or totally?
85%
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>7- > 50 % of periapical radio
lucencies</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp
an>Most cysts are slow growing and do not attain large size.</div><div>c.<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Dull pain or painles
s</div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Non-v
ital tooth, negative thermal and electric pulp tests</div><div>e.<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>PA radiolucency </div><
div>f.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May be associ
ated with mobility of adjacent teeth.</div><div><br /></div>
Periapical Cyst
(Radicular Cyst) and Lateral Radicular Cyst
1392228930672 1384318139939 doc! when i fall asleep i have a throbing feelin
g in my face<div><br /></div><div>DIAGNOSE THAT BITCH!!</div> Chronic pulpitis
1392229055379 1384318139939 <div>percussion is testing apical periodontal se
nsation or pulp sensation?</div>
<div>test apical periodontal region</div
><div>pulp DOES NOT respond to percusion</div>
1392229201188 1384318139939 what is transilumination good at detecting
detect pulpal death
1392229232762 1384318139939 what is the end result of having a pulp polyp
the pulp becomes necrotic and you have to remove it
1392405488798 1384318139939 you see a ball of tissue coming out of the #3 cr
own of a 23 year old male. the mass is insensitive to touch. Name this bitch.<di
v>-What is this bitch?<br /><div>-What EPT would you expect with this structure?
(++,+,- and so forth)</div><div>-what is apilous granulomatosum?</div></div>
pulp polyp<div>-it is a mass of growing living granulomatous tissue coming from
the pulp of a carious tooth<br /><div>- ++ (dead tooth)</div></div><div>-it is a
mass of granulation tissue coming out of extraction site</div>
1392405972498 1384318139939 <div>amber red crown is indicative of a dead or
a live tooth</div>
is a dead tooth
1392406043295 1384318139939 in clinical exam pt reports a "wierd" feeling to
oth. A vague feeling of pain but not super bad pain.<div>Diagnose that bitch!!!<
/div> chronic pulpitis
1392407907489 1384318139939 if a dental lession is said to have "rapid onset
" what type of lession should you automatically think of?<div>-cyst</div><div>-g
ranuloma</div><div>-tumor</div><div>-absess</div>
absess
1392408119817 1384318139939 one of the most common immediate changes of dent
al abscesses is that they display widening of the PDL<div>T/F</div>

F - no r
adiographic changes are seen immediately. no changes are seen for up to 10 days
1392408249082 1384318139939 what is the difference btwn cellulitis and abses
s
cellulitis can go to other tissues
1392408284750 1384318139939 absess that spreads to the gingiva is called...
a parulis=gum boil
1392408314692 1384318139939 why is there no radiographic change in acute api
cal periodontitis
not enough time to elicit osteoclasts to make change
1392408366511 1384318139939 type of periapical disease that happens to young
individuals with good immune systems which respond to irritation by very dense
bone formation concensing osteitis
1392408458180 1384318139939 why does condensing osteitis happen in young peo
ple
because young people have good healthy immune systems that can stimulate
more bone sclerosis causing the "high tissue resistance to bone sclerosis" that
we all know and love
1392408639024 1384318139939 is the pulp of a lateral radicular cyst vital or
nonvital<div><br /></div><div>is the pulp of a periodontal cyst vital or nonvit
al</div>
nonvital<div><br /></div><div>vital</div><div><br /></div><div><
img src="paste-92247307583491.jpg" /></div>
1392408705757 1384318139939 <div>Associated with foul-tasting discharge &amp
; periodontal pocket on the buccal aspect of the tooth. </div><div><br /></
div>
<div>Buccal furcation (paradental) cyst</div><div><br /></div>
1392408823154 1384318139939 <div>Bilateral involvement of the first molars i
n around 30% of patients.</div><div><br /></div>
<div>Buccal furcation (p
aradental) cyst</div><div><br /></div>
1392409030623 1384318139939 Cysts may grow anterio- posteiorly within the me
dullary cavity without expansion<div><br /></div><div>These type of cysts on the
other hand do grow with expansion</div>
Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor<d
iv><br /></div><div>large dentigerous cysts </div>
1392409280126 1384318139939 <div>in this type of cyst/tumor</div><div>Lumen
may be filled with milky thick keratin resembling pus </div><div><br /></di
v>
<div>Odontogenic Keratocyst</div><div><br /></div><div>Keratocystic Odont
ogenic Tumor</div><div><br /></div>
-space:pre"> </span>Histology</div><div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Granulation tissue</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-spa
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Chronic inflammatory infiltrate</div><div>c.<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Surface covered by s
tratified squamous epithelium</div><div><br /></div>
Chronic Hyperplastic Pul
pitis (Pulp Polyp)
1392224572201 1384318139939 Chronic Hyperplastic Pulpitis (Pulp Polyp) tx
<div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Extraction,
OR</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Endo
dontic treatment</div><div><br /></div>
-space:pre"> </span>Histology</div><div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Same as acute apical periodontitis, but much more extensi
ve</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Invo
lves adjacent bone and soft tissue</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e="white-space:pre"> </span>Pus formation and necrosis of tissue are characteris
tic.</div><div><br /></div>
E.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Dental Abscess
-space:pre"> </span>Histology</div><div><br /></div><div>a.<span class="Apple-ta
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Implies inflammation to periodontal liga
ment (no gross death of tissue)</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="
white-space:pre"> </span>Localized inflammatory infiltrate (acute and chronic ce
lls)</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Ce
ntral zone of necrotic tissue around apex of outer zone surrounded by granulatio
n tissue</div><div><br /></div> F.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Acute Apical Periodontitis

b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Proliferation of granulation tissue, for
med of fibroblasts and endothelial-lined vascular channels</div><div>b.<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Lymphocytes, plasma cells an
d phagocytes (foam cells and cholesterol clefts)</div><div><br /></div> G.<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Chronic Apical Periodonti
tis (Dental Granuloma)
1392228448140 1384318139939 Histology dense bony trabeculation<div><br /></d
iv><div>suspect what dz</div> Condensing Osteitis (Chronic Focal Sclerosing Os
teomyelitis)
1392228740625 1384318139939 <div>Most cysts are fast growing and do no
t attain large size.</div><div>T/F</div>
F - slow growing
1392228770400 1384318139939 <div>Most cysts are slow growing and attai
n quite large sizes.</div><div>T/F</div>
F - do not attain large sizes
1392228825465 1384318139939 <div>Most cysts are fast growing and attai
n quite large sizes.</div><div>T/F</div>
F - slow and small
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Inflamed hyperplasic stratified squamous
to cuboidal epithelium</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>Mucous cells</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Cholesterol<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span></div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"
> </span>Varied inflammation</div><div><br /></div>
Periapical Cyst (Radicul
ar Cyst) <div><br /></div><div>and </div><div><br /></div><div>Lateral
Radicular Cyst</div>
1392406180153 1384318139939 remnant epithelium found close to root surface,
that migrates downward<div><br /></div><div>remnant epithelium found close to ap
ex</div><div><br /></div><div>remnant epithelium found close to crown</div>
hertwigs root sheath<div><br /></div><div>malassez</div><div><br /></div><div>se
rres</div>
1392406988207 1384318139939 when refering to tooth development what is the d
ifference btwn INITIATION and DIFFERENTIATION <div>initiation = cells start th
e process of making tooth</div><div><br /></div><div>differentiation = cells pro
mote eachother</div>
1392407047006 1384318139939 <div>inner enamel epithelium promotes which cell
s... </div><div>-these cells stimulate which dental embryologic structure</
div><div>-which stimulates what other cells</div><div>-these other presecretory
cells stimulate which final cells</div> pre secretory ameloblasts<div>-dental pa
pila</div><div>-pre secretory odontoblasts</div><div>-ameloblasts</div>
1392408615203 1384318139939 2 cytokines involved in bone resorption IL1<div>
<br /></div><div>IL6</div>
1392409115537 1384318139939 <div>Odontogenic KeratocystNew WHO Keratocystic Od
ontogenic Tumors</div><div>arise from which embryologic dental layer</div>
<div>denial lamina epithelial rests</div><div><br /></div>
e:pre"> </span>Definition: Overgrowth of inflamed granulation tissue comin
g from the pulp (BOTH NAMES)
B.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Chronic Hyperplastic Pulpitis (Pulp Polyp)
1392224334669 1384318139939 Chronic Hyperplastic Pulpitis (Pulp Polyp) age
children and young adults
e:pre"> </span>Definition: Dental infection characterized by a necrotic pu
lp and an accumulation of acute inflammatory exudate beyond the apex of the toot
h; clinically characterized by pain and swelling.
E.<span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Dental Abscess
1392227643636 1384318139939 spreading infection with swelling involving faci
al planes
a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre"> </span>
Cellulitis
1392227668379 1384318139939 infection spreading through medullary spaces of
bone
b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre"> </span>Osteomye
litis
1392227686795 1384318139939 gum boil is known by what scientific word
c.<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre"> </span>Parulis -
e:pre"> </span>Cellulitis involving the three spaces of the neck submandibular,
submental and sublingual spaces such that there is
d.<span class="A
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Ludwig s angina
1392227757667 1384318139939 infection from maxillary anterior premolar and m
olar teeth with extension into maxillary sinus, orbit, and cranial vault; very s
erious. e.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Cavernous
sinus thrombosis
1392228200484 1384318139939 Bone sclerosis associated with apices of a tooth
which has pulpitis.
Condensing Osteitis (Chronic Focal Sclerosing Osteomyeli
tis)
e:pre"> </span>The residual area of condensing osteitis that remains after extra
ction of the associated tooth is termed bone scar.
1392408896229 1384318139939 <div>A cyst, form in place of a missing tooth</d
iv><div>is known as what type of cyst</div>
<div>Primordial Cyst </div>
<div><br /></div>
1392409010659 1384318139939 <div>cyst name used synonymously in the past wit
h odontogenic </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pr
e"> </span>keratocyst</div><div><br /></div>
<div>Primordial Cyst </div>
<div><br /></div>
1392409321540 1384318139939 Gorlin Syndrome definition
Multiple OKCs are
associated with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome
1392409357358 1384318139939 Are margins in OKC corticated or not? corticat
ed
1392409398015 1384318139939 Are OKCs unilocular or multilocular
both!
1392409417185 1384318139939 are OKCs interadicular or periapical
both
1392409435315 1384318139939 <div>25% to 40% of the time OKCs in a pericorona
l location can look similar to what other periapical lession</div><div><br /></d
iv>
dentigerous cyst
1392228353542 1384318139939 Condensing Osteitis (Chronic Focal Sclerosing Os
teomyelitis) age
children and young adults
1392229277338 1384318139939 what age group usually gets pulp polyps young ad
ults
ontogenic Tumor</div><div>age</div>
young to old <div><br /></div><div>
60% of cases in age range = 10-40<div><br /></div></div>
1392228239094 1384318139939 Why does Condensing Osteitis (Chronic Focal Scle
rosing Osteomyelitis) occur
because of high tissue resistance to low grade i
nfection.
1392228525649 1384318139939 <div>Periapical Cyst (Radicular Cyst) and Latera
l Radicular Cyst</div><div><br /></div><div>1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style
="white-space:pre"> </span>Etiology</div><div><br /></div>
Odontogenic rest
s
1392225099651 1384318139939 Increased sensitivity and pain to cold Acute Ir
reversible Pulpitis
e:pre"> </span>Lingers after stimuli are removed.
c.<span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Acute Irreversible Pulpitis
e:pre"> </span>May be sensitive to heat; clear indication of irreversible pulpit
is
c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Acute Irr
eversible Pulpitis
e:pre"> </span>Variable response to EPT c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh

ite-space:pre"> </span>Acute Irreversible Pulpitis
e:pre"> </span>Usually results from a long-term, low-grade injury.
d.<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Chronic Pulpitis
e:pre"> </span>Mild, intermittent, dull, aching pain that is relieved by NSAIDS.
d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Chronic Pulpitis
e:pre"> </span>Lying down may initiate pain.
d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>Chronic Pulpitis
e:pre"> </span>Reduced response to thermal stimuli
d.<span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Chronic Pulpitis
e:pre"> </span>Increased EPT response d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Chronic Pulpitis
1392225291272 1384318139939 tx for acute and chronic irreversible pulpitis
RCT or extraction
1392227622510 1384318139939 Dental Abscess tx
<div>a.<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Antibiotic therapy, OR</div><div>b.<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Establish drainage</
div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>After sw
elling is controlled, then treat the tooth by RCT or extraction.</div><div><br /
></div>
1392228090522 1384318139939 F.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Acute Apical Periodontitis tx
<div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-sp
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Establish drainage and possible antibiotic t
herapy, then</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> <
/span>Endodontic therapy, OR</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>Extraction</div><div><br /></div>
1392228181859 1384318139939 Chronic Apical Periodontitis tx <div>a.<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Endodontic therapy, OR</div>
<div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Extraction</
div><div><br /></div>
1392228475166 1384318139939 Condensing Osteitis (Chronic Focal Sclerosing Os
teomyelitis) tx many cases may need endodontic treatment, some need no treatment
.
e:pre"> </span>Diagnostic Tools in The Diagnosis of Pulpal Inflammation <div>a.<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>History and nature o
r pain</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
Thermal response</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span>EPT response</div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span>Response to tooth percussion</div><div>e.<span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Radiographic exam</div><div>f.<span class=
"Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Visual exam</div><div>g.<span c
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Palpation of surrounding a
rea</div><div><br /></div>
1392226472367 1384318139939 Repair is more often achieved in pulpal or
periapical pathosis
periapical pathosis
1392227776211 1384318139939 d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
submandi
e:pre"> </span>Ludwig s angina involves what 3 spaces of the neck
bular, <div><br /></div><div>submental </div><div><br /></div><div>sub
lingual spaces</div>
1392227805111 1384318139939 e.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Cavernous sinus thrombosis involves which teeth maxillary anteri
or premolar / molar
1392227893079 1384318139939 name the top 3 areas where there is Spread of Pe
riapical Infection (name the other ones if you have time, and if you do have tim
e ...screw you!)
<div><b>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Buccal plate - most common (bone thinner)</b></div><div><b>b.<spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Outside on face (outsid
e buccinators muscle)</b></div><div><b>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>Palate</b></div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
"white-space:pre"> </span>Lingual sulcus of mouth</div><div>e.<span class="Apple
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Neck (below mylohyoid muscle)</div><d
iv>f.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Periodontal li
gament</div><div>g.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
Pulp canal</div><div>h.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan>Maxillary sinus</div><div>i.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:
pre"> </span>Mandibular canal</div><div><br /></div>
1392229486895 1384318139939 pulp polyps are usually found arround which teet
h
1st permanent molars
ontogenic Tumor</div><div>location</div>
posterior body and ramus of mandible
1392227853034 1384318139939 <div>most common</div><div>Spread of Periapical
Infection </div><div><br /></div> a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Buccal plate
1392228317662 1384318139939 H.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Condensing Osteitis (Chronic Focal Sclerosing Osteomyelitis) usua
lly involves which tooth
1st mandibular molar
1392228557912 1384318139939 7- > 50 % of periapical radiolucencies consis
t of what 2 lession types
Periapical Cyst (Radicular Cyst) <div><br /
></div><div>and </div><div><br /></div><div>Lateral Radicular Cyst</div>
1392228688253 1384318139939 <div>Most cysts are slow growing and do no
t attain large size.</div><div>T/F</div>
T
1392408845433 1384318139939 <div>The most common type of developmental odont
ogenic cysts </div><div><br /></div>
<div>Dentigerous Cyst</div><div>
<br /></div>
1392226593260 1384318139939 periapical abscess in the blood stream can lead
to what two problems
1) bacteremia<div>2) cavernous sinous thrombosis</div>
1392226754221 1384318139939 periapical abscess that spreads to soft tissue w
ill lead to what two problems 1) abscess <div>2) Cellulitis</div>
1392226868870 1384318139939 periapical abscess spreading through the jaw wil
l lead to what two problems
1) osteomyelitis<div>2) periostitis</div>
1392226903098 1384318139939 acute periapical inflamation will lead to what i
mmediate problem
periapical abscess
1392226936476 1384318139939 periapical abscess can lead to what further peri
apical problem periapical granuloma
1392227325553 1384318139939 a periapical granuloma can lead to what two poss
ible problems 1) periapical (radicular) cyst<div>2) periapical abscess</div>
1392227412698 1384318139939 a chronic periapical inflammation can lead to wh
at immediate problem
periapical granuloma
1392840953939 1384318139939 This uncommon tumor is considered to be a true m
ixed tumor where both the epithelial and mesenchymal tissues are neoplastic.
Ameloblastic Fibroma
1392841583370 1384318139939 are considered to be developmental anomalies, ha
martomas, rather than true neoplasms. Biologically, they are classified as innoc
uous tumors. Odontomas
1392841603875 1384318139939 odontogenic tumor composed of multiple, sma
ll structures with recognizable tooth morphology.
Compound Odontoma
1392841641680 1384318139939 odontogenic tumor composed of conglomerate
masses of enamel and dentin, which bears no anatomic resemblance to a tooth.
Complex Odontoma
1392842139023 1384318139939 Some investigators believe that this lesion mere
ly represents an early stage of development of an odontoma. However, the lesion
sometimes shows progressive or destructive growth, warranting consideration as a
distinct entity
Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontoma
1392844488221 1384318139939 is a neoplasm believed to arise from odontogenic
ectomesenchyme. It bears a close resemblance to the mesenchymal portion of the

developing tooth.
Odontogenic myxoma
1392845263143 1384318139939 This true neoplasm, is fused to the roots of a t
ooth and is histologically indistinguishable from osteoblastoma.
Cementob
lastoma
1392847475337 1384318139939 is the term to use when the malignant odontogeni
c neoplasm has cytologic features of malignancy at the primary, recurrent or met
astatic site. Ameloblastic carcinoma
1392847561237 1384318139939 is the term to use when malignant odontogenic ne
oplasms show histologic features of benign ameloblastoma at both the primary and
metastatic sites.
1392847861906 1384318139939 This rare jaw tumor was first described in 1985.
Its cells have similarities with glycogen-rich presecretory ameloblasts.
<div>Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma </div><div><br /></div><div>AKA Clear
Cell Ameloblastic Carcinoma</div>
1392848742589 1384318139939 if an Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma contains hard to
oth structures, what term is used.
ameloblastic fibro-odontosarcoma
1393528767906 1390161073008 Definition:<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="w
hite-space:pre"> </span>Inflammation and necrosis of the bone that develops as a
late complication of irradiation of bone; vascular compromise and local infecti
on are key factors. Prior radiation for head and neck cancer involved jaws in di
rect radiation beam.
Osteoradionecrosis
1393528775977 1390161073008 Osteoradionecrosis: incidence uncommon
1393528795362 1390161073008 Osteoradionecrosis: age older adults ( who have
had jaws irradiated for cancer treatment)
1393528810328 1390161073008 Osteoradionecrosis: symptoms
<ol><li>Intracta
ble pain, </li><li>fistulation, and pathologic fracture are common; </
li><li>bone sequestra may slough through mucosa.</li></ol><img src="paste-419876
00286238.jpg" />
1393528879037 1390161073008 <img src="paste-41983305318942.jpg" /><div>what
is this likely</div><div><br /></div><div>Ulceration overlying left body of the
mandible with exposure and sequestration of superficial alveolar bone.</div>
Osteoradionecrosis
1393528906366 1390161073008 Osteoradionecrosis: sites
Mandible is affe
cted far more commonly than maxilla.
1393528946673 1390161073008 Osteoradionecrosis: radiographic
<ol><li>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Ill-defined area of
radiolucency containing foci of opacity (which represent the sequestra)</li><li
><img src="paste-42116449305108.jpg" /></li></ol>
1393528979800 1390161073008 Osteoradionecrosis: histology Bone necrosis, i
nflammation and possible exudate.
1393529021773 1390161073008 Osteoradionecrosis: treatment <ol><li>Refer to
specialist; </li><li>treatment usually combines surgical debridement, anti
biotic therapy, and hyperbaric oxygen treatments</li></ol>
1393529050053 1390161073008 <img src="paste-42202348651044.jpg" /><div><img
src="paste-42215233552938.jpg" /></div> Osteoradionecrosis
src="paste-42262478193194.jpg" /></div> Osteoradionecrosis.
hite-space:pre"> </span>Benign neoplasm of odontogenic origin; although name sou
nds like it is related to ameloblastoma, it lacks the aggressive behavior of inf
iltrating ameloblastomas.
Ameloblastic Fibroma
1393469560979 1390161073008 Ameloblastic Fibroma: incidence rare
1393469576085 1390161073008 Ameloblastic Fibroma: age
<div><ol><li>Mix
ed dentition age</li><li>children and teens (6-14)</li><li>Rare after 20</li></o
l></div>
1393469677285 1390161073008 <img src="paste-21457656611372.jpg" /><div>Histo
logically this has Fat, Juicy, Plump Stroma</div><div>What is it?</div> Amelobla
stic Fibroma
src="paste-21638045238328.jpg" /></div><div>what is it?</div><div>Describe it hi

stologically?</div>
<ol><li>Ameloblastic Fibroma</li><ol><li>Fat, Juicy, Plu
mp Stroma</li><li>small islands and narrow cords of odontogenic epithelium</li><
li>stroma resembles primitive dental papilla</li></ol></ol>
1393470048900 1390161073008 <ol><li>Encapsulated tumor featuring <b>connecti
ve stroma</b> of <b>loose stellate</b> and ovoid mesenchymal cells which resembl
es the primitive dental papilla. </li><li>Scattered throughout the stroma a
re compressed <b>islands </b>and strands of odontogenic epithelium, often only t
wo cells in thickness.</li></ol><img src="paste-21852793603136.jpg" /> Amelobla
stic Fibroma
1393470120066 1390161073008 Ameloblastic Fibroma: describe it radiographical
ly
<ol><li>periocoronal</li><li>Unilocular-well defined, RL</li><li>with un
erupted tooth</li><li>sclerotic border</li></ol>
1393470206779 1390161073008 Ameloblastic Fibroma: Treatment Conservative exc
ision by enucleation is usually curative
1393470220436 1390161073008 Ameloblastic Fibroma: recurrence
20%&nbsp
;
1392598819904 1390161073008 Radiographic: <span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>Well defined radiolucency below IAC,, mostly con
nected to lower boarder of mandible decribes what?
Lingual mandibular saliv
ary gland depression
1392600931026 1390161073008 radiographic presentation of Aneurysmal bon
e cyst <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Uni / <b>mul
tilocular</b> <b>expansile</b> <b>radiolucency</b> (honeycomb or soap bubble app
earance).<div><br /></div><div><img src="paste-35068407972220.jpg" /></div>
1392601045593 1390161073008 Histology of what? <span class="Apple-tab-sp
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Pseudocyst: Blood filled spaces with no epit
helial lining; blood filled cavernous spaces, <span class="Apple-tab-span" style
="white-space:pre"> </span> &nb
sp; fibrous tissue and giant cells, woven bony trabeculae are seen
at periphery of lesions.<div><img src="paste-35476429865259.jpg" /></div>
Aneurysmal bone cyst<div><img src="paste-35463544963479.jpg" /></div>
1393266279558 1384318139939 bacteria and lytic changes are immediately seen
in acute osteomyelitis infections<div>T/F</div> F! - no lytic changes are seen f
or one or two weeks
1393266675234 1384318139939 pt with a history of radiation and clinically pr
esenting with a leathery dry mucosa
osteoradionecrosis
1393266741506 1384318139939 difference btwn a condensing osteitis and ideopa
thic osteosclerosis
<div>condensing osteitis = teeth are nonvital</div><div>
<br /></div><div>ideopathic osteosclerosis = teeth always vital</div>
1393266839671 1384318139939 what is DXA used for? what dz? measures bone de
nsity = detect presence of osteoporosis
1392845038196 1384318139939 prefered treatment for small lessions of Odontog
enic Myxoma<div>-for larger lessions</div><div>-why is enucleation not a wise co
urse of action</div>
curettage<div>-en block excision</div><div>-since this t
umor does not have a capsule you risk droping some into the cavity and increasin
g recurrence of tumor</div>
1392847390032 1384318139939 Cementoblastoma treatment of choice is enucleati
on<div>T/F</div>
F- no! because its freaking rock hard and you cant break
it into pieces
1392847442199 1384318139939 Cementoblastoma treatment of choice is excision
of tooth<div>T/F</div> T- take out tooth with attached calcified mass
1392847981715 1384318139939 <div>Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma</div><div>
<br /></div><div>AKA Clear Cell Ameloblastic Carcinoma</div><div>prefered treatm
ent</div>
radical resection
1392848913134 1384318139939 Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma treatment of choice
surgical excision
1392841316253 1384318139939 Ameloblastic Fibroma tx <div>a. Conservative exc
ision (enucleation) is curative in most instances.</div><div>b. Up to 18% recur
following conservative excision. These lesions may require more aggressive surgi
cal excision.</div>
1392601125460 1390161073008 management of Aneurysmal bone cyst:
<div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Curettage; recu
rrence rate as high as 50%</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>Good prognosis</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>Have been documented to occur with other bone lesions cyst
s and tumors</div><div><br /></div>
1392596829071 1390161073008 treatment for simple bone cyst? Best treated by
<b>exploration</b> (trying to find out what it is) because it heals after you sc
rape it<div><br /></div><div>You have an empty cavity discovered at entry, and i
t will fill with bone after exploration</div>
1392601175731 1390161073008 treatment of aneurysmal bone cyst
curettag
e; recurs as high as 50%
1392596505129 1390161073008 A group of cystic-like lesions but histologicall
y are not true cystic cavities (not lined by epithelium)
Pseudocysts
1392596591563 1390161073008 how common are simple bone cysts
common
1392596606693 1390161073008 another name for simple bone cyst?
traumati
c bone cyst
1392596628672 1390161073008 age group you almost always see simple bone cyst
s in? 10 to 25 year olds
1392596652098 1390161073008 symptoms of simple bone cyst
<div><ol><li>Usu
ally asymptomatic</li><ol><li>Associated teeth will be <b>vital</b></li><li>Clin
ical exam reveals <b>NO bony expansion</b></li></ol></ol></div><div><br /></div>
1392596703749 1390161073008 where do you typically see simple bone cysts?
body of mandible or posterior mandible
1392596721422 1390161073008 radiographic features of simple bone cyst**
<div><br /></div><div><ol><li><b>Well-defined unilocular lucency, and with no pe
ripheral cortication **</b></li><li>Located <u>below teeth with scalloping betwe
en the roots</u></li><li><b>Has no border reaction **</b></li></ol></div>
1392598489322 1390161073008 how common is Lingual Mandibular Salivary G
land Depression (Stafne defect, static defect)<div><br /></div>
rare
1392598519080 1390161073008 who gets Lingual Mandibular Salivary Gland
Depression (Stafne defect, static defect)?**
Almost 100% occur in mal
es
1392598543703 1390161073008 symptoms of Lingual Mandibular Salivary Gla
nd Depression (Stafne defect, static defect)
asymptomatic, incidental
finding
1392598566810 1390161073008 what is Lingual Mandibular Salivary Gland D
epression (Stafne defect, static defect) <span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e="white-space:pre"> </span>Lingual mandible forms with a cupped-out depression
that houses the submandibular salivary gland (gland herniated to the defect
1392598664059 1390161073008 are Lingual Mandibular Salivary Gland Depre
ssion (Stafne defect, static defect) demarcated or not?
Always well dema
rcated!
1392598677181 1390161073008 Lingual Mandibular Salivary Gland Depression&nbs
p;(Stafne defect, static defect) are best diagnosed by? recognition only
1392599167636 1390161073008 Other names for Lingual Mandibular Salivary Glan
d Depression? Stafne Defect<div>Static Defect</div>
1392599360395 1390161073008 When you see the following:*****<div><ol><li>Tee
th are Vital</li><li>NO bony expansion</li><li>Scalloping between the roots of t
eeth (xray)</li><li>post mandible below level of IA canal</li></ol>What is it?&n
bsp;</div><div>How do you treat it?</div>
<ol><li>Lingual Mandibular Saliv
ary Gland Depression</li></ol>
1392600133772 1390161073008 symptoms of Osteoporotic bone marrow defect
o<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Asymptomat
ic and unilateral / no clinical signs
1392600160624 1390161073008 area you see Osteoporotic bone marrow defec
t Posterior mandibular area- previous extraction sites = 70%
1392600178647 1390161073008 who gets Osteoporotic bone marrow defect&nb
sp;
Middle aged Females = 75%.
1392600235929 1390161073008 Radiographic features of Osteoporotic bone

marrow defect (hematopoietic bone marrow defect)
o<span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Radiolucency- shape and size varies, ill-d
efined borders with fine trabeculation within
1392600346381 1390161073008 Compare Focal Osteoporotic Bone Marrow Defect vs
. Lingual Mandibular Salivary Gland Depression <ol><li><u>Compare Focal Osteopo
rotic Bone Marrow Defect</u></li><ol><li>ABOVE the IA Canal</li><li>Hx of extrac
tion in area</li><li>FEMALES (45 yr)</li><li>RBC in area</li></ol><li><u>Lingual
Mandibular Salivary Gland Depression</u></li><ol><li>BELOW the IA Canal</li><li
>MALES</li><li>Always well demarcated</li><li>empty cavity or has salivary tissu
e</li></ol></ol>
1392600722205 1390161073008 where do you most commonly see Aneurysmal b
one cyst
<ol><li>More commonly in <b>axial skeleton</b> (skull, spine and
pelvis)</li><li>Rare lesion in jaw bones </li></ol><div><div><br /></div><
/div>
1392600800812 1390161073008 age 80% of cases for Aneurysmal bone cyst
under 30
1392600825598 1390161073008 site you get Aneurysmal bone cyst <span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Mandible (molar region) >
> maxilla
1392600839841 1390161073008 what has significant facial swelling referred to
as "blow-out distention lesion"?
Aneurysmal bone cyst
1392600874434 1390161073008 <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:p
re"> </span>Lesions often show unpredictable behavior , some are small self limi
ting while others show <b>Rapid expansion</b> of the bone with <b>pain</b>- <b>c
ausing significant facial swelling referred to as blow-out distention lesion</b>
<b>Aneurysmal bone cyst</b>
1392600914882 1390161073008 what simulates a blood soaked sponge? Aneurysm
al bone cyst
1392596546814 1390161073008 etiology of simple bone cyst
unknown etiology
<div>may be related to previous trauma</div>
1392598411716 1390161073008 etilogy of Lingual Mandibular Salivary Glan
d Depression
<div><ol><li>developmental anomaly</li><li>Lingual mandi
ble forms with a cupped-out depression that houses the submandibular salivary gl
and (gland herniated to the defect</li></ol></div>
1392600096416 1390161073008 Etiology of Osteoporotic bone marrow defect (hem
atopoietic bone marrow defect) few theories but generally unknown
1392600597309 1390161073008 What are the different theories of the etiology
of Osteoporotic bone marrow defect (hematopoietic bone marrow defect) <div>o<s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Hematopoietic bone ma
rrow hyperplasia</div><div>o<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"
> </span>Aberrant bone regeneration > tooth extraction</div><div>o<span class
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Persistence of fetal marrow</d
iv><div><br /></div><div>Ultimately they don t know what causes it</div>
1392600654506 1390161073008 Etiology of Aneurysmal bone cyst
<div><spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Arise de-novo or may ar
ise in a pre-existing vascular lesion?</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" sty
le="white-space:pre"> </span>May be associated with benign and malignant bone le
sions</div><div><br /></div>
1392581619732 1390161073008 your pt has a Radiolucency (RL) between the root
s of their teeth. You do pulp testing and at least one of the teeth are non-vita
l. What are you likely looking at?
Lateral Radicular (PA) cyst<div><br /></
div><div>- originates form lateral canal of non-viatal tooth</div>
1392581763217 1390161073008 names these pictures of cysts (the are all radio
lucent)<div><br /></div><div><img src="paste-1924145348694.jpg" /></div>
<img src="paste-1937030250607.jpg" />
1392582721939 1390161073008 Radiographic features of what?<div><div> <span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span> Small or large, wellcircumscribed unilocular RL involving the facial bifurcation and root</div
><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span> Best vi
ewed on an occlusal radiograph</div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit

e-space:pre"> </span> Many cases are associated with proliferative periost
itis. **</div></div><div><br /></div> Buccal furcation (paradental) cyst
1392582788357 1390161073008 what is commonly associated with bucal furcation
(paradental) cysts?
Proliferative periostitis<div><br /></div><div><b>Prolif
erative periostitis</b> represents a periosteal reaction to the presence of infl
ammation. The affected periosteum forms several rows of reactive vital bone that
parallel each other and expand the surface of the altered bone. Affected patien
ts tend to be primarily children and young adults, with a mean age of 13 years.
No sex predominance is noted.</div><div><img src="paste-3758096384318.jpg" /></d
iv><div><img src="paste-3770981286163.jpg" /></div>
1392583104791 1390161073008 describe the radiographic features of a Buc
cal furcation (paradental) cyst <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:p
re"> </span> Small or large, <b>well-circumscribed unilocular</b> <b>
RL</b> involving the <b>buccal</b> <b>bifurcation</b> and <b>root</b>
1392583170762 1390161073008 what is the best way to view a pt who has B
uccal furcation (paradental) cyst radiographically?
occlusal radiograph
1392584771631 1390161073008 What is the classic radiographic presentation of
a dentigerous cyst?
unilocular radiolucent area that is associated with the
crown of an unerupted tooth.
1392584868037 1390161073008 <img src="paste-7258494730600.jpg" /><div>what i
s this a classic image of most likely?</div>
Dentigerous cyst
1392584896015 1390161073008 Are dentigerous cysts typically large or small?
typically small, but can get large<div><br /></div><div>classic type</div><div><
img src="paste-7348689043813.jpg" /></div><div><br /></div><div>large lateral va
riety</div><div><img src="paste-7361573945714.jpg" /></div>
1392584992808 1390161073008 <img src="paste-7490422964594.jpg" /><div>Is thi
s a dentigerous cyst or an enlarged follicle?</div><div>(remember that follicula
r cysts, lined by follicular epithelium is virtually the same thing as a dentige
rous cyst)</div>
<div>This image is a Dentigerous cyst but....</div><div>
<br /></div>Radiolucent lesion involving the crown of an unerupted mandibular pr
emolar. Distinction between a dentigerous cyst and an enlarged follicle for a le
sion of this size by radiographic and even histopathologic means is difficult, i
f not impossible.
1392585550157 1390161073008 Key Radiographic features of Dentigerous cyst
Unilocular (usually non-expansile) Pericoronal Radiolucency
1392585607712 1390161073008 If you saw this, what would you think it likely
is?<div><br /></div><div>Unilocular (usually non-expansile) Pericoronal Radioluc
ency</div>
Dentigerous cyst
1392586493863 1390161073008 Although the radiographic features of Kerat
ocystic odontogenic tumor (Odontogenic Keratocyst) vary, what is the most common
feature?
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Most
commonly presents with a <b>well defined radiolucent area with corticated margi
ns. </b>
1392586550821 1390161073008 what are the different types of radiographic fea
tures of Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (Odontogenic Keratocyst)? <div> <spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span> Variable</div><div><br
/></div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><b>Mos
t commonly </b>presents with a <b>well defined radiolucent area with corticated
margins.</b> </div><div><br /></div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
"white-space:pre"> </span> Less Common: Inter-Radicular, Periapical, Uniloc
ular or Multilocular radiolucency may be also seen.</div><div><br /></div>
1392586610258 1390161073008 Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (Odontogenic Kera
tocyst) can present in a pericoronal location similar to a dentigerous cyst, wha
t % do present this way?
25-40%
1392586664851 1390161073008 Multiple OKCs are associated with what?
<div>nev
oid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin Syndrome) </div>
1392587994770 1390161073008 <img src="paste-12232066859476.jpg" /><div>Is th
is a Odontogenic Keratocyst or a lateral periodontal cyst just by looking at thi
s image?</div> It can t be differentiated by only looking at the radiograph&nbs
p;
1392588181109 1390161073008 <img src="paste-12283606466857.jpg" /><div>This
patient gave no history of extraction of the third molar. A cyst is located in t
he third molar area. The cyst was excised, and histopathologic examination revea
led an odontogenic keratocyst.</div><div><br /></div><div>What is it called?</di
v>
Primordial cyst
1392588580505 1390161073008 radiographic: Translucent gingival swelling
over crown of unerupted deciduous or permanent tooth eruption cyst
1392588641293 1390161073008 how do Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst lo
ok radiographically?
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan><b>Vary in size </b>very large to small sized cysts can be seen.<div><span cl
ass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><b>Unilocular</b> >>&
gt;>multilocular (cannot be differentiated from a dentigerous cyst) </di
v>
1392591829616 1390161073008 radiographic features of Lateral Periodontal cys
t
Radiographic features: Well circumscribed unilocular radiolucency. (on a
VITAL tooth)<div><img src="paste-20517058773563.jpg" /><br /><div><br /></div><
/div>
1392592054611 1390161073008 This is a vital tooth. What is it?<div><img src=
"paste-20701742367292.jpg" /></div>
Lateral Periodontal cyst
1392592109728 1390161073008 If you saw this on an xray interproximally betwe
en VITAL teeth, what would it be<div><img src="paste-20912195764520.jpg" /></div
>
Botryoid Odontogenic Cyst (multilocular variant of Lateral periodontal c
yst)
1392593759057 1390161073008 what do Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst look like ra
diographically <div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan>unilocular or multilocular, Well-Defined </div><div>b.<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Radiolucent or may have a opaque (ca
lcification) content from Ghost cells calcification)</div><div>c.<span class="Ap
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>30% may occur in pericoronal locat
ion.</div><div><br /></div>
1392595771361 1390161073008 Radiographic Features that Suggest Possible Aggr
essive / Recurrent Behavior
<div> Expansion</div><div> Tooth Displacement&nbsp
;</div><div> Root Divergence</div><div> Root Resorption</div><div> Cortical Erosion
</div>
1392581284906 1390161073008 pt has slow growing small radiolucency around th
e apex of the tooth. The tooth really doesn t hurt (or sometimes has a dull pain
). Your pulp tests show that the pulp is not vital. You biopsy the cyst and it s
hows cholesterol. <div><br /></div><div>What should be your planned managem
ent for this pt?</div><div>What is the problem?</div> <div><span class="Apple-t
ab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>PA (radicular) cyst</div><div> &n
bsp;</div><div><ol><li>Goal, <b>eliminate infection & bacteria</b></li><li>E
xtraction of un-restorable teeth</li><li>RCT or restorable teeth</li><li>Curetta
ge of all periapical tissue</li><li>NSAIDS may be given for <u>symptomatic</u> c
ases</li><li>Antibiotics; <b>not</b> generally recommended unless swelling
or fever are noted </li></ol></div><div><br /></div>
1392584138194 1390161073008 If you are able to completely remove a dentigero
us cyst by extracting the thooth and enucleation, what is the likely hood of rec
urrence and prognosis?
pan>Prognosis excellent, no recurrence if the cyst is entirely removed
1392584222636 1390161073008 why do you want to make sure that you extract th
e tooth and do a enucleation of the cyst for a dentigerous cyst?
<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Cyst wall may undergo <b>Ame
loblastomaotus transformation</b>,<b> rare carcinomas can arise from the cyst or
even salivary gland tumors (Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma)</b> can develop from <b>m
ucus cells</b> in the lining. <div><br /></div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-s
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Prognosis is excellent, no recurrence if th
e cyst is entirely removed</div>
1392584343757 1390161073008 Dentigerous cysts have a chance to undergo what
transformation? Ameloblastomaotus Transformation. Rare carcinomas can arise from
the cyst or even salivary gland tumors (Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma) can develop f
rom the mucus cells in the lining
1392584535901 1390161073008 two problems associated with dentigerous cyst im
proper treatment?
cyst can undergo Ameloblastomatous transformation<div><b
r /></div><div>Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma</div>
1392587497595 1390161073008 Recurrence rate of Keratocystic odontogenic
tumor (Odontogenic Keratocyst)?
HIGH: 5-62%, Average is 30%
1392587533992 1390161073008 Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (Odontogenic Kera
tocyst) can rarely transforom into what carcinoma?
Squamous cell carcinoma
1392587579045 1390161073008 If a pt has multiple Keratocystic odontogen
ic tumor (Odontogenic Keratocyst), what carcinoma are they likely to get?
Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome ( Gorlin Syndrome)
1392589429221 1390161073008 Why is there a MUCH lower recurrence rate with&n
bsp;Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst vs. F.<span class="Apple-tab-span" st
yle="white-space:pre"> </span>Odontogenic Keratocyst? <ol><li><u>Orthokeratini
zed Odontogenic Cyst</u>: have <b>orthokeratin</b> which does not have the
rapid turnover rate</li><li><u>Odontogenic Keratocyst:</u> have <b>parakera
tin</b> which is rapid turnover rate </li></ol>
1392589573380 1390161073008 what is the recurrance rate of Odontogenic
Keratocyst vs. Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst <ol><li>Odontogenic Kera
tocyst: HIGH Average 30% </li><li>Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst: 2%</li
></ol>
1392590558269 1390161073008 prognosis and recurrence potential of ging
ival cyst of the adult? excellent prognosis<div>low recurrence potential</div>
<span cla
1392591054150 1390161073008 management of gingival cyst of newborn
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>none, majority rupture spont
aneously resolve
1392592589510 1390161073008 recurrence rate of Lateral Periodontal cyst?
<ol><li>Recurrence <b>uncommon</b> if completely removed; </li><li><b>Highe
r</b> recurrence rate in <b>botryoid odontogenic cyst (multilocular variant)</b>
</li></ol>
1392594331115 1390161073008 There is a solid variant of the Calcifying Cysti
c Odontogenic Tumor, what is the significance of this? higher recurrence rate
1392594415885 1390161073008 What is the Malignant variant of Calcifying
Cystic Odontogenic Tumor?
Odontogenic Ghost Cell Carcinoma- Very rare
1392594444855 1390161073008 what may be responsible for the death of a patie
nt with Calcifying Cystic Odontogenic Tumor that progressed to Odontogenic
Ghost Cell Carcinoma? Local recurrence and distant metastasis is common
1392594532524 1390161073008 what is the overall survival rate of Calcif
ying Cystic Odontogenic Tumor that progressed to Odontogenic Ghost Cell Carcinom
a?
73% overall survival rate
1392595597262 1390161073008 recurrene rate for Glandular odontogenic cyst? <
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>30% recurrence rate,
also potential for aggressive behavior<div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="w
hite-space:pre"> </span>Multilocular lesions: higher recurrence rate</div><div><s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span> Some advocate enbloc
k resection especially for multilocular lesions.</div>
1392595655397 1390161073008 what are the cysts that have a HIGH(er) recurren
ce Potential? <div> Odontogenic Keratocyst (All Types)</div><div> Sialo-Odontoge
nic Cyst (Glandular Odontogenic Cyst)</div><div> Gorlin Cyst (COC)</div><div> Botr
yoid Odontogenic Cyst (Multilocular Lateral Periodontal cyst)</div>
1392595969641 1390161073008 Generally, carcinoma arising within the jaw bone
s (odontogenic carcinoma) maybe derived from/ arise in: <div>1) Ameloblastoma</d
iv><div>2) Rarely, other odontogenic tumors</div><div>3) Arise denovo</div><div>
4) Epithelial lining of odontogenic cysts</div><div>5) Must exclude mets from el
sewhere to the jaws</div>
1392596016956 1390161073008 Generally, carcinoma arising within the jaw bone
s (odontogenic carcinoma) maybe derived from histologically mostly:
<div><ol
><li>Ameloblastoma /Ameloblastomaotus Transformation </li><li>Mucoepid
ermoid Carcinoma</li><li>Squamous Cell Carcinoma</li></ol></div>
1392596083070 1390161073008 people you see neoplasms/carcinomas arising in o

dontogenic cysts more? <div><ol><li>2X more in Men</li><li>50- 60 years, <
/li><li>approximately 50% 5yr Survival Rate</li><li>TX; Vary</li></ol></div>
1392599327601 1390161073008 management of Stafne Defect?
Curettage, recur
rence rate as high as 50%<div>Good prognosis</div>
1392584082099 1390161073008 Treatment of choice for a dentigerous cyst?
<
b><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Extraction of the
tooth and enucleation of the cyst</b>
1392587403120 1390161073008 Treatment for Keratocystic odontogenic tumo
r (Odontogenic Keratocyst)
<div> Thorough <b>Enucleation and Curettage</b></
div><div> May <b>Require Resection for Cure</b></div><div> Newer Attempts Include
Decompression and Marsupialization</div><div> High Recurrence Rate (5-62%) Averag
e = 30%</div><div> Rare association with or transition to squamous cell carcinoma
</div>
1392587443072 1390161073008 what may be required for Keratocystic odont
ogenic tumor (Odontogenic Keratocyst) for a cure?
Resection
1392587462553 1390161073008 main way you treat Keratocystic odontogenic
tumor (Odontogenic Keratocyst) <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:p
re"> </span>Thorough Enucleation and Curettage
1392587480015 1390161073008 newer attempts to treat Keratocystic odonto
genic tumor (Odontogenic Keratocyst)? Decompression and Marsupialization
1392589351842 1390161073008 Treatment for Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst
enucleation and curettage, recurrence is extremely low (2%)
1392590519727 1390161073008 Treatment for gingival cyst of the adult
Surgical excision, excellent prognosis / low recurrence potential
1392591015209 1390161073008 Treatment for gingival cyst of newborn
<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>none, majority rupture spont
aneously resolve
1392592530284 1390161073008 Treatment for Lateral Periodontal Cyst Concerva
tive enucleation
1392594278567 1390161073008 Treatment for Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst?
<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Enucleation, low cha
nce of recurrence
1392595480664 1390161073008 Treatment for Glandular odontogenic cyst
<ol><li>Must be aggressive, enucleation</li><li>enblock resection especially for
multilocular lesions</li></ol>
1392414151282 1390161073008 etiology of (radicular Periapical cyst cyst
)/lateral radicular
odontogenic rests
1392581965894 1390161073008 Etilogy:  arise from Crevicular epithe
lium + Buccal furcation (paradental) cyst
1392583338881 1390161073008 <div> Etiology:</div><div> <span class="Apple
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span> Occurs in a pericoronal position, ar
ise from odontogenic epithelium</div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>(follicular cyst, lined by follicular epithelium is virtua
lly the same) </div><div><br /></div>
Dentigerous cyst
1392583417787 1390161073008 what does a dentigerous cyst arise from?
odontogenic epithelium
1392583445676 1390161073008 A follicular cyst, lined by follicular epitheliu
m has virtually the same Etiology as what?
Dentigerous cyst<div>(odontogeni
c epithelium)</div>
1392585778318 1390161073008 What do Odontogenic Keratocyst (Keratocysti
c Odontogenic tumors) arise from?
Dental lamina epithelial rests
1392585947103 1390161073008 what factors cause the Keratocystic Odontogenic
Tumor to grow? <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Enla
rging cyst occur due to unknown factors <div><br /></div><div>(unlike radic
ular and dentigerous which enlarge due to osmotic pressure).</div>
1392586010354 1390161073008 difference between how KOT and radicular and den
tigerous cysts enlarge? radicular and dentigerous cysts enlarge due to <b>osmoti
c pressure</b><div><b><br /></b></div><div>KOT: it is unknown what makes them en
large</div>
1392590003549 1390161073008 Etiology of Gingival cyst of the Adult Rests of

Serres
1392590617867 1390161073008 Contrast the Etiology difference between Gingiva
l cysts of the Newborn Vs. of the adult Newborn: Remnants of Dental Lamina<div>A
dult: Rests of Serres</div>
1392591162044 1390161073008 Etiology of Lateral periodontal cyst
Derived
from the <b>rests of dental lamina </b>
1392591196007 1390161073008 where do you find lateral Periodontal cysts?**
Interproximal roots of <b>VITAL</b> teeth
1392592659658 1390161073008 Etiology of Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst <b>-<spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Reduced enamel epitheli
um</b> or <b>denial lamina</b>
1392592743752 1390161073008 The Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst (Calcifying Cyst
ic Odontogenic Tumor) (Gorlin Cyst) is debatable wether it is a cyst or tumor. W
hat does the WHO call it?
Calcifying Cystic Odontogenic Tumor
1392592838716 1390161073008 Calcifying Odontogenic cyst may occur alone or c
oexist with other odontogenic tumors like ______ (20%) , ____ and
____
Odontoma (20%)<div><br /></div><div>Ameloblastoma</div><div><br
/></div><div>AOT</div>
1392594632606 1390161073008 etiology of Glandular odontogenic cyst:
Derived from o<b>dontogenic epithelium with pleuripotential differentiation</b>
1392581131094 1390161073008 what cyst is associated with <b>cholesterol</b>&
nbsp;histiologically? PA (radicular)/lateral cyst
1392581222041 1390161073008 Histology of what?<div><div><ol><li><span class="
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Inflamed hyperplasic Stratified
Squamous to Cuboidal epithelium</li><li><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>Mucous Cells</li><li><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>Cholesterol<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:
pre"> </span></li><li><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </spa
n>Varied Inflammation. </li></ol></div></div>
Radicular (PA)/lateral c
yst
1392583201850 1390161073008 what would yo expect to see histologically in&nb
sp;proliferative periostitis associated witha buccal furcation (paradental) cyst
?
<img src="paste-4462471020836.jpg" /><div>Proliferative periostitis. Int
erconnecting trabeculae of new bone formation (top left) extending from the orig
inal cortical surface (delineated by arrows).</div>
1392583822320 1390161073008 <div>Histologically what?</div><div><br /></div>
<div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>A cystic cavity
lined by Inflamed and hyperplastic stratified squamous epithelium</div><div> <spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May have mucous cells a
nd other variations (may have cilia) within the epithelial lining.</div><div><br
/></div>
Dentigerous cyst
1392583889912 1390161073008 what might you see histologically in a dentigero
us cyst that is interesting?
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:p
re"> </span>May have mucous cells and other variations (may have cilia) within t
he epithelial lining.<div><img src="paste-5836860555633.jpg" /></div><div>scatte
red mucous cells can be seen in the epithelial lining</div>
1392583979761 1390161073008 <div>Histologically</div><div><br /></div><div> <s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>A cystic cavity lined
by Inflamed and hyperplastic stratified squamous epithelium</div><div><img src=
"paste-5918464934248.jpg" /></div><div><br /></div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-sp
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May have <b>mucous cells </b>and other varia
tions (may have <b>cilia</b>) within the epithelial lining.</div><div><img src="
paste-5931349836140.jpg" /></div>
Dentigerous cyst
1392584414970 1390161073008 What is a unique histological characteristic of
Dentigerous cysts that can become a carcinoma?<div>What is the carcinoma called?
</div> Mucus cells in the epithelial lining can turn into a salivary gland tumo
r<div><br /></div><div>Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma (Salivary gland tumor)</div>
1392586760077 1390161073008 What is the term called seen in Keratocysti
c odontogenic tumor (Odontogenic Keratocyst) that histologically presents as pic
ket fence?
<b>Palisaded</b> (columnar andhyperchromatic basal cells)
1392586933141 1390161073008 <div>Pathognamonic Histology for what?</div><div
> Thin Lining</div><div> Corrugated and Parakeratinized Surface</div><div> Columnar a
nd Hyperchromatic Basal Cells, palisaded pattern</div><div> Artifactual Separatio
n</div><div> Daughter Cysts in wall</div>
Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (Odontoge
nic Keratocyst)
1392586936738 1390161073008 describe the basal layer of Keratocystic od
ontogenic tumor (Odontogenic Keratocyst)
<span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e="white-space:pre"> </span>Thin Lining, uniform thickness, lacks rete ridges &n
bsp;and shows a very distinct basal layer
1392586991775 1390161073008 type of surface layer found on Keratocystic
odontogenic tumor (Odontogenic Keratocyst)
e="white-space:pre"> </span>Corrugated and <b>Parakeratinized</b> surface layer
1392587011997 1390161073008 what is the significance of the Parakeratinized
layer found on Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (Odontogenic Keratocyst)
it means that it is growing quickly
1392587033272 1390161073008 What are the 2 things that histologically contri
bute to the recurrence of Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (Odontogenic Kerat
ocyst)? <ol><li><b>Artifactual Separation</b> between epithelia and connective t
issue layer, this may significantly contribute to the recurrence. </li><li>
<b>Daughter Cysts</b> in wall may also contribute to recurrence!!!</li></ol>
1392587110365 1390161073008 <div>Histologic CHARACTERISTIC of what?</div><di
v> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Thin Lining, unifo
rm thickness, lacks rete ridges and shows a very distinct basal layer</div
><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Corrugated and P
arakeratinized surface layer</div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>Columnar and hyperchromatic Basal Cells, palisaded pattern</d
iv><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Artifactual
Separation between epithelia and connective tissue layer, this may significantly
contribute to the recurrence. Daughter Cysts in wall may also contribute to recur
rence!!!</div><div><br /></div> Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (Odontogenic Kera
tocyst)
1392587180087 1390161073008 describe the rete ridges of Keratocystic od
ontogenic tumor (Odontogenic Keratocyst)
e="white-space:pre"> </span>Thin Lining, uniform thickness, lacks rete ridges &n
bsp;and shows a very distinct basal layer
1392587304829 1390161073008 <img src="paste-10642928959781.jpg" /><div>The e
pithelial lining is 6 to 8 cells thick, with a <b>hyperchromatic</b> and <b>pali
saded</b> basal cell layer. </div><div>Note the <b>corrugated</b> <b>parake
ratotic</b> surface.</div>
Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (Odontogenic Kera
tocyst)
1392588479781 1390161073008 <div>Histology can describe 2 cysts, what are th
ey?</div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>A cyst
ic cavity lined by Inflamed and hyperplastic stratified squamous epithelium</div
><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May have mucou
s cells and other variations (may have cilia) within the epithelial lining.</div
><div><br /></div>
Dentigerous cyst<div><br /></div><div>Eruption cyst</div
>
1392588562154 1390161073008 eruption cyst has same histology as what?
dentigerous cyst
1392588955506 1390161073008 Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst have no clinic
al or radiographic features that differentiate them from other inflammatory or d
evelopmental odontogenic cysts.... so how do you know what they are?? HISTOLOG
ICALLY! (you are studying the histology deck...)<div><br /></div><div>They are O
RTHOKERATINIZED</div><div><img src="paste-13662290968867.jpg" /></div><div>Micro
scopic features showing a thin epithelial lining. The basal epithelial layer doe
s not demonstrate palisading. Keratohyaline granules are present, and a thick la
yer of orthokeratin is seen on the luminal surface.</div>
1392589207215 1390161073008 would it be more common to see a parakeratinized
surface layer cyst or an orthokeratinized surface layer on a male?
Orthoker
atinized <div><br /></div><div>(Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cysts are 2x m

ore common in males than OKC with parakeratinized)</div>
1392589290769 1390161073008 would it be more common to see a parakeratinized
surface layer cyst or an orthokeratinized surface layer on the mandible?
Orthokeratinized<div><br /></div><div>(Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cysts are 2x
more common in the mandible than OKC (parakeratinized)</div>
1392589773490 1390161073008 <img src="paste-15131169784105.jpg" /><div><br /
></div><div><br /></div><div><img src="paste-15144054685997.jpg" /></div><div>wh
at 2 cysts are these?</div>
1st picture: Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst<d
iv>2nd: KOC</div>
1392590442761 1390161073008 Histology of gingival cyst of the adult?
same as the Lateral Periodontal Cyst<div><br /></div>
1392593531176 1390161073008 Calcifying Odontogenic cyst (Gorlin Cysts) have
very characteristic Histological features. What are they?
<div><ol><li>A w
ell defined epithelial lined cystic cavity, lined by variable thickness ep
ithelium</li><li>Odontogenic epithelium with <b>stellate reticulum like features
</b> ( very similar to Ameloblastoma)</li><li><b>Ghost cells </b>(characteristic
)</li><li><b>Calcifications within the ghost cel</b>l, may cause large coalescen
t fragments ( <b>reflects the radiopacities seen radiographically</b>)</li><li><
b>Dysplastic dentin</b> material </li></ol></div><div><img src="paste-23725
399343468.jpg" /></div><div><img src="paste-23819888624093.jpg" /></div>
1392593653540 1390161073008 what do you see Ghost cells in characteristicall
y?
Gorlin Cyst (Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst)
1392593950760 1390161073008 Ghost Cells are the characteristic histopatholog
ic feature of Calcifying Odontogenic cysts. What are they?
These eosinophil
ic ghost cells are altered epithelial cells that are characterized by the loss o
f nuclei with preservation of the basic cell outline. Calcification within the g
host cell is common.<div><img src="paste-24618752541143.jpg" /></div>
1392594870048 1390161073008 The histology of Glandular odontogenic cyst
is pretty unique and you must distinguish it from Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma.&nbs
p;<div><ol><li>What is the other cyst that are associated with Mucoepidermoid Ca
rcinoma?</li><li>How to distinguish it?</li></ol></div> <div><br /></div><ol><li
>Dentigerous Cyst can have Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma from the mucus lining cells<
/li><ol><li><u>Dentigerous Cyst Radiographically</u>: Unilocular (usually non-ex
pansile, pericoronal RL)</li><li><u>Glandular odontogenic cyst:</u> well de
fined, unilocular or multilocular RL <b>with Sclerotic rim</b></li></ol></ol><im
g src="paste-26091926323574.jpg" />
1392595364978 1390161073008 what does the histology look like for Glandular
Odontogenic cyst?
<ol><li>Squamous epithelium lining, </li><li>respir
atory areas (ciliated), </li><li>thickened plaques, </li><li>mucous ce
lls,</li><li>glandular areas in the epithelial lining</li></ol><img src="paste-2
6255135080949.jpg" />
1392414259879 1390161073008 Clinical features for what?<div><div><span class=
"Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>7- > 50 % of periapical radi
olucencies</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span
>Most cysts are slow growing and do not attain large size</div><div><span c
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Dull pain or painless</div
><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Non-vital toot
h, negative thermal and electric pulp tests</div><div><span class="Apple-ta
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>PA radiolucency </div><div><span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May be associated with mobil
ity of adjacent teeth.</div></div><div><br /></div>
periapical (radicular) &
amp; lateral cysts
1392414317908 1390161073008 describe the growth and size of periapical (radi
cular) and lateral cysts
re"> </span>Most cysts are slow growing and do not attain large size
1392414347997 1390161073008 what % of periapical RL (radiolucencies) are<spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>either a Periapica
l ( Radicular cyst) or lateral radicular cyst <span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e="white-space:pre"> </span>7- > 50 % of periapical radiolucencies
1392414464610 1390161073008 type of pain in Periapical ( Radicular cyst

) and lateral radicular cyst
dull pain or painless
1392414500482 1390161073008 Is a Periapical ( Radicular cyst)/lateral r
adicular cyst vital or not? <div>type of tests?</div>
<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Non-vital tooth, negative thermal an
d electric pulp tests
1392581025124 1390161073008 Clinical featrues of what?<div><ol><li>small slo
w growing cyst</li><li>dull pain or painless</li><li>non-vital tooth</li><li>rad
iolucency around periapical regoin</li></ol></div>
Radicular (periapical)/l
ateral cyst
1392581501471 1390161073008 what is the BIG difference between a lateral <u>
Radicular</u> cyst (PA) and a lateral <u>periodontal</u> cyst? lateral radicula
r cyst is <b>non-vital</b><div><br /></div><div>lateral periodontal cyst is a <b
>Vital</b> tooth</div><div><br /></div><div><img src="paste-1666447310953.jpg" /
></div>
1392581998346 1390161073008 Clinical features:<div><div> <span class="Apple-ta
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><b>Children</b> from 5 to 13 years of ag
e. </div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>M
ild -to-moderate tenderness/swelling <b>buccal</b> aspect of the tooth. </d
iv><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Associated w
ith <b>foul-tasting discharge</b> & periodontal pocket on the buccal aspect
of the tooth. </div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span><b>Bilateral involvement of the first molars in around 30% of patients
.</b></div></div><div><br /></div>
Buccal furcation (paradental) cyst
1392582060268 1390161073008
re"> </span>what uniquely has Bilateral involvement of the first molars in
around 30% of patients. Buccal furcaiton (paradental) cyst
1392582094961 1390161073008 what age group do you see a buccal furcation (pa
radental) cyst <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Chil
dren from 5 to 13 years of age.
1392582122176 1390161073008 <div><img src="paste-3487513444671.jpg" /></div>
A 10 year old is hurting from some swelling around both of their mandibular 1st
molars. The pain is only coming from one side. The pt complains that they have a
really bad taste in their mouth. After completing your perio probing you notice
there is a pocket on the facial aspect of their tooth.<div><br /></div><div>Upo
n taking a radiograph you notice this:</div><div><img src="paste-3375844294845.j
pg" /></div><div><img src="paste-3474628542786.jpg" /></div><div><br /><div>What
are you likely looking at?</div></div> Pt has a Buccal furcation (paradental) C
yst.<div><br /></div><div>The patient also has Proliferative Periostitis which i
s assciated with this and is demonstrated by the radiopaque laminations of bone
that roughly parallel each other with a underlying cortical surface.</div>
1392582977575 1390161073008 age you see Buccal furcation (paradental) c
yst
children 5-13
1392583023754 1390161073008 major clinical features you see with Buccal
furcation (paradental) cyst
<ol><li>tenderness on buccal aspect of tooth (bi
lateral of 1st molars in 30% of pts</li><li>foul-tasting discharge</li><li>perio
dontal pocket on buccal aspect of tooth</li><li>children</li></ol><div><br /></d
iv>
1392583508788 1390161073008 where do dentigerous cysts happen?
pericoro
nal
1392583562852 1390161073008 what is the <b>most common type</b> of <b>d
evelopmental odontogenic cysts </b>
Dentigerous cysts
1392583657808 1390161073008 dentigerous cysts are Characteristically located
where? Pericoronal location (they are the most common type of developmental odo
ntogenic cysts)
1392583696078 1390161073008 how common are dentigerous cysts?
<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Represents 20% of all jaw cy
sts<div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>The most com
mon type of developmental odontogenic cysts </div>
1392583723721 1390161073008 defined as a cyst that originates by the separat
ion of the follicle from around the crown of an unerupted tooth.

Dentiger
ous cyst
1392584591632 1390161073008 This is a classic characteristic of what cyst?<d
iv><img src="paste-6992206758253.jpg" /></div> Dentigerous cyst<div>(notice the
cyst to crown relationship)</div><div><br /></div><div>If this was a K9, it may
be an AOT.</div>
1392584699824 1390161073008 Odontogenic cysts can be classified as a Develop
mental or Inflammatory cyst. What is the most common Developmental cyst?
Dentigerous cyst
1392585092371 1390161073008 <div>A cyst that form in place of a missing toot
h, used synonymously in the past with Odontogenic KeratoCyst, reality, most
cases represent OKC but not all are</div><div><br /></div>
Primordial Cyst
1392585404180 1390161073008 A tooth that never forms, but a cyst forms inste
ad of a tooth is what? Primordial cyst
1392585455605 1390161073008 what are Primordial cysts in most cases?
most cases they are really OKC, but not all of them.
1392585487764 1390161073008 What are the 3 types of Odontogenic Inflammatory
cysts? <ol><li>Periapical cyst</li><li>Lateral radicular cyst</li><li>Paradenta
l cyst</li></ol>
1392585633020 1390161073008 According to the new WHO criteria what is more c
orrect? Odontogenic Keratocyst or Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor?
Keratocy
stic Odontogenic Tumor<div><br /></div><div>They consider it a tumor because it
is so aggressive</div>
1392585739702 1390161073008 An Aggressive Cyst with a Diagnostic Histology ,
distinctive form (specific diagnostic features)?
Odontogenic Keratocyst
1392586083752 1390161073008 what is an important feature to distinguish a Ke
ratocystic Odontogenic Tumor (OKC) from a large dentigerous cyst?**
<u>KOT:
</u>Cysts may grow<b> Anterio-Posteriorly</b> within the medullary cavity <b>wit
hout expansion,</b> an important feature to distinguish from large dentigerous c
ysts.<div><br /></div><div><u>Dentigerous cysts:</u> which are <b>associat
ed with expansion </b>when growing to such large sizes.</div>
1392586317385 1390161073008 age you see Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (Odon
togenic Keratocyst)
pan>Wide age range; infant to elderly; 60% of cases in age range = 10-40
1392586424603 1390161073008 Site you see Keratocystic odontogenic tumor
(Odontogenic Keratocyst)
re"> </span><b>Mandible++</b>, especially <b>posterior body and ramus = 60
-80%</b><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><img src="paste-9461812953393.jpg" /></b
></div>
1392586464929 1390161073008 what may have the lumen filled with milky thick
keratin that resembles pus?
Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (Odontogenic Kera
tocyst)<div><br /><div>KOT/OKC</div></div>
1392588244110 1390161073008 age of eruption cyst
mostly children under 10
1392588366705 1390161073008 cyst associated with erupting tooth
eruption
cyst
1392588383323 1390161073008 other way you can describe an eruption cyst
eruption hematoma
1392588438575 1390161073008 <ol><li>soft tissue swelling over crown</li><li>
children < 10</li><li>hostology same as dentigerous cyst</li></ol><div><br />
</div> Eruption cyst
is this?</div> eruption cyst
1392588834368 1390161073008 When you compair Orthokeratinized Odontogen
ic Cyst to Odontogenic Keratocyst which is more common in males and the mandible
?
Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst<div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>2X more common in males compared to OKC</div><div
><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2X more common in m
andible compared to OKC</div></div><div><br /></div>
1392588935004 1390161073008 where do you see Orthokeratinized Odontogen
ic Cyst more? mandible
1392588946191 1390161073008 gender you see Orthokeratinized Odontogenic

Cyst more?
males
1392589846349 1390161073008 is it more common to see Gingival cysts on Newbo
rns or Adults? Newborns: Common- 50% of newborns<div><br /></div><div>Adults: u
ncommon</div>
1392590179443 1390161073008 what is the soft tissue conterpart of the Latera
l Periodontal cyst?
Gingival cyst of the Of the Adult
1392590241878 1390161073008 where do you find Gingival cyst of the Of t
he Adult
<div><b>(60-75%) mandibular canine/ premolar area, </b></di
v><div><br /></div>Same Location Predilection and Histology as Lateral Periodont
al Cyst<div><img src="paste-16196321673326.jpg" /></div><div><br /></div>
1392590383618 1390161073008 age you see gingival cysts of the adult 50-60 ye
ars
1392590410423 1390161073008 what may cause an asymptomatic cuppin of underly
ing bone?
Gingival cyst of the adult
1392590588594 1390161073008 how common are gingival cysts on newborns?
Common, 50% of newborns
1392590677888 1390161073008 What are similar inclusion cysts to a gingival c
yst of the newborn?
pan>Epstein s pearls or Bohns nodules
1392590758849 1390161073008 where do you find gingival cysts of newborns
<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><b>Maxillary alveola
r mucosa </b>> mandibular
1392590828981 1390161073008 how would you clinically describe gingival cyst
of the newborn <ol><li>Multiple small whitish papules</li><li>Superficial &
keratin filled </li><li>more common on max alveolar mucosa</li></ol><div><
1392590897512 1390161073008 what age do you find gingival cysts of newborn
Rare to find them in a newborn over 3 months
1392591074205 1390161073008 What is the <b>Multilocular</b> varient of
the Lateral Periodontal cyst?** Botryoid Odontogenic Cyst
1392591137597 1390161073008 how common are lateral periodontal cysts?
Uncommon < 2% of all jaw cysts
1392591235842 1390161073008 How would you tell a Lateral Periodontal Cyst vs
. a Lateral Radicular Cyst apart?
<ol><li><u>Lateral Periodontal Cyst</u>:
interproximal roots of <b>VITAL</b> teeth</li><li><u>Lateral Radicular Cyst</u>
: a RL between the roots of teeth where <b>at least one is NON-VITAL</b></li></o
l>
1392591412411 1390161073008 age you see Lateral Periodontal Cysts? 50-70 ye
ars
1392591444019 1390161073008 Area you find Lateral Periodontal Cysts 75-80 %
in mandibular premolar/ canine area<div><br /></div>
1392591497942 1390161073008 compair the site predilection, ages, and histolo
gy of:<div><br /></div><div>Gingival cyst of the Adult </div><div>Lateral P
eriodontal Cyst</div> <div><div><ol><li><u>Gingival cyst of the Adult</u>:</li
><ol><li><b> 50-60 years</b></li><li><b>60-75% mandibular premolar/ canine<
/b> area</li><li><b>Same histology</b></li></ol><li><u>Lateral Periodontal Cyst<
/u></li><ol><li><b>50-70 years</b></li><li><b>75-80 % mandibular premolar/ canin
e area</b></li><li><b>Same Histology</b></li></ol></ol></div></div>
1392592018056 1390161073008 where do you see lateral periodontal cysts?
<img src="paste-20620137988458.jpg" />
1392592233335 1390161073008 what else might a lateral periodontal cyst look
like? OKC: periapical unilocular radiolucent varient<div>Lateral radicular cys
t: These are on Non-Vital Teeth</div>
1392592389191 1390161073008 Histology of Lateral Periodontal Cyst Alternat
ing thin/ thick plaques, <div>clear cell component,</div><div>no keratiniza
tion</div><div><br /></div><div><img src="paste-21187073672037.jpg" /></div>
1392592480061 1390161073008 what can you NOT use to tell a lateral periodont
al cyst apart from a gingival cyst of an adult? Histology, they are the same for
both
1392592923935 1390161073008
re"> </span>70% of Calcifying Odontogenic cyst occur in ______ locatio
n intraooseous
1392593138067 1390161073008 how common are Gorlin Cyst?
uncommon
<div>(AKA Calcifying Odontogenic cysts)</div>
1392593170170 1390161073008
re">
Calcifying Odontogenic cyst</span>: 13-30 % occur in ____ peripher
al location (gingival)
1392593228226 1390161073008 <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:
pre">Calcifying Odontogenic cyst</span>: <span class="Apple-tab-span" style
="white-space:pre"> </span>30% may occur in ____ location.
pericoro
nal<div><br /></div>
1392593252742 1390161073008 Calcifying Odontogenic Cysts (Gorlin cyst) occur
what percent in the following areas?<div><ol><li>intraooseous</li><li>periocoro
nal</li><li>peripheral (gingival)</li></ol></div>
<ol><li>intraooseous- 70
%</li><li>periocoronal- 30%</li><li>peripheral (gingival)- 13-13%</li></ol>
1392593374043 1390161073008 Calcifying Odontogenic cyst can have lesions tha
t vary in size. Large lesions may cause what? root resorption and divergence o
f adjacent teeth
1392593428296 1390161073008 age you see Calcifying Odontogenic cyst
<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span> Wide age range, inf
ants to elderly and average = 33 years
1392593472795 1390161073008 a unique characteristic about Calcifying Odontog
enic Cysts are where they occur in the mouth. Where is this?** <span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span> <b>65% of cases occur in anterior m
andible and maxilla</b>
1392594557094 1390161073008 how common is Glandular odontogenic cyst
rare
1392594684783 1390161073008 The LOCATION of Derived from odontogenic ep
ithelium with pleuripotential differentiation is very important. What is the loc
ation? <ol><li><b>mandible (75%)</b>, </li><li><b>anterior region </b
></li><li>many cases tend to <b>cross the midline.</b></li></ol>
1392594771385 1390161073008 the age is important for Glandular odontoge
nic cyst, what is it? <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan>Middle age adults (mean=48), <b>rare before 20 y.o</b>
1392594819441 1390161073008 difference between the clinical presentations of
small vs. large cysts with Glandular odontogenic cysts? Small cysts; asy
mptomatic <div><br /><div>large cyst can produce expansion, pain and parast
hesia. </div></div>
1392595800226 1390161073008 <div> Mostly left over after extraction of teeth
with periapical or dentigerous cysts</div> Residual Cysts
1392595887804 1390161073008 Non-Specific Histology Cant Further Classify Cyst
"Cyst of Undetermined Origin"
1392595915529 1390161073008 Most are probably posteriorly displaced incisive
canal cysts
Median Palatal Cyst
1392595933461 1390161073008 Most probably represent other cysts such as: GOCs
, Botryoid Cysts, etc. Median Mandibular Cyst
1392595949076 1390161073008 ______cyst; follows sinus surgery or jaw surgery
with sinus involvement Surgical ciliated
1392582872613 1390161073008 proliferative periostitis is associated with wha
t?
Buccal furcation (paradental) cyst
1392586723598 1390161073008 <b>Multiple</b> Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (
Odontogenic Keratocyst) is associated with what syndrome?
nevoid basal cel
l carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin Syndrome)
1392587652407 1390161073008 Gorlin Syndrome is associated with what?
Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (Odontogenic Keratocyst)
1392587746054 1390161073008 Major clinical features of the Nevoid Basal Cell
Carcinoma Syndrome (Gorlin Syndrome) with<div>50% or Greater Frequency:</div>
<ol><li>multiple basal cell carcinomas</li><li><b>odontogenic keratocysts</b></l
i><li>Epidermal cysts of the skin (learned this last test)</li><li>Palmar/planta
r pits</li><li>Calcified falx cerebri</li><li>Rib abnormalities (splayed, fused,

partially missing, bifid)</li><li>Mild Ocular hypertelorism</li></ol>
1392587958804 1390161073008 Major clinical features of the Nevoid Basal Cell
Carcinoma Syndrome (Gorlin Syndrome) with<div>Less than 15% Frequency, but not
random:</div> <ol><li>Medulloblastoma</li><li>Meningioma</li></ol>
1392589697354 1390161073008 which has an association with Gorlin Syndrome?<d
iv><br /></div><div>Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst </div><div>OR</div><d
iv>Odontogenic Keratocyst</div> Odontogenic Keratocyst only
1392589736436 1390161073008 type of surface layer you would see with Gorlin
Syndrome histologically?
Parakeratinized
1392590054464 1390161073008 Skeletal abnormalities of Gorlin syndrome
Bifid ribs and calcification of the Falx Cerebri
1392590091721 1390161073008 What type of other tumors are people with basal
cell nevus syndrome (Gorlin) at risk for?
Medulloblastomas
1392592979454 1390161073008 <ol><li><u>Gorlin Syndrome</u> is associated wit
h what?</li><li><u>Gorlin Cyst </u>is another name for what?</li></ol> <ol><li>
<u>Gorlin Syndrome</u>: Odontogenic Keratocyst (Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor)<
/li><li><u>Gorlin Cyst</u>: Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst (Calcifying Cystic Odont
ogenic Tumor)</li></ol>
1392602292820 1390161073008 Etiology of Nasolabial cyst
<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span> Remnants of nasolacrimal duct
1392602360717 1390161073008 Where are Nasolabial cyst located?<div>What
is significant about the location?</div>
e="white-space:pre"> </span>Located within facial skin, / Mucobuccal Fold Area b
eneath Ala of Nose<div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp
an>Cause<b> lifting of the Ala</b></div><div><br /></div><div><img src="paste-37
963215929667.jpg" /></div>
1392602531773 1390161073008 Etiology of Oral Lymphoepithelial cyst
Cystic formation in<b> lymphoid tissue or lymph node</b>
1392602818676 1390161073008 Etiology of Cervical Lymphoepithelial cyst
Entrapped epithelium in second branchial cleft or in lymph nodes
1392603220158 1390161073008 Etiology Thyroglossal tract cyst Remnants
of embryonic Thyroglossal tract
1392603531837 1390161073008 Etiology of Dermoid cyst
Remnants of embr
yonic skin
1392603599003 1390161073008 <div>Clinical features: </div><div><span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Presents as a <b>cystic swel
ling of midline anterior floor of mouth or upper neck</b></div><div><span class="
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May occur within, below or above
the <b>mylohyoid muscle</b> </div><div><br /></div>
Dermoid cyst
1392604148754 1390161073008 Etiology of Epidermoid cyst
Skin
1392604166413 1390161073008 Etiology difference of Dermoid cyst vs. Epidermo
id cyst Dermoid: Embryonic skin<div>Epidermoid: Skin</div>
1392602270161 1390161073008 treatment for nasopalatine duct cyst
Enucleat
ion without recurrence
1392602504449 1390161073008 treatment of nasolabial cyst
enucleation with
out recurrence
1392602790554 1390161073008 treatment of Oral Lymphoepithelial cyst
Enucleation without recurrence
1392603061249 1390161073008 Treatment of Cervical Lymphoepithelial cyst
Enucleation without recurrence
1392603102790 1390161073008 Prognosis of Cervical Lymphoepithelial cyst
Rare SCCA development in cystic lining
1392603444862 1390161073008 treatment of Thyroglossal tract cyst
complete excision with some recurrence***
1392603482216 1390161073008 what is the only Fissural Cyst that you do not t
reat with Enucleation? Thyroglossal tract cyst ( treatment is complete excision
with some recurrence)
1392603948820 1390161073008 which has a rare recurrence and which has no rec
urrence? <div>Epidermoid cyst</div><div>Dermoid Cyst</div> Epidermoid Cyst:
no recurrence<div>Dermoid Cyst: rare recurrance</div>

1392604016061 1390161073008 how do you treat Epidermoid and Dermoid cysts?
Epidermoid cyst: Enucleation <b>without</b> recurrence<div>Dermoid cyst:&nb
sp;Enucleation with <b>rare</b> recurrence</div>
1392601929833 1390161073008 A well-Defined Oval or Heart-Shaped Radiolucency&n
bsp;
Nasopalatine duct cyst
1392602074582 1390161073008 Just from this image you should know what this i
s<div><img src="paste-37469294690781.jpg" /></div>
Nasopalatine duct cyst.&
nbsp;<div>(Heart shaped RL)</div>
1392601794405 1390161073008 Distinct groups of cysts arise as a result of en
trapment of epithelium in the facial and head and structures, bones and soft tis
sues.
Fissural Odontogenic cysts (NON-odontogenic cysts)
1392601879833 1390161073008 Etiology of Nasopalatine duct cyst Epitheli
al remnants of Nasopalatine Duct
re"> </span>May produce an anterior maxillary and palatal swelling with a strang
e feeling of fullness/ pushing feeling in the same region.
Nasopalatine duc
t cyst
1392602015146 1390161073008 what is a weird clinical presentation you see wi
th Nasopalatine duct cyst <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:p
re"> </span>Patients often report <b>salty taste </b>from the incisive canal&nbs
p;
re"> </span>A Nasopalatine duct cyst May present as a intraoral soft t
issue swelling ( and no evidence of bone involvement) / it is then referred to as
a
"cyst of Incisive Papillae
1392602123309 1390161073008 location of Nasopalatine duct cyst
Midline
Anterior Maxilla - Between Roots and Posterior to Maxillary Central Incisors
1392602613977 1390161073008 Oral Lymphoepithelial cyst are located where?
most commonly on <b>ventral/lateral tongue or floor of mouth</b>
re"> </span>Produces a submucosal swelling often with yellowish to white pearly co
lor
Oral Lymphoepithelial cyst<div><br /></div><div><img src="paste-38379827
1392602871745 1390161073008 Clinical features of what? Lateral neck swelling
(usually soft) <b>swelling anterior to SCM</b>. Movable in all direction<
div><img src="paste-39848706572591.jpg" /></div>
Cervical Lymphoepithelia
l cyst<div><br /></div>
1392603004216 1390161073008 <div>Histology of what? Lymphoid tissue in wall
of cyst of a well defined cystic cavity lined by pseudostratified squamous
epithelium to stratified squamous epithelium.</div><div><img src="paste-39887361
278254.jpg" /></div>
Cervical Lymphoepithelial cyst<div><img src="paste-39900
246180223.jpg" /></div><br>or branchial cleft cyst
1392603120879 1390161073008 Other name for Cervical Lymphoepithelial Cyst?
Branchial Cleft Cyst
1392603165351 1390161073008 Sternoclidomastoid image with the cyst on the si
de then this is what it is. It is always on the lateral neck******TEST BOARDS
Cervical Lymphoepithelial Cyst (Branchial Cleft Cyst)
1392603300623 1390161073008 <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>Presents as a soft swelling in midline of neck, anywhere
from base of tongue to thyroid gland location (most are below hyoid bone)</div><
div><br /></div>
Thyroglossal tract cyst
1392603362106 1390161073008 how to tell Thyroglossal tract cyst vs. Cer
vical Lymphoepithelial Cyst Clinically? Thyroglossal tract cyst: Midline neck sw
elling<div><br /></div><div>Cervical Lymphoepithelial Cyst: Lateral neck swellin
g</div>
1392603736759 1390161073008 which is midline swelling Epidermoid or Dermoid
cyst? Dermoid cyst
1392603756032 1390161073008 which is NON-midline Epidermoid or Dermoid cyst?
Epidermoid cyst
1392603774588 1390161073008 which smells bad when ruptured, Epidermoid or De

rmoid cyst?
Epidermoid
1392603912191 1390161073008 what is the other name for Epidermoid Cyst?
Epidermal Inclusion Cyst (EIC)
1392604063036 1390161073008 When I say Doughy mass you think of?
<div> Epidermoid Cyst</div><img src="paste-42627550413360.jpg" /><div><br /
></div>
1392604201197 1390161073008 <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>Cyst presents as Doughy mass</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span
" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Usually NON-midline subcutaneous swelling usua
lly adherent to overlying skin (Smells BAD when ruptured)</div><div><br /></div>
Epidermoid cyst<div><br /></div>
re"> </span>Cyst with varied epithelial lining and neurovascular bundles in wall
Nasopalatine duct cyst.
re">
Nasopalatine duct cyst</span> Lining type differs with origin, if o
rigins from lower portions of the duct (_______) or from upper portion close to
oral cavity (______ vs. _____). <ol><li>respiratory epithelium</li><li>p
seudo stratified columnar epithelium vs. stratified squamous epithelium</li></ol
>
1392602450022 1390161073008 Histology of Nasolabial cyst
<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Usually lined <b>partially</b> by <b
>Respiratory Type Epithelium</b> or by <b>combination of ductal or squamous &nbs
p;epithelia</b><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><img src="paste-38062000177509.jp
g" /></b></div>
1392602703077 1390161073008 Histology of what? Parakeratin Lining with
lumen often filled with keratin. Lymphoid tissue surrounding.
Oral Lym
phoepithelial cyst
1392602737350 1390161073008 what type of surface layer does Oral Lympho
epithelial cyst have? parakeratin
1392603417203 1390161073008 Histology of what?<span class="Apple-tab-span" st
yle="white-space:pre"> </span>Various types of epithelial lining a well defined
cystic cavity with thyroid tissue in wall
Thyroglossal tract cyst
1392603652406 1390161073008 Histology: A well defined cystic cavity, l
ined by squamous epithelium with keratin filled lumen and <b>adnexal structures<
/b> (hair follicles and sebaceous glands) in the wall
Dermoid cyst
1392603685286 1390161073008 which has Adnexal structures? Epidermoid or Derm
oid cyst?
Dermoid cyst
1392603876819 1390161073008 Histopathology: Keratin filled epithelial lined
cyst without adnexal structures in wall Epidermoid cyst
1392840986307 1384318139939 Ameloblastic Fibroma age
teens or younger
(6-14)
1392841661133 1384318139939 Odontomas are detected within what age group
1st 2 decades of life
1392842384137 1384318139939 Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontoma age <20 yo <
div><br /></div><div>average 10yo</div>
1392844141220 1384318139939 Central Odontogenic Fibroma age 4 to 80 years;&n
bsp;<div><br /></div><div>mean age is 40 years.</div>
1392844600131 1384318139939 Odontogenic Myxoma age wide range<div><br /></d
iv><div>mostly young (25-30)</div>
1392846372320 1384318139939 Cementoblastoma age
50% arise before age 20
(teen disease)
1392847598541 1384318139939 Malignant ameloblastoma age range
4 to 75
years, <div><br /></div><div>with a mean age of 30 years.</div>
1392847758226 1384318139939 Ameloblastic carcinoma age
older = 50yo
1392847913957 1384318139939 <div>Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma </div
><div>AKA Clear Cell Ameloblastic Carcinoma</div><div>age</div> over 50 yo
1392848802500 1384318139939 Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma age mean age is 27.5
years.
1392841017979 1384318139939 Ameloblastic Fibroma sex

male
1392844276205 1384318139939 Central Odontogenic Fibroma sex female
1392848821528 1384318139939 Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma sex male
1393470799222 1390161073008 Benign odontogenic tumor derived presumably from
the rests of Malassez in the periodontal ligament; may occur in multiples or sh
ow familial pattern.
Squamous Odontogenic Tumor
1393470808019 1390161073008 Squamous Odontogenic Tumor: incidence exceptio
nally rare
1393470842404 1390161073008 Squamous Odontogenic Tumor: age <ol><li>Mean age
of 37 year, </li><li>8-74 yrs </li><li>too few cases to know real ten
dency. </li></ol>
1393470881737 1390161073008 Squamous Odontogenic Tumor: symptoms
<ol><li>
May have gingival swelling with possible mild pain;</li><li> may have tooth
mobility</li></ol>
1393470897451 1390161073008 Squamous Odontogenic Tumor: sites
<ol><li>
<b>Lateral to the root surface</b> of any tooth.</li><li>at or near <b>alveolar
crest</b></li></ol>
1393470943342 1390161073008 <ol><li>Well-defined, often triangular, lucency&
nbsp;</li><li>lateral to tooth roots; </li><li>often located at midroot are
a up to crest of alveolar bone; </li><li>may mimic periodontal defect;&nbsp
;</li><li>less than 1.5 cm.</li></ol><img src="paste-22926535426594.jpg" />
Squamous odontogenic tumor
1393471181518 1390161073008 Histologic Features: Small islands of blan
d squamous epithelium with mature fibrous connective stroma.<div><img src="paste
-22995254903874.jpg" /></div> Squamous Odontogenic Tumor
1393471242072 1390161073008 squamous odontogenic tumor: treatment Conserva
tive local excision or curettage is usually effective.
1393471616386 1390161073008 squamous odontogenic tumor can mimic what?
periodontal defect but are less than 1.5cm
src="paste-23265837843498.jpg" /></div><div>Very rare</div><div>can have gingiva
l swelling</div><div>lateral to root surface</div><div>triangular RL to crest</d
iv><div>mimics Perio defect</div>
Squamous Odontogenic Tumor
hite-space:pre"> </span>Infection spreading in trabecular bone usually associate
d with necrosis of bone; occurs in acute and chronic stages.
Osteomyelitis
1393527288168 1390161073008 Osteomyelitis: incidence
almost common
1393527330202 1390161073008 Osteomyelitis: age
any age
1393527391443 1390161073008 Osteomyelitis: symptoms <ol><li>Acute stage is u
sually associated with pain, swelling and possible cellulitis of overlying soft
tissue; fever and lymphadenopathy are also common; </li><li>Chronic stage f
eatures milder symptoms or no symptoms</li></ol>
1393527456811 1390161073008 Osteomyelitis: sites
Any area of the
jaws
1393527466377 1390161073008 Osteomyelitis: Radiographic features
<ol><li>Requires <b>at least two weeks</b> to produce detectable radiographic ch
anges; </li><li>destruction of bone produces <b>irregular areas of lucency&
nbsp;</b></li><li><b>diffuse or ill-defined margins; </b></li><li>may have
<b>moth-eaten</b> appearance; </li><li>may be <b>extensive</b>.</li></ol><i
mg src="paste-40346922779310.jpg" /><div><img src="paste-40359807681162.jpg" /><
/div>
1393527604095 1390161073008 Osteopmyelitis: histology
<ol><li>Bone mar
row contains dense inflammatory infiltrate and many bone <b>trabeculae will be n
ecrotic</b>. </li><li><b>acute form</b>, inflammatory infiltrate is compose
d of <b>neutrophils and fibrin</b>. </li><li><b>chronic form,</b> inflammat
ory infiltrate is composed of <b>plasma cells</b>.</li></ol><img src="paste-4051
0131536512.jpg" />
1393527707754 1390161073008 <img src="paste-40535901340208.jpg" /><div><div>
Radiolucency of the right body of the mandible with central radiopaque mass
of necrotic bone. </div></div><div>pt has pain, swelling and cellulitis on
overlying tissue</div> acute osteomyelitis

1393527796270 1390161073008 <img src="paste-40587440947802.jpg" /><div>A, Il
l-defined area of radiolucency of the right body of the mandible adjacent to a r
ecent extraction site. </div><div>B, After the initial intervention, the pa
tient failed to return for follow-up because of lack of significant pain. An enl
arged, ill-defined radiolucency of the right body of the mandible was discovered
2 years after the initial surgery.</div>
Chronic osteomyelitis
1393527841404 1390161073008 Osteomyelitis Treatment <ol><li>Acute- <b>antibi
otics</b> (and drain)</li><li>Chronic- <b>surgical curettage</b> (and antibiotic
s)</li></ol>
1393526079073 1390161073008 Central Hemangioma: incidence Rare in jaw bone
, although common in soft tissue
1393526296076 1390161073008 Congenital hamartoma (developmental anomaly) of
blood vessels in the bone
Central hemangioma
1393526321713 1390161073008 Central Hemangioma: age Most common in adolescen
ce
1393526332250 1390161073008 Central Hemangioma: gender
M<F
1393526341522 1390161073008 Central Hemangioma: sites
More common in m
andible
1393526351490 1390161073008 Central Hemangioma: radiographic
<img src
="paste-37585258807830.jpg" /><div><img src="paste-37602438677006.jpg" /><br /><
div><ol><li>Multilocular lucency with honey-comb or soap bubble appearance;&nbsp
;</li><li>sometimes ill-defined or not visible on radiographs.</li></ol></div></
div>
1393526413009 1390161073008 Central Hemangioma: histology <div><img src="p
aste-37649683317292.jpg" /></div>Resorptive bone cavity contains cluster of larg
e (cavernous) thin-walled vascular spaces lined by endothelium and containing wh
ole blood.<div><br /></div>
1393526496569 1390161073008 Central Hemangioma: TREATMENT** <ol><li>ALWAYS a
spirate before surgically entering any multilocular lesion to rule out possiblib
yt of hemantioma or other arteriovenous malformation</li><li>risk of severe hemo
rrhage or exsanguination with surgery unless appropriate precautions taken;&nbsp
;</li><li>Refer to specialist for further pre-surgical evaluation and definitive
therapy</li></ol>
1393526592905 1390161073008 what would you apsirate on a central hemangioma
fresh blood, so don t biopsy!!! Life threatening!
hite-space:pre"> </span>Benign aggressive true neoplasm of odontogenic origin; h
istologically resembles enamel organ, but is incapable of producing enamel subst
ance.<div><br /></div><div>Uncommon, but most common odontogenic true neoplasm</
div>
Infiltrating Ameloblastoma
1393480163368 1390161073008 the most common clinically significant odontogen
ic tumor
1393480197446 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: incidence Uncommon
; <div>most common odontogenic true neoplasm. </div>
1393480241034 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: age?
<ol><li>
<b>rare before 10</b></li><li>uncommon 10-19</li><li><b>Most after 30</b></li><l
i>equal prevalence after 30</li></ol>
1393480323163 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: symptoms
Asymptom
atic or painless jaw enlargement
1393480339347 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: site
Most occ
ur in mandible, particularly molar ramus area
1393480351685 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: grow faster what dir
ection? mesio-distal than facial lingual
1393480379771 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma:classic radio present
ation <ol><li>Classic presentation is <b>multilocular lucency of moderate to l
arge size</b>; </li><li>may be small; </li><li>may be unilocular;&nbsp
;</li><li>may have corticated border or diffuse border; </li><li>may be ass
ociated with an unerupted tooth.</li></ol>
src="paste-29635274342952.jpg" /></div> Infiltrating Ameloblastoma

src="paste-29746943493076.jpg" /></div> Infiltrating Ameloblastoma
1393518688737 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: treatment
<ol><li>marginal or <b>en bloc</b> resection with a <b>minimum of 1.5cm</b> bord
er of normal tissue beyond radiographic margin of lesion</li><li>larger- segment
al resection or hemimandibulectomy</li></ol>
1393518796712 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: recurrance
<ol><li>curettage has 50-90% recurrance (many late)</li><li>marginal/en bloc has
15% recurrance</li></ol>
1393518860485 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: deadly?
yes, rar
ely can impinge on vital structures causing death
1393518883834 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: most common histolog
ic types?
follicular and plexiform<div><img src="paste-31494995182350.jpg"
/></div><div><img src="paste-31507880084104.jpg" /></div>
1393518960843 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: histologic type?<div
><ol><li>shows mature fibrous connective tissue stroma containing discrete epith
elial islands. </li><li>The outer rim of the epithelial islands (basal cell
layer) is composed of ameloblastic columnar cells with deeply basophilic nuclei
showing reverse polarization. </li><li>The core of each island is composed
of a loose angular cells resembling stellate reticulum. </li><li>May show
cystic degeneration. </li><li>Tumor is infiltrative and destructive. <
/li></ol><img src="paste-31641024070188.jpg" /></div><div><img src="paste-316624
98906664.jpg" /></div> Follicular pattern of Infiltrating Ameloblastoma
1393519086077 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: histologic type?<div
><ol><li> shows anastomoses of epithelial islands to form larger epithelial
sheets and strands.</li></ol><img src="paste-31748398252576.jpg" /></div>
Plexiform Infiltrating Ameloblastoma
1393452727925 1390161073008 <img src="paste-2465311228440.jpg" /><div>Non vi
tal</div><div>uncommon in children,</div><div>any tooth</div> Chronic apical p
eriodontitis (Dental granuloma)
1393452934442 1390161073008 <img src="paste-2585570312748.jpg" /><div>MOST l
ikely what if it is not a child?</div> Dental granuloma<div>Chronic Apical Peri
odontitis</div>
1393453068867 1390161073008 Chronic Apical Periodontitis <span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>AKA: Dental Granuloma: <div>how c
ommon? </div><div>where do you find it?</div>
Very common, more common
than even periapical cyst<div>Periapical on Non-vital tooth</div>
1393453159380 1390161073008 Chronic Apical Periodontitis <span class="A
pple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre"> </span>AKA: Dental Granuloma: <div
>vital or non vital?</div>
non-vital
1393453169439 1390161073008 Chronic Apical Periodontitis <span class="A
pple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre"> </span>AKA: Dental Granuloma: <div
>Age?</div>
any age, uncommon in children
1393453182097 1390161073008 <img src="paste-3478923510298.jpg" /><div><div>U
nilocular lucency, usually well-defined, superimposed over apex of tooth;</div><
div>no lamina dura between root and lesion; may occur lateral to root body</div>
</div><div><br /></div><div>Adult</div> Chronic Apical Periodontits<div>Dental G
ranuloma</div>
1393453253594 1390161073008 <img src="paste-3594887627300.jpg" /><div><img s
rc="paste-3607772529172.jpg" /></div><div>non-vital tooth</div><div>Adult</div>
Chronic periapical periodontitis<div>dental granuloma</div>
1393453309737 1390161073008 <img src="paste-3650722202142.jpg" /><div>Adult
pt</div><div>non-vital tooth</div><div>What are the 2 most likely diagnosis?</di
v><div>what if it was vital?</div>
<ol><li>Chronic apical periodontitis (De
ntal granuloma)</li><li>Periapical cyst </li><li>Periapical cemento-osseous
dysplasia (early) (if they were black female and teeth are vital)</li></ol>
rc="paste-3895535338020.jpg" /></div><div><img src="paste-3917010174482.jpg" /><
/div><div><br /></div><div>Which histologic picture is a periapical cyst and whi
ch is a periapical granuloma?</div>
Top: periapical granuloma: NO epithelial
lining<div>Bottom: periapical cyst: epithelial lining</div>
1393453687387 1390161073008 which is the most common periapical RL in Adults
? Radicular Cyst or Dental Granuloma? Dental Granuloma
1393531279495 1390161073008 Malignant Odontogenic Tumors: Examples <ol><li>
Malignant ameloblastoma, </li><li>ameloblastic carcinoma, </li><li>int
ra-osseous carcinoma</li></ol>
hite-space:pre"> </span>Malignant neoplasms derived from odontogenic epithelial
rests; primary intra-osseous carcinoma may sometimes be derived from non-odontog
enic embryonic epithelial rests within the jaws Malignant Odontogenic Tumors
1393531339245 1390161073008 Malignant Odontogenic Tumors: incidence exceptio
nally rare
1393531363500 1390161073008 Malignant Odontogenic Tumors: age
middle a
ged and older
1393531372123 1390161073008 Malignant Odontogenic Tumors: sex
2M:1F
1393531381654 1390161073008 Malignant Odontogenic Tumors: symptoms <ol><li>
Jaw swelling, </li><li>pain </li><li>tooth mobility</li></ol>
1393531399984 1390161073008 Malignant Odontogenic Tumors: sites
90% mandible
1393531409372 1390161073008 Malignant Odontogenic Tumors: radiograph
<ol><li>Usually diffuse, </li><li>ill-defined radiolucency</li></ol>
1393532688412 1390161073008 Malignant Odontogenic Tumors: treatment <ol><li>
Wide excision to radical excision; </li><li>may require multimodality treat
ment; </li><li>usually refer to medical specialist.</li></ol>
1393463710012 1390161073008 Other name for nasopalatine duct cyst? incisive
canal cyst
1393463727126 1390161073008 <img src="paste-15294378541926.jpg" /><div>Adult
Male</div><div>Pain, swelling, exudate</div><div>Histo: respiratory epithelium<
/div> Nasopalatine Duct Cyst
1393463849174 1390161073008 what shape do you see radiographically for Nasop
alatine duct cyst?
heart shaped, ovid, round
1393463874423 1390161073008 nasopalatine duct cyst: age
Adults, especial
ly middle-aged and older adults
1393463902889 1390161073008 nasopalatine duct cyst: sex
3M:1F
1393463914544 1390161073008 nasopalatine duct cyst:incidence
common
1393463924444 1390161073008 nasopalatine duct cyst: sites of predilection
Anterior maxilla at midline
1393463940279 1390161073008 Radiographic feature of what? <div>Well-def
ined unilocular lucency, usually round, ovoid or heart-shaped, located at anteri
or midline maxilla; may be contiguous with midline suture; angulation of radiogr
aph may cause superimposition over root apices; often corticated.</div> Nasopala
tine Duct cyst
1393463974514 1390161073008 Histologically the fibro-fatty capsule of the na
sopalatine duct cyst must contain what? some normal contents of nasopalatine duc
t, i.e., large nerve bundles and large blood vessels.<div><img src="paste-155348
96710308.jpg" /></div>
src="paste-15582141350764.jpg" /></div><div>What is this from only these 2 image
s?</div>
Nasopalatine duct cyst<div><img src="paste-15595026252452.jpg" /
></div><div><img src="paste-15607911154766.jpg" /></div>
1393464079583 1390161073008 how to treat nasopalatine duct cyst?
enucleat
ion
1393464096266 1390161073008 <img src="paste-15680925598560.jpg" /><div>Pt co
mplains of a salty taste</div> Nasopalatine Duct cyst
1393464201835 1390161073008 If there is no evidence of bone involvment and o
nly soft tissue of a nasopalatine duct cyst, what do you call it?
Cyst of
Incisive Papillae
1393464255817 1390161073008 what causes the heart shaped RL on Nasopalatine
duct cyst?
nasal spine superimposition
1393464283968 1390161073008 where do you find nasopalatine duct cyst?

Midline Anterior Maxilla (Adults)
src="paste-15869904159590.jpg" /></div><div>what is this</div> nasopalatine duc
t cyst<div><br /></div><div>Cystic lining showing transition from pseudostratifi
ed columnar to stratified squamous epithelium.</div><div><img src="paste-1594721
3570606.jpg" /></div>
is this?</div> Nasopalatine duct cyst
1393464417854 1390161073008 <img src="paste-16015933047316.jpg" /><div>There
is no radiographic indication of bone involvement. Pt complains of salty taste
and a strange feeling of fullness/pushing feeling here.</div><div>What is
it?</div>
cyst of incisive papillae
1393464535805 1390161073008 Simple Bone Cyst: age you almost always see thes
e?
10-25 years
1393464698401 1390161073008 Simple Bone Cyst: type of cyst? Pseudocyst (bone
cavity without epithelial lining) which may be related to previous trauma, vasc
ular disturbance or possible infection
1393464716253 1390161073008 Simple Bone Cyst: what radiographic feature make
s this <b>highly suggestive</b> that it is a simple bone cyst and not another un
ilocular-well defined, radiolucency?** <b>Scalloped border</b> around tooth roo
ts<div><br /></div><div><img src="paste-16776142258724.jpg" /></div>
1393464858452 1390161073008 Simple Bone Cyst: incidence
common
1393464884525 1390161073008 Simple Bone Cyst: symptoms
Usually asymptom
atic; some will cause cortical expansion; associated teeth usually vital.
1393464898877 1390161073008 Simple Bone Cyst: vital or non vital teeth?
usually Vital
1393464915447 1390161073008 <div>Well-defined unilocular lucency usually bel
ow and between roots of teeth;</div><div>scalloped border around tooth roots; te
eth have intact lamina dura.</div><div> Radiographic features for what?</di
v>
Simple bone cyst
1393464936802 1390161073008 <img src="paste-16900696310606.jpg" /><div>You s
ee this and then open it up only to find an empty cavity... What is it?</div>
Simple bone cyst
1393464990083 1390161073008 a well defined unilocular lucency that has NO pe
ripheral cortication and NO border reaction would be what?
Simple bone cyst
1393465137928 1390161073008 <img src="paste-17016660427602.jpg" /><div>Peria
pical radiograph showing a radiolucent area in the apical region of the anterior
mandible. The incisor teeth responded normally to vitality testing, and no rest
orations are present.</div><div><br /></div><div>Differential Diagnosis?</div>
<ol><li><b>Periapical Cemento-osseous dysplasia (early)</b>- if pt is middle age
d black female & it must be corticated</li><li><b>Simple Bone Cyst</b>- age
10-25. NO cortication or border reaction</li></ol>
is classic for what?</div><div>Pt is 10-25 years old</div>
Simple Bone cyst
1393465463780 1390161073008 <img src="paste-17377437680164.jpg" /><div>&nbsp
;Vitality testing show teeth are Vital. Biospy showed an empty cavity.</div><div
><br />How do you treat this???**</div><div>What is this?</div> Simple Bone Cyst
<div><br /></div><div>Tx: Exploration only! it initiates healing after explorati
on</div>
1393465579716 1390161073008 Simple bone cyst: radiographic features <div><ol
><li>Well-defined unilocular lucency usually below and between roots of teeth;</
li><li>scalloped border around tooth roots; </li><li>teeth have intact lami
na dura.</li></ol></div><div><br /></div>
1393465638837 1390161073008 Simple bone cyst: site of predilection Posterio
r and body of mandible
1393465650774 1390161073008 Simple bone cyst: histologic
<ol><li>As surge
on will open into empty cavity, obtaining specimen for histologic evaluation is
difficult.</li><li> Scanty tissue usually composed of loose fibrous connect
ive tissue or cortical bone, fibrin and blood.</li></ol>
1393525245740 1390161073008 Pseudocystic lesion of apparent vascular origin

Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
;this young pt has a history of trama</div><div>tender, painful</div><div>expans
ile radiolucent</div><div>the multiple cavities are filled with blood, but there
is NO epithelial lining in the cavities</div> Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
1393525384638 1390161073008 Aneurysmal Bone Cyst: incidence rare
1393525418594 1390161073008 Aneurysmal Bone Cyst: age
most before age
30
1393525425298 1390161073008 Aneurysmal Bone Cyst: symptoms <ol><li>Prior hi
story of traumatic injury; </li><li>tenderness or pain; </li><li><b>sw
elling common</b></li></ol>
src="paste-36679020708394.jpg" /></div><div>young patient</div><div>history of t
rauma</div>
Aneurysmal bone cyst
1393525492305 1390161073008
<img src="paste-36726265348654.jpg" /><div>Dr. sai
d it looked like a "Blood soaked sponge" after opening it up</div>
aneurysm
al bone cyst
1393525555818 1390161073008 Aneurysmal Bone Cyst: site
Twice as common
in mandible than maxilla
1393525898406 1390161073008 Aneurysmal Bone Cyst: radiographic features<div>
<br /></div>
<img src="paste-36915243909670.jpg" /><br /><div><div><ol><li>Ex
pansible radiolucency, </li><li>often multilocular; </li><li> cortical
destruction;</li><li> periosteal reaction;</li><li> root resorption.</li></ol></di
v></div>
1393525987778 1390161073008 Aneurysmal Bone Cyst: histololgy
<img src
="paste-36996848288292.jpg" /><div><ol><li>Lesion features fibrous connective ti
ssue stroma</li><li> containing few scattered multinucleated giant cells an
d residual bone trabeculae. </li><li>Characterized by <b>multiple cavities
filled with blood. </b></li><li>NO epithelial lining is present in cavities
.</li></ol></div>
1393526053108 1390161073008 Aneurysmal Bone Cyst: treatment Surgical excisio
n or curettage; minimal risk of recurrence.
hite-space:pre"> </span>Spontaneous necrosis of the bone that develops as a comp
lication of systemic treatment with bisphosphonate medication; bisphosphonates i
nhibit osteoclastic activity and interfere with bone maintenance; drugs have abo
ut a 10 year half life; bisphosphonates are used to treat osteoporosis, metastat
ic tumors in bone, Paget disease of bone and multiple myeloma. Bisphosphonate-a
ssociated Osteonecrosis of the Jaws
1393529477684 1390161073008 Bisphosphonate is used to treat what diseases, t
herefore what dieseases may also present with this?
<ol><li>osteoporosis,&nb
sp;</li><li>metastatic tumors in bone, </li><li>Paget disease of bone and&n
bsp;</li><li>multiple myeloma</li></ol><img src="paste-43134356554262.jpg" />
1393529541984 1390161073008 Bisphosphonate-associated Osteonecrosis of the J
aws: incidence rare
aws:age older adults
aws: symptoms <ol><li>Sequestration of dead bone through mucosa; </li><li
>may or may not have pain; </li><li>sinus tracts may for; </li><li>pat
hologic fracture is possible.</li><li><img src="paste-43211665965624.jpg" /></li
></ol>
aws: sites
mandible
aws: radiograph <div><ol><li>Ill-defined or moth-eaten radiolucency </li><l
i><b>with or without</b> central area of <b>opacity</b> (which represents t
he sequestrum)</li></ol></div><div><img src="paste-43280385442268.jpg" /></div>
1393529692486 1390161073008 difference between Osteoradionecrosis vs. B
isphosphonate-associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaws radiographically<div><br /></

div>
<ol><li>Osteoradionecrosis</li><ol><li>Ill-defined area of radiolucency&
nbsp;</li><li><b>containing foci of opacity</b> (which represent the sequestra)<
/li><li><img src="paste-43340514984478.jpg" /></li></ol><li>Bisphosphonate-assoc
iated Osteonecrosis of the Jaws</li><ol><li>Ill-defined or moth-eaten radiolucen
cy </li><li><b>with or without central area of opacity</b>(which represents
the sequestrum)</li><li><img src="paste-43379169690070.jpg" /></li></ol></ol>
aws: histology<div><img src="paste-43430709297782.jpg" /></div><div><img src="pa
ste-43443594199596.jpg" /></div>
<ol><li>Sclerotic bone without viable os
teocytes (necrotic bone);</li><li>bacterial colonies may be present.</li></ol><b
r />
aws: treatment <ol><li>CONTROL PAIN, systemic antibiotics, topical chlorhexidin
e</li><li>Refer to specialist; surgical treatment is usually ineffective; <
/li></ol>
1393524297739 1390161073008 Central Giant Cell Granuloma: what is its behavi
or?
Lesion of uncertain origin showing features suggestive of reactive as we
ll as neoplastic behavior.
1393524323563 1390161073008 Central Giant Cell Granuloma: incidence
uncommon
1393524332308 1390161073008 Central Giant Cell Granuloma: age Adolesce
nts and young adults less than age 30 years
1393524340965 1390161073008 Central Giant Cell Granuloma: symptoms*
<ol><li>May have jaw swelling </li><li>teeth displacement;<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></li><li>pain.</li></ol>
1393524375284 1390161073008 Central Giant Cell Granuloma: sites
<ol><li>May affect any jaw region, </li><li>mandible more common than maxil
la.</li></ol>
1393524394950 1390161073008 Central Giant Cell Granuloma: radiographic
features
<ol><li>Well-defined multilocular radiolucency</li><li> wit
h "soap bubble" appearance is classic;</li><li> may be unilocular in smalle
r stage.</li></ol>
1393524427567 1390161073008 Central Giant Cell Granuloma: CLASSIC radiograph
ic features
Soap bubble<div><img src="paste-35085587841560.jpg" /></div>
1393524454658 1390161073008 Histologic feature of what?<div><ol><li>Lesion f
eatures cellular and vascular connective tissue stroma resembling granulation ti
ssue (plumb fibroblasts, endothelial cells but scant collagen).</li><li> Sc
attered throughout are <b>numerous multinucleated giant cells</b>. </li><li
>May also contain few scattered inflammatory cells.</li></ol><img src="paste-351
Central Giant Cell Granuloma AKA: Central Giant Cell Tumor
1393524603763 1390161073008 <img src="paste-35579509080670.jpg" /><div>A, A
blue-purple mass is present on the anterior alveolar ridge of this 4-year-old wh
ite boy. </div><div>B, The occlusal radiograph shows a radiolucent lesion w
ith cortical expansion.</div> Central Giant cell granuloma
1393524673613 1390161073008 <img src="paste-35613868819284.jpg" /><div>Pt is
less than 30, has teeth displacement and pain.</div><div>numerous multinucleate
d giant cells.</div>
Central Giant cell Granuloma
1393524758805 1390161073008 <div>First Condition</div><img src="paste-356654
08426536.jpg" /><div><img src="paste-35678293328418.jpg" /></div><div><br /></di
v><div>Second Condition</div><div><img src="paste-35781372543526.jpg" /></div><d
iv><img src="paste-35850092020252.jpg" /></div><div><img src="paste-358715668570
32.jpg" /></div><div><br /></div><div>These 2 conditions have very similar histo
logy, but they are different radiographically. What are they?</div>
<ol><li>
1st is <b>Hyperparathyroidism</b> (Ground glass, and multinucleated giant cells)
</li><li>2nd is <b>Central Giant Cell Granuloma</b> (radiolucent, multilocular s
oap bubble or unilocular, multinucleated giant cells)</li></ol>
1393525035996 1390161073008 <img src="paste-36004710842918.jpg" /><div>Point
out the characteristics of the lesion</div>
<ol><li>large</li><li>expansile&
nbsp;</li><li>radiolucent</li><li>multilocular</li><li>soab bubble</li><li>CENTR
AL GIANT CELL GRANULOMA</li></ol>
1393525135102 1390161073008 Central Giant Cell Granuloma : Treatment
<ol><li>Most treated by curettage; </li><li>approximately 50% recur followi
ng curettage; </li><li><b>must rule out hyperparathyroidism in patients ove
r 30 years of age.</b></li></ol>
1393525211182 1390161073008 what must you rule out in patients over 30 with
for central giant cell granuloma?
<b>must rule out hyperparathyroidism in
patients over 30 years of age.</b>
1393530022736 1390161073008 Most common malignancy in bone? metastatic bone
tumors
1393530037210 1390161073008 Tumors that tend to metasticize to bone?
<ol><li>prostate carcinoma, </li><li>breast carcinoma, </li><li>lung c
arcinoma and </li><li>renal cell carcinoma.</li></ol>
1393530091020 1390161073008 what are metastatic bone tumors?
Malignan
t neoplasms growing in jaw bone which have originated at distant sites
1393530111627 1390161073008 most frequent sites for metastatic bone tumors?
vertebrae>ribs>pelvis>skull>mandible>maxilla
1393530154497 1390161073008 tumors that metastisize as radiopaque <ol><li>
breast</li><li>prostate</li><li>thyroid</li></ol>
1393530192708 1390161073008 most common tumros to metastasize to <b>jaws</b>
<ol><li>Breast (30%)</li><li>Lung (20%)</li><li>Kindey (15%)</li><li>Thy
roid, prostate, colon, stomach (5%)</li></ol>
1393530272524 1390161073008 most common malignant tumor of bone (overall)
metastatic carcinoma
1393530301088 1390161073008 most common Primary malignant tumor of bone?
multiple myeloma
1393530316526 1390161073008 most common primary malignant tumor of jaw bones
osteogenic sarcoma
1393530333453 1390161073008 Metastatic Bone Tumors: incidence
almost c
ommon
1393530351256 1390161073008 Metastatic Bone Tumors: age
Usually
adults, often older adults
1393530360358 1390161073008 Metastatic Bone Tumors: symptoms <ol><li>
Pain, </li><li>swelling or </li><li>pathologic fracture; </li><li
>may be asymptomatic.</li></ol>
1393530380081 1390161073008 Metastatic Bone Tumors: sites
Mandible
more common than maxilla
1393530389072 1390161073008 Metastatic Bone Tumors: radiograph <ol><li>
Usually present as diffuse radiolucencies, </li><li><b>moth-eaten</b> appea
rance; </li><li>occasionally well-circumscribed; </li><li><b>rarely</b
> tumors produce osteoblastic response causing<b> increased radiodensity</b>.</l
i></ol><img src="paste-44809393799712.jpg" /><div><img src="paste-44899588113380
.jpg" /></div>
1393530477809 1390161073008 Metastatic Bone Tumors: treatment
Prognosi
s is generally poor once bone metastases are discovered.
Panoramic radiograph showing destruction of the alveolar bone</div><div>surround
ing the roots of the mandibular second molar. Such changes may mimic advanced pe
riodontal disease. In this patient, the lesion originated from an occult carcino
ma of the lung. </div></div>
Metastatic tumor to the jaw
hite-space:pre"> </span>This rare and highly malignant neoplasm is derived from
neuroectoderm. Ewing s sarcoma
1393530648401 1390161073008 Ewing Sarcoma: incidence
rare in jaw
1393530666744 1390161073008 Ewing Sarcoma: age
Tight age predilection i
n the second decade = <b>age 10 to 19 years old (mostly 10-15)</b>
1393530704474 1390161073008 Ewing Sarcoma: symptoms <ol><li>First symptoms a
re pain and swelling; </li><li>paresthesia is common; </li><li>may hav
e loose teeth; </li><li>may have fever.</li></ol>
1393530737388 1390161073008 Ewing Sarcoma: site

more common in mandible
1393530744431 1390161073008 Ewing Sarcoma: radiograph
<ol><li>Expansil
e destructive </li><li>radiolucent lesion with irregular and ill--defined m
argins; </li><li>onion skin layering </li><li>uncommon in the jaws.</l
i></ol>
1393530793345 1390161073008 Ewing Sarcoma: Histology<div><img src="paste-456
16847651362.jpg" /></div>
<ol><li>Sheet of <b>small dark round cells</b> h
aving s<b>cant cytoplasm</b>; </li><li>cytoplasm contains <u><b>glycogen</b
> </u>(PAS +); </li><li>little stroma is present; </li><li><b>high mit
otic rate </b></li><li><b>tumor necrosis</b> are common.</li><li><img src="
paste-45621142618658.jpg" /></li></ol>
1393530876749 1390161073008 Ewing Sarcoma: gender, ethinic? White males, 1015 years old
1393530917660 1390161073008 Ewing Sarcoma gene/chromosome??***
<ol><li>
t:11;22 (fusion of WWS gene on Ch. 22 to FLI-1 gene on Ch.11)</li><li>t 21;22</l
i></ol>
1393530992629 1390161073008 what is found 75% of the time with Ewings saroma
and is used as a diagnostic tool?
<b>glycogen</b> in cytoplasm of small ro
und cells<div><img src="paste-45874545689128.jpg" /></div>
1393531056705 1390161073008 Ewing Sarcoma: treatment
<ol><li>Currentl
y treated using combined modalities radical surgery, radiation and multidrug che
motherapy. </li></ol>
1393531093253 1390161073008 Ewing Sarcoma survival rate
5 year: 40-80%
1393531110117 1390161073008 Ewing sarcoma found where has the worst prognosi
s
pelvis
1393531166633 1390161073008 Ewing s sarcoma frequent metastasis. Where?
lungs, liver, lymph nodes and other bones
1393531218615 1390161073008 What is something that can look just like Ewing
s sarcoma, but actually is not a problem at all because it heals?
Osteomye
litis with Proliferative Periostitis
hite-space:pre"> </span>A unique proliferative reaction in inflamed or irritated
bone. Osteomyelitis with Proliferative Periostitis
1393527974514 1390161073008 Osteomyelitis with Proliferative Periostitis: in
cidence rare
1393527986385 1390161073008 Osteomyelitis with Proliferative Periostitis: ag
e
Children and young adults <b>usually well below age 25 years old</b>
1393527999895 1390161073008 Osteomyelitis with Proliferative Periostitis: sy
mptoms <ol><li>Presents as a <b>bony hard swelling</b>. </li><li>Patient m
ay have a <b>toothache</b> or other dental complications such as <b>pericoroniti
s</b>.</li></ol>
1393528031394 1390161073008 Osteomyelitis with Proliferative Periostitis: si
tes
Usually involves the mandible.
1393528049605 1390161073008 Osteomyelitis with Proliferative Periostitis:&nb
sp;Radiographic Features
<div><ol><li>Bony expansion with <b>"onion-skin"
</b> layering of new bone over the cortex.</li><li>Source of infection may be a
<b>carious tooth</b> or <b>pericoronitis</b> with an<b> impacted molar</b>.</li>
</ol><img src="paste-41197326303976.jpg" /></div><div><br /></div>
src="paste-41244570944220.jpg" /></div><div><img src="paste-41257455845990.jpg"
/></div>
Osteomyelitis with Proliferative Periostitis
1393528322696 1390161073008 Osteomyelitis with Proliferative Periostitis: hi
stology <ol><li>Biopsy is <b>not usually necessary.</b> </li><li>If perform
ed, tissue will show inflammation of medullary and cortical bone, </li><li>
with new bone growth at periosteal margin.</li></ol>
1393528379298 1390161073008 Osteomyelitis with Proliferative Periostitis:tre
atment <ol><li>Treat the source of infection.</li><li> It may be necessary
to remove caries, provide root canal therapy, or other extract a tooth. </
li><li>The bone will remodel back to normal contours over time.</li></ol>
1393528417091 1390161073008 Osteomyelitis with Proliferative Periostitis: wh
at to differentiate from more serious disease? This could be either one!<div><im

g src="paste-41618233099610.jpg" /></div>
Ewing Sarcoma and Osteomyelitis
with Proliferative Periostitis can look very similar, but the treatment is very
different<div><ol><li>Ewing Sarcoma:</li><ol><li>age 10-19</li><li>onion skin la
yering</li><li>irreguler, diffuse, expansile destructive</li><li>Histology: Glyc
ogen</li><li>Treatment: radical surgery, radiation, chemo</li><li>5 year surviva
l: 40-80%</li></ol><li>Osteomyelitis with Proliferative Periostitis</li><ol><li>
Youth below age 25</li><li>onion skin layering</li><li>irregular diffuse, expans
ile</li><li>Histology: inflammation, new bone</li><li>Treatment: None, just biop
sy to confirm</li><li>Bone remodels with time to normal</li></ol></ol></div>
1393526707710 1390161073008 what is cherubism
Hereditary bone disorder
of autosomal dominant transmission
1393526747538 1390161073008 Cherubism: incidence
rare
1393526756687 1390161073008 Cherubism: age early childhood
1393526767348 1390161073008 Cherubism:sex Far more common in males
1393526777843 1390161073008 Cherubism: classic symptoms
<img src="paste38289633444850.jpg" /><div><br /></div><div><ol><li>Classic presentation is bila
teral symmetrical swelling of the mandible; </li><li>maxillary involvement
produces up turned eyes (hence the name); </li><li>may have pigmented skin
lesions; </li><li>may be associated with missing, displaced, or delayed eru
ption of teeth.</li></ol></div>
;A, Panoramic radiograph of a 7-year-old white boy. Bilateral multilocular radio
lucencies can be seen in the posterior mandible. </div><div>B, Same patient
6 years later. The lesions in the mandibular rami demonstrate significant resol
ution, but areas of involvement are still present in the body of the mandible.&n
bsp;</div>
Cherubism
1393526891057 1390161073008 Cherubism: sites
<ol><li><b>Bilateral</b>
posterior mandible: </li><li> anterior mandible; maxilla.</li></ol>
1393526935916 1390161073008 Cherubism: radiographic features <img src
="paste-38431367365750.jpg" /><div><br /></div><div><ol><li>Bilateral symmetrica
l moderate to large multilocular lucencies of jaws; </li><li>may be diffuse
.</li></ol></div>
1393526980947 1390161073008 Cherubism: histology
<ol><li>Loose fibrous co
nnective tissue stroma may contain scattered small trabeculae of residual bone a
nd few multinucleated giant cells. </li><li><b>Cuff of amorphous eosinophil
ic material around blood vessels is characteristic.</b></li></ol>
src="paste-38581691220538.jpg" /></div><div>Treatment?</div>
None, wait till
after puberty
1393519200576 1390161073008 Odontogenic Myxoma: etiology
Benign neoplasm
derived from the ectomesenchymal portion of the tooth germ
1393519401969 1390161073008 Odontogenic Myxoma: incidence rare
1393519620673 1390161073008 Odontogenic Myxoma: what are the unique characte
ristics radiographically?<div><img src="paste-32903744455206.jpg" /></div>
<ol><li>Multilocular lucency</li><li><b>Whispy</b> remnants of bone</li><li>hone
y-comb</li><li>may displace teeth</li><li>residual bone at <b>right angles</b> o
f each other</li></ol>
1393519808195 1390161073008 Odontogenic Myxoma: age Adults, mostly young adu
lts
></div><div>young adult presents with Wispy, honey-comb appearance. notice the t
eeth are displaced. </div><div>Besides the fact that you see Whisps, why is
this not Ameloblastoma?</div><div>What is it?</div>
<ol><li>Ameloblastoma do
es not displace teeth, also Infiltrating (the most common form) occurs after 30<
/li><li>It is Odontogenic Myxoma</li></ol>
1393520140361 1390161073008 Rank Odontogenic Myxoma on the list of multilocu
lar radiolucencies for how common they are
<ol><li>Odontogenic keratocyst</
li><li>Ameloblastoma</li><li>Central Giant cell granuloma</li><li>Ameloblastic f
ibroma</li><li><b>Odontogenic myxoma</b></li><li>central odontogenic fibroma</li
><li>calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor</li><li>orthokeratinized odontogeni

c tumor</li><li>lateral periodontal cyst (botryoid type)</li><li>Calcifying odon
togenic cyst</li><li>central hemangioma/arteriovenous malformation</li><li>aneur
ysmal bone cyst</li><li>Cherubism</li><li>Brown tumor (hyperparathyroidism)</li>
<li>intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma</li><li>Fibrous Dysplasia</li></ol>
1393520379310 1390161073008 Odontogenic Myxoma: symptoms
Asymptomatic jaw
enlargement; pain.
1393520404784 1390161073008 Odontogenic Myxoma:sites
May occur anywhe
re in jaws; slightly more common in mandible.
;what is your first diagnosis of this before you know more info?</div><div><br /
></div><div>Tumor is poorly cellular, featuring stellate and spindle-shaped mese
nchymal cells widely separated by <b>abundant ground substance</b>. Collagen fib
rils are scant and delicate. <b>No capsule.</b></div><div><b><img src="paste-333
41831119382.jpg" /></b></div><div><b><img src="paste-33354716021284.jpg" /></b><
/div> <ol><li>First think its a Odontogenic keratocyst, Ameloblastoma, </
li><li>It is a Odontogenic Myxoma</li><ol><li>poorly cellular</li><li>no capsule
makes it difficult to treat and get rid of</li><li>soft mushy, gelatinous</li><
/ol></ol>
1393520713434 1390161073008 <img src="paste-33573759353372.jpg" /><div>Pt is
young adult. teeth are displaced</div><div>Give differential diagnosis</div>
<ol><li>Odontogenic Keratocyst (no sclerotic border though)</li><li>Infilt
rating Ameloblastoma (doesn t displace teeth)</li><li>Central Giant cell granulo
ma (Could be)</li><li>Ameloblastid Fibroma (teens or younger, usually posterior
mandible, unerupted teeth, doesn t displace teeth)</li><li><b>Odontogenic Myxoma
</b> (this is the best diagnosis because of <b>whispy</b>, <b>age, teeth di
splacement</b>)</li></ol>
/></div><div>Do you know what it is?</div><div><br /></div>
Odontogenic Myxo
ma<div><ol><li>young adults</li><li>whispy, honey comb</li><li>poorly cellular,
featuring stellate and spindle-shaped mesenchymal cells widely separated by abun
dant ground substance</li></ol></div>
1393521484022 1390161073008 Odontogenic Myxoma: why is the treatment unique?
<ol><li>There is no capsule, tumor is soft and mushy</li><li>Small- successfuly
by curettage, require at least 5 year followup</li><li>Large- Enbloc</li><ol><li
>tumor may show focal infiltration</li><li>margins are hard to get if curettage
is used</li><li>25% cases recur</li></ol></ol><img src="paste-34093450396164.jpg
" />
1393471877327 1390161073008 Malignant neoplasm derived from plasma cells
Multiple Myeloma
1393471886340 1390161073008 <img src="paste-23849953395126.jpg" /><div>Malig
nant. </div><div>Multiple small round sharply-demarcated lucencies; usually
1 cm diameter or less.</div> Multiple Myeloma
1393472128846 1390161073008 <div><img src="paste-24305219928514.jpg" /></div
>you see Bence-Jones Protein in the urine
Multiple Myeloma
1393472186990 1390161073008 another way to think of hypergammaglobuline
mia is what term?
Bence-Jones Proteins<div><br /></div><div>Multiple Myelo
ma</div>
1393472235979 1390161073008 <div>Sites of Predilection: This is a systemic d
isease involving multiple bones; skull involved in 41% of cases;</div><div>somet
imes involves jaws, usually mandible.</div><div><br /></div>
multiple myeloma
1393472303368 1390161073008 <img src="paste-24537148162578.jpg" /><br /><div
>Histologic Features: Resorptive bone cavities containing a dense infiltra
te of atypical plasma cells.</div>
Multiple Myeloma
1393472389364 1390161073008 <img src="paste-24605867639222.jpg" /><div>Pt ha
s Bence-Jones protein in urine.</div><div><br />Treatment?</div>
<ol><li>
Refer to hematology-oncology for diagnosis and treatment; </li><li>usually
treated palliatively for pain using chemotherapy.</li></ol>
1393453826193 1390161073008 most common cyst of the jaw?<div>Where is it fou
nd?</div><div>What does it look like?</div>

<ol><li>Radicular cyst (Periapic
al cyst)</li><li>periapical around any tooth</li><li>Pure RL, Unilocular- well d
efined</li></ol><img src="paste-4380866642784.jpg" />
1393454145188 1390161073008 Radicular cyst (Periapical cyst): age any age,
uncommon in children
1393454181057 1390161073008 <img src="paste-4436701217640.jpg" /><div>This P
eriapical RL, unilocular, well defined would be expected on a child or adult?</d
iv><div>what is it</div>
Adult<div>Most likely a dental granuloma, then p
eriapical cyst</div>
1393454268781 1390161073008 <img src="paste-4574140170782.jpg" /><div>This a
dult pt has:</div><div>RL- Unilocular, well defined</div><div>histology: plasma
cells, foam cells, cholesterol, stratified squamous epithelium</div><div>non-vit
al tooth</div><div>not painful</div><div>slowly progressive</div><div><br /></di
v><div>how do you know what it is?</div><div>what is it?</div> <ol><li>All the
information could describe both chronic apical periodontitis (Periapical granulo
ma) OR Radicular (periapical) cyst except the fact that <u>ONLY radicular cysts
have epithelium</u></li><li>Radicular Cyst</li></ol>
1393454618529 1390161073008 radicular cyst age?
any age but kids
1393454642034 1390161073008 radiographic features of what?<div><ol><li>Welldefined unilocular lucency superimposed over apex of tooth; no lamina dura betwe
en root and lesion; may occur lateral to root body.</li><li>Unilocular lucency,
usually well-defined, superimposed over apex of tooth; no lamina dura betwe
en root and lesion; may occur lateral to root body.</li></ol></div>
they des
cribe both chronic apical periodontitis and radicular cysts (they look the same
radiographically)
1393454737327 1390161073008 Radicular (periapical cyst): teeth affected?
Any tooth, Most common in anterior maxilla (especially maxillary lateral incisor
s)<div><img src="paste-4844723110746.jpg" /></div>
1393454821745 1390161073008 most common teeth to find radicular cyst
maxillary lateral incisors (anterior maxilla)
1393454874483 1390161073008 <img src="paste-4926327489044.jpg" /><div><br />
</div><div>This well defined unilocular lucency would most likely be what in an
adult (over 30)?</div><div>younger than 30?</div>
Over 30: Radicular (peri
apical) cyst<div>younger than 30: Unicystic Ameloblastoma</div>
1393455336908 1390161073008 how to tx <img src="paste-5132485919268.jpg
" /><div>if its is a radicular cyst? dental granuloma?</div>
radicular cyst:
curettage<div>dental granuloma: typically resolve after endo tx</div>
;A, Periapical radiograph of the left side of the posterior mandible taken at ti
me of completion of endodontic therapy of the bicuspid and molars. </div><d
iv>B, Subsequent radiograph taken 27 months later. Note radiolucency between bic
uspid and first molar extending laterally from the mesial root of the first mola
r. </div>
1393467960423 1390161073008 <img src="paste-18627273163306.jpg" /><div>Inver
ted pear-shaped radiolucency between the maxillary lateral incisor and cuspid (a
rrow). The lateral incisor ultimately proved to be nonvital.</div>
Lateral
radicular cyst
1393468156936 1390161073008 T/F. A true globulomaxillary cyst as a dist
inct pathologic entity derived from epithelium entrapped in a developmental fiss
ure
F. They Don t exist. They should be called Globulomaxillary Radi
olucency
1393468224779 1390161073008 Which term should you use?<div>Globulomaxillary
Radiolucency or Globulomaxillary Cyst?</div>
Globulomaxillary Radiolucency<di
v><br /></div><div>No such thing as Globulomaxillary Cyst</div>
1393468270556 1390161073008 Globulomaxillary Radiolucency: incidence
Depends on actual histologic diagnosis
1393468310593 1390161073008 Globulomaxillary Radiolucency:age
Depends
on actual histologic diagnosis
1393468320398 1390161073008 Globulomaxillary Radiolucency: are exclusively f
ound where???***
Exclusive to <b>interadicular bone</b> <b>between maxill
ary lateral incisor and cuspid.</b>

1393468365210 1390161073008 Globulomaxillary Radiolucency: symptoms Range fr
om asymptomatic to mild jaw enlargement or pain
1393468381188 1390161073008 when would you use the term Globulomaxillar
y Radiolucency? when you see a radiography with a radiolucency between the <b>ma
xillary lateral incisor and cuspid </b> and you don t know the histology ye
t to determine for sure what it is
1393468603105 1390161073008 Globulomaxillary Radiolucency: examples of what
they could be after you find out the histology <ol><li>periapical cyst</li><li>
odontogenic keratocyst</li><li>lateral periodontal cyst</li></ol>
1393468646924 1390161073008 Globulomaxillary Radiolucency: how to determine
differential diagnosis<div><img src="paste-19847043875396.jpg" /></div> <b>Deter
mine vitality </b>of adjacent teeth to aid in construction of more specific diff
erential diagnosis
would you call this?</div>
Globulomaxillary Radiolucency <div><br /></
div><div>Not enough info to call it something else</div>
1393468822784 1390161073008 Globulomaxillary Radiolucency: radiographic
features
<div><ol><li>Well-defined inverted pear-shaped or oval lucency b
etween tooth roots of maxillary lateral incisor and cuspid</li><li>; cortication.
</li></ol></div><div><br /></div>
1393468906027 1390161073008 Globulomaxillary Radiolucency: histolog
ically are usually what?
radicular cysts or odontogenic karatocysts
1393467608716 1390161073008 <div>Term can be used for any cyst remaining in
the jaws following extraction of a tooth; these are usually radicular or dentige
rous cysts; best used for residual radicular cysts; difficult</div><div>to diffe
rentiate from recurrent cyst.</div><div><br /></div>
Residual cyst
1393467623241 1390161073008 Residual Cyst are typically from what? dentiger
ous cyst
1393467671138 1390161073008 Residual Cyst: incidence
common
1393467683837 1390161073008 Residual Cyst: age
age is related to the ty
pe of the original cyst
1393467700636 1390161073008 Residual Cyst: symptoms usually asymptomatic
1393467726921 1390161073008 Residual Cyst: sites of predilection
us
ually expected in edentulous area.<div>depends on original cyst</div>
1393467768579 1390161073008 Residual Cyst: histology
same as original
cyst
1393467785733 1390161073008 Residual Cyst: treatment
Excision by enuc
leation or curettage
1393468012575 1390161073008 what is a common finding of residual cysts?
teeth have ben extracted<div><img src="paste-18957985645402.jpg" /></div>
is this likely?</div> Residual cyst
1393468067392 1390161073008 Residual cyst radiographic feature
well-def
ined unilocular lucency<div><img src="paste-18953690678106.jpg" /></div>
hite-space:pre"> </span>Developmental odontogenic cyst derived from fluid accumu
lation between crown of tooth and reduced enamel epithelium
Dentigerous cyst
1393455639657 1390161073008 how common is the dentigerous cyst?
very com
mon, most common developmental odontogenic cyst
1393455678455 1390161073008 most common developmental odontogenic cyst?
dentigerous cyst
1393455696250 1390161073008 is it more common for a cyst to be periapically
located or pericoronal? Periapically<div><ol><li>Periapical: Radicular cyst is m
ost common cyst (it is an inflammatory dentigerous cyst)</li><li>Pericoronal: De
ntigerous cyst is the most common developmental cyst, but it is less common than
the inflammatory cysts</li></ol></div>
1393455799551 1390161073008 what type of cyst would you most likely find in
someone 10-30?<div>Adults?</div>
10-30:Dentigerous cyst<div>Adult: Radicu
lar cyst</div>
1393455936303 1390161073008 is it more common to find a pericoronal cyst or

a periapical cyst in a child?<div>Adult?</div> <ol><li>Pericoronal in child: th
ink about how they have developing teeth</li><li>Periapical adult: think of how
they have cavities that lead to pulp problems</li></ol>
1393456095509 1390161073008 dentigerous cyst (follicular): age
Wide age
range: most commonly found between ages 10 and 30 years old
1393456135670 1390161073008 dentigerous cyst (follicular): symptoms Usually
none; if large may have pain, jaw expansion, etc.
1393456155061 1390161073008 dentigerous cyst (follicular): site of predilect
ion
Areas most common for tooth impactions, i.e., mandibular third molar are
a, maxillary cuspid area, maxillary third molar area, etc.
1393456183699 1390161073008 dentigerous cyst (follicular): radiographic feat
ures
Well-defined lucency, usually unilocular, that is always associated with
crown of an unerupted tooth; should attached to tooth at CEJ; corticated border
.
1393456219018 1390161073008 dentigerous cyst (follicular): histologic featur
es
<div>Sac lined by stratified squamous epithelium of variable thickness.
Fibrous capsule</div><div>may or may not show inflammation and may contain small
rests of odontogenic epithelium.</div><div><br /></div>
1393456237201 1390161073008 dentigerous cyst (follicular): treatment
Excision with removal of the associated tooth.
1393456248349 1390161073008 <img src="paste-6631429505568.jpg" /><div>Most l
ikely what?</div>
Dentigerous cyst
1393456291672 1390161073008 <img src="paste-6665789243932.jpg" /><div>age: 1
0-30</div><div>attached to tooth at CEJ</div>
1393456380550 1390161073008 most common areas to find dentigerous cyst
Areas most common for tooth impactions, i.e., mandibular third molar area, maxil
lary cuspid area, maxillary third molar area
1393458230772 1390161073008 Other name for Odontogenic Keratocyst
(keratocystic odontogenic tumor)
1393458240349 1390161073008 Other name for keratocystic odontogenic tumor
Odontogenic Keratocyst
hite-space:pre"> </span>Odontogenic cyst derived from remnants of dental lamina;
cells demonstrate significant growth potential; most aggressive odontogenic cys
t.
Odontogenic keratocyst
1393458323452 1390161073008 most aggressive odontogenic cyst?
Odontoge
nic keratocyst
1393458348081 1390161073008 Odontogenic Keratocyst: Incidence
Common
1393458373864 1390161073008 Odontogenic Keratocyst: most common in what
age? adolescence and young adult
1393458391685 1390161073008 Odontogenic Keratocyst: symptoms Approxim
ately 50% of cases symptomatic featuring pain, bone or soft tissue swelling, dra
inage, paresthesia; may be large without producing bone expansion.
1393458481375 1390161073008 Odontogenic Keratocyst: Sites of Predilecti
on**
<b>May occur anywhere in mandible or maxilla**</b>; <div>more commo
n in mandible; more common in posterior jaws.</div>
1393458538687 1390161073008 Odontogenic Keratocyst: more common where?
mandible and post jaw
1393458554153 1390161073008 Odontogenic Keratocyst: radiographic featur
es
<div><ol><li>Well-defined lucency</li><li>may <b>displace teeth</b> and
<b>resorb roots;</b></li><li> <b>sclerotic border</b>; </li><li> <b>unerupted
tooth;</b> </li><li><b>usually unilocular when small</b>,<b> </b></li
><li><b>multilocular when larger</b>; </li><li><b>solitary or multiple</b>.
</li></ol></div><div><br /></div>
1393458659348 1390161073008 <img src="paste-10342281249316.jpg" /><div>How w
ould you know this is a dentigerous cyst or Odontogenic keratocyst?</div>
Histologically. They look the same radiographically
/></div><div><br /></div><div>Radiographically this could be a dentigerous cyst

or a small unilocular varient of Odontogenic Keratocyst. </div><div><br /><
/div><div>Which histo pic makes it what?</div> Top: Odontogenic Keratocyst- Pal
isading, parakeratin<div><br />Bottom: Dentigerous syst- stratified squamous cel
ls, with mucous</div>
1393458954939 1390161073008 <img src="paste-10668698764106.jpg" /><div>Radio
graph only what is this MOST likely?</div><div>When you see the histology you ch
ange your diagnosis to what?</div><div><img src="paste-10690173600286.jpg" /></d
iv>
Radiograph only: Lateral radicular cyst<div>Radiograph and histology: Od
ontogenic keratocyst</div>
1393459109853 1390161073008 Key histologic features of Odontogenic Keratocys
t?**
<ol><li>Thin (up to 8 cells thick)</li><li>deeply basophilic (dark) nucl
ei</li><li>Palisading (reverse polarization) of basal cells</li><li>Corrugated/w
avy luminal surface</li><li>Parakeratin at surface</li><li>fibrous capsule thin
and may have satellite cells</li></ol><img src="paste-10922101834300.jpg" />
/></div><div>What is this?</div><div>Important treatment?</div> <ol><li>Odontoge
nic Keratocyst</li><li>Due to difficulty in enucleation and curettage because of
thin capsule, en bloc excision is preferred, particularly for large or multiloc
ular lesions</li><li>. If lesions are multiple, must evaluate for basal cell nev
us syndrome.</li><li>Patients require long-term radiographic follow-up. Has sign
ificant recurrence rate.</li></ol><div><br /></div>
1393459421101 1390161073008 syndrome associated with a pt with many odontoge
nic keratocysts?
Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin syndrome)&n
bsp;
1393459719748 1390161073008 what is hypertelorism?<div>Where do you see it?<
/div> Increased distance between the eyes<div>Gorlin Syndrome</div><div><img s
rc="paste-11287174054892.jpg" /></div>
src="paste-11334418694980.jpg" /></div><div>what does the pt have?</div><div>Wha
t jaw dz problem do they likely have?</div>
Nevoid basal cell carcinoma (Gor
lin Syndrome)<div>Multiple Odontogenic Keratocysts</div>
1393460028252 1390161073008 Why do pts with Gorlin syndrome need followup?
Has significant reccurence rate, need long term followup
src="paste-11536282157900.jpg" /></div><div>what does this pt have?</div>
Gorlin syndrome<div>multiple odontogenic keratocysts</div>
1393472729902 1390161073008 Other name for paradental cyst buccal furcation
cyst
1393472742147 1390161073008 Inflammatory odontogenic cyst arising at the buc
cal aspect a mandibular permanent molar having an enamel extension downward into
the furcation area. May arise from pericoronitis.
Paradental (buccal bifur
cation) cyst
1393472771165 1390161073008 paradental cyst: age
6-7 years OR 17-21<div>(
age of eruption of permanent molars)</div>
1393473151939 1390161073008 Paradental Cyst: incidence
uncommon
1393473197173 1390161073008 Buccal swelling and purulent discharge are commo
n. May have deep buccal periodontal pocket.<div><br /></div><div>symptoms of wha
t</div> paradental cyst (buccal bifurcations cyst)
1393473248951 1390161073008 <img src="paste-26121991095072.jpg" /><div>Bucca
l swelling and purulent discharge are common. May have deep buccal periodontal p
ocket.</div>
Paradental cyst
1393479072613 1390161073008 paradental cyst: sites***
buccal side of m
andibular 1st and 3rd molars
1393479107944 1390161073008 paradental cyst: radiographic
<div><ol
><li>Small to moderate sized unilocular lucency </li><li>superimposed on th
e furcation area</li><li>Occlusal films show lesion to be on buccal side of toot
h.</li></ol></div><div><img src="paste-26379689133176.jpg" /></div>
><div><img src="paste-26431228740546.jpg" /></div>Cyst with stratified squamous

epithelial lining and prominent chronic inflammatory infiltrate.
paradent
al cyst
1393479286745 1390161073008 paradental cyst treatment
Enucleation. Adj
acent tooth can usually be spared.
1393479468310 1390161073008 <img src="paste-26796300960540.jpg" /><div>pt co
mplaines of a foul taste!</div> paradental cyst (buccal bifurcation)
1393479505495 1390161073008 bilateral involvement of the 1st molars in 30% o
f pts is seen in what? paradental cyst<div><img src="paste-26847840568260.jpg"
/></div>
1393479562495 1390161073008 what is unique to only 3 diseases and is present
with paradental cysts? proliferative periostitis<div><br /></div><div>(also pro
liferative osteomylitis and Ewings sarcoma)</div>
hite-space:pre"> </span>Benign cystic neoplasm of odontogenic origin; histologic
ally resembles enamel organ, but is incapable of producing enamel substance; lac
ks the aggressive behavior of infiltrating form of ameloblastoma.
Unicysti
c Ameloblastoma
1393460589593 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: incidence
Uncommon
1393460681213 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: how will it look on rad
iograph?
pericoronal uniloculuar RL- well defined<div>(looks like a denti
gerous cyst)</div><div><img src="paste-12223476924946.jpg" /></div>
1393460779789 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: age
<div><ol><li>Ave
rage=23</li><li>50% 10-19</li><li><b>most younger than 30</b></li><li>Typical in
late adolescence and early adulthood; occurs at <b>slightly younger age than in
filtrating ameloblastoma.</b></li></ol></div>
1393460915789 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma:sites of predilection
90% in mandible, particularly molar ramus area
1393460963815 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: radiograph features
<ol><li>well defined-RL</li><li>unilocular</li><li>corticated normally</li><li>u
nerupted teeth</li><li><img src="paste-12463995093538.jpg" /></li></ol>
1393461035272 1390161073008 <img src="paste-12498354831906.jpg" /><div>this
pericoronal unilocular well defined RL would most likely be a dentigerous cyst.
what would you need to see to lead you to suspect a much less common Unicystic A
meloblastoma?</div>
Histologic features: Palisading (Reverse polarization) w
ith dark nucleus.<div><img src="paste-12622908883484.jpg" /></div>
1393461243220 1390161073008 <img src="paste-12657268621862.jpg" /><div>your
pt is 17 and after examining histologically you realize that this is not a denti
gerous cyst, but a unicystic ameloblastoma. What should you do about monitoring
this for recurrence??</div>
Complete enucleation is usually adequate Treatme
nt; does NOT have tendency for recurrence.
is a small unilocular radiolucency lesion of ameloblastoma could easily be mista
ken for what else?</div>
<ol><li>lateral periodontal cyst</li><li>lateral
radicular cyst</li></ol>
1393469013220 1390161073008 other names for Lingual mandibular salivary glan
d depression? static bone cyst<div>Stafne Bone cyst</div>
1393469060991 1390161073008 Developmental anomaly producing area of depressi
on or cupping at lingual mandible and containing salivary gland tissue static b
one cyst<div>stafne bone cyst</div>
1393469079413 1390161073008 Lingual Mandibular Salivary Gland Depression: is
almost 100% exclusive with what?
Men
1393469123620 1390161073008 Lingual Mandibular Salivary Gland Depression: in
cidence rare
1393469133566 1390161073008 Lingual Mandibular Salivary Gland Depression:age
Most discovered in middle to older adulthood
1393469155632 1390161073008 Lingual Mandibular Salivary Gland Depression: sy
mptoms asymptomatic
1393469168847 1390161073008 Lingual Mandibular Salivary Gland Depression: si
te
<ol><li>Posterior mandible </li><li><b>below level of inferior alve
olar canal</b>; </li><li>may be bilateral.</li></ol>

radiolucency is in an adult and has not changed</div><div>salivary gland tissue
is present</div>
Static bone defect<div>Stafne defect</div><div>Lingual M
andibular Salivary Gland Depression </div>
1393469355921 1390161073008 <img src="paste-20736102105640.jpg" /><div>Pt pr
esents with this Unilocular-well defined, RL.</div><div>What treatment are you g
oing to do?</div>
None<div>Pt has a Lingual Mandibular Salivary Gland Depr
ession, so no treatment is indicated</div>
is this?</div> Lingual Mandibular Salivary Gland Depression
type of pt do you expect to see this in?</div> 100% men<div>older adults</div><
div><br /></div><div>Lingual Mandibular Salivary Gland Depression </div>
1393461452278 1390161073008 what type of neoplasm is Adenomatoid Odontogenic
Tumor? Proliferation of odontogenic epithelium; probably not neoplastic; may be
a developmental anomaly.
1393461502671 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: incidence
uncommon
1393461515390 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor:age
childhoo
d to young adulthood; most common in teens
1393461543703 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor:most common age
teens
1393461550687 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: gender? Females
more
1393461572861 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor:symptoms Often as
ymptomatic; may have swelling or delayed eruption of teeth.
1393461584646 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: sites of predilec
tion
<ol><li><b>Anterior maxilla</b> is the most common site; </li><li>m
ost are associated with an unerupted tooth, particularly <b>cuspids.</b></li></o
l>
1393461619809 1390161073008 Key things to remember for Adenomatoid Odontogen
ic Tumor
<ol><li>Uncommon Unilocular RL-well defined</li><li>teenage girl
s</li><li>anterior maxilla- cuspids</li><li>surrounds more than one crown on too
th</li><li>snowflakes-oqaque flakes</li></ol>
1393462883215 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumors can look like Den
tigerous cysts at times, but there is a radiographic feature that can differ bet
ween them. What is it? <ol><li>Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumors can have the radi
olucency extend past the CEJ, </li><li>Dentigerous cysts always just go to
the CEJ</li></ol><img src="paste-14207751815708.jpg" /><div><img src="paste-1422
0636717908.jpg" /></div>
1393463064231 1390161073008 where do you find Adenomatoid Odontogenic tumors
in the jaw?
surrounding the crown, but can be past the CEJ. Can contain opaq
ue flecks (Snowflakes)
1393463157621 1390161073008 <img src="paste-14319420965398.jpg" /><div>Welldefined pericoronal radiolucency enveloping the maxillary right first bicuspid.
</div><div><br /></div><div>What is this most likely?</div>
Adenomat
oid Odontogenic Tumor (because of the snowflake calcifications seen) (otherwise
dentigerous cyst may have been a good option if it was pure RL with no opacity)
src="paste-14590003905042.jpg" /><br /><div>What are these? (2 different things)
</div></div>
<ol><li>Top: Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor</li><li>Bottom:
Dentigerous Cyst</li></ol>
src="paste-14667313316682.jpg" /></div> Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor
1393463609328 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: histology
<ol><li>Well circumscribed epithelial proliferation may show cystic areas.
</li><li>Spindles to cuboidal epithelial cells grow in sheets or stands. </
li><li>Solid areas may show rosettes of cells which form duct-like structures.&n
bsp;</li><li>May contain focal small calcifications.</li></ol><img src="paste-14
705968022578.jpg" />
1393456867362 1390161073008 Lateral periodontal cyst: etiology
Odontoge
nic cyst arising from rests of Malassez or rests of Serre
1393457020655 1390161073008 Lateral Periodontal cyst: incidence
uncommon
1393457049602 1390161073008 Lateral Periodontal cyst: age adults
1393457055505 1390161073008 Lateral Periodontal cyst:sex
males (adults)
1393457070960 1390161073008 Lateral Periodontal cyst:symptoms
Usually
asymptomatic lesion incidentally found on radiograph; large lesions may produce
jaw swelling.
1393457090319 1390161073008 Lateral Periodontal cyst: site of predilection
Most are in <b>mandibular bicuspid or cuspid</b> area; <div>may <b>also be
in mandibular or maxillary incisor</b> area.</div>
1393457160134 1390161073008 Lateral Periodontal cyst: radiographic features?
Small unilocular lucency adjacent to lateral root surface and contiguous with pe
riodontal ligament space, corticated border.
1393457202985 1390161073008 Lateral Periodontal cyst: histology
Sac with
thin lining of cuboidal to squamous cells. May have focal thickening of lining
or show occasional clear cells. Fibrous capsule shows <b>NO inflammation.</b>
1393457239188 1390161073008 difference between lateral periodontal cyst and
lateral radicular cyst histologically? Lateral periodontal cyst: NO inflammatio
n<div>Lateral radicular cyst: HAS inflammation</div>
1393457298789 1390161073008 difference between lateral periodontal cyst and
lateral radicular cyst in vitality?
Lateral periodontal cyst: Vital teeth<di
v>Lateral radicular cyst: at least 1 adjacent tooth non-vital</div>
1393457354872 1390161073008 <img src="paste-8096013353810.jpg" /><div>What i
s your first diagnosis if this is on a </div><div>Child?</div><div>Adult?</
div>
<ol><li>Child: Lateral periodontal cyst (vital)</li><li>Adult: lateral r
adicular cyst (non-vital)</li></ol>
1393457553241 1390161073008 <img src="paste-8096013353810.jpg" /><div>What i
s your first diagnosis if this is on a </div><div>Vital tooth?</div><div>No
n-Vital tooth?</div>
<ol><li>Vital tooth: Lateral periodontal cyst (10-30)</l
i><li>Non-Vital: Lateral radicular cyst (adults)</li></ol>
1393457611148 1390161073008 <img src="paste-8096013353810.jpg" /><div>what i
s this Most likely to be?</div> <ol><li>Lateral radicular cyst</li><li>Lateral p
eriodontal cyst (less common)</li></ol>
rc="paste-8869107467340.jpg" /></div><div>Age: 10-30</div>
Lateral Periodon
tal Cyst<div><br /></div><div>No inflammation</div>
1393457830118 1390161073008 <img src="paste-9092445766486.jpg" /><div>Differ
ential for this?</div> <ol><li>Lateral Radicular cyst (non-vital)</li><li>Later
al Periodontal Cyst (Vital)</li><li>Odontogenic Keratocyst</li><li>Central Giant
cell Granuloma</li></ol>
rc="paste-9234179686946.jpg" /></div><div>what is the multilocular/aggressive fo
rm of a Lateral Periodontal cyst</div> Botryoid odontogenic cyst
1393458087542 1390161073008 where do you commonly find lateral periodontal c
yst?
<img src="paste-9302899163804.jpg" />
hite-space:pre"> </span>Benign fibro-osseous lesion that appears to be non-neopl
astic; may be monostotic or polyostotic; most jaw lesions are monostotic.
Fibrous Dysplasia
1393532932681 1390161073008 most Fibrous Dysplasia lesions that occur in the
jaw are what form?
monostotic
1393532952604 1390161073008 Fibrous Dysplasia: incidence
almost common
1393532970930 1390161073008 Fibrous Dysplasia: age child-young adult
1393532979660 1390161073008 Fibrous Dysplasia: symptoms
<ol><li><b>Asymp
tomatic jaw enlargement</b> producing facial asymmetry; </li><li>growth is
gradual; </li><li>tooth eruption may be altered or delayed</li></ol>
1393533011444 1390161073008 Fibrous Dysplasia vs. Cherubism<div>Which has sy
mmetric and which asymmetric face?</div><div><br /></div><div>Both can have pigm
ented skin</div>
Fibrous Dysplasia: asymmetric growth<div><br />Cherubism
: symmetric growth</div>
1393533080178 1390161073008 Fibrous Dysplasia: radiograph classic <ol><li>
ill-defined area of ground glass bone</li><li><img src="paste-479232450892
98.jpg" /></li></ol>
1393533128883 1390161073008 Fibrous Dysplasia: histology
<ol><li>Characte
rized by presence of numerous small irregularly-shaped trabeculae of woven bone
separated by fibrous connective tissue stroma. </li><li><b>Fibroblastic rim
ming is usually ABSENT.</b></li><li><b><img src="paste-48026324304946.jpg" /></b
></li><li><b><img src="paste-48039209206918.jpg" /></b></li></ol>
1393533225306 1390161073008 Fibrous Dysplasia: Treatment
<ol><li>Treatmen
t usually postponed until after puberty when condition stabilizes, </li><li
>may require surgical recontouring for cosmetic purposes;</li><li> DO NOT I
RRADIATE.</li></ol>
1393533350311 1390161073008 is Fibrous Dysplasia a true tumor?
no, it i
s a Hamartoma
1393533371123 1390161073008 describe the bone components of fibrous dysplasi
a
all the normal bone components are present but not differentiate to matu
re structures
1393533418523 1390161073008 <img src="paste-48172353193108.jpg" /> Ja
ffe syndrome
1393533448234 1390161073008 <img src="paste-48206712930870 (1).jpg" /><div><
img src="paste-48219597832736.jpg" /></div><div>poorly demarcated border with gr
ound glass appearance in children</div> Fibrous Dysplasia
1393533657838 1390161073008 <img src="paste-49087181226538.jpg" /><div>Groun
d glass on children?</div><div>Adults?</div>
Children:Fibrous Dysplasia<div>A
dults: Osteitis Fibrous Cystica (Hyperparathyroidism)</div>
1393532791839 1390161073008 Describe a Ground Glass lesion very fine trabec
ular pattern such that a frosted glass, ground glass or orange peel appearance i
s produced
1393532818014 1390161073008 what are the borders like for ground glass lesio
ns?
most have indistinct or diffuse borders
1393532837030 1390161073008 what can be difficult in determining about groun
d glass lesions?
It may be difficult to determine if ground glass changes
represent increased or decreased density compared to normal bone.
1393278044356 1384318139939 most accepted treatment for acromegaly/gigantici
sm
remove adenoma
1393282532189 1384318139939 Osteoblastoma and Osteoid Osteoma tx
excision
1393283173106 1384318139939 osteogenic sarcoma tx radical resection
1393283574078 1384318139939 in which of these conditions will radiation ther
apy be most effective:<div><br /></div><div>Chondrogenic sarcoma</div><div>or</d
iv><div>Osteogenic sarcoma</div>
Osteogenic sarcoma
1393283665501 1384318139939 in which of these conditions will chemo therapy
be most effective:<div><br /></div><div>Chondrogenic sarcoma</div><div>or</div><
div>Osteogenic sarcoma</div>
osteogenic sarcoma
1393283677661 1384318139939 chondrogenic sarcoma tx radical excision
1393283767101 1384318139939 most treatment failures of chondrogenic sarcoma
are caused by what problem
local recurrence
1392850773137 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: classic radio featur
e
1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Classical
ly described as a <b>multilocular radiolucency.</b>
1392850852705 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Radiographic- exand
where buccal and/or lingual cortices.
1392850889853 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Radiographic- root r
esoption?
yes, it is common
1392850903262 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Radiographic- often
associated with what? unerupted tooth
1392850914041 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Radiographic- If it
is unilocular (uncommon), what special thing does it show?
5)<span class="A
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May be unilocular. If so, b
orders may show <b>irregular scalloping.</b>

1392850963450 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Radiographic- Is it
a PURE radiolucency?
YES<div>6)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Considered to be a pure radiolucency. The thin opaque lines
that separate the loculations are residual host bone and are not made by the tu
mor.</div>
1392851042811 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Radiographic- It is
considered to be a PURE radiolucency, yet there can be some thin opaque lines th
at separate the loculations... that doesn t make sense.... explain how it does m
ake sense...
The thin opaque lines that separate the loculations are <b>resid
ual host bone and are not made by the tumor. There for it is a PURE</b>
1392866190166 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: how does it appear radi
o?
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Most
commonly appear as <b>well-circumscribed unilocular lucency.</b></div><div>2)<s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Often <b>surrounds th
e crown of an unerupted tooth.</b></div><div><br /></div>
1392866254840 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: radio- what do you see
it with in the mouth? surrounds crown of unerupted tooth
1392849208914 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor: solitary or mult
iple? lucency or opaque?
Well-defined lucency which may be solitary or mu
ltiple.
1392849434538 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor: radiographically
you see multiple lucencies.. what should you think about?
Nevoid Basal cel
l syndrome
1392849485063 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor: describe small a
nd large lesions radiographically
Usually is unilocular when small, but ma
y become multilocular when larger. If multilocular, the loculations are bi
g.
1392849517733 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor: Radiograph: desc
ribe the relationship you see this with teeth <div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-sp
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May or may not be associated with an unerupt
ed tooth. </div><div>e.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"
> </span>May displace teeth and resorb roots.</div><div><br /></div>
1392849580274 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor corticated border
radiography? Typically has a corticated border.
1392873955388 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: Radiographic- 75%
appear as what?
well-circumscribed lucency surrounding crown of an uneru
pted tooth (most often a canine).
1392874019604 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: Radiographic- too
th most associated with?
canine (75%)
1392874031753 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: Radiographic- the
y look like dentigerous cyst, by a well-circomscribed lucency surrounding a crow
n of an unerupted tooth. <div><br /></div><div>How are they different?</div
>
Unlike dentigerous cyst, AOT often extends along root beyond CE junction
.<div><br /></div><div>(also are typically around a canine)</div>
1392874150879 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: Radiographic- spe
cial feature you see in this? Snowflakes (fine flecks) of calcifications<div><
1392875917300 1390161073008 Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor: Radiogr
aphic- most often present as uni or multilocular?
mostly multilocular, but
can be unilocular
aphic- Pure lucency or radiopaque?
both!<div><span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>May present as a pure lucency or contain calcifie
d (radiopaque) structures of varying size and density.</div>
aphic- most are associated with what? impacted tooth
aphic-<div><br /></div><div>These can be pure lucent or have calicfied radiopaqu
e structures. Often are associated with an impacted tooth, in which case, tumor op
acities are most often localized where?</div> around the crown of the impacted
tooth
1392865893082 1390161073008 <div>Unicystic Ameloblastoma: origin</div>
de novo or transformation of cyst lining epithelium
1392865971362 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: how is its different th
an Infiltrating Ameloblastoma? It is not aggressive like Infiltrating Ameloblas
toma
1392866028919 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: average age
23
1392866043441 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: 50% are diagnosed when?
age 10-19
1392866061530 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: occurs most ofen in pts
how old?
younger than 30
1392866088942 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: site? more than <b>90%
occur in the mandible</b>, usually the <b>posterior</b> areas.
1392866123875 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: symptoms?
most are
asymptomatic, but may cause painless swelling
1392841032918 1384318139939 Ameloblastic Fibroma site of predilection
posterior mandible
1392841849851 1384318139939 odontoma seen in anterior maxilla<div><br /></di
v><div>odontoma seen in posterior jaws (mandible)</div> compound<div><br /></div
><div>complex</div>
1392842415512 1384318139939 Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontoma area of predilection
posterior maxilla or mandible
1392843957079 1384318139939 peripheral odontogenic fibroma location facial g
ingiva of mandibular teeth
1392844289742 1384318139939 Central Odontogenic Fibroma site of predilection
maxilla, anterior to 1st molar<div><br /></div><div>if mandibular = posterior/bo
dy areas</div><div><br /></div><div>but since its so rare it could show up anywh
ere in the mouth</div>
1392844631707 1384318139939 Odontogenic Myxoma occurs twice as comonly in wh
ich arch of the mouth 2x = mandible
1392846914527 1384318139939 Cementoblastoma site of predilection
mandible
(bicuspid or molar)
1392847726261 1384318139939 Malignant ameloblastoma most common site of meta
stasis<div>-second most common site of metastasis</div> lung<div>-cervical lymph
nodes</div>
1392847935420 1384318139939 <div>Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma </div
><div><br /></div><div>AKA Clear Cell Ameloblastic Carcinoma</div><div>location&
nbsp;</div>
mandible
1392848838342 1384318139939 Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma location
mandible
1392873669620 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: % of all odontoge
nic tumors?
3% of all odontogenic tumors
1392873693899 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: etiology enamel o
rgan or dental lamina
1392873705507 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: age most occur
2/3 of cases between 10-19<div><br /></div>
1392873733261 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: uncommon at what
age?
over 30
1392873746064 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: gender Male:<b>
Female</b> = 1:2
1392873774197 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: has a striking pr
edilection for what location? Anterior Jaws (maxilla more)
1392873815949 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: more common in ma
ndible or maxilla?
maxialla 2x
1392873832077 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: 75% are associate
d with what?
<b>unerupted tooth</b>, usually a <b>canine</b>
1392873862885 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: rarely occur wher
e
peripheral (extraosseous) location
1392873879838 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: why are they freq
uently asymptomatic?
most are small (less than 3cm)
1392873917218 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: pt may complain o

f what? delayed or unerupted tooth
1392873933963 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: do you expect exp
ansion? <div>Yes</div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>Larger lesions may cause painless bone expansion
1393266365123 1384318139939 moth eaten lessions (4) 1) chronic osteo
myelitis<div>2) Bisphosphonate assosiated osteonecrosis</div><div>3) osteogenic
sarcoma</div><div>4) metastatic tumors of the jaw</div>
1393266510416 1384318139939 onion skin lessions (2) 1) garres osteomyelitis
(periostitis ossificans) (proliferative osteitis)<div>2) ewings sarcoma</div>
1393266199774 1384318139939 sequestrum is most common in which inflamamtory
bone disease
acute osteomyelitis
1393266795528 1384318139939 any dead bone showing through without history of
extraction is called...
sequestrum
1392426298600 1384318139939 <img src="paste-4084513898497.jpg" /><div>no clu
es as to wether this tooth is vital or nonvital</div> periapical cyst
1392428226652 1384318139939 <img src="paste-4316442132481.jpg" /><div>no clu
es as to the vitality of this tooth! its all there</div>
periapical cyst
1392428249687 1384318139939 <img src="paste-4531190497281.jpg" /><div>nonvit
al</div><div>most likely diagnosis </div> periapical cyst
1392428259169 1384318139939 <img src="paste-4651449581569.jpg" /><div>nonvit
al tooth</div><div>most likely diagnosis</div> big ass periapical cyst accross
front of mandible
1392428288150 1384318139939 <img src="paste-5020816769025.jpg" /><div>Pt on
left recieved endodontic therapy of the bicuspid and molars. Image on the right
is a radiograph of the same patient 27 months later</div>
lateral radicula
r cyst
1392428573682 1384318139939 <img src="paste-5463198400513.jpg" /><div>1) if
tooth is nonvital</div><div>2) if tooth is vital</div> 1) lateral radicular cys
t<div>2) lateral periodontal cyst</div>
1392428723726 1384318139939 <img src="paste-5716601470977.jpg" /><div>Slow g
rowing mass</div><div>Dull pain or painless</div><div>negative thermal and elect
ric pulp test</div><div>mobility of adjacent teeth</div>
periapical cyst
or lateral radicular cyst
Slow growing mass</div><div>Dull pain or painless</div><div>negative thermal and
electric pulp test</div><div>mobility of adjacent teeth</div></div><div><br /><
/div> periapical cyst
Slow growing mass</div><div>Dull pain or painless</div><div>negative thermal and
electric pulp test</div><div>mobility of adjacent teeth</div></div><div><br /><
/div> periapical cyst
growth was found on a maxillary canine. The growth was cut open to show the cani
ne crown inside. diagnose this bitch!</div>
dentigerous cyst
1392672776081 1384318139939 <img src="paste-17922898526209.jpg" /><div>70yo
with a vital tooth</div>
lateral periodontal cyst
1392672814257 1384318139939 <img src="paste-18146236825601.jpg" /><div>which
areas are more comonly seen with lateral periodontal cysts</div>
<img src
="paste-18193481465857.jpg" />
src="paste-18365280157697.jpg" /></div><div>this structure was found in the late
ral root surface of a #5</div><div>tooth is vital</div><div>diagnose this bitch<
/div> lateral periodontal cyst
1392673141339 1384318139939 <img src="paste-18627273162753.jpg" /><div>60yo
male</div><div>tooth is vital</div>
lateral periodontal cyst
lession was found bilaterally</div><div>what is this?</div>
paradental cyst
= buccal bifurcation cyst
1392673325736 1384318139939 <img src="paste-19043884990465.jpg" /><div>an oc
lusal radiograph of this 10 year old. the patient complained of moderate tendern
ess on the buccal aspect of his mandibular 1st molar. Clinical examination shows
swelling and a foul-tasting discharge.</div>
buccal bifurcation cyst
(paradental cyst)
1392673998573 1384318139939 <img src="paste-25344602013697.jpg" /><div>most
likely what is this?</div>
dentigerous cyst
is this radiolucency?</div>
big ass dentigerous cyst
is the name of this radiolucency arround this unerupted molar</div>
dentiger
ous cyst
1392674343155 1384318139939 <img src="paste-25726854103041.jpg" /><div>name
two possible diagnostics for this radiolucency arround this unerupted mandibular
premolar</div> 1) dentigerous cyst<div>2) odontogenic keratocyst</div>
1392674406667 1384318139939 <img src="paste-25859998089217.jpg" /><div>radio
graphically you will see a pericoronal radiolucency in the jaw</div>
dentiger
ous cyst
1392674453985 1384318139939 <img src="paste-26126286061569.jpg" /><div>vs</d
noninflammed dentigerous
cyst<div><br /></div><div>vs</div><div><br /></div><div>inflamed dentigerous cy
st</div>
1392674508072 1384318139939 <img src="paste-26285199851521.jpg" /><div>a bio
psy of this pericoronal radiolucency shows scattered mucous cells in the epithel
ial lining</div><div>what is this</div> dentigerous cyst
1392674606040 1384318139939 <img src="paste-26512833118209.jpg" /><div>pt ha
s no history of 3rd molar extraction </div>
primordial cyst
1392674653664 1384318139939 <img src="paste-26645977104385.jpg" /><div>Pt ha
s no history of 3rd molar extraction</div><div>-name the condition related to th
e condition in the picture</div>
primordial cyst (pic above)<div>-odontog
enic keratocyst</div>
common distribution of odontogenic keratocysts</div>
<img src="paste-27131308
408833_1384318139939.jpg" />
1392674822440 1384318139939 <img src="paste-27242977558529.jpg" /><div>dz?</
div>
odontogenic keratocyst
1392674849114 1384318139939 <img src="paste-27367531610113.jpg" /><div>two p
ossible diagnosis for this radiograph</div>
1) dentigerous cyst<div>2) odont
ogenic keratocyst</div>
1392674889376 1384318139939 <img src="paste-27487790694401.jpg" /><div>CT sc
an shows growth into the maxillary sinus from an unerupted maxillary 3rd molar</
div><div>biopsy shows:</div><div><img src="paste-27620934680577.jpg" /></div><di
v>dz?</div>
1392675009664 1384318139939 <img src="paste-27741193764865.jpg" /><div>two p
ossible diagnosis</div> 1) lateral periodontal cyst<div>2) odontogenic keratocys
t</div>
1392675053437 1384318139939 <img src="paste-27861452849153.jpg" /><div>first
image shows abnormality</div><div>second image shows abnormality after drainage
</div><div>dz?</div>
1392675132186 1384318139939 <img src="paste-27998891802625.jpg" /><div>abnor
mality found on mandibular 3rd molar</div><div>pt is male</div><div>dz?</div>
orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst
1392675210038 1384318139939 <img src="paste-28119150886913.jpg" /><div>abnor
mality found on horizontally impacted third mandibular molar</div><div>pt is mal
e</div><div>dZ?</div> orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst
1392675363070 1384318139939 <img src="paste-28252294873089.jpg" /><div>mandi
bular 3rd molar radiolucency found on male pt.</div><div>result of biopsy shown
above.</div><div>dz?</div>
orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst
1392675449299 1384318139939 <img src="paste-36322538422273.jpg" /><div>pt is
40 years old</div><div>dz</div><div>-derived from which cells</div>
gingival
cyst of the adult<div>-serres</div>
1392675507623 1384318139939 <img src="paste-36429912604673.jpg" /><div>lessi

ons shown above where found in a 1 day old. bohn nodules where also found.
</div><div>dz?</div><div>-derived from which cells</div>
gingival cyst of
the newborn<div>-remnants of the dental lamina</div>
1392675626742 1384318139939 <img src="paste-36661840838657.jpg" /><div>60 ye
ar old male presents with gingival growths </div><div>biopsy of the growth,
near the mandibular canine is shown.</div><div>high power photomicrograph shows
:</div><div><img src="paste-36880884170753.jpg" /></div><div>dz?</div> gingival
cyst of the adult
common location for a calcifying odontogenic cyst</div> <img src="paste-53867479
826433.jpg" />
lesion was found inside the anterior maxilla</div>
calcifying odontogenic c
yst
1392676148496 1384318139939 pt mouth exam shows:<div><img src="paste-5422396
2112001.jpg" /></div><div>further radiographic examination shows:</div><div><img
src="paste-54271206752257.jpg" /></div><div>adult</div><div>take it away....</d
iv>
calcifying odontogenic cyst
1392676283278 1384318139939 <img src="paste-54619099103233.jpg" /><div>thats
all im giving you...</div><div>diagnose that bitch</div>
calcifying odont
ogenic cyst
graph shows radiolucency with radiopaque content</div><div>histology shows ghost
cells</div>
calcifying odontogenic cyst
div>
Calcifying odontogenic cyst.
src="paste-55173149884417.jpg" /></div><div>pt is middle aged</div><div>biopsy s
hows cilliated epithelium</div> Glandular odontogenic cyst (notice that it cross
es the midline)
a 48 yo male</div><div>biopsy was taken of a growth found on the anterior mandi
ble</div><div>dz?</div> Glandular odontogenic cyst.
1392676956104 1384318139939 <img src="paste-59923383713793.jpg" /><div>20 yo
pt had previous trauma on area</div><div>no bony expansion or symptoms are seen
</div> simple bone cyst
1392677364348 1384318139939 <img src="paste-62066572394497.jpg" /><div>stand
ard radiograph of this </div><div>male pt shows radiolucency.</div><div>cli
nical exam of the area is completely asymptomatic</div><div><br /></div>
stafne defect
><div>standard radiograph of this </div><div>male pt shows radiolucency.</d
iv><div>clinical exam of the area is completely asymptomatic</div><div><br /></d
iv>
stafne defect
1392677649766 1384318139939 <img src="paste-66477503807489.jpg" /><div>male<
/div><div>asymptomatic</div><div>found to be a develomental anomaly</div>
stafne defect
1392677711052 1384318139939 <img src="paste-68590627717121.jpg" /><div>male<
/div><div>asymptomatic</div>
stafne defect
src="paste-70828305678337.jpg" /></div> osteoporotic bone marrow defect (hematop
oietic bone marrow defect = Focal osteoporotic marrow defect)
1392678066140 1384318139939 <img src="AnnMaxillofacSurg_2012_2_2_174_101352_
u2.jpg" /><div>20 year old </div><div>with a history of damage to the infer
ior alveolar artery</div><div>expansion of jaw occured in 3 days</div><div>pain
is involved as well as face swelling</div>
aneurysmal bone cyst
1392678792693 1384318139939 <img src="800px-Nasolabial_duct_cyst.JPG" /><div
>pt complains of anterior face swelling </div><div>pt feels a strange feeli
ng of fullness and pushing feeling</div><div>pt also reports a salty taste in th
eir mouth</div> nasopalatine duct cyst

1392679176718 1384318139939 <img src="paste-78237124263937.jpg" /><div>pt pr
esents with lateral neck swelling anterior to SCM</div><div>growth is movable in
all directions</div> cervical lymphoepithelial cyst
src="paste-80461917323265.jpg" /></div> Cervical lymphoepithelial cyst
1392679410683 1384318139939 <img src="paste-82553566396417.jpg" /><div>biops
y reveals parakeratin lining and lymphoid tissue surrounding lession</div>
oral lymphoepithelial cyst
1392679478745 1384318139939 <img src="paste-84670985273345_1384318139939.jpg
" /><div>yellowish lession on the lateral aspect of this tongue</div> oral lym
phoepithelial cyst
1392679520998 1384318139939 <img src="paste-86792699117569.jpg" /><div>pt cl
inical exam revealed a yellow growth on the ventral aspect of his tongue</div><d
iv>parakeratin was found with lumen filled with keratin</div> Oral lymphoepith
elial cyst.
y of this swelling revealed...</div><div><img src="paste-88965952569345.jpg" /><
/div> Thyroglossal duct cyst
1392679645965 1384318139939 <img src="paste-91173565759489.jpg" /><div>dough
y mass</div><div>foul smelling lessions when ruptured</div>
epidermoid cyst
1392679781079 1384318139939 <img src="paste-93381178949633.jpg" /> Nasolabi
al cyst
y was taken from facial skin and mucobucal fold area beneath the ala of the nose
</div> Nasolabial cyst.
1392679915542 1384318139939 <img src="paste-97689031147521.jpg" /><div>fluct
uant swelling</div><div>strange feeling of fullness</div><div>salty taste</div>
div>
src="paste-101928163868673.jpg" /></div>
1392680001316 1384318139939 <img src="paste-104019812941825.jpg" /><div>pt r
eports tasting saltiness</div> Nasopalatine duct cyst
1392680056396 1384318139939 <img src="paste-106115756982273.jpg" /><div>pt r
eports feeling of fullness and taste of saltiness</div> Nasopalatine duct cyst.
1392680093859 1384318139939 <img src="paste-108215995990017.jpg" /><div>if t
his lession was located in the midline of the floor of the mouth it would be cal
led a...</div><div>-what is this lession called</div> <div>Dermoid cyst</div>Epidermoid cyst<div><br /></div>
1392680113423 1384318139939 <img src="paste-110316234997761.jpg" /><div>less
ion smells bad when ruptured</div>
epidermoid cyst
1392680126982 1384318139939 <img src="paste-112386409234433.jpg" /><div>doug
hy mass</div><div>ruptured cyst smells bad</div>
Epidermoid cyst
1392680167907 1384318139939 <img src="paste-114482353274881.jpg" /> Dermoid
cyst
1392680179338 1384318139939 <img src="paste-116569707380737.jpg" /><div>swel
ling of midline anterior floor of mouth</div><div>arround the area of the mylohy
oid muscle</div>
Dermoid cyst.
1393614383563 1390161073008 <img src="paste-51299089383425.jpg" /> eruption
cyst
1393619581869 1390161073008 <img src="paste-55173149884417.jpg" /><div>1) if
young adult</div><div>2) if pt is middle aged</div>
<div>both multilocular r
adilucencies in anterior mandible:</div>1) central giant cell granuloma<div>2) g
landular odontogenic cyst</div>
1393619722403 1390161073008 <img src="paste-70772471103489.jpg" /><div>middl
e aged female</div><div>no hx of fever or pain</div><div>unilateral lession</div
>
osteoporotic marrow defect
1393267187500 1384318139939 garres osteomyelitis (periostitis ossificans) (p
roliferative osteitis) age

<25 yo
1393267234445 1384318139939 Bisphosphonate-associated Osteonecrosis age
>65 yo
1393267315457 1384318139939 Condensing Osteitis age any
1393267340421 1384318139939 Idiopathic Osteosclerosis age adolescent or yo
ung adult
1393267395586 1384318139939 Osteoporosis age
post-menopausal
1393267421496 1384318139939 Hyperparathyroidism of Bone age any age, > 60
(+)
1393267493947 1384318139939 Cherubism (AD) age
Affect children as early
as 1 y.o, mean age = 7
1393267590098 1384318139939 Pagets Disease age
Age = > 45 y.o.
1393267611282 1384318139939 Acromegaly age adults = after epiphyseal plate
closure
1393267773970 1384318139939 Gigantism age children = before epiphyseal pla
te closure
1393267784024 1384318139939 Fibrous Dysplasia starts at what age<div>-stops
at what age</div>
Starts at early adolescence, often stops at puberty
1393267840680 1384318139939 Cementifying fibroma age
30-50 + yrs
1393268353259 1384318139939 Monostotic Fibrous dysplasia age
10 - 20
yrs
1393268365037 1384318139939 osteoma age
any
1393268416562 1384318139939 Osteoblastoma age
Youths and young adults
under age 30
1393268454140 1384318139939 Osteoid Osteoma age
Youths and young adults
under age 30
1393268467420 1384318139939 Cementoblastoma age
2nd or third decade, usu
ally <25
1393268491380 1384318139939 Central Vascular Lesions age
10-20 years of a
ge
1393268527826 1384318139939 Jaw Osteogenic sarcoma age
30- 40 yrs
1393268573931 1384318139939 extragnathic Osteogenic sarcoma age
10-20 yrs
1393268615817 1384318139939 which occurs at an older age?<div>Jaw OS or extr
agnathic skeleton OS</div>
jaw os
1393268641137 1384318139939 Chondrogenic sarcoma age
4th & 5th de
cades
1393268683398 1384318139939 Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma age younger patients
1393268709033 1384318139939 Ewings sarcoma age
Young patients (10 - 15
yrs)
1393268732474 1384318139939 Metastatic tumors to the jaw bones are most comm
on in which age group older pt
1393268767247 1384318139939 Multiple Myeloma age group
older (>70yo)
1393268796216 1384318139939 Langerhans Cell Disease ((Histiocytosis X) age g
roup<div>-if lesions in skull age?</div><div>-if lessions in jaw bones age?</div
>
50% cases < 10 years old<div>-<10 yrs</div><div>->20 yrs</div>
1393268877112 1384318139939 Chronic localized (eosinophilic granuloma) age
Age vary from young to old
1393268898130 1384318139939 Chronic disseminated (Hand-Schuller-Christian) a
ge
young children
1393268912447 1384318139939 Acute, disseminated (Letterer-Siwe) age INFANTS
(new borns)
1393269586789 1384318139939 McCune-Albright age
younger than puberty
1393277761639 1384318139939 mean age of diagnosis for acromegally third or
fourth decade and progress insidiously (mean age at diagnosis = 42 years)
1393283536343 1384318139939 chondrogenic sarcoma age
4th & 5th de
cades
1393284527448 1384318139939 multiple myeloma prefered age 7th decade = 70
yo
1392874215258 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: Histology- compos
ed of what that vary in morphology?

epithelial cells
1392874286458 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: Histology- what s
pecial way are the columnar cells arranged?
Duct-like fashion (Adenomatoid)
1392874320117 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: Histology- what d
oes Adenomatoid mean? duct-like
1392874331722 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: Histology- how ar
e the polyhedral cells (snowflakes) arranged? loose sheets
1392874383620 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: Histology- anothe
r name for polyhedral cells found in this?
snowflakes (fine flecks of calci
fications)
1392874409476 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: Histology- do you
see a foci of calcificaiton? yes, foci of calcification may be present
1392874441927 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: Histology- capsul
e?
Yes, usually has fibrous capsule
1392876096118 1390161073008 Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor: Histolo
gy- can have Sheets or islands of polyhedral epithelial cells that may have
what type of nuclei? large pleomorphic nuclei or multiple nuclei.
gy- what is a unique thing found histologically?
Amyloid or amyloid-like
material (may contain focal calcifications)
gy- what can it show with bone? may show infiltration of bone
gy-may be mistaken for what?<div>Why?</div>
<ol><li><b>squamous cell carcino
ma</b> </li><li>because of <b>pleomorphism, infiltration, and presence (oft
en) of intercellular bridges</b></li></ol>
1392873502259 1390161073008 Peripheral Ameloblastoma: Histologically resembl
e what type of ameloblastoma? resemble infiltrating type, but are well defined
1392843419190 1384318139939 odontoma<div><br /></div><div>is it considered a
</div><div>innocuous "tumor" / benign tumor / benign aggresive tumor / or
a malignant tumor</div> innocuous
1392843488319 1384318139939 all odontogenic tumors<div><br /></div><div>is i
t considered a </div><div>innocuous "tumor" / benign tumor / benign aggresi
ve tumor / or a malignant tumor</div> benign tumors
1392843505086 1384318139939 conventional ameloblastoma<div><br /></div><div>
is it considered a </div><div>innocuous "tumor" / benign tumor / benign agg
resive tumor / or a malignant tumor</div>
benign aggresive tumor
1392843527912 1384318139939 clear cell odontogenic carcinoma<div><br /></div
><div>is it considered a </div><div>innocuous "tumor" / benign tumor / beni
gn aggresive tumor / or a malignant tumor</div> malignant tumor
s a fever and lymphadenopathy</div>
acute osteomyelitis
1393009333488 1384318139939 <img src="paste-32830730010625.jpg"><div>Staph A
was found in this patient</div><div>name the condition</div><div>-name the radi
olucency in the middle</div>
acute osteomyelitis<div>-sequestrum</div>
s had low level infection for a while now</div> chronic osteomyelitis
acute osteomyelitis<div>
vs</div><div>chronic osteomyelitis</div>
d low level infection for a long time</div>
chronic osteomyelitis
1393009753566 1384318139939 <img src="paste-33474975105025.jpg" /><div>pt bl
ood test found staphilococus infection</div><div>pt is febrile</div>
acute os
teomyelitis
1393009785245 1384318139939 <img src="paste-33698313404417.jpg"><div>pt has
been sick</div><div>low grad infection for a long time</div>
primary chronic
osteomyelitis<div><br></div><div>-look at the numerous resting reversal lines</d
iv><div>-denuded sequestrum lacking osteocytes.</div>
</div><div>lession seen following trauma</div> Garre s / periostitis ossificans

/ proliferative osteitis
><div><img src="paste-37026913058817.jpg" /></div><div>25 yo</div><div>lession s
een following trauma</div>
garre s / proliferative osteitis / periostitis o
ssificans
y of a 25 yo pt with history of trauma and mottled radiolucency</div> garre s
/ periostitis ossificans / proliferative osteitis
Squamous cell carcinoma. Bone involvement</div><div>is characterized by an irreg
ular, moth-eaten radiolucency</div><div>with ragged marginsan appearance similar to
that of</div><div>what bone disease.</div></div>
osteomyelitis
1393010522634 1384318139939 <img src="paste-37658273251329.jpg" /><div>pt de
veloped the lession after radiation treatment</div>
osteoradionecrosis
1393010683112 1384318139939 <img src="paste-37855841746945.jpg" /><div>pt su
ffering from osteoporosis developed these lessions</div>
Bisphosphonate-a
ssociated Osteonecrosis (BRONJ)
1393010771913 1384318139939 <img src="paste-38139309588481.jpg" /><div>pt wa
s suffering from metastatic breast cancer, while treating the side effects the p
atient developed these lessions</div> Bisphosphonate-associated Osteonecr
osis (BRONJ)
1393010843906 1384318139939 <img src="paste-38306813313025.jpg" /><div>pt wa
s diagnosed with a condition involving elevated serum alkaline phosphatase</div>
<div>after treatment of secondary problems pt developed this lession (what secon
dary condition did this patient develop?) </div> Bisphosphonate-associate
d Osteonecrosis (BRONJ)
veloped this problem after taking medication for osteoporosis</div>
Bisphosp
honate-associated Osteonecrosis (BRONJ)
patients medication caused pain, sequestration and denudation of the mandible</d
iv>
Bisphosphonate-associated Osteonecrosis (BRONJ)
1393011100835 1384318139939 <img src="paste-39122857099265.jpg" /><div>femal
e pt developed lesions after recieving IV medication due to complications from b
reast cancer therapy</div><div><br /></div>
Bisphosphonate-associated osteon
ecrosis
veloped sequestration of bone and sinus tract formation after recieving IV medic
ation</div>
Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis.
1393011436981 1384318139939 <img src="paste-39487929319425.jpg" /><div>tooth
is vital</div> Idiopathic osteosclerosis
1393011500376 1384318139939 <img src="paste-39668317945857.jpg" /><div>teeth
are non vital</div>
Condensing osteitis
1393011590662 1384318139939 <img src="paste-39977555591169.jpg" /> Bone sca
r.
1393011602937 1384318139939 <img src="pennwell.web.400.230.jpg" /><div>pt is
a 60 yo female </div>
osteoporosis
s been in dialisis for a month</div>
secondary hyperparathyroidism<div><br />
</div><div>-you can see ground glass</div><div>-you can see loss of lamina dura<
/div>
ar old female patient with low TRH and high T3/T4 </div><div>(this is an oc
clusal radiograph)</div><div>-also, what is the most likely underlying cause of
this lession?</div>
primary hyperparathyroidism<div>-parathyroid adenoma</di
v>
1393015350613 1384318139939 <img src="paste-50238232461313.jpg" /><div>pt on
dialisis comes to clinic displaying this oral manifestation</div>
secondar
y hyperparathyroidism

is the name of this lession, typical in individuals with no active Vitamin D&nbs
p;</div>
brown tumor (secondary hyperparathyroidism)
s low levels of Vit D</div><div>identify the disease</div>
secondary hyperp
arathyroidism
1393015561867 1384318139939 <div><img src="paste-50852412784641.jpg"></div><
div>this lession was found in the jaw of a pt with renal failure</div><div>name
the lession</div>
brown tumor (2nd hyperparathyroidism)<div>*brown comes f
rom hemosiderin. Also lots of osteoclasts.</div>
funky eskimo male also presents with blindness, deafness, fatigue and a palpable
spleen</div> infantile osteopetrosis
asian woman has been complaining of fatigue and hard hearing since she was a chi
ld.</div>
infantile osteopetrosis
y was taken of this individual who was born in Japan</div><div>Manifestations st
arted when the patient was 42</div><div>pt suffers from bone fractures but all c
ranial nerve exams prove negative</div> adult osteopetrosis
esents with bluish coloration in the whites of his eyes</div> adult osteopetro
sis
all you get...go for it</div> cherubism
hereditary disorder is characterized by bony protruberances in the palate</div><
div>and its known as a dynamic lession</div>
osteopetrosis
chromosome is defective</div> 4p16
gene is defective</div>
SH3BP2
7 yo pt presented with the lessions you see above.</div><div>6 years later the l
essions resolved on their own</div>
cherubism
y was taken of these bilateral lession in the mandibular angle of the jaw</div>
cherubism
1393016957967 1384318139939 <img src="paste-74504797683713.jpg" /><div>be sp
ecific...</div> tori palatinus
ecific</div>
tori palatinus
1393017029722 1384318139939 <img src="paste-74723841015809.jpg"><div>be spec
ific</div>
tori/torus palatinus
ecific</div>
tori mandibularis
ecific</div>
tori mandibularis
is an x ray of a bony protruberance found along the jaw</div> tori mandibulari
s
esented with bony protruberances emanating from the jaw</div> tori mandibulari
s
1393017180231 1384318139939 <img src="paste-75406740815873.jpg" /> tori man
dibularis
1393017189451 1384318139939 <img src="paste-75518409965569.jpg">
exostose
s
1393017223685 1384318139939 <img src="paste-75630079115265.jpg" /> exostosi
s

is an xray of pt presenting with bony growths in the buccal aspect of the patien
ts jaw</div>
exostosis
1393017282916 1384318139939 <img src="paste-75853417414657.jpg" /><div>name
this condition</div><div>-what underlying condition would you suspect (hint: hig
h serum AP)</div>
hypercementosis<div>-pagets dz.</div>
all you get</div>
pagets disease of bone
1393017400968 1384318139939 <img src="paste-76098230550529.jpg" /><div>high
serum AP</div> pagets disease of bone<div><br /></div><div>-notice the cotton w
ool</div>
all you get fo!!!</div>
pagets dz of bone
1392850153798 1390161073008 What is the most common clinically significat od
ontogenic tumor?
1392850473726 1390161073008 Other names for Conventional Ameloblastoma
a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Common (Solid, Mu
lticystic, Infiltrating)
1392850517366 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: age <div><ol><li>Age
occurs over a wide age range</li><ol><li>Rare before age 10; uncommon between a
ges 10 and 19.</li><li>Nearly equal prevalence in the 3rd to 7th decades.</li><l
i>I.e., <b>most occur after 30 years of age</b>.</li></ol></ol></div><div><br />
</div>
1392850596674 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: rare before age?
a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Rare before age 1
0; uncommon between ages 10 and 19.
1392850611720 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: nearly equal prevale
nce in what ages?
3rd to 7th decades
1392850631915 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma:most common after wha
t age? 30
1392850640370 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma:gender? race?
2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Male:Female ~ 1:1
<div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Probably no
racial predilection (more common in blacks?).</div>
1392850673963 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: most often occur whe
re?
most often in the <b>molar-ascending ramus</b> area.<div>80-85% occur in
the <b>mandible,</b> </div>
1392850719945 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: 2nd common area to f
ind
b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>15-20% oc
cur in the maxilla, usually in the posterior regions.
1392850742773 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: do you find this ant
erior or posterior?
POSTERIOR<div><br /></div><div><div>a)<span class="Apple
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>80-85% occur in the <b>mandible</b>,
most often in the <b>molar-ascending ramus area.</b></div><div>b)<span class="Ap
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>15-20% occur in the <b>maxilla</b>
, usually in the <b>posterior regions.</b></div></div><div><br /></div>
1392850440617 1390161073008 Ameloblastoma: 3 types and how common they are
<div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Common (Soli
d, Multicystic, Infiltrating) Ameloblastoma 86%</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-t
ab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Unicystic Ameloblastoma 13%</div><div>c
.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Peripheral Amelobl
astoma 1%</div><div><br /></div>
1392676893111 1390161073008 3 different types of histologic classification o
f Odontogenic tumors? <ol><li>Epithelial Odontogenic tumors</li><li>Mixed Odon
togenic tumors</li><li>Mesenchymal Odontogenic tumors (Epi, Mix, Mes)</li
></ol>
e:pre"> </span>Tumors are composed of cells with characteristics of odontogenic
epithelium.
Epithelial Odontogenic Tumors
e:pre"> </span>Tumor shows no participation of odontogenic ectomesenchyme

Epithelial Odontogenic Tumors
1392677002381 1390161073008 5 examples of Epithelial Odontogenic Tumors
Histologic classification?
<div><b>a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Ameloblastoma</b></div><div><b>b)<span class="Apple-tab-s
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor</b></div><div
><b>c)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Calcifying ep
ithelial odontogenic tumor</b></div><div>d)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="w
hite-space:pre"> </span>Squamous odontogenic tumor</div><div>e)<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma</di
v><div><br /></div>
1392677046655 1390161073008 Type of histologic classification of Odontogenic
Tumor? Ameloblastoma Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor<div><br /></div>
Tumor? <div>Adenomatoid Odontogenic tumor</div> Epithelial Odontogenic T
umor
Tumor? <div>calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor</div> Epithelial Odont
ogenic Tumor
Tumor? <div>squamous odontogenic tumor</div>
Epithelial Odontogenic T
umor
Tumor?<div>Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma</div>
Epithelial Odontogenic T
umor
e:pre"> </span>Tumors are composed of two populations of cells one derived from
odontogenic epithelium and one derived from odontogenic ectomesenchyme. Mixed Od
ontogenic tumors
1392679222592 1390161073008 what are mixed odontogenic tumors made of?
odontogenic epithelium cells and odontogenic ectomesenchyme cells
e:pre"> </span>Dental hard tissue may or may not be formed in these lesions.
mixed odontogenic tumors
1392679279517 1390161073008 4 examples of mixed odontogenic tumors <div><b>
Ameloblastic fibroma</b></div><div><b>Compound odontoma</b></div><div><b>Complex
odontoma</b></div><div><b>Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma</b></div><div><br /></div
>
Tumor? <div>Ameloblastic fibroma</div>
mixed
Tumor? <div>compound odontoma</div>
mixed<div><br /></div>
Tumor? <div>complex odontoma</div>
mixed
Tumor? <div>Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma</div>
mixed
Tumor? <div>Myxoma</div> Mesenchymal
Tumor? <div>Cementoblastoma</div> Mesenchymal
Tumor? <div>Odontogenic fibroma</div><div><br /></div>
Mesenchymal
e:pre"> </span>Tumors are composed of cells with characteristics of odontogenic
ectomesenchyme. c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>M
esenchymal Odontogenic Tumors
1392679471135 1390161073008 T/F. Odontogenic epithelium may be induced withi
n these Mesenchymal Odontogenic Tumors True<div>but it does not play any essent
ial role in their pathogenesis.</div>
1392679511507 1390161073008 Odontogenic epithelium may be induced within Mes
enchymal Odontogenic Tumors, and play any essential role in their pathogenesis.<
div><br /></div><div>1. The first and last statements are true</div><div>2. The
first statement is false, the second is true</div><div>3. The first statement is
true, the second is false.</div><div>4. Neither statements are true.</div>
3. The first statement is true, the second is false.<div><br /></div><div>The co
rrect statement is: Odontogenic epithelium may be induced within these lesi
ons, but it <b>does not</b> play any essential role in their pathogenesis.</div>
1392679694415 1390161073008 Odontogenic Mesenchymal epithelium may be induce
d within Mesenchymal Odontogenic Tumors, but do not play any essential role in t
heir pathogenesis.<div><br /></div><div>1. The first and last statements are tru
e</div><div>2. The first statement is false, the second is true</div><div>3. The
first statement is true, the second is false.</div><div>4. Neither statements a
re true.</div> 4. Neither statements are true.<div><br /></div><div>The correct
answer is: Odontogenic <u>epithelium</u> may be induced within these lesio
ns, but it does not play any essential role in their pathogenesis.</div>
1392679786032 1390161073008 3 examples of Mesenchymal Odontogenic Tumors
<div><b>Myxoma</b></div><div><b>Cementoblastoma</b></div><div>Odontogenic fibrom
a</div><div><br></div><div>Mes-Cem, Od fib, Myx</div>
1392679826637 1390161073008 <ol><li><b>Mixed Odontogenic Tumors</b> are&nbsp
;are composed of two populations of cells one derived from odontogenic epitheliu
m and one derived from odontogenic ectomesenchyme.</li><li><b>Mesenchymal Odonto
genic Tumors</b> are composed of odontogenic epithelium and ectomesenchyme.</li>
<li><b>Epithelial Odontogenic Tumors</b> are composed of odontogenic epithelium
and ectomesenchyme.</li></ol><div>Which statement is not true?</div>
<div><b>
False:</b></div>3. <b>Epithelial Odontogenic Tumors</b> are composed o
f odontogenic epithelium and ectomesenchyme. (<u>They show no participation of o
dontogenic ectomesenchyme, only epithelium)</u><div><br /></div><div><b>True:</b
></div><div><b>1.Mesenchymal Odontogenic Tumors</b> are composed of odontog
enic epithelium and ectomesenchyme, but the epithelium does not play any essenti
al role in the pathogenesis.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>2.Mixed Odontogenic T
umors</b> are are composed of two populations of cells one derived fro
m odontogenic epithelium and one derived from odontogenic ectomesenchyme.</div>
1392862255439 1384318139939 <img src="paste-11158325035009.jpg" /><div>in wh
ich areas of the mouth will we most frequently see ameloblastic fibro-odontoma</
div>
<img src="paste-11115375362049.jpg" />
ich areas will we most likely find odontogenic myxoma</div>
<img src="paste12605729013761.jpg" />
common areas where we can find ameloblastomas</div>
641857.jpg" />
1392865664129 1384318139939 <img src="paste-24386824306689_1384318139939.jpg
" /><div>in which areas will you most likely find odontogenic keratocysts (kerat
ocystic odontogenic tumor)</div>
<img src="paste-24343874633729.jpg" />
ich areas do you see adenomatoid odontogenic tumors the most?</div>
<img src
="paste-80698140524545.jpg" />
ich areas do you most comonly see calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumors
</div> <img src="paste-84168474099713.jpg" />
1392861407900 1384318139939 <img src="paste-6751688589313.jpg" /><div>where
is ameloblastic fibroma more comon</div>
<img src="paste-6807523164161.jp
g" />
1392861478287 1384318139939 <img src="paste-6957847019521.jpg" /><div>radiog
raph of a 10yo male</div><div>histology shows islands of narrow cords</div>
ameloblastic fibroma
all im giving you</div><div>go for it</div>
ameloblastic fibroma
1392861663586 1384318139939 <img src="paste-7567732375553.jpg" /><div>proble
m?</div>
compound odontoma
1392861754331 1384318139939 <img src="paste-7687991459841.jpg" /><div>dz</di

v>
compound odontoma
1392861769598 1384318139939 <img src="paste-7795365642241.jpg" /><div>dz</di
v>
complex odontoma
1392861786151 1384318139939 <img src="paste-7932804595713.jpg" /> compound
odontoma
1392861806552 1384318139939 <img src="paste-8044473745409.jpg" /><div>multip
le radiopacities where found in the posterior mandible of a 14yo. A biopsy
was taken.</div>
complex odontoma
1392862053807 1384318139939 <img src="paste-8435315769345.jpg" /><div><div>p
t is a 17 yo </div><div>asymptomatic </div><div>with a history of erup
tion failure</div></div>
ameloblastic fibro-odontoma
a 17 yo </div><div>asymptomatic </div><div>with a history of eruption
failure</div> ameloblastic fibro-odontoma
pt is a 17 yo </div><div>asymptomatic </div><div>with a history of eru
ption failure</div></div>
ameloblastic fibro-odontoma
<div>Odontogenic fi brom
a (World Health</div><div>Organization [WHO] type)</div><div><br /></div><div>vs
.</div><div><br /></div><div>Odontogenic fi broma (simple type).</div>
1392862485292 1384318139939 <img src="paste-11836929867777.jpg" /> odontoge
nic fibroma
1392862657409 1384318139939 <img src="paste-12086037970945.jpg" /><div>the m
ass is sessile </div><div>(what would be our two differentials)</div>
1) peripheral odontogenic fibroma<div>2) peripheral ossifying fibroma</div>
></div> <div>Odontogenic fibroma (WHO type) with</div><div>associated giant cell
granuloma.</div>
1392862905542 1384318139939 <img src="paste-12717398163457.jpg" /><div>histo
logy revealed loose, primitive, and not very cellular tissue</div>
odontoge
nic myxoma
1392863022527 1384318139939 <img src="paste-12910671691777.jpg" /> Odontoge
nic myxoma
1392863076554 1384318139939 <img src="paste-13052405612545.jpg" /> Odontoge
nic myxoma
1392863090283 1384318139939 <img src="paste-13181254631425.jpg" /><div>histo
logy of the sample yielded a honeycomb apperance</div> odontogenic myxoma
graph shows delicate whispy apperance in loculations</div>
odontogenic myxo
ma
1392863579367 1384318139939 <img src="paste-13726715478017.jpg" /> pyogenic
granuloma
granuloma
granuloma
></div><div><img src="paste-14108967567361.jpg" /></div><div><br /></div><div><i
mg src="paste-14220636717057.jpg" /></div>
peripheral giant cell granuloma
(purple)<div><br /></div><div>pyogenic granuloma (red)</div><div><br /></div><di
v>peripheral ossifying fibroma (pink)</div>
1392863836849 1384318139939 <img src="paste-16505559318529.jpg" /> cementob
lastoma
lastoma
lastoma
y was taken of tissue that radiologically disguised the outline of the 1st molar
MB root.</div> cementoblastoma
1392864060427 1384318139939 <img src="paste-17334488006657.jpg" /><div>pt di
splays cytologic features of malignancy</div> ameloblastic carcinoma
an older adult</div><div>aggresive clinical course with local destruction</div>
ameloblastic carcinoma
1392864494201 1384318139939 <img src="paste-19997367730177.jpg" /><div>5 yea
r old patient with aspiration or implant lesions in the lungs</div>
malignan
t ameloblastoma
ar old</div><div>presents with pain, bony swelling</div><div>with glycogen rich
cells</div>
clear cell odontogenic carcinoma
div>
1392864824647 1384318139939 <img src="paste-20521353740289.jpg" /><div>dz</d
iv>
1392864849438 1384318139939 <img src="paste-20637317857281.jpg" /><div>dz</d
iv>
ameloblastic fibrosarcoma
y taken from pts mandible</div><div>pt complained of rapid growth, pain and swel
ling</div><div>mesenchymal component shows increased cellularity</div> amelobla
stic fibrosarcoma
ar old pt</div><div>presenting with pain, bone or soft tissue swelling, drainage
, paresthesia, but very little bone expansion</div>
Keratocyst Odontogenic T
umor (odontogenic keratocyst)
is the most likely diagnosis of this radiolucency found arround this unerupted m
olar</div>
odontogenic keratocyst (keratocystic odontogenic tumor)
32 year old </div><div>radiographically we find multilocular radiolucency a
nd expansion of buccal and lingual cortices</div></div> conventional ameloblasto
ma
1392866615854 1384318139939 <img src="paste-49121540964353.jpg" /> conventi
onal amelolastoma
ar old </div><div>with multilocular radiolucencies showing root resorption
and unerupted teeth</div>
conventional ameloblastoma
32 year old </div><div>nests of odontogenic epithelium with a central core
of substance resembling stellate epithelium </div></div> conventional ame
loblstoma
32 year old </div><div>biopsy was optained from mandible</div><div>radiogra
phically we find multilocular radiolucency and expansion of buccal and lingual c
ortices</div></div>
convetional ameloblastoma
1392867048518 1384318139939 <img src="paste-53214644797441.jpg" /> conventi
onal ameloblastoma
pathology can be mistaken for a lateral periodontal cyst</div> conventional ame
loblastoma
ortices</div></div>
ortices</div></div>

ar old </div><div>biopsy was optained from mandible</div><div>radiographica
lly we find multilocular radiolucency and expansion of buccal and lingual cortic
es</div>
><div>32 year old </div><div>biopsy was optained from mandible</div><div>ra
diographically we find multilocular radiolucency and expansion of buccal and lin
gual cortices</div>
><div>32 year old </div><div>biopsy was optained from mandible</div><div>ra
diographically we find multilocular radiolucency and expansion of buccal and lin
gual cortices</div>
src="paste-67521180860417.jpg" /></div><div><div>32 year old </div><div>bio
psy was optained from mandible</div><div>radiographically we find multilocular r
adiolucency and expansion of buccal and lingual cortices</div></div>
conventi
onal ameloblastoma
</div><div>asymptomatic lession</div><div>swelling</div><div>histologic fe
atures resemble ameloblastoma</div>
unicystic ameloblastoma
23 yo </div><div>asymptomatic lession</div><div>swelling</div></div><div>ep
ithelium resembles ameloblastoma</div> unicystic ameloblastoma
23 yo </div><div>asymptomatic lession</div><div>swelling</div><div>unilocul
ar lucency</div></div> unicystic ameloblastoma
><div>23 yo </div><div>asymptomatic lession</div><div>swelling</div><div>un
ilocular lucency</div> unicystic ameloblastoma
23 yo </div><div>asymptomatic lession</div><div>swelling</div><div>unilocul
ar lucency</div></div><div><br /></div> unicystic ameloblastoma
src="paste-74612171866113.jpg" /></div><div>-also what would be the difference b
twn this and the three Ps for example</div>
peripheral ameloblastoma<div>-py
ogenic granuloma (red color)</div><div> peripheral giant cell granuloma (pu
rple color)</div><div> peripheral osteoma (pink color)</div>
</div><div>female</div><div>concerned about lack of eruption of her canine</div>
<div>pt is asymptomatic</div> Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor<div><br /></div><d
iv>(atypical because they are most common in the maxilla and this fucker is in t
he mandible)</div>
y is done on this pt and a fibrous capsule is found with a central mass composed
of epithelial cells with varying morphology</div>
Squamous odontogenic tum
or.
a 10 year old female</div><div>asymptomatic</div><div>concerned about unerupted
cannine</div> Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor
1392911206782 1384318139939 <img src="paste-83786222010369.jpg" /><div>well.
..what are you waiting for??</div>
Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor
a 12 year old female </div><div>biopsy is shown</div><div>pt is asymptomat
ic</div><div>and complains of an unerupted canine</div> Adenomatoid odontogenic
tumor
a 40 year old</div><div>complaining of painles swelling in his jaw</div><div>bi
opsy is taken and sheets of polyhedral epithelial cells are found</div><div>amyl
oid material is also present</div>
Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor.
pt is a 40 year old</div><div>complaining of painless swelling in his jaw</div><

div>biopsy is taken and sheets of polyhedral epithelial cells are found</div><di
v>amyloid material is also present</div></div> Calcifying epithelial odontogeni
c tumor
pt is a 40 year old</div><div>complaining of swelling in his jaw</div><div>radio
logy shows impacted tooth</div></div><div>and radiolucency with radiopacities ar
round the crown of a tooth</div><div><br /></div>
Calcifying epithelial od
ontogenic tumor
1392911727763 1384318139939 <img src="paste-86135569121281.jpg" /> Calcifyi
ng epithelial odontogenic tumor
1392911749171 1384318139939 <img src="paste-86264418140161.jpg" /> Calcifyi
ng epithelial odontogenic tumor.
</div><div>pt presents with gingival swelling and tooth mobility</div><div>histo
logy shows nests of squamous epithelium</div> squamous odontogenic tumor
ar old </div><div>presents to clinic with tooth motility and painfull gingi
val swelling</div><div>radiograph shows triangular lucency</div>
Squamous
odontogenic tumor
1392833374878 1374768212495 What sort of radiographic signs would you <b>ini
tially</b> see in acute osteomyelitis?
<b>NONE. </b>Start seeing lytic
bone changes after 1-2 weeks
1392833893491 1374768212495 <b>Dead bone or "sequestra" </b>with or without
bacterial colonies<b> </b>are characteristic of what dz? Acute osteomyeli
tis
1392833981405 1374768212495 Which dz represents a long term, low-grade infec
tion, ill-defined dull pain and swelling, and <b>Moth-eaten</b> radiolucenc
y?
Chronic Osteomyelitis
1392834212119 1374768212495 What are the other two names associated with Gar
1. Periostitis ossificans<div>2. Proliferative osteitis</div>
re s OM?
1392834666707 1374768212495 What are the three diseases that produce prolife
rative bone layering? 1. Buccal furcation cyst<div>2. Garre s osteiomyelitis</
div><div>3. Ewing Sarcoma</div>
1392834766961 1374768212495 Radiographic features include <b>mottled </b>rad
iolucency and <b>onion skin</b> pattern of periosteal reaction in response
to inflammation are seen in which dz? Garre s OM
1392834920818 1374768212495 What three things in combination create the etio
logy for BRONJ? Drug+ Trauma+ local factors
1393000064362 1374768212495 Local osteosclerosis at the apex of a tooth with
pulpal inflammation (irreversible pulpitis) or possible necrosis, and too
th is <b>non-vital</b> in which dz?
Condensing osteitis
1393000886630 1374768212495 Which dz is characterized by local osteosclerosi
s at the apex of a <b>VITAL</b> tooth, no body expansion, and no fillings?
Idiopathic osteosclerosis
1393001011535 1374768212495 <b>Hypodensity</b> of bone common in post-menopa
usal females, and widened <b>marrow spaces </b>are characteristic of which dz?
Osteoporosis
1393001205100 1374768212495 Lead poisoning, <b>metastatic tumors (prostate/b
reast)</b>, and hypothyroidism can create <b>hyperdensity</b> in the bone i
n which dz?
Osteosclerosis
1393001539359 1374768212495 What are the other two names for hyperthyroidism
of bone?
1. Osteitis fibrosa cystica<div>2. Von Recklinghausen s dz of bo
ne</div>
1393001622894 1374768212495 Which dz is characterized by resorption of bone
and replacement by fibrous tissue?
Hyperthyroidism of bone
1393001641755 1374768212495 What are the three primary causes of hyperthyroi
dism of bone? Which is the most common? 1. <b>Parathyroid adenoma (80%)</b><div>
2. Parathyroid hyperplasia</div><div>3. Parathyroid carcinoma</div>
1393001738181 1374768212495 What are the three main clinical features of hyp
erparathyroidism?
1. Stones<div>2. Bones</div><div>3. Groans</div>
1393002486622 1374768212495 The "stones" clinical feature of hyperparathyroi
dism involves which two characteristics?
1. Renal stones<div>2. Soft tiss
ue calcifications and in vessel walls, dura, and joints</div>
1393002840962 1374768212495 The "bones" clinical feature of hyperparathyroid
ism involves which three main characteristics? 1. Ground glass radiographic pat
tern<div>2. Loss of lamina dura</div><div>3. Brown tumor of hyperthyroidism (as
multilocular RL)</div>
1393002906336 1374768212495 The "groans" clinical feature of hyperparathyroi
dism involves which characteristics?
<div><b>G</b>roans = <b>G</b>I (Duodenal
ulcers, acute pancreatitis)</div><div><br /></div>1. Duodenal ulcers<div>2. Acu
te pancreatis</div><div>3. Dementia</div><div>4. Confusion</div><div>5. Mental c
hanges</div><div>6. Lethargy</div>
1393002957259 1374768212495 Radiographic features show as multilocular radio
lucency caused by brown tumor in which dz?
Hyperparathyroidism of the bone
1393003123734 1374768212495 What are the two things that cause tori?
Combination of:<div>1. Genetic predilection</div><div>2. Pressure of occlusion c
ausing extrusion to the outside</div>
1393003230533 1374768212495 What is the name for tori on the buccal alveolar
ridge? Exostosis
1393003281652 1374768212495 What are the three types of osteropetrosis?
1. Infantile<div>2. Adult osteopetrosis</div><div>3. Rare type</div>
1393003553751 1374768212495 Which hereditary skeletal disorder results in th
ick bone due to defective osteoclast function? Osteopetrosis
1393003619240 1374768212495 Normocytic anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, and compe
nsatory extramedullary hematopoiesis are clinical features of which form of oste
opetrosis?
Infantile OP
1393003811710 1374768212495 Delayed tooth eruption, optic nerve atrophy/blin
dness, deafness, facial paralysis, and fractures/osteomyelitis of jaws are clini
cal features of which dz?
Infantile OP
1393003944024 1374768212495 Which dz shows "marble bone"? Infantile OP:&nb
sp;<div>Called marble b/c very hard, dense compacted bone with no structure to i
t<img src="Screenshot 2014-02-21 09.35.03.png" /></div>
1393004120987 1374768212495 <b>Blue sclera</b> and either nerve compres
sion or fractures are seen in which dz? Adult OP
1393004261267 1374768212495 Which dz shows a <b>mosaic</b> bone pattern
with lots of 90 degree angles? Paget s dz
1393004777069 1374768212495 Genetic factors, chromosomal mutations, and a sl
ow-virus (such as measles) are etiological factors of which dz? Paget s dz
1393004815292 1374768212495 Which dz shows clinical features including preva
lence in <b>European descent</b>, non-fitting prosthesis/increased skull circumf
erance, and deviated septum?
Paget s dz
1393004905549 1374768212495 Which dz shows a lion like facial deformity(<b>l
eontiasis ossea)?</b> Paget s dz
1393005036415 1374768212495 What are the three main radiographic findings in
Paget s dz?
1. Cotton wool radiopacity<div>2. <b>Generalized hypercementosis
(very important feature)</b></div><div>3. Coarse trabecular pattern</div>
1393005093145 1374768212495 What are the three things that see an increased
level in Paget s dz?
1. Serum alkaline phosphatase (most sensitive marker)<di
v>2. Urine calcium</div><div>3. Hydroxyproline levels</div>
1393084320591 1374768212495 <b>Autosomal dominant</b> heredity or Spontaneou
s mutations in chromosome <b>4p16</b> (gene <b>SH3BP2) </b>result in w
hich dz?
Cherubism (CH=CHUBBY KID)<img src="Screenshot 2014-02-22 08.06.0
1.png" />
1393085192677 1374768212495 Bilateral, multilocular radiolucencies in the ma
ndible associated with <b>Noonan syndrome</b> are present in which dz?
Cherubism
1393085297241 1374768212495 <b>Mosaic</b> patterned bone with multiple
90 degree angles, prevalent in those of <b>European</b> descent, and <
b>Lion-like</b> facial deformity (leontiasis ossea) are seen in which dz?
Paget s dz
1393085921463 1374768212495 <b>Cotton wool </b>radiopacity, generalized <b>h
ypercementosis, </b>and coarse <b>trabecular pattern</b> are radiographic f
eatures in which dz?
Paget s dz
1393086380786 1374768212495 Elevated levels of <b>alkaline phosphatase, </b>
urine <b>Ca<sup>2+</sup></b>, and <b>hydroxyproline </b>are present in which dz?
Paget s dz
1392873561977 1390161073008 Peripheral Ameloblastoma: recurrence rate
15-20%
1392866645385 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: Treatment/Prognosis- wh
at is usually adequate tx?
Enucleation
1392866696385 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: Treatment/Prognosis- wh
y is it fortunate that enucleation is usually adequate treatment?
since mo
st lesions are clinically interpreted to be odontogenic cysts and enucleated bef
ore the real diagnosis is known!
1392866748265 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: Treatment/Prognosis-&nb
sp;Prior to 2005, reported recurrence rate following enucleation was____.
More recent studies report recurrence rates____.
30%<div><br /></div><div
> 50-80%</div>
1392874458267 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: Treatment/Prognos
is- how does it behave? completely benign
is- treatment that works?
Conservative surgical excision (<b>enucleation</
b>) is usually <b>curative</b>.
is-recurrance rate?
rare
1392876312722 1390161073008 Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor: Treatme
nt/Prognosis- what does the accumulating evidence indicate about these rare lesi
ons behavior? behave as benign tumors
nt/Prognosis- treatment of choice?
local excision with a narrow rim of surr
ounding bone (limited en bloc excision).
nt/Prognosis- more aggressive treatment is indicated for what? lesions in the p
osterior maxilla.<div><br /></div><div>(remember that 71% occur in the mandible,
posterior (bicuspid/molar) area</div>
nt/Prognosis-recurrence rate? about 15%
nt/Prognosis- when do you see a recurrence in this?
lesions treated by curet
tage<div><br /></div><div>(treatment of choice is local excision)</div>
1393277710271 1384318139939 etiology of giganticism high exposure to GH befo
re epiphyseal plate closure<div>from a PITUITARY ADENOMA</div>
1393278947317 1384318139939 Developmental tumor like bone lesion or mutation
in the complex GNAS locus on chromosome 20 (encoding the -subunit of signl tr
nsducing G protein (Gs-) led to incresed c-AMP production which intern led to
increse in prolifertion nd differentition of pre-osteoblsts
Fibrous
Dysplsi
1393278988807 1384318139939 All of the norml bone components re present bu
t they do not differentite to mture structures<div>dz?</div> Fibrous Dysplsi

1393279147037 1384318139939 n individul with fibrous dysplsi ll of su
dden develops rpid growth nd disfigurement....why the hell did this hppen?!
s n idiot y'll went nd treted the condition insted of leving it lone.&nb
sp;<div><br /></div><div>if you leve the condition lone it goes wy without p
roblems!!</div>
1393279236996 1384318139939 wht is "woven" bone immture bone
1393281330844 1384318139939 wht is the origin of osseous/cementooseous dysp
lsis PDL origin
1393283798961 1384318139939 Ewings sarcoma associated translocations
11;22<di
v><br /></div><div>21;22</div>
1393281882490 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled.png" /><div>When is the exces
s GH produced in this condition?</div> Postpubertally (acromegaly).
1393282126714 1385745890648 <img src="230px-Robert_Wadlow.jpg" /><div>When w
as this guy s abundance of GH produced?</div> Prepubertally (gigantism).
1393306657977 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (1).png" /><div>The enlarged
mandible in this radiograph would suggest what condition?</div> Acromegaly.
1393306936880 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (2).png" /><div>Expansile mas
s in a 45 y/o woman</div><div>Present for 20+ years</div><div>Has a "ground glas
s" appearance radiographically</div>
Fibrous dysplasia.
1393307470217 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (3).png" /><div>Diffuse "grou
nd glass" radiopacity</div><div>Equally prominent in males and females</div>
Fibrous dysplasia.
1393307579678 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (4).png" /><div>Diffuse "grou
nd glass" radiographic appearance</div><div>Ill-defined</div><div>Loss of lamina
dura</div>
Fibrous dysplasia.
1393307754354 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (5).png" /><div>Localized exp
ansion of the mandible with "ground glass" radiographic appearance.</div>
Fibrous dysplasia.
1393307858716 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (6).png" /><div>Polyostotic f
ibrous dysplasia with Cafe au lait spots (seen here).</div>
Jaffe syndrome.
1393307981794 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (7).png" /><div>Irregularly s
haped trabeculae of woven bone, seen in a mature lesion on the right with mature
lamellae.</div>
Fibrous dysplasia.
1393308252689 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (8).png" /><div>Most common C
OD.</div>
Focal cemeto-osseous dysplasia.
1393308812228 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (9).png" /><div>Multiple radi
olucent lesions at the apices of the anterior mandibular teeth</div><div>F>M,
B>W</div> Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia.
1393309179437 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (10).png" /><div><div>Multipl
e radiolucent lesions at the apices of the anterior mandibular teeth</div><div>F
>M, B>W</div><div>Later-stage lesions are shown here with significant mine
ralization</div></div> Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia.
1393309201414 1385745890648 <div><img src="Untitled (11).png" /></div><div>M
ultiple mixed radiolucent and radiopaque lesions<br /><div>This is less common a
nd more "exuberant", occuring in all 4 quadrants</div></div>
Florid cemento-o
sseous dysplasia.
1393309573677 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (12).png" /><div>Yellowish, a
vascular cementum-like material is beginning to exfoliate through the oral mucos
a</div><div>This could potentially occur in all 4 quadrants and is "exuberant"</
div>
Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia.
1393309590206 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (13).png" /><div>Spicules of
bone and cementum-like hard tissue within moderately cellular fibrous connective
tissue.</div> Cemento-osseous dysplasia.
1393309700959 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (14).png" /><div>This is a se
ction of very dense bone, with only minimal marrow elements.</div>
Osteoma.
1393310073222 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (15).png" /><div>This radiogr
aph shows a pedunculated cancellous lesion caused by a benign tumor strongly ass
ociated with Gardner syndrome.</div>
Osteoma.
1393310280438 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (16).png" /><div>A large, des
tructive radiolucent and radiopaque lesion of the mandible</div><div>This benign
tumor shows no connection to the root of the tooth</div>
Osteoblastoma.
1393310474091 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (17).png" /><div>A circumscri
bed, mixed radiolucent and radiopaque lesion near the apex of mesial rooth of ma
ndibular first molar</div><div>The patient had a dull, nocturnal pain that was r
elieved by aspirin</div>
Osteoid osteoma.
1393310677357 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (18).png" /><div>A densely mi
neralized mass is seen at the apex of a root</div><div>The root is partially res
orbed and the mass is attached to the root</div>
Cementoblastoma.
1393310836189 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (19).png" /><div>A benign tum
or attached to the root of the tooth.</div>

Cementoblastoma.
1393310928756 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (20).png" /><div>Firm, painfu
l swelling of the maxilla of recent onset</div><div>Dense sclerotic change in th
e bone pattern radiographically</div> Osteosarcoma.
1393311477330 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (21).png" /><div>Prominent ex
ophitic tumor with a "sunburst" pattern.</div> Osteosarcoma.
1393311544970 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (22).png" /><div>A 6-cm painf
ul tumor of the anterior mandible showing widening of the PDL spaces and a mottl
ed radiopacity superimposed on the teeth.</div> Osteosarcoma.
1393311623891 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (23).png" /><div>This tumor p
roduced a combination of malignant cartilage <b>and</b> bone.</div>
Osteosar
coma.
1393311711026 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (24).png" /><div>What are A a
nd B?</div><div>Which has a better prognosis?</div>
A = parosteal, B = perio
steal.<div>Parosteal has a better prognosis.</div>
1393311892171 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (25).png" /><div>Ill-defined
radiolucent lesion of posterior mandible containing radiopaque foci</div><div>Th
is malignant tumor is only capable of producing cartilage</div> Chondrosarcoma.
1393312078140 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (26).png" /><div>A rapidly gr
owing, ulcerated tumor of the posterior mandible</div><div>Genetically you see 1
1;22 and 21;22 translocations</div>
Ewing s sarcoma.
1393312202157 1385745890648 <img src="content01.jpg" /><div>Multiple "punche
d-out" lesions</div><div>Usually seen in men older than 70</div><div>Involves Be
nce Jones proteins</div><div>Amyloidosis is an important complication</div>
Multiple myeloma.
1393312549131 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (27).png" /><div>Marked bone
loss involving the mandibular teeth in a young girl, resulting in a "floating-in
-air" appearance of the teeth.</div>
1393312903571 1385745890648 <img src="2864.jpg" /><div>These "punched out" l
esions appear like multiple myeloma, but this condition occurs in young children
.</div> Hand-Schuller-Christian disease.
1393281641781 1384318139939 why must you be carefull with FOD s and not touc
h them they have a high risk of becoming OSTEOMYELITIS
1393281701830 1384318139939 which of these conditions put you at risk for os
teomyelitis<div>-FCOD</div><div>-PCOD</div><div>-FOD</div>
FOD
1393282069601 1384318139939 Gardner syndrome has a risk for what
High rat
e of malignant transformation of adenomatous polyps = colorectal cancer
1393282121776 1384318139939 person is found to have multiple osteomas on x-r
ay in the jaw, fronto-ethmoidal sinus, and frontal bone as well as supernumerary
teeth. what is the correct course of action in a patient that is 50 years old:<
div><br /></div><div>a-take no action (condition will heal itself)</div><div><br
/></div><div>b-bone biopsy</div><div><br /></div><div>c-jaw resection</div><div
><br /></div><div>d-prophylactic colectomy</div><div><br /></div><div>e-prostect
omy</div><div><br /></div><div>f-vaginectomy</div>
d - prophylactic colecto
my = high risk of colon cancer because they have gardners
1393283225329 1384318139939 generalized cementoblastoma is caused usually by
what dz?<div>-what is the risk</div> pagets<div>-osteosarcoma</div>
1393283303856 1384318139939 bone lession that produces only malignant cartil
age
chondrogenic sarcoma
1393278334196 1384318139939 3 categories of fibro-osseous lesions 1) fibro
us dysplasia<div>2) reactive (dysplastic) lessions</div><div>3) fibro-osseous ne
oplasms</div>
1393278399392 1384318139939 types of reactive (dysplastic) lesions 1) peria
pical cemental dysplasia<div>2) focal cemento-osseous dysplasia</div><div>3) flo
rid cemento-osseous dysplasia</div>
1393279503563 1384318139939 what are the subcategories of polyostotic
<div>1) jaffe</div><div>2) mccune</div><div>3) mazabraud</div>
1393281180918 1384318139939 name 3 subtypes of osseous / cementooseous dyspl
asia
<div>1 Focal COD</div><div>2 Periapical COD</div><div>3 Florid COD</div>
1393282831679 1384318139939 <div>Central Vascular Lesions</div><div> Types (d
epending on pressure flow)</div>

<div> Hemangioma</div><div> Arterio-venous
malformation</div>
1393284389081 1384318139939 Langerhans Cell Disease ((Histiocytosis X) 3 typ
es
a. Chronic localized (eosinophilic granuloma)<div>b. Chronic disseminate
d (Hand-Schuller-Christian)</div><div>c. Acute, disseminated (Letterer-Siwe)</di
v>
1393284562071 1384318139939 arrange the histiocytosis X diseases from younge
st to oldest (3)
1) letter siwe<div>2) hand-schuller-christian</div><div>
3) eosinophilic granuloma</div>
1392841286701 1384318139939 <div>Histologic Features</div><div>a. Features s
mall islands and narrow cords of odontogenic epithelium resembling the dental la
mina or a developing tooth germ.</div><div>b. The stromal portion is distinctive
; it is a primitive and cellular connective tissue that closely resembles the pr
imitive dental papilla.</div> Ameloblastic Fibroma
1392841364067 1384318139939 odontomas are the most common types of odontogen
ic neoplasms found<div>T/F</div>
F - odontomas are NOT neoplasms
1392842052887 1384318139939 small tooth-like structures have well-formed den
tin, pulp, and enamel matrix; contains epithelial rests.
Compound odontom
a
1392842125116 1384318139939 enamel matrix, dentin and pulp tissue are arrang
ed randomly; also has odontogenic epithelial rests.
Complex odontoma
1392842560619 1384318139939 <div>Histologic Features</div><div>a. Soft tissu
e component is identical to ameloblastic fibroma.</div><div>b. Dentin and enamel
structures are in close association to epithelial nests.</div><div>c. If the on
ly hard tissue present is dentin matrix or dentinoid, then the term ameloblastic
fibro-dentinoma is used.</div> Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontoma
1392843896500 1384318139939 is peripheral odontogenic fibroma considered a t
rue neoplasm or not
it is a true neoplasm
1392843994870 1384318139939 <div><div>Histologic Features</div><div>1) Odont
ogenic epithelial nests or strands are present throughout and may be prominent.<
/div><div>2) Fibrous connective tissue stroma is cellular, and may be myxoid or
highly collagenized.</div></div>
peripheral odontogenic fibroma
1392844384991 1384318139939 histo:<div><div>a) Stellate fibroblasts in a who
rled pattern populate a fibrocollagenous stroma of variable density and cellular
ity.</div><div>b) May or may not have odontogenic epithelial rests.</div><div>c)
May contain foci of dystrophic calcifications.</div></div>
Simple odontogen
ic fibroma
1392844419228 1384318139939 histo:<div><br /></div><div><div>a) Odontogenic
epithelial nests or stands are present throughout and may be prominent.</div><di
v>b) Fibrous connective tissue stroma is cellular, and may be myxoid or highly c
ollagenized.</div></div>
WHO odontogenic fibroma
1392844435511 1384318139939 odontogenic fibroma that lacks epithelium and ep
ithelium nests simple odontogenic fibroma
1392844510532 1384318139939 loose primitive and not very cellular benign odo
ntogenic neoplasm
odontogenic myxoma
1392844951246 1384318139939 <div>Histologic Features</div><div>a. Poorly cel
lular neoplasm with loosely arranged stellate or fusiform cells</div><div>b. Abu
ndant mucoid ground substance between cells, very little collagen</div><div>d. M
ay have few small nests of odontogenic epithelium.</div><div>e. Lesions are not
encapsulated and tend to infiltrate surrounding bone.</div>
odontogenic myxo
ma
1392847311185 1384318139939 <div>Histologic Features</div><div>a. Formed of
masses of cementum-like tissue showing reversal lines.</div><div>b. Many rimming
trabeculae.</div><div>c. Resembles osteoblastoma and may be mistaken for osteos
arcoma.</div> Cementoblastoma
1392847958012 1384318139939 <div>Histologic Features</div><div>1) Nests of e
pithelial cells with clear or faintly eosinophilic cytoplasm. Clear cells are gl
ycogen rich.</div><div>2) Peripheral cells may show palisading</div>
<div>Cle
ar Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma </div><div><br /></div><div>AKA Clear Cell Am
eloblastic Carcinoma</div>
1392848876774 1384318139939 <div>Histologic Features</div><div>1) Epithelium

looks the same (benign) as in ameloblastic fibroma; sometimes has less epitheli
um.</div><div>2) The mesenchymal component shows increased cellularity of fibrob
lasts with pleomorphic hyperchromatic nuclei and atypical or numerous mitotic fi
gures.</div>
1393268932822 1384318139939 Chronic Osteomyelitis site of lession post man
dible
1393269062412 1384318139939 Garres Osteomyelitis ((Periostitis Ossificans) (p
roliferative osteitis) area in the mouth<div>-area outside the mouth</div>
posterior mandible<div>-tibia</div>
1393269121070 1384318139939 Bisphosphonate-associated Osteonecrosis (BRONJ)
area
mandible
1393269193240 1384318139939 Condensing Osteitis area
at the apex of a
tooth
1393269240375 1384318139939 Idiopathic Osteosclerosis area mandibular molar
or bicuspid
1393269260328 1384318139939 Cherubism (AD) area
bilateral jaw (mandible
= angle and ramus)
1393269487194 1384318139939 Pagets Disease (Osteitis Deformans) area
Maxillar
y >>>> mandibular disease
1393269523094 1384318139939 Fibrous Dysplasia area Maxilla >> mandibl
e; facial asymmetry, slow forming
1393269724884 1384318139939 Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma (Ossifying Fibroma) ar
ea
Posterior mandible > posterior maxilla
1393269793823 1384318139939 Cementifying fibroma area
Body of mandible
1393269838433 1384318139939 Monostotic Fibrous dysplasia area
Maxilla
> mandible
1393269854643 1384318139939 FCOD area<div><br /></div><div>PCOD area</div><d
iv><br /></div><div>FOD area</div>
post mandible<div><br /></div><div>anter
ior mandible</div><div><br /></div><div>all 4 quadrants</div>
1393269917675 1384318139939 Osteoma location
endosteal or periosteal
locations
1393269965408 1384318139939 Gardner syndrome facial areas<div>-other danger
areas besides the face</div>
jaw<div>frontal bone</div><div>fronto-ethmoidal
sinus</div><div>-colon</div>
1393270057894 1384318139939 Osteoblastoma area<div><br /></div><div>osteoid
osteoma area</div>
jaw<div><br /></div><div>jaw</div>
1393270092943 1384318139939 Cementoblastoma most comon area: maxilla or mand
ible or penis? Mandible (Molar/premolar area)>>>Maxilla
1393270155734 1384318139939 central vascular lesions are most common in whic
h oral area
mandible
1393270261489 1384318139939 Osteogenic Sarcoma area<div>mandible or maxilla<
/div> mandible = maxilla
1393270320153 1384318139939 Chondrogenic Sarcoma area
Maxilla>>
mandibular body & ramus
1393270389639 1384318139939 metastatic tumors to the jaw bones tend to metas
tasize most commonly in which areas: list from most common to least common<div>skull</div><div>-pelvis</div><div>-vertebrae</div><div>-mandible</div><div>-ribs
</div><div>-maxilla</div>
vertebrae > ribs> pelvis > skull> ma
ndible > maxilla
1393270554919 1384318139939 Origin of the metastatic tumor to the jaw bones
come from which sites? order them from most to least comon:<div>-kidney</div><di
v>-prostate</div><div>-breast</div><div>-lung</div>
breast (75%), prostate (
50%), lung (33%) and kidney (33%).
1393277692515 1384318139939 is acromegaly and giganticism comon or rare
rare
1393281737815 1384318139939 which of these conditions is most comon in white
people<div>-FCOD</div><div>-PCOD</div><div>-FOD</div> FCOD
1393281823123 1384318139939 which of these conditions is most comon in black
people<div>-FCOD</div><div>-PCOD</div><div>-FOD</div> PCOD<div>FOD</div>
1393281842276 1384318139939 in which of these conditions will you have corti

cal expansion?<div>-FCOD</div><div>-PCOD</div><div>-FOD</div> FOD
1393281888202 1384318139939 which of these conditions is most diffuse?<div>FCOD</div><div>-PCOD</div><div>-FOD</div>
FOD
1393281912442 1384318139939 which of these conditions is most well defined<d
iv>-FCOD</div><div>-PCOD</div><div>-FOD</div> FCOD<div>PCOD</div>
1392842588890 1384318139939 Ameloblastoma<div><br /></div><div>epithelial/mi
xed/or mesenchymal odontogenic tumor?</div>
epithelial
1392843160282 1384318139939 Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor<div><br /></div><d
iv>epithelial/mixed/or mesenchymal odontogenic tumor?</div>
epithelial
1392843174125 1384318139939 <div>Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor</di
v><div>epithelial/mixed/or mesenchymal odontogenic tumor?</div> epithelial
1392843187399 1384318139939 <div>Squamous odontogenic tumor</div><div><br />
</div><div>epithelial/mixed/or mesenchymal odontogenic tumor?</div>
epitheli
al
1392843210766 1384318139939 <div>Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma</div><div>
<br /></div><div>epithelial/mixed/or mesenchymal odontogenic tumor?</div>
epithelial
1392843229262 1384318139939 <div>Ameloblastic fibroma</div><div><br /></div>
<div>epithelial/mixed/or mesenchymal odontogenic tumor?</div> mixed
1392843257425 1384318139939 <div>Compound odontoma</div><div><br /></div><di
v>epithelial/mixed/or mesenchymal odontogenic tumor?</div>
mixed
1392843272530 1384318139939 <div>complex odontoma</div><div><br /></div><div
>epithelial/mixed/or mesenchymal odontogenic tumor?</div>
mixed
1392843293156 1384318139939 <div>Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma</div><div><br /
></div><div>epithelial/mixed/or mesenchymal odontogenic tumor?</div>
mixed
1392843312307 1384318139939 <div>Myxoma</div><div><br /></div><div>epithelia
l/mixed/or mesenchymal odontogenic tumor?</div> mesenchymal
1392843378888 1384318139939 <div>Cementoblastoma</div><div><br /></div><div>
epithelial/mixed/or mesenchymal odontogenic tumor?</div>
mesenchymal
1392843406726 1384318139939 <div>odontogenic fibroma</div><div><br /></div><
div>epithelial/mixed/or mesenchymal odontogenic tumor?</div>
mesenchymal
1392676746743 1390161073008 <div>Define:</div>comprise a complex group of le
sions of diverse histopathologic types and clinical behavior.<div><br /></div><d
iv>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Some lesions a
re true neoplasms.<div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> <
/span>Other lesions represent tumor-like developmental malformations (hamartomas
).</div><div><br /></div></div> Odontogenic Tumors
1392676801243 1390161073008 lesions that represent tumor-like developmental
malformations
Hamartomas (Innocuous "tumors")
e:pre"> </span>In the most recent WHO classification of odontogenic cysts and tu
mors in 2005, the odontogenic keratocyst was classified as an_____ Though long r
ecognized as the most aggressive of the odontogenic cysts, there has not been un
iversal acceptance that this lesion is truly _____<div>Both the old and new term
s are in common usage.</div>
odontogenic tumor<div><br /></div><div>neoplasti
c. </div>
1392848935812 1390161073008 what is the most aggressive odontogenic cyst?
Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor
1392849600502 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor Histology: Descri
be it the best you can. (all features) <div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e="white-space:pre"> </span><b>Sac with thin,</b> uniform cuboidal to squamous e
pithelial lining (up to 8 cells thick).</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>Basal epithelial cells are cuboidal to columnar
, with d<b>eeply basophilic nuclei.</b> <b>Reverse polarization (palisadin
g) </b>of basal cells is expected.</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e="white-space:pre"> </span>Luminal surface is <b>corrugated</b>, with a <b>thin
layer of surface parakeratin</b>.</div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e="white-space:pre"> </span><b>Fibrous capsule</b> is quite <b>thin</b> and may
contain <b>small satellite cysts.</b></div><div><br /></div>
1392849716248 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor Histology: F

ibrous capsule is quite thin and may contain _____
small satellite cysts.
1392849784406 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor Histology: what d
o the basal epithelial cells look like? Basal epithelial cells are cuboidal to c
olumnar, with <b>deeply basophilic nuclei. </b><div><br /></div><div><b>Re
verse polarization (palisading)</b> of basal cells is expected.</div>
1392849836138 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor Histology: lumina
l surface looks like? c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>Luminal surface is corrugated, with a thin layer of surface <b>parakerati
n.</b>
1392849874812 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor Histology:<b>&nbs
p;</b>how many cells thick is the epithelial lining?
thin: only up to 8 cells
thick
1392851172665 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Histologic- key
word that you see in this
<b>NESTS</b> of odontogenic epithelium
1392851233391 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Histologic- 1)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Nests of odontogenic
epithelium have a central core resembling ___ and a rim of columnar _____
stellate reticulum<div>ameloblasts</div>
1392851285398 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Histologic-Epithelia
l nests are separated by modest amounts of
fibrous connective tissu
e stroma
1392851309158 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Histologic- does it
have a capsule? NO, thus infiltrate into surrounding trabecular bony tissue
1392851335393 1390161073008 Infiltrating Ameloblastoma: Histologic- there ar
e numerous histologic subtypes. How is this significant?
4)<span class="A
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Numerous histologic subtypes exis
t but are of <b>little clinical significance (i.e., do not indicate differences
in behavior).</b>
1392866281872 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: Histology-1)<span class
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Most appear as a cystic cavity
lined with epithelium resembling ____ ameloblastoma<div><br /></div>
1392866375783 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: Histology-The cyst lini
ng shows basal cell layer resembling ____
ameloblasts
1392866517296 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: Histology-More luminal
cell layers resemble_______
stellate reticulum.
1392866547526 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: Histology-Some cases ma
y have tumor nodules proliferating into the lumen of the cyst.<div><br /></div><
div>What is the specific type?</div>
<b>plexiform</b> unicystic ameloblastoma
1392866596053 1390161073008 Unicystic Ameloblastoma: Histology-Sometimes the
cyst contains proliferating nests of ameloblastoma within its fibrous capsule&n
bsp;<div><br /></div><div>What is the specific type?</div>
<b>Mural</b>&nbs
p;unicystic ameloblastoma
1392874739032 1390161073008 Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor: Other n
ame?
Pindborg Tumor
1392875738222 1390161073008 Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor: amout o
f odontogenic tumors that are these?
less than 1%
1392875754715 1390161073008 Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor: age?
most common 30-50 (wide age range)
1392875774593 1390161073008 Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor: site?
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><b>71% occur
in the mandible.</b></div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Most occur in <b>posterior</b> (<b>bicuspid/molar</b>) areas.</di
v><div><br /></div>
1392875798805 1390161073008 Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor: gender?
not gender specific
1392875818121 1390161073008 Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor: most co
mmon clinical presentation
painless, slow-growing swelling.
1392875833217 1390161073008 Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor: if this
occured as a peripheral lesion (exraosseous) where would you see it? non-spec
ific, sessile gingival mass in <b>anterior jaws. </b>

1392875881109 1390161073008 Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor: can the
y be extraosseous?
yes can have peripheral lesion (estraosseous) lesion in
anteror jaw
1393278080835 1384318139939 mature or immature bone?<div><br /></div><div>-l
amellar</div><div><br /></div><div>-non lamelar</div> -mature<div><br /></div>
<div>-immature</div>
1393278154971 1384318139939 mature or immature bone?<div><br /></div><div>-w
oven</div><div><br /></div><div>-not woven</div>
-immature<div><br /></di
v><div>-mature</div>
1393278178306 1384318139939 mature or immature bone?<div><br /></div><div>-o
steoid</div><div><br /></div><div>-no osteoid</div>
-immature<div><br /></di
v><div>-mature</div>
1393278198939 1384318139939 mature or immature bone?<div><br /></div><div>-c
ells arranged parallel to long axis of lamella</div><div><br /></div><div>-cells
arranged randomly</div>
-mature<div><br /></div><div>-immature</div>
1393278249314 1384318139939 mature or immature bone?<div><br /></div><div>-m
atrix stains with eosin</div><div><br /></div><div>-matrix stains with hematoxil
in</div>
-mature<div><br /></div><div>-immature</div>
1393278288563 1384318139939 mature or immature bone?<div><br /></div><div>-m
ore mineralized</div><div><br /></div><div>-less mineralized</div>
-mature<
div><br /></div><div>-immature</div>
1393278311010 1384318139939 mature or immature bone?<div><br /></div><div>-f
orms slowly</div><div><br /></div><div>-forms rapidly</div>
-mature<div><br
/></div><div>-immature</div>
1393278770078 1384318139939 in normal bone what cells make normal bone<div><
br /></div><div>in abnormal bone what cells make abnormal bone</div>
osteoblast<div><br /></div><div>fibroblast</div>
1393279250452 1384318139939 what is an osteoid
same as woven bone= imma
ture
1393282788964 1384318139939 Histopathology: bone trabecular formation ad pro
minent osteoblastic riming, multinucleated giant cells in periphery.<div><br /><
/div><div>what two conditions can give you this histology?</div>
Osteobla
stoma <div><br /></div><div>and </div><div><br /></div><div>Osteoid Os
teoma</div>
1392845434129 1384318139939 true neoplasms (4)
1) cementoblastoma<div>2
) peripheral odontogenic fibroma</div><div>3) ossifying fibroma</div><div>4) ame
loblastic fibro-odontoma</div>
1392098563059 1389053809033 <img src="paste-1056561955119.jpg" /> <div>a.<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Usually children and
young adults</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>Tissue in pulp is vital.</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="
white-space:pre"> </span>Usually painless, except when biting on area</div><div>
d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Usually deciduous
molars and first permanent molar</div><div>e.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style
="white-space:pre"> </span>Associated with a large carious pulp exposure</div><d
iv>f.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Tissue growing
out of pulp</div><div><br /></div>
Chronic hyperplastic pulpitis (pulp poly
p)
1392098631443 1389053809033 <img src="paste-1172526072111.jpg" /> <div>a.<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Granulation tissue</
div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Chronic
inflammatory infiltrate</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>Surface covered by stratified squamous epithelium</div><div><br
/></div>
Chronic Hyperplastic Pulpitis (pulp polyp)
1392098676623 1389053809033 <img src="paste-1288490189109.jpg" /> Arrows d
elineate the previous roof of the pulp chamber.<div>Tissue growing out of pulp a
nd is vital.</div><div><br /></div><div>What teeth and age group do you see this
in?</div>
Chronic Hyperplastic Pulpitis (Pulp Polyp)<div><br /></div><div>
Usually children and young adults ( deciduous molars and 1st permanent molars)</
div>
1392098797360 1389053809033 <img src="paste-1481763717425.jpg" /> <div>1)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Sensitive to cold an
d possibly sweets</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pr
e"> </span>Sensitivity and pain subsides within 5-10 secs.</div><div>3)<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Responds to EPT with less cu
rrent</div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>U
sually needs stimuli to initiate pain</div><div>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>No pain to percussion </div><div> &nbs
p; a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Exceptio
n: cracked tooth</div><div><br /></div> Focal Reversible Pulpitis (aka pulp hype
remia)
1392098996649 1389053809033 <img src="paste-1584842932529.jpg" /> Etiology
?
Ireversible pulpitis<div><br /></div><div><div>1)<span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Large restoration</div><div>2)<span class=
"Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Gross caries</div><div>3)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Recurrent decay</div><div
>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Type, depends on
rate of destruction and death of pulp</div></div><div><br /></div>
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Increased sensitivit
y and pain to cold </div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace:pre"> </span>Lingers after stimuli are removed.</div><div>3)<span class="Ap
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May be sensitive to heat; clear in
dication of irreversible pulpitis</div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style
="white-space:pre"> </span>Variable response to EPT</div><div><br /></div>
<b>acute</b> irreversible pulpitis
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May be acute pulpiti
s that dies down.</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pr
e"> </span>Usually results from a long-term, low-grade injury.</div><div>3)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Mild, intermittent, dull
, aching pain that is relieved by NSAIDS.</div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-spa
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Lying down may initiate pain.</div><div>5)<sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Reduced response to th
ermal stimuli</div><div>6)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>Increased EPT response</div><div><br /></div>
<b>Chronic</b> Pulpitis
1392670854982 1390161073008 <img src="paste-45105746542991.jpg" /><div>all f
our teeth nonresponsive to electric pulp testing. Decreased deposition of physio
logic secondary dentin on the right central incisor (arrow) delineated the origi
n of the infection; endodontic treatment of this tooth resolved the lesion.</div
>
Periapical abscess
1392670901920 1390161073008 <img src="paste-45148696215806.jpg" /><div>Discr
ete periapical radiolucencies associated with the apices of the mandibular first
molar. </div>
Periapical granulomas
1392670973259 1390161073008 <img src="paste-45191645888757.jpg" /><div>Welldefined radiolucency associated with the apex of the maxillary first bicuspid</d
iv>
Periapical granuloma
></div> Large, well-defined radiolucency associated with the apices of the mandi
bular first molar.
Periapical Granuloma
1392671040085 1389053809033 <img src="paste-45341969744116.jpg" /> Ill-defi
ned radiolucency associated with the mandibular first molar, which exhibits sign
ificant root resorption.
Periapical Granuloma
1392671059658 1389053809033 <img src="paste-45367739547899.jpg" /> Granulat
ion tissue exhibits mixed inflammatory infiltrate consisting of lymphocytes, pla
sma cells, and histiocytes.
Periapical granuloma
1392671082125 1389053809033 <img src="paste-45402099286265.jpg" /> Dense, f
ibrous connective tissue with vital bone and no significant inflammatory infiltr
ate.
Periapical fibrous scar
1392671109415 1389053809033 <img src="paste-45436459024785.jpg" /> Periapic

al radiolucency of maxilla at the previous site of extraction in which both cort
ical plates were lost. The site was filled with dense collagenous tissue.
Periapical fibrous scar
1392671140906 1389053809033 <img src="paste-45470818763152.jpg" /> Well-cir
cumscribed radiolucency intimately associated with the apex of the mandibular ce
ntral incisor. Note the loss of lamina dura in the area of the lesion. Periapic
al cyst
1392671173176 1389053809033 <img src="paste-45591077847288.jpg" /><div>Discr
ete periapical radiolucencies associated with the apices of the mandibular first
molar.</div><div><br /></div><div>histologically it has acute and chronic cells
. Granulation tissue.</div>
Is this acute apical periodontitis or Chronic ap
ical periodontitis?
It is Chronic apical periodontitis for sure because you
don t see radiographic features in Acute apical periodontitis except a slight th
ickening of periodontal membrane
1392671714355 1389053809033 <img src="paste-45814416146831.jpg" /> Is this
a periapical inflammatory disease, a granuloma, a cyst, or an abscess? <div>You
need more info to know. You can t tell just from a radiograph. </div><div>
<br /></div>Because periapical inflammatory disease is not static and granulomas
can transform into cysts or abscesses (and vice versa) without significant radi
ographic change, it is not surprising that the radiographic features are not dia
gnostic.
></div> This was caused by the Rests of Malassez.<div>What is it?</div> Periapic
al cyst
1392672183516 1389053809033 <img src="paste-46097883988222.jpg" /><div>Large
unilocular radiolucency extending from the mandibular first molar to the contra
lateral first molar.</div>
<div>Histology</div><div>a.<span class="Apple-ta
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Inflamed hyperplasic stratified squamous
to cuboidal epithelium</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>Mucous cells</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Cholesterol<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span></div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"
> </span>Varied inflammation.</div><div><br /></div>
Periapical Cyst
src="paste-46239617908989.jpg" /></div> What is this? Chronic Periapical Granu
loma<div><br /></div><div><div> Granulation tissue exhibits mixed inflammat
ory infiltrate consisting of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and histiocytes.</div></
1392672394064 1389053809033 <img src="paste-46282567581946.jpg" /><div>Non-v
ital tooth</div>
<div>Histology</div><div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>Inflamed hyperplasic stratified squamous to cubo
idal epithelium</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"
> </span>Mucous cells</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Cholesterol<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span></div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span
>Varied inflammation.</div><div><br /></div>
Periapical Cyst (radicular cyst)
1392672463705 1389053809033 <img src="paste-46364171960572.jpg" /><div>Radio
lucency involving the bifurcation and apices of the deciduous right mandibular s
econd molar.</div><div><br /></div>
Etiology: Odontogenic rests. <div>N
on-vital tooth</div><div>mobility of adjacent teeth</div><div>Histology:</div><d
iv>Mucous cells, Cholesterol, inflammed hypeplastic stratified squamous cuboidal
epithelium</div>
Radicular cyst (Periapical)
1392672585411 1389053809033 <img src="paste-46484431044999.jpg" /> Persiste
nt radiolucency of the mandibular body at the site of previous tooth extraction.
Residual periapical cyst
1392672618337 1389053809033 <img src="paste-46518790783229.jpg" /> Inverted
pear-shaped radiolucency between the maxillary lateral incisor and cuspid (arro
w). The lateral incisor ultimately proved to be nonvital.
Lateral Radicula
r cyst<div><br /></div><div>(Lateral PD cyst is on a vital tooth)</div>
1392672660035 1389053809033 <img src="paste-46553150521619.jpg" /> A, Peria

pical radiograph of the left side of the posterior mandible taken at time of com
pletion of endodontic therapy of the bicuspid and molars. <div>B, Subsequen
t radiograph taken 27 months later. Note radiolucency between bicuspid and first
molar extending laterally from the mesial root of the first molar. </div>
Lateral Radicular cyst<div><br /></div><div>(endo means that it is non-vital)</d
iv>
1392672724150 1389053809033 <img src="paste-46596100194667.jpg" /> Well-cir
cumscribed radiolucency in the extraction site of the left mandibular first mola
r.
Residual periapical cyst
1392672756485 1389053809033 <img src="paste-46630459933020.jpg" /> Ra
diolucency with central radiopacity of the right mandibular body.
Residual
periapical cyst
src="paste-46686294507871.jpg" /></div> cyst or granuloma?
Periapical cyst<
src="paste-46780783788390.jpg" /></div> Cyst or Granuloma?
Chronic Periapic
al Granuloma<div><br /></div><div><img src="paste-46793668690382.jpg" /></div>
src="paste-46892452938094.jpg" /></div> what is this? Periapical fibrous scar<
div><br /></div><div><img src="paste-46991237185997.jpg" /></div>
/></div>
Periapical cyst
1392673103795 1389053809033 <img src="paste-47171625812334.jpg" /><img src="
paste-47193100648804.jpg" />
what is this? Periapical cyst<div><br /></div>
<div><img src="paste-47205985550776.jpg" /></div>
1392673147773 1389053809033 <img src="paste-47240345289074.jpg" /> A, Multi
ple hyaline bodies appearing as corrugated collagenous rings surrounding lymphoc
ytes and plasma cells; note early hyaline body filled with serum. <div><br
/></div><div>B, Multiple hyaline bodies with numerous multinucleated giant cells
within and around the corrugated collagenous rings.</div>
Periapical cyst:
Hyaline bodies
1392673218362 1389053809033 <img src="paste-47283294962024.jpg" /> The pt s
aid this appeared RAPIDLY and is painful to percussion. Parulis- "gum boil"<div>
<br /></div><div>Note the Discoloration of the tooth, indicating that it is a de
ad tooth</div><div>Untreated abscess became this so it is filled with pus</div><
src="paste-47790101103151.jpg" /></div> Pt states this is painful and appeared v
ery quickly.
Dental Abscess
src="paste-47845935677795.jpg" /></div>
Parulis- gum boil<div><br /></di
v><div><img src="paste-47858820579840.jpg" /></div>
1392673500833 1389053809033 <img src="paste-47927540056611.jpg" /> This is
a periapical abscess. How do you know which tooth it came from??
Gutta-Pe
rcha Point<div><img src="paste-47940424958643.jpg" /></div>
1392673596124 1389053809033 <img src="paste-47979079664186.jpg" /> what is
this? Periapical Dental abscess
src="paste-48026324304228.jpg" /></div> What is this? Top is Parulis<div>Botto
m is Cutaneous sinus infection</div><div><br /></div><div>Both are a result from
an abscess</div>
src="paste-48159468290402.jpg" /></div> what is this? Periapical Dental absces
s<div><br /></div><div><img src="paste-48172353192368.jpg" /></div>
src="paste-48219597832551.jpg" /></div> Dental abscess with Parulis
src="paste-48352741818738.jpg" /></div> Dental abscess with cutaneous sinus

src="paste-48790828483254.jpg" /></div> What is this? Ludwig s Angina<div><br
/></div><div>Medical emergency! Watch out for their airway to swell up and be bl
ocked!</div>
src="paste-48846663058096.jpg" /></div> What is this? Cellulitis from a dental
abscess<div><br /></div><div>Pt is at risk for Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis!!!&nb
sp;</div><div>Take this kid to the ER STAT! Medical Emercency</div>
1392674015986 1389053809033 <img src="paste-48984102011453.jpg" /><div>Now t
he pt has this: (pretend it is the same teeth)</div><div><img src="paste-4899698
6913134.jpg" /></div> what is going on?
Osteomyelitis from the dental ab
scess
src="paste-49044231553383.jpg" /></div> what is this
Acute osteomyelitis
src="paste-49091476193641.jpg" /></div> what is this<div>(hint: pt had SWELLING
and pain)</div> chronic osteomyelitis
1392674282778 1389053809033 <img src="paste-49241800049000.jpg" /> Person i
s 19 and had a history of pulpitis in the past Condensing Osteitis ( Chronic Fo
cal Sclerosing Osteomyelitis)
that radiopaque spot? <b>Bone scar:</b> Residual area of increased radiod
ensity in the area of extraction of the mandibular first molar.<div><br /></div>
<div>residual ara of condensing osteitis after extraction</div>
1392674573421 1389053809033 <img src="paste-49765786059109.jpg" /> what too
th is affected?<div>The pt is a child with large caries (see pic).</div><div>The
y have a history of pulpitis, but now have no symptoms</div>
1st mandibular m
olars most commonly affected<div><br /></div><div><b>Condensing Osteitis (Chroni
c Focal Sclerosing Osteomyelitis) </b></div><div><br /></div><div>Notice th
at it has to be from an infection of the pulp (pulpitis), otherwise it may be so
mething else that looks alot like this.</div>
></div><div>After extraction of 1st molar</div><div><img src="paste-499719444893
21.jpg" /></div>
what is left? Bone Scar<div><br /></div><div>The resid
ual area of condensing osteitis that remains after extraction of the associated
tooth is termed bone scar.</div>
1392841119965 1384318139939 how common are Ameloblastic Fibromas
uncommon
1392843543456 1384318139939 list from least to most common the three odontog
enic fibromas 1) odontogenic fibroma<br /><div>2) odontogenic myxoma</div><div
>3) cementoblastoma</div>
1392848658994 1384318139939 This very rare tumor is the malignant counterpar
t of ameloblastic fibroma.
1392848978489 1390161073008 Age of Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor &nbsp
;
occurs over wide age range; 60% occur between ages 10 and 40 years.
1392849049754 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor: Sites of Pr
edilection
may occur anywhere in mandible or maxilla;
1392849107963 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor: Symptoms
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Approximatel
y 50% of cases are symptomatic.</div><div><br /></div><div>2)<span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Symptoms include <b>pain, bone or soft
tissue swelling, drainage, paresthesia</b>; </div><div><br /></div><div>3)
<b>may be large without producing bone expansion</b>.</div><div><br /></div>
1392849168141 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor: do large ones pr
oduce bone expansion? some can be large without expansion
1392849189721 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor: do they all have
symptoms?
No only 50% do
1393270185019 1384318139939 <div>Most common</div><div>malignant tumors</div
><div>occurring in jaws (5)</div>
<div> Metastatic cancers</div><div> Multip
le myeloma</div><div> Osteosarcoma</div><div> Chondrosarcoma</div><div> Ewing sarco

ma</div>
1393270259991 1384318139939 <div>Most common</div><div>primary malignant</di
v><div>tumors occurring in</div><div>jaws (2)</div>
<div> Osteosarcoma</div><
div> Chondrosarcoma</div>
1393270629445 1384318139939 Most common tumors to metastasize to jaws (Gener
al/overall) (3) <div> 30% Breast</div><div> 20% Lung</div><div> 15% Kidney</div>
1393271504644 1384318139939 which is most common? condensing osteitis or ide
opathic osteosclerosis? idiopathic osteosclerosis
1393276177781 1384318139939 the most common fibro-osseous lesions osseous
/ cementooseous dysplasia
1393277112691 1384318139939 most common forms of cemento-osseous dysplasia
Focal COD<div><br /></div><div>Periapical COD</div>
1393277334986 1384318139939 most common primary malignant tumor of bone
multiple myeloma
1393283030739 1384318139939 #1 tumor in jaws
osteogenic sarcoma
1393284041972 1384318139939 is the most common malignant tumor involving the
bone. Metastatic carcinoma
1393284074883 1384318139939 Most common primary malignant tumor of bone:
Multiple Myeloma.
1393284102633 1384318139939 Most common primary malignant tumor of jaw bones
:
Osteogenic Sarcoma
1392848688606 1384318139939 50% of Ameloblastic Fibrosarcomas arrise from wh
ich type of tumors
ameloblastic fibroma <div>or </div><div>amelob
lastic fibro-odontoma</div>
1392841476000 1384318139939 arrange from most common to least common:<div>-n
eoplasm</div><div>-cyst</div><div>-odontoma</div>
odontoma>cyst>neop
lasm
1392841520517 1384318139939 are developmental anomalies more common tha
n neoplasms? or are neoplasms more common than developmental anomalies? developm
ental anomalies more common than neoplasms
1392841566738 1384318139939 are the most common types of odontogenic tumors,
exceeding the prevalence of all other odontogenic tumors combined.
Odontoma
s
1392843696052 1384318139939 This is a rare tumor. Even so, it represents the
most common clinical pattern of odontogenic fibroma. peripheral odontogenic f
ibroma
1392847129107 1384318139939 the single most common site for cementoblastoma
mandibular 1st molar
1393277160002 1384318139939 are the central vascular lessions unilocular or
multilocular? multilocular = honeycomb to soap bubble
1393277852031 1384318139939 most acromegaly/giganticism symptoms are due to
what specific problem enlargement of pituitary adenoma
1393277921629 1384318139939 <div>43 year old</div><div>Headache, visual dist
urbances, endocrinopathies.</div><div> Hypertension and heart disease.</div><div>
Tufting of the terminal phalanges</div><div> Dental manifestations: diastema, man
dibular prognathism, anterior open bite.</div><div>are due to what problem</div>
<div>-what causes the endocrinopathies?</div> acromegaly<div>-due to reduction
of other pituitary hormones</div>
1393278012855 1384318139939 <div>13 year old</div><div>Headache, visual dist
urbances, endocrinopathies.</div><div> Hypertension and heart disease.</div><div>
Tufting of the terminal phalanges</div><div> Dental manifestations: diastema, man
dibular prognathism, anterior open bite.</div><div>are due to what problem</div>
giganticism
1393278493097 1384318139939 fibrous dysplasia, reactive (dysplastic) lession
s, or fibro-osseous neoplasm:<div><br /></div><div>hamartoma</div>
fibrous
dysplasia
1393278562527 1384318139939 fibrous dysplasia, reactive (dysplastic) lession
s, or fibro-osseous neoplasm:<div><br /></div><div>Periapical cemental dysplasia
</div> reactive (dysplastic) lesion
1393278593936 1384318139939 is this lesion a fibrous dysplasia, reactive (dy

splastic) lessions, or fibro-osseous neoplasm?:<div><br /></div><div>Periapical
cemental dysplasia</div>
reactive (dysplastic) lessions
splastic) lessions, or fibro-osseous neoplasm?:<div><br /></div><div>focal cemen
to-osseous dysplasia</div>
reactive (dysplastic) lession
splastic) lessions, or fibro-osseous neoplasm?:<div><br /></div><div>florid ceme
nto-osseous dysplasia</div>
reactive (dysplastic) lesion
splastic) lessions, or fibro-osseous neoplasm?:<div><br /></div><div>cementifyin
g fibroma</div> fibro-osseous neoplasm
splastic) lessions, or fibro-osseous neoplasm?:<div><br /></div><div>ossifying f
ibroma</div>
fibro-osseous neoplasm
splastic) lessions, or fibro-osseous neoplasm?:<div><br /></div><div>cemento-oss
ifying fibroma</div>
fibro-osseous neoplasm
splastic) lessions, or fibro-osseous neoplasm?:<div><br /></div><div>juvenile os
sifying fibroma</div> fibro-osseous neoplasm
1393278849884 1384318139939 Benign, tumor-like (hamartomatous) condition cha
racterized by developmental arrest in bone formation. Fibrous Dysplasia
1393278923467 1384318139939 Represents sporadic, genetically based, extramed
ullary proliferation of trabecular woven bone & FCT Fibrous Dysplasia
1393279025627 1384318139939 <div>Boys = girls</div><div> Starts at early adol
escence, often stops at puberty +</div><div> Slow growing / asymptomatic rapid gr
owth and disfigurement.</div><div> Fibrous Dysplasia</div><div> Clinical Features:
</div><div> Maxilla >> mandible; facial asymmetry, slow forming</div><div> B
oys = girls</div><div> Starts at early adolescence, often stops at puberty +</div
><div> Could present as slow growing / asymptomatic to rapid growth and disfigure
ment.</div><div>single bone is involved</div> Monostotic fibrous dysplasia
1393279102701 1384318139939 (multiple bones) Polyostotic FD + caf au lait
Jaffe syndrome
1393279269948 1384318139939 most fibrous dysplasias grow fast or slow?
slow
1393279302900 1384318139939 <div> Radiolucent- opaque ground glass or orange pee
l</div><div> Ill-defined-blends with the surrounding bone</div><div> Loss of lamina
dura & narrow PDL</div><div>Polyostotic + caf au lait + Endocrinopathies</di
v>
McCune-Albright syndrome
1393279386121 1384318139939 <div> Radiolucent- opaque ground glass or orange pee
dura & narrow PDL</div><div>Fibrous dysplasia + intramuscular myxomas</div>
Mazabraud syndrome
1393279407155 1384318139939 <div>Radiolucent- opaque ground glass or orange pee
dura & narrow PDL</div><div>pt has lessions in the femur, maxilla, humerus,
and talus bones</div><div>and a brown discoloration on the skin</div> jaffe sy
ndrome
1393279466850 1384318139939 <div>Radiolucent- opaque ground glass or orange pee
dura & narrow PDL</div><div>pt has lessions in the femur, maxilla, humerus,
and talus bones, a brown discoloration on the skin, and early menses</div>
McCune- Albright
1393280070724 1384318139939 Jaffe syndrome and McCune Albright syndrome are
clinically similar all ways except... Jaffe does not have precocious puberty
1393280310482 1384318139939 A true neoplasm with marked growth potential, ar
ise from osteoblasts-fibroblasts
Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma (Ossifying Fib
roma)
1393280391166 1384318139939 <div>Clinical features:</div><div> Buccal and lin
gual cortical plate expansion</div><div> Asymptomatic, slow growth may reach a la

rge disfiguring size</div><div> F >> M</div><div> Posterior mandible > po
sterior maxilla</div><div> Radiographic features:</div><div> Well defined unilocul
ar RL or RL/opaque</div><div> Root resorption and displacement of teeth: frequent
finding</div> Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma (Ossifying Fibroma)
1393280438311 1384318139939 <div>Clinical features:</div><div> Buccal and lin
gual cortical plate expansion</div><div> Asymptomatic, slow growth may reach a la
rge disfiguring size</div><div> F >> M</div><div> Posterior mandible > po
sterior maxilla</div><div> Radiographic features:</div><div> Well defined unilocul
ar RL or RL/opaque</div><div> Root resorption and displacement of teeth: frequent
finding</div><div> A more cellular more aggressive variant.</div>
Juvenile
central Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma
1393280498358 1384318139939 cementifying fibroma vs monostotic fibrous dyspl
asia:<div><br /></div><div>which one is well difined and which one is poorly def
ined</div>
cementifying fibroma = well<div><br /></div><div>monostotic fibr
ous dysplasia = poor</div>
1393281128110 1384318139939 which lesions had ground glass apperance: cement
ifying fibroma or monostotic fibrous dysplasia Monostotic Fibrous dysplasia
1393281375233 1384318139939 when identifying cemento-osseous dysplasia why m
ust you test for vitality
because in cemento-osseous dysplasia you have vi
tality<div><br /></div><div>and</div><div><br /></div><div>in conditions such as
periapical pathology (absess, cysts)</div>
1393281929441 1384318139939 <div>Uncommon benign neoplasm composed of dense
cortical bone</div><div>o Clinical features</div><div> Occurs at any age</div><di
v>o Occurs at endosteal or periosteal locations</div><div> Slow growing, usually
asymptomatic</div>
Osteoma
1393281989053 1384318139939 Osteoma has a significant association with what
syndrome
gardner syndrome
1393282027089 1384318139939 <div>Part of a spectrum of familial colorectal p
olyposis</div><div> Multiple adenomatous polyps of colon and rectum</div><div> Cut
aneous epidermoid cysts</div><div> Face and scalp epidermal cysts</div><div> Desmo
id tumors</div><div> Multiple osteomas on X-ray: early marker (jaws, frontal bone
, fronto-ethmoidal sinus)- may cause</div><div>prominent facial deformity in man
dibular angle.</div><div> Multiple odontomas, supernumerary teeth and impactions<
/div> Gardner syndrome
1393282376856 1384318139939 if you have a person with colon polyps, multiple
osteomas and supernumerary teeth what condition do you think about
gardner
syndrome
1393282432887 1384318139939 in what two ways can we differentiate osteoblast
oma and osteoid osteoma osteoblastoma is larger (>2cm) and pain does not go a
way with aspirin<div><br /></div><div>osteoid osteoma is smaller (<2cm) and p
ain goes away with aspirin</div>
1393282564134 1384318139939 if you do not look at a recent radiograph cement
oblastomas can be confused with what other lession?
osteoblastoma
1393282723246 1384318139939 are Osteoblastoma and Osteoid Osteomas well defi
ned or poorly defined? well defined
1393282861986 1384318139939 gold standard for detecting central vascular les
sions aspiration
1393282911451 1384318139939 type of lession in which you see blushing and ca
n aspirate blood
hemangioma (low flow)
1393283028970 1384318139939 type of lession in which you hear bruit, see blu
shing, can aspirate blood
arterio-venous malformation (high flow)
1393283106361 1384318139939 <div>Pain more significant feature, loosening of
teeth, paresthesia and nasal obstruction and epistaxis (maxillary tumors)</div>
<div><br /></div><div>o Radiographic features</div><div> Moth-eaten RL or opaque
pattern</div><div> Sun-ray appearance in 25%, resorption of roots (spiky resorpti
on pattern).</div><div> Symmetric PDL widening</div> Osteogenic Sarcoma
1393283354959 1384318139939 <div>Swelling & loosening of teeth more sign
ificant > pain</div><div> May infiltrate considerably before causing expansion
</div><div><div><br /></div><div>Widening of PDL & root resorption may be al
so present</div><div> Sun- ray pattern present</div><div> Radiolucent or RL with r

adiopaque foci, ill defined</div><div> Lesion may rarely appear multilocular patt
ern</div></div> Chondrogenic Sarcoma
1393283490793 1384318139939 defining feature:<div><br /></div><div>osteogeni
c sarcoma</div><div><br /></div><div>chondrogenic sarcoma</div> pain<div><br /><
/div><div>swelling</div>
1393283712053 1384318139939 Chondrosarcoma of the jaws do not tend to metast
asize<div>T/F</div>
T
1393283752405 1384318139939 Chondrosarcoma of the jaws tend to metastasize<d
iv>T/F</div>
F - they do not
1393283828941 1384318139939 <div>Clinical Features:</div><div> Jaw involvemen
t is very uncommon < 3 % (must R/o metastasis)</div><div> Young patients (10 15 yrs) in the inferior parts of the skeleton (i.e.: femur and pelvic bones)</d
iv><div> Caucasians+++, M > F.</div><div> Pain and swelling are most common pre
senting symptoms.</div><div><br /></div><div>Radiographic features:</div><div> Mo
ttled or irregular, ill-defined, ML RL with non-corticated margins.</div><div> Co
rtical bone: expansion or perforation</div><div> Periosteal reaction: deposition
of bone: "onion-skinning" pattern</div><div> 75% of tumors: glycogen in the cytop
lasm of the small round cells</div>
Ewings Sarcoma
1393283879788 1384318139939 young white male<div>pain, swelling</div><div>mo
ttled</div><div>onion skin</div><div>glycogen in cytoplasm</div><div>dz?</div>
Ewings Sarcoma
1393283926036 1384318139939 <div>Pain, swelling, loosening of teeth and pare
sthesia</div><div> Well-defined radiolucency in # 18 (i.e.: mimicking simple cyst
) or irregular "moth-eaten" pattern of radiolucency.</div><div> Alveolar bone inv
olvement may resemble periodontal disease (i.e. vertical bone defect)</div><div>
radiopaque lessions in the breasts</div>
Metastatic tumors to the jaw bon
es
1393284000708 1384318139939 glycogen in cytoplasm think what dz?
ewings
1393284112140 1384318139939 A primary malignant tumor of bone of unknown his
togenesis<div><div>Occurs most commonly in young patients (10 - 15 yrs) in the i
nferior parts of the skeleton (i.e.: femur and pelvic bones)</div><div> pre
dominantly in whites; M > F</div><div> Pain and swelling are most common prese
nting symptoms</div></div><div>-prolif. periosteitis</div>
Ewings Sarcoma
1393284200435 1384318139939 <div>Clinical features</div><div> Typically seen
in older men (> 70 yrs., rare before 40)</div><div> M: F = 2: 1 / AA 2X > W
</div><div> Multifocal, destructive bone lesions throughout the skeletal system.<
/div><div> Vertebral column- 66%; ribs- 44%; skull 41 %, jaws 30%.</div><div> Pain
+++++ ((back/chest)++, weakness and fatigue (myelophthisic anemia), mucosal and
skin petechial hemorrhage, fever, susceptibility to infections, metastatic calci
fication.</div><div> Renal insufficiency/failure (myeloma kidney)</div><div> Monoc
lonal proliferation of plasma cells--- monoclonal gamma globulin (complete: M pr
otein; incomplete- light chains -Bence Jones protein) - circulate in serum and u
rine (30 %).</div>
Multiple Myeloma
1393284244466 1384318139939 Primary amyloidosis in an important complication
- i.e.: tongue- and periorbital waxy skin deposits may be the earliest manifesta
tion of the disease.
Multiple Myeloma
1393284287266 1384318139939 why is amyloidosis found in Multiple Myeloma
amyloid comes from the abnormal light chains of Ig being produced.
1393284340793 1384318139939 <div>Radiographic features:</div><div> Multiple w
ell-defined "punched-out" radiiolucencies</div><div> Destructive bone disease.</d
iv><div>pt is 70 years old</div>
multiple myelinoma
1393284363010 1384318139939 Langerhans Cell Disease ((Histiocytosis X) are t
hey neoplastic? no!
1393284421664 1384318139939 <div> Solitary/multiple bone lesions.</div><div> W
ell demarcated punched out lucent lesions in jaws and skull</div><div> Age vary f
rom young to old</div><div><br /></div> a. Chronic localized (eosinophilic granu
loma)
1393284463888 1384318139939 <div> Young children</div><div> Bone lesions + exo
phthalmos + Diabetes insipidus</div><div>punched out lessions in jaw and skull</
div><div>be specific...</div> b. Chronic disseminated (Hand-Schuller-Christian

)
1393284497833 1384318139939 <div> Infants</div><div> Cutaneous rash (anterior
chest more than other), /visceral-organ involvement /bone marrow involvement</di
v><div>punched out lessions in jaw and skull</div><div>be specific...</div>
c. Acute, disseminated (Letterer-Siwe)
1393284641447 1384318139939 new born with rash on chest and lessions in the
viscera and bone marrow and punched out lessions in x ray
letterer siwe
1393284707934 1384318139939 important triad in hand schuller christian dz
bone / exopthalmus / diabetes
1393284740763 1384318139939 "teeth hanging in air" think of what general cat
egory of conditions
Langerhans Cell Disease ((Histiocytosis X)
1393284780262 1384318139939 birbeck granules<div>think of what category of c
onditions</div> histiocytosis X = langerhans cell disease
1394467210086 1390161073008 beefy and large tongue with blindness<div>dz?</d
iv>
mucopolysacharoidosis
1394467282799 1390161073008 dz in which you see dental follicles expand and
connect with other radiolucencies in the jaw
mucopolysacharoidosis
1394467323646 1390161073008 why is there decreased salivary flow in gaucher
dz?
lazy macrophages acumulate in the glands, disabling them.
1394467427439 1390161073008 in gaucher dz jaw lessions disapear within weeks
of therapy<div>T/F</div>
F - only disapear with long term therapy
1394467472418 1390161073008 substance that combines with hemoglobin before h
emogobin goes to the spleen to be destroyed<div>-where is this substance produce
d?</div>
hepatoglobin<div>-liver</div>
1394467530363 1390161073008 B sheet dz highly associated with cardiomyopathy
(heart problems)<div>-fits under what category</div> heredofamilial amyloidos
is<div>-systemic amyloidosis</div>
1394468809113 1390161073008 type of amyloidosis where heart is not comonly i
nvolved<div><br /></div><div>type of amyloidosis where heart is comonly involved
</div> secondary<div><br /></div><div>heredofamilial amyloidosis</div>
1394468864335 1390161073008 most common inherited reason for increased uncon
jugated bilirubin
gilbert syndrome
1394470606504 1390161073008 alcohol and cirrhosis will lead to an increase o
f unconjugated or conjugated bilirubin increase in both!!!!
1394470650613 1390161073008 severe pain and jaundice is associated with what
condition<div>-prognosis?</div>
highly metastatic liver <div>-poor<
/div>
1394471091517 1390161073008 what two types of amyloidosis are there 1) organ
limited<div>2) systemic</div>
1394472239570 1390161073008 what type of systemic amyloidosis are there (3)
1) primary & myeloma<div>2) secondary</div><div>3) heredofamilial amyloidosi
s</div>
1394472972545 1390161073008 B - microglobulin type amyloid (AB2M) is associa
ted with what dz?<div>-cardiomyopathy</div><div>-hemodyalisis</div><div>-neuropa
thy</div><div>-Ig light chain deposit in liver</div>
hemodyalisis
1394473240461 1390161073008 chielating agents that deplete amyloid proteins
from the body colchisine
1394473295082 1390161073008 pt with alcohol breath that tends to take lots o
f naps<div>dz? (be specific)</div>
type I diabetes
1394473329858 1390161073008 which type of dz is associated with type I diabe
tes?<div>-sialadenitis</div><div>-sialadenosis</div><div>-sialoadenitis</div><di
v>-sialoadenosis</div> sialadenosis
1394473858731 1390161073008 dz name for hypercortisolism
cushings syndrom
e
1394473944417 1390161073008 what dz can you get as a long term result of cus
hings dz
diabetes
1394473964766 1390161073008 ACTH stimulates increase of what hormone
MSH
1394473993681 1390161073008 increased levels of ACTH will lead to primary or
secondary adrenocortical insuficiency secondary

1394474045198 1390161073008 is high ACTH a result or a cause of primary adre
nocortical insuficiency a result
1394474066184 1390161073008 pigmentation of skin from addisons is due to hig
h levels of what
ACTH
1394474096968 1390161073008 pt comes to your clinic sucking on ice. what do
you suspect?<div>-why are they sucking on ice</div>
iron deficiency<div>-to
cool down the burning sensation in their tongue</div>
1394474155751 1390161073008 4 differentials for angular chielitis mentioned
in lecture
1) vit B deficiency<div>2) iron deficiency</div><div>3) candidia
sis</div><div>4) loss of vertical dimension</div>
1394474203168 1390161073008 name 2 dz with noncaseating granulomatosis
1) crohns<div>2) sarcoidosis</div>
1394474237941 1390161073008 dz which is the oral manifestation of crohns dz
melkerson rosenthal syndrome
1394474283895 1390161073008 what 2 places would you expect to find apthous u
lcers in crohns dz
1) mouth<div>2) colon</div>
1394474326002 1390161073008 angioedema etiology<div><br /></div><div>melkers
son rosenthal syndrome etiology</div> C1 esterase deficiency<div><br /></div><
div>crohns</div>
1394474364326 1390161073008 <div>crohn vs angioedema:</div><div><br /></div>
1) quick onset<div><br /></div><div>2) slow onset</div><div><br /></div><div><br
/></div>
1) angioedema<div><br /></div><div>2) melkerson rosenthal syndro
me</div>
1394474419580 1390161073008 pt is on ACE inhibitors develops lip swelling<di
v>dZ?</div>
angioedema
1394475683185 1390161073008 association with internal malignancy:<div>-crohn
dz or angioedema?</div>
angioedema (lymphoma or leukemia can trigger it)
1394475753778 1390161073008 cobblestone with linear figures and noncaseating
granuloma
crohns dz
1394475774420 1390161073008 inflamatory oral manifestation in conjunction wi
th bowel disease that can be confused with a infectious dz due to pustules
Pyostomatitis vegetans
1394477575886 1390161073008 pt with marrow spaces markedly enlarged due to m
any trabeculae, hair on end skull and spiky roots<div>differential</div>
1) sickle cell anemia<div>2) thalassemia</div>
1391284424032 1384318139939 Only Candidiasis where, is an AIDS-defining infe
ction by CDC guidelines 1) bronchi, <div>2) trachea, </div><div>3) lun
gs </div><div>4) esophagus</div>
1391284925616 1384318139939 Candidiasis involving what specific anatomical a
rea is highly suspicious for being HIV-related. the oropharynx
1391285598537 1384318139939 anatomic area usually involved with Oral Hairy L
eukoplakia
a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>L
ateral borders of tongue
1390964269892 2094571718
<img src="paste-21728239550937.jpg" /><div><br /
></div><div> A, Low-power photomicrograph showing islands of malignant squa
mous epithelium invading into the lamina propria. </div><div><br /></div><d
iv>B, High-power view showing dysplastic epithelial cells with keratin pearl for
mation.</div> Well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma
1390964304575 2094571718
<img src="paste-21754009354482.jpg" /><div>The n
umerous pleomorphic cells within the lamina propria represent _____</div>
anaplastic carcinoma.<div>Poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.</div>
1390964337329 2094571718
<img src="paste-21788369092842.jpg" /><div>Altho
ugh no keratinization is seen in this medium-power view, these malignant cells a
re still easily recognizable as being squamous epithelial origin</div><div><br /
></div> Moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.
1390963882072 2094571718
<img src="paste-20272245637353.jpg" /><div>Leuko
plakic lesion on the right ventrolateral surface of the tongue.</div> SCC
1390963906649 2094571718
<img src="paste-20298015441134.jpg" /><div>An ex
ophytic lesion of the posterior lateral tongue demonstrates surface nodularity a
nd minimal surface keratin production. It is painless and indurated.</div>

SCC
1390963921777 2094571718
ophytic buccal lesion shows a roughened and irregular surface with areas of eryt
hema admixed with small areas of white keratosis. Surface ulceration is evident.
</div> SCC
1390963935773 2094571718
<img src="paste-20349555048686.jpg" /><div>Chron
ic ulcerated lesion on the right ventral surface of the tongue. The rolled anter
ior margin felt indurated on palpation.</div> SCC
1390963956761 2094571718
<img src="paste-20401094656243.jpg" /><div>Bone
involvement is characterized by an irregular, moth-eaten radiolucency with ragged
marginsan appearance similar to that of osteomyelitis.</div> SCC
1390963972424 2094571718
<img src="paste-20426864460013.jpg" /><div>An ul
cerated or endophytic lesion of the hard palate demonstrates rolled borders and
a necrotic ulcer bed. This cancer was painless, although it had partially destro
yed underlying palatal bone.</div>
SCC
1390963987485 2094571718
<img src="paste-20461224198386.jpg" /><div>Small
, crusted ulcer of the lower lip vermilion.</div>
SCC
1390964001459 2094571718
<img src="paste-20486994002160.jpg" /><div>Ulcer
ated mass of the lower lip vermilion.</div>
SCC
1390964020372 2094571718
ated lesion with surrounding leukoplakia on the posterior lateral and ventral to
ngue.</div>
SCC
1390964034117 2094571718
<img src="paste-20547123544303.jpg" /><div>Patie
nt neglect can result in extensive involvement, even in a readily visible site s
uch as the lip vermilion. This ulcerating lesion of the lower lip had been prese
nt for more than 1 year before diagnosis.</div> SCC
1390964052816 2094571718
ated, exophytic mass of the posterior lateral border of the tongue.</div>
SCC
1390964073213 2094571718
<img src="paste-20615843021041.jpg" /><div>Granu
lar red and white lesion in the anterior floor of mouth.</div> SCC
1390964096603 2094571718
<img src="paste-20641612824814.jpg" /><div>&nbsp
;Large fungating tumor of the maxillary alveolar ridge and hard palate.</div>
SCC
1390964110380 2094571718
ophytic lesion with an irregular and pebbled surface has a linear indentation al
ong its facial aspect resulting from pressure from the patients lower denture. Un
derlying alveolar bone was extensively destroyed.</div> SCC
1390964125502 2094571718
<img src="paste-20701742366958.jpg" /><div>An in
nocuous pebbled-surface change of the attached and marginal gingiva was interpre
ted as an inflammatory change until multifocal white keratoses occurred.</div>
SCC
1390964139145 2094571718
<img src="paste-20736102105323.jpg" /><div>Large
, ulcerated lesion of the right lateral soft palate.</div><div><br /></div>
SCC
1390964156586 2094571718
<img src="paste-20761871909177.jpg" /> <b>Squam
ous cell carcinoma, metastatic spread. </b><div><br /></div><div>Diagram de
monstrating potential sites for metastatic spread of oral carcinoma to regional
lymph nodes.</div>
1390964188744 2094571718
<img src="paste-20796231647470.jpg" /><div>Metas
tatic deposits within cervical lymph nodes present as firm, painless enlargement
s as seen in this patient with metastasis to a superior jugular node from a post
erior lateral tongue carcinoma.</div> SCC
1390964602331 2094571718
<img src="paste-22668837388533.jpg" /><div>The t
umor has produced a bulge of the posterior maxillary alveolar ridge and is begin
ning to ulcerate through the surface mucosa.</div>
Carcinoma of the maxilla
ry sinus.
1390964619962 2094571718
<img src="paste-22780506538434.jpg" /><div><div>
This patient initially appeared with metastatic carcinoma in the left</div><div>
lateral neck. </div></div> Nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

1390964648008 2094571718
;Poorly differentiated tumor exhibiting sheets of rounded tumor cells</div>
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
1389399194260 1357716934780 morsicatio buccarum is 2x more common in males o
r females
2x as common in Females s
1389976202156 1360692053906 <img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-17 at 8.31.27 AM.p
ng" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-17 at 8.31.22 AM.png" />
Stomatitis Medic
amentosa
contact stomatit
is
Angioedema
1390163922898 1360692053906 What is the most common immune-mediated lesion i
n the mouth?
Aphthous stomatitis
1390164050951 1360692053906 What type of lingual papillae are inflamed in tr
ansient lingual papillitis?
Fungiform
1390164641037 1360692053906 What is the mechanism for stomatitis medicamento
sa?
Type I hypersensitivity
1390165174852 1360692053906 What is the mechanism for contact stomatitis?
Type IV hypersensitivity
1390165497853 1360692053906 What is the most common pattern of chronic react
ion to restorative materials? Lichenoid contact stomatitis
1390165733358 1360692053906 What are the top two most common antigens to ind
uce a chronic hypersensitivity reaction?
Mercury<div>Gold</div>
1390166684831 1360692053906 <img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-19 at 1.25.00 PM.p
ng" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-19 at 1.25.06 PM.png" /><img src="Screen Sho
t 2014-01-19 at 1.25.10 PM.png" />
Behcet s syndrome
t 2014-01-19 at 1.32.21 PM.png" />
Sarcoidosis
t 2014-01-19 at 1.39.37 PM.png" />
Orofacial granulomatosis;<div>one or bot
h lips are large and rubbery,</div><div>mucosa may show edema, ulcers and papule
s;</div><div>buccal mucosae may have cobblestone appearance.</div>
ng" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-19 at 1.43.14 PM.png" />
Wegener granulom
atosis
1390433651862 1360692053906 What is the most common mechanism for angioedema
?
IgE mediated hypersensitivity
1390435390923 1360692053906 what are three mechanisms for angioedema?
IgE mediated hypersensitivity<div>ACE inhibitors (antihypertensive drugs)</div><
div>Complement pathways</div><div> - hereditary defici
ency of C1-INH</div><div> - acquired C1-INJ deficiency
</div><div> - high level Ag-Ab complexes</div>
1390435640013 1360692053906 What characterizes in Behcet syndrome? Chronic
ocular inflammation, oral and genital ulceration
1390435812134 1360692053906 What are clinical qualifications for Behcet synd
rome? Aphthous like ulcerations in oral area for 1 year<div>+ 2 of the followi
ng:</div><div>Genital lesions</div><div>Cutaneous lesions</div><div>Ocular invol
vement or + pathergy test</div>
1390436085067 1360692053906 which dieases showcase granulomatous inflammatio
n?
Sarcoidosis<div>Orofacial granulomatosis</div><div>wegener granulomatosi
s</div>
1390437406165 1360692053906 What are predominant sites for sarcoidosis?
lungs, lymph nodes, skin, eyes, salivary glands, ocular involvement
1390437594282 1360692053906 What are the two clinical syndromes from sarcoid
osis? Lofgren syndrome<div>- erythema nodosum=large red plaques on shins.<br /
><div>Heerfordt syndrome</div></div><div>- parotid enlargement</div>

1390437701472 1360692053906 How is orofacial granulomatosis different from a
ngioedema?
persistent, rubbery
1390437862296 1360692053906 What are clinical patterns of orofacial granulom
atosis? Cheilitis granulomatosis<div>- non-tender persistent labial swelling<br
/><div>Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome</div></div><div>- + facial paralysis, fissu
red tongue</div>
1390438141941 1360692053906 where does wegener granulomatosis affect?
respiratory tract, glomerulonephritis, vasculitis of small arteries and veins
1390438961511 1360692053906 what is the most common oral manifestation of we
gner granulomatosis?
Strawberry gingivitis
1390439054430 1360692053906 immunofluorescence is used to detect serum level
s of what substance in wegener granulomatosis? antineutrophil cytoplasm antibod
ies (ANCA)
1389199231533 1381262663025 <div>Clinical features</div><div><span class="Ap
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" sty
le="white-space:pre"> </span>show abnormal color (decreased translucence, increa
sed diffuse or <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>dema
rcated white opacities)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>st
ains tend to increase with age</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>enamel soft and abrades easily</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style
="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span>not especially caries-susceptible</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-spa
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace:pre"> </span>the mineral content is low, but organic content is high</div><
div><br /></div>
Enamel Hypocalcification (Opacities)
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Surface of crown may show shallow or deep depressio
ns (pits)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span
>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>If the insult oc
curs in the first two years of life, the anteriors and first molars are usually
involved. The cuspids, bicuspids and second molars are involved when the i
nciting event occurs at 4 - 5 years of age.</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-spa
pace:pre"> </span>May have numerous parallel vertical wrinkles or grooves</div><
div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>teeth may or
may not show discoloration (enamel hypocalcification, diffuse or demarcated opac
ities)</div><div><br /></div> Enamel Hypoplasia
1389201780503 1381262663025 <div>Clinical Features</div><div><span class="Ap
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Flat or polished appearing wear facets</div><div><s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Occlusal surfaces, incisal edges or in
terproximal contacts affected</div><div><br /></div>
Attrition
le="white-space:pre"> </span>areas are usually sharply defined and V-shaped or n
otched</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3)
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Exposed root surfac
es are most susceptible to toothbrush</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div>
Abrasion
1389201924382 1381262663025 Abrasion diferential
Abfraction
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Defects are deep and narrow</div><div><span class="
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>May be subgingival</div><div><span class="Apple-t
ab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="w

hite-space:pre"> </span>Usually bicuspids and molars</div><div><span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style
="white-space:pre"> </span>Usually facial side</div><div><span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>More common in cases of bruxism</div><div><span class="Appl
="white-space:pre"> </span>Slow progression</div><div><br /></div>
Abfracti
on
1389202391340 1381262663025 gastric acid will tend to erode which teeth?<div
>-maxilary </div><div>or</div><div>-mandibular teeth</div> maxillary
1389202422950 1381262663025 if mandibular teeth are affected due to stomach
acid do you assume the condition is:<div>a-quiescent</div><div>b-mild</div><div>
c-moderate </div><div>d-severe</div>
d- severe
1389202494540 1381262663025 perimolysis definition Erosion secondary to gas
tric secretions
1389202526263 1381262663025 Lesions appear as smoothly rounded, scooped out
depressions. Outlines are usually rounded and edges may be ill-defined.<di
v>in what type of dental condition</div>
erosion
1389202869546 1381262663025 <div>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>Presents as a uniform well-circumscribed pulpal<span class="
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>radiolucency in the pulp chamber
or canal.</div><div>c)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan>It may progress until it reaches the periodontal ligament</div><div>d)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Pink Tooth of Mummery - the
crown displays a pink discoloration</div><div><br /></div>
Internal resorpt
ion
1389202925316 1381262663025 type of resorption that may appear as a moth-eate
n area of tooth loss external resorption
1389203100917 1381262663025 <div>Presents as a uniform well-circumscribed pu
lpal radiolucency in the pulp chamber or canal</div><div><br /></div>
Internal resorption
1389204684568 1381262663025 <div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>small, localized masses of calcified tissue having structures
resembling dentinal tubules.</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>look more like secondary dentin than primary dentin.</div>
<div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>more common i
n pulp chamber than in root area.</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
"white-space:pre"> </span>"free" type does not appear to be attached to dentinal
wall.</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>"
attached" type is an extension of dentinal wall and is the most common type seen
.</div><div><br /></div>
True denticles
1389204744386 1381262663025 pulp stones look more like secondary dentin than
primary dentin.
True denticles
1389204766093 1381262663025 small, localized masses of calcified tissue havi
ng structures resembling dentinal tubules
True denticles
1389204903157 1381262663025 localized masses of calcified tissue with NO den
tinal tubules. False denticles (Dystrophic Calcification)
1389204923155 1381262663025 type of calcification that often show lamellar p
attern (concentric rings) around central nidus. False denticles (Dystrophic Calc
ification)
1389204950928 1381262663025 type of calcification that may be large enough t
o fill pulp chamber
false denticle
1389205206772 1381262663025 Common extrinsic stain of dental biofilm
Tobacco Stain
1389205223815 1381262663025 Light brown to black form tar and products of co
mbustion
Tobacco Stain
1389205424823 1381262663025 Thin line along gingival margin<div>found near s
alivary duct orifice</div><div>will most likely have what color of stain</div>
Brown Stain
1389205486784 1381262663025 stain that forms along gingival third near the g
ingival margin. Follows contour of gingival crest 1 mm above crest (mesente
ric line) will most likely have what color
black
1389205543560 1381262663025 Black stain teeth are often clean and shiny with
lower incidence of dental caries<div>T/F</div> T
1389205617537 1381262663025 Black stain teeth are not clean and shiny. Peopl
e tend to have a higher incidence of dental caries<div>T/F</div>
F
1389206076022 1381262663025 Occurs as thick "furry" deposit involving cervic
al one third of facial surfaces of maxillary incisors in young children<div>stai
n type</div>
green
1389370937413 1381262663025 Stain is associated with poor oral hygiene and t
here may be decalcification of underlying enamel.<div>what stain color is this</
div>
Green Stain
1389371174315 1381262663025 stain that is thick and hard and may have rough
surface Betel Nut Stain
1389371589829 1381262663025 Copper and brass cause what color stain green
1389371611122 1381262663025 Silver and iron cause what color of stain
black
1389371755978 1381262663025 Teeth may turn what color when devitalized
grey or grey-brown
1389371944563 1381262663025 Teeth Staining will appear green, brown or bluis
h due to what type of condition Erythroblastosis Fetalis (Rh Incompatibility)
1389372136557 1381262663025 Medical condition that May be associated with en
amel hypoplasia causing a ring-like defect near incisal edges of incisors and mi
ddle portion of primary cuspids and first molars Erythroblastosis Fetalis

1389372406872 1381262663025 Primary teeth may have green color if patient ha
s what medical condition
Biliary Atresia
1389372441971 1381262663025 <div>If jaundice can be corrected, permanent tee
th will be<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>normal</d
iv><div>T/F</div>
<div>T</div>
1389372593102 1381262663025 <div>jaundice can be corrected in biliary atresi
a, however, permanent teeth will never have<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="w
hite-space: pre"> </span>normal color</div><div>T/F</div>
F
1389372792752 1381262663025 <div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>red urine</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>photosensitivity</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" st
yle="white-space:pre"> </span>skin vesicles/bullae (fluid fluoresces red)</div><
div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>red to brown d
iscoloration of primary or permanent teeth; discoloration may not always be pres
ent.</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>sta
ined teeth fluoresce red.</div><div>dz?</div> Congenital Porphyria
1389374146952 1381262663025 drug that can can cross the placenta and cause t
ooth staining Tetracycline
1389374181456 1381262663025 Does Tetracycline cause intrinsic or extrinsic s
tains intrinsic
1389374366878 1381262663025 Tetracycline stain color
yellow
1389374378980 1381262663025 Does Tetracycline staining involve the entire cr
own or only appear in band like patterns
both
1389374517683 1381262663025 Developmental Alterations in the Number of Teeth
that can be associated with hereditary ectodermal dysplasia
Total an
d partial hypodontia (anodontia)
le="white-space:pre"> </span>May or may not resemble teeth to which it belongs</
div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span cl
ass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May arise from third bud fr
om dental lamina</div><div><br /></div> Hyperdontia (Supernumerary Teeth)
1389375660163 1381262663025 Cleidocranial dysostosis is associated with what
abnormality of teeth Hyperdontia
1389377666788 1381262663025 Gardner s syndrome is associated with what abnor

mality of teeth Hyperdontia
1389378728154 1381262663025 Abnormality of the teeth that May be confused wi
th fusion
Macrodontia of single tooth (focal or localized macrodontia)
1389378829716 1381262663025 One tooth with two completely or incompletely se
parated crowns <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>that
have a single root and root canal, is known as...
Gemination
1389378911360 1381262663025 Gemination is seen in deciduous teeth<div>T/F</d
iv>
T
1389378938485 1381262663025 Gemination is not seen in deciduous teeth<div>T/
F</div> F
1389379051603 1381262663025 Fusion may involve fusion of root canals<div>T/F
</div> T
1389379081654 1381262663025 Fusion does not involve fusion of root canals<di
v>T/F</div>
F
1389379093557 1381262663025 a single enlarged tooth or joined tooth in which
the tooth count reveals a missing tooth.is known as... Fusion
1389379641256 1381262663025 <div>Anomalous structure projecting lingually fr
om the cingulum area of maxillary incisor. Usually contains horn of pulp ti
ssue</div>
Talon Cusp
1389381010579 1381262663025 Single-rooted premolar teeth may also have prope
nsity for what dental abnormality
enamel pearls
1389381043283 1381262663025 The body of tooth is enlarged at expense of the
roots (seen only in x-ray).
Taurodontism
1389381059155 1381262663025 Means "bull-like" tooth Taurodontism
1389381480766 1381262663025 Paget s disease may also feature hypercementosis
, but how is it different than normal hypercementosis manifestations
lamina d
ura will disappear
1389381513493 1381262663025 Occlusal trauma may cause "spike" formation of
cementum
1389381525967 1381262663025 Hypercementosis is most common in increasing or
decreasing age increasing age
1389381889758 1381262663025 enamel has not formed to full thickness in what
type of Amelogenesis Imperfecta
Hypoplastic
1389381942995 1381262663025 <div>quantity of enamel is normal</div><div>enam
el is soft and can be <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp
an>removed easily (normal thickness)</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" sty
le="white-space:pre"> </span>poorly mineralized and chips <span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>easily</div><div>what type of Amelog
enesis Imperfecta is this</div> Hypocalcified
1389381990307 1381262663025 In the Hypocalcified type of Amelogenesis I
mperfecta the quantity of enamel is normal<div>T/F</div>
T
1389382079259 1381262663025 In the Hypocalcified type of Amelogenesis I
mperfecta the quantity of enamel is reduced<div>T/F</div>
F
1389382086179 1381262663025 <div>normal thickness, enamel can be pierced by
explorer</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span
>least common type of Amelogenesis Imperfecta </div><div><br /></div>
Hypomaturation
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Teeth in these classifications may vary remarkably
in appearance</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Both deciduo
us and permanent teeth are affected - crowns may or <span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>may not show discoloration (range from yellow t
o dark-brown)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Enamel may b
e totally absent</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Enamel ma
y be smooth, pitted or show numerous grooves - may undergo gross attrition</div>
<div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>5)<span class=

"Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Caries incidence not significan
t</div><div><br /></div>
Amelogenesis Imperfecta
1389382190390 1381262663025 <div>type of dentinogenesis imperfecta that occu
rs in families with osteogenesis imperfecta</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-sp
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>primary teeth affected more severely than pe
rmanent teeth</div><div>dz</div>
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta ("Hereditary O
palescent Dentin") type I
1389382231723 1381262663025 type of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta ("Hereditary O
palescent Dentin") that never occurs in association with osteogenesis imperfecta
Type II
1389382308529 1381262663025 type of dentinogenesis imperfecta of the "Bradyw
ine type." "Shell teeth" (discovered in a triracial population in Brandywi
ne, Maryland). III
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Bell-shaped teeth</div><div><span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>Amber color (blue-gray opalescent)</div><div><span class="A
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" st
yle="white-space:pre"> </span>Short roots</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span>Enamel chips off easily</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>Seen in both deciduous and permanent teeth</div><div><span class="
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>Roots fracture easily</div><div><span class="Appl
="white-space:pre"> </span>Teeth wear down fast</div><div><span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>8)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>Caries incidence not significant</div><div><br /></div>
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta ("Hereditary Opalescent Dentin")
1389382442447 1381262663025 X-ray features - no pulp chambers<div>dz?</div>
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta ("Hereditary Opalescent Dentin")
1389382473254 1381262663025 <div>Clinical and x-ray features</div><div><span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>1)<span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Enamel normal, but dentin extremely thin
and pulp chambers are very large</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="w
hite-space:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>Has sufficient and defective dentin formation</div><div><span class="Appl
="white-space:pre"> </span>Roots extremely short</div><div><span class="Apple-ta
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Clinical appearance normal</div><div><span class="Apple-t
hite-space:pre"> </span>Seen most often in deciduous teeth</div><div><br /></div
>
Shell Teeth (Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type III)
1389382497676 1381262663025 In Shell Teeth (Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type I
II) is enamel normal or abnormal
normal
1389382731741 1381262663025 <div>color of primary teeth and permanent<span c
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>teeth are normal in what t
ype of dentinal dysplasia</div><div><br /></div>
I
1389382768567 1381262663025 this type of dentinal dysplasia may be a type of
dentinogenesis imperfecta. Teeth may show bulbous crowns, obliteration of
pulp (some thistle tube-shaped pulps) (color of primary teeth is opalescent and
permanent teeth is normal)
II
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Appear clinically normal in morphology and color</d
iv><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Normal eruption pattern</div

><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3)<span class
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Both deciduous and permanent a
ffected</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4
)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Have short, pointe
d roots </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Exfoliated e
arly and often have periapical granulomas and cysts </div><div><span class=
"Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>6)<span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>Enamel normal, but dentin and pulp defective</di
v><div><br /></div>
dentinal dysplasia type I
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Teeth assume "ghost-like" appearance</div><div><spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-ta
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Both enamel and dentin involved</div><di
v><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3)<span class="Ap
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Pulp chambers large</div><div><spa
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Enamel layer often not evident</div><div
><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>5)<span class="App
le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Delayed or total failure in eruptio
n</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>6)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Shape altered</div><div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>7)<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Permanent teeth affected more than p
rimary teeth</div><div><br /></div>
Regional Odontodysplasia
1389403979179 1357716934780 what acute s/s of radiation dermatitis usually r
esolve within 2-3 wks after radiation treatment <div>acute s/s:</div><div>1)<spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Erythema</div><div>2)<s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Edema</div><div>3)<sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Burning and/or pruriti
s (itching)</div><div>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>May get frank ulcerations</div><div><br /></div> s
1389404052830 1357716934780 what are the late and or permanent s/s of radiat
ion dermatitis
<div>late and or permanent s/s:</div><div>1)<span class=
"Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Hyperpigmentation</div><div>2)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Hair loss</div><div>
3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Scarring</div><di
v>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Chronic dermati
tis may develop thin atrophic skin that is dry and may have telangiectasias (spi
der veins).</div><div><br /></div>
s
1389404137168 1357716934780 what might you get with chronic dermatitis from
radiation dermatitis
Telangiectasis (spider veins)
1389202964599 1381262663025 External resorption can happen in which areas
<div>i.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>cervical</di
v><div>ii.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>midroot</
div><div>iii.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>apex</
div><div>iv.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>impacte
d teeth</div><div><br /></div>
1389203024044 1381262663025 Pink Tooth of Mummery - the crown displays a pink
discoloration in what type of tooth abnormality internal resorption
1389203071437 1381262663025 Internal resorption may progress until it reache
s which structure
internal resorption
1389204211181 1381262663025 Pulp Calcification and Stones may begin in which
areas May begin as a calcification around a central nidus of collagen or necro
tic cells.
1389204472141 1381262663025 Diffuse calcification usually found in what area
of the tooth root canals
1389204590804 1381262663025 calcifications that are usually found in pulp ch
ambers are called...

pulp stones
1389204779808 1381262663025 True denticles are more common in the pulp chamb
er or the root area
pulp chamber
1389205235098 1381262663025 Tobacco Stain location
lingual, cervica
l of tooth. <div><br /></div><div>Also, pits & fissures</div>
1389205281338 1381262663025 Stain may penetrate into areas of exposed dentin
or cementum
smokeless tobacco stain
1389205367855 1381262663025 Brown Stain is found in what area of the tooth
Cervical
1389205464026 1381262663025 Black Stain location
gingival third near the
gingival margin
1389205648591 1381262663025 Black Stains are usually found on the surfaces o
f what teeth
maxillary anterior teeth
1389205686916 1381262663025 Black Stains are found on what surfaces of
teeth:<div>-facial</div><div>-lingual</div><div>-mesial</div><div>-distal</div>
facial<div><br /></div><div>lingual</div>
1389206116795 1381262663025 Green Stain occur in what area of the tooth
cervical one third of facial surfaces of maxillary incisors
1389371273251 1381262663025 Orange Stains involve which surfaces
facial a
nd lingual surfaces of incisors (usually gingival)
1389371632796 1381262663025 stains in this part of the tooth polish off&nbsp
;<div><br /></div><div>but </div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>sta
ins in these parts of the tooth may require bleaching.</div>
Enamel<div><br /
></div><div>cementum or dentin</div>
1389375103993 1381262663025 Hyperdontia (Supernumerary Teeth) occur in the m
andible or maxilla
maxilla
1389375132183 1381262663025 most cases of Hyperdontia (Supernumerary Teeth)
involve single teeth or multiple teeth 86% of cases represent single-tooth hype
rdontia
1389375206280 1381262663025 most common site of predilection in Hyperdontia
mesiodens-Between centrals
1389375249896 1381262663025 Hyperdontia of mesiodents has what size crown an
d what size of root
small cone crown <div><br /></div><div>and </d
iv><div><br /></div><div>short root</div>
1389375549399 1381262663025 second most common site of Hyperdontia<div>-also
known as</div> maxillary 4th molar <div>-distomolar or distodens (som
etimes called paramolar)</div><div><br /></div>
1389377924436 1381262663025 Microdontia of single tooth (focal or localized
microdontia) is common in what teeth
lateral and third molar
1389378432945 1381262663025 most common teeth involved in microdontia
Lateral incisor microdontia often familial "peg lateral"
1389378460422 1381262663025 2nd most common teeth involved in microdontia
Third molar
1389378515580 1381262663025 Macrodontia of single tooth (focal or localized
macrodontia) is seen mostly in what teeth
central and cuspid
1389379690831 1381262663025 Talon Cusp is most commonly seen in what teeth&n
bsp;
maxillary incisor
1389379855864 1381262663025 Additional Cusps (Cusp of Carabelli) is common i
n what teeth
Common on lingual of maxillary molars
1389379876161 1381262663025 Buccal accessory cusps are occasionally encounte
red on what type of teeth
molars and bicuspids
1389380395105 1381262663025 "Dens in Dente" (Dens Invaginatus) is most commo
nly seen in what teeth Maxillary lateral
1389380858604 1381262663025 <div>Enamel Pearls are usually found in what tee
th</div><div>-what is the second most common site</div> maxillary molars <d
iv>-mandibular molars </div>
1389381071515 1381262663025 Taurodontism is usually seen in what teeth
molars
1389381159355 1381262663025 Hypercementosis (Cementum Hyperplasia) usually i
nvolves the entire root area<div>T/F</div>
T
1389381207097 1381262663025 Hypercementosis (Cementum Hyperplasia) usually i

nvolves the apex<div>T/F</div> F
1389381222949 1381262663025 Hypercementosis (Cementum Hyperplasia) may only
be seen at the apex<div>T/F</div>
T
1389381245288 1381262663025 <div>this space should form a clearly visible ou
tline on the outside of the region of hypercementosis</div><div><br /></div
>
Lamina dura and PDL
1389381735213 1381262663025 Dilaceration most common teeth involved permanen
t maxillary incisors
1389381773133 1381262663025 Supernumerary Roots are most often seen in what
teeth on permanent molars (especially third molars) <div>and </div><
div>mandibular cuspids / premolars</div>
1389382526665 1381262663025 Shell Teeth (Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type III)
are seen most often in what type of teeth
deciduous teeth
1389399247082 1357716934780 <div><br /></div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-s
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Most commonly occurs bilaterally on buccal
mucosa at occlusal plane</div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace:pre"> </span>May be unilateral</div><div>e.<span class="Apple-tab-span" sty
le="white-space:pre"> </span>May affect lip mucosa also, even tongue</div><div><
br /></div>
morsicatio buccarum<div>sites of predilection</div>
s
1389399336223 1357716934780 This rare variant of traumatic ulcer is a chroni
c deep ulcer occurring in mucosa over muscle, usually on the tongue. It is
slow to heal. Eosinophilic Ulcer (traumatic granuloma)<div>site of predilectio
n</div> q
1389399441580 1357716934780 thermal burn <div>site of predilection</div
>
Site predilection <div> anterior palate, posterior buccal mucosa and
/or tip of tongue, depending on nature of heat source</div>
f
1389399843598 1357716934780 chronic chewing on lip is called:
morsicat
io labiorum<div>(chronic chewing)</div> s
1389399979278 1357716934780 chronic chewing on tongue is called:
morsicat
io linguarum<div>(chronic chewing)</div>
s
1389400000249 1357716934780 <div>Clinical Features</div><div>a.<span class="
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>History of trauma and short dura
tion.</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>U
lcers are well-defined, flat or cratered, and have tan surface membrane made of
fibrin or fibrinopurulent exudate; border may be red and/or rolled.</div><div>c.
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Ulcers are non-prog
ressive and recur or persist only if there is repeated trauma.</div><div>d.<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Chronic trauma may cause
hyperkeratosis which appears as white thickening of the mucous membrane and may
also have ulceration</div><div><br /></div>
traumatic ulceration <div>c
linical features</div> s
1389404419281 1357716934780 Histologic Features extensive hyperkeratosis wit
h ragged surface
Morsicatio buccarum (chronic cheek chewing)<div>histolog
ic features</div>
s
1389404930370 1357716934780 Histologic features of traumatic ulcer <div>His
tologic Features</div><div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span>Break in epithelium is covered by fibrinopurulent exudate.</div><div>b
.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Ulcer bed is infla
med. </div><div><br /></div>
s
1389404958822 1357716934780 Histologic features of Traumatic granuloma?
<div>Histologic Features</div><div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace:pre"> </span>Break in epithelium is covered by fibrinopurulent exudate.</di
v><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Ulcer bed
is inflamed. </div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>Histologic features inc
lude eosinophils within the inflamed muscle.</b></div> w
1389405131736 1357716934780 Histologic features of mild thermal burn
mild burn hyperemia, edema, inflammation
1389405171123 1357716934780 histological features of severe thermal burn
Severe burn coagulation necrosis of epithelium and possibly deeper tissue; plus
features of mild burn.<div>Mild burn hyperemia, edema, inflammation</div>

1389405206874 1357716934780 histological features of electrical burns
pace:pre"> </span>Coagulation necrosis of epithelium and possibly deeper tissue<
/div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Periphe
ral zone of hyperemia, edema, inflammation</div><div><br /></div>
1389405303152 1357716934780 histiological features of chemical burns
pace:pre"> </span>Epithelial sloughing (erosion)</div><div>b.<span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Inflammation with hyperemia and conges
tion</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Co
agulation necrosis (if severe)</div><div><br /></div>
1389398717158 1357716934780 Epidemiology affects 1 of every 800 persons at a
ny given time morsicatio buccarum (chronic cheek chewing)<div>epidemiology</di
v>
a
1389398746358 1357716934780 the most common cause of focal (solitary) oral u
lceration.
Trauma is the most common cause s
1389400210069 1357716934780 Defined as physical injury to the mucosa that pr
oduces an inflammatory host response, but does not break the mucosal surface.
Traumatic Mucositis<div>definition</div>
s
1389401092882 1357716934780 self-inflicted injury that is either intentional
or due to pathologic oral habit.
<b>Factitial injury</b><div>definition</
div>
s
1389401135346 1357716934780 injury inflicted by the health care provider
Iatrogenic injury<div>definition</div> w
1389401180949 1357716934780 what color surface membrane does a tramatic ulce
ration have
tan
1389401203761 1357716934780 do ulcers persist?
Ulcers are non-progressi
ve and recur or persist only if there is repeated trauma.
1389401238151 1357716934780 Chronic trauma may cause hyperkeratosis which ap
pears as ______of the mucous membrane and may also have ______ white thickening
<div>ulceration</div>
1389401287908 1357716934780 This rare variant of traumatic ulcer is a chroni
c deep ulcer occurring in mucosa over muscle, usually on the tongue. It is
slow to heal. Eosinophilic Ulcer <div>(Traumatic Ulceration Granuloma wit
h Stromal Eosinophila)</div><div>(Traumatic Granuloma)</div>
1389401782773 1357716934780 redness and swelling is defined as
mucositi
s<div>definition</div> w
1389404190366 1357716934780 define telangiectasis spider veins<div>definit
ion</div>
1389404299443 1357716934780 what are sialogogues, what is an example?
cholinergics used for treatment of xerostomia due to radiation therapy<div><br /
></div><div>Pilocarpine</div>
1389400455990 1357716934780 Diagnostic term: fresh injury with broken mucosa
l surface and no significant host response (yet)
Traumatic laceration<div
>diagnostic term</div> s
1389400501262 1357716934780 diagnostic term: injury with loss of surface epi
thelium and with inflammatory host response
traumatic ulceration<div><br /><
/div><div>diagnostic term</div> a
1389400531930 1357716934780 diagnostic term: chronic traumatic ulcer fr
om repeated trauma
eosinophilic ulcer (traumatic granuloma)<div>diagnostic
term</div>
s
1389400573507 1357716934780 what does TUGSE stand for? what are its other na
mes?
Graumatic Ulceration Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophillia<div>(Eosinophi
llic Ulcer & Traumatic granuloma)</div>
1389400694222 1357716934780 what do basic diagnostic terms indicate pattern
of tissue injury
1389400724315 1357716934780 <div>Modify basic diagnostic terms to indicate s
ource of tissue injury when known or suspected to high degree of certainty</div>
<div><br /></div><div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>Examples of denture injuries ?</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" sty

le="white-space:pre"> </span>Example of factitial injuries ?</div><div>3)<span c
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Example of iatrogenic inju
ries ?</div> <div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre"> </
span>Examples of denture injuries <b>denture sore spot, denture ulcer</b></div><
div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>Example of
factitial injuries f<b>actitial traumatic ulcer</b></div><div>3)<span class="Ap
ple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>Example of iatrogenic injuries
<b>iatrogenic traumatic ulcer</b></div><div><br /></div>
1389400807291 1357716934780 T/F. You should not use specific diagnostic term
s when dealing with traumatic tissue injuries because there are too many possibi
lities. F. <div>Use the most specific term that fits with the information k
nown to you.</div>
1389400878289 1357716934780 what is the most basic diagnostic term reg
ardless of clinical pattern for a chemical burn?
chemical burn
1389400926235 1357716934780 You should Modify basic diagnostic term to indic
ate source chemical when known or suspected to high degree of certainty.<div><br
/></div><div>What are some examples?</div>
<div>a)<span class="Apple-tab-sp
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Aspirin burn (acetylsalicylic acid burn)</di
v><div>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Anbesol bu
rn</div><div>c)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Hydr
ogen peroxide burn</div><div><br /></div>
1389400983040 1357716934780 T/F. You should use specific terms when dealing
with chemical burns
T.<div><br /></div><div>Use the most specific term, i.e.
, include chemical source, that fits with the information known to you.</div>
1389401378049 1357716934780 What diagnostic terms should you use with Submuc
osal hemorrhages? (types are diagnostic terms) <div>(diagnostic terms:)</div>Ec
chymosis<div>Hematoma</div><div>Petechiae</div><div>Purpura</div>
2
1389401467467 1357716934780 colors of submucosal hemorrages Varies from red
to blue to purple to almost black
1389401485179 1357716934780 what disorder do you NOT SEE BLANCING WITH PRESS
URE
submucosal hemorrhage
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Flat or elevated lesion with int
act surface</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>Varies from red to blue to purple to almost black</div><div>c.<span class="
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>DOES NOT BLANCH with pressure.</
div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May or m
ay not be painful</div><div><br /></div>
Submucosal hemorrhage<div>clinic
al features</div>
a
1389401564286 1357716934780 are submucosal hemorrhage painful
may or m
ay not be painful
1389401590350 1357716934780 pt has a flat and elevated lesion whos surface i
s intact. the color of the lesion is red/blue/black. there is no blanching when
you apply pressure and there is sometimes pain.<div><br /></div><div>what do the
y have</div>
submucosal hemorrhage
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Site predilection anterior palat
e, posterior buccal mucosa and/or tip of tongue</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-t
ab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Filmy white surface slough</div><div>c.
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Mucositis redness a
nd swelling</div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>Ulceration is uncommon</div><div><br /></div>
thermal burns<div>clinic
al features</div>
s
1389398973180 1357716934780 Morsicatio Buccarum (chronic cheek chewing) is 3
x more prevalent after age ?
3x more prevalent after age 35 s
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>White line, usually bilateral, a
long occlusal plane level of buccal mucosa.</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-s
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Surface is smooth; may be scalloped.</div><
div><br /></div>
linea alba<div>clinical features</div> s
1389399737052 1357716934780 <div>Clinical features:</div><div>c.<span class=
"Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Most commonly occurs bilaterall
y on buccal mucosa at occlusal plane</div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" st
yle="white-space:pre"> </span>May be unilateral</div><div>e.<span class="Apple-t
ab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May affect lip mucosa also, even tongue
</div><div>f.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Lesion
s appear as thickened, rough to shredded white areas. May have intervening
areas of erythema or erosion.</div><div><br /></div> morsicatio buccarum (chr
onic cheek chewing)<div>clinical features</div> s
1389400256055 1357716934780 what has a history of trauma and short duration
traumatic ulceration
1389401819863 1357716934780 are ulcerations common with thermal burns
no, <div>only seen in secondary burn or worse</div>
1389401847222 1357716934780 your notice a filmy white surface slough with re
dness and swelling on your pts tip of tongue. <div>what is it?</div><div>wh
at could have caused it?</div> Thermal burn.<div><br /></div><div>Hot food.</di
v><div>Ioatrogenic-hot wax, compound, hydrocolloid</div>
1389401956952 1357716934780 why are most electrical burns ulcerations
because they are typically very severe in nature
1389402071148 1357716934780 mild chemical burns only cause? erythema (redden
ing)
1389402126967 1357716934780 more severe chemical burns cause?
whitenes
s with mucosal wrinkling and sloughing
1389402157642 1357716934780 Clinical features:<div>pain<br /><div>Mild: eryt
hema</div><div>severe: whiteness with mucosal wrinkling and sloughing</div><div>
very severe: frank ulceration</div></div>
chemical burns<div>clinical feat
ures</div>
1389402251357 1357716934780 what do you see with severe chemical burns
whiteness with mucosal wrinkling and sloughing
1389402272512 1357716934780 what do you see with very severe chemical burns
frank ucleration
1389402289165 1357716934780 <div>Clinical features</div><div>1)<span class="
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>White surface changes followed b
y superficial sloughing</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>Residual atrophic epithelium is red, swollen and ulcerates easi
ly.</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Pai
n, burning and discomfort can be severe, preventing oral hygiene measures and ea
ting.</div><div><br /></div>
radiation mucositis<div>clinical features</div>
s
1389402359359 1357716934780 why do you get xerostomia with radiation therapy
Xerostomia is common as salivary glands are sensitive to radiation.
1389402414119 1357716934780 can you expect to let your pt who has had xerost
omia due to radiation therapy know that it will resolve eventually?
Loss of
saliva may be progressive, persistent and irreversible.
1389402489709 1357716934780 when do you see the effects of xerostomia from r
adiation
Effects begin within a week of starting treatment and severe xer
ostomia is common in first six weeks.
1389402512383 1357716934780 what are some effects of xerostomia from radiati
on
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan>Oral discomfort </div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>Difficulty eating and speaking </div><div>3)<span class=
"Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Increased risk of oral infectio
n especially Candidiasis</div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace:pre"> </span>Increased caries (severe) incidence most often cervical caries
</div><div>a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Called
radiation caries</div><div>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pr
e"> </span>Increased risk of traumatic lesions from physical irritation</div><di
v><br /></div>
1389402532786 1357716934780 what type of caries do you typically get with ra
diation caries cervical caries

1389402567878 1357716934780 what lesions are you at an increased risk for fr
om xerostomia due to radiation Increased risk of traumatic lesions from physica
l irritation
1389402635970 1357716934780 what oral infection are you at increased risk fo
r from xerostomia due to radiation
candidiasis
1389402660618 1357716934780 when does chemotherapy mucositis onset within a
few days of starting chemo
1389402691639 1357716934780 <div>Clinical features</div><div>1)<span class="
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Epithelial atrophy produces thin
mucosa that easily breaks down to ulceration.</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-ta
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Background is red and swollen.</div><div
>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Ulcers are super
ficial and covered by tan fibrin pseudomembrane.</div><div>4)<span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Pain, burning and discomfort can be se
vere, preventing oral hygiene measures and eating.</div><div><br /></div>
chemotherapy mucositis<div>clinical features</div>
1389402764829 1357716934780 _____ produces thin mucosa that easily breaks do
wn to ulceration in chemotherapy mucositis.
Epithelial atrophy
1389402801464 1357716934780 ____ are superficial and covered by tan fibrin p
seudomembrane in chemotherapy mucositis ulcers
1389402828846 1357716934780 ________ can be severe, preventing oral hygiene
measures and eating in chemotherapy mucositis Pain, burning and discomfort
1389403825029 1357716934780 Summary of Possible Head and Neck Effects of Rad
iation Therapy (8)
<div>Effects from what?</div><div>a.<span class="Apple-t
ab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Mucositis</div><div>b.<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Hemorrhage</div><div>c.<span class="
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Trismus</div><div>d.<span class=
"Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Dermatitis</div><div>e.<span cl
ass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Xerostomia</div><div>f.<spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Loss of taste</div><div
>g.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Osteoradionecros
is</div><div>h.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Deve
lopmental abnormalities</div><div><br /></div>
1389403955922 1357716934780 what is common in radiation patients
acute de
rmatitis
1389404480273 1357716934780 How can you distinguish morsicatio buccarum from
linea alba?
<u>Morsicatio Buccarum:</u><div><div>F>M</div><div>c.
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Most commonly occur
s bilaterally on buccal mucosa at occlusal plane</div><div>d.<span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May be unilateral</div><div>e.<span cl
ass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May affect lip mucosa also,
even tongue</div><div>f.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> <
/span>Lesions appear as thickened, <b>rough to shredded white areas</b>. M
ay have intervening areas of erythema or erosion.</div></div><div><br /></div><d
iv><u>Linea alba:</u></div><div><div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space: pre; "> </span>White line, usually bilateral, along occlusal plane level
of buccal mucosa.</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:
pre; "> </span><b>Surface is smooth;</b> may be scalloped.</div><div style="text
-decoration: underline; "><br /></div></div>
1389404882018 1357716934780 How can you distinguish Morsicatio Buccarum from
Leukoedema?
<div><u>Leukoedema:</u></div><div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>common, painless and persistent</div><div>2)<sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>considered a normal va
riation (not a neoplasm)</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace:pre"> </span>it appears to be more prominent in blacks (70-90%) and dark-sk
inned Caucasians <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp
an></div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>bil
ateral buccal mucosa shows a <b>diffuse filmy milky opalescence</b></div><div>5)
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>mucosa may appear s
omewhat folded, or wrinkled</div><div>6)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit

e-space:pre"> </span><b>**white appearance disappears when tissue is stretched</
b><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><b> </b> </span></div><di
v>7)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may also involv
e floor of mouth</div><div><br /></div><div><div><u style="text-decoration: unde
rline; ">Morsicatio Buccarum:</u><div><div>F>M</div><div>c.<span class="Apple
-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>Most commonly occurs bilaterally o
n buccal mucosa at occlusal plane</div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style
="white-space: pre; "> </span>May be unilateral</div><div>e.<span class="Apple-t
ab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>May affect lip mucosa also, even ton
gue</div><div>f.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>
Lesions appear as thickened, <b>rough to shredded white areas</b>. Ma
y have intervening areas of erythema or erosion.</div></div></div></div>
1389396744995 1357716934780 Etiology appears to be related to pressure, fric
tional irritation, or sucking trauma for the facial surfaces of the teeth
Etiology<div>Linea alba</div> w
1389397058461 1357716934780 <div>Etiology</div><div>a.<span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Chronic cheek chewing</div><div>b.<span c
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Chronic suction</div><div>
c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Underlying factor
s, optional stress, psychologic conditions</div><div><br /></div>
Etiology
<div>Morsicatio buccarum</div>
u
1389397645490 1357716934782 the most common cause of <b>focal</b> (solitary)
oral ulceration
Trauma is the most common cause
1389398007981 1357716934782 Etiology sources of trauma ulceration include:
<div>Etiology</div><div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>Accidental injury </div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace:pre"> </span>Factitial injury self-inflicted injury that is either intentio
nal or due to pathologic oral habit.</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" st
yle="white-space:pre"> </span>Iatrogenic injury injury inflicted by the health c
are provider</div><div><br /></div>
1389398180660 1357716934780 causes of submucosal hemorrhage <div>causes of:<
/div><div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Blunt t
rauma</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>P
ressure changes</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"
> </span>"Spontaneous" hemorrhage, contributing factors:</div><div>1)<span class
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Systemic bleeding disorders</d
iv><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Infection
s</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Immun
e-mediated disorders</div><div><br /></div>
t
1389398198713 1357716934780 <div>Etiology</div><div>a.<span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Extremely hot foods or drinks, especially
microwaved foods</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pr
e"> </span>Iatrogenic hot wax, compound, hydrocolloid</div><div><br /></div>
<div>etiology</div>Thermal burns w
1389398246537 1357716934780 Etiology contact or arc electrical trauma chewin
g on electrical cords, etc.
etiology<div>electrical burns</div>
2
1389398285104 1357716934780 Etiology:<div><div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span
" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Local toxic or caustic effects may cause burns
.</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>&nbsp
;self-applied by the patient to self-treat disease or pain.</div></div><div>c. I
atrogenic applied by the health care practitioner</div>
etiology <div>chemi
cal burns</div> 2
1389398364280 1357716934780 examples of self applied etiology of chemical bu
rns
<div>Self applied etiology:</div><div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" sty
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Aspirin</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" st
yle="white-space:pre"> </span>Over the counter topical pain medications (such as
Anbesol) contain phenol, hydrogen peroxide, eugenol or other volatile oils.</di
v><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Hydrogen P
eroxide</div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span
>Oral hygiene products toothpastes (especially tartar control formulas) and mout
hwashes</div><div><br /></div> w
1389398423076 1357716934780 iatrogenic etiology of chemical burns <div>Iat
rogenic etiology of:</div><div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>Silver nitrate</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>Bleaching materials</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-spa
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Acid etching products</div><div>4)<span class
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Topical anesthetics</div><div>
5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Endodontic materi
als</div><div><br /></div>
w
1389398463242 1357716934780 <div>Etiology</div><div><br /></div><div>a.<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Therapeutic Radiation &g
t; 40-70 gy (generally)</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>Systemic chemotherapy</div><div><br /></div> inury from antin
eoplastic therapy<div>etiology</div>
w
1389403743603 1357716934780 generally how much radiation is needed to cause
injury from therapeutic radiation
> 40-70 gy (generally)
1389405081918 1357716934780 etiology of "spontaneous" non-traumatic hemorrha
ges
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Syst
emic bleeding disorders</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>Infections</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>Immune-mediated disorders</div><div><br /></div>
1389402888790 1357716934780 treatment for linea alba
<div>Treatment a
nd Prognosis</div><div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> <
/span>May spontaneously regress.</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
"white-space:pre"> </span>No treatment is required.</div><div><br /></div>
1389402913570 1357716934780 Treatment for morsicatio buccarum (chronic cheek
chewing)
<div>Treatment</div><div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="w
hite-space:pre"> </span>Usually no specific treatment necessary.</div><div>b.<sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Some patients may need
acrylic shield to protect tissue.</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e="white-space:pre"> </span>Some patients may need psychotherapy.</div><div><br
/></div>
s
1389403093244 1357716934780 what would you treat with Orabase (with or witho
ut lidocaine) Traumatic ulceration
1389403301940 1357716934780 when <b>MUST</b> you biopsy a traumatic lesion
<b>If lesion does NOT heal within 10 days to 2 weeks of conservative treatment,
it MUST be promptly biopsied.</b>
1389403343408 1357716934780 treatment and prognosis of submucosal hemorrhage
<div>Treatment and Prognosis</div><div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>Evaluate for and treat underlying cause if non-traumatic</
div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Traumati
c lesions resolve spontaneously</div><div><br /></div> s
1389403440865 1357716934780 treatment of spontaneous, non-traumatic submucos
al hemorrhages? evaluate for and treat underlying cause:<div>systemic bleeding d
isorders</div><div>infections</div><div>immune-mediated disorders</div>
1389403566199 1357716934780 treatment of a submucosal hemorrhage that was ca
used by blunt trauma or pressure changes
the lesions will resolve spontan
eously
1389403610669 1357716934780 treatment and prognosis of chemical burns
most resolve spontaneously without specific treatment.
1389403647233 1357716934780 Treatment and Prognosis of electrical burns
current tetanus immunization and prophylactic antibiotics<div><br /></div><div>m
ay heal with significant scarring and disfiguration</div>
1389403699799 1357716934780 treatment of chemical burns
<div>a.<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Discontinue use of offending
chemical</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp
an>Patient education to prevent further exposure</div><div>c.<span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Palliative treatment</div><div><br /><
/div>
1389403913668 1357716934780 treatment for radiation mucositis

<div>Tre
atment</div><div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
Palliative anesthetics, analgesics, coating agents</div><div>2)<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Prevention of secondary infection</d
iv><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Resolves
slowly two to three weeks following cessation of therapy.</div><div><br /></div>
f
1389404227741 1357716934780 Treatment for xerostomia due to radiation therap
y
<div>Treatment:</div><div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>Salivary substitutes</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>Sialogogues (cholinergics) example: Pilocarpine</
div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Immacula
te home care for oral hygiene</div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Daily topical fluoride, usually prescription strength</di
v><div>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Regular an
d frequent professional dental care</div><div><br /></div>
s
1389404262721 1357716934780 when would you use sialogogues as a treatment
xerostomia due to radiation therapy
1389404350105 1357716934780 treatment for chemotherapy mucositis
<div>Tre
atment:</div><div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span
>Palliative anesthetics, analgesics, coating agents</div><div>2)<span class="App
le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Prevention of secondary infection</
div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Resolves
slowly two to three weeks following cessation of therapy.</div><div><br /></div
>
w
1389200359208 1381262663025 there are 5 Sources of water...name three:
1) naturally fluoridated water, <div>2) fluoride toothpaste, </div><di
v>3) fluoride supplements, </div><div>4) infant food, </div><div>5) so
ft drinks</div>
1389201507483 1381262663025 There are 5 Factors that Accelerate or Exacerbat
e Attrition (name 3)
1) End to end occlusion, <div>2) bruxism, </di
v><div>3) fluorosis, </div><div>4) enamel hypoplasia, </div><div>5) de
ntinogenesis imperfecta</div>
1389201683324 1381262663025 There are 7 Regressive Alterations...name 3
1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Attrition <d
iv>2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Abrasion
</div><div>3.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Abfrac
tion </div><div>4.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan>Erosion </div><div>5.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pr
e"> </span>Resorption </div><div>6.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>Pulp Calcification and Stones </div><div>7.<span class
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Cementicles</div>
1389202180295 1381262663025 List 4 GENERAL Causes of Non-carious Dental Eros
ion
1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Dietary<d
iv>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Medicinal&nbsp
;</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Regur
gitational </div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span>Occupational </div>
1389202570610 1381262663025 Resorption types
<div>1)<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Internal resorption</div><div>2)<spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>External resorption</di
v><div><br /></div>
1389204528806 1381262663025 Types of pulp stones
a)<span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>True denticles<div>b)<span class="Apple-t
ab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>False denticles </div>
1389205163183 1381262663025 Chromogenic bacteria may be responsible for what
color stain. 1) brown, <div>2) black, </div><div>3) green </di
v><div>4) orange</div>
1389371703995 1381262663025 Name some Miscellaneous extrinsic stains
<div>a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Stannous Flu
oride (8%)</div><div>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s

pan>Chlorhexidine</div><div><br /></div>
1389379925910 1381262663025 Dens Evaginatus is most often seen in what races
1) Asians, <div>2) Inuits, </div><div>3) Native Americans</div>
1389381397578 1381262663025 Hypercementosis is caused by what problems (3)
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Accelerated
elongation of a tooth which lacks an antagonist</div><div><br /></div><div>2)<sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Periapical inflammatio
n/infection (extended from pulp)</div><div><br /></div><div>3)<span class="Apple
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Tooth repair, following focal resorpt
ion</div><div><br /></div>
1389381850548 1381262663025 Amelogenesis Imperfecta <div><br /></div><d
iv>Three main classifications</div>
1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Hypoplastic type<div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style
="white-space:pre"> </span>Hypocalcified type </div><div>3)<span class="App
le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Hypomaturation type</div>
1389382890871 1381262663025 Regional Odontodysplasia proposed etiology
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Latent virus
</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Malnut
rition</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
Radiation therapy</div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pr
e"> </span>Local trauma or infection</div><div>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" st
yle="white-space:pre"> </span>Abnormal migration of neural crest cells</div><div
>6)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Local circulatio
n deficiency</div><div><br /></div>
1389199754799 1381262663025 enamel hypoplasia caused by exanthematous diseas
es (measles, chickenpox, and <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span>scarlet fever) occur during what years of life
the first 2 yrs
1389200205877 1381262663025 Ingestion of excess fluoride during what time pe
riod may cause mottling and hypoplasia tooth development
1389200273566 1381262663025 Extent and character of dental changes depends o
n concentration of fluoride ingested, duration of exposure, and age of exposure
(which years of life are the most critical)
2nd and 3rd
1389198244609 1381262663025 Turner s tooth; single tooth involvement caused
by
local infection/trauma
1389202646344 1381262663025 <div>Internal resorption is associated with what
cells</div><div>-what problems</div><div>-it is a responce to what</div><div><b
r /></div>
<div>associated with cells in the dental pulp -may follow pulpal
injury, such as physical trauma or caries related pulpitis.</div><div>-Inflamma
tory response to pulpal injury.</div>
1389202708955 1381262663025 associated with cells in the periodontal ligamen
t (may be associated with several factors) <div>type of resorption</div>
External resorption -
1389202743731 1381262663025 External resorption is associated with what type
of cells associated with cells in the periodontal ligament (may be associ
ated with several factors)
1389205328238 1381262663025 Yellow Stain etiology food pigments
1389205347911 1381262663025 Brown Stain comes from what
chromoge
nic bacteria
1389205746680 1381262663025 Black Stain composition Microorganisms. usually
gram positive rods
1389370972649 1381262663025 Green Stain possible etiologies 1) pigmenta
tion of Nasmyth s membrane (enamel cuticle).<div><br /></div><div>2) chromo
genic bacteria or fungus.</div><div><br /></div><div>3) bacterial enzymes o
r blood pigments from inflammatory gingival exudates.</div><div><br /></div>
1389371068964 1381262663025 pigment stain caused by pigmentation of Nasmyth
s membrane (enamel cuticle).
Green Stain
1389371513724 1381262663025 black staining of teeth is caused by what type o
f stain Silver and iron (metallic stains)
1389371785837 1381262663025 Staining of non-vital teeth is due to breakdow
n of blood pigments
1389371866180 1381262663025 why do aging teeth appear more yellow
Enamel becomes thinner and dentin shows through better
1389371911085 1381262663025 Aging Teeth may also be more subject to what typ
e of staining extrinsic
1389372041761 1381262663025 Why does Staining appear green, brown or bluish
in erythroblastosis fetalis
1) mother attacks fetus Rh<div>2) red blood cell
hemolysis inn fetus</div><div>3) bilirubin builds up in primary teeth</div>
1389372360552 1381262663025 Biliary Atresia is due to what problem Destruct
ion of bile ducts in neonatal period
1389372754218 1381262663025 cause of Congenital Porphyria
inborn e
rror of porphyrin metabolism <div><br /></div><div> characterized by o
verproduction of uroporphyrin</div>
1389372840606 1381262663025 why does Tetracycline cause staining
antibiot
ic binds calcium and is incorporated into bone and teeth.
1389373748815 1381262663025 Tetracycline is deposited only during what perio
d of time<div>-becomes highly concentrated in what area of the tooth</div>
dentinogenesis <div>-dentin</div>
1389375030559 1381262663025 Hyperdontia (Supernumerary Teeth) cause continue
d proliferation of the permanent or primary dental lamina
1389378490854 1381262663025 True generalized macrodontia is due to what prob
lem
giantism (pituitary)
1389379598599 1381262663025 Concrescence is thought to happen due to what
Thought to arise as a result of traumatic injury or results of crowding
1389381698910 1381262663025 Dilaceration etiology May be caused by <d
iv>1) trauma (injury) </div><div>or </div><div>2) alteration in angula
tion at the tooth germ during root formation</div>
1389382679456 1381262663025 Dentinal Dysplasia ("Rootless Teeth") etiology
Apparently is a degeneration within the dental papillae
1389205306916 1381262663025 Yellow Stain is common to what ages
all
1389205938442 1381262663025 Black Stain is more common in childhood or adult
hood
childhoor
1389371417253 1381262663025 Orange Stains are seen in children or adults
children
1389204878764 1381262663025 most common type of true denticle
attached
1389382698989 1381262663025 most common type of Dentinal Dysplasia ("Rootles
s Teeth") I
1389202777232 1381262663025 which resorption is more common? internal or ext
ernal external
1389204184319 1381262663025 does incidence of Pulp Calcification and Stones
increase or decrease with age increase
1389205986131 1381262663025 Black Stains are more common in males or females
females
1389206011954 1381262663025 Black Stains are most often found in clean or un
clean mouths
clean
1389206034855 1381262663025 Black Stains reocur or do not reocur
reocur
1389206150253 1381262663025 Green Stains are more frequent in boys or girls
boys
1389371443480 1381262663025 Orange Stains are frequent or infrequent
infrequent
1389374425724 1381262663025 tetracycline is contraindicated for what populat
ion
children less than 7 or 8 years of age <div><br /></div><div>and&nb
sp;</div><div><br /></div><div>contraindicated in pregnant women.</div>
1389374577259 1381262663025 Partial hypodontia (anodontia) is uncommon in wh
at type of teeth
deciduous teeth
1389374760707 1381262663025 congenitally missing deciduous teeth are common
or uncommon
uncommon
1389374793317 1381262663025 Teeth most commonly affected with partial hypodo
ntia
<div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>third
molar (20-23% of population)</div><div><br /></div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>max. and mand. 2nd bicuspid (1.9% of popu

lation)</div><div><br /></div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>maxillary lateral (2.1% of population) (higher in<span class="A
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>females)</div><div><br /></div>
1389374870594 1381262663025 partial hypodontia more commonly seen in females
max lateral
1389377781941 1381262663025 <div>True generalized microdontia</div><div><spa
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Seen in the following patients:</div><di
v>(name two)</div>
<div>a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:p
re"> </span>Dwarfism (pituitary)</div><div>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
"white-space:pre"> </span>Downs syndrome</div>
1389199641694 1381262663025 exanthematous diseases will cause what tooth abn
ormality
Enamel Hypoplasia
1389199682694 1381262663025 measles puts you at risk for what tooth ab
normality Enamel Hypoplasia
1389199714408 1381262663025 chickenpox puts you at risk for what tooth abnor
mality enamel hypoplasia
1389199740652 1381262663025 scarlet fever puts you at risk for what tooth ab
normality
enamel hypoplasia
1389199803573 1381262663025 antineoplastic therapy will cause what teeth abn
ormality
Enamel Hypoplasia
1389199877408 1381262663025 nutritional deficiency can cause what tooth abno
rmality enamel hypoplasia
1389199909375 1381262663025 congenital syphilis can cause what tooth abnorma
lity
enamel hypoplasia
1389199930437 1381262663025 hutchinson s incisors can cause what tooth abnor
mality enamel hypoplasia
1389199952249 1381262663025 mulberry molars can cause what tooth abnormality
enamel hypoplasia
1389199968885 1381262663025 hypocalcemia can cause what tooth abnormality
enamel hypoplasia
1389199988063 1381262663025 ingestion of fluoride >1ppm can ca
use what tooth abnormality
enamel hypoplasia
1389200013949 1381262663025 cheesy molars can cause what tooth ab
normality
enamel hypoplasia
1389200062696 1381262663025 type of tooth abonrmality seen in northern europ
e in which molars are very sensitive and the enamel is lost very easily<div>-und
er what category does this disease fall under</div>
cheesy molar<div>-enamel
hypoplasia</div>
1389200151825 1381262663025 Ingestion of this excess chemical during tooth d
evelopment may cause mottling and hypoplasia
fluoride
1389200230770 1381262663025 Ingestion of excess fluoride during tooth develo
pment may cause mottling and hypoplasia
1389200247008 1381262663025 excess consumption of this chemical Causes incre
ased surface and subsurface porosity
fluoride
1389201571060 1381262663025 End to end occlusion puts you at risk for what t
ooth abnormality
attrition
1389201618407 1381262663025 bruxism puts you at risk for what tooth abnormal
ity
attrition
1389201633038 1381262663025 enamel hypoplasia puts you at risk for what toot
h abnormality attrition
1389201668628 1381262663025 dentinogenesis imperfecta puts you at risk for w
hat tooth abnormality attrition
1389201882311 1381262663025 which surfaces are most susceptible to toothbrus
h abrasion
Exposed root
1389202011967 1381262663025 Geritol puts you at risk for what tooth abnormal
ity
Erosion
1389202060940 1381262663025 chewable vitamin C can put you at risk for what
dental abnormality
Erosion
1389202134068 1381262663025 hiatal hernia can put you at risk for what denta
l abnormality erosion
1389202170106 1381262663025 stress can put you at risk for what dental abnor
mality erosion
1389202258212 1381262663025 <div>this type of habit typically erodes labial
surfaces of maxillary anterior teeth</div><div><br /></div>
Citrus fruit con
sumption
1389202349524 1381262663025 acid originating from where will usually erode l
ingual surfaces of all `maxillary teeth, especially anteriors Stomach acid&nbs
p;
1389203137510 1381262663025 injury to periodontal ligament will put you at r
isk for what type of resorption external
1389203636989 1381262663025 tooth trauma will put you at risk for what type
of resorption external
1389203799169 1381262663025 inflammations/infections will put you at risk fo
r what type of resorption
external
1389203822724 1381262663025 tumor or cysts will put you at risk for what typ
e of resorption external<div><br /></div><div>and</div><div><br /></div><div>int
ernal</div>
1389203832618 1381262663025 systemic bone dz will put you at risk for what t
ype of resorption
external
1389203843065 1381262663025 reimplantation of teeth will put you at risk for
what type of resorption<div>-why</div> external<div>-no viable periodontal liga
ment</div>
1389203872234 1381262663025 tooth movement will put you at risk for what typ
e of resorption external
1389203883052 1381262663025 excessive mechanical force will put you at risk
for what type of resorption
external
1389203903053 1381262663025 occlusal force will put you at risk for what typ
e of resorption external
1389203918847 1381262663025 impaction of teeth will put you at risk for what
type of resorption
external
1389203934510 1381262663025 activation of osteoclasts will put you at risk f
or what type of resorption
internal
1389203956747 1381262663025 activation of dentinoclasts will put you at risk
for what type of resorption
internal
1389203969769 1381262663025 pulpal inflamation will put you at risk for what
type of resorption
internal
1389379361170 1381262663025 What is the main complication of Concrescence&nb
sp;
difficulty extracting teeth
1389379830931 1381262663025 Talon Cusp produces what dental problems
It may pose problems of esthetics and caries control
1389381094226 1381262663025 Taurodontism is associated with what syndromes
1) Down, <div>2) Klinefelters</div>
1389382948173 1381262663025 <div>Syndromes and other conditions associated w
ith Regional </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span>Odontodysplasia </div><div><br /></div> <div>1)<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Ectodermal dysplasia</div><div>2)<sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Epidermal nevi</div><d
iv>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Rh factor inco
mpatibility</div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>Neurofibromatosis</div><div><br /></div>
1389198143334 1381262663025 Define -<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>incomplete or defective formation of the organic enamel mat
rix of teeth that results in pits, grooves, or larger areas of missing enamel. &
nbsp;Normal hardness. Enamel Hypoplasia
1389198161938 1381262663025 Turner s tooth is related to what tooth abnormal
ity
Enamel Hypoplasia
1389199428075 1381262663025 Define - defective mineralization of the formed
matrix Enamel Hypocalcification (Opacities)
1389201495122 1381262663025 Define - Physiologic wearing away of tooth struc

ture as a result of tooth to tooth contact
Attrition
1389201805029 1381262663025 <div>Define - Pathologic wearing away of tooth s
tructure by abnormal </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace:pre"> </span> mechanical processes</div><div><br /></div> Abrasion

1389201954121 1381262663025 Define Wedge-shaped defect at the cervical area
of the tooth
Abfraction
1389201969325 1381262663025 Closely resembles abrasion
Abfraction
1389201999094 1381262663025 Define - Loss of tooth structure by a non-bacter
ial chemical action
Erosion
1389202511907 1381262663025 Erosion secondary to gastric secretions is terme
d
perimolysis
1389202558166 1381262663025 Define - Removal of tooth (usually root) structu
re by physiologic <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>p
rocesses of adjacent tissue.
Resorption
1389202604402 1381262663025 <div>associated with cells in the dental pulp (m
ay follow pulpal injury, such as physical trauma or caries related pulpitis.&nbs
p;Inflammatory response to pulpal injury.</div><div>(type of resorption)</div>
Internal resorption -
1389204168495 1381262663025 Define - Calcified tissue formed within pulp tis
sue
Pulp Calcification and Stones
1389204813801 1381262663025 type of true denticle that does not appear to be
attached to dentinal wall
"free"
1389204967714 1381262663025 <div>Define</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-spa
pace:pre"> </span>Small foci of calcified tissue in periodontal ligament</div><d
iv><br /></div> Cementicles
1389371735873 1381262663025 <div>Define -<span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
"white-space:pre"> </span>Stains caused by pigment deposition inside tooth durin
g </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>t
ooth development.</div><div><br /></div>
Intrinsic Stains
1389374466519 1381262663025 Define - missing or absence of teeth
Hypodont
ia (Anadontia)
e-space:pre"> </span>all teeth are missing (may involve both deciduous and perma
nent dentition). (both names) Total hypodontia (anodontia)
1389374949698 1381262663025 definition: Teeth clinically absent due to impac
tion or delayed eruption Pseudoanodontia
1389374981377 1381262663025 definition: When teeth have been exfoliated or e
xtracted
False anodontia
1389374998409 1381262663025 Define - accessory teeth
Hyperdontia (Sup
ernumerary Teeth)
1389375613197 1381262663025 <div>Small or rudimentary tooth in molar region.
</div><div>May be buccal, lingual, or interproximal location</div><div>what is t
he name of this tooth</div>
Paramolars
1389377685941 1381262663025 teeth appearing at time of birth are called...
Natal teeth
1389377717948 1381262663025 teeth appearing within 6 months following birth
are known as... Neonatal teeth
1389377743174 1381262663025 <div>Post-permanent teeth definition</div>
<div>supernumerary teeth appearing after loss of permanent (rare)</div>
1389377769134 1381262663025 Define - smaller teeth than normal
Microdon
tia
1389377867557 1381262663025 Slightly smaller than normal teeth present in ja
ws that are somewhat larger than normal (macrognathia) is known as what Relative
generalized microdontia
1389377910323 1381262663025 in jaws that are somewhat larger than normal (te
rm)
macrognathia
1389378479056 1381262663025 Define - larger teeth than normal
Macrodon
tia
1389378771635 1381262663025 how do you differentiate btwn germination and fu
sion
<div>(if there are no missing teeth = germination)</div><div><br /></div
><div>(if there are missing teeth = fusion)</div><div><br /></div>
1389378810130 1381262663025 Attempted division of single tooth germ is know
as... Gemination
1389378946397 1381262663025 single enlarged tooth or joined tooth in which t
he tooth count is normal. is known as...
Gemination
1389379000110 1381262663025 union of two separate tooth germs
Fusion&n
bsp;
1389379015677 1381262663025 term that indicates union to form large tooth or
may be union by roots only
Fusion
1389379138219 1381262663025 Form at fusion which occurs after root formation
<div><br /></div><div>definition</div> Concrescence
1389379346315 1381262663025 Teeth united by cementum only<div><br /></div><d
iv>definition</div>
1389379899041 1381262663025 Define - cusp-like elevation of enamel located i
n central groove on lingual ridge of the buccal cusp of permanent bicuspids and
molars. Dens Evaginatus
1389380375192 1381262663025 Arise as a result of an invagination in the surf
ace of a tooth crown before calcification
"Dens in Dente" (Dens Invaginatu
s)
1389380525998 1381262663025 <div>Tiny globule of enamel found near bifurcati
on on root surface near cemento-enamel junction</div>
Enamel Pearl&nbs
p;
1389381143426 1381262663025 Define - excess secondary cementum on root surfa
ces
Hypercementosis (Cementum Hyperplasia)
1389381685447 1381262663025 Angulation, bend, or curvature in root or crown
Dilaceration
1389381760566 1381262663025 Define - increased number of roots as compared t
o normal number Supernumerary Roots
e-space:pre"> </span>inherited disease that affects the enamel (entirely an ecto
dermal disturbance)
Amelogenesis Imperfecta
1389382659319 1381262663025 <div>Define</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-spa
pace:pre"> </span>A hereditary defect in dentin formation. The coronal den
tin and tooth color is normal, but the root dentin is abnormal with shortened an
d tapered roots (Type I).</div><div><br /></div>
Dentinal Dysplasia ("Roo
tless Teeth")
1389382839387 1381262663025 <div>Define</div><div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-s
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Localized, developmental disturbance of sev
eral adjacent teeth in which the enamel and dentin are thin and irregular and fa
il to adequately mineralize.</div><div><br /></div>
Regional Odontodysplasia
1389199449150 1381262663025 Enamel Hypocalcification (Opacities) tx composit
e restorations
1389199540494 1381262663025 Enamel Hypoplasia tx
1) composite (bonding),&
nbsp;<div>2) labial veneers or possible crowns for aesthetics</div>
1389204089053 1381262663025 Flap surgery and alloy patch OR extraction and e
limination of accelerating factors. Tooth often lost.<div>in what type of
tooth resorption</div> external
1389204152919 1381262663025 Root canal therapy OR extraction if root or crow
n is perforated. Some cases stop for no apparent reason<div>in what type o
f resorption</div>
internal
1389205121066 1381262663025 Most extrinsic stains are easily removed by doin
g what scaling and/or coronal polishing
1389371099844 1381262663025 Green Stain is removed how
Easily removed b
y brushing or polishing with abrasives
1389371133774 1381262663025 Discoloration imparted to the teeth is a dark ma
hogany brown (almost black)<div>type of stain</div>
Betel Leaf Stain
1389371158440 1381262663025 Betel Leaf Stain is removed how removed by scali

ng
1389371465521 1381262663025 Orange Stains are removed how removed by brush
ing or polishing with abrasives
1389371811283 1381262663025 Non-Vital Teeth (Trauma) stains can usually
be removed by doing what<div><br /></div>
bleaching (walking bleach)
1389381549721 1381262663025 extraction is contraindicated as treatment of Hy
percementosis<div>T/F</div>
T
1389381653441 1381262663025 Extractions are the prefered treatment for Hyper
cementosis<div>T/F</div>
F
1389204621588 1381262663025 Dystrophic Calcification are true or false denti
cles
false
1389205004372 1381262663025 Cementicles may or may not be formed of true cem
entum<div>T/F</div>
T
1389205041718 1381262663025 Cementicles is only formed of true cementum<div>
T/F</div>
F
1389205056689 1381262663025 Cementicles are thought to be a type of dys
trophic calcification<div>T/F</div>
T
1389205112796 1381262663025 Cementicles are not thought to be a type of
dystrophic calcification<div>T/F</div> F
1389382865310 1381262663025 Regional Odontodysplasia involves tissues derive
d from where
<div>epithelial and mesenchymal </div><div><span class="App
le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Components</div><div><br /></div>
1389200694597 1381262663025 Ideal fluoride concentration for caries reductio
n; appearance normal
0.6 - 1.0 ppm
1389201330205 1381262663025 Chalky white mottling. Enamel hypocalcifie
d.<div>when fluoride reaches what level</div> 1.0 - 1.8 ppm
1389201372119 1381262663025 Hypocalcification increases proportionately. if
fluoride levels are higher than what
> 1.8 ppm
1389201395788 1381262663025 <div>Severe enamel pigmentation with brown and w
hite<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>mottling. Ename
l may wear or fracture easily. if fluoride is above how many ppm</div><div><br /
></div> > 5 ppm
1389201439423 1381262663025 90% will have permanent dentition affected if th
ey consume more than how much fluoride > 6 ppm
1389201466344 1381262663025 <div>Systemic effects occur such as increased ra
diologic density and mineralization of skeletal bone</div><div>if fluoride
concentration is above how much</div> > 9 ppm
1389204356036 1381262663025 Studies on overall incidence show calcification
may be found on what % of teeth (Willman) 87
1389204375687 1381262663025 Studies on overall incidence show calcification
may be found on 87% of teeth (Willman) but only what % are large enough to show
on dental x-rays
15-20
1389204411088 1381262663025 what % of teeth in 10-20 year olds show calcific
ation 66
1389204439802 1381262663025 what % of teeth in 50-70 year olds show calcific
ations 90
1389205524231 1381262663025 Black Stain thickness 1mm
1389374612066 1381262663025 Incidence of partial hypodontia (anodontia) in g
eneral population %
4.6
1389374725506 1381262663025 third molar partial hypodontia is found in what
% of all subjects
35
1389375051351 1381262663025 Hyperdontia (Supernumerary Teeth) population inc
idence 1-3% of population
1389568096405 1357716934780 a pt with carcinoma has recently lost their hair
and they complain that they have veins that look like spiders now. They also sa
y that they have dark spots on their skin. What is going on?
Pt is presenting
with late and/or permanent s/s of radiation dermatitis.<div><br /></div><div>Hy
perpigmentation</div><div>hair loss</div><div>scarring</div><div>Chronic dermati
tis- thin atrophic skin, dry may have telangiectasis (spider veins)</div>
1389561354471 1357716934780 define (hypogeusia)

reduction of tas
te<div>define</div>
a
1389561562043 1357716934780 define dysgeusia (altered sense of taste)
<div>definition</div> a
1389564549713 1357716934780 size of ecchymosis
>1cm
1389564568911 1357716934780 size of purpura 3-10mm
1389564606560 1357716934780 size of petechiae
<3mm
1389564633549 1357716934780 what is fellatio?<div>how would it present?</div
>
Oral-genital contact in the mouth<div><br /></div><div>presents as <b>pe
techiae</b></div>
1389562141121 1357716934780 where do you typically find a eosinophilic ulcer
?
on the tongue
1389562075445 1357716934780 other names for Eosinophilic Ulcer <di
v><br /></div> <div>Traumatic Ulceration Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophila (TU
GSE)</div><div><br /></div><div>Traumatic Granuloma</div>
1389564443390 1357716934780 Minute hemorrhages into skin, mucosa, or serosa
are termed
petechiae
1389564467842 1357716934780 slighly larger hemorrhage than petechiae
purpura
1389564495635 1357716934780 Any hemorrhage accumulation greater than 2 cm is
termed an
ecchymosis
1389564518949 1357716934780 If the accumulation of blood within tissue produces a mass, this is termed a
hematoma
1389564696245 1357716934780 what type of submucosal hemorrhage would you exp
ect to see from injections or aspirators?
hematoma
ect to see from a pt who bites themselves? petechiae
ect to see from a platelet problem petechiae
ect to see from fellatio (oral-genital contact)
petechiae
ect to see from non-traumatic (spontaneous)?
purpura
ect to see from bullemia or mono? petechiae
ect to see from meds from ashtma petechiae
1389566469482 1357716934780 what is the difference between a traumatic ulcer
ation and a traumatic laceration?
<u>traumatic laceration</u>: broken muco
sal surface- NO host response (yet)<div><br /></div><div><u>traumatic ulceration
</u>: broken mucosal surface WITH inflammatory host response</div>
1389570143330 1357716934780 onset for radiation mucositis typically <b>dur
ing 2nd week</b> of radiation tx
1389564930436 1357716934780 causes of spontaneous hemorrhages (purpura)?
<div>1) Systemic bleeding disorders</div><div>2) Infections</div><div>3) Immunemediated disorders</div>
1389565561935 1357716934780 Blunt trauma to the oral mucosa often results in
what submucosal hemorrhage
hematoma
1389565598528 1357716934780 which submucosal hemorrhage can arise from repea
ted or prolonged increased intrathoracic pressure (Valsalva maneuver) associat
ed with such activities as repeated coughing, vomiting, convulsions, or giving b
irth? petechiae and purpura
1389565657894 1357716934780 name some examples of hemorrhages that can resul
t from nontraumatic causes
anticoagulant therapy<div>thrombocytopenia</div>
<div>disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)</div><div>viral infections (Mo
no & Measles)</div>
1390968423338 1384318139939 <div>Histology</div><div><span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>keratinization of surface epithelium</div><div><span class=
style="white-space:pre"> </span>thickening and inflammation of minor salivary gl

and duct</div><div><br /></div> Nicotine Stomatitis (Smokers Palate)
e-space:pre"> </span>thickening of keratin layer (hyperparakeratosis)</div><div>
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may show cellular atypia, dysplasia
or frank invasive </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>carcinoma</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>c
onnective tissue shows senile elastosis</div><div><br /></div> Actinic (Solar)
Keratosis (Actinic Cheilitis)
e-space:pre"> </span>increased keratin
  </di
v><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span clas
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>presence of dysplasia - degre
e varies </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> <
/span>a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>hyperchroma
tism </div>
<div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>b)<span class=
"Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>increased mitoses</div><div><sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>c)<span class="Apple-t
ab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>individual cell keratinization</div><di
v><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>d)<span class="Ap
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>alteration in nuclear/cytoplasmic
ratio</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>e)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>loss of polarity and
disorientation of cells</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span>f)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>b
ulbous or teardrop rete ridges</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>g)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>keratin or epithelial pearls</div><div><br /></div>
Keratosis with D
ysplasia
e-space:pre"> </span>majority show dysplasia (may vary from slight dysplasia to&
nbsp;</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>inv
asive carcinoma-in-situ)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>n
o keratin</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span
>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>increased capill
aries</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>epithelium thin</div
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>connective tissue pegs extend
high into epithelium</div><div><br /></div>
Erythroplakia
1392086192930 1385745890648 What are two of the protective goals of a well-f
itting interim restoration?
To maintain the crown-gingival relationship and
protect healthy gingivae.<div>To maintain tooth-tooth and tooth-arch relationshi
p.</div><br><br>protect gingiva + teeth
1392086744760 1385745890648 What is one of the esthetic goals of a properly
contoured interim restoration? To restore or improve esthetics of existing teet
h.
1392086852069 1385745890648 What is one of the treatment goals of a properly
made interim restoration?
To serve as a matrix for medicaments to allow or
stimulate formation of reparative dentin.
1392086933784 1385745890648 What are two of the diagnostic goals for a wellplanned interim restoration?
To allow evaluation of the parallelism of indivi
dual preparations and adjacent abutments for rigid attachments.<div>To allow eva
luation of the VDO, especially on bite opening cases.</div><br>VDO, parallelism
1391061455932 1374768212495 WHAT IS USUALLY A CONSISTENT FINIDING IN REACTIV
E LESIONS
INFLAMMATION
1391062425416 1374768212495 WHAT CAUSES THE OVERGROWTH RESPONSE IN A REACTIV
E LESION
IRRITATION
1391062463702 1374768212495 WHAT HAPPENS WHEN STIMULI IS REMOVED FROM A TRUE
NEOPLASIA
GROWTH CONTINUES
1391062614347 1374768212495 REPRESENTS OVER-PRODUCTION OF COLLAGEN WITH MINI
MAL VASCULARITY FIBROUS HYPERPLASIA
1391062677662 1374768212495 SLOW GROWING, SESSILE NONVASCULAR SOFT, SMOOTH M
ASS CONSIDERED A REACTIVE LESION
IRRITATION FIBROMA
1391062728129 1374768212495 WHAT COLOR WOULD YOU EXPECT FROM AN IRRITATION F
IBROMA USUALLY PINK, BUT MAY BE LEUKOPLKIC FROM CHRONIC IRRITATION
1391062768317 1374768212495 WHAT SORT OF TREATMENT SHOULD BE USED FOR IRRITA
TION FIBROMA
EXCISIONAL BIOPSY
1391063190684 1374768212495 LONG FOLDS OF DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE IN THE VES
TIBULE THAT ARE USUALLY ASYMPTOMATIC
EPULIS FISSURATUM
1391063318968 1374768212495 CAUSED BY IRRITATION BY FLANGE OF LOOSE DENTURE
OVER A LONG PERIOD OF TIME
EPULIS FISSURATUM
1391063340593 1374768212495 FIBROMA THAT DOES NOT APPEAR TO BE ASSOCIATED WI
TH IRRITATION GIANT CELL FIBROMA
1391063796851 1374768212495 WHICH HAS A YOUNGER AGE GROUP BETWEEN IRRITATION
FIBROMA AND GIANT CELL FIBROMA?
GIANT CELL FIBROMA (FIRST THREE DECADES
OF LIFE)
1391063878996 1374768212495 HISTOLOGY SHOWS VASCULAR FIBROUS TISSUE, LARGE S
TELLATE FIBROBLASTS, AND THIS SQUAMOU EPITHELIUM WITH ELONGATED RETE RIDGES
GIANT CELL FIBROMA
1391116864165 1374768212495 HISTOLOGY SHOWS VASCULAR FIBROUS TISSUE, LARGE S
TELLATE FIBROBLASTS, AND THIN SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM WITH LONG RETE RIDGES GIANT CE
LL FIBROMA
1391116941764 1374768212495 CLINICAL FEATURES INCLUDE RED EDEMATOUS PAPILLAR
Y PROJECTIONS (PEBBLY SURFACE) RESEMBLING A STRAWBERRY PATCH
PAPILLARY HYPERP
LASIA
1391117190667 1374768212495 WHAT LOCATION IS MORE COMMON FOR PAPILLARY HYPER
PLASIA HARD PALATE BENEATH A DENTURE
1391117209860 1374768212495 WHAT IS THE CAUSE FOR THE REDNESS IN PAPILLARY H
YPERPLASIA
CHRONIC ATROPHIC CANDIDIASIS
1391117300109 1374768212495 WHAT IS THE MAIN ETIOLOGY FOR PAPILLARY HYPERPLA
SIA
ILL-FITTING DENTURES
1391117540526 1374768212495 ETIOLOGY INCLUDES ILL-FITTING DENTURES, PT WHO W
EAR DENTURES 24 HR/DAY, PT WITH FLIPPERS
PAPILLARY HYPERPLASIA
1391368604198 1374768212495 COMMON VASCULAR LESION ON THE GINGIVA, BRIGHT RE
D, ELEVATED AND PEDUNCULATED ARE CLINICAL FEATURES OF WHICH DISEASE
PYOGENIC
GRANULOMA
1391374325858 1374768212495 TISSUE RESPONSE TO IRRITATION, TRAUMA FOLLOWED B
Y MICROORGANISM INFECTION, AND PREGANCY ARE ETIOLOGIC FACTORS OF WHICH DISEASE
PYOGENIC GRANULOMA
1391374394938 1374768212495 WHEN PYOGENIC GRANULOMA LOSES ITS VASCULATURE IT
BECOMES WHICH DISEASE? PERIPHERAL FIBROMA
1391374462114 1374768212495 EXCLUSIVELY GINGIVAL, CAN BE PEDUNCULATED OR SES
SILE, AGGRESSIVE, AND DARK RED/BLUE/PURPLE ARE CLINICAL FEATURES OF WHICH DISEAS
E
PERIPHERAL GIANT CELL GRANULOMA
1391374566592 1374768212495 TRAUMA/IRRITATION IN THE PDL OR MUCOPERIOSTEUM A
RE ETIOLOGIC FACTORS OF WHICH DISEASE? PERIPHERAL GIANT CELL GRANULOMA
1391375145446 1374768212495 WHICH ONE OF THE 3 P S IS MORE COMMON IN YOUNG,
FEMALE ADULTS AND CHILDREN
PERIPHERAL FIBROMA
1391375571553 1374768212495 WHICH ONE OF THE 3 P S IS COMMON IN FEMALES AROU
ND THE AGE OF 30
PERIPHERAL GIANT CELL GRANULOMA
1391375596236 1374768212495 WHICH OF THE 3 P S CAN OCCUR IN ANY AGE BUT MOST
COMMONLY IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG PREGNANT ADULTS PYOGENIC GRANULOMA

1391375730107 1374768212495 WHICH OF THE 3 P S IS SHOWN TO BE SMOOTH, FIRM,
AND COLOR OF NORMAL MUCOSA
PERIPHERAL FIBROMA
1391376250197 1374768212495 RED VASCULAR TISSUE GROWING OUT OF A RECENT EXTR
ACTION SITE OR SOCKET MADE OF GRANULATION TISSUE ARE CLINICAL FEATURES OF WHAT D
Z
EPULIS GRANULOMATOSA
1391378963314 1374768212495 WHICH DZ IS MADE UP OF GRANULATION TISSUE, PAINL
ESS, BLEEDS EASILY, AND CAN BE CAUSED BY CALCULUS OR TOOTH FRAGMENTS
EPULIS G
RANULOMATOSA
1391379040275 1374768212495 SLOW GROWING, YELLOWISH, PEDUNCULATED, AND COMMO
NLY LOCATED ON BUCCAL MUCOSA ARE CLINICAL FEATURES OF WHICH NEOPLASM
LIPOMA
1391379136390 1374768212495 IF A PATIENT LOSES WEIGHT, WHAT HAPPENS TO THE S
IZE OF A LIPOMA IT DOES NOT DECREASE IN SIZE
1391379162281 1374768212495 WHAT ARE THE TWO ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS CONTRIBUTIN
G TO NEOPLASM FORMATION 1. REACTION OF FAT TO TRAUMA<div>2. BENIGN FAT NEOPLASM<
/div>
1391379218122 1374768212495 ARE LIPOSARCOMAS COMMON OR RARE IN THE ORAL CAVI
TY?
RARE
1391379254221 1374768212495 NODULAR PAINLESS MASS, SLOW GROWING, AND COMMONL
Y FOUND ON THE TONGUE ARE CLINICAL FEATURES OF WHICH NEOPLASM? NEUROLEMMOMA
1391379291473 1374768212495 ANTONI A/B CELLS ARE FOUND IN WHICH DISEASE
NEUROLEMMOMA
1391379552156 1374768212495 THE ARRANGEMENT OF ATONI A/B CELLS TOGETHER ARE
CALLED WHAT
VEROCAY BODIES
1391379580421 1374768212495 WHAT IS THE MAIN ETIOLOGIC FACTOR FOR NEUROLEMMO
MA
TUMOR OF SHEATH OF SCHWANN
1391379674726 1374768212495 ELEVATED SMOOTH-SURFACED NODULAR MASS, COMMONLY
LOCATED ON BUCCAL MUCOSA, PALATE, TONGUE, AND COMMONLY A CAUSE FOR MACROGLOSSIA
ARE CLINICAL FEATURES FOR WHICH DZ
NEUROFIBROMA
1391379769227 1374768212495 WHICH DZ PROBABLY ARISES FROM SCHWANN CELLS, FIB
ROBLASTS AND PERINEURAL CELLS NEUROFIBROMA
1391379810006 1374768212495 WHAT ARE THE TWO OTHER NAMES FOR NEUROFIBROMA
1. MULTIPLE NEUROFIBROMATOSIS<div>2. VON RECKLINGHAUSEN S DISEAS OF THE SKIN</di
v>
1391379892987 1374768212495 MULTIPLE LESIONS (UP TO 1000) AND CAFE-AU-LAIT S
POTS WHERE THE LESIONS ARE COMPOSED OF SPINDLE CELLS INTERMINGLED WITH NEURITES
AND CONNECTIVE TISSUE DESCRIBE WHICH DZ NEUROFIBROMA (VON RECKLINGHAUSEN S DZ OF
THE SKIN)
1391380190418 1374768212495 WICH DZ DEVELOPS FROM ATTEMPTED REPAIR OF A DAMA
GED NERVE
TRAUMATIC (AMPUTATION) NEUROMA
1391380246906 1374768212495 WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON LOCATION FOR A TRAUMATIC
NEUROMA
MENTAL NERVE AREA (ALSO TONGUE AND LOWER LIP)
1391380274458 1374768212495 HEMANGIOMAS ARE MORE COMMON IN WHAT GENDER
FEMALES (3:1)
1391380320750 1374768212495 LARGE FLAT LESIONS OF THE SKIN ARE REFERRED TO A
S BIRTHMARKS IN WHAT DZ HEMANGIOMA
1391380487140 1374768212495 OLDER PATIENTS HAVE LESIONS WHICH REPRESENT ANEU
RYSM-LIKE DILATIONS OF VENULES KNOWN AS VARICES WHICH LOOK LIKE LESIONS FROM WHI
CH DISEASE
HEMANGIOMA
1391380692527 1374768212495 A UNILATERAL HEMANGIOMA ON THE FACE FOLLOWING TH
E DIVISION OF THE TRIGEMINAL NERVE IS CALLED WHAT
PORT-WINE STAIN
1391380786764 1374768212495 WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF HEMANGIOMA
1. CAPIL
LARY TYPE<div>2. CAVERNOUS TYPE</div>
1391380826701 1374768212495 WHEN PRESSURE IS PLACED ON A HEMANGIOMA WHAT HAP
PENS? THEY BLANCH AND IMMEDIATELY FILL UP WITH BLOOD
1391380884353 1374768212495 NUMEROUS TELANGIECTASIAS ON SKIN, MUCOSA, GI TRA
CT WITH REPEATED HEMORRHAGE IS A CLINICAL FEATURE OF WHICH DZ HEREDITARY HEMOR
RHAGIC TELANGIECTASIA
1391380981771 1374768212495 WHAT IS AN EARLY SIGN FOR HEREDITARY HEMORRHAGIC
TELANGIECTASIA EPISTAXIS
1391381001257 1374768212495 PORTWINE NEVI IS COMMON IN WHICH SYNDROME

STURGE-WEBER SYNDROME
1391381177885 1374768212495 A PORTWINE NEVI PRESENT IN STURGE-WEBER SYNDROME
AFFECTS WHICH PARTS OF THE SKIN
AREAS SUPPLIED BY THE TRIGEMINAL NERVE
1391381227541 1374768212495 VASCULAR ORAL HYPERPLASIA, CONVULSIVE DISORDERS,
AND MENTAL RETARDATION RELATED TO LEPTOMENINGEAL ANGIOMAS AND CALCIFICATIONS AR
E PRESENT IN WHICH SYNDROME
STURGE-WEBER SYNDROME
1391381306896 1374768212495 COLORLESS (SOMETIMES SLIGHTLY RED) LESION THAT C
OMMONLY OCCURS IN TONGUE CAUSING MACROGLOSSIA IS SEEN IN WHICH DISEASE LYMPANGI
OMA
1391381425741 1374768212495 HISTOLOGY SHOWS NUMEROUS SPACES LINED WITH EPITH
ELIUM CONTAINING LYMPH OR BLOOD IS SEEN IN WHICH DISEASE
LYMPHANGIOMA
1391381470622 1374768212495 SLOW GROWING MASS ON POSTERIOR PORTION OF TONGUE
WHICH IS ENCAPSULATED, PAINLESS, FIRM AND MULTINODULAR IS SEEN IN WHICH DZ
LEIOMYOMA
1391381522718 1374768212495 WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON LOCATION OF A RHABDOYOMA
TONGUE
1391381537715 1374768212495 HYPERKERATOSIS AND ASYMPTOMATIC SESSILE NODULES
ARE SEE IN WHICH DISEASE
GRANULAR CELL TUMOR
1391381597545 1374768212495 GRANULAR CELL TUMOR IS SEEN MORE COMMONLY IN WHI
CH GENDER
FEMALE (2:1)
1391381626447 1374768212495 SMOOTH PINK TO RED NODULAR MASS USUALLY SEEN IN
MAXILLARY ANTERIOR GINGIVA AND PRESENT AT BIRTH ARE FEATURES OF WHICH DZ
CONGENITAL GRANULAR CELL EPULIS
1391381797005 1374768212495 LARGE GRANULAR CELLS WITH EOSINIPHILIC CYTOPLASM
AND PSEUDOEPITHELIOMATOUS HYPERPLASIA ARE COMMON HISTOLOGIC FEATURES OF WHICH D
Z
GRANULAR CELL TUMOR
1391381866974 1374768212495 WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A CONGINITAL GRAN
ULAR CELL EPULIS AND GRANULAR CELL TUMOR
CONGENITAL GRANULAR CELL EPULIS
DOESN T DISPLAY PSEUDOEPITHELIOMATOUS HYPERPLASIA
1391381915922 1374768212495 RAPIDLY GROWING DARK PIGMENTED LESION THAT USUAL
LY GROWS IN THE ANTERIOR MAXILLA OF INFANT AND IS NON-ULCERATED DESCRIBES WHICH
TUMOR MELANOTIC NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR OF INFANCY
1391382023744 1374768212495 WHAT IS FOUND IN THE URINE OF A PATIENT WITH A M
ELANOTIC NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR OF INFANCY
HIGH LEVELS OF VANILMADELI
C ACID
1378163732103 1360692053906 What is circumscribed flat skin lesion of differ
ing color than surrounding skin?
Macule
1378163775635 1360692053906 What is an elevated lesion measuring 5mm or less
across?
Papule
1378163798878 1360692053906 What is elevated solid lesion more than 5mm?
Nodule
1378163820302 1360692053906 What is mildly elevated lesion with level surfac
e more than 5mm across? Plaque
1378163871370 1360692053906 What is fluid-filled raised lesion measuring 5mm
or less across?
Vesicle
1378163895305 1360692053906 What is fluid-filled raised lesion more than 5mm
across?
Bulla
1378163917681 1360692053906 What is increased thickness of surface keratin l
ayer? hyperkeratosis
1378163940475 1360692053906 What is pattern of hyperkeratosis characterized
by retention of nuclei? parakeratosis
1378163962269 1360692053906 What is thickening of spinous epithelial layer?
Acanthosis
1378163986662 1360692053906 What is abnormal keratinization within cells bel
ow the stratum granulosum?
Dyskeratosis
1378164041182 1360692053906 What is loss of intercellular connctions resulti
ng in loss of cohesion of keratinocytes?
Acantholysis
1378164068666 1360692053906 What is intercellulear edema of epidermis?
Spongiosis
1378164084618 1360692053906 What is the feature common to all ecema?

skin rash
1378164127541 1360692053906 What are the types of acute eczematous dermatiti
s?
contact dermatitis<div>atopic dermatitis</div><div>drug-related eczemato
us dermatitis</div><div>photoeczematous eruption</div><div>primary irritant derm
atitis</div>
1378164216800 1360692053906 what is the triggering infection in Erythema Mul
tiforme?
herpes simplex
1378164311149 1360692053906 what are clinical features of erythema multiform
e?
rapid onset<div>macules, papules, vesicles, bullae</div><div>target lesi
on</div><div>skin or mucosal surface</div><div>sometimes oral cavity</div>
1378164364568 1360692053906 what is treatment for erythema multiforme?
paliative care
1378164378936 1360692053906 what is severe form of erythema Multiforme that
involves mouthm nose, eyes, genitalia? Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
1378164440221 1360692053906 What are clinical features of Psoriasis?
systemic disease<div>abnormal skin cycle</div><div>pink, salmon-colored plaque c
overed by silver-white scales</div>
1378164581483 1360692053906 What are treatment options for Psoriasis?
Phototherapy<div>Corticosteroids</div><div>Cyclosporin</div><div>Anti-proliferat
ives</div><div>Methotrexate</div>
1378164656815 1360692053906 T/F LIchen Planus is present in post-menopausal
women. T
1378164685666 1360692053906 What is mechanism for Lichen Planus?
Antigens
in basal cell layer > cell mediated cytotoxic immune response (IV)
1378164731282 1360692053906 What are presenting signs of lichen planus?
Pruritic, purple, polygonal, papules<div>Striae of Wickham</div><div>Symmetric,
flexor surfaces</div><div>oral lesions</div>
1378164777754 1360692053906 What are histologic featues of Lichen Planus?
Irregular acanthosis with rete ridges having saw tooth appearance<div>Parakerato
sis</div><div>infiltration of cytotoxic T cells in superficial dermis</div><div>
Liquefactive degeneartion in basal cell layer</div><div><br /></div>
1378164872406 1360692053906 What are behaviors and treatment for Lichen Plan
us?
Skin lesions are self-limited<div>Oral lesions persist</div><div>Topical
corticosteriods</div>
1378164918192 1360692053906 what is type of lupus with only skin involvement
?
Discoid lupus
1378164979832 1360692053906 What are types bullous diseases?
Subcorne
al<div>Intraepithelial</div><div>Subepithelial</div>
1378165024558 1360692053906 What are mechanisms of Pemphigus Vulgaris?
Type II hypersensitivity<div>IgG directed against proteins of desmosomes (target
s Desmoglein 3, 1) > activates complement</div>
1378165119762 1360692053906 What are histological featuers of Pemphigus Vulg
aris? Intraepithelial vescicle and acantholysis
1378409680575 1360692053906 What sexual, racial bias does Lupus have?
Women between 20-64<div>American black women</div>
1378409714447 1360692053906 what are predisposing factors for squamous cell
carcinoma?
exposure to sunlight and other ionizing radiation<div>industrial
carcinogens: tars, oils</div><div>chronic ulcer and draining osteomyelitis</div
><div>old thermal burn scars</div><div>arsenic</div><div>immunosuppression</div>
1378410724426 1360692053906 what are predisposing factors for basal cell car
cinoma? fair skin<div>sun exposure</div><div>immunosuppression</div><div>nevoid
basal cell carcinoma syndrome</div>
1378412047265 1360692053906 what are risk factors for melanoma?
exposure
to sunlight<div>light normal pigmentation</div><div>dysplastic nevus syndrome,
hereditary factors</div>
1394081180866 1390161073008 what type of inflammation do you see histologica
lly in Chelitis Glandularis?
chronic inflammation of minor salivary glands
1394081208807 1390161073008 what do you see histologically for the ducts of
minor salivary glands for Chelitis Glandularis? Duct Dilation
1394080572523 1390161073008 what type of condition is Chelitis Glandularis?

rare inflammatory condition (unknown cause)
1394080599484 1390161073008 what causes Chilitis Glandularis
unknow c
ause, but it s rare and inflammatory
1394080652641 1390161073008 who most commonly gets Chelitis Glandularis
middle aged and older men
1394080827714 1390161073008 most common site you get Cheilitis Glandula
ris
lower lip
1394080855962 1390161073008 what happens to the lip in Cheilitis Glandu
laris Lip swells and everts (goes out) slowly
1394080926101 1390161073008 openings to the minor salivary gland ducts
appear as what on the lips of someone with Chelitis Glandularis
Tiny red
dots
1394080995616 1390161073008 give a good discription of what the lower lip wo
uld look like for Chelitis Glandularis <ol><li>slow swelling and eversion</li><
li>tiny red dots (minor salivary gland)</li><li>may have pus or ulceration</li><
/ol>
1394081268863 1390161073008 how common is Chelitis Glandularis?
rare
1394081277724 1390161073008 what climate do you see Chelitis Glandularis?
dry windy climate <div>middle aged or older men</div>
1394081328771 1390161073008 tyical treatment for Chelitis Glandularis
<ol><li>systemic antibiotics and topical steroids</li></ol>
1394081353203 1390161073008 what tx may be needed for cosmetics for chelitis
glandularis? lip shave or other surgery
1394081388692 1390161073008 what is the prognosis of chelitis glandularis?
Risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma due to actinic injury is 18-35%. &nbs
p;<div><br /></div><div>Thus patients need regular follow-up.</div>
1394081416995 1390161073008 what is the cancer risk for Chelitis Glandularis
?
SCC from actinic injur 18-35%<div><br /></div><div>Needs regular followu
p</div>
1391650708893 2094571718
<img src="paste-1477468750085.jpg" /> Erythema
tous Candidiasis in HIV+
1391650726534 2094571718
<img src="paste-1773821493415.jpg" /><div>give s
pecific type</div>
Candidiasis (Pseudomembranous type)
1391651315919 2094571718
pecific type</div>
Candidiasis Erythematous
1391651356830 2094571718
pecific type</div>
Angular cheilitis (Candidiasis @ commissures)
1391651426189 2094571718
<img src="paste-2246267895978.jpg" /> typical
hairy leukoplakia
1391651458004 2094571718
<img src="paste-2289217568940.jpg" /> marked&n
bsp;hairy leukoplakia
1391651473139 2094571718
<img src="paste-2314987372705.jpg" /> Kaposi s
sarcoma face lesion
1391651494874 2094571718
sarcoma buccal mucosa
1391651521109 2094571718
sarcoma alveolar mucosa
1391651538344 2094571718
<img src="paste-2409476653224.jpg" /> extensiv
e Kaposi s Sarcoma
1391651557312 2094571718
<img src="paste-2443836391596.jpg" /> linear g
ingival erythema
1391651757330 2094571718
<img src="paste-2581275345088.jpg" /> necrotiz
ing ulcerative periodontitis
1391651773735 2094571718
ing ulcerative gingivitis
1391651792950 2094571718
<img src="paste-2641404887200.jpg" /> severe n
ecrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
1391651808769 2094571718
<img src="paste-2667174691004.jpg" /> herpetic
lesions
1391651845173 2094571718
<img src="paste-2692944494759.jpg" /> Herpes l
abialis
1391651857204 2094571718
<img src="paste-2813203579068.jpg" /> Condylom
a acuminata
1391651871007 2094571718
<img src="paste-2847563317420.jpg" /> Apthous
ulceration
1391651886386 2094571718
<img src="paste-3002182140138.jpg" /> HIV-asso
ciated candidiasis
1391652085785 2094571718
<img src="paste-3045131813099.jpg" /> HIV-asso
ciated candidiasis
1391652104869 2094571718
1391652295742 2094571718
1391652312497 2094571718
<img src="paste-3298534883571.jpg" /> Pseudome
mbranous Candidiasis
1391652330054 2094571718
1391652352587 2094571718
1391652373920 2094571718
1391652385580 2094571718
<img src="paste-3418793967997.jpg" /> Fluconaz
ole-resistant Candidiasis in HIV+
1391652405307 2094571718
<img src="paste-3453153706305.jpg" /> severe o
ral hairy leukoplakia
1391652427660 2094571718
<img src="paste-3478923510087.jpg" /> mild ora
l hairy leukoplakia
1391652445918 2094571718
<img src="paste-3637837299966.jpg" /> oral hai
ry leukoplakia
1391652636037 2094571718
<img src="paste-3663607103914.jpg" /><div><br />
</div> Kaposi sarcoma
1391652658979 2094571718
<img src="paste-3689376907566.jpg" /> kaposi s
arcoma
1391652668533 2094571718
arcoma
1391652681411 2094571718
arcoma
1391652690280 2094571718
arcoma
1391652720009 2094571718
<img src="paste-3809635991883.jpg" /><div><img s
rc="paste-3822520893699.jpg" /></div> Tx for Kaposi sarcoma: Intra-lesional in
jection of Vinblastine
1391652769128 2094571718
<img src="paste-3959959847120.jpg" /><img src="p
aste-3972844749016.jpg" /><div>progression of treatment of what?</div> kaposi s
arcoma
1391652851741 2094571718
<img src="paste-4041564225840.jpg" /> non-hodg
kin lymphoma
1391652874823 2094571718
<img src="paste-4067334029623.jpg" /> non-hodg
ekin lymphoma
1391652890880 2094571718
ingival erythema
1391652913128 2094571718
ingival erythema
1391652926434 2094571718
1391652950782 2094571718
1391652967604 2094571718
1391652985466 2094571718
1391653003683 2094571718
<img src="paste-4333622002037.jpg" /><div>what?<
/div> necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis
1391653031004 2094571718
<img src="paste-4367981740255.jpg" /> HSV<br /
>
1391653050787 2094571718
<img src="paste-4402341478693.jpg" /> HSV- acy
clovir resistant
1391653070510 2094571718
<img src="paste-4428111282382.jpg" /> HSV
1391653081749 2094571718
<img src="paste-4462471020953.jpg" /> HPV
1391653107371 2094571718
<img src="paste-4488240824642.jpg" /> HPV
1391653117984 2094571718
<img src="paste-4522600563014.jpg" /> HPV (ora
l warts)
1391653134443 2094571718
<img src="paste-4548370366770.jpg" /> mucormyc
osis (deep fungal infection)
1391653159958 2094571718
<img src="paste-4582730105143.jpg" /> mucormyc
osis (deep fungal infection)
1391653167833 2094571718
<img src="paste-4608499909015.jpg" /> histopla
smosis (deep fungal infection)
1391653183485 2094571718
<img src="paste-4634269712698.jpg" /> minor ap
hthous ulcers
1391653202536 2094571718
<img src="paste-4660039516368.jpg" /> apthous
major stomatitis
1391653230615 2094571718
<img src="paste-4780298600657.jpg" /> apthous
major stomatitis
1391653241180 2094571718
<img src="paste-4814658339027.jpg" /> aphthous
major stomatitis
1389327654196 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3066606649748.jpg" /> etiology
?
<div>Linea alba</div><div><br /></div>pressure<div>frictional irritation
</div><div>sucking trauma for facial surface of teeth</div>
1389327691454 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3062311682452.jpg" /> clinical
features
<div>Linea alba</div><div><br /></div><div> White line, (us
ually bilateral) along</div><div>occlusal plane of buccal mucosa</div><div> &nbsp
;<b>Surface smooth</b> (may be scalloped)</div>
1389327804448 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3234110374272.jpg" /> treatmen
t
linea alba<div><br /></div><div>none</div>
1389327825388 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3229815406976.jpg" /> diagnost
ic feature that sets this appart
linea alba<div><br /></div><div>smooth n
ot rough (if rough/irregular its something else)</div>
<div>Morsicatio buccarum</div><div><br /></div>chronic cheek chewing<div>suction
</div><div>stress</div>
1389327949575 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3831110828400.jpg" /> who gets
this morsicatio buccarum<div><br /></div><div>2x common in females</div><div>
3x more after age 35</div>
1389328011546 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3826815861104.jpg" /> describe
this lesion
<div>Morsicatio Buccarum</div><div><br /></div>Lesion appear thi
ck, rough to shredded white area, and have intervening areas of erythema or eros
ion
t
<div>Morsicatio Buccarum</div><div><br /></div>none<div>some need shield
to protect tissue</div><div>psychotherapy</div>
1389328115964 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3972844749154.jpg" /> histolog
y
Morsicatio Buccarum<div><br /></div><div>Histo: extensive hyperkeratosis
/ ragged surface</div><div><br /></div>
1389328142307 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4496830759264.jpg" /> Key Char
acteristics of this
<div>Early stages of a traumatic ulceration: Well defini
ed, flat or cratered, <b>TAN SURFACE </b>membrane made of <b>fibrin</b> or <b>fi
brinopuorulent exudate</b>, red or rolled border</div><div> </div>
this a varient of and where does it usually occur

Eosinophillic ulcer<div>
<br /></div><div>rare varient of traumatic ulcer: usually TONGUE</div>
t
-remove or tx cause<div><b>-Orabase</b> if painful</div><div>-antibiotic
if lesion become secondary</div><div><b>-if lesion doesn t heal in 10 days - 2
wks of conservative tx, it must be promptly biopsied</b></div>
1389328461867 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5390183957294.jpg" /> etiolgy
<div>Thermal burns</div>microwave foods common cause
1389332153901 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5385888989998.jpg" /> iatrogen
ic causes
hot wax<div>compound</div><div>hydrocolloid</div>
features
thermal burns<div><br /></div><div>filmy white surface slough</d
iv><div>mucositis-redness, swelling</div><div>ulceration uncommon (seen in 2nd d
egree burn)</div>
y
thermal burns<div><br /></div><div><div> mild burn hyperemia, edema
inflamed</div><div> Severe burn coagulation necrosis of epi and deeper tis
sue plus mild burn features</div></div>
t
thermal burns<div><br /></div><div>resolve spontaneously</div>
<div>electric burns</div><div> contact or are electrical trauma- e.g.</div>
<div>chewing on a electrical cord</div>
features
severe, most are ulcerations<div>lips most affected </div><
div>people tend to get <b>facial paralysis</b></div>
1389393967418 1389053809033 <img src="paste-811748819282.jpg" />
histolog
ica features
electric burns<div><br /></div><div><div> Coagulation necro
sis of epithelium</div><div>and possible deeper tissue</div><div> Periphera
l zone of hypercermia, edema, inflammation</div></div>
1389394571187 1389053809033 <img src="paste-807453851986.jpg" />
treatmen
t
<div>electric burns</div>tetanus immuniztion and prophylactic antibiotic
s
1389394626590 1389053809033 <img src="paste-807453851986.jpg" />
how woul
d you tell this apart from a traumatic ulcer? more severe<div>More common to s
ee in the emergency room</div>
1389394682287 1389053809033 <img src="paste-1000727380346.jpg" /> etiolgy&
nbsp; chemical burn<div><br /></div><div>local toxic/caustic effect of chemica
l</div>
1389394735190 1389053809033 <img src="paste-996432413050.jpg" />
clinical
features
chemical burns<div><br /></div><div>-mild: erythema</div><div>-s
evere: whiteness with mucosal wrinkling and sloughing</div><div>-frank ulceratio
n: only in severe burns</div><div>-pain</div>
ical features chemical burn<div><br /></div><div><div> Epithelial sloughi
ng (erosion)</div><div> Inflammation w/ hyperemia/congestion</div><div> &nbs
p;Coagulation necrosis (if severe)</div></div>
1389394865776 1389053809033 <img src="paste-1352914698870.jpg" /> onset
radiation mucositis<div><br /></div><div>usually 2nd week radiation tx</div>
features
<div>Radiation mucositis</div><div><br /></div><div> White
surface changes followed by superficial sloughing</div><div> Residual atrop
hic epithelium is red, swollen, and ulcerates easily</div><div> Pain, burni
ng, and discomfort can be severe preventing oral hygiene and eating</div>
t
radiation mucositis<div><br /></div><div>-pallative- anesthetics analges
ics</div><div>-prevent 2nd infection</div><div>-resolves slow 2-3 wks after ther
apy</div>
1389395075617 1389053809033 <img src="paste-1675037246260.jpg" /> late sig
ns/symptoms of this
<div>radiation dermatitis</div><div> Hyperpigmentat
ion</div><div> Hair loss</div><div> Scarring</div><div> Chronic d

ermatitis develop thin atrophic skin dry and telangiectasis</div>
1389395333155 1389053809033 <img src="paste-1670742278964.jpg" /> acute si
gns/symptoms
<div>radiation dermatitis</div>-erythema<div>-edema</div><div>-b
urning pruritus (itching)</div><div>-frank ulcerations</div>
1389395414076 1389053809033 <img src="paste-2186138354452.jpg" /> what eff
ects do you see in pts within 1 week of what caused this?
xerostomia due t
o radiation therapy<div><br /></div><div><div> oral discomfort</div><div> &n
bsp;Difficulty eating and speaking</div><div> Increased risk of oral inf (c
andidiasis)</div><div> Increased risk of caries <b>most often cervical cari
es = radiation caries</b></div><div> Incisal surface more caries due to sof
t portion of dentin exposed</div><div> Increase risk of traumatic lesion fr
om physical irritation</div></div>
t
xerostomia due to radiation therapy<div><br /></div><div>-salivry substi
tutes</div><div>-sialogogues (pilocarpine)</div><div>-dental topical fluoride</d
iv><div>-regular dental care</div>
1389395576791 1389053809033 <img src="paste-2332167242478.jpg" /> onset
chemotherapy mucositis<div><br /></div><div>-within a few days of starting chemo
</div>
features
chemotherapy mucositis<div><br /></div><div><div> Epithelia
l atrophy produce thin mucosa that easily breaks down ulcera;on</div><div>
Background red and swollen</div><div> Ulcers superficial and cover w/ tan</
div><div>fibrin pseudomembrane</div><div> Pain, burning, and discomfort can
be severe, preventing oral hygiene measures and eating</div></div>
t
chemotherapy mucositis<div><br /></div><div><div>-palliative</div></div>
<div>-prevent 2nd infection</div><div>-resolves slow 2-3 wks after therapy</div>
1389324157245 2094571718
<img src="paste-712964571508.jpg" />
linea al
ba
1389324180692 2094571718
<img src="paste-760209211798.jpg" />
linea al
ba
1389324192707 2094571718
<img src="paste-785979015978.jpg" />
morsicat
io buccarum<div>(chronic cheek chewing)</div>
1389324268338 2094571718
<img src="paste-820338753918.jpg" />
morsicat
io labiorum
1389324288192 2094571718
<img src="paste-940597838212.jpg" />
morsicat
io buccarum
1389324299196 2094571718
<img src="paste-966367641980.jpg" />
chronic
cheek chewing (M.B.)
1389324318559 2094571718
<img src="paste-1000727380308.jpg" /> morsicat
io lingarum
1389324332953 2094571718
<img src="paste-1026497184108.jpg" /> traumati
c ulceration
1389324376676 2094571718
<img src="paste-1060856922484.jpg" /> denture
ulceration
1389324386307 2094571718
<img src="paste-1181116006632.jpg" /> iatrogen
ic traumatic ulcer
1389324401720 2094571718
c ulceration
1389324413103 2094571718
c ulceration
1389324425876 2094571718
<img src="paste-1267015352752.jpg" /> factitia
l injury from tooth brushing
1389324455780 2094571718
<img src="paste-1292785156544.jpg" /> iatrogen
ic injury for IA injection
1389324472276 2094571718
<img src="paste-1507533521536.jpg" /> eosinoph
illic ulcer<div>(PKA traumatic granuloma)</div>
1389324667958 2094571718
<img src="paste-1541893259640.jpg" /> petechia
e, purpura
1389324684880 2094571718
<img src="paste-1576252997898.jpg" /> hematoma
1389324695416 2094571718
1389324704620 2094571718
1389324715538 2094571718
<img src="paste-1662152343938.jpg" /> ecchymos
is
1389324725382 2094571718
<img src="paste-1696512082748.jpg" /> thermal
burns
1389324760948 2094571718
<img src="paste-1730871821284.jpg" /> electric
al burns
1389324777889 2094571718
<img src="paste-1756641624808.jpg" /> Aspirin
burn
1389324807526 2094571718
<img src="paste-1782411428264.jpg" /> chemical
burn-nicotine lazenger
1389324827165 2094571718
<img src="paste-1816771166546.jpg" /> cotton r
oll burn
1389324835755 2094571718
<img src="paste-1928440316340.jpg" /> aspirin
burn
1389324847836 2094571718
burn
1389324860138 2094571718
<img src="paste-1988569858984.jpg" /> radiatio
n mucositis
1389324887682 2094571718
<img src="paste-2014339662684.jpg" /> radiatio
n dermatitis
1389324903977 2094571718
<img src="paste-2091649073910.jpg" /> xerostom
ia due to radiation therapy
1389324921604 2094571718
<img src="paste-2126008812264.jpg" /> chemothe
rapy mucositis
1389324951119 2094571718
<img src="paste-2160368550622.jpg" /> xerostom
ia due to radiation therapy
1394080153874 1390161073008 crucial treatment for acute sialadenitis
rehydration
1394080172217 1390161073008 treatment for acute sialadenitis
<ol><li>
Rehydration-crucial</li><li>Antibiotics-if needed</li><li>Surgical drain if absc
ess forms</li></ol>
1394080236976 1390161073008 treatment of chronic sialadenitis
<ol><li>
depends on underlying cause, severity, durtion of condition</li><li>eliminate ca
use alone may be adequate to stop sialadenitis</li></ol>
1394080012999 1390161073008 Acute sialadenitis: histology neutrophils and
exudate accumulate in ducts and glandular acini
1394080048412 1390161073008 Chronic sialadenitis histology <ol><li>patchy/d
iffuse lymphocytes and plasma cells. </li><li>atrophy and fibrosis of the
affected gland.</li></ol>
1394079681874 1390161073008 is acute sialadenitis often viral or bacterial?
bacterial
1394079697190 1390161073008 what are some clinical features you would see wi
th Acute sialadenitis? <ol><li>Painful swelling of gland</li><li>low fever, mal
aise, headache</li><li>reduced salivary flow</li><li>cloudy, thick saliva (inspi
ssated)</li><li>pus discharge from duct by pressure</li><li>Trismus</li><li>Eryt
hema/edema of skin</li></ol>
1394079909094 1390161073008 clinical features of chronic sialadenitis
<ol><li>periodic swelling and pain</li><li>symptoms often at mealtime when saliv
a is stimulated (just like sialolithiasis)</li></ol>
1394079968070 1390161073008 list 2 things that are stimulted when you eat
<ol><li>sialolithiasis</li><li>Chronic Sialadenitis</li></ol>
1394079339629 1390161073008 what is the typical cause of sialadenitis?
infections <div>(but can be non-infections)</div>
1394079362971 1390161073008 what is the most common virus to cause Sialadeni
tis
Mumps-most common virus<div><br /></div><div>Cytomegalovirus in neonates
</div>
1394079435968 1390161073008 name some viruses to cause sialadenitis <ol><li>

<b>mumps</b></li><li>coxsackie A</li><li>ECHO viruses</li><li>choriomeningitis</
li><li>parainfluenza</li><li>cytomegalovirus (neonates)</li></ol>
1394079489465 1390161073008 how do most bacterial infections of sialadenitis
occur? ductal obstruction of decreased salivary flow which allows retrograde in
fection
1394079535592 1390161073008 why might you get sialadenitis from a recent sur
gury? low fluid intake and anticholinergic drugs (low saliva flow)
1394079587871 1390161073008 4 non-infectious causes of sialadenitis <ol><li>
Sjogren sydrome</li><li>sarcoidosis</li><li>radiation therapy</li><li>varous all
ergens</li></ol>
1394078983668 1390161073008 defined as inflammation of the salivary gland, a
nd may arise from infectious or non-infectious causes. Sialadenitis
1394079006775 1390161073008 Sialadenitis is a caused by an infection or noninfectious agent?
can be caused by both
1388974973540 1381262663025 what is the etiology of commissural lip pits
Possible failure of normal fusion of the embryonal maxillary and mandibular proc
ess
1388975014245 1381262663025 NDAB for commissural lip pits 5
1388975033303 1381262663025 race commisural lip pits affects the most
blacks
1388975073917 1381262663025 clinical features of what?<div><div>a.<span clas
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Relatively common (12 20% of
population) </div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pr
e"> </span>Blind fistulae or pits about 1 or 2 mm in diameter and up to 4 mm in
depth </div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>Located at commissure of the lips </div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Unilateral or bilateral </div><div>e.
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>In some, fluid may
be expressed as it may be connected to a minor salivary gland </div><div>f.
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>More common in blac
ks </div><div>g.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </spa
n>Frequently hereditary </div></div><div><br /></div>
Commissural Lip
Pits
1388975113438 1381262663025 how big are commissural lip pits
1-2mm di
ameter <div>4mm depth</div>
1388975226936 1381262663025 are commissural lip pits unilateral or bilateral
either
1388975243698 1381262663025 do commissural lip pits have fluid
some do<
div><br /></div><div>fluid may be expressed bc its connected to minor salivary g
land</div>
1388975290887 1381262663025 are commisural lip pits environmental or heredit
ary
frequently hereditary
1388975316556 1381262663025 treatment for commissural lip pits
none
1389223611527 2094571716
Enamel hypoplasia
625878.jpg" />
1389223630365 2094571716
enamel hypocalcification (opacities)
<img src
="paste-12034498364214.jpg" />
1389223655121 2094571716
dental fluorosis
168038.jpg" />
1389223667988 2094571716
attrition
<img src="paste-12086037971792.j
pg" />
1389223679416 2094571716
abrasion
<img src="paste-12133282612010.j
pg" />
1389223690349 2094571716
abfraction
<img src="paste-12159052415802.j
pg" />
1389223704213 2094571716
erosion <img src="paste-12184822219562.jpg" />
1389223716558 2094571716
resorption
<img src="paste-12279311500166.j
pg" />
1389223733608 2094571716
pulp calcifications and stones <img src="paste-
12313671238522.jpg" />
1389223747757 2094571716
cementicles
<img src="paste-12335146074876.j
pg" />
1389223759650 2094571716
extrinsic stains
813098.jpg" /><div>extrinsic stains</div>
1389223774762 2094571716
tobacco stain <img src="paste-12395275617036.j
pg" />
1389223794865 2094571716
yellow stain
<img src="paste-12421045420726.j
pg" />
1389223804357 2094571716
brown stains
<img src="paste-12541304505098.j
pg" />
1389223825277 2094571716
black stains
<img src="paste-12567074308928.j
pg" />
1389223836470 2094571716
green stain
<img src="paste-12592844112590.j
pg" />
1389223852189 2094571716
betel leaf stain
229678.jpg" />
1389223880564 2094571716
orange stain
<img src="paste-12751757902450.j
pg" />
1389223905764 2094571716
metallic stain <img src="paste-12786117640780.j
pg" />
1389223916185 2094571716
miscellaneous extrinsic stain <img src="paste12781822673484.jpg" />
1389223931971 2094571716
intrinsic stains
247976.jpg" /><div>intrinsic stain</div>
1389223943563 2094571716
non vital teeth <img src="paste-12863427052114.j
pg" /><div>Non-vital tooth</div>
1389223955319 2094571716
aging <img src="paste-12897786790470.jpg" /><d
iv>Aging</div>
1389223964924 2094571716
erythroblastosis fetalis
<img src="paste12923556594340.jpg" /><div>erythroblastosis fetalis</div>
1389223980266 2094571716
biliary atresia <img src="paste-12949326398086.j
pg" /><div>biliary atresia</div>
1389223993336 2094571716
congenital porphyia
136540.jpg" /><div>congenital porphyria</div>
1389224007795 2094571716
tetracycline
<img src="paste-13013750907526.j
pg" /><div>tetracycline</div>
1389224020223 2094571716
hypodontia (anadontia) <img src="paste-13048110
646006.jpg" /><div>hypodontia/anodontia</div>
1389224036007 2094571716
hyperdontia (supernumerary teeth)
<img src
="paste-13082470384384.jpg" />
1389224053225 2094571716
microdontia
<img src="paste-13108240188106.j
pg" /><div>microdontia</div>
1389224069426 2094571716
macrodontia
<img src="paste-13134009991872.j
pg" />
1389224080644 2094571716
gemination
<img src="paste-13181254632170.j
pg" /><div>gemination</div>
1389224102298 2094571716
fusion <img src="paste-13215614370500.jpg" /><d
iv>fusion</div>
1389224113646 2094571716
fusion vs. germination<div><img src="paste-13241
384174112.jpg" /></div> <img src="paste-13254269076094.jpg" />
1389224141230 2094571716
concrescence
<img src="paste-13280038879868.j
pg" /><div>concresence</div>
1389224151520 2094571716
talon cusp
<img src="paste-13314398618302.j
pg" /><div>talon cusp</div>
1389224160629 2094571716
additional cusps (cusp of carabelli)
<img src
="paste-13335873454738.jpg" />
1389224188120 2094571716
dens evaginatus <img src="paste-13391708029522.j
pg" /><div>dens evaginatus</div>
1389224202195 2094571716
dens in dente (dens invaginatus)
<img src
="paste-13417477833428.jpg" />
1389224217154 2094571716
enamel pearl
<img src="paste-13443247637138.j
pg" /><div>E. pearl</div>
1389224231471 2094571716
taurodontism
<img src="paste-13469017440946.j
pg" />
1389224243392 2094571716
hypercementosis (cementum hyperplasia) <img src
="paste-13503377179364.jpg" /><div>hypercementosis</div><div>cementum hyperplasi
a</div>
1389224265565 2094571716
dilaceration
<img src="paste-13537736917690.j
pg" />
1389224278220 2094571716
supernumerary roots
656090.jpg" /><div>supernumerary roots</div>
1389224290156 2094571716
amelogenesis imperfecta <img src="paste-13597866
459870.jpg" /><div>amelogenesis imperfecta</div>
1389224305881 2094571716
dentinogenesis imperfecta (hereditary opalescent
dentin)
<img src="paste-13623636263628.jpg" /><div>Dentinogenesis imperf
ecta</div>
1389224329409 2094571716
shell teeth (dentinogenesis imperfecta type 3)
<img src="paste-13649406067360.jpg" /><div>dentinogenesis imperfecta III;</div><
div>shell teeth</div>
1389224357028 2094571716
dentinal dysplasia (rootless tooth)
<img src
="paste-13683765805832.jpg" /><div>dentinal dysplasia</div>
1389224379474 2094571716
regional odontodsoplasia
<img src="paste13804024890070.jpg" /><div>regional odontodysplasia</div><div>ghost teeth</div>
defective fusion of <b>medial nasal process</b> with <b>maxillary process</
b> btwn 6th and 7th week
<b>medial nasal process</b> form <b>primary palate</b><div><br /></div><div><b>m
axillary process</b> forms <b>secondary palate</b></div>
1389054951973 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4763118731568.jpg" /> more com
mon in M or F? Females
1389055000782 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4763118731568.jpg" /> minimal
manifestation of this Picture is cleft palate<div>Answer: bifid uvula</div>
1389047469673 1381262663025 <img src="paste-1279900254690.jpg" /> Cleft li
p
1389047491728 1381262663025 <img src="paste-1717986918914.jpg" /> cleft pa
late
1389047686488 1381262663025 <img src="paste-1752346657276.jpg" /> bifid uv
ula
1389047698416 1381262663025 <img src="paste-1958505087466.jpg" /> submucou
s palatal cleft and bifid uvula
1389047772787 1381262663025 <img src="paste-2087354106340.jpg" /><div>Syndro
me?</div>
Pierre Robin syndrome
1389047858108 1381262663025 <img src="paste-2353642078704.jpg" /> Commissu
ral lip pit
1389048364021 1381262663025 <img src="paste-2611340116462.jpg" /> Paramedi
an lip pits
1389048413476 1381262663025 <img src="paste-2886218023402.jpg" /> double l
ip
1389048587190 1381262663025 <img src="paste-3088081486312.jpg" /> Ascher s
yndrome
1389048604345 1381262663025 <img src="paste-3113851290082.jpg" /> fordyce
granules
granules
granules
1389048698801 1381262663025 <img src="paste-3414499001260.jpg" /> microglo
ssia
1389048821456 1381262663025 <img src="paste-3543348019680.jpg" /> macroglo

ssia (down syndrome)
1389048850901 1381262663025 <img src="paste-3590592659932.jpg" /> macroglo
ssia
1389048864906 1381262663025 <img src="paste-3616362463708.jpg" /> ankylogl
ossia
1389048883148 1381262663025 <img src="paste-3826815861700.jpg" /> lingual
thyroid
1389048970066 1381262663025 <img src="paste-3934190043616.jpg" /> fissured
tongue
1389048993484 1381262663025 <img src="paste-3959959847392.jpg" /> Hairy to
ngue
1389049030197 1381262663025 <img src="paste-4127463572188.jpg" /> hairy to
ngue
1389049090992 1381262663025 <img src="paste-4174708212248.jpg" /> Hairy to
ngue.<div><br /></div><div>Elongation and marked hyperkaratosis of the filiform
papillae with bacterial accumulation on the surface</div>
1389049170647 1381262663025 <img src="paste-4376571675108.jpg" /> lingual
varices
1389049198175 1381262663025 <img src="paste-4402341478888.jpg" /> varicosi
ty<div><br /></div><div>firm thrombosed varix on lower lip</div>
1389049226605 1381262663025 <img src="paste-4887672783398.jpg" /> Hemihype
rplasia
1389050086381 1381262663025 <img src="paste-5072356377328.jpg" /> progress
ive hemifacial atrophy
1389050315606 1381262663025 <img src="paste-5970004542066.jpg" /> lateral
lingual tonsil
1389050568643 1381262663025 <img src="paste-6219112644978.jpg" /> retrocus
pid papilla
1389051297325 1381262663025 <img src="paste-7670811591028.jpg" /> Frenal t
ag
1389051377943 1381262663025 <img src="paste-8035883811188.jpg" /><div>specif
ically the pts jaw</div>
mandibular micrognathia
1389051580144 1381262663025 <img src="paste-8426725835566.jpg" /><div>jaw?</
div>
macrognathia
1389051706243 1381262663025 <img src="paste-8684423872894.jpg" /> erythema
migrans <div>(geographic tongue) </div><div>(Benign Migratory glossit
is)</div>
is)</div>
is)</div>
is)</div>
is)</div>
is)</div>
is)</div>
1389051982735 1381262663025 <img src="paste-9869834847152.jpg" /> circumva
llate papillae
1389052283643 1381262663025 <img src="paste-10200547328578.jpg" /> fungifor
m papillae
1389052371741 1381262663025 <img src="paste-10342281249084.jpg" /> filiform

papillae
1389053259203 1381262663025 <img src="paste-317827580488.jpg" />
lateral
lingual tonsil<div>(foliate papillae)</div>
1389053390469 1381262663025 <img src="paste-901943133042.jpg" />
Waldeyer
s ring
1389053401053 1381262663025 <img src="paste-944892806328.jpg" />
segmenta
l odontomaxillary dysplasia
1389220016471 2094571718
<img src="paste-1743756722970.jpg" /> enamel h
ypoplasia
1389220038453 2094571718
<img src="paste-1799591297424.jpg" /> enamel h
ypocalcification (opacities)
1389220101147 2094571718
<img src="paste-1842540970746.jpg" /> dental f
luorosis
1389220198688 2094571718
<img src="paste-1876900708948.jpg" /> attritio
n
1389220209197 2094571718
<img src="paste-1971389989568.jpg" /> abrasion
1389220257814 2094571718
<img src="paste-1997159793364.jpg" /> abfracti
on
1389220290939 2094571718
<img src="paste-2117418877620.jpg" /> erosion
1389220303943 2094571718
<img src="paste-2143188681034.jpg" /> Internal
Resorption
1389220325427 2094571718
<img src="paste-2177548419334.jpg" /> external
resorption
1389220338405 2094571718
<img src="paste-2203318223548.jpg" /> pulp cal
cification and stones
1389220397594 2094571718
<img src="paste-2237677961638.jpg" /> cementic
les
1389220441431 2094571718
<img src="paste-2357937046216.jpg" /> Tobacco
stain (extrinsic stain)
1389220474443 2094571718
<img src="paste-2383706849632.jpg" /> yellow s
tain (extrinsic stain)
1389220490778 2094571718
<img src="paste-2503965934220.jpg" /> brown st
ains (extrinsic stain)
1389220510923 2094571718
<img src="paste-2538325672642.jpg" /> black st
ain (extrinsic stain)
1389220530802 2094571718
<img src="paste-2572685410902.jpg" /> green st
ain (extrensic stain)
1389220547656 2094571718
<img src="paste-2598455214772.jpg" /> Betel le
af stain (extrinsic stain) (bettle nut stain)
1389220577427 2094571718
<img src="paste-2632814952834.jpg" /> orange s
tain (extrinsic)
1389220590195 2094571718
<img src="paste-2662879723926.jpg" /> metallic
stain (extrinsic stain)
1389220624960 2094571718
<img src="paste-2697239462242.jpg" /> miscella
neous extrinsic stains <div>(stannous fluoride & chlorhexidine)</div>
1389220666485 2094571718
<img src="paste-2817498546534.jpg" /> non-vita
l teeth (trauma) (intrinsic stain)
1389220695954 2094571718
<img src="paste-2843268350336.jpg" /> aging in
trinsic stain
1389220722482 2094571718
<img src="paste-2877628089052.jpg" /> Erythrob
lastosis fetalis intrinsic stain
1389220747330 2094571718
<img src="paste-2911987827102.jpg" /> biliary
atresia intrinsic stain
1389220763188 2094571718
<img src="paste-3032246911648.jpg" /> congenit
al porphyia intrinsic stain
1389220806342 2094571718
<img src="paste-3066606649982.jpg" /> tetracyc
line intrinsic stain
1389220824453 2094571718
<img src="paste-3100966388430.jpg" /><div>syndro
me</div>
hereditary ectodermal dysplasia <div>(hypodontia) (anadonti
a)</div>
1389220904934 2094571718
<img src="paste-3221225472784.jpg" /> hyperdon
tia (supernumerary teeth)
1389220939578 2094571718
<img src="paste-3255585211118.jpg" /> microdon
tia
1389220950882 2094571718
<img src="paste-3281355014844.jpg" /> macrodon
tia
1389220968239 2094571718
<img src="paste-3307124818648.jpg" /> geminati
on
1389220991651 2094571718
<img src="paste-3427383902960.jpg" /> fusion
1389221014818 2094571718
name both teeth<div><img src="paste-345315370652
6.jpg" /></div> <img src="paste-3466038608494.jpg" />
1389221041264 2094571718
<img src="paste-3586297692734.jpg" /> concresc
ence
1389221073481 2094571718
<img src="paste-3612067496642.jpg" /> talon cu
sp
1389221088007 2094571718
<img src="paste-3732326580888.jpg" /> addition
al cusps (cusp of carabelli)
1389221107346 2094571718
<img src="paste-3766686319026.jpg" /> dens eva
ginatus
1389221124700 2094571718
<img src="paste-3792456123080.jpg" /> dens in
dente (dens invaginatus)
1389221147535 2094571718
<img src="paste-3788161155784.jpg" /> enamel p
earl
1389221171590 2094571718
<img src="paste-3977139716720.jpg" /> taurodon
tism
1389221371472 2094571718
<img src="paste-4002909520562.jpg" /> hypercem
entosis (cementum hyperplasia)
1389221389634 2094571718
<img src="paste-4028679324366.jpg" /> dilacera
tion
1389221401440 2094571718
<img src="paste-4063039062742.jpg" /> supernum
erary roots
1389221429135 2094571718
<img src="paste-4097398801032.jpg" /> amelogen
esis imperfecta
1389221444789 2094571718
<img src="paste-4131758539486.jpg" /> dentinog
enesis imperfecta (hereditary opalescent dentin)
1389221481788 2094571718
<img src="paste-4157528343186.jpg" /> Shell te
eth (dentionogenesis imperfecta type 3)
1389221505299 2094571718
<img src="paste-4183298146980.jpg" /> dentinal
dysplasia (rootless teeth)
1389221537350 2094571718
<img src="paste-4303557231058.jpg" /> regional
odontodsoplasia
1391250240236 1384318139939 Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (Tumor) sex
female
1391250667663 1384318139939 Peripheral (Ossifying) Fibroma sex
females
1391253318285 1384318139939 Hemangioma sex female
1391254957942 1384318139939 Granular Cell Tumor sex female (2:1)
1391255304300 1384318139939 Congenital Granular Cell Epulis sex
females
1394809817937 1374768212495 Premature closing of the <b>cranial sutures (cra
niosynostosis), </b>caused by mutation on <b>chromosome 10, </b>and inherited as
an <b>autosomal dominant</b> disorder describes which syndrome? Crouzon
syndrome
1394809974348 1374768212495 What are four cranial manifestations associated
with Crouzon syndrome? 1. Brachycephaly-<b> short</b><div>2. Saphocephaly- <b>b
oat shaped</b></div><div>3. Trigonocephaly- <b>triangular</b></div><div>4. Kleeb
latt-schadel deformity- <b>cloverleaf</b></div>
1394810066176 1374768212495 <b>Cranial </b>malformations, proptosis & hy
perelorism (<b>protruding/spaced out eyes), </b>hearing deficit, midface <b>hypo
plasia w/ crowding teeth</b> describe which syndrome?
Crouzon syndrome
1394810170658 1374768212495 <b>Short stature, </b>cranial malformatinos, <b>
flattened occiput, </b>and <b>syndactyly/synonychia</b> describe which synd

rome? Apert Syndrome
1394810726499 1374768212495 What is the difference between Couzon syndrome a
nd Apert syndrome?
Syndactyly/synonychia
1394810863381 1374768212495 <b>Trapezoid lips, </b>open mouth/mouth breathin
g, Class <b>III</b> malocclusion, anterior open bite, <b>shovel incisors, <
/b> and gingival thickening with possible delayed eruption are seen in whic
h syndrome?
Apert syndrome
1394810959674 1374768212495 Defects from <b>first and second branchial arche
s, hypoplastic zygoma</b><b> (</b>narrow face with depressed cheeks), downw
ard-slanting eyes, <b>coloboma</b> (hole in eye), no eyelashes and <b>ear a
nomalies </b>describe which syndrome? Mandibulofacial Dysostosis (Treacher Col
lins syndrome)
1394811225118 1374768212495 <b>Absent/underdeveloped clavicles,</b> sho
rt stature, <b>large head, </b>LOTS of <b>supernumerary teeth</b> wit
h abnormal <b>tooth morphology</b>, and <b>cleft palate</b> are seen in whi
ch syndrome?
Cleidocranial dysplasia
1394811760990 1374768212495 Cleft palate, mandibular <b>micrognathia, </b>an
d <b>glossoptosis</b> describe which syndrome?
Pierre Robin Syndrome(Se
quence)
1394811840078 1374768212495 Mental retardation, short stature, <b>Flat
facial profile, </b>hyper telorism, epicanthal folds, <b>macroglossia</b>, and f
issured tongue are seen in which syndrome?
Down Syndrome
1394812088693 1374768212495 Fine, sparse hair and eyebrows, <b>heat intolera
nce</b> due to decreased sweat glands, and <b>reduced number of teeth with
abnormal shapes </b>(conical) describe which syndrome? Hereditary Ectodermal Dy
splasia
1394812148109 1374768212495 Autosomal <b>recessive </b>disorder, loss of fun
ction of <b>cathepsin C gene, accelerated periodontitis</b> at a very young
age, <b>palmar-plantar keratosis </b>as well as other dermatologic manifestatio
ns are present in what syndrome?
Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome
1394839819188 1374768212495 <b>Multiple benign hamartomatous growths, </b>au
tosomal <b>dominant</b>, multiple <b>small papules</b> on gingiva, dorsal t
ongue, and buccal mucosa are present in which syndrome? Multiple Hamartoma Syndr
ome (Cowden Syndrome)
1394219810556 1390161073008 T/F. Most oral lesions are not oral cancers or p
recancer, so they don t all require diagnosis and appropriate management.
F.<div><br /></div><div>Most oral lesions are not oral cancer or precancer, <b>y
et these lesions all require</b> diagnosis and appropriate management.</div>
1394219978347 1390161073008 How can you use diagnostic aids for oral cancer
screening/follow up?<div><br /></div> <div><ol><li>Must <b>know limitations</b
> to use aids to maximum benefit.</li><li><b>Some</b> diagnostic aids will be <b
>more informative than definitive</b>. </li><li><b>Some</b> can <b>help na
rrow the differential diagnosis</b>. </li><li>Others <b>help identify oral
lesions</b> of concern.</li></ol></div><div><br /></div>
1394220196852 1390161073008 5 different types of diagnostic aids and diagnos
tic procedures for oral pathology:
<ol><li>Clinical Laboratory Tests</li><l
i>Specialized Radiographic Studies</li><li>Oral cancer screening tools</li><li>e
xfoliative cytology</li><li>surgical biopsy</li></ol>
1394220275372 1390161073008 Examples of clinical laboratory tests Blood or
serum tests, cultures, urine studies, etc.
1394220300963 1390161073008 how often do dentistst use clinical lab tests?
seldomly, but can be helpful
1394220329838 1390161073008 do clinical lab tests provide a definitive diagn
ostic result? they may or may not, but are seldom used in dentistry
1394220360023 1390161073008 examples of specialised radiographic studies
CT scans, MRI, contrast studies, ultrasound, etc.
1394220509022 1390161073008 how helpful are specialized radiographic studies
?
1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Provide m
ore information to narrow a differential, but are rarely diagnostic.
1394220562875 1390161073008 examples for oral cancer screening tools: aids f

or clinical detection of oral lesion
<ol><li>VizLite and VizLite Plus</li><li
>VELscope</li></ol>
1394220677372 1390161073008 examples for oral cancer screening tools: labora
tory processed oral cancer screening aids
OralCDx brush biopsy
1394220745553 1390161073008 how useful is exfoliative cytology as a diagnost
ic aid and dianostic proceedure?
1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Results may be conclusive for some conditions, but for mo
st cases findings must be confirmed by biopsy.
1394220816240 1390161073008 d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Exfoliative Cytology may be useful for what?
<ol><li>evaluati
on of premalignant lesions</li><li>confirm presence of fungi.</li></ol>
1394220863721 1390161073008 how helpful are surgical biopsy for diagnostic i
nformation?
1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>H
istologic examination of biopsied tissue is expected to provide the <b>most defi
nitive diagnostic information</b> about the disease process.
1394221021271 1390161073008 what is the most definitive diagnostic aid/proce
dure you can do for oral pathology?
Histological examination of Surgical Bio
psy
1394221070701 1390161073008 what are the most common types of biopsy procedu
res:
<ol><li><b>Excisional biopsy</b> the entire lesion is removed (excised!)
and submitted for histologic examination.</li><li><b>Incisional biopsy</b> only
a portion of the lesion is removed and submitted for histologic examination.</l
i></ol>
1394221125107 1390161073008 the entire lesion is removed (excised!) and subm
itted for histologic examination.
Excisional biopsy
1394221212972 1390161073008 only a portion of the lesion is removed and subm
itted for histologic examination.
Incisional biopsy
1394553386013 1390161073008 when shapping the connectors of a anterior metal
ceramic FPD do you want the contacts to be horizontal or vertical
vertical
1394320489526 1390161073008 <div>List all the Lipid reticuloendothelioses</d
iv><div>(Storage Diseases)</div>
<div> Gaucher disease</div><div> Niemann-P
ick disease</div><div> Tay-Sachs disease</div>
1394330262594 1390161073008 Addisons Disease<div>destruction of adrenal corte
x can be due to what 4 problems</div> <div> Autoimmune</div><div> TB</div><div> T
umors</div><div> AIDS</div>
1390882938885 1381262663025 def: <div>thickened keratin layer of the su
rface epithelium<div><br /></div></div> Hyperkeratosis
1390882981097 1381262663025 <div>epithelium has a granular layer </div>
<div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>and the nuclei
are lost in the </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>keratin layer</div><div><br /></div>
Hyperorthokeratosis&nbsp
;
1390883005130 1381262663025 there is no granular cell layer and the epitheli
al nuclei are retained in the keratin layer
Hyperparakeratosis
1390883058419 1357716934781 intercellular edema of the spinous cell layer
Spongiosis
Spongiosis
1390883171434 1384318139939 thickened spinous layer Acanthosis
1390883178836 1384318139939 <div>alteration in size, shape</div><div><span c
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>and organization of adult
cells</div>
Epithelial dysplasia
1390883195834 1384318139939 a type of papillary, exophytic proliferation of
squamous epithelium
Verrucous hyperplasia
1390883227100 1384318139939 (WARTS). FINGER LIKE PROJECTIONS are also known
as... Verrucous hyperplasia
1390883244569 1384318139939 refers to abnormal cellular features
Atypia&n
bsp;
1390883254592 1384318139939 Atypia
refers to abnormal cellular feat
ures
1390883270760 1384318139939 Verrucous hyperplasia a type of papillary, exo
phytic proliferation of squamous epithelium (WARTS). FINGER LIKE PROJECTIONS

1390883283724 1384318139939 <div>Epithelial dysplasia</div> <div>alt
eration in size, shape</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
: pre"> </span>and organization of adult cells</div>
1390883302351 1384318139939 Acanthosis
thickened spinous layer
1390883311825 1384318139939 Spongiosis intercellular edema of the spino
us cell layer
1390883320752 1384318139939 Hyperparakeratosis
there is no gran
ular cell layer and the epithelial nuclei are retained in the keratin layer
1390883333930 1384318139939 <div>Hyperorthokeratosis </div>
<div>epi
thelium has a granular layer </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
"white-space: pre"> </span>and the nuclei are lost in the </div><div><span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>keratin layer</div>
1390883351559 1384318139939 Hyperkeratosis thickened keratin layer of the s
urface epithelium
1390883703881 1384318139939 Leukoedema def LEUKO = WHITE, <div><br /><
/div><div>EDEMA = FLUID</div>
1390884697101 1384318139939 A papillary growth composed of benign epithelium
and a small amount of supporting tissue.
Squamous Papilloma
1390884731638 1384318139939 Define a true neoplasm (GROWS ON ITS OWN WITHOU
T STIMULATION)
1390885095986 1384318139939 pedunculated involves a:<div><br /></div><div>NA
RROW </div><div><br /></div><div>or a</div><div><br /></div><div>WIDE</div>
<div><br /></div><div>STALK </div> narrow
1390885147022 1384318139939 sessile involves a:<div><br /></div><div>NARROW&
nbsp;</div><div><br /></div><div>or a</div><div><br /></div><div>WIDE</div><div>
<br /></div><div>STALK </div>
wide
1390885421965 1384318139939 Common Wart is known as what scientific name
Verrucous Vulgaris
1390886631029 1384318139939 (Self-Healing Carcinoma) is also known as...
Keratoacanthoma
1390887084920 1384318139939 a white patch on the mucosa that will not wipe o
ff and is no other specific disease
leukoplakia
1394070155561 1390161073008 Is a mucus retention cyst a true cyst? Yes<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><div>Cavity is lined by
epithelium (derived from a salivary duct) and thus is a true cyst.</div>
1394070196310 1390161073008 common to see inflammation in a mucus retention
cyst? no, typically absent
1394070230442 1390161073008 what is in the cavity of mucus retention cyst
filled with mucus
1394070270427 1390161073008 mucus retention cyst is lined by what? Epitheli
um<div><br /></div><div>(derived from a salivary duct) and thus is a true cyst.<
/div>
1394069925988 1390161073008 Mucus Retention Cyst are similar to mucous escap
e reactions clinically except: <ol><li>more common in <b>adults</b></li><li><b>
NOT Trama</b> locations (vestibules)</li><li><b>Major or Minor</b> glands</li><l
i><b>Firmer</b> (often)</li></ol>
1394070049003 1390161073008 who do you see mucus retention cysts in?
adults
1394070070022 1390161073008 mucus retention cyst: area
areas not easily
subjected to trauma, such as vestibules
1394070097852 1390161073008 mucus retention cyst: glands
major or
minor
1394070105276 1390161073008 mucus retention cyst: consistancy firmer t
han mucus escape reaction
1394070346587 1390161073008 Choice treatment for mucus retention cyst?
Conservative surgical excision (take feeder gland too)<div><br /></div><div>Send
tissue for histopathologic diagnosis before deciding on any further treatment.<
/div>
1394070399824 1390161073008 prognosis of mucus retention cyst?
Prognosi
s is good overall, <div><br /></div><div>recurrence is not expected.</div>

1394069790112 1390161073008 Other name for mucus retension cyst
Salivary
Duct Cyst
1389631103229 1381262663025 The Six Steps in Management of Oral Lesions
1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>History<div>2.<sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Examination</div><div>
3.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Clinical Diagnosi
s</div><div>4.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Diagn
ostic Procedure</div><div>5.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"
> </span>Definitive Diagnosis</div><div>6.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Treatment and Follow-up</div><div>HEC DDT</div>
1389631198525 1381262663025 History of the Lesion involves what six elements
<div>1) Etiology</div><div>2) Duration</div><div>3) Symptoms</div><div>4) Any pr
ior treatment</div><div>5) Any past history of similar conditions</div><div>6) A
ny family history of similar conditions</div><div><br /></div>
1389631467830 1381262663025 When reviewing "Other History" of a patient what
"medical" questions should we ask
any history of: <div>1) cancer,&nbs
p;</div><div>2) systemic or debilitating diseases?</div>
"social" questions should we ask
any history of: <div>1) tobacco use
, </div><div>2) drug </div><div>3) alcohol abuse? </div><div>4)
HIV infection/AIDS</div>
1389631660400 1381262663025 Intraoral Examinations must include/document whi
ch 8 factors of the lession
<div>1) Location of lesion</div><div>2) Pattern
of lesion</div><div>3) Size </div><div>4) Demarcation </div><div>5) Sh
ape </div><div>6) Color </div><div>7) Texture </div><div>8) Consi
stency </div><div>LP DT SS CC</div><div>Look (locatn) Pat, De Text Says Sha
pe Colors Consistently.</div>
1389640374925 1381262663025 Examinations consist of three parts
a.<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Intraoral Examination<div
>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Extraoral Head a
nd Neck Examination </div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>Radiographic Examination</div>
1389640805127 1381262663025 Diagnostic Procedures include what type of tests
(list 3)
<div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan>Clinical Laboratory Tests</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Specialized Radiographic Studies</div><div>c.<span class=
"Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Cytology Smears</div><div>d.<sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Surgical Biopsy</div>
1389641034338 1381262663025 Types of biopsy procedures
<div>Excisional
biopsy </div><div>Incisional biopsy </div><div><br /></div>
1389641113579 1381262663025 Establish the DEFINITIVE DIAGNOSIS by considerat
ion of what 3 factors 1) the history, <div>2) clinical information,
</div><div>3) results of diagnostic procedure</div>
1389641264922 1381262663025 Follow-up may take many forms.<div>the lecture n
ames three...</div>
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:p
re"> </span><b>Planned observation</b> via <b>periodic reevaluation</b> of the c
ondition</div><div><br /></div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>Medical management of the condition via <b>prescribed medicat
ion</b></div><div><br /></div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace:pre"> </span><b>Surgical management</b> of the condition involving <b>excis
ion of a lesion, reconstructive surgery</b> for a defect,<b> etc</b>.</div><div>
<br /></div>
1389641397372 1381262663025 Surgical management of follow-up conditions invo
lve what procedures (name two) excision of a lesion<div><br /></div><div>recons
tructive surgery for a defect</div>
1389641581444 1381262663025 Each stage of the patient work-up should be docu
mented using a SOAP note.<div>name these stages</div> <div>a.<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Initial presentation</div><div>b.<sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Further work-up visits
</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Follow

-up visits</div><div><br /></div>
1389672846712 1384318139939 When you are trying to get a history on a pt, wh
at should you do?
solicit appropriate history as needed
1389672894918 1384318139939 what is extremely important to do ask for the hi
story of a lesion?
duration of the lesion
1389672949030 1384318139939 what does pedunculated mean?
narrow stalk- mu
shroom shaped with a fat top<div>(a way to describe a lesion)</div>
1389673004458 1384318139939 define sessile broad based lesion
1389673035797 1384318139939 what is the difference between texture and consi
stency when describing a lesion?
texture- is the surface (rough/smooth)<d
iv><br /></div><div>consistency- you palpate down on it (firm, soft)</div>
1389673101272 1384318139939 define fluctuant
fluid felt when palpated
on<div><br /></div><div>(describes the consistency)</div>
1389673132749 1384318139939 what do you never put for the color of a lesion
never just put "normal" for the color, specify pigment color
1389673161773 1384318139939 when measuring the size of a lesion what is impo
rtant to not forget to measure all 3 dimensions
1389673187102 1384318139939 term used for a texture with fingerlike projecti
ons
papillary
1389673211255 1384318139939 what to check for in extraoral head and neck exa
m
lymph node involvement<div><br /></div><div>swelling</div>
1389673408315 1384318139939 what is the differential diagnosis?
a <b>ran
ked list</b> of diagnoses based on the history and clinical findings
1389673820204 1384318139939 what do you do after you have established a diff
erential diagnosis
perform the <b>diagnostic procedure</b> that will g
ive you the info needed to establish a <b>definitive diagnosis</b>
1389674064598 1384318139939 what will give the most definitive diagnosis inf
ormation about the disease process
surgical biopsy
1389674123442 1384318139939 What is the <b>single</b> diagnosis that best fi
ts the information obtained from the diagnostic procedure called?
Definiti
ve diagnosis
1389674235913 1384318139939 what is based on clinical findings with out usin
g the diagnostic procedure?
Imperical treatment
1389674286193 1384318139939 what steps do you skip when you do an "Imperical
treatment"
skip steps 4 & 5
1389674328350 1384318139939 at LLUSD, when do you not need to SOAP common p
athological conditions
1389674370727 1384318139939 why are any past hx of similar conditions signif
icant for the hx of lesions?
Hx of recurring condition is significant
1389674506879 1384318139939 what are the 6 steps in management of oral lesio
ns
1. History<div>2. Exam (1 & 2 can be switched)</div><div>3. Clinical
Diagnosis</div><div>4. Diagnostic Proceedure</div><div>5. Definative Diagnosis<
/div><div>6. Treatment & Followup</div>
1389633337636 1381262663025 well-defined margins <div><br /></div><div>
are a feature of what intraoral examination criteria</div>
4)<span class="A
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Demarcation
1389633367919 1381262663025 diffuse periphery<div><br /></div><div>is a feat
ure of what intraoral examination criteria</div>
4)<span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Demarcation
1389633387633 1381262663025 <div>sessile</div><div><br /></div><div>is a fea
ture of what intraoral examination criteria</div>
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Shape
1389633465454 1381262663025 pedunculated<div>is a feature of what intraoral
examination criteria</div>
shape
1389633502941 1381262663025 <div>polypoid</div>is a feature of what intraora
l examination criteria shape
1389633526182 1381262663025 <div>papillary</div>is a feature of what intraor
al examination criteria texture
1389633545683 1381262663025 <div>fluctuant</div>is a feature of what intraor
al examination criteria consistency

1389641478269 1381262663025 History fits into what SOAP category
S
1389641506688 1381262663025 Clinical Examination fits into what SOAP categor
y
O
1389641521977 1381262663025 Diagnosis fits into what SOAP category
assessment
1389641541880 1381262663025 Establishing Definitive Diagnosis fits int
o what SOAP category
plan
1389631319247 1381262663025 if the patient answered "yes" when asked if they
had "any prior treatment" for a lession what question should you ask next?
did prior treatment yield improvement or fail?
"dental" questions should we ask
is lesion associated with any abnormal d
ental condition or dental prosthesis?
1389633558031 1381262663025 Differential diagnosis is pt specific.<div>T/F</
div>
T
1389640148029 1381262663025 Differential diagnosis are standard and preplane
d, applying to all patients.<div>T/F</div>
F - differential diagnosis are p
t specific, no two differential diagnosis are the same
1389640273091 1381262663025 Evaluate lesion and its environs via what tool
CLINICAL EXAMINATION
1389640434152 1381262663025 Establish a DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS by constructi
ng a list of the few most likely diagnoses based on what
history and clin
ical findings
1389640465577 1381262663025 Which of these tests ALLWAYS provide definitive
diagnosis results:<div>-Blood or serum tests, </div><div>-cultures, </
div><div>-urine studies</div> none of them do!! "They may or may not provide"
so they dont ALWAYS provide<div><br /></div><div>p2</div>
1389640605207 1381262663025 <div>Specialized Radiographic Studies</div><div>
Provide more information but are rarely diagnostic.</div><div>T/F</div> T
1389640698388 1381262663025 Cytology Smears tests must be confirmed with wha
t findings
biopsy
1389640888595 1381262663025 After you Scrape and smear surface lesions for p
remalignant changes or to confirm presence of fungi what must you do to confirm
the results
biopsy
1389640942585 1381262663025 is expected to provide the most definitive diagn
ostic information about the disease process.
biopsied tissue
1389641053846 1381262663025 name the procedure: <div><br /></div><div>t
he entire lesion is removed (excised!) and submitted for histologic examination.
</div> a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre"> </span>Excision
al biopsy
1389641085327 1381262663025 name the procedure: <div><br /></div><div>o
nly a portion of the lesion is removed and submitted for histologic examination<
/div> b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre"> </span>Incision
al biopsy
1389641162325 1381262663025 the need for further TREATMENT or other short/lo
ng term FOLLOW-UP is based on what
Based on your definitive diagnosis
1389641336362 1381262663025 Planned observations for follow-ups are performe
d via periodic reevaluation of the condition
1389641370740 1381262663025 Medical management of follow-up conditions are p
erformed via
prescribed medication
1389641449065 1381262663025 At LLUSD, documentation of findings is made usin
g what format the SOAP format.
1389641613137 1381262663025 during an<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>"Initial presentation" stage of the patient work-up what s
hould you include for the S section
S<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </spa
n>Include relevant histories to date
te-space: pre"> </span>"Initial presentation" stage of the patient work-up what
should you include for the O section

O<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
n>Include thorough description of findings from clinical examination
should you include for the A section
A<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
n>Clinical differential diagnosis
should you include for the P section
P<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
n>Plan for diagnostic procedure(s) <div><br /></div><div>or </div><div
><br /></div><div>consultations needed to gather more information prior to makin
g a definitive diagnosis</div>
te-space: pre"> </span>"Further work-up visits" stage of the patient work-up wha
t should you include for the P section P<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
n>Plan for further treatment or follow-up
t should you include for the A section A<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
n>Definitive diagnosis if possible, <div><br /></div><div>or </div><di
v><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>narrow the differential diagnosis</div>
t should you include for the O section O<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
n>Note any changes in clinical presentation of condition
t should you include for the S section S<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
n>Include any new information provided by patient, patients physician and reporte
d results of any laboratory tests or other diagnostic procedures
te-space: pre"> </span>"Follow-up visits" stage of the patient work-up what shou
ld you include for the S section
S<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
n>Note patients comments about response to treatment, etc.
ld you include for the O section
O<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
n>Document clinical changes resulting from treatment modalities
ld you include for the A section
A<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
n>Not usually needed, unless to note degree of disease control
ld you include for the P section
P<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
n>Plan for changes in treatment regime or further follow-up
1391626652750 1374198547816 most common site for Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphtho
us Minor)
mucobuccal fold
1391626684346 1374198547816 Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor) sites affec
ted
<div>1) mucobuccal fold </div><div>2) tongue</div><div>3) palate&nb
sp;</div><div>4) labial mucosa </div><div>5) gingiva</div><div><br /></div>
1391645027872 1384318139939 for oral herpes usually which ganglia is involve
d
trigeminal
1391651621374 1384318139939 <div>Recurrent Herpes Simpex</div><div>Occurs us
ually on which area of the oral cavity</div><div><br /></div> muco-cutaneous j
unction
1391652667760 1384318139939 Recurrent Intraoral Herpes Simplex occurs in whi
ch area mucosa on periosteum (hard palate and gingival)
1391654701230 1384318139939 Herpes Zoster (Shingles) involves which ganglia<
div>-oral shingles involves which ganglia</div> dorsal root ganglia<div>-trigemi
nal nerve</div>
1391658655850 1384318139939 Median Rhomboid Glossitis location
posterio
r dorsal surface of tongue
1391658912763 1384318139939 <div></div><div>Dz is Widespread in Mississippi
Valley and northeastern U.S</div><div><br /></div>
Histoplasmosis
1391659471112 1384318139939 <div>Coccidiomycosis </div><div>Common in w
hich areas of the US</div><div><br /></div>
southwestern part of U.S.
1391661629283 1384318139939 when cancres are on the tongue, they are usually
in what area of the tongue
tip
1391661699881 1384318139939 when syphilis cancres are on this area of the mo
uth it is usually seen as a crusty lesion
the lip
1391661788918 1384318139939 cancre sores are found on which part of the lip
middle upper lip
1391665973079 1384318139939 big oral area affected by TB infection tonsils
1389563486035 1384318139939 What structures are injured to cause an MSD?
Muscles<div>Tendons</div><div>Ligaments</div><div>Joints</div><div>Nerves</div><
div>and other structures</div>
1389563574301 1384318139939 What are contributing factors to an MSD?
Equipment and the Worker
1389563604552 1384318139939 How long does it take for an MSD to occur?
Immediately or it may develop over time
1389563659255 1384318139939 What is correct Ergonomics?
Positioning ones
elf optimally and using the correct equipment and using it correctly to prevent
stress and injury
1389563706975 1384318139939 What are the early warning signs of an MSD?
Tension<div>Stiffness</div><div>Warmth</div><div>Tingling</div><div>Numbness</di
v><div>Pain</div><div>(others)</div>
1389563815115 1384318139939 the spinal column is the _____________ of all fu
nction Foundation
1389563874304 1384318139939 in the spinal column the ___________ spine inwar
d curvatureis the foundation.
1389563944289 1384318139939 where should your head be positioned in a neutra
l position?
heads over shoulders with no side bend
1389563974819 1384318139939 from front/back view how should the spine be pos
itioned?
straight and not leaning on either side
1389564039749 1384318139939 by what percentage does the amount of stress inc
rease in the vertebral disc when sitting unsupported
40% from standing
1389564225799 1384318139939 by what percentage does the amount of stress inc
rease in the vertebral disc in forward flexion 400%
1389564282607 1384318139939 What is the neutral position of the hip?
Level pelvis<div>Pelvis not rotated</div><div>Hips no ER/ABD/ADD/Flexion</div><d
iv>knees in line with the hips/trunks</div><div>Feet Straight</div>
1389564567926 1384318139939 What is the neutral position of the shoulder?
level<div>not rounded forward</div><div>not forward of the other</div><div>not i
n a hunching position</div>
1389564652422 1384318139939 Why does the body require movement?
Muscles
need to move for transport of nutrients, O2, and waste removal via circulation<d
iv><br /></div><div>Joints - synovial fluid/nutrients produced through compressi
on</div>
1389564811976 1384318139939 T/F in the neutral position can be considered pr

oblematic if maintained for too long
True
1389564888120 1384318139939 musculoskeletal structures are always trying to
correct ___________ to protect from injury
positioning
1389564972230 1384318139939 T/F correct positioning can be uncomfortable and
even cause pain when changing from an incorrect position position
True
1389565144508 1384318139939 What are the responses to pain and injury
Avoidance<div>Compensation</div><div>Guarding</div>
1389565174494 1384318139939 How can you relax a muscle that feels tight?
by contracting it, one will be relieving joint stiffness
1389565260752 1384318139939 what are 3 of 6 causes for an MSD?
Prolonge
d activity<div>repeated incorrect positioning</div><div>overuse</div><div>compen
sation</div><div>psychological/emotional stress</div><div>specific trauma (but l
ess frequently the problem)</div>
1389565613350 1384318139939 What are some risk factors in dentistry?
Prolonged Sitting<div>Awkward positions</div><div>Working in small spaces</div><
div>Sustained shoulder/arm positioning</div><div>Use of wrists and hands</div>
1389565999130 1384318139939 How would you prevent an injury from prolonged s
itting in a dental setting?
Having your spine aligned<div>tighten abs</div><
div>knees lower than hips</div><div>avoid rotation</div><div>avoid pressure on t
he back of the thigh</div><div>(and more)</div>
1389566313365 1384318139939 how would you prevent injury from awkward positi
ons in a dental setting?
Always adjust yourself first then the patient
1389566365826 1384318139939 how would you prevent injury from awkward positi
ons in the dental setting?
always adjust yourself first then the patient<di
v>Change Positions</div><div>Use mirror/loupes</div>
1389566465490 1384318139939 how do our daily habits affect MSDs?
the cons
tant repetition of things makes creates a type of imbalance because we work cert
ain muscles and avoid others
1389566568444 1384318139939 how would you prevent injury from working in a s
mall space in the dental setting?
mirror/loupes<div>evaluate muscle tensio
n</div><div>contract/relax</div><div>take breaks</div><div>use a specialist</div
><div>breathe</div>
1389566622914 1384318139939 how would you prevent injury from sustained shou
lder/arm positioning in the dental setting?
better spinal posture<div>should
ers parallel and retracted</div><div>elbows close to side, 90 degrees or less</d
iv><div>incline trunk at hips rather than reaching</div><div>engage core/upper b
ack muscles</div><div>arms rests</div><div>taking breaks</div>
1389566712199 1384318139939 how would you prevent injury from the constant u
se of wrists and and hands in the dental setting?
use larger grip instrume
nts<div>engage shoulder and core</div><div>space similar cases apart from each o
ther</div><div>take breaks</div>
1389566785451 1384318139939 how would you prevent injury from stress in the
dental setting? eat healthy<div>drink plenty of water</div><div>exercise</div>
1384843601291 1360692053906 What are the major contributing factors for acut
e pancreatitis? alcoholism or gallstones
1384843676572 1360692053906 Activation of what leads to activation of proteo
lytic enzymes eventually resulting in autodigestion in the pancreas?
Trypsino
gen
1384843826074 1360692053906 What are clinical signs for acute pancreatitis?
severe mid-abdominal pain<div>shock</div><div>amylase, lipase</div>
1384843918917 1360692053906 What is morphologic manifestation of chronic pan
creatitis?
fibrosis
1384843951803 1360692053906 What kind of cancer is carcinoma of pancreas?
adenocarcinoma from ductal epithelium
1384844114213 1360692053906 which tumors are due to mass effects? islet ce
ll tumors
1384844201911 1360692053906 What is zollinger Ellison syndrome?
gastrino
ma > gastrin > peptic ulcers
1384844244428 1360692053906 what is normal fasting blood blucose level?
62-110mg/dl
1384844320793 1360692053906 what level of fasting blood glucose is diagnosti
c for DM?
126 mg/dl
1384844344323 1360692053906 what is disease mechanism for type I DM?
Genetic--HLA and non-HLA<div>autoimmunity-- t cell mediated</div><div>Environmen
t--viruses (measles, mumps, rubella, coxsackie b, infectioius mono)</div>
1384844535504 1360692053906 what are major targets of DM? blood vessels<di
v>basement membrane </div><div>increased susceptibility to infections</div>
1384844689289 1360692053906 what are some complications of DM?
MI<div>d
iabetic nephropathy, etc</div><div>strokes</div><div>peripheral neuropathy</div>
<div>diabetic retinopathy</div><div><br /></div>
1391247712775 1384318139939 Irritation Fibroma (Traumatic Fibroma) <div
>Differential diagnosis</div> <div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>neurofibroma</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="w
</span>granular cell myoblastoma</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="w
</span>benign salivary tumors</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan>mucocele</div><div><br /></div>
1391250118895 1384318139939 Pyogenic Granuloma Differential diagnosis
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>peripheral g
iant cell tumor</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>peripheral
fibroma</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>some type of mali
gnancy may mimic pyogenic carcinoma, such as Kaposis sarcoma</div><div><br /></di
v>
1391250532827 1384318139939 <div>Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (Tumor)&nbs
p;</div><div>Differential diagnosis</div><div><br /></div>
<div>1)<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>pyogenic granuloma</div><div
le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>peripheral fibroma</div><div><span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>malignant lesion</div><div><br /></div>
1391250955105 1384318139939 <div>Peripheral (Ossifying) Fibroma </div><
div>Differential diagnosis</div><div><br /></div>
<div>1)<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>pyogenic granuloma</div><div><span c
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-s
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>peripheral giant cell tumor</div><div><span
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>fibroma</div><div><span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>metastatic carcinoma</div><div><br /></div>
1391251423678 1384318139939 Lipoma (Liposarcoma) differential diagnosis
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>fibroma (if
superficial)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>cyst (if deep
)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>salivary gland neoplasm<
/div><div><br /></div>
1391251772679 1384318139939 <div>Neurolemmoma (Schwannoma)</div><div>Differe
ntial diagnosis -</div><div><br /></div>
fibroma, <div><br /></div><
div>neurofibroma</div>
1391252836364 1384318139939 Neurofibroma Differential diagnosis
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>fibroma</div
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>neurolemmoma</div><div><br /><
/div>
1391253845578 1384318139939 <div>Hemangioma </div><div>Differential dia
gnosis</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></

div><div><br /></div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pr
e"> </span>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>"di
ascopy"</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </spa
n>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>may look lik
e mucocele, amalgam tattoo, nevi</div>
1391254710682 1384318139939 Lymphangioma Differential diagnosis hemangioma
1391255193156 1384318139939 Granular Cell Tumor Differential diagnosis
fibroma
1391283771246 1384318139939 local AIDS factor that<span class="Apple-tab-spa
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Contributes to dental caries and opportunisti
c infections
a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>X
erostomia
1391285533939 1384318139939 <div>cause of<span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
"white-space:pre"> </span>Oral Hairy Leukoplakia </div><div><br /></div>
Epstein-Barr virus
1391286227343 1384318139939 G.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Kaposi Sarcoma cause
human herpes virus type 8 (HHV8).
1391291176857 1384318139939 why would xerosthomia lead to infection IgA is n
ot being secreted to kill intruders
1391291248241 1384318139939 what type of habbit could lead to candidiasis du
e to denture wearing
1) pt does not take them off at night<div><br /></div><d
iv>2) denture is not kept clean</div>
1391292420624 1384318139939 how is kaposi sarcoma multicentric but not metas
tatic multicentric = multiple sites of origin <div><br /></div><div>metas
tatic = one site of origin, multiple areas of spread</div>
1391292500085 1384318139939 how is kaposi sarcoma multicentric but not malig
nant
malignant invades tissue <div><br /></div><div>multicentric does no
t invade tissue</div>
1393874533570 1390161073008 <div>What disease?</div><div>These tumors which
resemble serous acinar cells vary in their behavior from locally aggressive
to blatantly malignant. (Incidence rare)</div>
Acinic Cell Carcinoma
1393874801046 1390161073008 <div>1) <b>85%</b> occur in <b>parotid gland</b>
. [Rarely occurs in submandibular gland]</div><div>2) Occurs at all ages (even c
hildren), with peak incidence from <b>40 to 60 years </b>of age.</div><div>
3) Presents as a <b>slow-growing mass </b>measuring less than 3 cm.</div><div>4)
<b>Pain</b> is a <b>frequent</b> presenting symptom</div>
Acinic Cell Carc
inoma
1393874958276 1390161073008 T/F Acinic Cell Carcinoma: Surgical excision wit
h a border of normal tissue is usually curative. Prognosis is good.
T
1394385090997 1390161073008 Indications for Oral Exfoliative cytology
<div><ol><li>Red lesions that are not obviously inflammatory Erythroplakia</li><
li>Vesicular or bullous lesions Pemphigus vulgaris</li><li>Certain oral infectio
ns Candida, Herpes simplex</li></ol></div><div><br /></div>
1394385157017 1390161073008 Type of cytology indicated: red lesions not obvi
ously inflammed Exfoliative cytology
1394385197612 1390161073008 Type of cytology indicated: vesicular or bullous
lesion exfoliative cytology
1394385217882 1390161073008 Type of cytology indicated: candidida infection
exfoliative cytology
1394385251582 1390161073008 Type of cytology indicated: herpes simplex
1394385263099 1390161073008 Type of cytology indicated:erythroplakia
1394385274945 1390161073008 Contradictions to Oral Exfoliative Cytology:
<div><ol><li>obvious malignancy</li><li>Obviously keratotic (white) lesions&nbsp
;</li><li>crusted lesions</li><li>Deep lesions which do not communicate with the
surface</li></ol></div><div><br /></div>
1394385329985 1390161073008 which would be indicated and which would be cont
rainidcated for an exfoliative cytology? Red lesions (not inflammatory) or a whi

te lesion?
RED: indicated<div>WHITE: contraindicated</div>
1394385383447 1390161073008 Advantages of Cytology Procedures Compared to Bi
opsy: <div>a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><b>S
imple procedure</b> requiring little time and limited supplies</div><div><br /><
/div><div>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><b>Conv
enient for patient</b> arouses less fear since causes only minor discomfort and
requires no cutting or anesthesia.</div><div><br /></div><div>c)<span class="App
le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><b>Rapid laboratory turn around tim
e</b></div><div><br /></div><div>d)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span><b>Inexpensive</b></div><div><br /></div>
1394385433881 1390161073008 what is the biggest disadvantage of exfoliative
cytology?**
<b>Definitive diagnosis is not possible.</b>
1394385471889 1390161073008 Disadvantages of Exfoliative Cytology <div>a)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Definitive diagnosis
is not possible.</div><div>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pr
e"> </span>Has limited applicability.</div><div>c)<span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>Technique often leads to inadequate cellular samp
ling.</div><div>d)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>I
t is not useful as an oral cancer screening procedure.</div><div>e)<span class="
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Positive smear still requires co
nfirmatory biopsy.</div><div>f)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:p
re"> </span>A negative smear means little and often leads to a false sense of se
curity and inadequate follow-up.</div><div><br /></div>
1394385489710 1390161073008 can you use exfoliative cytology as an oral canc
er screening procedure? No
1394231960014 1390161073008 what must you always do BEFORE you take a biopsy
specimen?
Have a differential Diagnosis
1394232008275 1390161073008 why do you need a differential diagnosis BEFORE
you biopsy
The diagnoses you are considering will dictate site selection an
d size required of the biopsy specimen.
1394232038291 1390161073008 If your not really sure what biopsy to do, shoul
d you just do an excisional and repeat a different one if needed?
No.<div>
<br /></div><div>Repeating biospys are stressful for patients.</div><div><b><br
/></b></div><div><b>choose a biopsy procedure that will provide an adequate spec
imen to evaluate for every possibility on your differential</b></div>
1394232154282 1390161073008 what surgical procedure is always preferred for
solitary lesion?
excisional biopsy
1394232175531 1390161073008 what size can usually be exsized by a general de
ntist or student?
lesions up to 1cm (10mm)
1394232208790 1390161073008 <b>If you have a lesion that is a little larger
than you are comfortable with to excise (1.5cm), but are not sure what surgical
biospy to do it is best to first do a incisional biopsy and if needed remove the
rest by excision. T/F?**</b> False.<div><ol><li><b>Never perform an incisiona
l biopsy on a lesion that could and should be completely excised on initial surg
ery. </b></li><li><b>In other words, if it should be completely excised, b
ut you cannot remove the lesion completely, refer the patient to a qualified sur
geon.</b></li></ol></div>
1394232379401 1390161073008 Appropriate for lesions which require definitive
diagnosis before definitive treatment can be planned. Incisional biopsy
1394383917364 1390161073008 what type of biopsy is appropriate for a large,
apparently benign lesion
incisional
1394383963333 1390161073008 what type of biopsy is appropriate for diffuse l
esion? incisional
1394383974564 1390161073008 what type of biopsy is appropriate for multifoca
l, diffuse non-neoplastic diseases?
incisional (multiple biopsy sites may be
desired)
1394384006964 1390161073008 when is the ONLY time you should do an incisiona
l biopsy on a large suspected malignancy?
ONLY if precise diagnosis will h
elp patient gain speedy entry into medical treatment network.
1394384063518 1390161073008 what is usually the best dianostic procedure for

lesions of highly suspicious malignancy?
<ol><li>Usually the patient rece
ives the best care if he or she is <b>referred to a qualified surgeon</b> for th
e diagnostic procedures, since referral for a complete work-up and definitive tr
eatment will be necessary anyway. </li><li><b>Only rarely does it speed up
the treatment process if the dentist performs the biopsy and refers later</b>.<
/li></ol>
1394384182820 1390161073008 If the dentist decides to do the biopsy themslev
es of a highly suspicious MLG instead of referring what should they do? <ol><li>
Ideal: Completely excise the lesion if you can obtain a <b>minimum 2 mm mar
gin of normal</b> tissue in doing so. Otherwise, refer the patient to anothe
r surgeon</li><li>If the lesion is <b>very large and cannot be excised</b> by bi
opsy, perform an <b>incisional biopsy</b>.</li></ol>
1394384289815 1390161073008 what is very important to remember when doin an
incisional biopsy?
<b>Never obscure the perimeter of the lesion by your bio
psy procedure. </b><div><br /></div><div>If you do so, you may be jeopardiz
ing the success of the definitive surgery.</div>
1394384352303 1390161073008 Steps of doing an incisional biopsy for a very l
arge suspicious MLG lesion that can t be excised:
<ol><li><b>Don t di
sturb the junction </b>with normal tissue. </li><li><b>Never obscure the p
erimeter of the lesion by your biopsy procedure.**</b></li><li>Take an <b>ample
sample</b> at least <b>1.0 x 0.5 x 0.5 cm</b></li><li><b>Get deep</b> enough to
have a good diagnostic specimen.</li><li><b>Don t biopsy ulceration or necrosis<
/b></li></ol>
1394384550630 1390161073008 Steps for the selection of incisional biopsy sit
e and size
<ol><li>Select site that is <b>most characteristic of the primar
y clinical diagnosis</b>.</li><li><b>Avoid</b> any area of obvious <b>ulceration
</b>. </li><li><b>Take</b> <b>intact tissue</b> at <b>ulcer edge</b>.</li>
<li><b>Avoid</b> <b>central</b> portion of lesion if it appears <b>necrotic</b>.
</li><li><b>Avoid</b> <b>extreme periphery</b> of lesion</li><li><b>Do NOT take
a border of normal tissue</b>  </li><li>Take the <b>entire specimen</b
> from the <b>abnormal</b> area.</li><li><b>adequate sample</b>, including suffi
cient depth of tissue. <b>1.0 x 0.5 x 0.5 cm</b>.</li><li><b>multiple or d
iffuse lesions</b>, <b>several specimens</b> from properly selected sites often
have greater diagnostic value than a single specimen</li></ol>
1394384838213 1390161073008 What isProbably the most common error in incisio
nal biopsy
taking a superficial specimen. <div><br /></div><d
iv>Get deep enough to have a good diagnostic specimen.</div>
e:pre"> </span>Defined as removal of living tissue for the purpose of histologic
(microscopic) examination.
Surgical biopsy
1394231317477 1390161073008 Purposes of Microscopic Examination of Surgical
Biopsy <div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>To d
iagnose disease.</div><div><br /></div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style
="white-space:pre"> </span>To confirm normal conditions (to reassure cancerphobe
s).</div><div><br /></div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>Legally, the treatment or long-term observation of a lesion withou
t the aid of a biopsy can be construed as malpractice.</div><div><br /></div>
1394231368856 1390161073008 what is a MAJOR reason for doing a surgical biop
sy of a treatment or long-term observation
Legally, without the aid of a bi
opsy could be construed as malpractice
1394231430383 1390161073008 what is the standard of care in dentistry with r
emoved tissue?**
<div><b>send all tissue removed from the body during den
tal treatment for biopsy examination to confirm the clinical diagnosis.</b></div
><div><br /></div>
1394231467499 1390161073008 Indications for Oral Biopsy:
<div>1)<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>When the diagnosis cannot be
confirmed on the basis of clinical findings.</div><div><br /></div><div>2)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>When an accurate diagnos
is is essential in planning treatment for a lesion. </div><div><br /></div>
<div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>It is the st

andard of care in dentistry to send all tissue removed from the body during dent
al treatment for biopsy examination to confirm the clinical diagnosis.</div>
1394231495613 1390161073008 Contraindications for Oral Biopsy:
<div>1)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Some say none.</div><d
iv><br /></div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp
an>Medical conditions for which even minor surgery is contraindicated: Ble
eding disorder, extreme debilitation, advanced cardiac disease, acute infection,
medically unstable patient, etc.</div><div><br /></div>
1394231515264 1390161073008 What are the objectives for surgical biopsy proc
edures? <div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>To p
rovide appropriate specimen for histologic diagnosis.</div><div><br /></div><div
>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>To achieve a cure
by excision of localized lesions (if applicable).</div><div><br /></div>
1394231544530 1390161073008 List the different types of biopsy techniques:
<ol><li>Excisional biopsy</li><li>Incisional biopsy</li><li>brush biopsy</li><li
>curettage</li><li>needle bore biopsy</li><li>fine needle aspiration biopsy</li>
</ol>
1394231595719 1390161073008 biopsy of choice for small solitary lesions?
excisional
1394231618365 1390161073008 biopsy of choice for large or diffuse lesions?
incisional
1394231631095 1390161073008 the entire lesion is removed.
excision
al biopsy
1394231644066 1390161073008 only portion of lesion is removed
incision
al biopsy
1394231654169 1390161073008 List biopsy that are actually a cytology procedu
re
Brush biopsy<div><br /></div><div>Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy</div>
1394231673368 1390161073008 transepithelial sampling of cells and clusters o
f cells obtained using a special brush Brush biopsy (really a cytology procedur
e)
1394231695013 1390161073008 small fragments of tissue are removed from a bon
y cavity or body space using a sharp surgical instrument curettage
1394231707905 1390161073008 tissue within a deep or internal lesion is remov
ed with a large bore cutting needle.
Needle core biopsy
1394231778128 1390161073008 fluid and small groups of cells are removed from
deep or internal lesion Fine needle aspiration biopsy
1394385548975 1390161073008 What is the name brand of Brush biopsy
OralCDx brush biopsy
1394385565091 1390161073008 T/F. An advantage of OralCDx brush biopsy is the
y can find oral cancers for you.
False, they can t
1394385613726 1390161073008 Can Oral CDx brush biopsy help you screen cancer
/precancer
yes. If YOU find an oral lesion, it can screen it for cancer/pre
cancer
1394385656037 1390161073008 <div>What is the OralCDx brush biopsy?</div>
<div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Computer-assist
ed analysis of an oral cytology sample</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" sty
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Evaluates specimen ONLY for malignant and premalign
ant epithelial changes.</div><div><br /></div>
1394385680330 1390161073008 Indications for Oral Brush Biopsy to scree
n for pre-malignant and malignant changes in any lesion involving oral mucosa.
1394385703041 1390161073008 Contraindication to Oral Brush Biopsy
any lesion where the primary clinical diagnosis is NOT a mucosal malignancy or p
remalignant lesion
1394385728710 1390161073008 Interpretation of Brush Biopsy Report: &nbs
p;no epithelial abnormality
Negative
1394385781030 1390161073008 Interpretation of Brush Biopsy Report: abno
rmal epithelial changes of uncertain diagnostic significance. Atypical
1394385793786 1390161073008 Interpretation of Brush Biopsy Report: definitiv
e cellular evidence of epithelial dysplasia or carcinoma.
Positive
1394385806491 1390161073008 Interpretation of Brush Biopsy Report: inco

mplete transepithelial biopsy specimen. Inadequate
1394385818909 1390161073008 Advantages of Brush Biopsy Compared to Biopsy
<div>a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Simple proce
dure requiring little time and only limited supplies.</div><div><br /></div><div
>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Convenient for p
atient arouses less fear since it causes only minor discomfort and requires no c
utting or anesthesia.</div><div><br /></div><div>c)<span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>Brush biopsy technique may be useful to screen f
or oral cancer.</div><div><br /></div>
1394385876381 1390161073008 Biggest disadvantage of Brush biopsy
<b>Defin
itive diagnosis is not possible.</b> <div><br /></div><div>All positive res
ults must be confirmed by biopsy, requiring a second diagnostic procedure.</div>
1394385908068 1390161073008 Disadvantages of Brush biopsy <div>a)<b><span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Definitive diagnosis is n
ot possible</b>. All positive results must be confirmed by biopsy, requiri
ng a second diagnostic procedure.</div><div><br /></div><div>b)<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>If technique not applied properly, i
ncomplete sampling will render the specimen non-diagnostic (Inadequate).</div><d
iv><br /></div><div>c)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp
an>Reports of <b>atypical findings</b> are of uncertain diagnostic significant and
<b>require biopsy for definitive diagnosis</b>.</div><div><br /></div><div>d)<s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Test gives both <b>fa
lse positives and false negatives</b>.</div><div><br /></div>
1394384911468 1390161073008 Defined as a sampling of individual cells or clu
ster of cells for histologic examination.
Cytology
1394384922968 1390161073008 Types of Oral Cytology Procedures
Exfoliat
ive Cytology<div>Brush Biopsy</div>
1394384949036 1390161073008 specimen is obtained by scraping the surface of
a lesion to obtain cells.
Exfoliative cytology
1394384977570 1390161073008 Why is the commonly used term exfoliative cy
tology is a misnomer the cells sampled are not truely exfoliated
1394385014430 1390161073008 Oral Cytology Procedure used to obtain cells as
sampling from all the layers of the epithelium not just the surface cells
Brush Biopsy
1391247448557 1384318139939 one of the most common lesions in the oral cavit
y
Irritation Fibroma (Traumatic Fibroma)
1391249734220 1384318139939 Pyogenic Granuloma is comonly encountered in whi
ch medical condition
pregnancy
1394048978099 1384318139939 <div>Which of these is the major cause of Xerost
omia:</div><div><br /></div><div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span>Salivary gland aplasia</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>Smoking</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>Mouth breathing</div><div>4)<span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Local irradiation</div><div>5)<span cl
ass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Chemotherapy</div><div>6)<s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Specific diseases esp
ecially Sjgren syndrome</div><div>7)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span>Medications</div><div>8)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>Aging</div><div><br /></div>
medications
1394050279310 1384318139939 What is the etiology of Benign Lymphoepithelial
Lesion
immunologic<div>and</div><div>genetic problems</div>
1394050661157 1384318139939 Benign Lymphoepithelial Lesion is due to infiltr
ation of what type of cells
lymphoid cells
1394051463771 1384318139939 which genetic factors are seen in sjogren syndro
me (3) 1) HLA-DRw52<div>2) HLA - B8</div><div>3) HLA - DR3</div>
1394053999937 1384318139939 disease due to infarction of minor salivary glan
ds
Necrotizing Sialometaplasia
1394047468514 1390161073008 tell me what are the Benign Salivary Gland
Neoplasms (3) 1) benign mixed tumor (pleomorphic adenoma)<div>2) Warthin tumor
</div><div>3) canalicular adenoma (monomorphic adenoma)</div>

1394049745430 1384318139939 name two major diseases mentioned as causing xer
ostomia 1) sjogrens syndrome<div>2) sarcoidosis</div>
1394049788666 1384318139939 pt with difficulty swallowing and carious lessio
ns on exposed roots
xerostomia
1394049833943 1384318139939 3 treatments mentioned in class that are known t
o be good artificial saliva substitutes 1) mouth kote<div>2) oral balance gel</d
iv><div>3) moisturizing mouthwash</div>
1394049889477 1384318139939 Your patient has been diagnosed with xerostomia,
after its all said and done they ask you, "doc, why cant i just drink water for
lubrication?" <div>why would this not be such a good idea</div><div>-what
is water good for</div> water washes away the mucous saliva = makes your mouth m
ore dry<div>-keepign you hydrated, but not directly for the mouth cavity</div>
1394050690306 1384318139939 histology:<div>glandular tissue with lymphocytes
</div><div>dz?</div>
Benign Lymphoepithelial Lesion (early stage)
1394050745236 1384318139939 histology:<div>necrotic/atrohpic acini with fibr
osis</div><div>a sea of lymphocytes</div>
Benign Lymphoepithelial Lesion (
later stage)
1394051599881 1384318139939 Anti-SS A and anti-SS B antibodies are seen in p
rimary or secondary sjogrens
primary
1394052116098 1384318139939 rheumatoid factor is seen in primary or secondar
y sjogrens
primary
1394052135592 1384318139939 antinuclear antibodies are seen in primary or se
condary sjogrens
primary
1394052714146 1384318139939 a biopsy of major salivary glands revealed<div>a
cinar atrophy and ductal hyperplasia <div>with focal lymphocytic sialadenit
is</div></div><div>dz?</div>
sjogrens syndrome
1394052961584 1384318139939 focal lymphocytic aggregates are found in which
type of salivary glands in sjogrens syndrome
both major and minor glands
1394053038343 1384318139939 what histologic indication will tell you of the
severity of salivary involvement in sjogrens syndrome:<div>-Acinar atrophy of th
e major salivary glands</div><div>-Acinar atrophy of the minor salivary glands</
div><div>-Increased number of foci of major salivary glands</div><div>-Increased
number of foci of minor salivary glands</div> Increased number of foci of mino
r salivary glands
1394053749338 1384318139939 squamous metaplasia of salivary ducts<div>pseudo
epitheliomatous hyperplasia</div><div>minor salivary glands affected</div>
1394053972692 1384318139939 which tissue is the first tissue to die in
acinar
1394055246641 1384318139939 duct like structures, flimsy or defective capsul
e<div>epithelial tissue with mucoid, myxoid or chondroid tissue</div><div>dz?</d
iv>
Benign Mixed Tumor
1394050045990 1384318139939 two sialogogues used for xerostomia:<div>-piloca
rpine</div><div>-methioxyloprene</div><div>-exenthamoprene</div><div>-antihistam
ine</div><div>-antholetrithionine</div> pilocarpine<div><br /></div><div>anthole
trithionine</div>
1394050168399 1384318139939 what 2 medications can you prescribe for caries
prevention regimes
1) fluoride<div>2) chlorhexidine</div>
1394050844674 1384318139939 Benign Lymphoepithelial Lesion tx
none&nbs
p;
1394053205815 1384318139939 Rx drug to relieve dry mouth in SS
Evoxac
1394053272027 1384318139939 Painful salivary gland swellings may be managed
by
analgesics and antibiotics.
1394054135248 1384318139939 Most important step in treatment of Necrotizing
Sialometaplasia<div>-why</div> biopsy<div>-you do not want to missdiagnose it a
nd treat it as a malignancy</div>
1394055328601 1384318139939 Benign Mixed Tumor tx excision
1394055344645 1384318139939 why is Benign Mixed Tumor not treated with enucl
eation increases rate of recurrence (which this tumor is famous for)
1394048002669 1903179459
1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Mucocele nonneoplastic
1394048024776 1903179459
<div>2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>Mucous Escape Reaction</div>
nonneoplastic
1394048045411 1903179459
Mucous Extravasation Phenomenon nonneoplastic
1394048057052 1903179459
e:pre"> </span>Ranula
nonneoplastic
1394048067387 1903179459
e:pre"> </span>Mucus Retention Cyst
nonneoplastic
1394048075786 1903179459
Salivary Duct Cyst
nonneoplastic
1394048085674 1903179459
e:pre"> </span>Sialolithiasis
nonneoplastic
1394048094538 1903179459
e:pre"> </span>Sialadenitis
nonneoplastic
1394048102650 1903179459
e:pre"> </span>Cheilitis Glandularis
nonneoplastic
1394048114602 1903179459
e:pre"> </span>Xerostomia
nonneoplastic
1394048123013 1903179459
e:pre"> </span>Benign Lymphoepithelial Lesion nonneoplastic
1394048134033 1903179459
10.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span>Sjgren Syndrome nonneoplastic
1394048143906 1903179459
ce:pre"> </span>Sialadenosis
nonneoplastic
1394048155434 1903179459
Sialosis
nonneoplastic
1394048165194 1903179459
ce:pre"> </span>Necrotizing Sialometaplasia
nonneoplastic
1394048174161 1903179459
Pleomorphic Adenoma
benign
1394048197344 1903179459
e:pre"> </span>Warthin Tumor
benign
1394048207977 1903179459
Papillary Cystadenoma Lymphomatosum
benign
1394048217274 1903179459
e:pre"> </span>Canalicular Adenoma
benign
1394048229355 1903179459
Monomorphic Adenoma
benign
1394048236992 1903179459
a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Oncocytoma
benign
1394048244184 1903179459
b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Basal cell adenoma
benign
1394048250817 1903179459
c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Sebaceous adenoma
benign
1394048258033 1903179459
d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Sialadenoma papilliferum benign
1394048265753 1903179459
e.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Papillary cystadenoma
benign
1394048272609 1903179459
f.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Myoepithelioma benign
1394048279873 1903179459
e:pre"> </span>Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma malignant
1394048292899 1903179459
e:pre"> </span>Acinic Cell Carcinoma
malignant
1394048302385 1903179459
e:pre"> </span>Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma malignant
1394048323824 1903179459
e:pre"> </span>Polymorphous Low-Grade Adenocarcinoma
malignant
1394048334657 1903179459
e:pre"> </span>Salivary Adenocarcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified malignan
t
1394050200313 1384318139939 This disease is characterized by unilateral or b
ilateral swelling of the parotid glands, resulting from a benign infiltration of
lymphoid cells.
Benign Lymphoepithelial Lesion
1394050909655 1384318139939 xeropthalmia def

dry eyes
1394050932930 1384318139939 xerostomia def dry mouth
1394053379317 1384318139939 Term refers to very uncommon non-inflammatory di
sorder characterized by asymptomatic salivary gland enlargement.
Sialaden
osis
1394053512124 1384318139939 is a reactive lesion that may be mistaken for a
neoplasm both clinically and histologically.
1394050866500 1384318139939 is there a risk of malignant transformation with
Benign Lymphoepithelial Lesion yes
1394052175505 1384318139939 which patients are more at risk of developing mo
re sjogrens syndrome? RA patients or SLE patients?
SLE (30%) vs RA (15%)
1394053239310 1384318139939 sjogrens syndrome puts you at threat of what ora
l infection in particular
candidiasis
1394053293181 1384318139939 is there a risk of malignancy with sjogrens synd
rome
yes!!! big time
1394053331780 1384318139939 what malignancies are we at risk of in sjogrens
syndrome
1) non-Hodgkin lymphoma<div>2) MALT lymphoma (B cell origin)</di
v>
1394055396222 1384318139939 benign tumor in which multiple recurrences can l
ead to malignant transformation Benign Mixed Tumor
1394055434398 1384318139939 is there a risk of malignancy with Benign Mixed
Tumor yes
1394053430901 1384318139939 most common hormonal disorder associated with si
aladenosis
diabetes
1394054225518 1384318139939 most common of all tumors of salivary glands
benign mixed tumor (pleomorphic adenoma)
1394048398545 1384318139939 xerostomia can only be determined subjectively b
y the patients perception of dry mouth<div>T/F</div>
F - subjective or object
ive
1394048970117 1384318139939 xerostomia can only be determined objectively by
the dentists <div>T/F</div>
F - objectively or subjectively
1394049012086 1384318139939 in what area of the tooth will you have more ris
k of caries if you have a patient with xerostomia
exposed roots
1394049099894 1384318139939 will you have an increase or a decrease of perio
dontal dz with xerostomia
incr
1394049120915 1384318139939 clinical exam reveals moist and glistening mucos
a, no pooling of saliva is observed<div>dz?</div>
mild xerostomia
1394049717674 1384318139939 clinical exam reveals mirror sticking to the che
ek of pts mouth xerostomia
1394050231472 1384318139939 Benign Lymphoepithelial Lesions are due to bilat
eral or unilateral lessions in the parotid?
both!
1394050363475 1384318139939 female<div>middle age</div><div>cheeks are swoll
en</div><div>saliva flow is reduced but still present</div>
Benign Lymphoepi
thelial Lesion
1394050462245 1384318139939 Benign Lymphoepithelial Lesion is commonly seen
with what other condition
sjogrens syndrome
1394050492189 1384318139939 Benign Lymphoepithelial Lesion is a disease in w
hich swelling of the parotid gland is due to an infiltration of lymphoid cells.&
nbsp;<div><br /></div><div>This leads to a compromised salivary output and xeros
tomia.</div><div><br /></div><div>-both statements are true</div><div>-both stat
ements are false</div><div>-the first statement is true, the second is false</di
v><div>-the first statement is false and the second is true</div>
the firs
t statement is true, the second is false (no compromise in salivary output)
1394050941845 1384318139939 dry eyes and dry mouth are major manifestations
of which type of sjogren syndrome?
both primary and secondary
1394051411684 1384318139939 major rheumatoid arthritis is seen in which type
of sjogren syndrome
secondary sjogrens
1394052260583 1384318139939 most sjogren syndrome patients are male or femal
e
female (80%)
1394052365747 1384318139939 age group of sjogren syndrome middle age
1394052391934 1384318139939 <div>a) Dry, gritty, burning eyes</div><div>b) R

edness, photophobia, discharge</div><div>this conjunction of symptoms has a name
, what is it?</div><div>-what syndrome is it associated with</div>
keratoco
njunctivitis sicca<div>-sjogrens syndrome</div>
1394052458052 1384318139939 lacrimal gland enlargement is a common sign of s
jogrens syndrome<div>T/F</div> F - uncommon
1394052482408 1384318139939 most common oral manifestation of sjogren syndro
me
xerostomia (90% of pts)
1394052511156 1384318139939 in sjogrens syndrome salivary gland enlargement
may or may not be present. if it is present it usually manifests how clinically?
bilateral parotid swelling
1394052610019 1384318139939 Dr. Richards mentioned that a big problem of sjo
grens syndrome in the oral cavity is... rapidly progressive dental caries
1394053398178 1384318139939 Sialadenosis involves which glands most comonly
parotid
1394053469997 1384318139939 HAART therapy from HIV infections can put you at
risk for which nonneoplastic salivary gland dz Sialadenosis
1394053560363 1384318139939 acini die and become necrotic but duct proceed a
nd become metaplastic and start forming nests of invasive epithelium leading to
what condition Necrotizing Sialometaplasia
1394053599469 1384318139939 male <div>30 to 40 years old</div><div>comp
laining with a painless ulceration and a history of tender swelling in the
palate</div><div>lession heals on its own </div> Necrotizing Sialometapla
sia
1394053880474 1384318139939 when biopsing a patient with Necrotizing Sialome
taplasia the results came back "mucoepidermoid carcinoma" <div>what led to
the missdiagnosis</div> biopsy was not deep enough
1394054032983 1384318139939 post surgical infarction of salivary glands shou
ld be diagnosed as what:<div>-necrotizing sialometaplasia </div><div>-sjogr
ens syndrome</div><div>-sheehans syndrome</div><div>-idiopathic infarction</div>
idiopathic infarction
1394054198359 1384318139939 how long will it take for Necrotizing Sialo
metaplasia to heal
6-10 wks
1394054261286 1384318139939 from most to least common list the areas where b
enign mixed tumor is most likely to be involved:<div><br /></div><div>-submandib
ular</div><div>-minor gland</div><div>-parotid</div>
1) parotid<div>2) subman
dibular</div><div>3) minor gland</div>
1394054350061 1384318139939 which is found deeper in the tissue? lipomas or
benign mixed tumors?
benign mixed tumors
1394054402213 1384318139939 30-50 yo female<div>presenting with a growth beh
ind the angle of the mandible below and in front of the ear. the mass has been g
rowing painlessly for 6 months.</div><div>mass is well defined and moveable.</di
v><div>No ulcers are seen.</div><div><br /></div>
Benign Mixed Tumor
1394054711573 1384318139939 most common minor salivary gland site for Benign
Mixed Tumor is...
the palate
1394054809636 1384318139939 which part of the parotid is affected the most i
n Benign Mixed Tumors?<div>-anterior</div><div>-posterior</div><div>-deep</
div><div>-superficial</div>
superficial
1394054855427 1384318139939 Facial paralysis from 7th nerve involvement is c
ommon in benign mixed tumor<div>T/F</div>
F - its rare
1394054912666 1384318139939 as Benign Mixed Tumors get bigger how do they ch
ange in shape?<div><br /><div>A-well defined movable masses that become larger,
mobile, well defined masses</div><div><br /></div><div>B-well defined movable ma
sses that become nodular and less mobile masses</div></div><div><br /></div><div
>C-well defined movable masses that become larger, less mobile, well defined mas
ses</div><div><br /></div><div>D-well defined movable masses that become nodular
and mobile masses</div>
B - well defined movable masses that bec
ome nodular and less mobile masses
1394055147334 1384318139939 Benign Mixed Tumors and Tori can look like each
other<div>How did Dr. Richards say we could tell them appart?</div>
Tori are
in the midline and bony hard<div><br /></div><div>benign mixed tumors are not i
n the midline and are not bony hard</div>
ng" /> Linea alba
Morsicatio bucca
rum
ng" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-10 at 8.18.35 AM.png" /><img src="Screen Sho
t 2014-01-10 at 8.18.41 AM.png" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-10 at 8.18.46 AM
.png" />
Traumatic ulcerations
1389370828243 1360692053906 what is the most common cause of ulcers?
trauma
ng" /> Petechie and purpura
ng" /> hematoma
ng" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-10 at 8.33.29 AM 1.png" /> hematoma
ng" /> thermal burns
ng" /> electrical burns
ng" /> Aspirin burn
ng" /> Hydrogen peroxide burn
Antineoplastic t
herapy
Radiation mucosi
tis
ng" /> xerostomia due to radiation therapy
ng" /> chemotherapy mucositis
1389627160828 1360692053906 Rough to shredded white areas in the buccal muco
sa are signs for?
Morsicatio Buccarum
1389627386976 1360692053906 What is the most common cause of focal oral ulce
ration? trauma
1389627433341 1360692053906 biopsy is needed for ulcers that do not heal wit
hin?
2 weeks
1389627517595 1360692053906 where do eosinophilic ulcers occur?
tongue
1389627605268 1360692053906 Xerostomia from radiation therapy increases what
type of caries?
cervical caries
1389894007037 1360692053906 Contrast linea alba and morsicatio buccarum.
Linea alba
Morsicatio<div>Su
rface: Smooth &nbs
p; ragged</div><div>area:
buccal mucosa buccal, lip, &nb
sp;</div><div> &nb
sp;
tongue </div><div>eitology: pres
sure, sucking cheek </div><div> &n
bsp; &nbsp
; &
nbsp; chewing</div><div>
&nb
sp; Psychological</div><div><br

/></div>
1389894581220 1360692053906 What is physical injury to mucosa that does not
break mucosal surface? Traumatic mucositis
1389894613698 1360692053906 Where do eosinophilic ulcers occur?
Over mus
cle (usually tongue)
1389927297419 1360692053906 What is the demographical proclivity of Morsicat
io Buccarum ? Females <div>More prevalent after age 35</div>
1389927502990 1360692053906 If injury is fresh with broken mucosal surface b
ut no significant host response, what is it?
Traumatic laceration
1389927598908 1360692053906 What is chronic traumatic ulcer from repeated tr
auma? Eosinophilic ulcer
1389927623175 1360692053906 Ulceration is common is thermal burns or electri
cal burns?
electrical
1389928082681 1360692053906 What is therapeutic radiation level?
40-70 gy
1389928230711 1360692053906 What are possible head and neck effects of radia
tion therapy? mucositis<div>hemorrhage</div><div>trismus</div><div>dermatitis<
/div><div>xerostomia</div><div>loss of taste</div><div>osteoradionecrosis</div>
1389928272946 1360692053906 patients with xerostomia due to radiation therap
y have increased risk of oral infection with? Candidiasis
1391247526668 1384318139939 name three causes of Irritation Fibroma (Traumat
ic Fibroma)
<div>1) trauma, </div><div>2) mild chronic intermit
tent irritation</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"
> </span>chronic reactive hyperplasia</div><div><br /></div>
1391247824680 1384318139939 what causes Epulis Fissuratum
irritati
on by flange of loose denture over a long period of time
1391248758997 1384318139939 Papillary Hyperplasia has 6 causes (name at leas
t 3)
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>illfitting dentures</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>chronic a
trophic candidiasis</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pr
e"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>20% of
patients who wear dentures 24 hours a day</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span
" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>especially flippers</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e="white-space:pre"> </span>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pr
e"> </span>sometimes seen in patients who do not wear dentures</div><div><span c
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>poor denture hygiene</div><div><br /></div>
1391249829846 1384318139939 what is the cause of Pyogenic Granuloma (th
ere are 5, name 3)
re"> </span>exuberant tissue response to irritation</div><div><span class="Apple
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
"white-space:pre"> </span>minor trauma, then invasion by microorganisms</div><di
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>maybe calculus</div><div><span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-spa
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>pregnancy = pregnancy tumor = if you remove i
t can grow back</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>poor oral
hygiene</div><div><br /></div>
1391250314536 1384318139939 what is the cause of Peripheral Giant Cell Granu
loma (Tumor)
re"> </span>probably trauma or irritation</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span"
ce:pre"> </span>probably arise from periodontal ligament or mucoperiosteum</div>
<div><br /></div>
1391250760402 1384318139939 Peripheral (Ossifying) Fibroma cause
<div>1)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may be irritation</d
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may be odontogenic in origin

</div><div><br /></div>
1391251106234 1384318139939 <div>Epulis Granulomatosa </div><div>Etiolo
gy</div><div><br /></div>
<div>irritation</div><div><span class="Apple-tab
te-space:pre"> </span>calculus</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
span>tooth fragments</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:p
re"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>bony
sequestra in socket</div><div><br /></div>
1391251359818 1384318139939 Lipoma (Liposarcoma) cause
<div>1)<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>possible reaction of fat to
trauma</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>benign neoplasm of
fat</div><div><br /></div>
1391251689136 1384318139939 Neurolemmoma (Schwannoma) cause <div>1)<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>tumor of sheath of Schwann</
ass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>neurites not component of t
umor</div><div><br /></div>
1391252588720 1384318139939 Neurofibroma arrises from what cells
<div>1)
Schwann cells, </div><div><br /></div><div>2) fibroblasts </div><div><
br /></div><div>3) perineural cell</div><div><br /></div>
1391252989142 1384318139939 Traumatic (Amputation) Neuroma occurs often in t
he mouth as a result of what procedure tooth extraction
1391253192270 1384318139939 Hemangioma cause
proliferation of blood v
essels
1391253219063 1384318139939 are Hemangiomas congenital or hereditary
congenital
1391254284685 1384318139939 Lymphangioma cause
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>benign tumor or hamartoma of lymphatic ve
ssels
1391254976825 1384318139939 Granular Cell Tumor originates most likely from
what cells (according to lecture)
c)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Schwann cells (neural origin)***<div>d)<span class="Apple
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>undifferentiated mesenchymal cell</di
v><div><br /></div>
1380855185333 1360692053906 What are causes of left-sided heart failure in o
rder? Ischemic heart disease (e.g. MI)<div>Hypertension</div><div>Valvular dis
ease e.g. aortic stenosis or mitral regurgitation</div><div>Primary myocardial d
isease</div>
1381084254394 1360692053906 What is the order of severity of involvement in
myocardial infarction? left anterior descending coronary artery<div>left circum
flex coronary artery</div><div>right coronary artery</div><div>first-order branc
h of one of the above</div>
1381084324395 1360692053906 what is the most common pattern of ischemic hear
t disease?
chronic ischemic heart disease
1381084664203 1360692053906 what is the most common clinical sign of a conge
nital heart defect?
heart murmur
1381084969485 1360692053906 which category of congenital disease shows cyano
sis from outset? Late? Right-to-left shunts<div>Left-to-right</div>
1381086158493 1360692053906 What are examples of left-to-right shunts?
Ventricular septal defect<div>Atrial septal defect</div><div>Patent Ductus Arter
iosus</div>
1381086212620 1360692053906 What are examples of right-to-left cyanotic shun
ts?
Tetralogy of fallot<div>Transposition of the great vessels</div>
1381086239535 1360692053906 What are examples of obstructive noncyanotic con
genital anomalies?
coarctation of aorta<div>valvular anomalies</div>
1381086267784 1360692053906 What is the most common congenital heart defect?
Ventricular septal defect
1381086325494 1360692053906 which is more severe in coartation of aorta, pre

ductal or postductal? preductal
1381087061280 1360692053906 what is the most common cardiac valve disease in
the US?
Mitral valve prolapse
1381087276061 1360692053906 what is the #1 reason for valve replacement?
mitral valve stenosis
1381087645599 1360692053906 what is the most common cause of acute infective
endocarditis? s. aureus
1382223662556 1360692053906 what are causes of right heart failure in order
of frequency? left sided h.f, valvular diseases, congenital left to right shun
ts, intrinsic lung disease, cardiomyopathy
1382224124754 1360692053906 what are clinical manifestations of left sided c
ongestive heart failure?
dyspnea, orthopnea, paroxysmal noctural dyspnea,
cough, cyanosis
1382224236436 1360692053906 what are effects of left CHF on organs? Lungs: p
ulmonary edema, pneumonia, heart failure cells<div>Others: cerebral hypoxia, red
uced renal perfusion, prerenal azotemia</div>
1382224314764 1360692053906 what are effects of right sided CHF?
nutmeg l
iver<div>cardiac sclerosis</div><div>congestive splenomegaly</div><div>fluid ret
ention</div><div>peripheral edema</div><div>portal hypertension</div><div>conges
tion and hyposiz to kidney and brain</div>
1382224648258 1360692053906 what is the most common type of ischemic heart d
isease? chronic ischemic heart disease
1382224691203 1360692053906 what is the #1 cause of death in US?
Ischemic
heart disease: MI
1382224717544 1360692053906 what is pathogenesis for ischemic heart disease?
severe coronary atherosclerosis
1382224765847 1360692053906 in addition to atherosclerosis, what are causes
of each type of angina pectoris?
typical: increased myocardial demand<div
>prinzmental: vasospasm</div><div>unstable: multiple</div>
1382225041367 1360692053906 what is precipitating factor for MI superimposed
on coronary atherosclerosis? Thrombosis
1382225111260 1360692053906 for which type of MI is thrombosis a precipitati
ng factor 90%? transmural infarct
1382225208898 1360692053906 what is sequence of biochemical and morphologica
l changes in MI?
1-2 min: loss of contractility<div>10 min: 50% depletion
of ATP</div><div>20-40 min: irreversible cell injury</div><div>8-12 hrs: gross
pallor</div><div>end of first week: sharply defined soft yellow lesion has red r
im</div><div>7-10 days: lesion maximally soft and weak</div><div>7th week: lesio
n completely healed by scarring</div>
1382225313910 1360692053906 what complications do MI patients often develop?
Arrhythmias<div>cardiogenic shock</div><div>cardiac tamponade</div><div>stroke</
div><div>gangrene</div><div>organ infarctions</div><div>left congestive heart fa
ilure</div>
1382230621169 1360692053906 what is the mechanism of death in sudden cardiac
death? arrhythmia
1382230673247 1360692053906 what are anatomic criteria for diagnosis of hype
rtensive heart disease? left ventricular hypertrophy<div>absence of other cardia
c changes</div>
1382230880743 1360692053906 what is the most common clinical sign of a conge
nital heart defect?
heart murmur
1382230964434 1360692053906 what is the most common congenital heart defect?
ventricular septal defect
1382231022180 1360692053906 in which congenital heart disease is infective e
ndocarditis rare?
atrial septal defect
1382231121881 1360692053906 what are defective in patent ductus arteriosus?
pulmonary artery<div>aorta</div>
1382231187291 1360692053906 what are components of the tetralogy of fallot?
ventricular septal defect<div>dextraposed aorta that overrides ventricular septa
l defect</div><div>obstruction of right ventricular outflow</div><div>right vent
ricular hypertrophy</div>
1382231239215 1360692053906 in transposition of the great vessels, which ves
sels are reversed?
pulmonary artery and aorta
1382231286794 1360692053906 what is the most common cardiac valve disease in
the US?
mitral valve prolapse
1382231438873 1360692053906 Rheumatic fever follow after infection with?
group A B-hemolytic streptococci
1382231505452 1360692053906 what is the pathonomic lesion of RF?
Aschoff
body
1382231567235 1360692053906 there is increased risk of infective endocarditi
s if what was present? RHD
1382231708976 1360692053906 What is the etiology of IE?
microorganisms<d
iv>in circulating blood</div><div>susceptible host</div>
1382231733737 1360692053906 what are infecting organisms of IE?
50-60%:@
streptococci e..g strep viridans<div>10-20%: S. aureus</div>
1382231782231 1360692053906 what is the most common cuse of acute infective
endocarditis? S. aureus
1382231799937 1360692053906 what are factors that increase risk of IE?
cardiac abnormalities e.g. RHD, CHD<div>prosthetic heart valves</div><div>intrav
enous drug abuse</div>
1382231891338 1360692053906 when is prophylaxis recommended for IE? prosthet
ic cardiac valve<div>previous IE</div><div>CHD</div><div>Cardiac transplatation<
/div>
1382231994441 1360692053906 What are premediations for IE? Amoxicillin 2gm
by mouth one hour prior to dental appointment
1382232261965 1360692053906 rapid accumulation of blood in pericardium leads
to?
cardiac tamponade
1382232332678 1360692053906 what is the most common type of pericarditis?
fibrinous
1382415569284 1360692053906 where is occlusive thrombus most likely to be fo
und?
left anterior descending coronary artery
1382416244899 1360692053906 which chronic heart disease shows myocardial atr
ophy, diffuse fibrosis and lipofuscin deposits? Chronic ischemic heart disease
1382416713622 1360692053906 which form of coartation of aorta has Patent Duc
tus Arteriosus? preductal
1382417756214 1360692053906 what are cardiac conditions associated with high
est risk of adverse outcomes from endocarditis? prosthetic cardiac valve<div>pre
vious IE</div><div>CHD</div><div>cardiac transplatation recepients who develop c
ardiac valvulopathy</div>
1382483939659 1360692053906 what is myocardial inflmmation sufficient to cau
se clinical manifestations?
myocarditis
1382487993291 1360692053906 what is the most prevalent systemic disorder in
the US? hypertension
1382488031051 1360692053906 What are blood pressure classifications?
Normal <120/80<div>Prehyper 120-139/80-89</div><div>Stage1 140-159/90-99</div
><div>Stage2 >160/100 </div>
1382488155533 1360692053906 At what level do you have hypertensive crisis?
180/120
1390968132065 1384318139939 smokeless tobacco habit is usually started betwe
en what years of age <div>-never at what age</div> 9 and 15<div>-after 20</
div>
1390968685553 1384318139939 Actinic (Solar) Keratosis (Actinic Cheilitis) is
found in what age group<div>-rarely found in what age group</div>
middle-a
ged and elderly <div>-(rarely found in patient under 40 years of age)</div>
1390969728511 1384318139939 Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia (PVL) happen
in what age group
older
1390967548184 1384318139939 is more likely to cause alterations in oral tiss
ue (mucosal dysplasia) than chewing tobacco
snuff
1390967648993 1384318139939 use of smokeless tobacco increases the risk of&n
bsp;<div>-it is very important to measure this in terms of what</div><div>-very
important parameter in smokeless tobacco risk</div>

mucosal dysplasia<div>-m
easured in terms of years</div><div>-because, duration of exposure is very impor
tant</div>
1390967998116 1384318139939 <div>a long period of exposure to smokeless toba
cco may be necessary </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace:pre"> </span>to produce malignant transformation </div><div>T/F</div>
T
1390968025613 1384318139939 <div>a short period of exposure to smokeless tob
acco may be necessary </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>to produce malignant transformation </div><div>T/F</div>
F - long period
pace:pre"> </span>to produce malignant transformation (0.4% transformation over
life time of use); when they do become malignant what types of carcinomas are po
ssible?</div><div><br /></div> squamous cell <div>or </div><div>verru
cous carcinoma</div>
1390968344132 1384318139939 can Oral Submucous Fibrosis become malignant?
yes - close follow-up for possible MLG transformation
1390968441206 1384318139939 when is a biopsy required with Nicotine Stomatit
is (Smokers Palate)
if white palate persists after one month, a biop
sy may be necessary
1390968474090 1384318139939 can Nicotine Stomatitis (Smokers Palate) have the
potential of becoming malignant? no
1390969153198 1384318139939 <div>It is assumed that dysplasia progresses to
what condition and the </div><div>time for progression can vary (from a few
months to years)</div><div><br /></div>
carcinoma
1390969178245 1384318139939 type of leukoplakias that seldom become malignan
t without clinical change
Thin
1390969291028 1384318139939 4 Factors that increase cancer risk in dysplasia
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>persistence
over several years</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>female
patient</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3
)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>non-smoker</div><d
iv><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<span class="A
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>occurrence on ventral tongue and
floor of mouth</div><div><br /></div>
1390969656538 1384318139939 <div>Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia (PVL)</
div><div>has the potential to develop into</div><div>what type of carcinomas</di
v>
verrucous carcinoma <div><br /></div><div>or </div><div><br />
</div><div>well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma</div>
1390969896081 1384318139939 <div>Erythroplakia </div><div>majority are
pre-malignant or malignant lesions</div><div>T/F</div> T
1390969933760 1384318139939 <div>Erythroplakia </div><div>a minority ar
e pre-malignant or malignant lesions</div><div>T/F</div>
F<div>majority.
must be excised post haste.</div>
1390970011882 1384318139939 Speckled Leukoplakia <div>has a higher or l
ower degree of malignancy than erythroplakia</div>
higher
1390968813784 1384318139939 Differential diagnosis of actinic keratosis
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>habitual lip
chewing</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>hyperkeratosis du
e to cigars and pipe stems</div><div><br /></div>
1390969132518 1384318139939 keratosis with dysplasia Differential diagnosis
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>keratosis</d
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>squamous cell carcinoma</div
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>lichen planus</div><div><span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>candidosis</div><div><br /></div>

1390969958787 1384318139939 Differential diagnosis of Erythroplakia
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>inflammation
, denture irritation</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:p
re"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>candi
dosis, T.B.</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp
an>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Kaposi s sarco
ma</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>allergic condition</div
><div><br /></div>
1390970044609 1384318139939 Speckled Leukoplakia Differential Diagnosis
inflammatory lesion (these would regress after a couple of weeks if the irritati
on is removed)
1390967487094 1384318139939 what was the % increase in sales of moist snuff
over the past 15 years
77%
1390967522977 1384318139939 <div>one study showed that x % of men and x % of
women are </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>regular users of smokeless tobacco </div><div><br /></div> 6.5<div>
<br /></div><div>0.3</div>
pace:pre"> </span>to produce malignant transformation (what % transformation ove
r life time of use)</div><div><br /></div>
0.4
1390968301499 1384318139939 <div>in Oral Submucous Fibrosis epithelial
dysplasia found in what % of cases and </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-sp
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>carcinoma in what % of cases</div><div><br /
></div> 10 to 18<div><br /></div><div>6</div>
found in what % of all people with significant lifetime sun exposure 50
1390968745470 1384318139939 actinic keratosis can develop into malignancy (w
hat % of patients will develop cancer from one of their actinic keratoses)
13 to 25
1390969058425 1384318139939 epithelial dysplasia is found in what % of all l
eukoplakic lesions.
5 25
1390969113086 1384318139939 what % of verruciform or granular types of dyspl
asias recur
83
1390969202317 1384318139939 Thick leukoplakia undergoes malignant change in
what % of cases 1 to 7
1390969218941 1384318139939 Granular or verruciform undergoes malignant tran
sformation in what % of cases 4 to 15
1390969238045 1384318139939 Erythroleukoplakias undergo malignant transforma
tion in what % of cases 18 to 47
1390969250957 1384318139939 Moderate dysplasia undergoes malignant transform
ation in what % of cases.
4 to 11
1390969266828 1384318139939 Severe dysplasia undergoes malignant transformat
ion in what % of cases
20 to 35
1390969423480 1384318139939 <div>Some studies suggest that what % of all&nbs
p;</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Leukop
lakias are premalignant or malignant </div><div><br /></div>
15
1390969449283 1384318139939 <div>what % </div><div><span class="Apple-t
ab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>of all benign leukoplakias will transfo
rm into malignancies over a period of 5 years.</div><div><br /></div> 5
1390969469483 1384318139939 <div>what % of floor of the mouth Leukoplakias a
re </div><div>epithelial dysplasia, carcinoma-in-situ-, or invasive carcino
ma.</div>
43
1390969497148 1384318139939 what % of tongue Leukoplakias and lip Leukoplaki
as are <div>epithelial dysplasia, carcinoma-in-situ-, or invasive carc
inoma.</div>
24
1390969609458 1384318139939 what % of all Leukoplakias become squamous cell
carcinoma
4
1390969775754 1384318139939 Erythroplakia incidence in adults
1 per 25
00 adults
1390969801145 1384318139939 Erythroplakia incidence in those that are c
arcinoma-in-situ is
1.2 per 100,000
1390969849194 1384318139939 what % of erythroplakias show epithelial dysplas
ias, carcinoma-in situ (CIS) or squamous cell carcinoma 60-90
1390967472832 1384318139939 Four types of smokeless tobacco <div>1)<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>chewing tobacco</div><div><s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>moist snuff</div><div><span class="App
le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e="white-space:pre"> </span>dry snuff</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" sty
le="white-space:pre"> </span>4) <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:
pre"> </span>SNUS</div><div><br /></div>
1390968851448 1384318139939 list Pre-Malignant Lesions
1.<span class="A
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Keratosis with Dysplasia (dyskera
totic leukoplakia, carcinoma-in-situ) <div>2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia (PVL)</div><d
iv>3.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Erythroplakia&
nbsp;</div><div>4.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>S
peckled Leukoplakia </div>
1390968916495 1384318139939 Keratosis with Dysplasia has 5 terms that all re
fer to keratosis with dysplasia<div>give me the names</div>
<div>1)<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>precancerous lesion</div><di
v><br /></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>precancerous cond
ition</div><div><br /></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>mal
ignant transformation potential</div><div><br /></div><div><span class="Apple-ta
ite-space:pre"> </span>dysplasia</div><div><br /></div><div><span class="Apple-t
hite-space:pre"> </span>carcinoma-in-situ</div><div><br /></div>
1390967567888 1384318139939 in addition to white patches there may also be a
lterations of taste, increased periodontal disease, and dental abrasion with wha
t substance
SMOKELESS TOBACCO
1390967602288 1384318139939 how many years does it get to get color changes
with smokeless tobacco 1 to 5
1390967877582 1384318139939 <div>tissue may appear wrinkled or granular (som
etimes fissured) and </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace:pre"> </span>may also have a pumice-like pattern </div><div>with what
condition</div> Smokeless Tobacco Lesions (Spit Tobacco)
1390967906879 1384318139939 are smokeless tobacco lessions painfull or painl
ess?<div>symptomatic or asymptomatic</div>
-painless<div><br /></div><div>asymptomatic</div>
1390967971038 1384318139939 early smoking tobaco lesions may resemble leukop
lakia or leukoedema
leukoedema
le="white-space:pre"> </span>seen mainly in India and Southeast Asia</div><div><
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>possible inability to open mouth (tri
smus)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>mucosal rigidity due
to fibroelastic modification of superficial connective tissue</div><div><span c
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>burning sensation of oral mucosa</div><div>
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>tissue is blotchy with areas of leuk
oplakia</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>6

)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>tongue may become
devoid of papillae</div><div><br /></div>
Oral Submucous Fibrosis
le="white-space:pre"> </span>affects hard and soft palate</div><div><span class=
style="white-space:pre"> </span>nodular keratotic areas with red depression in t
he center </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>representing ducts of minor salivary gland</div><div><span class="Apple-t
hite-space:pre"> </span>usually not seen under removable prosthesis</div><div><s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>palate may be white and appear as "dri
ed mud"</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>5
)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>staining of teeth<
/div><div><br /></div> Nicotine Stomatitis (Smokers Palate)
1390968570690 1384318139939 <div><div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="
white-space:pre"> </span>occurs almost exclusively in whites</div><div><span cla
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>middle-aged and elderly </div><div><span
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>found in people with significant lifetime
sun exposure</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>white, smoot
h and diffuse</div></div><div>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:
pre"> </span>appear as scaly plaques</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e"> </span>may produce a keratin horn arising from the center of the lesion</div><
div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>7)<span class="
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may have sharp defined borders (
average lesion is 7mm in size)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
span>may get scaly or fissured</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>10)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> <
/span>may have areas of hyperpigmentation</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>11)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>actinic cheilosis appears as slow-developing painful areas that
may become thickened or scaly</div><div><br /></div> Actinic (Solar) Keratosi
s (Actinic Cheilitis)
1390969312709 1384318139939 <div>Smoking related leukoplakia with no or mini
mal dysplasia will disappear in </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" sty
le="white-space:pre"> </span>about how long</div><div><br /></div>
three mo
nths
1390969337947 1384318139939 arrange these in order of progression:<div><br /
></div><div>-dysplasia</div><div>-hyperkeratosis</div><div>-Normal</div><div>-In
vasive Carcinoma Tissue </div><div>-Carcinoma-in-situ</div>
Normal--->hyperkeratosis---->dysplasia---->Carcinoma-in-situ---->Invasive C
arcinoma Tissue
le="white-space:pre"> </span>4:1 female to male ratio</div><div><span class="App
e="white-space:pre"> </span>may have multiple areas</div><div><span class="Apple
"white-space:pre"> </span>clinically may appear as white papillary or warty</div><
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually occurs in older patients
</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>5)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>areas tend to spread</div

="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may have minimal association t
o tobacco use</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>7)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>buccal mucos
a often common area</div><div><br /></div>
Proliferative Verrucous Leukopla
kia (PVL)
le="white-space:pre"> </span>once called "Erythroplasia of Queyrat"</div><div><s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>red patch, may be velvety with tiny ar
eas of ulceration</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"
> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>most com
monly found in floor of mouth, tongue, soft palate <span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>and retromolar area</div><div><span class="Apple
"white-space:pre"> </span>must distinguish from inflammation</div><div><span cla
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>seen less frequently than leukoplakia </
ass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>age: usually 50 to 70 years
</div><div><br /></div> Erythroplakia
1390969985930 1384318139939 Clinical features - similar to erythroplakia, ex
cept have granular or nodular white plaques on surface Speckled Leukoplakia&nbs
p;
1390968173065 1384318139939 when do you do biopsy with a smokeless tobacco l
ession if lesion does not resolve after cessation of the habit
found in what race
whites = craka-ass crakas!!!
1390969706522 1384318139939 Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia (PVL) is mor
e common in women or men
chicks
1390967804146 1384318139939 the pH of smokeless tobacco may be an important
factor<div>T/F</div>
T
1390967834868 1384318139939 the pH of smokeless tobacco is not an important
factor<div>T/F</div>
F
1390968234788 1384318139939 <div>tiology</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-sp
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>chronic placement of betel quid (some users use it up to 16-2
4 </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>h
ours a day</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </spa
n>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Betel quid or p
aan is made up of area nut, slaked lime, tobacco sweeteners, wrapped in a betel
leaf</div><div><br /></div>
1390968257340 1384318139939 cause of Oral Submucous Fibrosis chronic
placement of betel quid
1390968409235 1384318139939 <div>Etiology</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-s
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>mainly pipe, but some cigar smoking</div><div><span class="A
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" st
yle="white-space:pre"> </span>related to intensity of smoking</div><div><span cl
ass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-sp
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>"reverse smoking</div><div><br /></div>
Nicotine Stomatitis
-space:pre"> </span>prolonged exposure to solar or ultraviolet light causing acc
elerated tissue degeneration</div><div><br /></div>
Actinic (Solar) Keratosi
s (Actinic Cheilitis)
1390968218956 1384318139939 Define - Chronic, progressive, scarring precance
rous condition of <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>o
ral mucosa.
1390968539418 1384318139939 Define - a premalignant lesion caused by too muc
h ultraviolet radiation to skin or lip. Actinic (Solar) Keratosis (Actin
ic Cheilitis)
1390968559609 1384318139939 is a premalignant lesion of lower lip caused by
prolonged sun exposure. Actinic cheilosis or cheilitis
1390969080518 1384318139939 in keratosis with dysplasia, If the entire thick
ness of the epithelium is involved, it is referred to as
carcinoma-in-sit
u.
1390969623410 1384318139939 Define: diffuse white and/or papillary areas of
oralmucosa with varying degrees of epithelial hyperplasia.
Prolifer
ative Verrucous Leukoplakia (PVL)
1390969749538 1384318139939 <div>Define: clinical term that refers to a red
patch that is clinically or </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="
white-space:pre"> </span>pathologically can not be diagnosed as any other condit
ion. </div><div><br /></div>
Erythroplakia
1390967846518 1384318139939 lesions develop in area where the tobacco is pla
ced (usually these lessions are located where) mucobuccal fold of the mandible
1390969534843 1384318139939 <div>which area of the mouth has more risk of de
veloping </div><div>epithelial dysplasia, carcinoma-in-situ-, or invasive c
arcinoma?</div><div>-which area is the second most common</div> floor of mouth =
43%<div>-tongue = 24%</div>
1390883864285 1384318139939 leukoedema appears to be more prominent in black
s ( by what %) 70-90
1390883987436 1384318139939 <div>leukoedema is apparent in dark-skinned Cauc
asians (milder presentation in caucasians [by what %])</div><div><br /></div>
10-45
1390884538238 1384318139939 Linea Alba<div>is seen in what % of all patients
in one study</div>
5 to 13
1390884801288 1384318139939 Squamous Papilloma is a common oral lesion (enco
mpasses what % of all oral lesions submitted for biopsy)
3%
1390886046998 1384318139939 in some populations, up to x % of children affec
ted with Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia (Heck s disease) can be seen<div><br /></d
iv><div>(children ages 3 to 18 and middle-aged adults)</div>
38%
1390886728031 1384318139939 what % of Keratoacanthomas occur on lip&nbs
p;
8%
1390887549270 1384318139939 leukoplakia is seen in what % of all adult cauca
sians 3%
1390887579281 1384318139939 leukoplakia is seen in what % of males older tha
n 70 years
8%
1390887602343 1384318139939 dysplasia is found in what % of all biopsy sampl
es of leukoplakia
5 to 25%
1390887624312 1384318139939 <div>a certain percentage of leukoplakia c
ases may undergo malignant </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="w
hite-space:pre"> </span>transformation (range from what to what %...with an aver
age of what %). </div>
1% to as high as 17%, average 5.4%
1390887675305 1384318139939 Average increases of malignant transformation in
patients with leukoplakia is what % if the patient is a smoker 16%
1390887729757 1384318139939 what % of all patients with leukoplakia are smok
ers
80%
1390887960180 1384318139939 what % of oral leukoplakias become squamous
cell carcinomas
5 to 16%
e:pre"> </span>Uses fluorescence to identify clinically occult lesions. VELscope
1394386517186 1390161073008 what does occult mean? what would you use to fin
d a lesion?
Hidden<div>Use VELscope</div>
1394386540373 1390161073008 can you use VELscope to diagnose disease
2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Will not diagnose
disease, will only identify potentially abnormal tissue.
1394386564719 1390161073008 what is VELscope not helpful for identifyin
g
white lesions, but we can see those
1394386595651 1390161073008 VELscope will detect what type of lesions?
<ol><li>inflammatory</li><li>vascular</li><li>atypical epithelial lesions</li></
ol>
1394386623727 1390161073008 VELscope Examination Technique <div>1)<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Set up scope and place prote
ctive goggles on patient.</div><div><br /></div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-sp
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Look through the viewing area of the scope a
s you examine the oral soft tissues.</div><div><br /></div><div>3)<span class="A
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Normal healthy tissue will reflec
t the fluorescent light.</div><div><br /></div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-spa
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Abnormal tissue will not reflect the light an
d will appear as a dark area.</div><div><br /></div><div>5)<span class="Apple-ta
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>You can take clinical photographs throug
h the scope to document any lesions found on exam.</div><div><br /></div><div><i
</div><div>example of what?</div>
VELscope
1394386758047 1390161073008 Scientific review of published VELscope data use
d in general dentistry: <div><ol><li>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span><b>All </b>published studies were of <b>patients seen in ref
erral clinics</b> for management of<b> oral path lesions.</b></li><ol><li><b>Not
representative of general dentistry patient populations </b></li><li>Some
studies only represented follow-up on patients with known history of oral cancer
</li></ol></ol></div><div><br /></div>
1394386847835 1390161073008 VELscope Conclusions of scientific review:
a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Shows potential b
enefit of VELscope during follow-up of ?
<div>previously diagnosed high r
isk patients to check for new lesions</div>
1394386936038 1390161073008 VELscope Conclusions of scientific review: what
is the long term evidence
b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>No long-term evidence that VELscope saves lives.
1394386956797 1390161073008 VELscope Conclusions of scientific review: does
it have false positives, false negatives?
many false positives, over diagn
ose oral cancer
1394386999786 1390161073008 VELscope Conclusions of scientific review:
No evidence that device can distinguish between oral cancer and __
aphthous
ulcers, lichen planus and pemphigoid, to name a few
1394387031934 1390161073008 T/F. Despite the disadvantages of the scientific
evidence the easy level of clinical skill needed to operate VELscope justifies
the routine use of the VELscope in a general dental practice
False.<div><br /
></div><div>Currently, <b>neither</b> the <b>scientific evidence nor the level o
f clinical skill justifies</b> the routine use of the VELscope in a general dent
al practice</div>
1394387134826 1390161073008 <img src="paste-5458903433700.jpg" /><div>VELsco
pe is so much easier to see oral cancer that most dentists should use it despite
the cost? T/F</div>
False. <div><br /></div><div>Adoption of the VELsco
pe as a routine cancer-screening device in general practice at this time may be
<b>premature</b>.</div>
1394387218718 1390161073008 T/F. VELscope may be useful of value in a clinic
that is specialized in the management of oral cancer? TRUE<div><br /></div><di
v>Probably not good to use in a general practice at this time</div>
1391037625890 1390161073008 <div>What is the occlusal clearance for a canine
after lingual axial reduction?</div> 1mm<div><br /></div><div><img src="paste
-2843268350206.jpg" /></div>
1391037803642 1390161073008 <div>What is important about the grooves? (2)</d
iv><img src="paste-3242700308732.jpg" />
<div>- Grooves must draw togethe
r </div><div>- Facial cavosurface angles 90 or obtuse <i>(ie no less than 90)
</i></div>
1391037869315 1390161073008 <div><div>What is the distance from the cavosurf
ace to the axial wall of the pin groove?</div></div><img src="paste-337154932761

3.jpg" />
1.75mm<br />
1391037983218 1390161073008 <div>Where is the truss placed?</div> <div>On
the lingual. Facial wall leans to facial. Pulpal wall is flat.</div><img src="pa
ste-3801046057204.jpg" />
1391038038709 1390161073008 <div><div>Facial of truss and lingual of groove
must _____ toward the occlusal</div></div>
diverge from each other<div><br
/></div><div><img src="paste-3839700762864.jpg" /></div>
1391038112616 1390161073008 <div>What is this picture saying?</div><div><img
src="paste-3874060501242.jpg" /></div> Truss parallels the slope of the cusp
1391038156226 1390161073008 <div><div>What can you say about the facial inci
sal bevel? (2)</div></div><img src="paste-3908420239615.jpg" /> <div>- Facial be
vel 0.5 mm wide</div><div>- Perpendicular to long axis of tooth</div>
1391038208689 1390161073008 <div>Pinhole diameter?</div><div>- Depth?</div><
img src="paste-4050154160378.jpg" />
Diameter: 3/4 mm<div>Depth: 2 mm</div>
1391038356771 1390161073008 When drilling the pinhole, how do you align the
drill? Parallel with the grooves<div><img src="paste-4840428143013.jpg" /></div
>
1391038435937 1390161073008 What do you use to get an impression of the pinh
ole?
You use an impression pin<div><img src="paste-5089536246001.jpg" /></div
>
1391038480328 1390161073008 What is special about the pinhole as it is trans
ferred to the final cast pin? <div>It gets smaller in diameter in the process
to make it fit more easily in the casting</div><img src="paste-5252745003420.jpg
" />
1391035988282 1390161073008 Anterior Partial Coverage Cast Restorations achi
eve disclusion of posterior teeth by anterior ____ castings
pin retained<div
><br /></div><div><img src="paste-1249835483523.jpg" /></div>
1391036102484 1390161073008 The picture shows a fixed dental prostheses reta
iners for WHAT teeth?<img src="paste-1352914698628.jpg" />
#8 and #10
1391036181337 1390161073008 What are the restorations called used in this pi
cture?<div><img src="paste-1400159338912.jpg" /></div> Metal Ceramic FDP with g
old collar margins
1391036332665 1390161073008 When are "Metal Ceramic FDP with gold collar mar
gins" an option for a patient? - When the patient agrees to the fact that gold
will be showing on the margins.<div><i>(In some cases the smile line is low enou
gh that the margins will never be visible anyway)</i></div><div><i>Like in Dr. G
olden s case:</i></div><div><i><img src="paste-1988569858352.jpg" /></i></div>
1391036424945 1390161073008 Which tooth has the highest retainer failure rat
e?<div>- Which one the lowest?</div>
Highest: Maxillary Canine <i><font color
="#999999">(makes sense, canine guidance puts a lot of force on the fake canine)
</font></i><div>Lowest: Mandibular Lateral</div>
1391037529769 1390161073008 Which tooth is used as the abutment most frequen
tly?<div>- Which one the least?</div> Most used abutment tooth: Maxillary Cani
ne<div>Least used abutment tooth: 3rd Maxillary Molar</div><div><br /></div><div
><img src="paste-2697239462340.jpg" /></div>
1391626911634 1374198547816 Associated condition in minority number of cases
of Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor)
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-sp
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Behet syndrome</div><div>2)<span class="Apple
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Crohns disease</div><div>3)<span class
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Celiac disease</div><div>4)<sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Deficiencies in folic
acid, vitamin B12, iron</div><div><br /></div>
1391627381705 1374198547816 name four presipitating factors of Aphthous Stom
atitis (Aphthous Minor)<div>-which one is the most important</div>
<div>1)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Trauma </div><d
iv>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Endocrine cond
itions </div><div><b>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"
> </span>Psychic factors - stress</b></div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>Allergic factors </div><div><br /></div>
1391663993795 1384318139939 Two typical forms of congenital syphilis

<div>Generalized syphilis of the prenatal to neonatal period </div><div><br
/></div><div><br /></div><div>Late congenital syphilis</div><div><br /></div>
1391665065445 1384318139939 <div>Actinomycosis </div><div>3 forms</div>
<div>(which form involves 2/3 of all cases)</div><div><br /></div><div>(which fo
rm can have a high mortality rate)</div>
<div>a)<span class="Apple-tab-sp
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Cervico-facial form (2/3 of all cases)</div>
<div>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Abdominal fo
rm - can have high mortality rate</div><div>c)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style
="white-space:pre"> </span>Pulmonary form - can have high mortality rate</div><d
iv><br /></div>
1391665450928 1384318139939 two types of chronic candida infections Median R
homboid Glossitis<div><br /></div><div>Angular Cheilitis (Perleche)</div>
1391661517833 1384318139939 chancre Primary stage
1391661536548 1384318139939 lession may appear on lips, tip of tongue, tonsi
ls, gingiva
Primary stage
1391661607926 1384318139939 painless, hard, brownish-red, round to oval nodu
le that is ulcerated over nearly its entire surface; ulcer base is shiny and app
ears smooth, "clear-looking"
mature chancre = primary
1391662183037 1384318139939 may get generalized erythematous rash (maculopap
ular eruption) on trunk and limbs, less on face (can be mild) Secondary stage
1391662219090 1384318139939 may start with mild fever, hoarseness and dyspha
gia
Secondary stage
1391662231292 1384318139939 tonsils inflamed and swollen; reddening of soft
palate, Secondary stage
1391662241976 1384318139939 may have wart-like growth on genital area, calle
d condyloma lata
Secondary stage
1391662351862 1384318139939 multiple, painless, grayish-white plaques on ulc
erated surface<div>name the lessions</div><div>-what stage of dz is this in</div
>
mucous patches <div>-secondary</div>
1391662575468 1384318139939 noninfectious Tertiary
1391662590765 1384318139939 many manifestations - CNS, skin, CVS, skeleton,
joints Tertiary
1391662606205 1384318139939 painless granulomas may form which become necrot
ic - gumma (chief lesion) (sharp, punched-out ulcers) 2 to 10 mm in size
Tertiary
1391662623827 1384318139939 may get prolonged smoldering inflammation of an
organ or part Tertiary
1391662653544 1384318139939 lesions can simulate tuberculosis, sarcoidosis,
leprosy and mycotic granulomas Tertiary
1391662664012 1384318139939 oral lessions may be seen on palate or tongue may cause perforation of palate Tertiary
1391662681000 1384318139939 may see chronic inflammation of tongue (syphilit
ic glossitis), Tertiary
1390883670811 1384318139939 type of epithelium that is particularly vulnerab
le to the development of premalignancy and malignancy. Non-keratinized thin
1390883733903 1384318139939 <div>Clinical features:</div><div><br /></div><d
iv>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>common, painle
ss and persistent</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pr
e"> </span>considered a normal variation (not a neoplasm)</div><div>4)<span clas
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>bilateral buccal mucosa shows
a diffuse filmy milky opalescence</div><div>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e="white-space:pre"> </span>mucosa may appear somewhat folded, or wrinkled</div>
<div>*6)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>white appea
rance disappears when tissue is stretched </div> Leukoedema
1390883809686 1384318139939 Leukoedema is more prominent in what race
blacks
le="white-space:pre"> </span>white line along buccal mucosa in region of occlusa
l plane</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2

)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may be quite promi
nent in some individuals</div><div><br /></div> Linea Alba
-space:pre"> </span>exophytic, cauliflower-like soft lesion</div><div>3)<span clas
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually a few mm in diameter
(0.5 cm) but up to 1.5 cm</div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>pedunculated (NARROW STALK) or less commonly sessile (BROAD S
TALK)</div><div>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>u
sually found on tongue, lips, buccal mucosa, gingiva and palate (palate and uvul
a account for 1/3 of lesions)</div><div>6)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>seen at any age (usually YOUNG adults)</div><div>7)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may be white or pink (dep
ends on amount of hyperkeratosis)</div><div><br /></div>
Squamous Papillo
ma
le="white-space:pre"> </span>common, painless and persistent</div><div><span cla
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>wart-like with sessile base</div><div><span c
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>has finger-like projection</div><div><span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may be white or normal in color</div><div>
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>seen in children and young adults</d
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>oral lesions often seem on v
ermillion border, labial mucosa </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" sty
le="white-space:pre"> </span>and anterior tongue</div><div><br /></div> Verrucou
s Vulgaris
1390885716434 1384318139939 what is the difference clinically btwn Cond
yloma Acuminatum (Venereal Wart) and SCC
LOOKS EXACTLY LIKE SQUAMOUS CELL
PAPILOMA = ONLY DIFFERENCE IS THAT VENERAL WARTS HAVE MULTIPLE LESSIONS
le="white-space:pre"> </span>sexually transmissible (VERY CONNTAGIOUS) and autoi
noculable viral disease (STD)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
pan>may occur one to three months after contact</div><div><span class="Apple-tab
te-space:pre"> </span>soft papillary nodules that proliferate rapidly in size</d
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>most common in anogenital sk
in (can occur in mouth)</div><div><div> 6)<span class="Apple-tab-spa
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>in anogenital areas barrier methods are effec
tive to prevent sexual transmission</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style
"> </span>in anogenital areas, those infected with HPV 16 and HPV 18 are associa
ted with an increase in squamous carcinoma</div></div><div><br /></div> Condylom
a Acuminatum (Venereal Wart)
1390885888387 1384318139939 <div>oral lessions:</div><div><span class="Apple
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
"white-space:pre"> </span>multiple, papillary masses involving tongue, buccal <s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>mucosa, palate, gingi
va</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>b)<spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>white or pink</div><div
><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>c)<span class="App
le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>broad-based, exophytic</div><div><s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>d)<span class="Apple-
tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>up to 2 cm in diameter </div><div

><br /></div> Condyloma Acuminatum (Venereal Wart)
1390885926280 1384318139939 are Condyloma Acuminatum (Venereal Wart) lession
s larger or smaller than Squamous papillomas
up to 2 cm in diameter (larger t
han squamous papillomas)
1390886116454 1384318139939 painless and persistent<div><div>occurs as flatt
ened multiple nodular lesions usually on lower lip, but also seen on buccal
mucosa, commissures, upper lip and tongue (MULTIPLE NODULES THAT PT HAS HAD MOS
T OF HIS LIFE)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> <
/span></div><div>6)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
lesions usually 1 to 5 mm in diameter </div><div>7)<span class="Apple-tab-s
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>same color as adjacent mucosa</div><div>8)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may undergo spontane
ous regression after 4 to 6 months or years (may return)</div></div><div>-treatm
ent</div>
Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia (Heck s disease) <div>-none</d
iv>
le="white-space:pre"> </span>characterized by lipid-laden histiocytes beneath ep
ithelium</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>uncommon, painles
s and persistent</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually s
olitary lesion up to 1.5 cm in diameter</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" s
:pre"> </span>sessile or pedunculated base</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span
ace:pre"> </span>normal or reddish in color or may be hyperkeratotic</div><div><
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>rough or pebbly surface</div><div><sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>7)<span class="Apple-t
ab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually found in patients over 40 years
of age (1:2, M/F ratio)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span>8)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>m
ay be found on lower alveolar ridge, palate, floor of mouth, lip, </div><di
v><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>genitalia</div><d
iv><br /></div> Verruciform Xanthoma
le="white-space:pre"> </span>self-limiting benign lesion that clinically resembl
es squamous <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>cell ca
rcinoma</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2
)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>rarely found in pa
tients under 45 years of age</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp
an>usually on sun exposed skin</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
span>8% occur on lip (rarely occurs intraorally)</div><div><span class="Apple-ta
ite-space:pre"> </span>usually elevated crater-form lesion with depressed centra
l plug</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>6)
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may be solitary or
multiple</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
7)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may be painful</d
iv><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>*<span clas
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>8)<span class="Apple-tab-span
" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually grows to full size in 4 to 8 weeks, st
ays static for 4 to 8 weeks and then undergoes spontaneous regression </div
>
Keratoacanthoma
1390886697484 1384318139939 Keratoacanthoma growth phases <div>a)<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>growth</div><div>b)<span cla

ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>stationary</div><div>c)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>involution</div><div><br
/></div>
le="white-space:pre"> </span>rare, painless and persistent</div><div><span class
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>autosomal dominant transmitted condition (due t
o defect of normal keratinization)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
"white-space:pre"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"
> </span>mucosa appears thickened and corrugated with sponge texture</div><div><
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>has white opalescent hue</div><div><s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>5)<span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually involves buccal mucosa, palate
, gingiva, floor of mouth </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>and tongue (more prominent on buccal mucosa)</div><div><s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>6)<span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually bilateral</div><div><span clas
" style="white-space:pre"> </span>age: childhood onset (may be present at birth
or develop early in childhood or adolescence, typically before puberty</div><div
le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>often mistaken for leukoplakia</div
>
White Sponge Nevus
1390886974258 1384318139939 how do you differentiate between White Sponge Ne
vus and leukoplakia
LEUKOPLAKIA IS SEEN MOSTLY IN OLD PEOPLE
1390887155630 1384318139939 Leukoplakia is often divided into four clinical
types: <div>-which of these is the most common</div>
<div><span class
style="white-space:pre"> </span>frictional (focal) keratosis</div><div><span cl
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span><b>smoking related leukoplakia</b> (MOST ARE
THESE)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3
)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>smokeless tobacco
keratosis </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>idiopathic
leukoplakia</div><div><br /></div>
1390887208682 1384318139939 Why is Leukoplakia white?
THICKER THE SKIN
IS THE LESS YOU SEE OF THE UNDERLYING RICH-RED BLOOD TISSUE
le="white-space:pre"> </span>considered a premalignant lesion</div><div><span cl
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>considerable variation</div><div><span class
style="white-space:pre"> </span>more common in older age group and men (5th, 6t
h and 7th </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>decades)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3% of all
adult caucasians; 8% of males older than 70 years</div><div><span class="Apple-t
hite-space:pre"> </span>may vary from small localized area to large diffuse lesi
on - <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may be multifo
cal</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>6)<sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may vary from non-palp
able faintly white areas to elevated leathery areas</div><div><span class="Apple
"white-space:pre"> </span>most common sites are buccal mucosa and mandibular alv
eolar </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp

an>mucosa. (Tongue, lip, hard and soft palate, floor of mouth and retromol
ar area are also affected)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace:pre"> </span>8)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span
>dysplasia is found in 5 to 25% of all biopsy samples of leukoplakia</div><div><
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>a certain percentage of cases may und
ergo malignant </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:p
re"> </span>transformation (range from 1% to as high as 17%, average 5.4%). Aver
age increases to 16% of patient is a smoker</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-spa
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>10)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>80% of all patients are smokers</div><div><br /></div>
leukoplakia
1390887751604 1384318139939 Clinical types of leukoplakia <div>1)<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>mild or thin leukoplakia</di
v><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>homogenous
or thick leukoplakia</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>granular or nodular leukoplakia</div><div>4)<span class="Apple-ta
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>verrucous or verruciform leukoplakia</di
v><div>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>proliferat
ive verrucous leukoplakia (PVL)</div><div><br /></div>
1390887787458 1384318139939 Leukoplakia may become dysplastic, invasive, wit
hout any change in clinical appearance<div>T/F</div>
T
1390887821167 1384318139939 Leukoplakia cannot become dysplastic, or invasiv
e, unless there is a change in clinical appearance<div>T/F</div> F
1390887846857 1384318139939 leukoplakia type that show patches of redness in
termixed with leukoplakia erythroleukoplakia or speckled leukoplakia
1390887875363 1384318139939 <div>Chronic low-grade long term irritation (tra
uma) which also produces a </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="w
hite-space:pre"> </span>white lesion should be diagnosed as ------ and is not a
premalignant lesion</div><div><br /></div>
Frictional Keratosis
1391389717841 1374198547816 why do implants fail? (3)
1) through initi
al non-integration to bone<div>2) lack of proper maintenance</div><div>3) public
/attourneys blame practitioners</div>
1391389903480 1374198547816 what are the 4 kinds of implant complications?
1) biologic-implant & tissue interaction failure<div><br /></div><div>2) tec
hnical-implant material failure</div><div><br /></div><div>3) esthetic-expectati
ons too high</div><div><br /></div><div>4) surgical-practitioner errors</div>
1391390058081 1374198547816 name two surgical complications from implant pla
cement and two ways to avoid them
complications:<div>1) neurosensory distu
rbance (parasthesia)</div><div>2) damage to adjacent teeth</div><div>avoided:</d
iv><div>1) careful Tx planning</div><div>2) Accurate 3 dimensional radiographs/C
T scans</div>
1391390293367 1374198547816 Why is implant success hard to determine?
because it is highly subjective. To expect success we must have adequate i
nformed consent, thorough diagnosis, evaluation, Tx planning and communication b
etween patient and all treating physicians and lab tech.
1391391047368 1374198547816 when placing implants in esthetic zone you want
3 things:
1) elaborate pre-surgical planning<div>2) precise surgical techn
ique</div><div>3) soft tissue management (both surgical and preventional)</div>
1391391127116 1374198547816 The top 5 most common technical complications of
implants with dentures (J. Prosth dentistry 90:121,2003)
1) loosening of
of overdenture screw 33%<div>2) resin venner fracture w/ FPD 22%</div><div>3) ov
erdentures needing relines 19%</div><div>4) overdenture clip factures 16%</div><
div>5) implant fracture 1.5%</div>
1391391728058 1374198547816 Surgical complications (6)
1) peri-implant
bleeding<div>2) injury to nerves</div><div>3) damage to adjacent teeth</div><div
>4) iatrogenic jaw fracture</div><div>5) hematoma/bruising</div><div>6) infectio
n</div>
1391394553963 1374198547816 can injury to nerves be temporary, permanent or
both? Both
1391394601771 1374198547816 a loose-fitting connection between abutment and
implant may result in (2)
inflammatory proliferation<div>fistula</div>
1391395237446 1374198547816 at what level of bone loss should you consider i
mpant removal? bone loss to the apical 1/2 of the implant
1391395310445 1374198547816 what is the cause of "early" (before restoration
) implant loss? (2)
infection<div>lack of osseointegration</div>
1391395378650 1374198547816 what is the cause of "late" (after restoration)
implant loss? infection<div>implant overload</div>
1391395429868 1374198547816 what are the causes of implant fracture? (2)
1) design of materials<div>2) biomechanical overload, e.g. bruxism</div>
1390773283910 2094571718
<img src="paste-1163936137522.jpg" /><div>Lesion
do not rub off</div><div>gentle stretching of the mucosa causes the white appea
rance to deminish</div> Leukoedema
1390773477845 2094571718
<img src="paste-1352914698710.jpg" /><br /><div>
dz?</div><div>what is going on histologically?</div>
Leukoedema<div><br /></d
iv><div>acanthosis, parakeratosis, intracellular edema</div>
1390773533769 2094571718
<img src="paste-5587752452908.jpg" /><div>Cheek
is stretched in second image</div>
Leukoedema
1390773582590 2094571718
rc="paste-5686536700222.jpg" /></div><div>Compair the 2 images. What are they? (
2 different dz)</div> First: Linea Alba<div>Second: Morsicatio Buccarum (chron
ic cheek chewing)</div>
1390773780277 2094571718
<img src="paste-5815385719104.jpg" /><div>Dz?</d
iv><div>Histologically what is going on?</div> Linea Alba<div><br /></div><div>
hyperorthokeratosis, intracellular edema</div>
1390774650026 2094571718
<img src="paste-1520418423200.jpg" /> squamous
papilloma
1390774668026 2094571718
papilloma
1390774681394 2094571718
papilloma
1390774698994 2094571718
<img src="paste-1619202671010.jpg" /><div>dz?</d
iv><div>Histology?</div>
<ol><li><b>squamous papilloma</b></li><li>long t
hin finger-like projections of squamous epithelium containing a thin CT core.</l
i><li>may show hyperkeratosis</li></ol><div><div><br /></div></div>
1390774984516 2094571718
<img src="paste-1868310774174.jpg" /> Verruca
vulgaris
1390775023226 2094571718
<img src="paste-1902670512530.jpg" /> verruca
vulgaris
1390775033808 2094571718
iv><div>Histology?</div><div>(Image B is zoomed in on image A)</div>
Verruca
vulgaris<div><br /></div><div><ol><li>pointed projections of surface epithelium<
/li><li>thickened keratin</li><li>viral inclusion (in upper spinous layer)</li><
li>inflammation in CT</li></ol></div>
1390775226144 2094571718
<img src="paste-1979979923854.jpg" /> Verruca
vulgaris<div><br /></div><div>exophytic, white, papillary lesion of lateral soft
palate</div>
1390775262195 2094571718
<img src="paste-2160368550290.jpg" /><div>(up to
2cm in diameter)</div><div>sessile base (broad)</div> Condyloma acuminatum<div
>(venereal wart)</div><div><br /></div><div>they are larger than squamous papill
omas</div>
1390775591597 2094571718
Condyloma acuminatum<div><ol><li>sessile base</l
i><li>acanthotic</li></ol></div>
1390775747492 2094571718
<img src="paste-2383706849704.jpg" /> Focal ep
ithelial hyperplasia <div>(Heck s Disease)</div>
1390775909469 2094571718
<img src="paste-2418066588054.jpg" /> focal ep
ithelial hyperplasia<div>(Hecks s Disease)</div>
1390775935361 2094571718
rc="paste-2465311228318.jpg" /></div><div>Dz?</div><div>Histology?</div><div>wha
t are the arrows pointing at?</div>
Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia (Hecks s Dz
)<div><ol><li>acanthosis</li><li><b>mitosoid cells </b>(in squamous epithel
ium) (Arrows)</li><li>virus-like pantical can be seen in cytoplasm and nuclei</l
i></ol></div>
1390776082195 2094571718
<img src="paste-2611340116388.jpg" /> Verrucif
orm xanthoma
1390776309197 2094571718
<img src="paste-2645699854760.jpg" /> verrucif
orm xanthoma<div><ol><li>A lesion of the ventral tongue exhibits a biphasic appe
arance. </li><li>The anterior aspect demonstrates elongated white (well-ker
atinized) projections <b>(large arrow).</b> </li><li>The posterior aspect d
emonstrates a surface of yellow, blunted projections <b>(small arrow).</b></li><
/ol></div><div><br /></div>
1390776382888 2094571718
iv><div>Histology?</div><div>(Image B is enlarged of A) What is in image B?</div
>
Verruciform xanthoma<div><ol><li>verrucous hyper<b>para</b>keratotic sur
face with elongated rete ridges</li><li>B: Large swollen <b>"foam" cells </b>(hi
stocytes and xanthoma cells) in CT papillae between epithelial pegs</li></ol></d
iv>
1390776541058 2094571718
<img src="paste-2920577761688.jpg" /><div>notice
the center of the lesion....</div>
Keratoacanthoma<div><br /></div><div><ol
><li>elevated crater form lesion with depressed central plug</li><li>clinically
resembles squamous cell carcinoma</li></ol></div>
1390776684279 2094571718
<img src="paste-3049426780584.jpg" /><div>notice
the central part of lesion</div>
Keratoacanthoma<div><br /></div><div><ol
><li>elevated crater form lesion with depressed central plug</li><li>clinically
resembles squamous cell carcinoma</li></ol></div>
1390776714715 2094571718
<img src="paste-3083786519750.jpg" /><div>A: ini
tial</div><div>B: 1 week later</div><div>C: 3 weeks later</div> Keratoacanthoma<
div><br /></div><div><ol><li>elevated crater form lesion with depressed central
plug</li><li>clinically resembles squamous cell carcinoma</li></ol></div>
1390776760366 2094571718
Keratoacanthoma<div><ol><li>abnormal keratin pro
duction</li><li>epithelium involves CT (looks like invasive SCC, but benign)</li
><li>Not a lot of mitosis</li></ol></div>
1390776841980 2094571718
<img src="paste-3307124818340.jpg" /> White sp
onge Nevus
1390776919116 2094571718
White sponge nevus<div><ol><li>epithelium acanth
osis and hyperparakeratosis</li><li>surface intracellular edema</li><li>parakera
tin plugs may run deep into spinous layer</li><li>lots of spongiousus</li></ol><
/div>
1390777002226 2094571718
White sponge nevus<div><ol><li>This high-power p
hotomicrograph shows vacuolation of the cytoplasm of the cells of the <b>spinous
layer,</b> with no evidence of epithelial atypia. Perinuclear condensation of k
eratin tonofilaments can also be observed in some cells.</li></ol></div>
1390777110740 2094571718
<img src="paste-3624952398476.jpg" /><div>clinic
al term?</div><div><br /></div><div>There is a rough, hyperkeratotic change to t
he posterior mandibular alveolar ridge, because this area is now edentulous and
becomes traumatized from mastication. </div>
Frictional (focal) hyper
keratosis Leukoplakia
1390777398769 2094571718
al term?</div><div>Pt has a history of smoking</div>
smoking related leukopla
kia
1390777487503 2094571718
<img src="paste-3990024618428.jpg" /><div>what i
s going on in these 2 pictures? (same pt. image B is 2 weeks after tx)</div>
chewing tobacco puch keratosis (most common cause of leukoplakia)
1390777753596 2094571718
<img src="paste-4110283702930.jpg" /><div>
somewhat leathery, white, fissured plaque of the posterior mandibular vestibule.
What caused this?</div>

chewing tobacco pouch keratosis<div><br /></div>
<div>most common cause of leukoplakia</div>
1390777813803 2094571718
<img src="paste-4153233375646.jpg" /> smokeles
s tobacco gingival recession<div><br /></div><div>can lead to smokeless tobacco
keratosis leukoplakia</div>
1390777887294 2094571718
<img src="paste-4273492459930.jpg" /><div>this p
t typically does not like "traditional" medicine and recently tried a new toothp
aste and mouthwash.</div><div>what is that?</div>
Sanguinaria-associated k
eratosis (leukoplakia)<div><br /></div><div>sanguinaria is a herbal extract foun
d in toothpastes and mouthwashes and cand caouse this type of leukoplakia</div>
1390778068909 2094571718
<img src="paste-4393751544634.jpg" /><div>Image
B is after antifungal therapy</div><div>what is image A?</div> candidal leukopl
akia
1390778151291 2094571718
<img src="paste-4556960301456.jpg" /><div>this w
ill not wipe off, what clinical term would you use?</div>
leukoplakia
1390778224829 2094571718
this will not wipe off, what clinical term would you use?</div> leukoplakia
1390778252085 2094571718
<img src="paste-4711579124126.jpg" /><div>won t
wipe off, clinical term?</div> leukoplakia
1390778339291 2094571718
al term?</div><div>histology?</div>
leukoplakia with hyperorthokeratosis<div
><ol><li>acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, hyperparakeratosis</li><li>possibly mild in
flammation</li></ol></div>
1390778414621 2094571718
<img src="paste-4784593568166.jpg" /><div>type o
f leukoplakia</div>
mild or thin leukoplakia
1390778469307 2094571718
type of leukoplakia</div>
homogenous or thick leukoplakia<div><ol><li>A di
ffuse, corrugated white patch on the right ventral surface of the tongue and flo
or of mouth.</li></ol></div>
1390778547536 2094571718
type of leukoplakia</div>
Homogeneous or thick leukoplakia. <div><ol>
<li>Extensive buccal mucosa lesion with an uneven whiteness and fissures. Modera
te epithelial dysplasia was noted on histopathologic evaluation, and squamous ce
ll carcinoma later developed in this area.</li></ol></div>
1390778572725 2094571718
f leukoplakia</div>
Granular leukoplakia. <div><ol><li>Focal leukoplaki
c lesion with a rough, granular surface on the posterior lateral border of the t
ongue. Biopsy of the lesion revealed an early invasive squamous cell carcinoma.<
/li></ol></div>
1390778607935 2094571718
f leukoplakia</div>
Granular leukoplakia. <div><ol><li>Irregular white
patch in the floor of the mouth of a heavy smoker. Early invasive squamous cell
carcinoma was found on biopsy.</li></ol></div>
1390778634888 2094571718
f leukoplakia</div>
Verruciform leukoplakia. <div><ol><li>Exophytic pap
illary lesion of the anterior maxillary alveolar ridge. Biopsy revealed a well-d
ifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma</li></ol></div>
1390778660775 2094571718
f leukoplakia</div>
Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL). <div><ol
><li>A, Large, diffuse, and corrugated white lesions of the buccal mucosa and to
ngue. </li><li>B, Same patient showing the extensive thickened and fissured
alteration of the tongue.</li></ol></div>
1390778692946 2094571718
f leukoplakia</div>
Erythroleukoplakia. <div><ol><li>Mixed red-and-whit
e lesion of the lateral border of the tongue. Biopsy revealed carcinoma in situ.
</li></ol></div>
1390778743514 2094571718
<img src="paste-5153960755614.jpg" /><div>extens
ive recession of anterior mandiublar facial gingiva. What is the probably cause?
</div> Smokeless Tobacco (spit tobacco)
1390778876792 2094571718
</div><div><div>A soft, fissured, gray-white lesion of the lower labial mucosa.&

nbsp;</div><div>The gingival melanosis is racial pigmentation and not associated
with the keratosis.</div></div><div>What is this?</div><div><br /></div>
Smokeless tobacco pouch keratosis, mild
1390778945722 2094571718
</div><div>A somewhat leathery, white, fissured plaque of the posterior mandibul
ar vestibule,</div><div>Likely cause?</div>
smokeless tobacco pouch keratosi
s, severe
1393257536545 1374768212495 Exposure to <b>growth hormone</b> <b>before</b>
closure of epiphyseal plates? Gigantism
1393257946504 1374768212495 Exposure to growth hormone <b>after</b> closure
of epiphyseal plates? Acromegaly
1393257970542 1374768212495 Number 1 etiology for gigantism/acromegaly?
Pituitary adenoma
1393257996806 1374768212495 Diastema, mandibular prognathism, anterior open
bite are manifestations related to which dz?
Gigantism/acromegaly
1393258115293 1374768212495 Name of the mutated locus related to fibrous dys
plasia? GNAS on chromosome 20
1393258574701 1374768212495 <b>ill-defined </b>radiopacity with <b>light sti
ppling</b> (<b>Ground glass/orange peel), </b> and loss of <b>lamina d
ura/narrow PDL </b>characteristic of which dz? Fibrous dysplasia
1393259021238 1374768212495 Single bone fibrous dysplasia is called what? Ho
w common?
Monostotic (most common)
1393259047965 1374768212495 Polyostotic FD + cafe au lait=
Jaffe sy
ndrome
1393259075390 1374768212495 Polyostotic FD + cafe au lait + endocrinopathies
(premature puberty)=
McCune- Albright syndrome
1393259106179 1374768212495 Polyostotic FD + intramuscular myxomas =
Mazabraud syndrome
1393259129123 1374768212495 What happens if you try to treat fibrous dysplas
ia before puberty?
Rapid growth/disfigurement
1393259269645 1374768212495 <b>Well-defined</b> unilocular radiolucency
/pacity, root resorption/displacement of teeth, and common in <b>females</b>&nbs
p;are features of which dz?
Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma
1393259663424 1374768212495 Focal COD, Periapical COD, and Florid COD fall i
nto which category?
Osseous/Cementoosseous Dysplasias
1393261395824 1374768212495 Multiple adenomatous <b>polyps </b>of colon and
rectum, <b>multiple osteomas, </b>multiple <b>odontomas</b>, <b>supernumerary te
eth/impactions</b> describe which syndrome? How is it treated?
Gardner
Syndrome; Prophylectic colectomy
1393261586314 1374768212495 Lesion <b>larger</b> than 2 cm and aspririn
has <b>no effect</b> in relieving pain in which dz?
Osteoblastoma
1393261681858 1374768212495 Lesion <b>smaller</b> than 2 cm and as
pririn <b>relieves</b> pain in which dz? Osteoid osteoma
1393261703752 1374768212495 What is the #1 way to diagnose a vascular lesion
in the jaw?
Aspirate
1393261943353 1374768212495 Bruit sounds, firm blushing over area, and aspir
ation of fresh blood present in which lesions? Central Vascular Lesions ( Heman
gioma/ Arterio-venous malformation)
1393262253219 1374768212495 <b>Moth-eaten </b>pattern, <b>sun-ray appearance
</b>, resorption of roots (<b>spiky roots)</b>, <b>symmetric PDL widening</b>, a
nd <b>painful</b> are characteristic of which dz? Osteogenic Sarcoma
1393262541821 1374768212495 <b>Widening of PDL</b>, <b>root resorption (spik
y)</b>, <b>sun-ray</b> pattern, and significant <b>swelling and loosening</
b> of teeth are present in which lesion? Chrondrogenic sarcoma
1393263306866 1374768212495 Translocations (11,22) and (21,22) are present i
n which dz?
Ewing s Sarcoma
1393263396430 1374768212495 What are the two translocations present in Ewing
s Sarcoma?
(t: 11;22), t: 21;22)
1393263421095 1374768212495 <b>Periosteal proliferation</b>, <b>glycogen </b
>in the cytoplasm and <b>mottled, </b>ill-defined <b>multilocular </b>RL are pre
sent in which dz?
Ewing s Sarcoma
1393263538068 1374768212495 What are the three primary tumors that create ra
diopacities in the jaw when they metastisize? 1. Breast<div>2. Prostate</div><
div>3. Thyroid</div>
1393263707529 1374768212495 What are the three types of langerhans cell dz?
1. Eosinophilic granuloma<div>2. Hand-Shculler-Christian</div><div>3. Letterer-S
iwe</div><div><br /></div><div>(Arranged by age predilection from old to young)<
/div>
1393264130152 1374768212495 Bone lesions + exophthalmos + Diabetes insipidus
=
Hand-Schuller-Christian
1393264323062 1374768212495 <b>Tooth hanging in air phenomenon, </b> <b
>punched out</b> radiolucenicies in the jaw/skull, <b>histiocyte/eosinophil</b>&
nbsp;infiltration present in which dz? Langerhans Cell Dz
1393264420976 1374768212495 Cutaneous<b> V-shaped rash</b>, visceral-organ i
nvolvement, bone marrow involvement are present in which dz?
Letterer-Siwe ty
pe of Langerhans Cell Dz<img src="tn_Untitled-77.jpg" />
1393265247724 1374768212495 Monoclonal proliferation of <b>plasma cells</b>&
nbsp;involving incomplete light chains of <b>Bence Jones </b>protein, multiple w
ell-defined <b>punched out RL</b>, primary <b>amyloidosis</b> in <b>men 70+
</b>years old are characteristics of which dz? Multiple Myeloma
1389049486561 1381262663025 Possible persistence of the lateral sulci on the
embryonic mandibular arch<div>will lead to what condition</div>
Paramedi
an Lip Pits (Congenital Lip Pits)
1389049531156 1381262663025 most Paramedian Lip Pits (Congenital Lip Pits) a
re associated with what developmental anomalies cleft lip and/or cleft palate
1389052254281 1381262663025 acquired Micrognathia is often due to what type
of problem
TMJ disturbance
1389052462674 1381262663025 name four possible Hemihyperplasia etiologies
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Vascular or
lymphatic abnormalities</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>Neurogenic abnormalities</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-spa
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Hormonal (endocrine) abnormalities</div><div>
4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Chromosomal abnor
malities</div><div><br /></div>
1389053401217 1381262663025 you must consider these two other diseases as di
fferentials to Hemihyperplasia. name them
fibrous dysplasia <div>or&n
bsp;</div><div>neurofibromatosis</div>
1389053526537 1381262663025 possible causes of Progressive Hemifacial A
trophy (Romberg Syndrome) (there are 5 name three)
<div>1) Malfunction of n
ervous system</div><div>2) Trauma</div><div>3) Infection (Viral or Borrelia)</di
v><div>4) Hereditary</div><div>5) Form of scleroderma</div><div><br /></div>
1389053991391 1381262663025 <div>developmental oral disturbance that May be
due to vascular malformation (such as hemangioma, </div><div>lymphangioma)&
nbsp;</div><div><br /></div>
macroglossia
1389054041117 1381262663025 types of macroglossia 1) congenital/hereditary
<div>2) acquired</div>
1389054086618 1381262663025 causes of congenital/hereditary macroglossia
1) vascular malformation<div>2) hemihypertrophy</div><div>3) downs syndrome</div
><div>4) neurofibromatosis</div>
1389054171083 1381262663025 name 4 causes of acquired macroglossia <div>1)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Edentulous patients<
/div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Myxedem
a</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Acrom
egaly</div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>A
ngioedema</div><div><br /></div>
1389054867183 1381262663025 Hereditary etiology appears to play a significan
t role in fissured tongue<div>T/F</div> T
1389054912413 1381262663025 Hereditary etiology does not play a significant
role in fissured tongue<div>T/F</div> F
1389054927321 1381262663025 Fissured tongue may be associated with some extr

insic factors such as...(name one)
chronic trauma
1389065947432 1381262663025 Name 4 possible etiologies of Benign Migratory G
lossitis (Erythema Migrans, Geographic Tongue)
1) psychosomatic (emotio
nal)<div>2) hypersensitivity</div><div>3) chronic irritation</div><div>4) oral c
ontraceptives</div>
1389066451385 1381262663025 Mention 3 etiologies of Hairy Tongue (there
are 5) <div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Anti
biotic therapy </div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>Poor oral hygiene </div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>Oxidizing mouthwashes or antacids </div><div
>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Overgrowth of mi
croorganisms (fungal and bacterial) </div><div>e.<span class="Apple-tab-spa
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>General debilitation </div><div><br /></
div>
1389067103938 1381262663025 Lingual Varices are not related to cardiovascula
r disease<div>T/F</div> T
1389067558918 1381262663025 Lingual Varices are related to cardiovascular di
sease<div>T/F</div>
F
1389067566857 1381262663025 Cause of Lingual Thyroid Nodule failure of norma
l development migration of thyroid gland
1389050860826 1381262663025 oral anomaly present in about 80% of the populat
ion
Fordyce Granules
1389053957674 1381262663025 which is more common? microglossia or macrogloss
ia?
macroglossia
1389054206932 1381262663025 macroglossia most comonly occur in children or a
dults children
1394583334899 1394583268674 Physiologic Pigmentation
<div><b>Attached
gingiva</b> <font color="#808080">but may be seen in other areas</font></div>
1394583361110 1394583268674 Addison Disease <div><div><b>Oral</b>:</div><div
><b>Attached gingiva</b><font color="#808080"> (bronzing of the gingiva), but ma
y also occur on other oral sites.</font></div></div><div style="color: rgb(128,
128, 128); "><font color="#808080"><br /></font></div><div>Skin:</div><font colo
r="#808080">Skin and mucous membranes and particularly occurs in</font> <b>skin
folds</b>, <b>over joints</b> <font color="#808080">and</font> <b>areas of incre
ased trauma or friction</b>
1394583495099 1394583268674 Amalgam Tattoo <b>Gingiva</b>, <b>buccal mucosa
</b> and <b>floor of mouth</b>
1394583519609 1394583268674 Lead Intoxication (Plumbism)
Lead line in <b>
gingiva</b><font color="#808080"> and other areas </font>
1394583546226 1394583268674 Pigmentation Associated with Drug Minocycline St
aining <b>Alveolus</b>, <b>palate</b>, <b>vestibule</b>
1394583578581 1394583268674 Smokers Melanosis
<b>Mandibular anterior g
ingiva</b>, <b>buccal mucosa</b> and <b>palate</b>
1394583614404 1394583268674 Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome <div>Oral: </div><d
iv><b>Buccal mucosa</b>, <b>gingivae</b> <font color="#808080">and</font> <b>pal
ate</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Skin:</div><div><font color="#808080">Hands a
nd around the </font><b>mouth (lips, </b>nose)</div>
1394584357710 1394583268674 Oral Melanotic Macule <b>Vermilion border</b>
<font color="#808080">and</font><b> gingiva</b>
1394584416530 1394583268674 Acquired Melanocytic Nevus
<div><b>Palate</
b>, <font color="#808080">but may also be seen on </font><font color="#333333">g
ingiva, buccal mucosa and lips</font></div>
1394584465496 1394583268674 Malignant Melanoma
80% <b>maxillary ridge m
ucosa</b> and <b>palate</b>
1389845334583 2094571718
<img src="paste-635655160162.jpg" />
Ectoderm
al dysplasia
1389845375245 2094571718
<img src="paste-700079669761.jpg" />
White sp
onge nevus (cannon s disease)
1389845410760 2094571718
<img src="paste-927712936136.jpg" /><div><img sr
c="paste-940597838068.jpg" /></div>
Peutz-Jagher s syndrome
1389845686864 2094571718
<img src="paste-983547511284.jpg" />
lichen p
lanus
1389845704030 2094571718
<img src="paste-1009317315065.jpg" /> Lichen P
lanus
1389845716794 2094571718
<img src="paste-1035087118787.jpg" /> Pemphigu
s vulgaris
1389845742645 2094571718
<img src="paste-1060856922582.jpg" /> pemphigu
s vulgaris
1389845755802 2094571718
<img src="paste-1189705941675.jpg" /> Benign M
ucous Membrane Pemphigoid (Cicatricaial Pemphigoid)
1389845824337 2094571718
<img src="paste-1258425418350.jpg" /> Bullous
Pemphigoid
1389845840836 2094571718
Multiforme
1389845854965 2094571718
<img src="paste-1309965025768.jpg" /> StevensJohnson Syndrome<div>(Erythema Multiforme Major)</div>
1389845893477 2094571718
<img src="paste-1430224110128.jpg" /> Toxic Ep
idermal Necrosis (TEN)<div>(most severe syndrome of Erythema Multiforme)</d
iv>
1389845946979 2094571718
<img src="paste-1550483194180.jpg" /> Systemic
Lupus Erythematousus
1389845969448 2094571718
rc="paste-1597727834282.jpg" /></div> Chronic Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus<di
v>(Discoid Lupus Erythematosus)</div>
1389846012907 2094571718
<img src="paste-1623497638597.jpg" /> Psoriasi
s
1389846030028 2094571718
<img src="paste-1743756722824.jpg" /> Epidermo
lysis Bullosa
1389846048244 2094571718
<img src="paste-1778116461289.jpg" /> Sclerode
rma (Systemic sclerosis)
1389846078311 2094571718
<img src="paste-1803886264520.jpg" /><div>what i
s going on?</div><div>what is the disease?</div>
Diffuse widening of PDL<
div>Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis)</div>
1389846122755 2094571718
<img src="paste-1924145348899.jpg" /><div>presen
tation?</div><div>disease?</div>
face is mask like<div>Scleroderma (syste
mic sclerosis)</div>
1389846156382 2094571718
<img src="paste-2001454760643.jpg" /> Darier s
Disease<div>(Keratosis Follicularis)</div>
1389846199446 2094571718
rc="paste-2091649073424.jpg" /></div> Warty Dyskeratoma
1391627576252 1374198547816 treatment of choice for Aphthous Stomatitis (Aph
thous Minor),
corticosteroids
1391628025905 1374198547816 anesthetic you give people who cant eat from an
apthous stomatitis minor lesion xylocaine
1391647703125 1384318139939 <div>treatment for herpes infection</div>
any drug that ends with "vir"<div><br /></div><div>like "acyclovir"</div>
1391656830510 1384318139939 Herpangina, Aphthous Pharyngitis treatment
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>None - selflimiting</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </spa
n>Usually build up immunity</div><div><br /></div>
1391665267862 1384318139939 apthous lessions are treated with what med types
steroids
1393876362887 1390161073008 Which salivary gland cancer has the best prognos
is?
Polymorphous Low-Grade Adenocarcinoma
1393876511067 1390161073008 <div>Clinical Features</div><div>1) Occurs in ad
ults ranging from 44 to 78 years (<b>mean 59 years</b>).</div><div>2) <b>65% occ
ur in the palate</b> (hard or soft palate). The upper lip and buccal mucosa
are next most common sites. -> Occurs<b> only in minor salivary glands<
/b> </div><div>3) Present as a <b>painless slow-growing mass</b>.</div>
Polymorphous Low-Grade Adenocarcinoma

1393876571636 1390161073008 <div>1) These are indolent tumors. They are inva
sive and locally persistent. Metastasis occurs in less than 10% of cases.</
div><div>2) Excision with (generous) border of normal tissue is best treatment.<
/div> Polymorphous Low-Grade Adenocarcinoma
1390883388369 1384318139939 Hard palate
keratinized
1390883446644 1384318139939 Gingiva keratinized
1390883455527 1384318139939 Alveolar mucosa keratinized
1390883471021 1384318139939 Dorsal tongue keratinized
1390883479483 1384318139939 Buccal mucosa non-keratinized
1390883488028 1384318139939 Buccal vestibule
non-keratinized
1390883496680 1384318139939 Labial mucosa non-keratinized
1390883505763 1384318139939 Labial vestibule
non-keratinized
1390883513816 1384318139939 Floor of mouth
non-keratinized
1390883527970 1384318139939 Soft palate
non-keratinized
1390883537323 1384318139939 Gingival sulcus non-keratinized
1390883548797 1384318139939 LIP
non-keratinized
e:pre"> </span>Oral Diseases Strongly Associated with HIV Infection, to be able
to discuss (name all 5) <div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:p
re"> </span>Candidiasis</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>Oral hairy leukoplakia</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>Kaposi sarcoma</div><div>d.<span class="Apple-t
ab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma</div><div>e.<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Periodontal diseases</div
><div><br /></div>
1391283282864 1384318139939 <div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>Periodontal diseases Diseases Strongly Associated with
HIV Infection, to be able to discuss:</div><div><br /></div>
<div>1)<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Linear gingival erythema</di
v><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Necrotizin
g ulcerative gingivitis</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis</div><div><br /></div>
1391283311790 1384318139939 <div>C.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>Trends in Oral Lesions Since Introduction of HAART</div><div
>1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Decreasing incid
ence of what diseases</div>
1) oral hairy leukoplakia, <div><br /></div
><div>2) Kaposi sarcoma </div><div><br /></div><div>3) necrotizing ulcerati
ve periodontitis.</div>
1391283387113 1384318139939 <div>Trends in Oral Lesions Since Introduction o
f HAART</div><div>Increasing incidence of what diseases</div><div><br /></div>
salivary gland disease <div><br /></div><div>and </div><div><br /></di
v><div>oral warts.</div>
1391283417597 1384318139939 D.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Factors Contributing to Oral Lesions in HIV Disease and AIDS
<div>1) CD4</div><div>2) HIV viral load </div><div>3) Xerostomia</div><div>
4) Poor oral hygiene</div><div>5) Smoking</div><div><br /></div>
1391284471278 1384318139939 Common Predisposing Factors for Simple Oral Cand
idiasis <div>1) Immature immune system </div><div>2) Recent antibiotic ther
apy</div><div>3) Dentures </div><div>4) Smoking </div><div>5) Poor ora
l hygiene </div><div>6) Debilitating systemic disease </div><div><br /
></div>
e:pre"> </span>Oral lesions caused by HPV are not uncommon in the general popula
tion. Most commonly these are:
<div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e="white-space:pre"> </span>Verruca vulgaris</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Squamous papilloma</div><div><br /></div>
1391290729701 1384318139939 AIDS defining conditions mentioned two fucking q
uarters ago
<div>Kaposi Sarcoma, </div><div>PCP, </div><div>Herpes
,</div><div>MAC, </div><div>CMV, </div><div>Toxoplasmosis</div><div>Cr
yptococcus,</div><div><br /></div><div><img src="paste-99364068392961.jpg" /></d

iv>
e:pre"> </span>Oral Herpes Family Infections seen in Persons with HIV Diseases
<div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Herpes Simpl
ex Types I & II</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:
pre"> </span>Herpes Zoster</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>Cytomegalovirus rare</div><div><br /></div>
1394811335860 1374768212495 dz with craniosynostosis (2)
1) crouzon syndr
ome<div>2) apert syndrome </div>
1394811412847 1374768212495 can put shoulders together + supernumerary teeth
+ multiple impacted teeth
cleidocranial dysplasia
1394811767377 1374768212495 dz caused by mutation of Fibroblast growth facto
r receptor 2 (FGFR2)
1) crouzon<div>2) Apert</div>
1394812834171 1374768212495 short head
brachycephaly
1394812863964 1374768212495 boat shaped head
scaphocephaly
1394812873579 1374768212495 triangle shaped head
trigonocephaly
1394812958463 1374768212495 kleeblatt-schadel deformity has what clinical ch
aracteristic<div>-dz association</div> cloverleaf<div>-crouzon</div><div>
apert</div>
1394813001703 1374768212495 <div>Manifestations</div><div>a. Cranial malform
ations</div><div>b. Proptosis</div><div>c. Hypertelorism (widely-spaced eyes)</d
iv><div>d. Hearing deficit</div><div>e. Midface hypoplasia with crowding of maxi
llary teeth</div><div>f. Normal mentality</div> crouzon
1394813062265 1374768212495 dz associated with new mutations of paternal ori
gin. Fathers tend to be older apert syndrome
1394813137942 1374768212495 tower skull<div>-dz</div>
acrobrachiocepha
ly<div>-apert syndrome</div>
1394813223032 1374768212495 <div>Manifestations</div><div>a. Short stature</
div><div>b. Cranial malformations</div><div>c. Flattened occiput</div><div>d. Ta
ll forehead</div><div>e. Proptosis</div><div>f. Hypertelorism</div><div>g. Downw
ard-slanting lateral palpebral fissures</div><div>h. Possible vision loss</div><
div>i. Skull films show digital markings (beaten metal pattern)</div><div>j. Mid
face hypoplasia</div><div>k. Relative mandibular prognathism</div><div>l. Limb m
alformations</div>
apert
1394813271768 1374768212495 <div>Which of these characteristics are shared b
y both crouzons and aperts:</div><div><br /></div><div>a. Short stature</div><di
v>b. Cranial malformations</div><div>c. Flattened occiput</div><div>d. Tall fore
head</div><div>e. Proptosis</div><div>f. Hypertelorism</div><div>g. Downward-sla
nting lateral palpebral fissures</div><div>h. Possible vision loss</div><div>i.
Skull films show digital markings (beaten metal pattern)</div><div>j. Midface hy
poplasia</div><div>m. Oral manifestations</div> <div>e. Proptosis</div><div>f. H
ypertelorism</div><div>i. Skull films show digital markings (beaten metal patter
n)</div><div>j. Midface hypoplasia</div><div>k. Relative mandibular prognathism<
/div><div>l. Limb malformations</div><div><br /></div>
1394813464397 1374768212495 define syndactily<div>-dz</div> fusion of the 2,
3,4 digit (your flipoff finger to your pinky)<div>-apert</div>
1394813557829 1374768212495 which of these dz affects intelect? crouzons, an
d apert<div>-both</div><div>-cruzons but not apert</div><div>-apert but not cruz
on</div><div>-neither</div>
apert but not cruzons
1394813625798 1374768212495 Radiographs may show synostosis of phalanges
apert syndrome
1394813659144 1374768212495 <div>Oral manifestations</div><div>1) Trapezoid
lips</div><div>2) Open mouth and mouth breathing</div><div>3) Cleft soft palate
or bifid uvula 25%</div><div>4) V-shape maxillary arch</div><div>5) Crowding of
teeth</div><div>6) Class III malocclusion</div><div>7) Anterior open bite</div><
div>8) Posterior crossbite</div><div>9) Shovel incisors</div><div>10) Possible c
left soft palate</div><div>11) Gingival thickening with possible delayed eruptio
n</div><div>dz?</div> apert syndrome
1394813736094 1374768212495 syndrome of head and neck dz in which the clinic
al severity of the condition gets worse through each new generation

mandibul
ofacial dysostosis
1394817781973 1374768212495 depressed cheeks<div>downward slanting eyes</div
><div>deformed ears</div><div>underdeveloped mandible</div><div><br /></div>
mandibulofacial dysostosis
1394817953643 1374768212495 hypoplastic zygoma<div>coloboma</div><div>mispla
ced pinna</div><div>coronoid and condylar hypoplasia</div><div>with antegonial n
otching</div> mandibulofacial dysostosis
1394818025315 1374768212495 which of these dz are the most common:<div>-crou
zon</div><div>-apert</div><div>-mandibulofacial dysostosis</div><div>-cleidocran
ial dysplasia</div>
mandibulofacial dysostosis
1394818178965 1374768212495 syndrome of the head and neck affecting membrano
us bone and odontogenesis
1394818217032 1374768212495 clavicles abscent <div>supernumerary teeth<
/div><div>multiple impacted teeth</div> cleidocranial dysplasia
1394818276070 1374768212495 micrognathia<div>glossoptosis</div><div>cleft pa
late</div><div>dz?</div><div>-what problems do these people have</div> pierre r
obin syndrome<div>-respiratory and feeding problems</div>
1394818336088 1374768212495 glossoptosis definition/ cause<div>-strongly ass
ociated with what dz?</div>
tongue up and back due to lack of tongue muscles
<div>-pierre robin syndrome </div>
1394818394871 1374768212495 simian crease<div>space btwn toes</div><div>mass
ive tongues</div><div>short root teeth</div><div>peg laterals</div><div>dz</div>
<div>-problem where</div>
down syndrome<div>-trisomy 21</div>
1394818519298 1374768212495 give me 5 major orofacial findings of down syndr
ome...she might just ask a multiple multiple on this
1) flat face<div>2) macr
oglossia</div><div>3) short roots</div><div>4) peg lateral</div><div>5) high arc
hed palate</div>
1394818640022 1374768212495 what 2 head and neck syndrome diseases can be au
tosomal recessive
1) hereditary ectodermal dysplasia<div>2) papillon lefev
re syndrome</div>
1394818699268 1374768212495 <div>2. Fine, sparse hair and eyebrows</div><div
>3. Hyperpigmentation around eye</div><div>4. Heat intolerance occurs due to dec
reased sweat glands</div><div>5. Some xerostomia</div><div>6. Reduced number of
teeth with abnormal shapes (usually conical) (may have complete anodontia)</div>
<div>dz?</div> hereditary ectodermal dysplasia
1394818743468 1374768212495 multiple little papules on the skin and mouth.<d
iv>you see them on the face and arround the mouth, nose and ears</div><div>pt al
so has warty growths on dorsal hands</div><div>dz?</div>
multiple hamarto
ma syndrome
1394818829159 1374768212495 head and neck syndrome characterized by cutanous
neuromas, xanthomas and lipomas multiple hamartoma syndrome
1394818874363 1374768212495 head and neck syndrome characterized by acral ke
ratosis multiple hamartoma syndrome
1394818912573 1374768212495 multiple little papules and thick skin on soles
and palms of hands<div>dz?</div><div>-why is this dz important to diagnose?</div
>
multiple hamartoma syndrome<div>-high risk of malignancy</div>
1394818975574 1374768212495 whych head and neck syndrome has a high risk of
malignancy?<div>-which sites are at increased risk?</div>
multiple hamarot
ma syndrome<div>-thyroid</div><div> breast</div><div> GI</div><div>&nb
sp;genitourinary</div>
1394819041906 1374768212495 dz characterized by periodontitis during the fir
st 3 years of life
papillon lefevre syndrome
1394819133563 1374768212495 dz due to loss of funciton of cathepsin C gene
1394819152944 1374768212495 dz characterized by palmar-planter keratosis w c
rust cracks and fissures<div>and loss of deciduous and permanent teeth</div>
paillon lefevre syndrome
1394819222344 1374768212495 head and neck syndrome characterized by teeth ap
earing to float on air radiographically papillon lefevre syndrome
1394819254536 1374768212495 head and neck syndrome characterized by actinoba

cillus actinomycetemcomitans activity papillon lefevre syndrome
1394819295289 1374768212495 dz characterized by extensive hemorrhagic gingiv
itis, tooth mobility and keratosis in a 2 year old
papillon-lefevre syndrom
e
1394819361535 1374768212495 combination antibiotic tx for papillon lefevre s
yndrome amoxicillin and metronidazole
1394209833111 1374768212495 Melanin deposits in the oral mucosa causing brow
n or black changes in people with a lot of skin pigmentation describes what?
Physiologic pigmentation
1394210250376 1374768212495 <b>Number</b> of melanocytes is normal and
<b>production</b> of melanin is increased in what condition?
Physiolo
gic pigmentation
1394210363359 1374768212495 Chronic <b>deficiency of cortisol </b>caused by
destruction of <b>adrenal cortex, </b>stimulates pituitary <b>ACTH</b> and
increases levels of <b>MSH</b> describes which dz? Addison Dz
1394210529266 1374768212495 Weakness and fatigue, hypotension, vomiting and
diarrhea along with <b>increased melanin production</b> on skin and mucous
membranes describes which dz? Addison dz
1394210576722 1374768212495 What is the most common cause of acquired intrao
ral pigmentations?
Amalgam tattoos
1394210712181 1374768212495 <b>Slate-grey </b>or <b>bluish</b> grey pig
mentations caused by iotrogenic laceration on the mucosa describes which conditi
on?
Amalgam tatoo
1394211131019 1374768212495 Small black pigmentation caused showing <b>no in
flammation</b> describes which lesion?
Graphite tattoo
1394211265752 1374768212495 <b>Visible line</b> on gingiva, excess<b> s
alivation, metallic taste</b> are oral manifestations of which condition?
Lead intoxication (plumbism)
1394212347766 1374768212495 What is the drug used to treat <b>acne</b>
that causes localized <b>blue, brown, black</b> pigmentations in the <b>al
veolar, palate, vestibular </b>areas and sometimes in the <b>roots of teeth?</b>
Minocycline
1394212794247 1374768212495 Increased production of melanin as a <b>protecti
ve host response, </b> occurs more frequently in women taking <b>birth cont
rol, </b>and <b>not </b>pre-malignant describes which condition?
Smoker s
melanosis
1394212970032 1374768212495 Small <b>freckle-like</b> skin pigmentation
s, intraoral mucosa pigmentations, and <b>intestinal polyps</b> characteriz
es which syndrome?
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
1394213043677 1374768212495 The oral equivalent of <b>ephilides</b> but
do <b>not</b> change in pigment level or size descrbies which condition?
Oral melanotic macule
1394213206035 1374768212495 What are the three types of acquired melanocytic
nevus? 1. Junctional nevus<div>2. Intradermal (intramucosal) nevus</div><div>3.
Compound nevus</div>
1394213377740 1374768212495 Present for <b>long time, </b>commonly on the <b
>palate</b>, <b>flat or elevated</b> describes which lesion?
Acquired
melanocytic nevus
1394213449059 1374768212495 Cells located at the<b> jxn of epithelium</b> wi
th connective tissue and are <b>flat/highly pigmented</b> describes which t
ype of nevus? Junctional nevus
1394213491150 1374768212495 Cells <b>only</b> in connective tissue and tend
to be <b>elevated/less pigmented</b> describes which nevus?
Intrader
mal nevus
1394213564630 1374768212495 Cells are <b>within</b> the epithelium and
supporting connective tisssue and tend to be <b>elevated/highly pigmented</b>&nb
sp;describes which nevus?
Compound nevus
1394213611358 1374768212495 What is the purpose for doing a biopsy of an acq
uired melanocytic nevus?
To distinguish between early melanoma and a nevu
s
1394213648710 1374768212495 What risk factors or etiologic factors have been
associated with oral melanoma? <b>NONE. </b><div><b><br /></b></div><div>S
unlight is an etiologic factor for <b>skin lesions. </b></div><div>Fair com
plexion, tendency to sunburn, history of sunburns are risk factors for <b>skin l
esions.</b></div>
1394213912284 1374768212495 What are the warning signs for melanoma?
A=Asymmetry<div>B= Border irregularity</div><div>C=Color variation</div><div>D=D
iameter greater than 6 mm</div><div>E=Evolving lesion</div>
1394213955369 1374768212495 What sort of treatment is required for a maligna
nt melanoma?
<b>Surgical excision</b> with a wide margion and <b>resection</b
> of regional lymph nodes
1394335519961 1390161073008 <div>Due to a chronic deficiency of cortisol, a
hormone produced by the adrenal gland (adrenal cortex). Destruction of the adren
al cortex may be due to autoimmune disease, TB, tumors, AIDS.</div>
Addison
Disease
1394335575924 1390161073008 Systemic manifestations of Addison Disease
(4)
Systemic manifestations include generalized weakness and fatigue, hypote
nsion, vomiting and diarrhea.
1394335637004 1390161073008 Generalized increased pigmentation in Addison Di
sease may occur on skin and mucous membranes and particularly occurs in....
(3)
In skin folds, over joints and areas of <b>increased trauma or f
riction</b>
1394335689485 1390161073008 <div>Addison Disease</div><div><br /></div><div>
Oral pigmentation color varies from _____.</div><div>Oral pigmentations are typi
cally seen on the _____, but may also occur on other oral sites.</div> - Light
brown to almost black<div>- Attached gingiva (bronzing of the gingiva)</div>
1394335757129 1390161073008 Treatment for Addision Disease Refer to physici
an for work-up and diagnosis.
1394335792186 1390161073008 Most common cause of acquired intraoral pigmenta
tions? Amalgam Tattoos
1394335818795 1390161073008 When are amalgam tattoos most often caused?
Amalgam alloy is usually deposited during <b>dental procedures</b>, <b>often rem
oval of an old amalgam</b> such as when doing a crown preparation.
1394335927720 1390161073008 Most common sites of Amalgam Tattoos? Gingiva,
buccal mucosa and floor of mouth
1394335951125 1390161073008 When do you need to do a biopsy if you suspect a
n amalgam tattoo?
Biopsy may be needed if alloy cannot be confirmed on rad
iograph -> eliminate possibility of malignant melanoma
1394336016834 1390161073008 Sources of lead intoxication? (2)
1.
Inhalation of lead vapor or dust<div>2. Eating paint chips containing lead<
/div>
1394336055580 1390161073008 <div><div><ol><li>G.I. disturbances colicky pain
</li><li>Anemia fatigue</li><li>Bone pain</li><li>Headaches, tremors and neuropa
thy</li><li>Peripheral neuritis</li><li>Deposition of lead in growing bones incr
eased radiographic density of bones</li></ol>Are manifestations of what?</div></
div>
Lead Intoxication (Plumbism)
1394336105517 1390161073008 <div>Oral manifestations of Lead Intoxication (P
lumbism) (3)</div>
<div>- Lead line in gingiva and other areas <i>(
due to precipitation of lead sulfide) (only when inflamed, can you see the lesio
n)</i></div><div>- Excess salivation</div><div>- Metallic taste</div>
1394336140795 1390161073008 Treatment for Lead Intoxication?
<div>- S
uspicion of lead poisoning warrants prompt referral to a physician.</div><div>There can be permanent CNS/PNS damage if not treated soon enough.</div>
1394336165957 1390161073008 Pigmentation Associated with Drug Minocycline St
aining<div><br /><div>- Most often found in WHAT AGE GROUP?</div><div>-&nbs
p;Generalized darker stain in WHAT AREAS?</div><div>- Color?</div></div>
- Most often found in younger adults<div>- Generalized darker stain in
alveolus, palate, vestibule</div><div>- Black to brown stain</div><div><im
1394336310301 1390161073008 What diseases originate from endogenous melanin?

(5)
- Smokers Melanosis<div>- Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome</div><div>-&nb
sp;Oral Melanotic Macule</div><div>- Acquired Melanocytic Nevus</div><div> Malignant Melanoma </div><br>SPAMO
1394336373792 1390161073008 What is the etiology of Smokers Melanosis?
Smoking stimulates increased production of melanin as a protective host response
.<div><i>(Melanin binds with some harmful substances in tobacco, such as benzpyr
ene.)</i></div>
1394336413157 1390161073008 <div>- Occurs in 21-31% of smokers.</div><div>Occurs more commonly in females.</div><div>- Lesions present as brown patches th
at may be several centimeters in diameter.</div><div><br /></div><div>Disease?</
div>
Smokers Melanosis
1394336509329 1390161073008 Most common sites of Smokers Melanosis?
Most common sites are mandibular anterior gingiva, buccal mucosa and palate.
1394336536209 1390161073008 <div>- _____ is NOT in itself pre-malignant.</di
v><div>- Biopsy should be done to confirm absence of serious disease. </div
><div>- Pigmentation may decrease after several months to years after not using
the etiologic factor.</div><div>- Long-term follow-up protocol is indicated.</di
v>
Smokers Melanosis
1394336644092 1390161073008 This is a rare genetic disease that is inherited
as an autosomal dominant Mendelian disorder. It has an onset in childhood
. The skin/mucosal pigmentations and intestinal polyps are considered to be hama
rtomas. There is no risk of malignancy with either the skin/mucosal pigmentation
s or the intestinal polyps.<div><br /></div><div>Sisease?</div> Peutz-Jeghers Sy
ndrome
1394340814577 1390161073008 What are the 3 characteristics of Peutz-Jeg
hers Syndrome? <div><ol><li>Small freckle-like skin pigmentations located on th
e hands and around the mouth.</li><li>Same type of pigmentations on the intraora
l mucosa</li><li>Intestinal polyps may cause abdominal pain and cause obstructio
n</li></ol></div>
1394341048834 1390161073008 Treatment for Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
Usually none; may need to refer to gastroenterologist if have GI symptoms.
1394341871177 1390161073008 _____ are the oral equivalent of ephilides (frec
kles) on the skin
Oral melanotic macules
1394341915206 1390161073008 <div><ol><li>Occur with a <font color="#ff00ff">
2:1 female predilection</font>.</li><li>Presents as focal brown to black flat sp
ot</li><li>Usually measure less than 0.7 cm diameter.</li></ol></div> Oral mel
anotic macules
1394341945098 1390161073008 Oral Melanotic Macule most common sites Vermilio
n border and gingiva
1394342005676 1390161073008 <ol><li>Lesions usually do NOT enlarge in size o
ver time</li><li>Excisional biopsy is the treatment of choice, especially if the
re has been change in size.</li><li>Biopsy is necessary to rule out possibility
of early melanoma</li></ol>
Oral Melanotic Macule
1394342058564 1390161073008 <div><ol><li>Lesion has usually been present for
a long time, possibly since childhood.</li><li>Lesion may be flat or elevated,
smooth, and is usually less than 6 mm diameter.</li></ol></div> Acquired Melanoc
ytic Nevus
1394342096257 1390161073008 Most common sites for Acquired Melanocytic
Nevus? <div><b>Palate</b>, but may also be seen on gingiva, buccal mucosa and l
ips.</div>
1394342127112 1390161073008 <div><ol><li>Color is usually brown, but some le
sions appear as non-pigmented papules.</li><li>Lesion is not vascular, and thus
does not blanch on pressure.</li><li>Treatment of choice is excisional biopsy.</
li><li>Generally, lesions do not undergo malignant transformation.</li></ol></di
v>
Acquired Melanocytic Nevus
1394342171932 1390161073008 <ol><li>Malignant neoplasm of neural crest origi
n (melanocytes).</li><li>No risk factors or etiologic factors have been clearly
identified for oral lesions.</li></ol> Malignant Melanoma
1394342216370 1390161073008 Although melanoma is the X most common cancer of
skin, it causes X% of all deaths due to skin cancer. 3rd most common<div>83%
of all skin cancer deaths</div>
1394342255090 1390161073008 T/F Incidence of melanoma has been steady in the
last few decades.
False. Incidence of melanoma has been <b><font color="#f
f0000">rising steadily</font></b> in the last few decades.
1394342617795 1390161073008 <div>Sunlight is an important etiologic factor f
or oral melanoma lesions. Acute sun damage to skin may be of greater etiologic i
mportance than chronic sun exposure.</div><div><br /></div><div><div><div>A. Fir
st statement true, second statement false</div><div>B. First statement false, se
cond statment true</div><div>C. Both statments true</div><div>D. Both statments
false</div></div></div> B. First statement false, second statment true<div><br /
></div><div>First statement should be skin lesions not oral lesions</div>
1394342637929 1390161073008 X% of skin melanomas arise in the head and neck
area. Even so, melanoma is rare neoplasm of oral mucosa.
25%
1394342679028 1390161073008 Risk factors for skin melanoma (3)<div>- What ar
e the risk factors for oral melanoma?</div>
<div><ol><li>Fair complexion and
hair</li><li>Tendency to sunburn</li><li>History of blistering sunburns, especi
ally in early childhood</li></ol></div><div>- No risk factors or etiologic facto
rs have been clearly identified for oral melanoma</div>
1394342739951 1390161073008 Melanoma<div>- Age</div><div>- Gender</div><div>
- Site Predilection</div>
<div><ol><li>Age predilection ranges from 40 to
70 years.</li><li><font color="#0000ff">Male to female ratio is 2:1</font>.</li>
<li>80% occur on <b>maxillary</b> ridge mucosa/gingiva and palate.</li></ol></di
v>
1394342807938 1390161073008 <div><ol><li>Color varies from a bluish-black to
dark-brown; some are non-pigmented.</li><li>Focal oral pigmentation may have be
en present for months to years before malignancy appeared.</li><li>Surface ulcer
ation is common.</li></ol></div>
Malignant Melanoma
1394342835901 1390161073008 Warning Signs for Melanoma (5) <div>"ABCDE" War
ning Signs</div><div>A = Asymmetry</div><div>B = Border irregularity</div><div>C
= Color variation</div><div>D = Diameter greater than 6 mm <i>(same for skin &a
mp; oral lesions)</i></div><div>E = Evolving lesion </div>
1394342887011 1390161073008 Melanoma behavior is linked to growth phases. Wh
at are they?<div>- How are the phases different for oral and skin lesions?</div>
<div><ol><li>Radial-growth phase</li><li>Vertical-growth phase</li></ol></div><d
iv>- Oral lesions often skip the radial growth phase (skin cancers dont, so
oral lesions can go right into the vertical growth phase and get massive quickly
)</div>
1394343076266 1390161073008 Oral melanoma has _____ prognosis compared to sk
in melanomas.
An extremely poor
1394068142367 1390161073008 Primary histologic feature of mucous escape reac
tion? cavity filled with mucus
1394069016849 1390161073008 what lines the cavity of a mucous escape reactio
n?
compressed granulation tissue or fibrous connective tissue<div><br /></d
iv><div>NO epithelial lining</div>
1394069132138 1390161073008 cells present in wall and cavity of mucous escap
e reaction
Foamy histocytes and neutrophils<div><br /></div>
1394069675022 1390161073008 Major histologic difference between Mucous Escap
e reaction and Mucus Retention Cyst?
Mucous Escape Reaction: NO epethilial li
ning<div><br /></div><div>Mucous Retention Cyst: HAS epithelial lining</div>
1394067770330 1390161073008 where would you be most likely to find a mucous
escape reaction?<div><br /></div><div>Location In order, beginning with most com
mon location </div>
<ol><li>Lower Lip</li><li>Buccal mucosa</li><li>
Floor of mouth (called Ranula in this location)</li><li>Tip of tongue, occasiona
lly</li></ol>Do NOT expect to find mucoceles at the hard palate or upper lip: th
ese sites are VERY RARE
1394067878977 1390161073008 describe what type of locations you would find a
mucous escape reaction?
Area s of trauma (biting)
1394067919826 1390161073008 type of glands that are affected from mucous esc
ape reaction? minor salivary glands (typically)
1394067958173 1390161073008 Mucous Escape reaction Size:

1-10mm (
0.1-1cm)
1394068013176 1390161073008 Mucous Escape Reaction: color bluish tinge to
clear<div><br /></div><div>sometimes normal mucosal color</div>
1394068063019 1390161073008 where you NOT likely find a mucous escape reacti
on?
hard papalte or upper lip
1394068091714 1390161073008 Top 2 places you would find a mucous escape reac
tion
<ol><li>lower lip</li><li>buccal mucosa</li></ol>
1394069834933 1390161073008 age you see mucus escape reaction
more com
mon younger
1394069181333 1390161073008 treatment of choice for mucous escape reaction
Surgical excision along with minor salivary glands at base.
1394069203420 1390161073008 after you do a surgical excision on a mucous esc
ape reaction, what should you do?
Send tissue for histopathologic diagnosi
s before deciding on any further treatment.
1394069249181 1390161073008 Mucous escape reaction: prognosis
Prognosi
s is good overall. Lesion may recur. <div><br /></div><div>Recurrenc
e is usually because the feeder glands was not excised.</div>
1394069275891 1390161073008 why do you have recurrence with mucous escape re
action? feeder gland was not excised
1394078199609 1390161073008 how would a pt present who developed Sialolithia
sis?
Pain & sudden enlargement (swelling) of the affected gland, especial
ly at meal times
1394078279742 1390161073008 most common gland to develop sialolithiasis
submandibular glands
1394078303922 1390161073008 how would a sialolithiasis look on an xray?
<div>Stones may appear superimposed over mandible on panoramic films.</div>
1394078433626 1390161073008 where would you see sialolithiasis on a pano?
<ol><li>proximal Whartons duct (submandibular gland), </li><li>submandibular
gland itself </li><li>minor glands in floor of mouth </li></ol>
1394078486221 1390161073008 what sialolithiasis are detectec by occlus
al radiographs? distal Warton s duct
1394078526166 1390161073008 what sialolithiasis can you see with a panoradio
graph? <ol><li><b>proximal</b> Whartons duct (submandibular gland), </li><l
i>submandibular gland itself </li><li>minor glands in floor of mouth <
/li></ol>
1394078561916 1390161073008 Pt is eating their dinner when all of a sudden t
heir mouth hurts and starts to swell. It is relieved soon after dinner.<div><br
/></div><div>What do you think this might be?</div>
Sialolithiasis<div>(pain
at mealtimes)</div>
1394069340254 1390161073008 clinical term that is used to designate a mucoce
le that occurs specifically in the floor of the mouth Ranula
1394069352376 1390161073008 Rana is the latin word for what?
Frog<div
>the lesion looks like a frogs belly</div>
1394069382195 1390161073008 which is bigger typically a mucocele or a ranula
?
Ranula<div><br /></div><div>The fluctuant bluish swellings are often lar
ger than mucoceles in other locations, and may measure several centimeters.</div
>
1394069416853 1390161073008 do ranulas look like mucoceles clinically?
yes, but they are often biger
1394069436946 1390161073008 What is it called when a ranula herniates
through the mylohyoid muscle and along the fascial planes of the neck. Plunging
ranula
1394069514034 1390161073008 Most Ranulas are really what? mucus escape rea
ctions
1394069545638 1390161073008 what is a difference in treatment between ranula
s and mucus escape reactions You could do Marsupilation to reduce the size of
the ranula prior to excision<div><br /></div><div>Then excise with minor saliva
ry glands</div>
1394069626917 1390161073008 prognosis of ranula
good, but can recur if f
eeder gland isn t excised

1394078683381 1390161073008 2 main types of treatment for sialolithiasis?
Conservative therapy<div>Surgical Therapy</div>
1394078716149 1390161073008 what are some conservative treatments for sialol
ithiasis
<div><ol><li><b>Massage</b> duct to evict stone.</li><li>Use <b>
sialogogues</b> to force stone out; <b>lemon drops</b> may help. (very small)</l
i><li><b>Moist heat and increased fluid intake </b>may also help to pass (small)
</li></ol></div>
1394078798167 1390161073008 what is the usual tx for sialolithiasis <ol><li>
dilation of duct</li><li>surgical extraction of stone</li><li>surgical removal o
f gland in rare severe cases</li></ol>
1394067190661 1390161073008 best used as a clinical term indicating a swolle
n area apparently filled with mucus
Mucocele
1394067204568 1390161073008 a swollen area apparently filled with mucus in t
he floor of the mouth Ranula (a mucocele in a specific location)
1394067245580 1390161073008 Most clinical mucoceles are diagnosed histologic
ally as one of two conditions: <div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>Mucous escape reaction most common pattern</div><div>2)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Mucous retention cyst</d
iv><div><br /></div>
1394067276434 1390161073008 If you saw a swollen area on the floor of the mo
uth that looks like it is filled with mucus would you diagnos it a Mucocele or a
Ranula?
Neither... I tricked you.... <div><br /></div><div>Mucocele
is not a diagnostic term, it is a clinical term.</div>
1394067390807 1390161073008 most common histological pattern of mucocele
Mucous Escape reaction (mucous extravasion phenomenon)
1394077725235 1390161073008 Defined as stones in salivary duct or gland
Sialolithiasis
1394077737381 1390161073008 how are the stones developed in Sialolithiasis?
due to deposition of calcium salts (and other minerals) around a nidus of debris
within the duct lumen
1394077772829 1390161073008 what are some examples of the debris that calciu
m collects on to form Sialolithiasis
<ol><li>inspissated (thick) mucus,
</li><li>bacteria, </li><li>ductal epithelial cells</li><li>foreign bodies<
/li></ol>
1394078916264 1390161073008 what does "sialo" and "lith" mean
sialo= s
aliva<div><br /></div><div>lith= stone</div>
e:pre"> </span>Majority of clinical mucoceles are _____ on biopsy
mucous e
scape reactions
1394067463322 1390161073008 how are mucous escape reactions formed Mucus es
capes into the surrounding connective tissue following a <b>rupture in the saliv
ary duct system.</b>
1394067514142 1390161073008 Mucoceles Escape Reactions are the most common h
istological pattern seen for a mucocele. what happens to the body when it happen
s?
Mucus goes into the CT which causes an Inflammatory reaction
1394246385118 1381262663025 <img src="paste-721554506011.jpg" /><div>whats t
his called?</div>
abutment
1394246477742 1381262663025 whats this called?<div><img src="paste-764504178
985.jpg" /></div>
abutment crown
020.jpg" /></div>
pontic
423.jpg" /></div>
connector
1394246525350 1381262663025 what are these called?<div><img src="paste-85469
8492298.jpg" /></div> facing<div>backing</div>
1394246558978 1381262663025 name 3 things that fall under retention/resistan
ce
1) taper<div>2) area</div><div>3) height to width ratio</div>
1394246679752 1381262663025 name 3 things that fall under structural integri
ty
chemical stability (material)<div>flexural strength (material, thickness
, design)</div><div>wear resistance (material, thickness, design)</div>

1394246714719 1381262663025 2 main areas of concern when casting? mechanic
al<div>biologic</div>
1394246744221 1381262663025 name 5 things that are important for the biologi
c aspect of casting
1) conservation of soft tissues (pulpal and gingival tis
sues)<div>2) conservation of hard tissues (enamel, bone)</div><div>3) function,&
nbsp;<br />4) occlusion</div>5) esthetics
1394246888971 1381262663025 how do you conserve pulpal tissues?
control
physical and chemical trauma
1394246935753 1381262663025 how do you conserve gingival tissues? decrease
trauma, margin location and quality, hygiene, contour
1394246964439 1381262663025 how do you conserve hard tissues?
minimal
removal, guard against caries
1394246974854 1381262663025 how do you regain proper function and occlusion?
proper restoration form
1394246987575 1381262663025 how do you create esthetics?
correct shade, o
utline, reflective surface, texture
1394247002339 1381262663025 for most pts, the highest value in anterior FDP
tx is: esthetics
1394247019596 1381262663025 what size and shape are teeth in anterior FDPs?
small triangles
1394247039985 1381262663025 what 3 things are evaluated for ant FDP occlusio
n?
occlusal scheme<div>lateral fxn</div><div>protrusive fxn</div>
1394247119285 1381262663025 what is the law of beams?
2x length = 8x d
eflection<div>3x length = 27x deflection</div>
1394247665374 1381262663025 abutment teeth must ___ together
draw
1394247691241 1381262663025 ************what teeth should be retentive on an
FDP? <b>TEETH MUST BE INDIVIDUALLY RETENTIVE</b>
1394247732232 1381262663025 align draw with the ___ abutment
smallest
1394247748046 1381262663025 the finish line should be ___ and ___ discerna
ble and recordable
1394247771445 1381262663025 when can the margin be subgingival?
caries<d
iv>esthetics</div>
1394247782094 1381262663025 *what are the 3 steps in order for color matchin
g a pontic?
value (blackness or lightness), hue (color), chroma (intensity)
1394247900398 1381262663025 a pontic should match what 4 teeth?
contrala
teral<div>opposing</div><div>2 adjacent</div>
1394247930316 1381262663025 what do you do if tissue resorbs?<div><img src="
paste-1971389989197.jpg" /></div>
make pontic longer than natural crown<di
v><img src="paste-1992864825680.jpg" /></div>
1394248003913 1381262663025 why is a ridgelap pontic difficult to keep clean
?
gingival concavity
1394248024978 1381262663025 why is a modified ridgelap pontic used? minimize
s concavity and isnt a food trap<div><img src="paste-2048699400529.jpg" /></div>
1394248082668 1381262663025 name 2 advantages and 1 disadvantage of an ovate
pontic<div><img src="paste-2151778615611.jpg" /></div> good esthetics<div>reali
stic emergence profile</div><div><br /></div><div>relatively demanding</div>
1394248157667 1381262663025 what aspect of an anterior FDP allows proper "v"
and "f" sounds?
incisal length
1394248204518 1381262663025 what aspect of an anterior FDP allows for "th" s
ound? gingival seal
1394248218841 1381262663025 how much is an ant FDP? <div>$450/unit on LLU cli
nic</div><div>$800-2000/unit in private practice </div><div>Lab fee $140-22
0 / Unit</div><div><div><br /></div></div><div><br /></div>
1394551178236 1390161073008 is retention obtained between abutments?
no!
1394551249320 1390161073008 do FPDs endure more stress than single crowns? o
r do single crowns endure more stress than FPDs<div>-which of the two need more
retention</div> FPD>single<div>-FPD need more retention</div>
1394551323261 1390161073008 FPDs recieve stress from mesio distal forces or
facio lingual forces? both!

1394551360932 1390161073008 mesiodistal stress is counteracted by what three
ways 1) heavy metal<div>2) grooves</div><div>3) coverage of abutment with ret
ainer</div>
1394551408875 1390161073008 why do you have extra faciolingual stress in FPD
s because you have additional teeth that the retainer is supporting
1394551472517 1390161073008 how do you counteract the faciolingual stress of
FPDs? (4)
1) more parallelism of the faciolingual walls<div>2) less taper<
/div><div>3) mesial/distal grooves and boxes</div><div>4) faciolingual steps and
shoulders</div>
1394551547670 1390161073008 why would adding faciolingual steps and shoulder
s counteract the stress of FPDs it will add more parallel surface area = paralle
l surface area tends to counteract stress...dont ask me why
1394551614186 1390161073008 why do canines present a particular problem in f
aciolingual stress of FPDs
short lingual wall
1394551644490 1390161073008 canines add stress to FPDs in a mesiodistal or f
aciolingual direction faciolingual
1394551692732 1390161073008 what can you use as retentive areas if you are r
emoving existing restorations to make FPDs
boxes
1394551809689 1390161073008 when making FPDs, existing undercuts may be bloc
ked out and can be modified to make:<div>-resistance features</div><div>-retenti
ve features</div><div>-restoration features</div><div>or</div><div>-relating fea
tures</div>
retentive
1394552039332 1371606764098 intact teeth or damaged teeth? intact
1394552056600 1371606764098 long or short crowns
long
1394552068343 1371606764098 thin or thick teeth faciolingually
thick
1394552085401 1371606764098 square teeth or bell teeth
square
1394552098463 1371606764098 where facial gingiva is thin and receded or thic
k and attached thin and receeded
1394552138855 1371606764098 short span bridges or long span bridges short sp
an
1394552153967 1371606764098 light to moderate occlusal forces or moderate to
heavy occlusal forces? light to moderate
1394552208009 1390161073008 when making retainers using partial coverage wha
t prep factor will give rigidity to the casting occlusal reduction
1394552271613 1390161073008 when designing a partial coverage, in what two w
ays can you establish the line of draw? 1) align with smallest tooth<div>2) alig
n with tooth most likely to have pulp exposure</div>
1394552367058 1390161073008 when placing grooves or boxed in your prep to in
crease parallelism in a partial coverage retainer what can you increase in order
to improve effectiveness
1) surface area<div>2) length of wall</div>
1394552506348 1390161073008 to maximize parallelism and surface area of part
ial coverage retainers what can you place on your prep 1) grooves<div>2) boxes<
/div>
1394552544238 1390161073008 whan can you do to change the point of resistanc
e to rotation put boxes and/or grooves
1394552571091 1390161073008 where should you place boxes and grooves in a pa
rtial coverage retainer prep<div>-shortest part of cusp</div><div>-longest part
of cusp</div><div>-highest part of cusp</div><div>-lowest part of cusp</div>
longest
1394552627940 1390161073008 what can you put on your prep to resist the forc
es placed on a FPD retainer when making partial coverage retainers
grooves&
nbsp;<div><br /></div><div>boxes</div>
1394552676352 1390161073008 what type of prep adjustments can be made to res
ist bending of the FPD lingual/facial grooves
1394552708859 1390161073008 are full coverage retainers required in <di
v>-light</div><div>-medium</div><div>or</div><div>-heavy</div><div>stress areas<
/div> heavy
1394552766145 1390161073008 when making full coverage retainers do you make
guidecuts facially before or after lingual reduction
before
1394552819890 1390161073008 when making full coverage retainers whan feature

can you add for antirotation groove
can you add to increase resistance and retention
grooves
can you add if you have an existing restoration
box
1394552905505 1390161073008 when you have tipped teeth you can have major pr
oblems with:<div>-esthetics</div><div>-gingival embrasure</div><div>-retention</
div><div>-pulp</div><div>(more than one answer)</div> pulp<div><br /></div><di
v>retention</div>
1394552995155 1390161073008 you can have problems with the esthetics of the
gingival embrasure if your teeth are:<div>tipped or rotated</div>
rotated
1394553037274 1390161073008 in our anterior pontic design<div>we have certai
n biologic requirements:</div><div>should we or should we not have contact lingu
al to crest of the ridge?</div> no contact lingual
n biologic requirements:</div><div>should we have concave or convex contact agai
nst the gingival tissue</div> convex
n biologic requirements:</div><div>should we or should we not have acute contact
angles btwn pontic and gingiva?</div> we should not!
1394553231551 1390161073008 shoudl pontic length harmonize with:<div>the len
gth of the prep</div><div>of </div><div>the clinical crown length of the co
ntralateral tooth?</div>
clinical crown length of...
1394553293649 1390161073008 do we or do we not want shadow outlines of the g
ingival margin? we do not want this
1394553325319 1390161073008 which anterior pontic design position suports th
e lips and cheeks:<div>-mesiodistal</div><div>or</div><div>-faciolingual</div>
faciolingual
1393364339441 1390161073008 what can you do to mature<div>the porcelain
to a state that forms a thin</div><div>vitreous surface that will be retained</
div><div>indefinitely.</div>
you should <b>glaze fire</b>
1393364529572 1390161073008 what is the purpose of glaze firing
mature p
orcelain<div>so that you have a thin vitreous (glass like) surface</div><div>tha
t you can retain indefinetly</div>
1393364572660 1390161073008 A poor student finished his porcelain crown and
glazed it but it didnt look good. He glazed it again but the crown still looked
glazy and even lost anatomy.<div>He went to his teacher for help.<div>His teache
r looked at him, slapped him across the face and told him "you incompetent fool!
!!" </div><div>what did the student do wrong?</div></div> the student used
glazing to smooth his surfaces. thats not what glazing is for.<div>If he wanted
smooth surfaces he should have smoothed them well before glazing</div>
1394550462060 1390161073008 what happens if you use glazing to smooth surfac
es?
they will look glazy and you will loose anatomy
1394550487998 1390161073008 what type of consistency must you have when mixi
ng glaze powder and liquid
syrupy
1394550576587 1390161073008 what can you do to enhace "natural" look of a po
rcelain crown<div>-at what stage of the crown making process should you do this?
</div> add stains to the surface<div>-during glazing</div>
1394550646159 1390161073008 do you have or dont have vacuum in the glaze cyc
le
no vacuum
1394550678322 1390161073008 what should you use to cut the oxide layer<div>after you cut the oxide layer what can you use</div>
rubber wheels<div>-tripo
li</div><div> rouge</div>
1394550755388 1390161073008 when polishing your crown after glazing do you p
olish the porcelain bearing surface or the nonporcealin bearing surface?
nonporcelain bearing surface
1394550867616 1390161073008 what should you do if the glaze is broken after
making proximal or occlusal adjustments?
porcelain adjustment kit should
be used
1394550934440 1390161073008 what is the major problem when your porcelain cr

own is seated high<div>-how can you test to prevent this problem</div><div>-what
happens if you dont detect this problem and cement? </div>
when you
close your mouth it will push the crown forward so that:<div>1) it will LOOK li
ke the crown is seated well facially</div><div>2) but lingually you have open co
ntacts</div><div>-test with passive occlusion by putting finger on top of crown
and detecting slightest movement</div><div>-you have to cut the crown and start
all over again!!!</div>
1389660659793 1360692053906 What are the six steps in management of oral les
ions? 1. History<div>2. Examination</div><div>3. Clinical diagnosis</div><div>
4. Diagnostic procedure</div><div>5. Definitive diagnosis</div><div>6. Treatment
and follow-up</div>
1389660750043 1360692053906 what are the types of biopsy? excisional<div>i
ncisional</div>
1389926557664 1360692053906 what is established by constructing a list of th
e most likely diagnoses based on the history and clinical findings?
Differen
tial diagnosis
1383617447084 1360692053906 What is normal WBC count?
4.8-10.8 x 10^3/
uL
1383617502440 1360692053906 What is normal value for segmented neutrophils?
1400-6500/uL
1383617524945 1360692053906 What is absolute value for lymphocytes? 1200-340
0/uL
1383617546264 1360692053906 What is the absolute value for monocytes?
100-600/uL
1383617569037 1360692053906 What is absolute value for eosinophils? 0-500/uL
1383617588423 1360692053906 What is absolute value for basophils? 0-200/uL
1383676228919 1360692053906 What is commonality of non-hodgkin lymphomas?
Diffuse large cell lymphomas 40-50%<div>follicular lymphomas 40%</div><div>small
lympocytic lymphoma 3-4%</div><div>mantle cell lymphoma 3-4%</div><div>Burkitt
lymphoma <1% in US</div>
1383676318248 1360692053906 which non-hodgkin lymphomas are aggressive?
diffuse large cell lymphomas<div>mantle cell </div><div>burkitt lymphoma</d
iv>
1383676404628 1360692053906 What disease shows starry sky pattern? Burkitt
lymphoma
1383676434461 1360692053906 which cell is diagnostic for hodgkin lymphoma?
Reed-Sternberg cell
1383676677936 1360692053906 what is the most common hodgkin lymphoma?
nodular-sclerosis hodgkin lymphoma
1383676722127 1360692053906 What is prognosis and patient predilection for N
Odular sclerosis?
Adolescent or young adult women<div>excellent prognosis<
/div>
1383677043758 1360692053906 What is prognosis and patient predilection for L
ymphocyte predominance hodgkin lymphoma?
young men<div>excellent prognosi
s</div>
1383677101221 1360692053906 What is prognosis and patient predilection for m
ixed cellularity hodgkin lymphoma?
males<div>intermediate prognosis</div>
1383677125705 1360692053906 What is prognosis and patient predilection for l
ymphocyte depletion hodgkin lymphoma? older<div>bad prognosis</div>
1383677148447 1360692053906 what immature cells characteries acute leukemias
?
blasts
1383677312391 1360692053906 what is the most common childhood leukemia?
precursor B cell lymphoblastic leukemia
1383677509727 1360692053906 what is the most common chronic leukemia?
chronic myelogenous leukemia
1383677758913 1360692053906 what chromosome is found in chronic myelogenous
leukemia?
philadelphia chromosome
1383677798838 1360692053906 Blast crisis occurs commonly in?
chronic
myelogenous leukemia
1383677844913 1360692053906 which is the most indolent of all leukemias?

chronic lymphocytic leukemia
1383677997472 1360692053906 what kind of cells accumulate in chronic lymphoc
ytic leukemia? non-functional B lymphocytes
1383678067199 1360692053906 what are treatment options for hairy cell leukem
ia?
splenectomy<div>alpha interferon</div>
1383678116834 1360692053906 what chronic leukemia shows increased red cell m
ass?
polycythemia vera
1383678144194 1360692053906 what is the worst and most common of plasma cell
dyscrasias?
multiple myeloma
1383678377365 1360692053906 what shows radiographically in MM?
punched
out lesions
1383678398289 1360692053906 What are proteins spilled into urine for MM?
Bence-Jones proteins
1383678424272 1360692053906 what is considered hybrid between small lymphocy
tic lymphoma and MM?
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
1383678470887 1360692053906 what is the worst type of langerhan disease?
acute disseminated form
1383680135323 1360692053906 What are prolonged in coagulation defects?
PT, PTT
1383680161816 1360692053906 What are present in platelet defects? Petechia
e, purpura, mucosal bleedings
1383681498715 1360692053906 what does heparin do? inactivates thrombin by
binding antithrombin III
1383681525720 1360692053906 What does coumadin do? inhibits vitamin K
1383681536125 1360692053906 What does aspirin do? irreversibly binds plate
ts<div>inhibits synthesis of thromboxane A2</div>
1383681579340 1360692053906 What does ibuprofen do? reversibly binds platele
ts/inhibits TXA2
1383681600257 1360692053906 What does vitamin K deficiency do?
cannot s
ynthesize factors II, vII, IX, X
1383681890018 1360692053906 where are VWF synthesized?
endothelial cell
s
1383712022464 1360692053906 Which disease has similar appearance as small ly
mphocytic lymphoma?
chronic lymphocytic lymphoma
1383712063603 1360692053906 the IgG heavy chain disease affects?
diffuse
lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly
1383713250808 1360692053906 What does IgA heavy chain disease affect?
lymphoid tissue in intestines and respiratory tract
1383714010656 1360692053906 What is thrombocytopenia characterized by?
spontaneous--purpura, petechiae--excessive bleeding<div>prolonged bleeding time<
/div><div>normal coagulation times</div>
1383714045847 1360692053906 Immune thrombocytopenia purpura forms what antib
odies? IgG anti-platelet antibodies
1383714083002 1360692053906 what is the most common inherited bleeding disor
der?
Von Willebrand disease
1383714215927 1360692053906 HOw do you get von Willebrand disease? Mendelia
n autosomal dominant
1383714247978 1360692053906 delayed onset of bleeding folllowing surgical pr
ocedure is characteristic of? Von Willebrand disease
1383714303103 1360692053906 What do lab tests show for von Willebrand diseas
e?
Normal platelet count, prolonged bleeding time<div>coagulation time norm
al but PTT may be prolonged<div><br /></div></div>
1383714365354 1360692053906 What is the most common inherited disorder to ca
use serious bleeding? Hemophilia A--factor VIII deficiency
1383714408162 1360692053906 how is hemophilia A inherited? x-linked recessi
ve Mendelian
1383714455146 1360692053906 how is factor IX deficiency--hemophilia B inheri
ted?
Mendelian X-linked recessive
1383714481693 1360692053906 Hemophilia A occurs to who?
hemizygous males
and homozygous females

1383716114992 1360692053906 What would confirm that the bleeding problem is
one of the hemophilias? Partial thromboplastin time
1383716152940 1360692053906 what is typical clinical manifestation of coagul
ation disorder? serious to massive bleeding following trauma or surgery
1383716231299 1360692053906 Spontaneous bruising is an early warning sign fo
r?
problems related to platelets
1383716262279 1360692053906 what are some common causes of bleeding problem
due to a defect in clotting cascade?
cirrhosis of liver<div>anticoagulant the
rapy (coumadin or heparin)</div>
1383720689009 1360692053906 What causes infective mononucleosis?
EpsteinBarr Virus
1383720721018 1360692053906 How do you test for infectious mononucleosis?
Monospot testing: positive heterophile reaction
1383720746517 1360692053906 What is causative agent for cat scratch disease?
Bartonella henselae
1383720766932 1360692053906 which disease shows owl eyes? hodgkin lymphoma
1383720801407 1360692053906 which is the onlyd hodgkin lymphoma that affects
women more?
nodular sclerosis hodgkin lymphoma
1384739820826 1360692053906 which blood diseases exhibit prolonged PT?
Coumadin<div>Vitamin K deficiency</div><div>Liver disease</div>
1384905633869 1360692053906 which diseases show the philadelphia chromosome?
chronic myelogenous leukemia<div>acute lymphoblastic leukemia</div>
1384906619660 1360692053906 where do hairy cell leukemia manifest? bone mar
row<div>liver</div><div>spleen</div>
1388972096687 1381262663025 Other name for Orofacial clefts cleft lip and pa
late
1388972124035 1381262663025 NDAB for orofacial cleft
1,2,3
1388972159120 1381262663025 etiology of orofacial clefts
Not understood<d
iv>Multifactoral</div><div>associated with other syndromes</div>
1388972263958 1381262663025 % of hereditary factor for cleft lip and palate
40% cleft lip<div>20% isolated cleft palate</div>
1388972317914 1381262663025 possible environmental factors for orofacial cle
fts
<div>a) <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>nut
rition </div><div>b) <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>physiologic, emotional, or traumatic stress </div><div>c) <span clas
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>ischemic </div><div>d) <
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>enlarged tongue&nbsp
;</div><div>e) <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>alco
hol and drug use </div><div>f) <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>infections </div><div><br /></div>
1388972367087 1381262663025 when does the upper lip form in cleft lip
between 6th and 7th weeks
1388972410904 1381262663025 a cleft lip is a defective fusion of what
the medial nasal process with the maxillary process
1388972467746 1381262663025 when does the palate form
between 8th and
12th week
1388972500161 1381262663025 define cleft palate
failure of palatal shelv
es to fuse
1388972524470 1381262663025 In cleft palate, what forms the primary palate a
nd what forms the secondary palate.<div><br /></div>
The <b>medial nasal proc
ess</b> merges to form the<b> primary palate</b> <div><br /></div><div>and
the <b>secondary palate</b> is formed from the <b>maxillary process</b></div>
1388972609183 1381262663025 in cleft palate, what forms the secondary palate
maxillary process
1388972632945 1381262663025 in cleft palate, what forms the primary palate
medial nasal process
1388972659476 1381262663025 how many births have orofacial cleft
1 in 700
-1000
1388972696822 1381262663025 which is more common isolated CL or CP? CP 30% a
ll cases<div>CL 25% all cases</div>

1388972737730 1381262663025 together cleft lip an d palate account for what
% of orofacial clefts cases
45%
1388972776656 1381262663025 what % of orofacial palates are associated with
specific syndromes?
5%
1388972795528 1381262663025 CL CP more common in males or females
males
1388972832896 1381262663025 are isolated CP more common in males or females
females
1388972849179 1381262663025 for CL, which is more commmon unilateral or bila
teral? unilateral- 80%<div>bilateral- 20%</div>
1388972889373 1381262663025 which side of the face are unilateral CL more co
mmon
70% are on the Left side
1388972913172 1381262663025 what is a form of minimal manifestation for a CP
involvement
bifid uvula
1388972992982 1381262663025 can CP involvement vary?
yes,<div><br /><
/div><div><div>CP may vary from minimal manifestation (bifid uvula) to involveme
nt of soft and hard palate </div></div><div><br /></div>
1388973016558 1381262663025 what race has the highest frequecny of orofacial
clefts Native Americans
1388973046186 1381262663025 when can you start surgical repair for orofacial
cleft on a child
at 10lbs throughout childhood
1388973091167 1381262663025 who would be involved for the multidisiplinary t
reatment of orofacial clefts
(pediatrician, oral surgeon, plastic surgeon, pe
diatric dentist, orthodontist, prosthodontist, speech pathologist, etc.)
1388973129725 1381262663025 what are some other examples of orofacial clefts
oblique facial cleft<div>lateral facial cleft</div>
1388973716240 1381262663025 what is the NDAB for Pierre-Robin syndrome
4
1388973744036 1381262663025 what is the RSJ for Pierre-Robin syndrome
350
1388973762023 1381262663025 what is mandibular micrognathia the jaw is small
(hyperplasia)
1388973818847 1381262663025 what is the downward displacement of the tongue
glossoptosis
1388973854200 1381262663025 3 clinical features of Pierre-Robin Syndrome (sy
ndrome associated with orofacial clefts)
1) cleft palate<div>2) mandibula
r micrognathia</div><div>3) glossoptosis</div>
1390884473497 1384318139939 Differential diagnosis for leukoedema <div>1)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>keratosis</div><div>
2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>white sponge nevu
s</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>smoke
less tobacco lesions</div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>cheek-biting lesions</div><div><br /></div>
1390885356417 1384318139939 Differential diagnosis for Squamous Papillo
ma
pan>verruca vulgaris</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>verrucous carcinoma (CAN LOOK LIKE A MALIGNANCY)</div><div>3)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>condyloma acuminatum</di
v><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>verrucifor
m xanthoma</div><div><br /></div>
1390885580067 1384318139939 Verrucous Vulgaris differential <div>1)<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>squamous papilloma</div><div
>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>verrucous carcin
oma (CAN LOOK LIKE A MALIGNANCY)</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
"white-space:pre"> </span>condyloma acuminatum</div><div>4)<span class="Apple-ta
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>verruciform xanthoma</div><div><br /></d
iv>
1390886251013 1384318139939 Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia (Heck s disease) di
fferential
pan>Squamous papilloma</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa

ce:pre"> </span>Cowdens syndrome</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="
white-space:pre"> </span>Crohns disease</div><div><br /></div>
1390886598607 1384318139939 Verruciform Xanthoma differential diagnosis
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Squamous pap
illoma</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
Condyloma acuminatum</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>Early carcinoma (BUT ITS NOT MALIGNANT)</div><div><br /></div>
1390886895867 1384318139939 Keratoacanthoma differential
<div>1)<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>squamous cell carcinoma&nbsp
;</div><div>2) verruca vulgaris</div>
1390887056517 1384318139939 White Sponge Nevus differential <div>1)<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>leukoedema</div><div>2)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>lichen planus<span class
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div><div>3)<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>candidosis</div><div>4)<span class="
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>hereditary benign epithelial dys
keratosis</div><div><br /></div>
1390887981331 1384318139939 Leukoplakia differential diagnosis
<div>1)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>leukoedema</div><div
>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>candidosis</div>
<div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>keratosis wi
th dysplasia</div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> <
/span>squamous cell carcinoma</div><div><br /></div>
1390884674142 1384318139939 Linea Alba treatment<div><br /></div> none - m
ay regress on its own
1390885543753 1384318139939 Verrucous Vulgaris tx <div>excisional biopsy,
laser, cryo therapy</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pr
e"> </span></div><div><br /></div><div>some disappear spontaneously ( within 2 ye
ars)</div><div><br /></div>
1390887933970 1384318139939 Leukoplakia followup must be how long every 6
months
1394464037467 1374768212495 Lack of any one of several normal enzymes needed
to process <b>glycosaminoglycans </b>describes which group of diseases?
Mucopolysaccharidoses
1394464105445 1374768212495 Mental retardation, coarse facial features with
<b>heavy brows</b>, exibit <b>macroglossia, gingival hyperplasia, </b>and <b>coa
lescence of dental follicles</b> describes which dz?
Mucopolysacchari
doses
1394464243928 1374768212495 What is the primary method of management for muc
opolysaccharidoses?
Allergenic bone marrow transplantation
1394464297207 1374768212495 Which group of diseases is commonly seen in <b>A
shkenazi Jews </b>and is caused by lack of certain enzymes used for <b>processin
g spicific lipids</b>? Lipid reticuloendothelioses (Storage diseases)
1394464456597 1374768212495 What are the three storage diseases?
1. Gauch
er dz<div>2. Niemann-Pick dz</div><div>3. Tay-Sachs Dz</div>
1394464478574 1374768212495 Lack of <b>glucocerebrosidase </b>resulting in a
ccumulation of <b>lipids</b> <b>in macrophages </b>causing them to be <b>no
n-functioning </b>and <b>decreased salivary flow</b> describes which dz?
Gaucher dz
1394464663947 1374768212495 Which types of Gaucher dz show neurologic damage
?
Types 2 and 3
1394464770628 1374768212495 Most common <b>hereditary</b> cause of incr
eased <b>bilirubin, </b>due to lack of <b>glucuronyltransferase</b> describ
es which syndrome?
Gilbert syndrome
1394464976917 1374768212495 Alcohol, cancer, cirrhosis, gallstones, hepatocy
tes swelling, and hepatocyte necrosis are characteristic of increase of which ty
pe of bilirubin?
Increased conjugated bilirubin
1394465047512 1374768212495 Increased RBC breakdown, less uptake of bilirubi
n, decreased conjugation of bilirubin describe increase in which type of bilirub
in?
Increased unconjugated bilirubin
1394465156555 1374768212495 What is the first location where <b>yellow color
</b> is noted in jaundice? Sclera; Differentiate from <b>hypercarotenemia</
b> where sclera not involved
1394465280763 1374768212495 What is the prognosis of jaundice <b>due to live
r metastasis?</b>
Poor
1394465307452 1374768212495 What are the two types of amyloidosis? 1. Organ
limited <div>2. Systemic</div>
1394465513820 1374768212495 Focal IG light chain deposits describes which ty
pe of amyloidosis?
Organ limited
1394465536968 1374768212495 Elevated <b>Bence-Jones proteins </b>(<b>myeloma
) </b>due to elevated plasma cells describes which type of amyloidosis?
Systemic
1394465596024 1374768212495 Results as a result of <b>chronic inflammation</
b>, accumulation of <b>AA type</b> amyloid in the liver, kidney, spleen, an
d adrenals describes which type of amyloidosis? Secondary
1394465690212 1374768212495 Accumulation of <b>AL</b> type amyloid, <b>
carpal tunnel syndrome, </b>eyelids, lips, neck, and <b>macroglossia</b> oc
cur in which type of amyloidosis?
Primary amyloidosis
1394465819291 1374768212495 <b>-microglobulin amyloid </b>deposition in <b>bo
nes and joints, </b>long-term <b>renal dialysis</b> where protein is not el
iminated, cervical spine pain and dysfunction, and <b>macroglossia</b> desc
ribe which type of amyloidosis?<b> </b>
Hemodialysis associated amyloido
sis
1394465957929 1374768212495 What is the other name for heredofamilial amyloi
dosis? familial Mediterranean fever
1394466099336 1374768212495 Polyneuropathies, <b>cardiomyopathy, cardiac arr
hythmias, congestive heart failure, </b>and renal failure are common in which ty
pe of amyloidosis?
Heredofamilial amyloidosis
1394466168372 1374768212495 Lethargic, increased <b>ketones</b> product
ion, increase <b>food intake</b>, <b>polyuria/polydipsia, </b>and younger aged d
escribes which dz?
Type I diabetes
1394466616236 1374768212495 Xerostomia, <b>perio dz</b>, increased <b>caries
</b>incidence, <b>sialadenosis</b>, candidiasis, and <b>mucormycosis</b> a
re seen in which dz?
Type I diabetes
1394466771696 1374768212495 Patients >40 y/o, <b>obese, </b>ketoacidosis
<b>absent</b>, and relative <b>lack of insulin</b> describe which dz?
Type II diabetes
1394467676416 1374768212495 <b>Microangiopathy, ischemia, </b>lack of <b>neu
trophils chemotaxis, amputations,</b> <b>myocardial infarctions, </b>and <b
>blindness</b> are manifestations about which dz? Type II diabetes
1394467872334 1374768212495 What is the primary treatment used for Type I di
abetes? Insulin injections
1394467905441 1374768212495 What is the primary treatment used in type II di
abetes? Diet and exercise
1394467923864 1374768212495 Failure to produce <b>TRH/TSH</b> causes wh
at dz? Secondary hypothyroidism
1394468126168 1374768212495 Failure to produce <b>T3/T4 </b>
causes what dz? Primary hypothyroidism
1394468150907 1374768212495 What is the difference between Hashimotos thyroi
ditis and Graves dz?
Hashimoto=<b>HYPO</b>thyroidism<div>Graves=<b>HYPER</b>t
hyroidism</div>
1394468247241 1374768212495 Persistent <b>candidiasis, twitching</b> of
the upper lip when facial nerve tapped just below the zygomatic process (<b>Chv
ostek sign)</b>, and association with <b> DiGeorge </b>syndrome is seen in
which dz?
Hypoparathyroidism
1394469058857 1374768212495 Serum <b>PTH </b>levels and <b>calcium</b>
are <b>decreased, </b> phosphate level<b> elevated, </b> and rena
l function normal describe which dz?
Hypoparathyroidism
1394469163016 1374768212495 Fat accumulation in dorsocervical spine (<b>buff
alo hump), </b>fat deposition in facial area (<b>moon facies)</b>, osteoporosis,

HYPERtension, mood changes, and HYPERglycemia describe which dz?
Cushing
s dz
1394469249873 1374768212495 Destruction of <b>adrenal cortex, </b>decreased
levels of <b>cortisol, </b> pituitary <b>ACTH </b>output and increased leve
ls of <b>MSH</b> resulting in <b>hyperpigmentation</b> in the oral cav
ity describe which dz? Addison s dz
1394476712527 1374768212495 Deficiency of what vitamin causes <b>beriberi?</
b>
Thiamin
1394476925374 1374768212495 Deficiency of what vitamin causes <b>Wernic
ke s encephalopathy?</b>
Thiamin
1394476946749 1374768212495 Cardiovascular and<b> neurologic problems</b> ca
used by <b>thiamin</b> deficiency are present in what dz?
Beriberi
1394476993587 1374768212495 Vomiting, nystagmus, progressive <b>mental deter
ioration</b>, caused by <b>thiamin</b> deficiency are present of which dz?
Wernicke s encephalopathy
1394477270918 1374768212495 Rough skin, oral stomatitis, <b>glossitis</b> wi
th red, smooth, raw tongue, caused by <b>niacin</b> deficiency describes wh
ich dz? Pallagra
1394477413248 1374768212495 Deficiency of Vitamin A (retinol) causes what dz
?
Blindness
1394477432210 1374768212495 Defiency of Vitamin C causes what dz? Scurvy
1394477448292 1374768212495 Intracranial hemorrhages, generalized <b>gingiva
l swelling</b> with spontaneous hemorrhage, <b>ulceration, tooth mobility,
</b>and increased <b>periodontal dz</b> caused by <b>vitamin D </b>deficien
cy describes which dz? Scurvy
1394477508187 1374768212495 Iron-deficiency anemia, glossitis, and dysphagia
are the classic triad of which dz?
Plummer Vincent syndrome
1394477543252 1374768212495 Tongue <b>bald</b>, <b>depapillated</b> with <b>
burning</b> sensation in addition to iron-deficiency <b>anemia, glossitis,
and dysphagia</b> are present in what dz? Plummer Vincent Syndrome
1394477625985 1374768212495 <b>Linear</b> oral ulcers, <b>cobble stone<
/b> or fissure like appearance, and primarily affect the <b>distal</b> port
ion of the small bowel/proximal colon describe which dz?
Crohn s dz
1394477710933 1374768212495 Enlarged<b> lips</b>, lingual plicata <b>(forked
tongue), </b>and facial <b>palsy</b> describe which disease?
Melkerss
on Rosenthal Syndrome
1394477848986 1374768212495 ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs, <b>C1 Esterase deficienc
y/non-functioning, </b>or <b>internal malignancy</b> are causes of what sym
ptom of <b>Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome?</b> Enlarged lips
1394477960616 1374768212495 What is the difference between <b>Melkersson-Ros
enthal syndrome</b> and <b>Angoedema?</b> Angoedema has rapid onset of enl
arged lips<div>MRS takes a long time</div>
1394478002870 1374768212495 What would you expect to see in a biopsy of Croh
n s dz? <b>Non-causeating granulomas</b>
1394478031278 1374768212495 Yellowish, linear, <b>serpentine/snail track</b>
pustules in erythematous background are characteristic of what dz?
1394478082642 1374768212495 Enlarged marrow spaces, spiky roots, and <b>hair
on end</b> skull features seen radiographically are characteristic of which two
dz?
1. Sickle cell anemia<div>2. Thalassemia</div>
1394007586126 1380305652445 <img src="paste-4548370366863.jpg" /><div>uncomm
on saliivary gland enlargement, mostly parotid glands</div>
Sialadenosis
1394007886801 1380305652445 <img src="paste-5226975199499.jpg" /><img src="p
aste-5252745003276.jpg" /><div>30-40 year olds</div><div>more common in men</div
><div>tender swelling which progresses to ulceration</div>
necrotizing sial
ometaplasia
1394008566355 1380305652445 <img src="paste-5716601471217.jpg"><img src="pas
te-5978594476274.jpg"><div>most common of all salivary gland tumors</div><div>sl
ow growing painless swelling</div><div>adults age 30-50</div> B9 mixed tumor

aste-6244882448641.jpg" /><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:
pre"> </span>Slow-growing and localized; may reach a certain size and stop growi
ng</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Entir
e neoplasm surrounded by thin fibrous capsule</div><div>- Males affected 5
times as frequently as females (M:F = 5:1</div> Warthin tumor
aste-6936372183199.jpg" /><div><br /></div><div>Has significant predilection (75
%) for the minor salivary glands of the UPPER LIP. </div><div><span class=
"Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>More common in the over 60 age
group.</div>
canalicular adenoma
aste-7541962571973.jpg" /><div><br /></div><div>histologically epidermoid cells
appear as clear cells</div><div>most common of the malignant salivary gland tumo
rs</div><div>benign locally agressive,(low grade malignant tumor)</div><div>peak
age 20-40 yrs old</div>
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma
1394009588870 1380305652445 <img src="paste-8005819039906.jpg" /><div>slow-g
rowing mass measuring less than 3 cm</div><div>Pain is a frequent presenting sym
ptom.</div><div>5-year survival rate is 89%.</div><div>peak incidence 40 t
o 60 years of age</div> Acinic cell carcinoma
ng" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-03-05 at 1.06.37 AM.png" /><div>swiss cheese pa
ttern</div><div>most common in submandibular gland tumor </div><div>predomi
nant in women age 50-60s</div><div>pleomorphism is NOT a feature of this maligna
nt tumor</div> Adenoid cystic Carcinoma
ng" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-03-05 at 1.14.42 AM.png" /><div>- arises only i
n minor salivary glands</div><div>- adults ranging from 44 to 78 years (mean 59
years)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-Targetoid gr
owth and "Indian filing" around nerves and blood vessels</div> Polymorphous Low
-grade Adenocarcinoma
ng" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-03-05 at 1.16.04 AM.png" /><div>mass of posteri
or hard palate</div><div>occur in the parotid gland,followed by the minor glands
, the submandibular glands</div>
Salivary Adenocarcinoma(NOS)
1391284905916 1384318139939 Candidiasis at the commissures Angular cheiliti
s
1390884757237 1384318139939 most common papillary lesion of the oral mucosa
Squamous Papilloma
1390887515217 1384318139939 <div>leukoplakia is more common in what age and
sex group</div><div><br /></div>
<div>older age group and men (5th, 6th a
nd 7th </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre"> </
span>decades)</div>
1393431855864 1374768212495 Single most common sign of salivary gland dz?
Swelling
1393431870453 1374768212495 Most common non-neoplastic salivary gland disord
er?
Mucocele
1393432035142 1374768212495 <b>Clinical </b>term indicating a <b>swollen </b
>area filled with <b>mucus?</b> Mucocele
1393432083579 1374768212495 What are the two types of mucoceles?
1. Mucou
s escape reaction<div>2. Mucous retention cyst</div>
1393432128971 1374768212495 Mucocele located in the <b>floor of the mouth</b
> is called what? Ranula
1393432254202 1374768212495 <b>Foamy histiocytes, no epithelial lining</b>,
lining of compressed <b>granulation</b> tissue is present in which lesion?
Mucous escape reaction
1394088559749 1374768212495 May develop due to <b>herniation</b> of les
ion through the <b>mylohyoid </b>muscle and along the fascial planes of the neck
describes which lesion?
Plunging ranula
1394088699141 1374768212495 Which dz most closely resembles a mucous escape
reaction except more likely in <b>adults, </b>occurs in <b>non-trauma areas, maj

or/minor glands, </b>and are <b>firmer?</b>
Mucus retention cyst
1394088977862 1374768212495 Lesion filled with <b>mucus, </b> lined by
<b>epithelium, </b>and inflammation typically <b>absent</b> describes which
lesion?
Mucus retention cyst
1394089076461 1374768212495 What is the proper name for a stone in a salivar
y duct/gland? Sialothiasis
1394089255843 1374768212495 Pain, sudden enlargement of the gland around <b>
mealtimes </b>and <b>opaque masses</b> any where along the length of the gl
ands duct describes which lesion?
Sialolithiasis
1394089860475 1374768212495 What kind of radiograph would be used to find a
sialolithiasis in the <b>distal Wharton s duct?</b>
Occlusal radiographs
1394090053771 1374768212495 What kind of radiograph would be used to find a
sialolithiasis in the <b>proximal Wharton s duct, submandibular </b>gl
and, or <b>minor glands</b> in the floor of the mouth?
Panoramic films
1394090151084 1374768212495 An inflammation of the salivary gland that may a
rise from infectious or non-infectious causes describes which lesion? Sialaden
itis
1394090470375 1374768212495 What are the <b>four</b> general causes of
sialadenitis? 1. Viruses (<b>mumps most common)</b><div>2. Bacteria</div><div>
3. Recent surgery</div><div>4. Non-infectious causes (<b>Sjogren syndrome)</b></
div>
1394090566153 1374768212495 Painful swelling of gland, <b>low-grade fever</b
>, malaise, <b>cloudy, thick</b> saliva, and <b>trismus</b> describe w
hich dz?
<b>Acute</b> sialadenitis
1394091087131 1374768212495 <b>Periodic</b> swelling, pain, and other s
ymptoms present at <b>mealtime</b> when flow is stimulated describes which
dz?
<b>Chronic</b> sialadenitis
1394091145922 1374768212495 <b>Neutrophils</b>, exudate accumulated within d
ucts and may be treated with <b>antibiotics</b> describe which condition?
Acute sialadenitis
1394091271946 1374768212495 Patchy/diffuse infiltrates of <b>lymphocytes and
plasma cells</b> and may be treated based on eliminating underlying cause
describes which dz?
Chronic sialadenitis
1394091385745 1374768212495 Common in <b>middle-age/older men, </b>features
lip <b>swelling and eversion</b>, and<b> </b>minor salivary glands appearin
g as <b>tiny red dots</b> describes which dz?
Cheilitis glandularis
1394165574374 1374768212495 What are the four main effects leading from xero
stomia? 1. Flora shifts to more <b>cariogenic</b><div>2. Increased risk of <b>ca
ries</b></div><div>3. Increase incidence/severity of <b>perio dz</b></div><div>4
. Difficulty <b>eating/swallowing</b></div>
1394165823898 1374768212495 Unilateral/bilateral <b>swelling</b> of par
otid glands resulting from a benign infiltration of <b>lymphoid </b>cells descri
bes which lesion?
1394166418945 1374768212495 Which lesion is commonly seen in <b>Sjogren </b>
syndrome in <b>middle-aged females?</b> Benign lymphoepithelial lesion
1394166552453 1374768212495 Proliferation of <b>lymphocytes</b>, <b>necrotic
/atrophic</b> acini resulting in <b>fibrosis, </b> and ducts floating
in a <b>sea of lymphocytes</b> are hisotologic features of which lesion?
1394167378109 1374768212495 What are the two types of Sjogren syndrome? What
two clinical features do they have in common? 1. Primary<br />2. Secondary<div
><br /></div><div>Xeropthalmia/Xerostomia</div>
1394167505285 1374768212495 Xeropthalmia, xerostomia, <b>rheumatoid factor,
antinuclear antibodies, anti-SS-A, or anti-SS-B </b>are features of which dz?
Primary Sjogren Syndrome
1394168359405 1374768212495 Xeropthalmia, xerostomia, <b>rheumatoid art
hritis, SLE, polymyositis, scleroderma, or biliary cirrhosis </b>are featur
es of which dz? Secondary Sjogren syndrome
1394168397545 1374768212495 Middle aged women, <b>dryness</b> of mucous
membranes, and <b>keratoconjunctivitis sicca </b>are clinical features of

which dz?
Sjogren syndrome
1394174721527 1374768212495 Non-inflammatory disorder with <b>asymptomatic</
b> <b>salivary gland enlargement </b>associated with <b>diabetes</b>, alcoh
olism, anorexia, bulimia, malnutrition, and drug reactions describes which dz?
Sialedenosis
1394217854005 1374768212495 <b>Xerostomia, </b> difficulty swallowing/c
hewing, abnormal taste, <b>increased fluid intake</b> to keep mouth moist,
and <b>rapidly progressive dental caries</b> are some oral manifestations o
f which dz?
Sjogren syndrome
1394219289323 1374768212495 Seen on <b>palate, </b>tender <b>swelling</b>&nb
sp;progressing to <b>ulceration, </b> commonly seen in <b>middle aged men,
</b>and caused by <b>infarction of minor salivary glands </b>describes which les
ion?
Necrotizing sialometaplasia
1394219954232 1374768212495 Occurs mostly in <b>parotid</b>, pt experiences
<b>slow-growing, painless swelling </b>that is <b>well-defined and moveable, </b
>and can be <b>VERY LARGE </b>describes which tumor?
Benign Mixed Tumor
1394221118605 1374768212495 Histo features include <b>lack of a capsule, duc
t-like </b>structures, and have epithelial tissue intermingled with <b>mucoid, m
yxoid, or chondroid tissue</b> describes which tumor?
Benign mixed tum
or
1394221245212 1374768212495 Benign tumor with <b>epithelial cystic </b>struc
tures surrounded by a <b>lymphoid stroma, </b>swelling may be <b>fluctuant </b>b
ut not painful describes which dz?
Warthin Tumor
1394222015223 1374768212495 Predilection for minor salivary glands of <b>upp
er lip, </b> shows <b>long cords or strands</b> of epithelial cells in
double rows forming a <b>party wall patter, </b>and may have cystic spaces desc
ribes which dz? Canalicular adenoma
1394222401569 1374768212495 Most common <b>malignant salivary gland tumor, <
/b> characterized by <b>squamous cells, mucus-secreting cells, and intermed
iate cells, </b> epidermoid cells appear as <b>clear cells, </b>and <b>not
encapsulated </b>describes which tumor? Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
1394223631214 1374768212495 Occur in <b>parotid gland, </b>requently <b>pain
ful, </b>contain <b>cytosplasmic secretory granules, </b>and resembles <b>thyroi
d </b>tissue describes which tumor?
Acinic cell carcinoma
1394223834586 1374768212495 What are the three ways of classifying malignant
mixed tumors? 1. Carcinoma-ex-mixed tumor<div>2. Carcinomasarcoma</div><div>3.
Metastisizing mixed tumor</div>
1394300329623 1374768212495 Malignant transformation occurring in a <b>previ
ously benign mixed tumor</b> describes which type of malignant mixed tumor?
Carcinoma-ex-mexed tumor
1394303025346 1374768212495 Tumor is composed of <b>both</b> a malignan
t <b>epithelial</b> component and a malignant <b>mesenchymal</b> component descr
ibes which type of malignant mixed tumor?
Carcinosarcoma
1394303080941 1374768212495 Histologically benign mixed tumor that <b>metast
isizes</b> describes which type of malignant mixed tumor? Metastasizing mi
xed tumor
1394303174914 1374768212495 <b>Sudden rapid growth</b> occuring the <b>
parotid gland </b>and arising from an <b>existing</b> benign tumor describe
s which tumor? Malignant mixed tumor
1394304181711 1374768212495 Which tumor is the most common malignant <b>sali
vary gland tumor</b> in the <b>submandibular gland?</b>
Adenoid cystic c
arcinoma
1394304628647 1374768212495 Firm mass with periods of <b>rapid growth, </b>&
nbsp;<b>pain/tenderness,</b> if located on the parotid gland may cause <b>f
acial paralyis, </b>and histology shows <b>swiss cheese </b>pattern describes wh
ich dz? Adenoid cystic carcinoma
1394304712102 1374768212495 Small bland uniform cells, predominantly <b>lobu
les</b> or solid <b>nests</b> of cells, <b>targetoid growth </b>and <b
>Indian filing</b> around nerves and blood vessels, and <b>lack of encapsul
ation</b> describes which dz? Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma

1394305985011 1374768212495 Histology shows malignant glandular features wit
h a wide spectrum of differentiation and <b>defy classification</b> into ex
isting schemes describes which dz?
Salivary adenocarcinoma, NOS
1390426954776 1384318139939 Which of these characteristics are shared by bot
h <b>erythema multiforme major</b> and <b>BMMP:</b><div>a-hypersensitivity react
ion to drugs</div><div>b-attack of hemidesmosomes</div><div>c-skin affected</div
><div>d-oral cavity affected</div><div>e-conjunctivitis</div><div>f-blindness</d
iv><div>g-genitalia involved</div><div>h-adults age 50-60</div> c,d,e,f,g
1390427378810 1384318139939 Which of these characteristics are seen only in&
nbsp;<b>erythema multiforme major</b><b>:</b><div>a-hypersensitivity reaction to
drugs</div><div>b-attack of hemidesmosomes</div><div>c-skin affected</div><div>
d-oral cavity affected</div><div>e-conjunctivitis</div><div>f-blindness</div><di
v>g-genitalia involved</div><div>h-adults age 50-60</div>
a
1390427465148 1384318139939 Which of these characteristics are seen only in&
nbsp;<b>BMMP:</b><div>a-hypersensitivity reaction to drugs</div><div>b-attack of
hemidesmosomes</div><div>c-skin affected</div><div>d-oral cavity affected</div>
<div>e-conjunctivitis</div><div>f-blindness</div><div>g-genitalia involved</div>
<div>h-adults age 50-60</div> b, h
1390427498010 1384318139939 <div>name the pemphigous/pemphigoid condition:</
div><div><br /></div>intraepithelial <div><br /></div><div>subepithelial</d
iv><div><br /></div><div>subepidermal</div>
1) pemphigus <div><br /></d
iv><div>2) bullous pemphigoid</div><div><br /></div><div>3) BMMP</div>
1390427592196 1384318139939 when comparing Erosive Lichen Planus and BMMP wh
ich of these characteristics do they have in common:<div><br /></div><div>a-whit
e striae</div><div>b-middle aged and older adults</div><div>c-descuamative gingi
vitis</div><div>d-candidiasis</div><div>e-ocular mucosa</div><div>f-genital muco
sa</div>
b,c
ich of these characteristics are found <b><u>only</u></b> in Erosive Lichen Plan
us:<div><br /></div><div>a-white striae</div><div>b-middle aged and older adults
</div><div>c-descuamative gingivitis</div><div>d-candidiasis</div><div>e-ocular
mucosa</div><div>f-genital mucosa</div> a,d
ich of these characteristics are found <b><u>only</u></b> in BMMP:<div
><br /></div><div>a-white striae</div><div>b-middle aged and older adults</div><
div>c-descuamative gingivitis</div><div>d-candidiasis</div><div>e-ocular mucosa<
/div><div>f-genital mucosa</div>
e,f
1390428942028 1384318139939 when comparing Reiter syndrome and stevens-johns
on syndrome which characteristics listed are shared by both diseases:<div><br />
</div><div>a-young men</div><div>b-dysentery and veneral dz</div><div>c-hypersen
sitivity</div><div>d-conjunctivitis</div><div>e-urethritis</div><div>f-erythemat
ous papules</div><div>g-penis lesions</div><div>h-orla cavity ulcers</div><div>i
-target lessions</div> <div>a-young men</div><div>d-conjunctivitis</div><div>eurethritis</div><div>f-erythematous papules</div><div>g-penis lesions</div><div>
h-orla cavity ulcers</div><div><br /></div>
1394386004863 1390161073008 Designed to be an adjunct to traditional head an
d neck examination in patient populations at increased risk of oral cancer
ViziLite and ViziLite Plus
1394386017704 1390161073008 Uses chemiluminescent technology to detect suspi
cious lesions. ViziLite and ViziLite Plus
1394386041293 1390161073008 Uses essentially the same technology used to cli
nically detect cervical cancer and precursor lesions. ViziLite and ViziLite Pl
us
1394386055912 1390161073008 what would you use ViziLite and ViziLite Pl
us to detect
<ol><li>dysplastic and neoplastic cells, </li><li>cells wit
h hyperkeratosis</li><li>parakeratosis</li><li>chronic inflammation</li></ol>
1394386117930 1390161073008 ViziLite Technique:what does pt prerinse with?
1% acetic acid solution
1394386153783 1390161073008 VizLite: steps <div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-sp
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Patient prerinses with 1% acetic acid soluti

on.</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Act
ivate light and dim room lights.</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
"white-space:pre"> </span>Abnormal cells <b>reflect blue-white light</b>.</div><
div><br /></div>
1394386191668 1390161073008 If you identify lesions with ViziLite what shoul
d you do?
<div>a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan><b>Document</b> the clinical appearance and location, and if possible, photo
graph the lesion.</div><div><br /></div><div>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e="white-space:pre"> </span>If <b>trauma or inflammation cannot be ruled out</b>
, have the patient <b>return for re-evaluation in 7-14 days.</b></div><div><br /
></div><div>c)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>If th
e lesion <b>persists at re-evaluation, document it and note any deviations</b>.<
/div><div><br /></div><div>d)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span>If <b>not 100% certain the lesion is benign, biopsy</b> the lesion <b>
or refer the patient to a specialist</b> for further assessment.</div><div><br /
></div>
1394386264333 1390161073008 What is the difference between ViziLite and Vizi
Lite Plus?
Plus has TBlue 630 which will stain the suspicious lesion blue
1394386346609 1390161073008 when do you use ViziLite Plus? a)<span class="A
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>If the lesion is considered suspi
cious, especially if it is detected in a high risk site for oral cancer, apply t
he TBlue 630 oral lesion marking system.
1394386372235 1390161073008 ViziLite Plus: after you put TBlue 630 on it wha
t do you do?
<div>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan>Document the results and photograph the lesion if possible.</div><div><br />
</div><div>c)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>If not
100% certain the lesion is benign, regardless of the TBlue630 retention, biopsy
the lesion or refer the patient to a specialist for further assessment.</div><d
iv><br /></div>
1394386410999 1390161073008 what is the science like for ViziLite and ViziLi
te Plus?
1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>S
cience does not yet back up this technology for oral lesions.
1394386441574 1390161073008 what is a problem with ViziLite and ViziLit
e Plus 2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>There are
problems in finding lesion when patient is referred to oral surgeon for biopsy.
1394386465294 1390161073008 what should dentists who use ViziLite and V
iziLite Plus be prepared to do? a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Dentists who use this tool perhaps should be prepared to do the b
iopsy themselves!
</div><div>what system was used?</div> ViziLite Plus
1394387345823 1390161073008 How the BrushTest works:
<img src="paste6025839116886.jpg" />
1376971970967 1360692053906 What are the major factors in pathogenesis of ed
ema?
Hydrostatic pressure<div>Plama colloid osmotic pressure</div>
1376972157213 1360692053906 What are manifestations of right and left conges
tive heart failure?
right: generalized edema of skin and subcutaneous tissue
s<div>Left: pulmonary edema</div>
1376972322156 1360692053906 What are ways albumin synthesis can be decreased
?
Liver cirrhosis, failure<div>Malnutrition (Kwashiorkor)</div>
1376972457691 1360692053906 What are some causes of lymphatic obstruction?
Filariasis<div>Neoplastic obstruction</div><div>Destruction by surgery (lymphect
omy, mastectomy)</div>
1376972552472 1360692053906 What are clinical types of edema?
Anasarca
<div>Hydrothorax</div><div>Hydropericardium</div><div>Ascites (Hydroperitoneum)<
/div><div>Lymphedema</div><div>Pitting edema</div><div><br /></div>
1376972723174 1360692053906 What are examples of hyperemia? Blushing<div>Exe
rcise</div><div>Acute inflammation</div><div>Dental pulp</div>
1376972903632 1360692053906 What are pathologic effects of chronic passive c
ongestion on the lungs? pulmonary edema<div>Heart failure cells</div>

1376973002104 1360692053906 What are pathologic effects of chronic passive c
ongestion on the liver? hepatomegaly<div>nutmeg liver</div><div>cardiac sclerosi
s</div>
1376973236837 1360692053906 What are causes of hemorrhage? trauma<div>arter
ial sclerosis</div><div>neoplasms</div>
1376978815443 1360692053906 What is a bruise with bump that occurs with arte
ry rupture?
Hematoma
1376978854926 1360692053906 What is a flat bruise caused by ruptured veins?
Ecchymosis
1376978898884 1360692053906 What are pin point bruises from ruptured capilla
ries? Petechiae
1376978929250 1360692053906 What are irregular, multiple, spontaneous large
flat bruise by the medically compromised?
Purpura
1391246542064 1384318139939 Irritation Fibroma <div>reactive lession or
neoplasm?</div>
<div>reactive lession </div>
1391246630409 1384318139939 Traumatic Fibroma<div>reactive lession or neopla
sm?</div>
reactive lession
1391246656995 1384318139939 Epulis Fissuratum <div>reactive lession or
neoplasm?</div> reactive lession
1391246685888 1384318139939 Denture-Induced or Inflammatory Fibrous Hyperpla
sia, Denture Epulis<div>reactive lession or neoplasm?</div>
reactive lession
1391246703049 1384318139939 Giant Cell Fibroma <div>reactive lession or
neoplasm?</div>
reactive lession
1391246721397 1384318139939 Papillary Hyperplasia<div>reactive lession or ne
oplasm?</div> reactive lession
1391246737863 1384318139939 Inflammatory Papillary Hyperplasia, Palatal Papi
llomatosis<div>reactive lession or neoplasm?</div>
reactive lession
1391246755101 1384318139939 Pyogenic Granuloma <div>reactive lession or
neoplasm?</div>
reactive lession
1391246776452 1384318139939 Pregnancy Tumor<div>reactive lession or neoplasm
?</div> reactive lession
1391246794444 1384318139939 Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma <div>reacti
ve lession or neoplasm?</div> reactive lession
1391246994534 1384318139939 Peripheral (Ossifying) Fibroma <div>reactiv
e lession or neoplasm?</div>
reactive lession
1391247021792 1384318139939 Epulis Granulomatosa <div>reactive lession
or neoplasm?</div>
reactive lession
1391247042750 1384318139939 Lipoma <div>reactive lession or neoplasm?</
div>
neoplasm
1391247061875 1384318139939 Liposarcoma<div>reactive lession or neoplasm?</d
iv>
neoplasm
1391247078547 1384318139939 Neurolemmoma <div>reactive lession or neopl
asm?</div>
neoplasm
1391247098836 1384318139939 Schwannoma<div>reactive lession or neoplasm?</di
v>
neoplasm
1391247115930 1384318139939 Neurofibroma <div>reactive lession or neopl
asm?</div>
neoplasm
1391247135307 1384318139939 Multiple Neurofibromatosis<div>reactive lession
or neoplasm?</div>
neoplasm
1391247149757 1384318139939 Von Recklinghausens Disease of the Skin<div>react
ive lession or neoplasm?</div> neoplasm
1391247167491 1384318139939 Traumatic (Amputation) Neuroma <div>reactiv
e lession or neoplasm?</div>
neoplasm
1391247193316 1384318139939 Hemangioma <div>reactive lession or neoplas
m?</div>
neoplasm
1391247215212 1384318139939 Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia <div>
reactive lession or neoplasm?</div>
neoplasm
1391247259126 1384318139939 Rendu-Osler-Weber Disease<div>reactive lession o
r neoplasm?</div>
neoplasm
1391247272543 1384318139939 Sturge-Weber Syndrome <div>reactive lession

or neoplasm?</div>
neoplasm
1391247290250 1384318139939 Lymphangioma <div>reactive lession or neopl
asm?</div>
neoplasm
1391247305940 1384318139939 Congenital Granular Cell Epulis <div>reacti
ve lession or neoplasm?</div> neoplasm
1390884929487 1381262663025 what are the 5 basic functions of interim restor
ations? protective<div>esthetic</div><div>treatment</div><div>diagnostic</div><d
iv>stabilization</div><div>PE STD</div>
1390884975750 1381262663025 what are the 5 things protected?
protect
pulp<div>protect dentin</div><div>protect enamel margins</div><div>maintain ging
ivae</div><div>maintain tooth relationships</div>
1390885014513 1381262663025 this is a bad question, but what are the 3 parts
of esthetics? allow immediate replacement<div>existing teeth</div><div>meet es
thetic objectives</div>
1390885088437 1381262663025 what are the 2 ways interim restorations are a f
orm of treatment?
oral hygiene<div>matrix for medicaments (some interim re
storations have eugenol inside to soothe the pulp)</div>
1390885132479 1381262663025 what are the 7 ways interim restorations are dia
gnostic for the permanent restoration? parallelism (for easy placement/removal)
<div>occlusal scheme</div><div>VDO</div><div>phonetics</div><div>masticating eff
iciency</div><div>prognosis of questionable teeth</div><div>esthetic expectation
s</div><div><br /></div>
1390885229638 1381262663025 what are the 3 ways interim restorations stabili
ze?
prevents tooth movement<div>stabilizes mobile teeth</div><div>orthodonti
c anchorage</div>
1390885256535 1381262663025 T/F All desired objectives should be achieved wi
th the interim restorations before continuing with the final restoration.
True, duh
1388973975045 1381262663025 what is a bifid uvula uvula divided into 2 lob
es
1388974205252 1381262663025 NWD for bifid uvula
4,5
1388974229811 1381262663025 bifid uvula is more common in males or females
males
1388974256538 1381262663025 what can bifid uvula s be associated with
developmental abnormalities or syndromes
1388974286285 1381262663025 treatment for bifid uvula
none
1393024100714 1381262663025 gross countouring: after trying the crown into t
he working cast to determine contact accuracy and using articulating paper to ev
aluate excessive contacts, what two stones can be used to make adjustments?
Busch silent stone <div>green stone</div>
1393024169401 1381262663025 use articulating paper to evaluate occlusal cont
acts in ___ and ___ movements centric<div>eccentric</div>
1393024190067 1381262663025 refine anatomy with what three things? Busch si
lent stone<div>green stone</div><div>diamond burs</div>
1393024211568 1381262663025 after accentuating anatomy with diamond burs, wh
at is used to "survey" the surface anatomy to visualize contours and detailed an
atomy? .5 mm lead pencil
1393024237865 1381262663025 how are the lead pencil marks removed? burlew w
heel, then washed with liquid soap and ultrasonic
1393024289609 1381262663025 after "surveying" the surface anatomy, what is u
sed to check the glazed anatomy?
wet surface of porcelain with water to c
heck anatomy - gives a glazed appearance
1393024325925 1381262663025 what two things are used to ensure that no exces
s porcelain remains on the non-porcelain bearing surface?
green stones<div
>rubber wheels</div>
1391036012802 1384318139939 During an emergency what s the number we dial?
8333
1391036155561 1384318139939 How can we have someone paged on the overhead sp
eaker? dial 1616 on tan telephone and give the name to the operator
1391036236935 1384318139939 What 3 things do we need ready when we dial 8333

?
our locatioin<div>State the nature of the emergency</div><div>and be abl
e to identify yourself</div>
1391036434822 1384318139939 what are 2 parts to basic life support? Maintain
Airway<div>Call for help</div>
1391036507409 1384318139939 How long does someone continue basic life suppor
t for? Until the medical emergency team arrives
1391036570216 1384318139939 what reference information do we need to get for
the medical team?
Personal Health Information
1391036652262 1384318139939 What is the first thing that occurs after a need
le stick?
hands must be washed
1391036763309 1384318139939 Who are the 3 people to whom we report work rela
ted injuries that are non-emergency
Supervisor<div>clinic director</div><div
>instructor<br /><div><br /></div></div>
1391036852298 1384318139939 How long are supplies loaned out to students?
4 hrs
1391037073843 1384318139939 How much time after the "loan out time " expires
do we have to get instruments back to sterilization
30 minutes after
1391037167784 1384318139939 T/F - scalpel blades can be left on when returni
ng our hand instrument cassettes
False, Scalpel blades must be removed an
d disposed of properly
1391037256122 1384318139939 T/F - it s ok to have some debris on our burs be
cause it will get cleaned when it goes through sterilization. False, Visible d
ebris must be removed before sending off to sterilization
1391037354909 1384318139939 What are the 3 steps to sterilize our handpieces
?
WIpe the outside with disinfectant<div><br /></div><div>Run hand piece t
hrough the assistina midwest after each use</div><div><br /></div><div>Place han
dpiece cassettes in to sterilization</div>
1391037509853 1384318139939 What are the 5 things that go in our hand piece
cassettes?
High Speed<div>High Speed Adaptor</div><div>Low (straight) speed
</div><div>Contra-angle</div><div>low speed motor</div>
1391037573338 1384318139939 T/F - when taking radiographic images, retakes c
an only be taken with approval from attending faculty. True
1391037679937 1384318139939 T/F - when taking radiographs, patient consent m
ust be given in order to proceed
true
1391037826213 1384318139939 <div>At what point should I meet with a Financia
l Coordinator in the Patient Business offices?</div>
<div>When a treatment pl
an has been approved by faculty and patient has consented to treatment but befor
e treatment has started.</div><div><br /></div>
1391037912251 1384318139939 <div>At what point do I mention payment options?
</div><div></div> <div>After the student has given the patient a signed an
d printed treatment plan. Student should take the patient to their Financial Coo
rdinator prior to starting treatment to discuss payment options.</div><div></div
>
1391037941969 1384318139939 <div>What procedures would be acceptable to open
a payment plan?</div><div></div>
major procedures that require multiple v
isits
1391037981936 1384318139939 T/F - Granting credit to the patient is not
within the authority of the student.<div></div>
True
1391038034599 1384318139939 <div>What should I do when a cash patient brings m
e an insurance card?</div><div></div> The student should bring insurance infor
mation to the appropriate Financial &n
bsp; Coordinator in PBO.
1391038088389 1384318139939 <div>How is the right cassette distributed to a
student s mail box?</div><div></div>
<div>Through an appointment request trea
tment selected for that
appointment, which will then notify the sterilization depart
ment</div>
1391038170811 1384318139939 What is the patient family limit?
D3 stude
nts - 20 active patients<div>D4 students - 30 active patients</div>
1391038206249 1384318139939 What is televox?

a system which calls and
confirms appointments with your patients 2 days prior
1391038259772 1384318139939 What is the attendance policy for clinic?
-Pt. needs to be scheduled in axium<div>-Patients needs to check in at kiosk or
with coordinatory</div><div>-Obtain Start check from faculty</div><div>-patient
needs procedure code and note approved by faculty</div>
1391249342441 1384318139939 give me the The three Ps pyogenic granulo
ma, <div><br /></div><div>peripheral giant cell tumor, </div><div><br
/></div><div>peripheral (ossifying) fibroma</div>
1391255420835 1384318139939 Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy other
names <div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>pigm
ented ameloblastoma</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pr
e"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>melano
ameloblastoma</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>retinal anla
ge tumor</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>progonoma</div><d
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>probably of neural crest origin</
1394681039813 1384318139939 How many peds block are required to attend?
22 blocks
1394681335353 1384318139939 How many hours is one peds block?
4 hrs
1394681346955 1384318139939 T/F you are allowed to leave if you only have a
two hour appointment. False, we are required to stay the full 4 hours
at the end of th
1394681510445 1384318139939 When do we take our OSCE s?
e D3 year
1394681560173 1384318139939 What are the 2 PEDS competencies?
Restorat
ive Competency and Exam Competency
1394681625652 1384318139939 What can you do when you re not working on a pat
ient during your PEDS block?
Case studies<div>Observe SCD</div><div>Assist Ot
her Students</div><div>Observe Residents</div>
1394681699175 1384318139939 How many grades are given per PED block?
2<div>A grade is given for each 2hr patient</div>
1394681768751 1384318139939 T/F. We dont really need to worry about our grad
es being inputed into axium.
False, It is your our responsibility to obtain a
grade from the instructor
1394681845662 1384318139939 How many chances do you get to perform a procedu
re in PEDS clinic?
ONE!!!
1394681919091 1384318139939 How many days prior should you review your chart
s?
2 days
1394681963330 1384318139939 What needs to be done 2 days prior to your block
?
call in necessary prescriptions<div><br /></div><div>follow up on previo
us medical consults, consent</div>
1394682025849 1384318139939 What are the 3 things we need to know before goi
ng to PEDS block?
Radiographic guidlines<div>Tooth eruption sequences</div
><div>Maximum dose of anesthetic</div>
1394682252961 1384318139939 What are 4 things we need to bring to PEDS block
?
2 sets of handpieces<div>Perio Scalers</div><div>Protective Eyewear</div
><div>Pen</div>
1394682306099 1384318139939 What are 2 things that need to happen before wor
king on your little patient?
Present the case to the instructor<div><br /></d
iv><div>get a permission to proceed</div>
1394682519483 1384318139939 What is a "prep-check"? Keeping the instructor i
nformed of changes and concerns
1394682683773 1384318139939 Why is it important to walk out to the lobby wit
h your little patient and the parents? to establish raport with them and possib
ly schedule them to be your patient again the next time they come in
1394682870416 1384318139939 In PEDS clinic we have assistants that can lend
a hand, are they allowed to stay overtime?
no
1394682897091 1384318139939 What happens if we fail to obtain grades, signat

ures, and evaluations at the end of a treatment?
we will not get credit f
or that assignment?
1394683161194 1384318139939 what are the 4 categories that make up the gradi
ng criteria?
personal<div>process evaluation</div><div>tratment evaluation</d
iv><div>overall assessment</div>
1394683355704 1384318139939 T/F. Extractions are not permitted until you hav
e completed the OMFS course.
True
1394683692505 1384318139939 can a dental assistant help you with nitrous oxi
de?
yes, they are actually quite knowledgeable with it
1394683794283 1384318139939 what procedures are rare in the PEDS clinic?
Pulpotomies and Stainless Steel crowns
1394683862531 1384318139939 Where should you NOT fill out patient paperwork?
at the resident/faculty desk
1394683906038 1384318139939 you are working on a little boy, but his little
brother charlie is persistently trying to bite your finger, what can you do?
you can ask the parent to remove them
1394684023385 1384318139939 you are working on little Charlie because his pa
rents want his next youtube video to go viral again, they re constantly on your
case about how you re damaging little Charlie s chompers, what can you do?
nothing, parents are ALLOWED to stay
1394684140667 1384318139939 what vitals must be taken at every dental visit
for PEDS?
weight and BP
1394684210852 1384318139939 T/F. You should throw away a the nitrous nose ad
aptor after you re done with a patient who you will be seeing next week False. K
eep it the nose adaptor for the next appointment
1394684344761 1384318139939 who takes the Pano s in peds department?
the dental assistant
1391030267077 1384318139939 Which of the following is permitted in Clinic an
d/or Lab?<div>A) EATING</div><div>B) DRINKING WATER/SODA</div><div>C) SMOKING</d
iv><div>D)APPLYING COSMETICS</div><div>E)HANDLING CONTACT LENSE</div><div>F)NONE
OF THE ABOVE</div>
F) None of the Above
1391030635166 1384318139939 When would you wear a disposable gown? When wor
king on extracted teeth/tissue (human and/or animal)
1391030826622 1384318139939 Where should you NOT wear a disposable gown?
Outside of either clinic or lab
1391030875119 1384318139939 T/F - Our white lab coats can be worn while work
ing on biohazardous material up on the main clinic.
False, can be worn in la
b while we work on non-biohazard material
1391031144261 1384318139939 What does CDC stand for?
Center for Disea
se Control
1391031180740 1384318139939 What does OSHA stand for?
Occupational Saf
ety and Health Administration
1391031200732 1384318139939 What does FDA stand for?
Food and Drug Ad
ministration
1391031233664 1384318139939 What does EPA stand for?
Environmental Pr
otection Agency
1391031245993 1384318139939 T/F - Name badges can be worn hanging off a belt
loop. False. Badges must be worn above the waist in a visible area
1391031342525 1384318139939 What type of shoes are students/faculty allowed
to wear in lab or clinic?
Closed toed shoes
1391031462413 1384318139939 Can a patient go to the restroom with PPE s (per
sonal protection equipment) on? No, PPE s are to stay in work areas
1391031577590 1384318139939 Is food/drink allowed on clinic? What about lab?
No. And No
1391031621751 1384318139939 You see a D1 (could be a guy or girl) with flowi
ng and wavy long hair going up on clinic, what should you tell them?
To pull
their hair up and back
1391031791561 1384318139939 According to HIPAA, what does PHI stand for?
Protected Health Information
1391031866899 1384318139939 What type of information does Protected Health I

nformation (PHI) have? Information that identifies an individual
1391031956536 1384318139939 according to infection control regulations, ____
_______________ shall be practiced in the care of all patients. Standard precaut
ions
1391032056439 1384318139939 What are the elements of "standard/Universal pre
cautions"?
Handwashing<div>Proper PPEs</div><div>Clean/Sterile Patient Care
equipment</div><div>Clean Environmental surfaces</div><div>Injury Prevention</di
v>
1391032285679 1384318139939 T/F - a face mask previously used on patient #1
should be changed when seeing patient #2
True
1391032489090 1384318139939 Which of the following students is using their &
nbsp;face mask correctly?<div>A) A student with a mask on their chin<br /><div>B
) A student that has their mask under their nose</div></div><div>C) A student wi
th the white part of the mask showing</div><div>D) None of the students are usin
g the mask correctly</div>
D
1391032836375 1384318139939 Are gowns allowed to be worn while looking for D
r. Golden to sign off a project in the halls of the dental school?
No, gown
s are to be worn on clinic and/or lab only
1391033001169 1384318139939 When are funds for an extraction to be collected
? Why? -Prior to the extraction<div>-No blood or bodily fluids (saliva) at the
cashier window</div>
1391033091014 1384318139939 When and how should dental health care professio
nals (DHCP) wash their hands? DHCP s should THOROUGHLY wash their hands at the
beginning and end of each work day
1391033277452 1384318139939 T/F - Students can grab supplies from the clinic
window or supply shelves with gloves on.
FALSE. No gloves when getting su
pplies
1391033361007 1384318139939 What are the two Hazard signal words? Danger a
nd Warning
1391033500634 1384318139939 What technique do we use to recap dirty needles?
The Scoop Technique
1391033603827 1384318139939 What is the 3 step process for using caviwipes?
WIpe (to clean)<div>Discard</div><div>WIpe (disinfect)</div>
1391033780752 1384318139939 What instruments are considered to be critical i
nstruments?
explorer<div>scalpel blades</div><div>periodontal scalers</div><
div>surgical dental burs</div>
1391034019274 1384318139939 What instruments are considered to be semi-criti
cal instruments?
dental mouth mirror, amalgam condensor<div>dental handpi
eces</div>
1391034070510 1384318139939 what are the methods for sterilizing
critical and semi-critical instruments? autoclaving<div>chemical vapors</div><di
v>dry heat</div>
1391034197486 1384318139939 what method of sterilization is used to steriliz
e and disinfect hand pieces?
heat sterliization
1391034268930 1384318139939 out of all the clinical contact barriers, which
one is not single use? KEYBOARD BARRIERS
1391034399948 1384318139939 How often are sterilization devices verified usi
ng the biological indicator (Spore test)?
at least weekly
1391034542935 1384318139939 What will happen if you fail to clean your opera
tory space at the end of each session? It could result in a 3-day suspension of
clinic privileges
1391034700712 1384318139939 at the beginning of the work day, how long shoul
d the dental lines be flushed with water? What about between patients? clear li
nes for 2 minutes at the beginning of each work day.<div><br /></div><div>20 sec
onds between patients</div>
1394490710357 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled (28).png" /><div>This child,
affected by Hunter syndrome, shows radiolucencies associated with the crown of u
nerupted teeth. What kind of disorder is this?</div>
Mucopolysaccharidosis
1394491111898 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled2.png" /><div>These facial fea
tures are consistent with what kind of disorder?</div> Mucopolysaccharidosis (H

unter syndrome)
1394491233696 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled3.png" /><div>Yellowing of the
sclera is typically the first sign of what disease?</div>
Jaundice
1394491364331 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled4.png" /><div>This patient exh
ibits a firm, waxy nodular lesion in the periocular region, a finding that is ch
arasteristic of which condition?</div> Amyloidosis
1394491549434 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled5.png" /><div>Note the nodules
of the lateral tongue, some of which are ulcerated. This patient s disease was
the result of previously undiagnosed multiple myeloma. Which disease is this?</d
iv><div><br /></div><div>*BONUS QUESTION* (2 points!)</div><div>What type of amy
loid is associated with the primary and myeloma associated types of this disease
?</div> Amyloidosis<div><br /></div><div>*BONUS ANSWER*</div><div>AL type</div>
1394491843090 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled6.png" /><div>What is the name
of this condition, which causes rough and hyperpigmented skin, and what causes
it?</div>
Pellagra, caused by a deficiency of niacin
1394492452341 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled7.png" /><div>Here you can see
hemorrhagic gingival enlargement caused by capillary fragility. What disease le
d to this, and what is the cause of that disease?</div> Scurvy, caused by a defi
ciency of vitamin C
1394492453612 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled8.png" /><div>The angular chei
litis and bald tongue, as seen here, are common symptoms of which syndrome?</div
>
Plummer-Vinson syndrome
1394492746512 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled9.png" /><div>Diffuse papillar
y atrophy, otherwise known as bald tongue, is characteristic of which disease?</
div>
Plummer-Vinson syndrome
1394493984630 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled10.png" /><div>This ridiculous
ly cute girl was suffering from tissue edema due to which thyroid disorder?</div
>
Hypothyroidism
1394494252839 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled11.png" /><div>The unerupted,
yet fully developed permanent teeth seen in this radiograph point to which thyro
id disorder?</div>
Hypothyroidism
1394494474222 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled12.png" /><div>This case of ma
croglossia happens to be secondary to edema associated with a thyroid disorder.
Which one would it be?</div>
Adult hypothyroidism (myxedema)
1394494578775 1385745890648 <img src="Untitled13.png" /><div>Bug-eyes, or ex
ophthalmos, are characteristic of which thyroid disorder?</div> Hyperthyroidism
(Graves disease)
1394494748427 1385745890648 <img src="14.png" /><div>Enamel hypoplasia has a
ffected the dentition of this patient, who had what disease while their teeth we
re forming?</div><div><br /></div><div>*BONUS QUESTION* (3 points!)</div><div>Wh
ich sign can be used to diagnose this condition?</div> Hypoparathyroidism<div><
br /></div><div>*BONUS ANSWER*</div><div>The Chvostek sign</div>
1394495088662 1385745890648 <img src="15.png" /><div>The rounded facial feat
ures, or "moon facies", of this patient are due to the abnormal deposition of fa
t induced by excess corticosteroid hormone. Which disease causes this?</div>
Cushing s syndrome
1394495299926 1385745890648 <img src="16.png" /><div>Diffuse pigmentation of
the floor of the mouth and ventral tongue are caused by which disease?</div>
Addison s disease
1394495405442 1385745890648 <img src="17.png" /><div>This woman stopped taki
ng her hormone supplement and this led to diffuse, erythematous enlargement of t
he gingival tissues. After resuming her treatment, the gingival tissues improved
greatly. However, the inflammation caused severe periodontal bone loss and many
of her incisors had to be extracted. What disease does this woman have?</div>
Diabetes
1394495751835 1385745890648 <img src="18.png" /><div>This patient has a line
ar ulceration of the mandibular vestibule, which may precede the gastrointestina
l lesions that also accompany this disease. What disease is this?</div> Crohn s
disease
1394496641085 1385745890648 <img src="19.png" /><div>These characteristic le

sions, appearing as yellow-white pustules, are seen on the buccal mucosa in whic
h condition?</div>
Pysotomatitis vegetans
1394496956904 1385745890648 <img src="20.png" /><div>What condition is this?
The top picture shows characteristic "snail track" lesions and the bottom pictu
re shows the same patient after 5 days of prednisone therapy.</div><div><br /></
div><div>*BONUS QUESTION* (9,000 points!)</div><div>When first I appear, I seem
mysterious, but when Im explained, Im nothing serious. What am I?</div>
Pyostoma
titis vegetans<div><br /></div><div>*BONUS ANSWER*</div><div>A riddle</div>
1394320422630 1390161073008 Mucopolysaccharidoses tx (3)
1) bone marrow t
ransplant<div>2) enzyme replacement</div><div>3) hospital</div>
1394328842548 1390161073008 most common form of hyperthyroidism therapy in a
dults radioactive iodine (131)
1394328902756 1390161073008 2 drugs that block iodine uptake (propylt
hiouracil and methimazole)
1394329466294 1390161073008 Hypoparathyroidism treatment
<div> Vitamin-D p
recursor (ergocalciferol, Vitamin D2).</div><div> Dietary calcium</div><div> Terip
aratide</div>
1394329522483 1390161073008 <div>a recombinant form of the active component
of human parathormone, as a subcutaneous injections, this drug has also shown</d
iv><div>promise as an alternative management strategy for hypoparathyroidism.</d
iv>
Teriparatide,
1394330670864 1390161073008 Addisons Disease tx
Corticosteriod replaceme
nt therapy; 5 mg prednisone
1390883367435 1384318139939 <div>Oral areas that are keratinized</div><div>(
4)</div><div><br /></div>
<div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace: pre"> </span>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </
span>Hard palate</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;
"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>Gin
giva</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>3
)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>Alveolar mucosa
</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>4)<sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>Dorsal tongue</div>
1390883566811 1384318139939 name 3 important non-keratinized sites that are
at risk of Squamous cell carcinoma<div>-which are the <b>most common</b></div>
<div><b>1) Lateral tongue (most common)</b></div><div><b>2) LIP (most common)</b
></div><div>3) Floor of mouth </div>
1390884022385 1384318139939 areas involved in leukoedema (which is <b>most c
ommon</b>)
<b>1) buccal mucosa</b><div>2) floor of mouth</div>
1390885156298 1384318139939 Squamous Papilloma are found in which areas<div>
-which two areas account for 1/3 of all lessions</div> 1) tongue, <div>2)
lips, </div><div>3) buccal mucosa, </div><div>4) gingiva </div><d
iv>5) palate </div><div>-(<b>palate</b> and <b>uvula</b> account for 1/3 of
lesions)</div>
1390886345525 1384318139939 in which areas is Verruciform Xanthoma found?
<div>1) lower alveolar ridge, </div><div>2) palate, </div><div>3) floo
r of mouth, </div><div>4) lip, </div><div>5) genitalia</div><div><br /
></div>
1392243397281 1381262663025 porcelain forms a mechanical bond with metal by
___ ____
gripping irregularities<div><img src="paste-11888469475742.jpg"
/></div>
1392243468419 1381262663025 wetting is important, not sure what that means,
but with wetting, you should use what? special stones
1392243701527 1381262663025 after metal is oxidized and conditioned, how can
you avoid contaminating it?
dont touch it, use hemostat
1392243737306 1381262663025 what are the 3 steps of chemical bonding?
1. heating forms surface oxides (indium, tin, iron)<div>2. chemical bond forms b
etween metal, oxide, and porcelain</div><div>3. oxides enhance the wetting</div>
1392243804419 1381262663025 what are 2 additional bonding agents that were t
ried? ceramic material fused to metal before porcelain added<div><br /></div><
div>gold painted on metal and fired before porcelain added</div><div><br /></div

><div><i>oxide layer was still better than these two</i></div>
1392243866386 1381262663025 2 purposes for degassing (conditioning)?
removes hydrogen gas (prevents bubbles in porcelain)<div><br /></div><div>forms
oxide layer from base materials</div>
1392243903084 1381262663025 how many classifications of metal ceramic failur
es are there? 4 (I, II, III, V) <div><br /></div><div>IV and VI don t hap
pen</div>
1392244460735 1381262663025 where is type I metal ceramic failure seen?
seen in use of gold dispersion layer<div><img src="paste-16505559318669.jpg" /><
/div>
1392244532121 1381262663025 what does type II failure implicate?
contamin
ation of metal surface after degassing (from finger oil)<div><img src="paste-165
65688860810.jpg" /></div>
1392244558370 1381262663025 what does type III failure indicate?
bond is
stronger than the porcelain<div><img src="paste-16591458664617.jpg" /></div>
1392244579748 1381262663025 where is type V failure most likely to occur?
in base metal alloys bc oxide layer may become too thick. sandblasting of
base metal alloys after degassing can reduce this layer.<div><img src="paste-166
17228468380.jpg" /></div>
1392244793629 1381262663025 4 metal ceramic alloy requirements?
<div>1.
High fusing temperature (2000+ deg F)</div><div>2. Matching coefficients&nb
sp;of expansion</div><div>3. High yield strength, High elastic modulus</div
><div>4. Low creep at porcelain fusion temperature</div><div><br /></div>
1392244977272 1381262663025 7 noble metals? Gold<div>Rhodium</div><div>Osmiu
m</div><div>Palladium</div><div>Iridium</div><div>Ruthenium</div><div>Platinum</
div><div><br></div><div><i>Pro Grip</i></div>
1392245091028 1381262663025 noble metals are resistant to what 3 things?
oxidation<div>tarnish </div><div>corrosion</div><div><br /></div>
1392245130036 1381262663025 precious metals are scarce or ...
difficul
t to refine (high value)
1392245145461 1381262663025 what are the precious metals? Gold<div>Rhodium
</div><div>Osmium</div><div>Palladium</div><div>Iridium</div><div>Ruthenium</div
><div>Platinum</div><div><b>Silver</b></div>
1392245171182 1381262663025 which noble metal ceramic alloy is yellow, soft,
malleable, ductile, and the most reluctant of metals to oxidize in the oral env
ironment?
gold
1392245756866 1381262663025 which noble metal ceramic alloy raises the tempe
rature of fusion?
platinum palladium
1392245770085 1381262663025 which noble metal ceramic alloy are hardening el
ements? iron tin
1392245789246 1381262663025 which noble metal ceramic alloy promotes bonding
of porcelain to metal ceramic alloy by forming stable oxides? iron indium tin
1392245825039 1381262663025 which noble metal ceramic alloy is used in refin
ing grain size? iridium
1392245835592 1381262663025 which noble metal ceramic alloy will whiten the
alloy? silver palladium
1392245848652 1381262663025 which noble metal ceramic alloy is used in refin
ing grain size and for hardness?
copper (copper used to turn old generati
on alloys green, but new generations are unaffected)
1392245879936 1381262663025 3 advantages of base metal ceramic alloys?
higher yield strength<div>less creep</div><div>low cost</div>
1392245918058 1381262663025 disadvantages of base metal ceramic alloys?
some pts sensitive to nickel<div>Berrylium dust from grinding is toxic</div><div
>undependable casting precision</div>
1392245959134 1381262663025 what are the 4 steps after investment? Burnout
process<div>Casting process</div><div>Finish non-porcelain bearing areas</div><d
iv>Finish porcelain bearing areas</div>
1392246065664 1381262663025 if invested ring is set longer than 2-3 hours, w
hat do you do? keep moist in plastic bag
1392246078883 1381262663025 what do you do after removal of crucible former?

trim away excess investment level with the investing ring
1392246109018 1381262663025 what are the 2 steps of burnout for a gold-palla
dium alloy?
1. Place ring with sprue hole down into cold furnace.<div>2
. Oven at 1400 degrees F for 30 min. (Add 10 min. each additional ring)</di
v><div><br /></div>
1392246179622 1381262663025 whats the Y-Lite, Ivoclar Vivadent melting
range and casting temp?<div><br /></div>
<div>Melting range: 2100 2280 degrees F.</div><div>Casting temperature: 2380 -2485 degrees F.</div
><div><br /></div>
1392246283684 1381262663025 2 ways to heat crucible?
flame or oven
1392246319059 1381262663025 how many times do you wind a standard centrifuga
l casting?
3 turns (4 if non precious alloy)
1392246363962 1381262663025 what type of torch is used?
multi-orifice ti
p gas-oxygen torch
1392246395781 1381262663025 what kind of flame is bad?
acetylene bc ove
rheats and carbonizes metal
1392246425941 1381262663025 adjust flame so it is where?
so blue-white in
ner cones are 1/2 inch from the torch tip
1392246455890 1381262663025 where do you place your flame tip?
1/2 inch
from alloy
1392246475046 1381262663025 <div>Use ___ to remove investment from casting a
nd button. Protect margins.</div><div><br /></div>
sand blaster
1392246496256 1381262663025 <div>Use ____ to cut off sprue. Careful of
coping incisal!!!</div><div><br /></div>
carborundum separating disc (Joe
-Dandy)
1392246526496 1381262663025 <div>Use what 3 things to finish non porcelain b
earing surface?</div><div><br /></div> mounted stones, burs and rubber wheels
1392246580603 1381262663025 <div>Finish porcelain bearing surface with what
4 things?</div> <div>aluminum oxide stones, ceramic-bonded stones, diamond burs
or carbide burs.</div><div><br /></div>
1392246604590 1381262663025 <div>Thin gingival margin to a knife-like edge y
et still able to do what?</div><div><br /></div>
<div> provide suppo
rt for the porcelain.</div><div><br /></div>
1392246634566 1381262663025 <div>The desirable overall porcelain-bearing sur
face thickness is </div><div><br /></div> 0.3 mm. Measure twice, cut
once!
1392246652175 1381262663025 T/F Make exit angles at the porcelain-metal inte
rface crisp and sharp
True, idiot<div><img src="paste-14877766713650.j
pg" /></div>
1392246693497 1381262663025 <div>Retain ___ of all internal angles that were
originally placed during the wax-up stage.</div><div><br /></div>
roundnes
s
1392246707042 1381262663025 <div>Retain the ____ on the surface left by the m
edium to coarse grit of the appropriate stones/diamonds.</div><div><br /></
div>
striations
1392246722791 1381262663025 <div>Sandblast the surface again with ___</div><
div><br /></div>
50 micron non-recycled aluminum oxide.
1392246764010 1381262663025 <div>Clean casting for 5 minutes in </div><
div><br /></div>
distilled water in the ultrasonic cleaner.
1392246780183 1381262663025 when do you begin handling with only tweezers or
hemostat?
after cleaning the casting 5 minutes in distilled water in ultra
sonic
1393875952911 1390161073008 <div>- Represents 12-17% of submandibular gland
tumors and is the single most common malignant salivary gland tumor in the&
nbsp;submandibular glands.</div><div>- 50-60% occur in the minor salivary g
lands</div><div>- 2nd most common salivary gland tumor</div>
Adenoid Cystic C
arcinoma
1393876114256 1390161073008 Slowly-enlarging firm mass, 40-60 year old women
with facial paralysis Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
1393876180663 1390161073008 Typical cribriform pattern often called "Swiss c

heese" pattern. Small, uniform, deeply-staining cells resemble basal cells.
<div>Describes histology what what disease?</div><div><img src="paste-8667244003
866.jpg" /></div>
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
1393876326504 1390161073008 <div>Wide surgical excision</div><div>a) Perineu
ral invasion allows lesion to extend some distant from primary site</div><div>b)
Best prognosis comes form complete excision with first surgery</div><div><br />
</div><div>Treatment for what disease?</div>
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
1391626461470 1374198547816 Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor) occurs more
frequently in rigid, repressed individuals<div>T/F</div> T
1391626555516 1374198547816 Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor) occurs less
frequently in rigid, repressed individuals<div>T/F</div> F
1391626562414 1374198547816 <div>Signs, Symptoms and Duration</div><div><spa
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Prodromal itching and burning</div><div>
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Oval, discrete, circumscribed, shall
ow ulcers</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span
>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3 to 10 mm in di
ameter</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May have multiple l
esions but usually no more than 3 to 5 at a time</div><div><span class="Apple-ta
ite-space:pre"> </span>Red halo</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>6)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> <
/span>No vesicle</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>7)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Tender an
d painful to eating spicy foods</div><div><br /></div> Aphthous Stomatitis (Aph
thous Minor)
1391626591138 1374198547816 Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor) has a vessi
cle<div>T/F</div><div><br /></div><div>Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor) has
no lessions<div>T/F</div></div> F - no vessicle<div><br /></div><div>F - it has
lessions</div>
1391627508646 1374198547816 latest studies show no association to menstrual
cycle and Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor)<div>T/F</div>
T
1391627562593 1374198547816 latest studies shows an association to menstrual
cycle and Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor)<div>T/F</div>
F
1391628213113 1374198547816 <div>Patient may have as many as 100 lesions ave
raging 1 - 3 mm in diameter</div><div>Ulcers may heal within 7 - 10 days or can
last several weeks</div><div>Usually in young adult females</div><div>Some lesio
ns found on keratinized areas of mucosa</div><div>no history of fever</div>
Herpetiform Aphthous
1391628254736 1374198547816 Clinically, Herpetiform Aphthous may resem
ble primary herpes<div>T/F</div>
T
1391628290610 1374198547816 Etiologically, Herpetiform Aphthous may re
semble primary herpes<div>T/F</div>
F
1391628309525 1374198547816 Histologically, Herpetiform Aphthous may r
esemble primary herpes<div>T/F</div>
F
1391628320346 1374198547816 <div>Clinical Symptoms</div><div><span class="Ap
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Ulcers up to several cm in diameter</div><div><span
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May last up to 6 weeks</div><div><span cl
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May have scarring</div><div><span class="App
e="white-space:pre"> </span>May also have genital lesions</div><div><span class=
style="white-space:pre"> </span>Some patients may have recurring problems that l
ast up to 20 years</div><div>no fever with lessions</div>
Aphthous Major (
Sutton s Disease)
1391628402391 1374198547816 which of these conditions have genital lessions:
<div><br /></div><div>-Sutton s Disease</div><div>-HSV 1 </div><div>-HSV 2<
/div><div>-Candidiasis</div><div>-Syphilis</div><div><div>-Condyloma Acuminatum&
nbsp;</div></div><div><div>-Aphthous Stomatitis </div></div><div><div>-Gono
coccal Stomatitis</div></div><div><div>-Herpangina</div></div> <div><b>-Aphthou
s Major (Sutton s Disease)</b></div><div><b>-HSV 1 </b></div><div><b>-HSV 2
</b></div><div><b>-Candidiasis</b></div><div><b>-Syphilis</b></div><div><div><b>
-Condyloma Acuminatum </b></div></div><div><div>-Aphthous Stomatitis <
/div></div><div><div><b>-Gonococcal Stomatitis</b></div></div><div><div>-Herpang
ina</div></div>
1391644003182 1384318139939 herpes infection that usually affects face, lips
and oral cavity<div><br /></div><div>usually affects genital and skin of lower
body</div>
H.S.V. - type I, <div><br /></div><div>type II </div>
1391644940532 1384318139939 herpes infection of a person without circulating
antibodies is called
Primary herpetic stomatitis (herpetic gingivosto
matitis)
1391644996133 1384318139939 herpetic infection in a person who has antibodie
s is called... Recurrent (secondary) herpetic stomatitis
1391647160964 1384318139939 What happens to Vesicles in herpes simplex infec
tions they rupture to leave painful ragged ulcers
1391647233832 1384318139939 pharyngotonsilitis caused by the herpes virus is
characteristic of which age group:<div><br /></div><div>-infants</div><div>-chi
ldren</div><div>-adults</div><div>-elderly</div>
adults
1391647483523 1384318139939 how many times will Primary Acute Herpetic Gingi
vostomatitis recur
will not recur
1391647664174 1384318139939 <div>keratitis and corneal</div><div> <span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>ulcerations</div><div>wi
th "Ballooning degeneration"</div><div>and Lipshutz bodies (intranuclear in
clusions)</div><div><br /></div>
Herpetic conjunctivitis
1391651649350 1384318139939 <div>type of lession</div><div>preceded by burni
ng sensation 24 hours</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>then swelling (in clusters)</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span
" style="white-space:pre"> </span>then vesicles (1 mm in diameter)</div><div>-<s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>then ulcerates and ge
ts crusty</div><div><br /></div>
Recurrent Herpes Simpex
1391651740544 1384318139939 is there scar formation in Recurrent Herpes Simp
ex
no
1391652817686 1384318139939 <div>a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>Develop on mucosa bound to periosteum (hard palate and gingi
val)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>b)<s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Not usually seen conc
urrently with herpes labialis</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>c)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan>Consists of multiple small painful ulcers (may coalesce into a large ulcer)<
/div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>d)<span c
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Generally heal within 7 to
10 days</div><div><br /></div> Recurrent Intraoral Herpes Simplex
-space:pre"> </span>Common in D.D.S., D.H. and health workers</div><div>b)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Often found on fingers (p
rimary or secondary infection)</div><div><br /></div>
Herpetic Whitlow
(Inoculation Herpes Simplex)
1391653072556 1384318139939 Recurrence of this herpetic lession may occur al
ong with herpes labialis<div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Herpetic lession
not usually seen concurrently with herpes labialis</div>
Herpetic Whitlow
(Inoculation Herpes Simplex)<div>AND</div><div>Chickenpox (varicella)<br /><div
><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Recurrent Intraoral Herpes Simplex</div></div
>
1391653167239 1384318139939 <div>Chickenpox (Varicella)</div><div>Entry prob
ably by what route</div><div><br /></div>

respiratory tract
1391653702585 1384318139939 <div><div>Chickenpox (Varicella) </div><div
>will not have recurrence </div><div>T/F</div></div>
F
1391653706781 1384318139939 <div>Chickenpox (Varicella) </div><div>will
have recurrence </div><div>T/F</div>
T
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Maculopapular or vesicular eruption on skin<span cl
ass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div><div><span class="App
e="white-space:pre"> </span>Usually between ages of 5 and 9 years</div><div><spa
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Trunk and face usually first, then extre
mities</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Stages of erythema,
vesicle, pustule, and hardened crust</div><div><br /></div>
Chickenpox (Vari
cella)
1391653814787 1384318139939 does Chickenpox (Varicella) leave scars yes
1391653834464 1384318139939 which herpes lessions reccur
1) herpetic whit
low<div>2) Chickenpox (Varicella) </div>
1391654026680 1384318139939 diseases that leave scars
1) varicella<div
>2) syphilis</div><div>3) Aphthous Major (Sutton s Disease)</div><div>4) Ac
tinomycosis </div>
1391654128651 1384318139939 small vesicles on buccal mucosa, palate and ging
iva<div>acquired in childhood</div><div><div>Maculopapular or vesicular eruption
on skin<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div><div>
Usually between ages of 5 and 9 years</div><div>Trunk and face usually first, th
en extremities</div><div>Stages of erythema, vesicle, pustule, and hardened crus
t</div></div><div><br /></div> Chickenpox (Varicella)
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Adults</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style
"> </span>May follow trauma</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </spa
n>Fever, pain and tenderness along nerve, migraine headache, <span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>etc.</div><div><span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>Trunk often affected</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span"
ce:pre"> </span>Unilateral</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace:pre"> </span>6)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span
>Vesicular eruptions for 3 to 4 days and later become crusty</div><div><span cla
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May have postherpetic neuralgia lasting longe
r than one month (up to one year)</div><div><br /></div>
Herpes Zoster (S
hingles)
1391654427434 1384318139939 Herpes Zoster (Shingles) is related to which two
neoplasms
leukemia <div><br /></div><div>and </div><div><br /></
div><div>Hodgkin s disease</div>
1391654474481 1384318139939 lession with postherpetic neuralgia lasting long
er than one month (up to one year)<div>dz?</div>
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)

1391654606784 1384318139939 chickenpox is a primary or secondary disease?
primary
1391654636341 1384318139939 is herpes zoster a recurrent disease or not?
it is recurrent
1391654790080 1384318139939 facial paralysis, hearing deficits, vertigo<div>
fever, pain</div><div>in adults</div><div>unilateral lessions that follow facial
nerves</div> Ramsay Hunt Syndrome (a type of herpes zoster infection)
1391654928396 1384318139939 Infectious Mononucleosis transmited by what rout

e
intimate contact
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Lymphadenopathy, pharyngitis, hepatosplenomegaly, r
hinitis, <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>cough, etc
.</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Fatigue, malaise, fever<
/div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3)<span c
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Oral: petechiae on hard an
d soft palate in 25% of patients; <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>also possible ANUG</div><div><br /></div>
Infectious Monon
ucleosis
1391656549545 1384318139939 Herpangina, Aphthous Pharyngitis is transmitted
how
contact
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Often have sporadic outbreaks in U.S., usually summ
er</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Usually children</div><
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Mild and short duration (1 week)
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Sore throat, fever, heada
che, then small ulcers on hard and soft palate (and tongue)</div><div><span clas
" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Ulcers are preceded by small vesicles</div><di
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Heal within a few days</div><div><
br /></div>
Herpangina, Aphthous Pharyngitis
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Young children (5 months to 5 years)</div><div><spa
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Maculopopular, exanthematous and vesicul
ar lesions of the skin (particularly hands, feet, legs, etc.)</div><div><span cl
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Anorexia, low-grade fever, nausea, vomiting,
etc.</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Oral </div><div
><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>small, multiple vesicular lesions on
hard palate, tongue and buccal mucosa (also, lips and gingiva)</div><div><br />
</div> Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Onset - fever, malaise, conjunctivitis, photophobia
and eruptive lesions on skin and oral mucosa (rash)</div><div><span class="Appl
="white-space:pre"> </span>Begins on face - red macules and papules - rash lasts
five days</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </spa
n>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Oral</div><div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2 to 3 days before skin rash. spots o
n buccal mucosa (bluish-white specks surrounded by white margin)</div><div><br /
></div> Measles (Rubeola)
1391657131446 1384318139939 Koplik s spots seen in what condition Measles
(Rubeola)
1391657170438 1384318139939 areas on buccal mucosa (bluish-white specks surr
ounded by white margin) are called<div>-dz?</div>
Koplik s spots <div
>-measles (rubeola)</div>
-space:pre"> </span>Fever, headache, anorexia, mild conjunctivitis, pharyngitis,
cough, lymphadenopathy, etc.</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
pan>Exanthematous rash, first on face or neck, then to entire body</div><div><sp
ab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Oral lesions known as Forchheimers Sign
in 20% of cases</div><div><br /></div> Rubella (German Measles)
-space:pre"> </span>deafness (80%)</div><div>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e="white-space:pre"> </span>heart disease</div><div>c)<span class="Apple-tab-spa
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>cataracts</div><div><br /></div><div>Can caus
e fetal deaths</div>
Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS)
1391657327726 1384318139939 Forchheimers Sign dz? Rubella (German Measles)

le="white-space:pre"> </span>Solitary or multiple pinkish, sessile papules with
pebbled surface</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Average si
ze is 1.0 - 1.5 cm</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Usually
occur on non-keratinized area</div><div><br /></div> Condyloma Acuminatum (Ve
nereal Wart)
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Affects the young, debilitated persons, patients wi
th chronic disease and diabetics, etc.</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" st
yle="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:
pre"> </span>Also seen in the overuse of antibiotics</div><div><span class="Appl
="white-space:pre"> </span>Soft, white elevated plaques are seen and appear as "
milk curds"</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp
an>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>The plaques co
nsist of fungal hyphae</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Whe
n wiped off a bleeding surface is left</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" st
pre"> </span>Also can appear red </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" st
pre"> </span>May also involve skin, lung, and genital area</div><div><br /></div
>
Candidiasis (Moniliasis, "Thrush")
1391657922401 1384318139939 Lips - angular cheilosis - Perleche<div><br /></
div><div>dz?</div>
Candidiasis (Moniliasis, "Thrush")
1391657946107 1384318139939 atrophic candidiasis can apear as what color
red
1391658102096 1384318139939 <div>Types of Candidiasis (Moniliasis, "Thr
ush") </div><div><br /></div><div>name the four types he emphasized in clas
s</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>1)<spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Pseudomembranous candid
iasis</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Erythematous Candidi
asis (Atrophic) (Denture Stomatitis)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e"> </span>Median Rhomboid Glossitis</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e"> </span>Angular Cheilitis (Perleche)</div>
1391658255846 1384318139939 type of candidiasis that Appears as white plaque
s "curdled milk"
Pseudomembranous candidiasis
1391658280733 1384318139939 type of candidiasis often associated with antibi

otic therapy, use of steroids and immunosuppression
Pseudomembranous candidi
asis
-space:pre"> </span>Red macules and burning sensation</div><div><span class="App
le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" styl
e="white-space:pre"> </span>May see loss of filiform papillae of tongue</div>
Erythematous Candidiasis (Atrophic) (Denture Stomatitis)
1391658569676 1384318139939 candidiasis Seen after antibiotic therapy
-space:pre"> </span>Erythematous zone in posterior dorsal surface of tongue</div
><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>b)<span class
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Asymptomatic</div><div><span c
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>c)<span class="Apple-tab-s
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Loss of filiform papillae</div><div><br /><
/div> Median Rhomboid Glossitis
1391658690098 1384318139939 candidiasis with loss of filiform papillae
<div>1) Erythematous Candidiasis (Atrophic) (Denture Stomatitis)</div><div><br /
></div><div>2) Median Rhomboid Glossitis</div><div><br /></div>
-space:pre"> </span>Red, fissured area at corners of mouth</div><div><span class
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>Often seen in older persons</div><div><br /></d
iv>
Angular Cheilitis (Perleche)
1391658948296 1384318139939 In Histoplasmosis most people are symptomatic<di
v>T/F</div>
F
1391659156399 1384318139939 In Histoplasmosis most people are asymptomatic (
subclinical)<div>T/F</div>
T
1391659171166 1384318139939 <div>May present with chronic low-grade fever, p
roductive cough, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and lymphadenopathy</div><div>The in
fection can vary from being mild and only manifesting subcutaneous nodules to a
generalized form that can be fatal </div><div><br /></div><div>Oral symptom
s:<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may appear a nodu
lar, ulcerative lesion on buccal mucosa, gingiva, tongue, palate, lips</div><div
><br /></div> Histoplasmosis
1391659218673 1384318139939 Organisms have predilection for R.E. system
histoplasma capsulatum
1391659273795 1384318139939 <div>Histoplasmosis </div><div>Acute cases
may be self-limiting</div><div>T/F</div>
T
1391659298057 1384318139939 <div>Histoplasmosis </div><div>Chronic case
s may be self-limiting</div><div>T/F</div>
F
le="white-space:pre"> </span>May be seen in cutaneous or systemic form</div><div
le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Skin lesions begin as red papules w
hich decrease in size to form tiny miliary abscesses which discharge pus</div><d
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Systemic disease is characterized
by fever, weight loss, and lung involvement and a productive cough with symptom
s of T.B.</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span
>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Oral</div><div><
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>oral lesions resembl
e those of actinomycosis or squamous cell carcinoma</div><div><br /></div>
Blastomycosis
1391659401470 1384318139939 San Joaquin Valley Fever <div>is also known
as what dz</div>
Coccidiomycosis
1391659499518 1384318139939 <div>Coccidiomycosis </div><div><span class
style="white-space:pre"> </span>2 forms</div><div><br /></div> <div>a)<span cla

ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Primary non-disseminated for
m</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div><
div>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Disseminated
form</div><div><br /></div>
1391659534687 1384318139939 <div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>cough, suggestive of respiratory disease (flu-like illne
ss)</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>also
20 may develop skin lesions, either erythema nodosum or erythema multiforme<spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div><div>-<span class
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>self-limiting, 14 to 20 days</
div><div><br /></div> Primary non-disseminated form of Coccidiomycosis&nb
sp;
1391659578868 1384318139939 <div>Coccidiomycosis that</div><div>involves lun
gs, bones, joints, skin and CNS where meningitis is most frequent cause of death
</div><div><br /></div> Disseminated form
1391659685143 1384318139939 <div>Oral</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>proliferative granulomatous and ulcerative lesion (non-specific)<
/div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span cl
ass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>very chronic</div><div>sout
hwestern part of U.S.</div>
Coccidiomycosis
1391660325099 1384318139939 Superficial skin infection caused by strep pyoge
nes and staph
Impetigo
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Often seen in young children in epidemics</div><div
le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Occurs in areas of dermatitis, cuts
, trauma, etc.</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> <
/span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>First occur
s as fragile vesicles which then rupture to leave <span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>crusty areas often occurring around mouth</div><d
iv><br /></div> Impetigo
1391660505044 1384318139939 <div>Severe pharyngitis and tonsillitis</div><di
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Headache, chills and fever</div><d
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Enlarged cervical lymph nodes</di
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>red skin rash on 2nd or 3rd d
ay</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>7)<spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Development of glomerul
onephritis or rheumatic fever a concern</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" s
:pre"> </span>Oral</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>get stom
atitis</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>red and congested mu
cosa</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>"strawberry tongue" fo
llowed by "raspberry tongue"</div><div><br /></div>
Scarlet Fever
1391660557260 1384318139939 "strawberry tongue" followed by "raspberry tongu
e"<div>dz?</div>
Scarlet Fever
1391660640933 1384318139939 <div>Syphilis </div><div>method of transmis
sion</div>
Transmitted from man to man only
1391660666017 1384318139939 <div>Syphilis is a </div><div>venereal dise
ase </div><div>T/F</div> T
1391660694568 1384318139939 <div>Syphilis </div><div>can be transferred
from intraoral manipulations</div><div>T/F</div><div><br /></div>
T
1391660729131 1384318139939 <div>Syphilis </div><div>cannot be transfer

red from intraoral manipulations</div><div>T/F</div>
F
1391660740152 1384318139939 Syphilis Lesions are infectious in which stages
primary and secondary stages
1391662295278 1384318139939 <div>Secondary stage</div><div>oral lesions are
called </div><div><br /></div>
mucous patches
1391662409012 1384318139939 why are mucous patches so important to know abou
t?
important because may be only sign of secondary syphilis
1391662444097 1384318139939 are mucous patches contagious? highly
1391662469660 1384318139939 <div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>occurs six weeks after primary lesion</div><div><span class="
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" st
yle="white-space:pre"> </span>begins 8 to 20 weeks after original contact</div><
div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="A
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may get generalized erythematous
rash (maculopapular eruption) on trunk and limbs, less on face (can be mild)</di
v><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may start with mild fever, hoa
rseness and dysphagia</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:
pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>tonsi
ls inflamed and swollen; reddening of soft palate, <span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>but not hard palate</div><div><span class="Apple
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="
white-space:pre"> </span>also may have wart-like growth on genital area, called
condyloma lata</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> <
/span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>lesions unde
rgo spontaneous remission within a few weeks</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-sp
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace:pre"> </span>exacerbation may continue to occur for months or years</div><d
iv><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="Ap
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>oral</div><div><span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="w
hite-space:pre"> </span>oral lesions are called mucous patches (these are multip
le, painless, grayish-white plaques on ulcerated surface)</div><div><span class=
"Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>may appear anywhere on oral mucosa</div><div><spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>are important because may be only sign</d
iv><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span clas
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>lesion highly contagious</div
><div><br /></div>
Secondary stage syphilis
1391662505475 1384318139939 <div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>lession occurs at inoculation site after three weeks incubati
on period</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span
>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may appear on lip
s, tip of tongue, tonsils, gingiva, etc.</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>painless, hard, brownish-red, round to oval nodule that is ulcerat
ed over nearly its entire surface; ulcer base is shiny and appears smooth, "clea
r-looking"</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </spa
n>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>when on tongue,
usually at tip</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> <
/span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>when on lip,
usually a crusty lesion</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>fo
und on middle of lip (upper more common than lower)</div><div><span class="Apple
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="
white-space:pre"> </span>in the serous exudate the organisms can be demonstrated
by darkfield microscope</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span> h
eals in several weeks (3 weeks to 2 months)</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></d

iv>
Primary stage - chancre = syphilis
1391662777335 1384318139939 risk of syphilitic glossitis
precancerous
1391664065572 1384318139939 lession in which you see a narrow, yellowish, sh
iny zone surrounding the vermilion border at birth
Generalized syphilis of
the prenatal to neonatal period
1391664165623 1384318139939 narrow, yellowish, shiny zone surrounding the ve
rmilion border at birth<div>later get cracking and healing with resulting scars
(called Rhagades)</div> Generalized syphilis of the prenatal to neonatal period&
nbsp;
1391664212987 1384318139939 Rhagades are seen in which dz? Generalized syph
ilis of the prenatal to neonatal period
1391664235755 1384318139939 snuffles are seen in which dz? Generalized syph
ilis of the prenatal to neonatal period
1391664274399 1384318139939 reddening and swelling of nostrils and adjacent
portions of the upper lip with purulent bad-smelling nasal discharge - may lead
to necrosis of nasal septum and get saddle nose<div>has a specific name, what is
it?</div>
syphilitic rhinitis ("snuffles")
1391664318939 1384318139939 name the classic Hutchinson triad -
1) dental abnormalities - <div>2) eighth nerve deafness </div><div>3)
interstitial keratitis</div>
1391664354936 1384318139939 dental changes of congenital syphilis are only i
n permanent teeth and those that begin to calcify first year of life (what teeth
are mentioned in the notes that fit these criteria)
maxillary incisors
<div><br /></div><div>and </div><div><br /></div><div>first molars</div>
1391664557549 1384318139939 "screw-driver" shape of anterior (notched incisa
l edge and "mulberry molar") refer to which condition Late congenital syphilis
1391664577499 1384318139939 classic Hutchinson triad has to do with what dz?
Late congenital syphilis
1391664605275 1384318139939 <div>Lips may develop painful ulcerations</div><
div>Gingiva may become erythematous</div><div>Tongue may show red, dry ulceratio
ns or become glazed and swollen with painful ulcerations</div> Gonococcal Stoma
titis
1391664789812 1384318139939 <div>Tongue, tonsils, posterior aspect of mouth<
/div><div>Usually a painful ulcer, but may also be red nodular or papillary lesi
on (especially if gingival lesion)</div><div>May also involve jaw bones</div><di
v><br /></div> Tuberculosis
1391664907895 1384318139939 A rapidly progressive infection by a normal oral
flora which has become pathogenic in an immune compromised individual Noma&nbs
p;
le="white-space:pre"> </span>May arise in children 2 - 10 years of age</div><div
le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May begin as ANUG</div><div><span c
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Appears as areas of necrosis that can exten
d deep into tissue</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Can be
very destructive</div><div><br /></div> Noma
-space:pre"> </span>Is a common inhabitant of oral cavity</div><div><span class=
style="white-space:pre"> </span>May enter through wound, such as after a tooth e
xtraction, <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>etc.</di
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Organisms may stay in soft ti
ssue or enter bone and then cause swelling and abscesses liberating pus containi
ng "sulfur granules"</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:p
re"> </span>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Skin
around is red - may heal over, but again may perforate the skin</div><div><span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>6)<span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May scar</div><div><span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>7)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>Infection of soft tissues may involve mandible (less common
ly maxilla)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp
an>8)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Once bone invo
lved, destruction may be extensive</div><div><br /></div>
Actinomycosis&nb
sp;<br>A. isrealii
1391665161683 1384318139939 sulfur granules<div><br /></div><div>dz?</div>
Actinomycosis
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Start as small papule or vesicle at site of scratch
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Then 1 to 3 weeks later,
get lymphadenitis</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"
> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May last
many months</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Self-limiting
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Diagnosis often hard to e
stablish</div><div><br /></div> Cat Scratch
1391665199780 1384318139939 only population that gets primary herpes again
the immunocompromised
1391665362454 1384318139939 is condyloma sesile or papillary?
both!
1391665534671 1384318139939 candida types seen in denture wearers 1)
Erythematous Candidiasis (Atrophic) (Denture Stomatitis)<div><br /></div><div>2)
Angular Cheilitis (Perleche)</div>
1391665575425 1384318139939 dz adquired from pidgeon droppings
histopla
smosis
1391665651065 1384318139939 honey colored crust = like cornflakes glued to f
ace<div>dz?</div>
Impetigo
1391665697782 1384318139939 <div>edema</div><div>elongated uvula</div><div>d
iffuse petechiae</div><div>these complex of symtoms have a name</div><div>-part
of what major dz</div> stomatitis scarlatina<div>-scarlet fever</div>
1391665742437 1384318139939 <div>the primary lession in syphilis = a n
onpainfull , clear looking ulcer</div><div><br /></div><div>can be a crusty less
ion on the lip</div>
chancre
1391665789170 1384318139939 the oral lession in 2nd syphilis
oral muc
ous patch
1391665816084 1384318139939 "the great mimicker"<div><br /></div><div>dz?</d
iv>
syphilis
1391665840498 1384318139939 punched out ulcer = a granulomatous inflamation
= can penetrate right through the palate<div>name that ulcer</div><div>-from wha
t condition</div>
gumma <div>-tertiary syphilis</div>
1391665880055 1384318139939 shuffle walking because you loose proprioception
<div>from what type of infection with oral manifestation</div><div>-name this ne
urologic manifestation</div>
tertiary syphilis<div>-tabes dorsalis</div>
1391665936027 1384318139939 "screwdriver" centrals dz
late congenital
syphilis
1391666004107 1384318139939 big predisposing factor in Noma<div>-what does i
t look like clinically</div>
malnutrition<div>-big ass hole in the side of th
e face</div>
1391666050633 1384318139939 lumpy jaw dz
actinomycosis
1391666075162 1384318139939 oral condition that appears after a dental proce
dure is done, such as a tooth extraction
actinomycosis
1391666114126 1384318139939 if you see drainage from the mandibular area thi
nk of what lession
actinomycosis
1391662108605 1384318139939 What are the 4 goals of the Oral Diagnosis clini
c?
-Pts. get a high quality examination, with abnormalities identified<div>
-To assure that as students, we collect information outside that which is gather
ed on forms</div><div>-Insuring students are progressing appropriately in clinic
</div><div>-Assisting students in completing evaluations in a timely manner</div
>
1391662383991 1384318139939 When would a limited evaluation be indicated?
When a patient has an immediate need which needs to be assessed urgently
1391662480929 1384318139939 What type of patients fall under the category of
a periodic evalution? LLUSD patients of record (pts which have been previously
treated)
1391662560863 1384318139939 a patient undergoing a periodic evaluation quali
fies as such during what time frame?
6 - 12 months
1391662743655 1384318139939 What is the time frame in which the next complex
oral eval can be administered? there is no time frame
1391662799300 1384318139939 Which patients will undergo a comprehensive oral
evaluation?
New patients at LLUSD
1391662860721 1384318139939 What does a COE assess? The patient s overall he
alth and oral health
1391662917943 1384318139939 what needs to be addressed during a COE?
Patient s NEEDS
1391662938874 1384318139939 What codes need to be inputed during a COE?
D0149<div>D0149.1 - Perio Dx</div><div>D0149.2 - Diag complexity</div><div>D0150
Comp Oral Eval</div><div>D0150.3 PAF approval</div>
1391663054985 1384318139939 why do we have the code D0149.1 ?
Perio Dx
.
1391663102552 1384318139939 Why do we have code D0149.2?
Diagnostic Compl
exity
1391663133373 1384318139939 Why do we have code D0150?
Comp Oral Eval
1391663156700 1384318139939 What is the code D0150.3 used for?
PAF Appr
oval
1391663194177 1384318139939 Who approves D0149.1? Perio instructors
1391663250518 1384318139939 T/F - Perio instructors review health history an
d Perio charting only. False, Perio charting only
1391663299924 1384318139939 T/F - Oral Diagnosis instructors review all part
s of the patients EHR except Treatment Plan. True
1391663362514 1384318139939 What forms (codes) do Oral Diagnosis instructors
approve?
D0149 and D0149.2
1391663436910 1384318139939 When a professor is going through the patient s
Electronic Health Record, what is this called? Diagnostic Review
1391663484594 1384318139939 Who goes over the treatment plan?
Primary
Attending Faculty
1391663516922 1384318139939 What codes do our primary attending faculty appr
ove?
D0150 and D0150.3
1391663574969 1384318139939 What forms must be completed before Diagnostic R
eview for all patients? -Health History and medications (all SOAPed)<div>-Vital
signs recorded</div><div>-Dental History</div><div>-Ext head neck exam</div><div
>-TMD/Endo/Occl</div><div>-Odontogram</div><div>-Problem list/SOAPS</div><div>-D
iagnosis list</div>
1391663771148 1384318139939 How many instructors are involved with the compr
ehensive oral evaluation?
3.<div>Perio Instructor</div><div>Oral Diagnosis
Instructor</div><div>Primary Attending Faculty</div>
1391663849310 1384318139939 When vital signs are abnormally high or low, wha
t should students do? Retake vitals at least 15 minutes after first try on the
opposite side
1391663993891 1384318139939 When would is a med consult required?? <div>A)
If a patient is a poor historian</div><div><br /></div><div>B) There is a condit
ion that appears uncontrolled</div><div><br /></div><div>C) There is evidence of
a new, undiagnosed condition</div><div><br /></div><div>D)You need additional i
nformation such as lab results</div><div><br /></div><div>E) All of the above</d
iv><div></div>
1391664134297 1384318139939 Suppose you encounter a patient that wishes to s

top smoking, what form would you add in Tx History?
D1320 - Tobacco Counseli
ng
1391664248645 1384318139939 suppose we have 5 teeth with positive responses
to endo screening. How many forms will we need to fill out?
5. One f
orm for each tooth of concern.
1391664476310 1384318139939 suppose we have 5 teeth with positive responses
to endo screening. Can the 5 teeth be soaped together? No. Each tooth should be
SOAPed separately
1391664534285 1384318139939 In a SOAP for endo screening, what are 2 importa
nt things which are needed?
ASSESSMENT and PLAN
1391664592200 1384318139939 You are assigned a patient with Anteriors in per
fect condition but with edentulous posteriors. Do you articulate the study casts
for this patient?
NO.<div><div>Articulator mounted is not required if ther
e are not enough posterior teeth remaining to articulate them</div></div>
1391664745934 1384318139939 T/F - Caries Risk Assessment is not required for
all patients. False, it IS required for ALL patients
1391664882520 1384318139939 What are the codes for Caries susceptibility tes
ts?
D0425
1391664950754 1384318139939 When is a caries susceptibility testing required
for a patient? When the patient is:<div>Extreme</div><div><br /></div><div>High
</div><div><br /></div><div>or Intermediate</div>
1391664985810 1384318139939 Who do we go to if there is a need for additiona
l Radiographs? Oral Diagnosis or Primary Attending Faculty
1391665122769 1384318139939 Suppose you recieve a set of radiographs which d
o not help you with the diagnosis of tooth # 19, what should you do?
Get addi
tional radiographs which will give you the diagnostic information needed for #19
1391665307940 1384318139939 What are 2 things needed before a TMD/Facial Pai
n Consult?
TMD Consult Exam paperwork<div>and</div><div>Panoramic Radiograp
h</div>
1391665401877 1384318139939 Before we call for Oral Path Consults, what must
be done?
The condition must be SOAPed
1391665501810 1384318139939 T/F - When we do Oral Path Consults the faculty
will tell us what it is and what to do with it FALSE, they will not tell us wha
t it is and what to do with it<div><br /></div><div>they will review the finding
s and treatment plan and approving</div>
1391665673582 1384318139939 What is the purpose of the Treatment Complete Ex
am?
<div>To insure that all treatment provided to the patient is acceptable<
/div>
1391665707729 1384318139939 What is the purpose of the treatment complete ex
am?
<div>-To insure that all treatment provided to the patient is acceptable
</div><div>-To insure that no new pathology is present</div><div>-To insure that
no pathology was missed in the Comp Oral or Periodic Evaluations</div><div>-To
determine if the patient wants to be placed in the Continuing Care Program</div>
<div>-To give the student practice in checking outcomes including did my treatme
nt turn out the way I had hoped?</div><div>-This is part of the LLUSD Quality Co
ntrol Program for which the school is assessed at accreditation to be sure that
our patients are treated well</div><div></div>
1391665826920 1384318139939 Which faculty members can complete a treatment c
omplete exam? Oral Diagnosis Instructors
1391665990956 1384318139939 In the D2/D3 year how many Adult comp Oral Evals
are needed?
15
1391666110529 1384318139939 In the D2/D3 year how many Radiology FMX techniq
ue competencies are required? 4
1391666141187 1384318139939 In the D2/D3 year how many Radiology interpretat
ion competency examinations are needed? 1
1391666174465 1384318139939 In the D4 year how many additional Adult Oral Ev
als are required?
10
1391666244976 1384318139939 In the D4 year how many additional Radiology FMX
Competencies are needed?
2
1391666271136 1384318139939 In the D4 year how many additional Radiology FMX

Technique Competency examinations needed?
2
1391666320392 1384318139939 In the D4 year how many radiology interepretatio
n competencies needed? 1
1391666358971 1384318139939 what 2 additional requirements are needed in the
D4 year which are not done in the D2/D3 year? Mucosal Biopsy Case(Entailing a
Biopsy conference and Biopsy Paper)<div>and</div><div>Oral Pathology Mock Board
Exam</div>
1392087145022 1384318139939 Who is the Chair of the Restorative Department?<
div>A) Dr. Tan<div>B) Dr. Golden</div><div>C) Dr. Forde</div><div>D) Dr. Estey</
div></div>
<div>C) Dr. Forde</div><div><br /></div><div>(If he asks a quest
ion regarding who s in charge of what in the resto dept. just think about what t
he different professors teach)</div><div><br /></div><div>A) Dr. Tan (Operative
Dentistry)<div>B) Dr. Golden (fixed prosth)</div><div>C) Dr. Forde</div><div>D)
Dr. Estey (Removable Prosth)</div></div>
1392087369117 1384318139939 How many Study club sessions are we required to
have? 6 sessions
1392087485804 1384318139939 In terms of removable prothodontics, what are th
e requirements for complete dentures (CD) and 3 cast removable partial dentures
(RPD)? 4 CD<div>3 RPD</div>
1392087566019 1384318139939 How many indirect casting procedures are we requ
ired to do?
20 Single Indirect Procedures
1392087663265 1384318139939 who schedules clinical comptency examinations ba
sed on patient availability and availability of examination times?
You, the
student
1392087787837 1384318139939 Who takes part in the study club?
Faculty
and peers
1392087949695 1384318139939 What is the purpose of a study club?
-Provide
s a peer learning environment<div>-Advanced operative procedures</div><div>-Adva
nced prepartions for castings</div><div>-Licensure type procedures</div>
1392088060012 1384318139939 When do we begin study club?
Summer of our D4
year
1392088092787 1384318139939 Out of the 6 patients that we are to do study cl
ub sessions, how many of them have to be on patients? How many can be on m
anikins?
2 patients minimum<div>4 manikins maximum</div>
1392088207366 1384318139939 How many mock board examinations do students tak
e?
6
1392088276005 1384318139939 When are the 6 different mock boards administere
d?
D2 - Spring<div><br /></div><div>D3 - Fall</div><div>D3 - Spring</div><d
iv><br /></div><div>D4 - Summer</div><div>D4 - Fall</div><div>D4 - WREB-Q Winter
</div>
1392088353196 1384318139939 Why do we take OSCE s next spring?
Success
with the OSCE s grants us clinic privileges
1392088548470 1384318139939 How many different types of preps will do in our
D2 OSCE s?
Class III composite prep<div><br /></div><div>Class II Amalgam p
reps (two teeth will be prepared, of the two only one will be filled with amalga
m)</div><div><br /></div>
1392089083118 1384318139939 T/F - Our D3 fall mock board exams will comprise
of sets of examinations and will be done on patients. False, mock boards in th
e fall of D3 year will be done on manikins
1392089287008 1384318139939 What will our D3 Fall mock boards comprise of?
Class II composite, Prep and fill (manikin)<div><br /></div><div>Indirect restor
ative preparation</div><div>-posterior abutment: full gold crown prep</div><div>
-anterior abutment: metal ceramic prep</div><div>-Anterior tooth metal ceramic c
rown</div>
1392089580193 1384318139939 The D3 spring mock board exam will comprise of w
hat 2 procedures?
Class II amalgam prep and fills (manikins)<div><br /></d
iv><div>Indirect restorative preparation (manikins)</div><div><div> Fixed Dental
Prosthesis Preps</div><div>- Posterior abutment full gold prep</div><div>- Anter
ior abutment metal ceramic prep</div></div>
1392089787265 1384318139939 When will we begin to work on a patient for our

mock boards?
D4 summer mock boards (only one of the procedures will be done o
n a patient
1392089858800 1384318139939 What 2 procedures will be done in our D4 summer
mock boards?
Class II Amalgam, prep and fill<div><br /></div><div>Class II co
mposite, prep and fill</div><div>(one of these WILL be done on a patient)</div>
1392090007996 1384318139939 What are the 3 procedures completed for our D4 F
all Mock Board? -Class II amalgam (patient<div>-Class III or IV (patient)</div><
div>-Indirect Restorative Preparations (manikin)</div><div><div> Fixed Dental Pro
sthesis</div><div> Posterior abutment full gold prep</div><div> Anterior abutment
metal ceramic prep</div><div> Anterior All-Ceramic Crown Prep</div><div> Anterior
Veneer Prep</div></div>
1392090298702 1384318139939 When doing competency examinations, who picks up
the tab?<div>A) the school</div><div>B) the student</div><div>C) your attending
</div><div>D) the patient</div> D) the patient
1392090386688 1384318139939 True/False - comptencies are performed on a mani
kin
False, theyre done on patients
1392090465172 1384318139939 True/False - When doing competencies, you are al
lowed to have an assistant.
False, NO DENTAL ASSISTANTS ALLOWED
1392090520528 1384318139939 Why would a 3rd examiner be brought in to evalua
te a competency?<div>A) To make the meaner examiner look like a jerk</div><div>B
) So that the first 2 examiners can show off your awesome prep skills</div><div>
C) To settle grading disagreements between the first 2 examiners.</div><div>D) Y
C) To settle grading disagreements betwe
ou re just that special...</div>
en the first 2 examiners.
1392090747066 1384318139939 what are the 5 competency requirements? <div><br
/></div><div>-Completed forms</div><div>-Patient models present</div><div>-Curr
ent radiograph available (< 6 months)</div><div>-Faculty approval</div><div>Final Grading</div>
1392091070197 1384318139939 When getting faculty approval for a competency,
what needs to be done in terms of faculty approval?
<div>-Inform both grader
s</div><div>-Review Health History</div><div>-Review procedure qualifications</d
iv><div>-Faculty signature and start check</div>
1392091214020 1384318139939 What time is final grading for competencies?
11:30 am - for morning appointments 4:30 pm - for afternoon appointments
1392091384186 1384318139939 What are the 3 clinical competency examinations?
<div> Cusp Replacement (Complex) Amalgam </div><div> Full Coverage Gold Crown
Preparation</div><div> Metal Ceramic Preparation</div>
1392091663255 1384318139939 where do we go to sign up for clinical competenc
y exams?
restorative department with Barbara Samuel. At the same time, ge
t some candy!
1392091742914 1384318139939 when doing the complex amalgam what two things a
re evaluated? your prep and restoration
1392091806615 1384318139939 How long do you have to complete the complex ama
lgam competency?
1 clinic session (4 hours)
1392091838801 1384318139939 How many sessions do you have to finish a full c
overage gold crown competency? 2 clinic sessions<div>-prep (4 hrs)</div><div>-c
ementation (2 hrs)</div>
1392092043672 1384318139939 in the preparation portion of the full coverage
gold crown competency, what 3 things that must done?
finished prep<div>finish
ed temporary</div><div>Impression</div>
1392092133925 1384318139939 during the cementation process of the full cover
age gold crown competency what are the 4 things that must be taken care of befor
e sending the patient home?
-Make sure the crown fits<div>-Occlusion has bee
n addressed</div><div>-Closed inter-proximal contact</div><div>-Cementation</div
>
1392092242879 1384318139939 how many clinic sessions do you have to finish t
he metal ceramic crown competency?
2 clinic sessions<div>-preparation (4 ho
urs)</div><div>-cementation (2 hours)</div><div><br /></div><div>the different t
asks performed at each visit are the same as those of a full gold crown competen
cy</div>
1392092513834 1384318139939 T/F - While here at the dental school, all lab w
ork must be done by the student False<div><br /><div>the following work is done
by the lab:</div><div>-complete crowns and ceramic crowns</div><div>-metal ceram
ic crowns and survey crowns</div></div><div>-FDP s, Veneers</div><div>-implant i
mpressions</div>
1392092941620 1384318139939 special cases to other labs must be approved by
who?
Dr. Forde
1392092965174 1384318139939 when do we consult our primaries or other instru
ctors when working on diagnostics?
-when there are 5 or more castings<div>ALL FDP s and RPD s</div><div>-Class III Perio with FDP/RPD</div><div>-Change in
VDO</div><div>-Any symptomatic TMD</div>
1392093237209 1384318139939 T/F - All previous restorations and bases will b
e removed unless it was placed in our clinic for the purpose of a crown buildup
True
1392094086159 1384318139939 What are the requirements needed for preparation
s?
-Conservative<div>-Guide cuts</div><div>-Supra gingival margins</div><di
v>-Be prepared</div>
1392094569390 1384318139939 You are taking an impression because tooth numbe
r 3 needs a crown. However your impression is missing the impression registratio
n of the left side, why is this not acceptable? Full arch impressions are needed
1392094719953 1384318139939 when making models and dies for anteriors, what
are the 2 required criteria?
anterior units require:<div><br /></div><div>adj
ustable articulator</div><div>Custom incisal guide table</div>
1392094991492 1384318139939 when submitting our models and dies to the lab,
who marks the die margins?<div>A) Dr. Mitchell</div><div>B) Your Primary</div><d
iv>C) Faculty in the lab</div><div>D) Students</div>
D) Students
1392095182381 1384318139939 why dont we apply die spacer on die models?
It s built in by the scanner software
1392095333044 1384318139939 Who checks a wax up prior to investing? it is ch
ecked by primary attending faculty
1392095374135 1384318139939 what are the 3 types of cement we have availabe
to us? zinc phosphate cement<div>ketac cem (glass ionomer)</div><div>Rely x lut
ing plus (resin modified glass ionomer)</div>
1393126915769 1384318139939 What is Endodontics?
<div>The area of dentist
ry dealing with the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases of the pulp
and associated periradicular tissues.</div><div></div>
1393126982441 1384318139939 what are 3 types of pulpal irritants? Bacteria
l, Mechanical, Chemical
1393127042291 1384318139939 What age is mechanical trauma most likely to occ
ur?
ages 7-14
1393127063242 1384318139939 How would you whiten a necrotic tooth which has
a reddish/amber color? When you re doing endo, you will bleach the tooth from t
he inside
1393127192736 1384318139939 Which teeth is most exaggerated in the manner it
fractures?
Premolars
1393127272897 1384318139939 What are the 3 endodontic treatment goals?
Eliminate pain<div>Tx of inflammation/infection</div><div>Maintain natural denti
tion</div>
1393127316777 1384318139939 What percentage of dental pain is pulpal in orig
in?<div>A) 20%</div><div>B) 40%</div><div>C) 50%</div><div>D) 80%</div> D
1393127408860 1384318139939 What are the 4 steps to endo tx?
-Diagnos
is and tx planning<div>-Biomechanical cleaning and shaping of pulp space</div><d
iv>-filling of pulp space</div><div>-evaluations of tx success</div>
1393127498102 1384318139939 How much time does it take to determine if wheth
er or not endo treatment was a success or not? 6-12 mos
1393127540482 1384318139939 What is the biggest obstacle that the endo depar
tment must overcome?
procedures are very primitive
1393127605273 1384318139939 What are the top 4 tests used to check the pulp
status of a tooth?
Percussion<div>Biting Pressure</div><div>Perio Probing</
div><div>Cold test</div>
1393127671180 1384318139939 What is a type of endo material that is used whe
n taking radiographs? Guttapercha
1393127701284 1384318139939 T/F - Normal pulp responds to cold but not EPT
False, responds to both cold and EPT
1393127771696 1384318139939 Why would you use EPT on an older patient istead
of using a cold test? because they are more likely to feel EPT shock compared
to being unable to feel the cold which they have probably been accustomed to all
their life
1393127841641 1384318139939 What is an etiological factor for reversible pul
pitis? a D2 cavity
1393127904491 1384318139939 When performing a cold test on a patient with Re
versible pulpitis, what is the type of response we would expect?
An exagg
erated cold response but does not linger
1393127956276 1384318139939 T/F - a positive cold test can also indicate tha
t a patient will respond an EPT
1393128022937 1384318139939 What is an unreliable test to perform? heat tes
t
1393128050536 1384318139939 When performing a cold test for a tooth with irr
eversible pulpitis, what would you expect to see? What else would the patient ex
perience?
pain to cold that lingers<div><br /></div><div>spontaneous inter
mittent pain and constant pain</div>
1393128128866 1384318139939 Do analgesics work on a patient that shows signs
and symptoms of irreversible pulpitis? No they do not, inflammation/infection c
ancel out the effects of analgesics
1393128190308 1384318139939 When performing any type of tests on necrotic pu
lp, would you expect to get a response? What does a patient feel?
No, no r
esponses are expected<div><br /></div><div>Patients might feel spontaneous, inte
rmittent, or constant pain</div>
1393128296499 1384318139939 You request an endo consult, however when they f
inally do come to see you you realize you forgot to do something very important.
..what did you forget to do?
vitality testing on the tooth in question and th
e adjacent teeth
1393128440253 1384318139939 Can one say that probing for endo is a lot like
probing for perio?
The type of probing is NOT the same, when probing for en
do probe really small increments.
1393128572834 1384318139939 how many endo courses do we take while here at L
LUSD? <div>1 - D2 spring</div><div>1 - D3 fall</div><div>1 - D4 summer</div><d
iv>------------------------</div><div>3 courses</div><div><br /></div>
1393128664838 1384318139939 How soon can we complete endo clinic initiation?
What is another requirement needed?
after completing endo after D2 spring qt
r.<div><br /></div><div>Clinic Orientation is another requirement</div>
1393120407952 1384318139939 What are the 3 periodontal courses needed to per
form clinical periodontal procedures on patients?
Peri 705, Peri 741, Peri
742L
1393120587980 1384318139939 What is the extension number for the Perio dept.
?
44643
1393120635328 1384318139939 How does the Perio department plan to prepare it
s students?
to recognize and diagnose different perio dz as a general dentis
<div><br /></div><div>and provide adequate therapeutic procedures to treat perio
dz. </div>
1393120937904 1384318139939 Which year do we take the course peri 875? How m
any quarters does it take?
D4<div><br /></div><div>4 quarter (Su, Fa, Wi, S
p)</div>
1393121282332 1384318139939 when taking peri 875, what components determine
competency scores <div><br /></div><div>productivit
a student s grade?
y of successfully completing perio procedures</div>
1393121382844 1384318139939 how many units is PERI 875?
7.5 units
1393121401989 1384318139939 What are the 4 criteria that must be met when pa
ssing from D3 to D4?
<div> D3 Periodontal Diagnosis Competency</div><div> D3 Or
al Hygiene Competency</div><div> D3 Clinical Scaling and Root Planing Competency<

/div><div> Completion of a minimum of 10 sextants/quadrants of Scaling and Root P
laning</div><div><br /></div>
1393121570831 1384318139939 What is the criteria which needs to be met in or
der to take WREB s or any other clinic licensure exam? -Completing and passing
the perio portion of the WREB Mock Exam<div><br /></div><div>and</div><div>-D3 C
linical Scaling and Root Planing Competency</div><div>-Two (2) Periodontal Patie
nts treated to completion (Diagnosis to Reevaluation)</div><div>-Completion of 1
5 sextants/quadrants of Scaling and Root Planing</div>
1393121682406 1384318139939 What is the MINIMUM criteria for graduation in t
he Perio department?
<div> 4 Periodontal Patients treated to completion (Diagn
osis to Reevaluation)</div><div> D3 Oral Hygiene Competency</div><div> D3 Periodon
tal Diagnosis Competency</div><div> D4 Periodontal Management and Outcomes Assess
ment Competency</div><div> D3 and D4 Clinical Scaling and Root Planing Competency
</div><div> Completion of 20 sextants/quadrants of Scaling and Root Planing</div>
<div> Completion of 20 Maintenance or Prophy procedures</div><div> 3 (three) compl
eted surgery assists in the Graduate Periodontics Clinic</div><div> Attend the Pe
riodontal Practice Seminar</div><div><br /></div>
1393121850161 1384318139939 What are the general course objectives that the
perio department has established? There are 12 but list 3...( i wanna say that h
e will say list at least 3 )
-Describe the anatomical features of periodontiu
m both in a diseased state and in a healthy state.<div><div>-understand and reco
gnize when you need to refer a patient out</div></div><div>-describe the epidemi
ology and etiology of Perio Dz.</div><div><br /></div>
1393122405893 1384318139939 how does one acquire the knowledge and skill to
pass this course?
<b>completion</b> of required clinical periodontal proce
dures<div><br /></div><div><b>demonstration of competence</b> when performing su
ch learned procedures</div>
1393122869655 1384318139939 What are the clinical procedures we will practic
e and learn?
Think of the procedures we have done thus far while in school:<d
iv>-Perio Diagnosis</div><div>-OHI</div><div>-SRP</div><div>-Prophy</div><div>-P
erio risk assessment</div><div><br /></div><div>Things we have not learned yet:<
/div><div>-Interim evals or re-evals of initial therapy</div><div>-Perio surgery
assist</div>
1393123035711 1384318139939 Where can one see information about the differen
t perio axium codes?
Appendix 1 (pg XX)
1393123150404 1384318139939 Why are our perio procedures evaluated by perio
faculty?
it helps us learn from mistakes made and gain clinical skills to
demonstrate competency
1393123327792 1384318139939 What are the 3 competencies which are demonstrat
ed the D3 year? D3 Perio Diagnosis Examination<div>D3 Oral Hygiene Competency Ex
amination</div><div>D3 Root Planing Competency Examination</div>
1393123406415 1384318139939 What are the 3 competencies which are demonstrat
ed the D4 year? <div>-D4 Periodontal Management and Outcomes Assessment Competen
cy Examinations</div><div>-D4 Root Planing Competency Examination (there s one a
lso D4)</div><div>-D4 WREB Qualifying Examination (Periodontal Clinical Portion)
</div><div><br /></div>
1393123489765 1384318139939 How do you earn credit for perio procedures?
successfully complete procedures which are <b>ENTERED IN AXIUM AS "COMPLETED" AN
D "SUFFICIENT TX"</b>
1393123601227 1384318139939 Where can you see the listing of all perio proce
dures for which we can earn credit for? Appendix 2 (pg XX)
1393123635394 1384318139939 what happens when a student gets an unsatisfacto
ry performance from a perio procedure? -the faculty will point out the mistakes
in the procedure.<div><br /></div><div>-performance is graded as "Deficient Tx"
</div><div><br /></div><div>-No points will be earned</div><div><br /></div><div
>-A report of deficiencies will be made and placed in your file</div>
1393123877011 1384318139939 what is the procedure for perio competencies?
1) <b>Original paper competency form</b> is filled out with Perio Faculty signat
ure<div>2) Must be<b> turned in to Perio Dept</b></div><div>3) Codes for <b>clin
ical procedure</b> and <b>competency</b> must be recorded in AXIUM tx hx tab</di

v>
1393124196133 1384318139939 Where do you check the status of the completed c
ompetencies?
Axium --> Personal Planner --> Production Detail pg
1393124309068 1384318139939 What happens when the perio protocols are not fo
llowed? -It will result in credit denial for procedure<div>-A report of violatio
ns will be made</div><div>-Incident report will be submitted</div><div>-Appropri
ate action will be taken</div>
1393125009122 1384318139939 when is it acceptable to have tx that is "out of
sequence"?
deviation of tx plan has been expressly <b>noted in progress not
es</b>...<b>THIS IS SIGNED OFF BY PERIO FACULTY</b>
1393125131467 1384318139939 <div><u><i>Addressing the LLUSD competencies in
this course: </i></u></div>T/F - <b>Critical Thinking</b>: Perform cli
nical decision-making that is supported by foundational knowledge and evidence-b
ased rationales True
1393125340419 1384318139939 <div><i><u>Addressing the LLUSD competencies in
this course: </u></i></div><div>T/F - <b>Diversity:</b> Function as a
follower in a multicultural work environment and manage a diverse patient popula
tion.</div>
False. Function as a <b>LEADER....</b>
this course: </u></i></div><div>T/F -<b> Personal and Professional Bal
ance:</b> Understand the importance of maintaining physical, emotional, financia
l, and spiritual health in one s personal life.</div> True
this course:</u></i> </div><div>T/F - <b>Patient Management:</b> Apply beha
vioral and communication skills in the provision of patient care.</div> True
this course:</u></i> </div><div>T/F - <b>Ethics:</b> Apply ethical principl
es to personal life</div> False, ....professional practice AND personal li
fe
1393125660473 1384318139939 <div>Addressing the LLUSD competencies in this c
ourse: </div><div>T/F - <b>Examination of Patients:</b> Conduct a comp
rehensive examination to evaluate the general</div><div>and oral health of patie
nts of all ages within the scope of general dentistry.</div>
True
ourse: </div><div>T/F - <b>Diagnosis:</b> Determine a diagnosis by int
erpreting and correlating findings from patient s health history.</div> False, f
indings from the EXAMINATION
ourse: </div><div>T/F - <b>Treatment Planning:</b> Develop a comprehen
sive treatment plan and treatment alternatives.</div>
True
ourse: </div><div>T/F - Management of Pain and Anxiety: Manage pain an
d anxiety with hugs and kisses.</div> FALSE, ...with pharmacologic and<di
v>non-pharmacologic methods.</div>
ourse: </div><div>T/F - <b>Emergency Treatment:</b> Manage dental emer
gencies and medical emergencies that may</div><div>be encountered in dental prac
tice.</div>
True
ourse: </div><div>T/F - <b>Health Promotion and Maintenance:</b> Provi
de enough preventive and/or treatment</div><div>regimens for patients with vario
us dental carious states using appropriate medical and</div><div>surgical treatm
ents.</div>
False, Provide APPROPRIATE preventative and/or treatment regimen
s.....
ourse: </div><div>T/F - <b>Assessment of Treatment Outcomes</b>: Analy
ze the outcomes of patient treatment once to improve the treatment.</div>
False, Analyze <b>CONTINUOUSLY</b> the outcomes of patient treatm
ent to improve the treatment.

ourse: </div><div>T/F -<b> Treatment of Periodontal Disease: </b>Evalu
ate and manage the treatment of gingivitis.</div>
False, ....the treatment
of <b>PERIODONTAL DISEASE</b>
ourse: </div><div>T/F - <b>Management of Pathologic Changes:</b> Recog
nize and manage pathologic changes in the</div><div>tissues of the oral cavity a
nd of the head and neck area.</div>
True
ourse: </div><div>T/F - <b>Management of Occlusal Instability: </b>Rec
ognize and manage problems related to the</div><div>occlusal instability.</div>
False, occlusal <b>STABILITY</b>
ourse: </div><div>T/F - <b>Assessment and Management of Maxillary and
Mandibular Skeletodental </b><b>Discrepancies:</b> Assess and manage maxill
ary and mandibular skeletodental similarities--including space maintenance, as r
epresented in the early, mixed and permanent dentitions..</div> False, Assess an
d manage maxillary and mandibular skeletodental <b>DISCREPENCIES....</b>
ourse: </div><div>T/F -<b> Restoration and Replacement of Teeth</b>: M
anage the restoration of individual teeth and the replacement of missing teeth,
for proper form, function and esthetics.</div><div><br /></div>
1391247739892 1384318139939 Define epulis - on the gum "gingiva"
1391248457789 1384318139939 Epulis Fissuratum Differential diagnosis squamous cell carcinoma <div><br /></div><div>or </div><div><br /></di
v><div>denture sore</div>
1391249788555 1384318139939 pregnancy tumor is also known as
Pyogenic Granuloma
1391253054300 1384318139939 DIOSCOPY definition
WHEN YOU PRESS ON A LESS
ION AND IT BLANCHES
1391283734656 1384318139939 local AIDS factor that is a<span class="Apple-ta
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Common side effect of antiretroviral med
ications
Xerostomia
1391284298824 1384318139939 Oral Candidiasis is a common oral infection amon
g the general population, not just those harboring HIV<div>T/F</div>
T
1391284335485 1384318139939 While oral Candidiasis is not a common oral infe
ction among the general population, it is a common condision amongst those harbo
ring HIV<div>T/F</div> F
1391284521224 1384318139939 which systemic disease that is not AIDS related
particularly predisposes to oral Candidiasis
diabetes mellitus
1391284775339 1384318139939 <div>In Candidiasis incidence of </div><div
>Diffuse or patchy erythema pattern is increasing or decreasing?</div><div><br /
></div> increasing
1391286663866 1384318139939 Oral lesions are common in patients with HIV ass
ociated lymphoma.<div>T/F</div><div><br /></div><div>are oral lymphomas common i
n HIV pts?</div><div><br /></div>
T<div><br /></div><div>no! = but if an H
IV pt gets lymphoma then the most likely thing is that it will be in the mouth</
div>
1391289702819 1384318139939 <div>which of these viral infections are rare in
HIV pts?</div><div>a.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp
an>Herpes Simplex Type I </div><div>b. Herpes Simplex Type II</div><div>c.<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Herpes Zoster</div><
div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Cytomegalovir
us</div><div><br /></div>
<div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space: pre"> </span>Cytomegalovirus</div><div><br /></div>
1391289902256 1384318139939 Oral lesions caused by HPV are common or uncommo
n in the general population
not uncommon = so common<div><br /></div><div>..
.why dont you just say that Dr. Richards! "COMMON"!!! come on! its less words. m
ore time efficient!! i dont understand...seriously!!!</div>
e:pre"> </span>Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is (common or uncommon) in the gene

ral population? common
1393872965112 1390161073008 What is the most common malignant salivary gland
tumor? Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma
1393873259595 1390161073008 What is the most common parotid malignancy?
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma
1393873304237 1390161073008 <div>What salivary gland disease is described be
low:</div><div><br /></div><div>This tumor may behave in a benign, locally aggre
ssive (low-grade malignant), or high-grade malignant fashion.</div>
Mucoepid
ermoid Carcinoma
1393873560804 1390161073008 <div>Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma</div><div>1) Most
common of the malignant salivary gland tumor.</div><div>2) X% major gland tumors
.</div><div>3) X% minor gland tumors.</div>
<div>1) Most common of the malig
nant salivary gland tumor.</div><div>2) <b>10%</b> major gland tumors.</div><div
>3) <b>15-23%</b> minor gland tumors.</div>
1393873648327 1390161073008 T/F Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma is the most common
malignant salivary gland tumor in children.
NO, only in adults. Peak inciden
ce age is 20-40
1393873798682 1390161073008 <div>Disease?</div><div>1) Presents as painless,
slow-growing mass that is firm or hard.</div><div>2) May be movable or fixed.</
div><div>3) Most appear clinically as mixed tumors.</div>
Mucoepidermoid C
arcinoma
1393873850066 1390161073008 What are the most important histological feature
s of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma? (2)<div><img src="paste-5553392714268.jpg" /
><br /><div><img src="paste-5527622910478.jpg" /></div><div><img src="paste-5540
507812376.jpg" /></div></div> 1. This tumor is characterized by infiltrating i
slands and strands of epithelium; squamous (epidermoid) cells, mucus-secreting c
ells and intermediate cells.<div>2. Tumor is NOT encapsulated.</div>
1393874034570 1390161073008 Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma treatment constists of
surgical excision with fine margin of normal tissue. Radiation should be used si
nce it s the most common malignancy of salivary glands. <div><br /></div><d
iv>A. First statement true, second statement false</div><div>B. First statement
false, second statment true</div><div>C. Both statments true</div><div>D. Both s
tatments false</div>
D. Both statments false<div>Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma tre
atment constists of surgical excision with <b>AMPLE</b> <i>(remember it s i
nfiltrative) </i>margin of normal tissue.</div><div>Radiation should be reserved
for <b>high-grade tumors</b>. <i>(it s also only an adjuctive treatment)</i></d
iv>
1393874506419 1390161073008 Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma s prognosis? <div>1)
Generally good prognosis for low-grade tumors; 90-98% cured.</div><div>2) Genera
lly poor prognosis for high-grade tumors; only 30-54%</div><div>
survival.</div>
1393872065532 1390161073008 Canalicular Adenoma is what kind of lesion and w
here is it mostly found?
Benign minor salivary with significant predilect
ion of the Upper lip (75%)
1393872573183 1390161073008 What is the age and gender predilection for&nbsp
;Canalicular Adenoma? More common over 60, more common in females
1393872689833 1390161073008 <div>What disease?</div><div><br /></div>- Prese
nts clinically as a slow growing, well-circumscribed, submucosal mobile mass. Th
ey may be firm to fluctuant, pink to bluish.<div>- Presents histologically as tu
mors show long cords or strands of epithelial cells arranged in double rows to f
orm a "party wall" pattern.</div>
Canalicular Adenoma
1393872782540 1390161073008 Canalicular Adenoma Histology (3)
- Long c
ords or strands of epithelial cells arranged in double rows to form a "party wal
l" pattern<div>- May have cystic spaces</div><div>- Has loose fibrous strom
a and usually has a fibrous capsule</div><div><img src="paste-4230542787094.jpg"
/></div>
1394065738177 1390161073008 What is the single most common sign of salivary
gland disease swelling
1394065768097 1390161073008 what are the 2 most common types of s/s with sal
ivary gland dz swelling and pain<div>(swelling more common)</div>
1394065817652 1390161073008 can you have pain without swelling in salivary d

z?
yes
1394065842433 1390161073008 Pain and swelling may be signs of:
<ol><li>
infection</li><li>obstruction</li><li>neoplasm</li></ol>
1394065867973 1390161073008 which is more common to cause pain and swelling
for salivary gland dz. Infection, obstruction, or neoplasm?
Obstruction.<div
><br /></div><div>So when you are thinking of these dz, think of somethign that
is blocking first</div>
1394065921000 1390161073008 list the 5 common s/s with salivary gland dz<div
>(probably in order)</div>
<ol><li>Swelling</li><li>Pain</li><li>Xerostomia
(dry mouth)</li><li>Taste Abnormalities</li><li>Sialorrhea (excessive salivatio
n)</li></ol>
1394065992887 1390161073008 4 basic causes of xerostomia
<div>a.<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Problem at <b>salivary cente
r</b></div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>P
roblem at <b>autonomic outflow</b> pathway</div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-sp
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Reduced salivary gland function due to <b>or
ganic disease</b></div><div>d.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pr
e"> </span>Alterations in <b>fluid and electrolyte balance</b></div><div><br /><
/div>
1394066085199 1390161073008 what typically causes taste abnormalities? what
are they?
pus-producing inflammation<div><br /></div><div>(Bad taste or sa
lty taste)</div>
1394066451905 1390161073008 what 2 things have we learned about so far that
could produce a salty taste?
Pus-producing infection<div>Nasopalatine duct cy
st</div>
1394066496884 1390161073008 if you have a metallic taste what could it be fr
om?
metabolic issue like kidney dz
1394066532488 1390161073008 Excessive Salivation (Sialorrhea) as a s/s from
salivary gland dz May be related to: <div><ol><li>Higher CNS pathways or sali
vary center</li><li>Local reflex secretion stimulation</li><li>Acute inflammatio
n of oral cavity</li><ol><li>Herpes infection</li><li>Recurrent aphthous stomati
tis</li></ol><li>Psychiatric and neurological disease</li><li>Cystic fibrosis</l
i><li>Mercury poisoning</li></ol></div><div><br /></div>
1394066628887 1390161073008 what are 2 examples of acute inflammation of ora
l cavity that can produce sialorrhea
<ol><li>Herpes infection</li><li>Recurre
nt aphthous stomatitis</li></ol>Notice that they are very similiar .....
1394066689476 1390161073008 how common is sialorrhea as a s/s for salivary g
land dz very uncommon
1394066723021 1390161073008 which is more common to see in salivary glad dz<
div>xerostomia or sialorrhea?</div>
xerostomia
1393875023755 1390161073008 Malignant Mixed Tumors are classified in se
veral different ways (3)
1. Carcinoma-ex-mixed tumor<div>2. Car
cinosarcoma This form is very rare</div><div>3. Metastasizing mixed tumor rare</div>
1393875351500 1390161073008 Carcinoma-ex-mixed tumor<div><br /></div><div>Wh
at is the etiology of this malignant mixed tumor?</div> <div>a) Malignant transf
ormation occurring in a previously benign mixed tumor</div><div>b) Has iden
tifiable remnants of benign tumor</div>
1393875460910 1390161073008 <div>Carcinosarcoma</div><div><br /></div><div>W
hat is the etiology of this malignant mixed tumor?</div>
<div><div>a) Tru
e malignant mixed tumor where the tumor is composed of both a malignant epitheli
al component and malignant mesenchymal component.</div><div>b) Arises de novo wi
th carcinoma and sarcoma components</div></div>
1393875496697 1390161073008 <div>Metastasizing mixed tumor</div><div><br /><
/div><div>What is the etiology of this malignant mixed tumor?</div>
A histol
ogically benign mixed tumor that metastasizes
1393875649716 1390161073008 <div>Metastasizing mixed tumors show malign
ant transformation that is heralded by ....</div><div>- Occur mostly in what gla
nd?</div>
sudden rapid growth<div>- Most occur in the parotid gland.<
/div>
1393875889005 1390161073008 Metastasizing mixed tumors are treated how?<div>
- What is its recurrence?</div> <div>Radical surgical excision usually with neck
dissection.</div><div>- Tumor tends to recur and metastasize to regional lymph
nodes and lungs.</div>
1393871061577 1390161073008 Warthin Tumor is also known as what?
Papillar
y Cystadenoma Lymphomatosum
1393871346968 1390161073008 A benign tumor with epithelial cystic structures
surrounded by a lymphoid stroma.<div>(Represents about 5-14% of all parotid tum
ors)</div>
Warthin Tumor
1393871386374 1390161073008 T/F Warthin Tumor is often found bilaterally in
patients.
False. Warthin Tumor only bilateral in 5%
1393871432173 1390161073008 What is the ratio for genders of Warthin Tu
mor?
Males are affected 5x more
1393871465236 1390161073008 <div>Benign Parotid tumor</div><div>a)<span clas
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Slow-growing and localized; m
ay reach a certain size and stop growing.</div><div>b)<span class="Apple-tab-spa
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Swelling may be fluctuant, but usually not pa
inful.</div><div>- Ages 50-65</div><div><br /></div><div>What tumor is this?</di
v>
Warthin Tumor
1393871543888 1390161073008 <div>What Disease?</div><div><br /></div><div>1)
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Cystic cavities lin
ed by double-layered epithelium </div><div> a)<span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Inner layer is of tall columnar eosinophil
ic epithelial cells.</div><div> b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>Outer layer is of smaller polygonal epithelial cells.</div>
<div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Benign lymph
oid tissue with numerous germinal centers surrounds epithelial cystic components
.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div><div>3)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Entire neoplasm surround
ed by thin fibrous capsule.</div><div><img src="paste-2830383448612.jpg" /></div
>
Warthin Tumor
1393871601055 1390161073008 T/F Clinically, Warthin Tumor looks like a
malignant neoplasm<div><img src="paste-3010772075514.jpg" /></div>
False, l
ooks like a benign mixed tumor
1393871959434 1390161073008 Treatment and Prognosis for Warthin Tumor
Treatment: Complete removal of tumor with margin of normal tissue<div>Progn
osis: Good and recurrences are uncommon</div>
1391248544283 1384318139939 Giant Cell Fibroma age group
younger age grou
p than fibroma (first three decades of life)
1391249694837 1384318139939 <div>Pyogenic Granuloma occurs in what age group
</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div>
any age (but more common in chil
dren and young adults)
1391250212045 1384318139939 Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (Tumor) age
around 30
1391250682209 1384318139939 Peripheral (Ossifying) Fibroma age group
young adults and children
1391251334243 1384318139939 Lipoma (Liposarcoma) age group 30+
1391252967243 1384318139939 Traumatic (Amputation) Neuroma age
middle-a
ged adults
1391253915784 1384318139939 Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (Rendu-Osl
er-Weber Disease) age older pt
1391254097151 1384318139939 most Lymphangiomas present at what age
birth (before the age of 10 = 95%)
1391254942213 1384318139939 Granular Cell Tumor age all ages
1391255261049 1384318139939 Congenital Granular Cell Epulis age
birth
1391251308910 1384318139939 how common is a Lipoma (Liposarcoma) in the oral
cavity not common
1391251447221 1384318139939 are Liposarcomas rare or common in the oral cavi
ty
rare
1391251562394 1384318139939 are Neurolemmomas (Schwannomas) common or uncomm

on as oral lessions
uncommon
1391254307917 1384318139939 are Lymphangiomas more or less common than heman
giomas less common
1391254751665 1384318139939 Leiomyomas are common or uncommon in the oral ca
vity
uncommon
1391254784103 1384318139939 are Rhabdomyomas common or uncommon
rare
1391248626425 1384318139939 <div>in Giant Cell Fibroma </div><div>what
% of cases occur on the gingiva (two times as often on mandibular)</div><div><br
/></div>
50
1391248817304 1384318139939 <div>Papillary Hyperplasia occurs in what %
of patients who wear dentures 24 hours a day</div><div><br /></div>
20%
1391249765584 1384318139939 <div>Pyogenic Granuloma </div><div>commonly
encountered in pregnancy (what % of pregnant women?)</div><div><br /></div>
1%
1391250408918 1384318139939 Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (Tumor) recurren
ce is what %
may recur (10%)
1391250917257 1384318139939 <div>in Peripheral (Ossifying) Fibroma </di
v><div>what % of these lessions may recur</div><div><br /></div>
8 to 16
1391251501597 1384318139939 <div>Neurolemmoma (Schwannoma) </div><div>u
ncommon oral lesion but nearly what % occur in head and neck region</div><div><b
r /></div>
25 to 50
1391252517278 1384318139939 <div>Neurofibroma </div><div>oral lesions o
ccur in what % of cases</div><div><br /></div> 72 to 92%
1391252666184 1384318139939 <div>Neurofibroma </div><div>is hereditary
in what % of cases</div><div><br /></div>
10% to 20%
1391252737745 1384318139939 <div>Von Recklinghausen s Disease of Skin in wha
t % of cases show sarcomatous degeneration</div><div><br /></div> 15
1391253242593 1384318139939 <div>Hemangioma </div><div>often congenital
(seen in what % of one year old children)</div><div><br /></div>
5-10
1391253264130 1384318139939 <div>Hemangioma </div><div>common in head a
nd neck region (what % of cases)</div><div><br /></div> 60
1391253766945 1384318139939 <div>Hemangioma </div><div>may undergo regr
ession at an early age (what % regress by nine years of age)</div><div><br /></d
iv>
50-90
1391254150838 1384318139939 <div>Lymphangioma </div><div>most present a
t birth ( what % arise before age 10)</div><div><br /></div>
95
1391254923134 1384318139939 <div>Granular Cell Tumor </div><div>occurs
anywhere, especially tongue (what %+)</div><div><br /></div>
50%
1391255323977 1384318139939 <div>Congenital Granular Cell Epulis </div>
<div>much more common in females (what %)</div><div><br /></div>
90
1391255539282 1384318139939 Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy
recurrence %
15
1391058772623 2094571718
<img src="paste-1726576853235.jpg" /><div>Pink n
odule of the posterior buccal mucosa near the level of the occlusal plane.</div>
<div>one of the most common lesions in the oral cavity.</div><div>up to 1 to 2 c
m. may become slightly smaller if irritation is removed</div><div><br /></d
iv>
Irritation fibroma
1391058851675 2094571718
<img src="paste-1872605741298.jpg" /><div>Smooth
-surfaced, pink nodular mass of the palatal gingiva between the cuspid and first
bicuspid.</div><div>chronic reactive hyperplasia</div><div>dense collagenous ti
ssue with minimal inflammatory cells</div>
Irritation Fibroma
1391058914216 2094571718
<img src="paste-1988569858291.jpg" /><div>Black
patient with a smooth-surfaced pigmented nodule on the buccal mucosa near the co
mmissure. asymptomatic and very slow growing. may become slightly smal
ler if irritation is removed</div>
Irritation Fibroma
1391058988405 2094571718
<img src="paste-2426656522482.jpg" /><div>Low-po
wer view showing an exophytic nodular mass of dense fibrous connective tissue.</
div>
Irritation Fibroma
1391059027217 2094571718
<img src="paste-2508260901101.jpg"><div>You have
to know what this is just by looking at it!</div>
Epulis fissuratum<div>"w
ill the real alveolar ridge please stand up?"</div>
</div> what causes this?
<div>Epulis Fissuratum (Denture-Induced or Infla
mmatory Fibrous Hyperplasia, Denture Epulis) </div><div><br /></div>irritat
ion by flange of loose denture over a long period of time
1391059226758 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3113851290060.jpg" /><div>Flatte
ned mass of tissue arising on the hard palate beneath a maxillary denture; note
its pedunculated nature. Associated inflammatory papillary hyperplasia is
visible in the palatal midline.</div> Because of its serrated edge, this lesio
n also is known as a ________. fibroepithelial polyp <div><br /></div><div
>leaflike denture fibroma</div>
1391059373433 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3573412790747.jpg" /><div>A, Sev
eral folds of hyperplastic tissue in the maxillary vestibule. </div><div>B,
An ill-fitting denture fits into the fissure between two of the folds. </d
iv>
Epulis fissuratum
1391059490062 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3955664879856.jpg" /> Low-powe
r photomicrograph demonstrating folds of hyperplastic fibrovascular connective t
issue covered by stratified squamous epithelium.
Epulis fissuratum.
</div> <div>Irritation didn t cause this.</div><div>less than 1 cm</div><div>50
% occur on gingiva</div><div>vascular tissue</div><div>large stellate fibroblast
s</div> Giant Cell Fibroma
1391059656099 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4440996184545.jpg" /> A, Low-p
ower view showing a nodular mass of fibrous connective tissue covered by stratif
ied squamous epithelium. Note the elongation of the rete ridges. B, High-power v
iew showing multiple large stellate-shaped and multinucleated fibroblasts.
giant cell fibroma
</div> Erythematous, pebbly appearance of the palatal vault. Papillary Hyperp
lasia (Inflammatory Papillary Hyperplasia, Palatal Papillomatosis)
1391059775893 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4556960301292.jpg" /> An advan
ced case exhibiting more pronounced papular lesions of the hard palate.<div>Caus
e?</div>
Papillary Hyperplasia<div><br /></div><div>20% pts wear dentures
24hrs/day, especially flippers</div>
1391059840898 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4660039516395.jpg" /> Mediumpower view showing fibrous and epithelial hyperplasia resulting in papillary sur
face projections. Heavy chronic inflammation is present.
Inflammatory pap
illary hyperplasia
1391059885357 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4694399254764.jpg" /> Higherpower view showing <b>pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia</b> of the epithelium. T
his epithelium has a bland appearance that should not be mistaken for carcinoma.
Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia.
1391059939533 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4741643895019.jpg" /> Er
ythematous, hemorrhagic mass arising from the maxillary anterior gingiva
Pyogenic Granuloma
1391059983595 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4776003633383.jpg" /> Ulcerate
d and lobulated mass on the dorsum of the tongue.<div><br /></div><div>What is t
he only P (out of the 3 Ps|) that this could be?</div> Pyogenic granuloma (othe
r 2 are always on the gingiva)
1391060028800 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4853313044708.jpg" /><div><div><
br /></div></div>
Unusually large lesion arising from the palatal gingiva
in association with an orthodontic band. The patient was pregnant. Pyogenic
Granuloma
</div> A, Large gingival mass in a pregnant woman just before childbirth. B, Th
e mass has decreased in size and undergone fibrous maturation 3 months after chi
ldbirth pyogenic granuloma
1391060138687 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4973572129009.jpg" /><div>
Ulcerated and lobulated mass on the dorsum of the tongue.</div> what age group i
s this more common in? Pyogenic granuloma<div><br /></div><div>more common in c
hildren and young adults</div>
rc="paste-5424543695082.jpg" /></div> Low-power view showing an exophyti
c mass of granulation-like tissue with an ulcerated surface. Note the lobular en
dothelial proliferation in the deeper connective tissue.<div><br /></div><div>Hi
gher-power view showing capillary blood vessels and scattered inflammation.</div
>
pyogenic granuloma
</div> <div>Nodular blue-purple mass of the mandibular gingiva.</div><div>may b
e aggressive.</div><div>age around 30</div><div><b>exclusively </b> on
the gingiva</div>
Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (Tumor)
1391061480441 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5802500817139.jpg" /> Ulcerate
d mass of the mandibular gingiva.<div>arised from PDL</div><div>30 years, female
</div><div>pedunculated or sessile mass that occurs on gingiva exclusively</div>
<div>up to 2.5cm</div> Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (Tumor)
rc="paste-6038724018407.jpg" /></div> <div> Low-power view showing a nodu
lar proliferation of multinucleated giant cells within the gingiva.</div><div><b
r /></div><div>High-power view showing scattered multinucleated giant cells with
in a hemorrhagic background of ovoid and spindle-shaped mesenchymal cells.</div>
Peripheral giant cell granuloma
1391061869055 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6081673691366.jpg" /> only fou
nd on gingiva usually anterior to molar region<div>usually less than 2 cm</div><
div>smooth, firm, color of normal mucosa</div><div>more common in young adults a
nd children</div>
Peripheral (Ossifying) Fibroma
1391061962210 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6171868004591.jpg" /><div>Pink,
nonulcerated mass arising from the maxillary gingiva. The remaining roots of the
first molar are present.</div> site - only found on gingiva usually anterior to
molar region<div>usually less than 2 cm</div><div>more common in younger adults
and kids</div> Peripheral (Ossifying) Fibroma
</div> Ulcerated gingival mass demonstrating focal early mineralization (white
arrow). Peripheral ossifying fibroma.
1391062526097 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6468220748241.jpg" /> A,
Nonulcerated fibrous mass of the gingiva showing central bone formation. <
div>B, Higher-power view showing trabeculae of bone with adjacent fibrous connec
tive tissue.</div>
Peripheral ossifying fibroma.
1391062549792 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6502580486381.jpg" /> What are
the 3Ps this could be? <ol><li>Pyogenic granuloma</li><li>Peripheral giant cell
granuloma</li><li>Peripheral ossifying fibroma.</li></ol>
1391062616897 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6579889897706.jpg" /> Nodular
mass of granulation tissue that developed in a recent extraction site.<div>red v
ascular tissue </div><div>painless, bleeds easy</div>
Epulis Granuloma
tosa
1391062718217 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6631429505260.jpg"><div>Nodular
mass of granulation tissue that developed in a recent extraction site.</div>
what are some things that could cause this?
<div>EPULIS GRANULOMATOSA</div><
div>Irritation from:</div><div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>calculus</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span>tooth fragments</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="
white-space:pre"> </span>bony sequestra in socket</div><div><br></div>
1391096561803 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7202660155627.jpg" /> Soft, ye
llow nodular mass in the floor of the mouth<div>slow growing</div><div>blood ves
sels on surface</div> Lipoma
</div> <div>common outside the mouth (neck)</div><div>this pt lost weight but t
he lesion did not decrease in size</div><div>yellowish</div>
Lipoma
1391096843342 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7400228651250.jpg" /><div>yellow
</div><div>if pt loses weight, it won t decrease in size</div> what is the MLG

form of this? Lipoma<div><br /></div><div>Liposarcoma</div>
rc="paste-8040178778374.jpg" /><br /><div>Low-power view of a tumor of the tongu
e demonstrating a mass of mature adipose tissue.</div></div><div>High-power view
showing the similarity of the tumor cells to normal fat.</div> <br /><div>Know
what this looks like histologically</div>
Lipoma
</div> <div> Nodular painless mass in the floor of the mouth</div><div>any
age</div><div>tongue most common intraoral site, but its uncommon intraorally</
div><div>can occur in bone (usually mandible)</div>
Neurolemmoma (Schwannoma
)
1391097287360 1389053809033 <img src="paste-8306466751005.jpg" /> what are
the unique histological features of this?
<div>Neurolemmoma (Schwannoma)&n
bsp;</div><div><br /></div><div>A, <u><b>well-organized Antoni A tissue (r
ight)</b> </u>with adjacent myxoid and <u><b>less organized Antoni B tissue (lef
t).</b> </u></div><div><br /></div><div>B, The Schwann cells of the Antoni
A tissue form a palisaded arrangement around acellular zones known as <b>Verocay
bodies.</b></div>
</div> <div><ol><li>Nodular mass of the anterior ventral tongue.</li><li>(oral
most often on buccal mucosa/palate/tongue)</li><li>macroglossia</li><li>probably
arises from Schwann cells, fibroblasts and perineural cell</li><li>has a h
ereditary form (name it)</li></ol></div>
<div>Neurofibroma (Multiple Neur
ofibromatosis) </div><div><br /></div><div>(Von Recklinghausens Disease of t
he Skin)</div>
</div> Huge tumor involving the maxillary gingiva and hard palate.<div>oral les
ions occur in 72-92% cases</div><div>appears in 1 out of 3,000 births</div><div>
may cause macroglossia</div>
Neurofibroma
</div> <div><ol><li>Intraosseous tumor filling the right mandibular ramus.&nbsp
;</li><li>may be located within the jaws </li><li>probably arises from Schw
ann cells, fibroblasts and perineural<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace: pre"> </span>cell</li></ol></div> <b>central </b>neurofibroma (when it is
in the jaws)
rc="paste-9401683411179.jpg" /></div><div><br /></div> Low-power view sho
wing a cellular tumor mass below the epithelial surface.<div><br /></div><div>Hi
gh-power view showing spindle-shaped cells with wavy nuclei.</div>
Neurofib
roma<div><br /></div><div>(key: spindle cells, neurites in CT)</div>
rc="paste-9461812953428.jpg" /></div><div><div><br /></div></div>
<div>&nb
sp;Intraoral involvement characterized by unilateral enlargement of the tongue.<
/div><div>This Hereditary form is seen in 10-20% cases</div>
Von Recklinghaus
ens Disease of the Skin<div><br /></div><div>(hereditary form of Neurofibroma)</d
iv>
rc="paste-9655086481644.jpg" /><br /><div>may have small to large nodules to bag
gy pendulous masses </div></div> what is it called when you have a baggy
pendulous mass? (pendulous means overhang)
elephantiasis neuromatosa<div><b
r /></div><div>(this is a form of Neurofibroma when it has baggy pendulous mass)
</div>
rc="paste-9925669421494.jpg" /></div><div><img src="paste-9912784519405.jpg" /><
/div> what are the characteristics of these 3 pictures?
<ol><li>cafe-aulait spots</li><li>up to 1000 lesions (neurofibrosarcoma; malignant schwannoma)<
/li><li>neurofibrosarcoma; malignant schwannoma</li></ol>Von Recklinghausens Dise
ase of the Skin (Neurofibroma)
></div> High-power view. There is a cellular spindle cell proliferation with num
erous mitotic figures. malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor <div>(neuro
fibrosarcoma; malignant schwannoma)</div>
1391099068522 1389053809033 <img src="paste-10110353015020.jpg" /> Painful
nodule of the mental nerve as it exits the mental foramen (arrow).<div>Pain upon
pressure (not all painful)</div>
Traumatic (Amputation) Neuroma
></div> <div>not true neoplasm</div><div>usually middle age adults</div><div>thi
s pt had a tooth extraction</div><div>painful</div>
Traumatic (Amputation) N
euroma
src="paste-10320806412523.jpg" /><br /><div><br /></div></div> Low-power view:
showing the haphazard arrangement of nerve bundles within the background fibrous
connective tissue.<div><br /></div><div>High-power view: showing cross-sectione
d nerve bundles within dense fibrous connective tissue.</div> Traumatic (Amput
ation) Neuroma <div><br /></div><div>(mass of irregular neurofibrils and Sc
hwann cells in CT stroma)</div>
1391099366030 1389053809033 <img src="paste-10406705758446.jpg" /><div>Infan
t with two red, nodular masses on the posterior scalp and neck (look like a straw
berry)</div><div>Female 3:1</div>
Hemangioma
></div> <div><ol><li>this is following the division of the trigeminal nerve&nbsp
;</li><li>notice it is only on one side of the face</li><li>vascular hyperplasia
orally</li><li>may have CNS manifestations</li><li>variant of a hemangioma</li>
</ol></div>
Sturge-Weber Syndrome <div><br /></div><div>(Portwine nevi present at birth in skin areas supplied by trigeminal)</div><div>(port-wine stai
n)</div>
></div> Well- circumscribed radiolucency that contains fine trabeculations<div>(
honey-combed appearance)</div> Hemangioma
1391101129687 1389053809033 <img src="paste-11287174054119.jpg" /> Blue-pur
ple mass of the anterior tongue.<div>large, dilated vessels</div>
Hemangio
ma-cavernous type
1391101187855 1389053809033 <img src="paste-11334418694386.jpg" /><div>occlu
sal radiograph demonstrating cortical destruction and a sunburst periosteal reacti
on resembling osteosarcoma.</div><div>(honey comb)</div>
Hemangio
ma
1391101238330 1389053809033 <img src="paste-11368778432739.jpg" /> A, Peria
pical radiograph showing an expansile, mottled radiolucency in the mandibular in
cisor region. Pulsatile hemorrhage was encountered when a biopsy of this lesion
was attempted. <div><br /></div><div>B, Angiogram demonstrating a vascular
proliferation between the mandibular incisors.</div>
Hemangioma
src="paste-11424613007599.jpg" /></div> Low-power photomicrograph showing a circ
umscribed cellular mass of vascular endothelial cells arranged in lobular aggreg
ates.<div><br /></div><div>High-power view showing a highly cellular endothelial
proliferation forming occasional indistinct vascular lumina.</div>
Hemangio
ma
><img src="paste-11458972745964.jpg" /><div><br /></div>
<div><div>Low-po
wer view of a vascular proliferation </div></div><div><br /></div><div>High
-power photomicrograph</div><div><br /></div> Hemangioma capillary type
1391101436590 1389053809033 <img src="paste-11875584573678.jpg" /> Low-powe
r photomicrograph showing multiple large, dilated blood vessels.<div><br /></div
>
Hemangioma venous type
1391101592139 1389053809033 <img src="paste-12348030976235.jpg" /> what wou
ld you expect with a discopy with this lesion? Hemangioma<div><br /></div><div>
Discopy-does not blanch when pressed </div><div>(hematoma s do, and inflamm
ation)</div>
1391101700753 1389053809033 <img src="paste-12631498817772.jpg" /><div>The t
ongue of this patient shows multiple red papules, which represent superficial co
llections of dilated capillary spaces</div>
where else might you find this i
n the body?
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (Rendu-Osler-Weber Disease
) <div><br /></div><div>GI tract and skin</div>
></div> <div>more appear as pt gets older</div><div>form of hemangioma</div><div
>hereditary</div>
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (Rendu-Osler-Weber
Disease)
></div> what can be an early sign for this?
<ol><li>Hereditary Hemorrhagic T
elangiectasia (Rendu-Osler-Weber Disease) </li><li>Epitaxis (nosebleeding)
may be an early sign</li></ol>
1391101977039 1389053809033 <img src="paste-12996571037938.jpg" /><div>Red m
acules are observed on the buccal mucosa.</div><div>hereditary</div><div>diascop
y does not blanch</div> what might these pts suffer from that typically is not l
ife threatening?
<ol><li>Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (Rendu-Osl
er-Weber Disease)</li><li>patients may suffer from <b>anemia</b>, but not usuall
y life threatening</li></ol>
></div> how do you NOT want to treat this pt
Hemangioma<div><br /></div><div>
treated by excisional biopsy, NEVER incisional</div>
1391102229950 1389053809033 <img src="paste-13292923781555.jpg" /><div>invol
vement along the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve. The patient also was
mentally retarded and had a seizure disorder.</div>
What are the neurologica
l manifestations related to?
<ol><li>Sturge-Weber Syndrome (variant of hemang
ioma)</li><li>Related to leptomeningeal angiomas and calcifications</li><ol><li>
may have convulsive disorders</li><li>may have mental retardation</li></ol></ol>
1391102419479 1389053809033 <img src="paste-13451837571307.jpg" /><div>Unila
teral vascular involvement (hyperplasia) of the soft palate.</div>
Sturge-Weber Syndrome (variant of hemangioma)
></div> Skull film showing tramline calcifications (arrows). Sturge-Weber Syn
drome (variant of hemangioma)
1391102527535 1389053809033 <img src="paste-13602161426876.jpg" /><div>Young
boy primarily involving the right side of the face. </div><div>cyst like</
div><div>most present at birth (95% arise before age 10)</div>
cystic h
ygroma <div>(rare variety of Lymphangioma that occurs in neck and character
ized by large, cyst-like lymphatic vessels)</div>
1391102715831 1389053809033 <img src="paste-13731010445547.jpg" /> Pebbly,
vesicle-like appearance of a tumor of the right lateral tongue.<div><br /></div>
<div>may cause what in the tongue?</div>
Lymphangioma <div><br /></d
iv><div>macroglossia</div>
></div> <div><ol><li>Dorsal tongue lesion demonstrating a purple color, which ca
n be caused by secondary hemorrhage or an associated hemangiomatous component.</
li><li>most present at birth (95% arise before age 10)</li><li>common to see on
head and neck</li></ol></div> lymphangioma
src="paste-13958643712238.jpg" /></div><div><br /></div>
Lesion of the to
ngue showing dilated vessels beneath the epithelium and in the deeper connective
tissues.<div><br /></div><div> High-power photomicrograph showing dilated
vessels immediately below the atrophic surface epithelium</div> Cavernous lympha
ngioma
></div><div><img src="paste-14023068221674.jpg" /></div><div><img src="paste-140
78902796529.jpg" /></div>
These are 2 different soft tissue problems. (bot
tome 2 are basically the same problem)<div>How do you know what they are?</div>
<ol><li>Lymphangioma- vessels are filled with lymph fluid</li><li>Hemangioma (ve
nous)- vessels are filled with blood</li><li>Hemangioma (capillary)- vessels hav
e RBCs</li></ol>

></div> <ol><li>Small, pink-red nodule on the posterior hard palate lateral to t
he midline.</li><li>uncommon in oral cavity</li><li>slow growing mass which usua
lly occurs on posterior portion of tongue</li><li>tumor is encapsulated, pa
inless, firm and may be multinodular</li></ol><div><br /></div> Leiomyoma
src="paste-14263586390252.jpg" /></div> Low-power view showing a well- circumscr
ibed cellular mass of spindle-shaped smooth muscle cells.<div><br /></div><div>&
nbsp;High-power view showing spindle-shaped cells with blunt-ended nuclei. Immun
ohistochemical analysis shows strong positivity for smooth muscle actin (inset).
</div> Leiomyoma<div><br /></div><div>(remember Leio the Lion has Smooth muscle
s, so it affects the SMOOTH muscles)</div>
><div><img src="paste-14542759264490.jpg" /></div></div>
malignant neopla
sm of smooth muscle differentiation,
Leiomyosarcoma<div><br /></div><
div>(remember that Leio the Lion affects SMOOTH muscle, because his muscles are
smooth)</div>
/></div>
pan>rare</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </spa
n>most common location is tongue</div><div>3) affects Skeletal muscles</div><div
><br /></div> Rhabdomyoma<div><br /><div>"Rhabdo" The friendly skeleton</div><
div><img src="paste-14723147891257.jpg" /></div></div>
1391104051993 1389053809033 <img src="paste-14821932138733.jpg" /> who is t
his?
Leio- The friendly lion who has his Smooth muscles affected by Leiomyoma
></div> <div><div><ol><li>occurs anywhere, especially tongue (50%+)</li><li>all
ages</li><li>may clinically exhibit hyperkeratosis</li><li>2:1, F/M ratio</li><l
i>asymptomatic sessile nodule up to 2 cm in diameter</li><li>likely to come from
schwann cells (neural) or undifferentiated mesenchymal cells</li></ol></div></d
iv><div><br /></div>
Granular cell tumor (Myoblastoma)
1391104435688 1389053809033 <img src="paste-14993730830571.jpg" /> <ol><li>
Nodular mass of the buccal mucosa near the commissure.</li><li>occurs anywhere,
especially tongue (50%+)</li><li>all ages</li><li>may clinically exhibit hyperke
ratosis</li><li>2:1, F/M ratio</li><li>asymptomatic sessile nodule up to 2 cm in
diameter</li><li>may be from schwann cells (neural) or undifferentiated mesench
ymal cells</li></ol><div><br /></div> Granular Cell Tumor (Myoblastoma)
><img src="paste-15062450307310.jpg" /><div><img src="paste-15075335209220.jpg"
/></div>
Marked <b>pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia</b> in the last
image. Can be easily be mistaken for SCC<br /><div><br /></div>
Granular
Cell Tumor (Myoblastoma)
></div> <ol><li>Polypoid mass of the anterior maxillary alveolar ridge in a newb
orn.</li><li>Is this more common in males or females?</li></ol> Congenital Granu
lar Cell Epulis (Congenital Epulis of the Newborn) <div><br /></div><div>mu
ch more common in females (90%)</div><div><br /></div>
<img src="paste-15341623181542.jpg" /> this is
1391104760022 1389053809033
in a newborn.<div>where do you normally find it in the mouth?</div>
Congenit
al Granular Cell Epulis (Congenital Epulis of the Newborn) <div><br /></div
><div>usually in maxillary anterior gingiva</div>
></div> Low-power photomicrograph showing a nodular tumor mass. Note the atrophy
of the rete ridges.<div><br /></div><div>High-power view of rounded cells with
abundant granular cytoplasm.</div>
Congenital Granular Cell Epulis (Congeni
tal Epulis of the Newborn) <div><br /></div><div><div>(Histology -<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>similar to granular cell myo
blastoma <b>does not</b> display pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia)</div></

paste-15861314224364.jpg" />
<img src="paste-15818364551424.jpg" /> <img
src="paste-15839839387882.jpg" /><div>These are 2 different soft tissue disorde
rs. How do you tell them apart because histologically they can appear similiar?<
/div> <ol><li><b><u>Congenital Granular Cell Epulis (Congenital Epulis of the
Newborn)</u></b> -</li><ol><ol><li>similar to granular cell myoblastoma) does <b
>NOT</b> display pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia)</li></ol></ol><li>
<u><b>Granular Cell Tumor (Myoblastoma)</b></u> -</li><ol><ol><li>can have <b>ps
eudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia</b> overlying a granular cell tumor. Such cases
may easily be mistaken for squamous cell carcinoma</li></ol></ol></ol>
src="paste-16076062589168.jpg" /></div><div>Radiolucent destruction of the anter
ior maxilla associated with displacement of the developing teeth.</div> <div>1)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually occurs in in
fants (rare neoplasm)</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>usually occurs in anterior maxilla</div><div>3)<span class="Apple
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually occurs as rapidly growing dar
k pigmented lesion</div><div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>usually non-ulcerated</div><div>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>may appear on x-ray</div><div>6)<span class="App
le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>patients have high levels of vanilm
adelic acid in urine</div></div><div><br /></div>
Melanotic Neuroectoderma
l Tumor of Infancy
src="paste-16157666967795.jpg" /></div> infant presents with this on their anter
ior maxilla with a rapidly growning dark pigmented lesion that is non-ulcerated.
the infant has high levels of vanilmadelic acid (VMA) in their urine. <div
><br /></div><div>what type of tx should you do for this pt??</div>
<ol><li>
<b>Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy</b> </li><li>Despite their ra
pid growth and potential to destroy bone, most melanotic neuroectodermal tumors
of infancy are benign.</li><ol><li>Tx:conservative excision (5mm normal margin).
Recurrence 15%. few cases act in MLG fashion</li></ol></ol>
src="paste-16475494547711.jpg" /></div> <div><ol><li>Low-power view showing nest
s of epithelioid cells within a fibrous stroma.</li><li>High-power view of a tum
or nest demonstrating two cell types: (1) small, hyperchromatic round cells and
(2) larger <b>epithelioid cells</b> with vesicular nuclei. Some stippled <b>mela
nin</b> pigment is also present.</li><li>infiltrating tumor mass of cells arange
d in a pattern of <u>alveolus like spaces lined by cuboidal cells</u></li></ol><
/div> Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy
1391105966261 1389053809033 <br /><div><img src="paste-16677358010608.jpg" /
></div> <div>35 yr old presents with yellow, pedunculated, superficial soft tumo
r on the neck (if it was deep it could feel like a cyst). The tumor has blood ve
ssels on the surface that you can easily see. It is not very common to see it in
side the oral cavity. Histologically you see the picture above. </div><div>
<br /></div>what is this rare malignancy?
Liposarcoma <div>(from Lipo
ma)</div>
1391106503131 1389053809033 Pt orignially presents with a lesion like this (
but let s pretend it is on the gingiva). Slow growing mass. The tumor is encapsu
lated, painless, and firm. (typically it is found on posterior tongue)<div
><img src="paste-16883516440809.jpg" /></div><div><br /></div><div>Histologicall
y it looks like this:</div><div><img src="paste-16896401342698.jpg" /></div><div
>spindle shaped</div><div><br /></div><div>You do nothing and you see the patien
t at the next appointment.</div>
Now the pt presents like this:<div><img
src="paste-16952235917548.jpg" /></div><div><br /></div><div>Histologically it l
ooks like this:</div><div><img src="paste-16973710754025.jpg" /></div><div>Spind
le proliferation</div><div><br /></div><div>What does this pt now have?? (I hope
you have malpractice insurance)</div> Leiomyosarcoma<div><br /></div><div>Here
is Leio the SMOOTH muscle Lion. Now he has cancer (seen by the proliferation of
colors) because you didn t know your Oral Pathology :(</div><div><img src="past
e-17012365459927.jpg" /></div>
1389049601706 1381262663025 orofaciodigital syndrome is associated with what
oral developmental anomalies 1) cleft lip<div>2) cleft palate</div><div>3) Pa
ramedian Lip Pits (Congenital Lip Pits</div>
1389050408809 1381262663025 <div>Double lip (excess of upper lip) / edema in
upper eyelid</div><div>b.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>Blepharochalasis </div><div>c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>Non-toxic thyroid enlargement </div><div><br /></div
>
Ascher syndrome
1389050485361 1381262663025 Non-toxic thyroid enlargement associated with wh
at oral developmental disturbance<div>-and what syndrome</div> <div>double lip<
/div>-ascher syndrome
1389051505724 1381262663025 Fibromatosis Gingivae (Hereditary Gingival Fibro
matosis) may be associated with other syndromes that include features such as:
1) hypertrichosis, <div>2) craniofacial deformities, </div><div>3) epi
lepsy </div><div>4) mental retardation </div>
1389052213217 1381262663025 Micrognathia may be associated with what congeni
tal anomalies/syndromes congenital heart disease <div>or </div><div>Pi
erre Robin syndrome</div>
1389052331296 1381262663025 Macrognathia is associated with what diseases
1) Paget disease, <div>2) acromegaly, </div><div>3) fibrous dysplasia.
</div>
1389053360286 1381262663025 oral developmental disturbance that Sometimes ap
pears to be related to neoplasms at the kidney (Wilms tumor), liver and adrenal
cortex in children
Hemihyperplasia
1389053740556 1381262663025 what is Romberg Syndrome
Unilateral progr
essive atrophy of face
1389053846157 1381262663025 Microglossia can be associated with what mandibu
lar problem
hypoplasia of the mandible
1389054696841 1381262663025 Fissured Tongue usually develops simultaneously
with what other condition
geographic tongue
1389050548570 1381262663025 Define Mucosal tissue that projects from the max
illary labial frenum (a little ball of tissue) / inherited and common. Can be mi
staken with trauma.
Frenal Tag
1389051225951 1381262663025 Define progressive diffuse fibrous overgrowth of
gingival tissue Fibromatosis Gingivae (Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis)
1389052159507 1381262663025 Define small jaw (either maxilla or mandible)
Micrognathia
1389052307542 1381262663025 <div>Define </div><div>a.<span class="Apple
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Abnormally large jaws</div><div><br /
></div> Macrognathia
1389052431774 1381262663025 <div>Define: Rare condition characterized by uni
lateral enlargement of the body or parts of the body. Most humans exhibit
some degree.</div><div><br /></div>
Hemihyperplasia
1389053482074 1381262663025 Define uncommon degenerative condition character
ized by atrophic changes affecting one side of face
Progressive Hemifacial A
trophy (Romberg Syndrome)
1389053787578 1381262663025 Define abnormally small tongue Microglo
ssia
1389053919086 1381262663025 Microglossia can be associated with what sydrome
Pierre robin syndrome
1389054400265 1381262663025 Tongue-Tie is also known by what scientific term
Ankyloglossia
1389054440692 1381262663025 Define fusion between tongue and floor of mouth&
nbsp; Ankyloglossia
1389068355754 1381262663025 what is the Waldeyers ring ring of
back of the throat that encompasses all of the tonsilar tissue in the mouth
-space:pre"> </span>Define A 2 to 4 mm raised pink area of mucosal gingival tiss
ue lingual to the mandibular cuspids (canines).</div><div><br /></div> Retrocus
pid Papilla
1391247594884 1384318139939 Micro - dense collagenous tissue with minimal in
flammatory cells
e-space:pre"> </span>dense connective tissue with varying amount of inflammatory
</div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>ce
lls</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>rare malignant transfo
rmation</div><div><br /></div> Epulis Fissuratum
1391248647013 1384318139939 <div>Histopathologic features</div><div><span cl
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>vascular fibrous tissue</div><div><span clas
" style="white-space:pre"> </span>large stellate fibroblasts (cells may show nuc
lei)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3)<s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>covered by thin squam
ous epithelium but rete ridges may be elongated</div><div><br /></div> Giant Ce
ll Fibroma
1391248854728 1384318139939 <div><div>Micro</div><div><span class="Apple-tab
te-space:pre"> </span>numerous vertical projections each composed of </div>
<div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>orthokeratotic
or parakeratotic squamous epithelium with connective tissue core</div><div><spa
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>also pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia i
n vast majority of <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
cases</div></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div>
Papillary Hyperplasia&nb
sp;
1391249905957 1384318139939 Micro -similar to granulation tissue (endothelia
l lined vascular spaces)
Pyogenic Granuloma
1391250337748 1384318139939 <div>Micro</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span
ace:pre"> </span>unique</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>de
licate connective tissue stroma with multinucleated giant</div><div> <span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>cells<span class="Apple-t
ab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span"
ce:pre"> </span>also hemorrhage and possibly inflammatory cells</div><div><br />
</div> Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (Tumor)
1391250782760 1384318139939 Micro -<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>dense connective tissue (very cellular like fibroma, but may
have calcification [dystrophic] or ossification)
Peripheral (Ossifying) F
ibroma
1391251400694 1384318139939 c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Micro - mature fat cell mass
Lipoma (Liposarcoma)
e-space:pre"> </span>composed of Antoni A (talks about how these cells line up)
and Antoni B type tissue</div> Neurolemmoma (Schwannoma)
1391251742950 1384318139939 formation of Verocay bodies<div>dz?</div>
Neurolemmoma (Schwannoma)
1391251761846 1384318139939 Neurolemmoma (Schwannoma) tx
excision
1391252766526 1384318139939 <div>Micro</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span
ace:pre"> </span>composed of proliferation of delicate spindle cells <span class
="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div><div><span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>intermingled with neurites along with
delicate connective tissue</div><div><br /></div>
Neurofibroma
1391253024203 1384318139939 Micro - mass of irregular neurofibrils and Schwa

nn cells in <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
connective tissue stroma
Traumatic (Amputation) Neuroma
e-space:pre"> </span>numerous spaces (lined by endothelium) containing lymph&nbs
p;</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>spaces may also have bl
ood</div><div><br /></div>
Lymphangioma
e-space:pre"> </span>made up of large granular cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may display pseudoepithel
iomatous hyperplasia </div>
Granular Cell Tumor
1391255097280 1384318139939 FALSE FORM OF DYSPLASIA. EPITHELIUM ON TOP OF LE
SSION MAKES A PSEUDOEPITHELIUM CHANGE<div>dz?</div>
Granular Cell Tumor
1391255117627 1384318139939 CONDITION THAT IS BENIGN BUT IT LOOKS LIKE INVAS
IVE SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA. MAKES KERATIN PEARLS. BUT UNDER HIGH POWER THERE IS
NO CHARACTERISTIC OF DYSPLASIA.
Granular Cell Tumor
1391255345896 1384318139939 <div>Histology -<span class="Apple-tab-span" sty
le="white-space:pre"> </span>similar to granular cell TUMOR) does not display</d
iv><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>pseud
oepitheliomatous hyperplasia)</div><div><br /></div>
Congenital Granular Cell
Epulis
e-space:pre"> </span>infiltrating tumor mass of cells arranged in a pattern of a
lveolus-like spaces lined by cuboidal cells</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-spa
pace:pre"> </span>may contain melanin pigment</div><div><br /></div>
Melanoti
c Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy
1389846378086 1389053809033 <img src="paste-2826088481114.jpg" /> what ora
l presentation do you see with this?
Ectodermal dysplasia<div><br /></div><di
v>hypodontia</div><div>conical shape teeth, papered anterior crowns</div><div>Se
vere: cuspids & 1st molars present, but abnormal shape</div><div><img src="p
aste-2847563317439.jpg" /></div>
1389846504307 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3015067042139.jpg" /> what ski
n manifestiation do you see
<div>Ectodermal Dysplasia</div><div><br /></div>
ectodermal tissues dont develop: sweat glands, sparse hair, reduced eyebrow. poss
ible mid face hypoplasia<div><br /></div><div>periocular skin wrinkling with hyp
er pigmentation </div><div><br /></div>
1389846618946 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3100966388061.jpg" /> how do y
ou get this
Ectodermal dysplasia<div><br /></div><div>Inherited</div>
t
denture, implant, RPD
1389846654263 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3152505995755.jpg" /> specific
type Lichen Planus- Reticular Pattern
rc="paste-3234110374133.jpg" /></div> Specific type Lichen Planus- Erosive t
ype
it
<div>Lichen Planus</div>F> middle age, stressed out
the characteristic feature
Lichen Planus-Reticular <div><br /></div><d
iv>lacy like, Straiae of Wickham</div>
1389847099500 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3560527889121.jpg" /> which im
age out of the bottom 2 is the most common form <img src="paste-3573412790507.jp
g" /><div>Lichen Planus- Reticular pattern</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></di
v>
1389847175101 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3702261809888.jpg" /> which im

age has desquamative gingivitis Lichen Planus-Erosive<div><img src="paste-371514
6711272.jpg" /></div>
1389847225396 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3740916515554.jpg" /> differen
tial dx Lichen Planus<div><br /></div><div>Differential dx: Leukiplakia, Ca
ndidosis, Chronic L.E., Dysplasia (lichenoid dysplaisa), Pemphigoid (BMMP), muco
sal rxn to dental amalgam, lichenoid drug rxn.</div>
1389847290302 1389053809033 <img src="paste-3861175599807.jpg" /> most com
mon type
pemphigus vulgaris
1389847444540 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4325032067762.jpg" /> who tend
s to get this <div>pemphigus vulgaris</div><div><br /></div>Jews, 50yr (seldom
before 30), 1-5:million.
1389847527587 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4359391806143.jpg" /> what do
you see microscopically <div>pemphigus vulgaris</div><div><br /></div>Acantholys
is<div>Tzanch cells</div><div>Supravasilar (intraepithelia)</div><div>Rows of to
mbstones</div><div>chicken wire</div>
1389847578406 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4355096838847.jpg" /> best dia
gnostic test
pemphigus vulgaris<div><br /></div><div>Direct immunofluorescenc
e-</div>
tial dx pemphigus vulgaris<div><br /></div><div>Differential Dx: Erythema Multif
orme, bullous L.P., Chronic desquamative gingivitis, epidermolysis bullosa, BMMP
.</div>
this Benign Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid (Cicatricaial Pemphigoid)<div><br /></
div><div> F>M 2:1. 50-60yr. </div>
1389847743414 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4801773437592.jpg" /> where do
es this manifest
Benign Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid (Cicatricaial Pemphigo
id)<div><br /></div><div><div>Location: Oral mucosa, skin genitalia, Eye</div><d
iv><br /></div><div>Ocular (25%): conjunctivitis>blindness 30%</div><div><br /
></div><div>Oral: most cases, mainly gingiva (also palate).</div></div>
1389847873410 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4930622456468.jpg" /> what do
you see microscopically BMMP<div><br /></div><div>microscopic: Vesicles subepide
rmal, hemidesmosomes, NO acantholysis</div>
1389847926769 1389053809033 <img src="paste-4973572129434.jpg" /> Differen
tial Dx:
Pemphigus, Bullous pemphigus, Erythema multiforme, Chronic desqu
amative gingivitis (group includes BMMP)
1389847960213 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5016521802399.jpg" /> what sig
n do you see + for this BMMP<div><br /></div><div>+ Nikolsky sign</div>
it
older- 60yr<div><br /></div><div>Bullous pemphigoid</div>
1389848050474 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5119601017441.jpg" /> how to t
ell this from BMMP
Bullous pemphigoid<div><br /></div><div>affects other ar
eas other than gingiva</div><div>clinical course is limited (BMMP is progressive
and long)</div><div>subepithelial, NO acantholysis</div>
ou get this
<div>erythema multiforme</div>unknown. <div>hypersensitivit
y to food, drugs, virus. can be spontaneous. </div><div>Herpes (50%)</div>
the lesions
erythema multiforme<div><br /></div><div>"target/iris lesions" (
concentric ring)</div><div>"bloody crusty lips"</div>
1389848284908 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5321464480410.jpg" /> what typ
e do you typically see the target lesion
Erythema Multiforme<div><br /></
div><div>Minor form (chronic EM, lesion may disappear before forming into target
)</div>
tial Dx:
Erythema Multiforme<div><br /></div><div>Differential Dx: Aphtho
us stomatitis (major), ANUG, Pemphigus & Pemphigoid, Herpes zoster, Primary
herpes.</div>
1389848433166 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5592047420066.jpg" /> syndrome
s associated with
steven-johnson syndrome (EM Major)<div><br /></div><div>
Toxic Epidermal Necrosis (TEN)</div>
1389848474280 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5626407158213.jpg" /> where do
es this affect you
<div>erythema multiforme major / stevens-johnson syndrom
e.</div>mouth<div>eye-conjenctivitis</div><div>genitalia (urethritis)</div>
this Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (Erythema Multiforme Major)<br /><div><br /></d
iv><div>typically triggered from drug instead of infection. Affects younger pts
(20s)</div>
this Toxic Epidermal Necrosis (TEN)- Most severe form EM<div><br /></div><div
>older pts</div>
1389848625549 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5815385719316.jpg" /> what per
cent of body do blisters cover Toxic Epidermal Necrosis (TEN)<div><br /></div><
div>more than 30%</div>
1389848665516 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5935644803379.jpg" /> what org
ans does this affect
Stytemic Lupus Erythematosus<div><br /></div><div>Kidney
(kidney failure)</div><div>Heart (warty vegetation on valves)--Libman-Sacks End
ocarditis</div>
1389848764079 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5931349836083.jpg" /> when thi
s affects the heart valves it is called?
Systemic LE<div><br /></div><div
>Libman-Sacks Endocarditis</div>
rash called
Systemic LE<div><br /></div><div>Butterfly rash</div>
rc="paste-6107443495080.jpg" /></div> describe what happens on skin and oral m
ucosa Chronic Cutaneous LE (Discoid LE)<div><br /></div><div> Skin: Scaly
Erythematous patches (esp sun exposed). butterfly rash on nose. </div><div
>Oral: looks like Lichen Planus (leukoplakic areas without ulcerations)</div>
1389848913111 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6227702579511.jpg" /> how to d
x this Lupus Erythematosus<div><br /></div><div>Clinical & micro features</
div><div>direct immunofluorescence</div><div><b>antinuclear Ab (ANA)</b></div>
t
Lupus Erythematosus<div><br /></div><div>Avoid sun</div><div>steroids</d
iv><div>immunosuppresive drugs</div><div>antimalarial drugs</div>
1389849006203 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6347961663797.jpg" /> prognosi
s
Systemic LE<div><br /></div><div>5yr=95%</div><div>15yr=75%</div>
1389849039728 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6382321402241.jpg" /> prognosi
s
Chronic cutaneous LE (Discoid LE)<div><br /></div><div>50% resolve after
several years</div>
1389849073720 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6502580486841.jpg" /> Who gets
this Psoriasis<div><br /></div><div>Neurodermatosis. </div><div>2% popul
ation (common). </div><div>10-30yrs. </div><div>12% have arthritis</di
v>
1389849131680 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6554120094391.jpg" /> what sig
n does this have
Psoriasis<div><br /></div><div>Auspitz sign</div>
features
<div>Psoriasis</div><div><br /></div>symmetrical scaly papules (
Erythematous plaque covered by silvery scales), <div>face, back, chest, sca
lp, elbows.</div>
1389849246343 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6674379178696.jpg" /> Treatmen
t
<b><div></div></b><b>Psoriasis</b><div><b><br /></b></div>sunlight neede
d, <div>steroids, </div><div>tar soap, </div><div>calcipotriene (
Vit D3 analog) </div><div>Tazarotene (Vit A compound)</div>
1389849292408 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7043746366134.jpg" /> oral les
ions? Psoriasis<div><br /></div><div>Oral lesions uncommon: white/red plaques
and possible ulcerations.</div>
ou get this
Epidermolysis Bullosa<div>Inherited blistering mucocutaneous dis
order (4 types).</div>
1389849394118 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7249904796269.jpg" /> 4 types

Epidermolysis Bullosa<div><br /></div><div><div><b>Simplex</b>- mild, annoying</
div><div><b>Junctional</b>-deadly at birth from skin sloughing off in birth cana
l.</div><div><b>Dystrophic</b>-fingernails lost</div><div><b>Acquistia</b> (hemi
desmosomes):</div></div>
1389849455088 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7378753815162.jpg" /> what ora
l manifestations are can be present
Epidermolysis Bullosa<div><br /></div><d
iv>Gingival Erythema, </div><div>Anodontia, </div><div>Enamel Hypoplas
ia, </div><div>bulla and vesicle formation</div>
1389849522338 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7417408520832.jpg" /> T/F Scar
ring is common with this
Epidermolysis Bullosa<div><br /></div><div>may h
eal without scarring</div>
going on
Scleroderma (Systemic Sclerosis)<div><br /></div><div>Diffuse wi
dening of PDL</div>
1389849590111 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7486127997649.jpg" /> age you
get this
<div>Scleroderma (Systemic sclerosis)</div>30-50yrs
1389849641618 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7481833030353.jpg" /> typicall
y the first sign
Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis)<div><br /></div><div>Ra
ynauds phenomenon</div>
1389849668891 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7481833030353.jpg" /> what neu
rological problems occur?
Scleroderma (Systemic sclerosis)<div><br /></div
><div>Neuralgia and paresthesia develop</div>
1389849713031 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7932804596441.jpg" /> Oral pro
blems? Oral: mostly tongue, soft palate, larynx. Lips become rigid.cant smile, r
estricted opening of mouth. Diffuse widening of PDL (radiographically)
1389849747456 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7992934138032.jpg" /> specific
type Localized scleroderma (mild form that only affects solitary patch of ski
n)
1389849859312 1389053809033 <img src="paste-8113193222378.jpg" /> Tx
Scleroderma<div><br /></div><div>little cuccess with cortisone</div>
rc="paste-8160437862607.jpg" /></div> Clinical features:
Darier s Disease
(Keratosis Follicularis)<div><br /></div><div>-Lots of erythematous papules on
skin (esp trunk and scalp). </div><div>-<b>Rough</b> texture (lots of kerat
in). </div><div><b>-Foul odor</b>. </div><div>-Palms and soles exhibit
pits and keratoses. </div><div>-Nails: longitudinal lines and ridges.&nbsp
;</div>
1389849981024 1389053809033 <img src="paste-8246337209014.jpg" /> Oral les
ions
Dariers Disease (Keratosis Follicularis)<div><br /></div><div>white flat
papules in 50% pts</div>
rc="paste-8327941587149.jpg" /></div> would you want this pt to get sunlight o
r not? <div>Darier s Disease (Keratosis Follicularis)</div><div><br /></div>No,
gets worse in sunlight
1389850102248 1389053809033 <img src="paste-8851927597750.jpg" /> Tx
Dariers Disease (Keratosis Follicularis)<div><br /></div><div>Tx: systemic retino
ids can help</div>
rc="paste-8899172237576.jpg" /></div> who gets this Warty Dyskeratoma<div><b
r /></div><div>Uncommon. >40yrs</div>
1389850214692 1389053809033 <img src="paste-8894877270280.jpg" /> what sym
ptoms do you see
Warty Dyskeratoma<div><br /></div><div>No symptoms</div>
rc="paste-8955006812424.jpg" /></div> how is this identical to Darier s Diseas
e
Histopathologically identical to Darier s Disease
clinically
<div>Warty Dyskeratoma</div><div><br /></div>Solitary lesion on
skin or mucosa. <div>rough surface. </div><div><0.5cm diameter</div
>
1389560964405 2094571718
<img src="paste-4123168604498.jpg" /> Osteorad
ionecrosis
1389560986480 2094571718
<img src="paste-4148938408274.jpg" /> osteorad
ionecrosis
1389569230890 2094571718
Aspirin burn
1389569256399 2094571718
Phenol burn
1389569279595 2094571718
hydrogen peroxide burn
1389569294748 2094571718
<img src="paste-23265837842830.jpg" /> cotton r
oll burn (chemical burn)
1389569323598 2094571718
related epithelial necrosis
1389569341540 2094571718
<img src="paste-23368917057942.jpg" /> chemo re
lated epithelial necrosis
1389569367685 2094571718
<img src="paste-23394686861700.jpg" /> chemo re
lated epithelial necrosis
1389569381313 2094571718
Image B<div><img src="paste-23433341568130.jpg"
/></div>
radiation mucositis <div>(A is squamous cell carcinoma befo
re tx)</div><div>(C is normal after tx healed)</div>
1389569471500 2094571718
look at teeth<div><img src="paste-23467701305742
.jpg" /></div> xerostomia realated caries
1389569494931 2094571718
<img src="paste-23502061044114.jpg" /> anesthet
ic necrosis
1389569525271 2094571718
Image A<div><img src="paste-23622320128438.jpg"
/></div>
hematoma (buccal mucosa)<div><br /></div><div>B- 8 days later</d
iv>
1389569585967 2094571718
<img src="paste-23742579212688.jpg" /> palatal
petechia from fellatio
1391284225373 1384318139939 is the most common oral manifestation seen in th
e HIV+
Oral Candidiasis
1391284246851 1384318139939 the most common oral opportunistic infection in
the HIV+ population
Oral Candidiasis
1391286207857 1384318139939 It may be the first presenting sign of AIDS.
G.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Kaposi Sarcoma &n
bsp;
1391290235807 1384318139939 is the most common deep fungal infection in this
population and may involve the oral cavity
2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space: pre"> </span>Histoplasmosis
1391290600423 1384318139939 most common type of candida in the normal flora
of our mouth
candida albicans
1391292356789 1384318139939 who gets Oral Hairy Leukoplakia more freque
ntly
men
1391292376890 1384318139939 aids defining condition in the US
Kaposi s
arcoma
e:pre"> </span>CD4 count in AIDS
< 200/ml
1391283491359 1384318139939 HIV viral load in AIDS > 3,000 copies/ml
1391284989037 1384318139939 medical oral suspension (or ointment for denture
wearers) that is commonly used for simple oral Candidiasis
Nystatin
1391285024883 1384318139939 Nystatin oral suspension (or ointment for dentur
e wearers) is commonly used for simple oral Candidiasis, but is often inadequate
in the immunocompromised host<div>T/F</div>
T
1391285053837 1384318139939 Nystatin oral suspension (or ointment for dentur
e wearers) is commonly used for simple oral Candidiasis, and is often required i
n the immunocompromised host<div>T/F</div>
F
1391285084857 1384318139939 <div>Oral Candidiasis</div><div>topical agents</
div><div><br /></div> Mycelex (clotrimazole)
1391285105706 1384318139939 Mycelex (clotrimazole) frequency of dose<div>-or
al or systemic drug</div>
five times daily for 2 full weeks<div>-oral</div
>
1391285152373 1384318139939 which of these<span class="Apple-tab-span" style
="white-space:pre"> </span>Systemic agents causes liver damage<div>-and which ca
uses the MOST:</div><div><div><br /></div><div>Nizoral (ketoconazole)</div></div
><div><div>Mycelex (clotrimazole) </div><div>Diflucan (fluconazole)</div><d
iv><br /></div></div> <div>Diflucan (fluconazole)</div><div>Nizoral (ketoconaz
ole)</div><div>-Nizoral (ketoconazole)</div>
1391285373518 1384318139939 pic the systemic Oral Candidiasis agents:<div><b
r /></div><div>Nizoral (ketoconazole)</div><div>Myxilex (decloprinazole)</div><d
iv>Diflucan (fluconazole)</div><div>Mycelex (clotrimazole)</div>
<div>Dif
lucan (fluconazole)</div><div>Nizoral (ketoconazole)</div><div><br /></div>
1391285485705 1384318139939 Appearance of hairy leukoplakia in a patient on
HAART may indicate what problem.
failure of treatment protocol/agents or
development of resistance
1391285708476 1384318139939 if a Patient with unknown history/HIV status and
Oral Hairy Leukoplakia denies risk for HIV infection what should you do?
proceed with biopsy to establish definitive diagnosis
1391286097634 1384318139939 If patient with unknown history/HIV status denie
s risk for HIV infection, proceed with biopsy to establish definitive diagnosis.
If OHL is confirmed by the biopsy, what should you do? refer patient to
physician for care of HIV disease.
1391289805075 1384318139939 Herpes Family Virus Infections in HIV pts are tr
eated by:<div>-physicians and dentists</div><div>-physicians rather than dentist
s</div><div>-dentists rather than physicians</div><div>-reticulated squirels</di
v>
<div>-physicians rather than dentists</div><div><br /></div>
1391291511887 1384318139939 why do we not use biopsies to diagnose active in
fections of candidiasis because you could spread it to other tissues
1391291557636 1384318139939 how do you usually diagnose bacterial infections
?<div><br /></div><div>how do you usually diagnose candidiasis</div>
culture/
swab<div><br /></div><div>empirical treatment = if it goes away then it was a fu
ngus</div>
1391292029044 1384318139939 what must you ask the pt to do after you give th
em a treatment regimen for candidiasis and why have pt come back in two weeks t
o visually confirm improvement
1391292219218 1384318139939 what does the pressence of Oral Hairy Leuko
plakia tell you about your treatment protocol its not working
1391286563808 1384318139939 Very good treatment choice for oral lesions of&n
bsp;Kaposi Sarcoma<div>-specific injection used</div> Intralesional injection
of chemotherapeutic agent<div>-vinblastine</div>
e:pre"> </span>HPV lesions more often require treatment in HIV infected persons.
Name two treatments
surgical excision, laser or cryosurgery <div><br />
</div><div>-interferon </div>
1391290206344 1384318139939 is there high risk of recurrence with HIV ppi
llom tretment?
yes
1391290285592 1384318139939 is FDA-pproved for mngement of severe phthou
s stomtitis in this popultion.
4.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="wh
ite-spce: pre"> </spn>Thlidomide
1391284264834 1384318139939 It is considered to be n indictor of progressi
on of HIV disese
Orl Cndidisis
1391284387341 1384318139939 A dignosis of simple orl Cndidisis does not
indicte tht the ptient is HIV infected<div>T/F</div> T
1391284410851 1384318139939 A dignosis of simple orl Cndidisis indictes
tht the ptient is HIV infected<div>T/F</div> F
1391284567274 1384318139939 History of recurrent Cndidisis infections foll
owing dequte tretment should mke the dentist very suspicious of underlying i
mmunosuppression<div>T/F</div> T
1391284677720 1384318139939 History of recurrent Cndidisis infections foll
owing dequte tretment should mke the dentist very suspicious of HIV infectio
n<div>T/F</div> F - should be suspicious of immunosuppresion, not nessesrily HI

V could be other stuff like dibetes
1391284734582 1384318139939 <div>Clinicl Fetures</div><div>.<spn clss="
Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>White curds or plques of orgnism
s sit on surfce of mucos nd my wipe off leving rw bleeding surfce.</div
><div><br /></div>
Cndidisis
1391284761068 1384318139939 White plque-like res tht do not wipe off
(hyperplstic Cndidisis)
1391285575983 1384318139939 <div>3.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white
-spce:pre"> </spn>Clinicl Fetures</div><div>.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" s
tyle="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Lterl borders of tongue lmost invribly invol
ved</div><div>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Rou
gh, shggy, dense, leukoplki</div><div>c.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="w
hite-spce:pre"> </spn>Irregulr borders with chrcteristic verticl extension
s; hs corrugted or corduroy-like surfce.</div><div><br /></div>
Orl Hi
ry Leukoplki
1391286144382 1384318139939 1.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spc
e:pre"> </spn>This mlignnt neoplsm derived from endothelil cells is rre in
the United Sttes outside of the HIV infected popultion
G.<spn clss="A
pple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Kposi Srcom
-spce:pre"> </spn>Clinicl Fetures</div><div>.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" s
tyle="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Disese is multicentric, involving skin, mucus me
mbrnes, lungs, nd gstrointestinl trct primrily.</div><div>b.<spn clss="A
pple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Anterior mxillry gingiv nd p
lte re most frequently involved orl sites (plte is single most common site)
.</div><div>c.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Wellcircumscribed, red to purple to blue lesion(s).</div><div>d.<spn clss="Apple-t
b-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Erly lesions re often flt; more dv
nced lesions re elevted.</div><div>e.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white
-spce:pre"> </spn>No surfce ulcertion is expected.</div><div><br /></div>
Kposi srcom
1391286288402 1384318139939 s generl rule if pt hs n unknown history o
f HIV but there is suspicion of HIV wht is the first thing we should do to est
blish definitive dignosis
biopsy
1391289514237 1384318139939 <div>.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white
-spce:pre"> </spn>Gingiv becomes mrkedly reddened, out of proportion to plq
ue levels.</div><div>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </s
pn>No ttchment loss</div><div><br /></div> 1.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" s
tyle="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Liner Gingivl Erythem
-spce:pre"> </spn>Chrcterized by necrosis of one or more interdentl ppill
e, but no loss of periodontl bone support.</div><div>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-s
pn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Gingivl necrosis is ccompnied by pin, b
leeding nd foul odor.</div><div><br /></div> ecrotizing ulcertive gingivitis
e:pre"> </spn>Lymphom in n HIV+ person confers good or poor prognosis?
poor
-spce:pre"> </spn>Mnifesttions my be focl or generlized.</div><div>b.<sp
n clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>My or my not hve dr
mtic color chnges.</div><div>c.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce
:pre"> </spn>Attchment loss is pronounced nd rpid nd my result in spontne
ous exfolition of teeth.</div><div>d.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="whitespce:pre"> </spn>Develop necrosis, nd sloughing of bone nd/or soft tissue.</
div><div>e.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Spontne
ous bleeding ulcertion common</div><div><br /></div> 3.<spn clss="Apple-tb
-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Necrotizing ulcertive periodontitis
1391289621709 1384318139939 diff btwn ANUG nd ANUP ANUP = gingiv + bone&nb
sp;<div><br /></div><div>ANUG = gingiv only</div>

e:pre"> </spn>Protid involvement is ssocited with wht orl condition
xerostomi
e:pre"> </spn>In HIV+ popultion, there is incresed incidence of HPV lesions
nd lesion re often (multiple or individul) in the ffected individul multiple
1391290336920 1384318139939 do individuls with HIV fight bcteril infectio
ns well?<div>-why?</div>
yes. <div><br /></div><div>-becuse b cells
nd not T cells re ffected. they hve problems with fungus nd virus nd typ
icl bcteri infections.</div>
1391290538299 1384318139939 pthous stomtitis is not n infection<div>T/F</
div>
T
1391290625661 1384318139939 people strt hving problems with cndidisis in
wht stge of the dz?<div>-erly</div><div>-middle</div><div>-lte</div>
erly to middle
1391290679444 1384318139939 AIDS is n ids defining condition<div>T/F</div>
F
1391290708869 1384318139939 AIDS is not n ids defining condition<div>T/F</
div>
T
1391291368390 1384318139939 red elevted lession on the mouth tht does not
wipe off rules out the posibility of cndid infection<div>T/F</div>
F - just
becuse it doesnt wipe off it doesnt men is not cndidisis
1391291808631 1384318139939 cndidisis tht is red insted of cremy white
erythemtous cndidisis
1391291848437 1384318139939 bld spot in the middle posterior of tongue is c
medil rhomboid glossitis = cndidisis
lled
1391291895429 1384318139939 wht should you dvice sthmtic pts who re get
ting cndidisis
to thoroughly ws their mouths fter using their i
nhler
1391291945157 1384318139939 if your HIV pt hs cndidisis, wht does tht t
ell you?
not much - not ids defining
1391291997722 1384318139939 if you wnt to reestblish norml flor in mouth
wht should you do?
give yogurt...this is wht i herd in lecture but i coul
d be wrong
1391292142510 1384318139939 erly wrning sign for full blown AIDS Orl Hi
ry Leukoplki
1391292179138 1384318139939 Most ptients developed frnk AIDS within how m
ny yers of dignosis of hiry leukoplki.
2 yers
1391292296433 1384318139939 white ptch in the side of the tongue tht doesn
t wipe off<div>white count <200</div>
Orl Hiry Leukoplki
1391292601576 1384318139939 wht gives Kposi its purple nd blue color<div>
-wht gives it its red color</div>
purple/blue = blood inside ton of newl
y formed vessels<div><br /></div><div>red = blood outside vessels</div>
1391292683961 1384318139939 how do you diferentite btwn kposi nd norml
bruise when they both cn be flt nd purple norml bruising goes wy in w
eek<div><br /></div><div>lso ks doesnt blnch</div>
1391292741885 1384318139939 difference in mngement btwin srcom nd hiry
. in which one do you do biopsi, in which one you dont?
you lwys do
biopsy to confirm kposi srcom
1391292795022 1384318139939 <div>mlignncy of solid b cell orgns</div><div
><br /></div><div>HIV+ incresed risk</div><div><br /></div>
Non-Hodgkin Lymp
hom
1391292843126 1384318139939 bright red line rround tooth = just the mrgin
l gingiv tht is red Liner Gingivl Erythem
1391292868933 1384318139939 how do you differentite btwn norml gingivitis
nd liner gingivl erythem from HIV? in norml pt the gingiv is swollen too&
nbsp;<div><br /></div><div>in liner the gingiv is not swollen</div>
1391292908478 1384318139939 how do you differentite btwn norml bone loss
nd ANUP bone loss?
<div>bone loss in norml person = yers = slowly progres
sing</div><div><br /></div><div>ANUP = rpid bone destruction = dys to weeks</d
iv>
1391292960012 1384318139939 Herpes is n oportunistic virus<div>T/F</div>
F - everyone hs herpes...even you
1391293002889 1384318139939 deep fungl infection siin in HIV, tht invdes
into bone. you hve to tret it by excision of helthy tissue rround it.
mucormyositis
1391284957084 1384318139939 <div>Histologic Fetures</div><div>.<spn clss
="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Budding yests nd pseudohyph
e invding into superficil epithelium</div><div>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn"
style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Inflmmtion, primrily cute</div><div><br /></
div>
Cndidisis
-spce:pre"> </spn>Histologic Fetures</div><div>.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn"
style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Hyperprkertosis with shggy surfce</div><di
v>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Acnthosis = th
ickening of spinous cell lyer</div><div>c.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="w
hite-spce:pre"> </spn>Bllooning of spinous cells</div><div>d.<spn clss="App
le-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Miniml inflmmtion in supporting
connective tissue</div><div>e.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pr
e"> </spn>pseudohyphe my be seen in prkertin </div><div><br /></div><
div>-lso why re pseudohyphe seen?</div>
<div>Orl Hiry Leukoplki</div
><div><br /></div>-My hve secondry infection with Cndid,
1391291441702 1384318139939 Budding yests nd pseudohyphe of Cndid speci
es is comonly seen in the norml flor of the mouth<div>T/F</div>
F - only
seen in cndidisis
1394819517348 1104752835
crouzon syndrome
chr 10
pert syndrome chr 10
1394819530525 1104752835
1394819544251 1104752835
mndibulofcil dysostosis
chr 5
1394819560864 1104752835
cleidocrnil dysplsi chr 6
1394819578489 1104752835
down syndrome chr 21
1394819591588 1104752835
multiple hmrtom syndrome
chr 10
1394819607030 1104752835
ppillon lefevre syndrome
chr 11
e:pre"> </spn>The type of dignostic procedure needed depends lrgely on the n
ture of the lesion or disese process.<div><br /></div><div>2.<spn clss="Apple
-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Therefore, the clinicin MUST mke
_________ BEFORE the most pproprite dignostic procedure cn be chosen.</div>
clinicl differentil dignosis list of suspected dignoses
1394387579592 1390161073008 Wht re the 6 steps to mnge n orl lesion?
1.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Evlute<b> Histo
ry</b> (Subjective Findings = S)<div><br /></div><div>2.<spn clss="Apple-tb-s
pn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Evlute <b>Clinicl Mnifesttions</b> (Ob
jective= O)</div><div><br /></div><div>3.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="whi
te-spce:pre"> </spn>Estblish <b>Clinicl Dignosis</b> = Differentil Dignos
is (Assessment = A)</div><div><br /></div><div>4.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" st
yle="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Select nd perform the <b>dignostic procedure</b>
</div><div><br /></div><div>5.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-sp
ce:pre"> </spn>Estblish the <b>definitive dignosis</b> </div><div><br /
></div><div>6.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Insti
tute <b>Follow-up</b></div>
1394387701794 1390161073008 Wht to do when you: Evlute History
History of the lesion nd relevnt medicl, socil, nd dentl histories.
1394387743990 1390161073008 Wht to do when you: Evlute Clinicl Mni
festtions
Clinicl orl exmintion, extrorl hed nd neck exmi
ntion, nd rdiogrphic evlution, s pproprite.
1394387760559 1390161073008 Wht to do when you: Estblish Clinicl Di
gnosis
List the few most likely clinicl dignoses bsed on history nd
clinicl findings
1394387781012 1390161073008 Wht to do when you: Select nd perform the
dignostic procedure
give the most definitive informtion to distingu
ish between the dignoses in your differentil.

1394387804144 1390161073008 How do you Estblish the definitive dignos
fter reviewing the history, clinicl findings nd results of n
is
y dignostic procedures.
1394387832444 1390161073008 wht could the follow up include?
definiti
ve tretment, plnned observtion or referrl to specilist for further cre.
1394324065542 1390161073008 dz with displying -pleted sheet molecul
r<div>configurtion on x-ry diffrction crystllogrphic nlysis</div>
Amyloidosis
1394324208867 1390161073008 <div>Clinicl fetures</div><div> Adult Mles, (
verge ge, 65 yers).</div><div> Ftigue, weight loss, presthesi, horseness,
edem, nd orthosttic hypotension</div><div> Crpl tunnel syndrome</div><div> Mu
cocutneous lesions (eyelids, lips neck nd other)</div><div> Heptomeglly</div>
<div> Mcroglossi (10% to 40%), xerstomi nd xeropthlmi</div><div> Crpl tunn
el syndrome</div>
primry &mp; myelom Amyloidosis
1394324273667 1390161073008 dz tht occurs in ny orgn including orl
cvity nd pper s focl IG light chin deposits.
Amyloidosis
1394324294291 1390161073008 <div>Clinicl fetures</div><div> Systemic deposi
tion of B sheets</div><div>especilly in bones nd joints.</div><div> Crpl tunn
el syndrome</div><div> Cervicl spine pin nd dysfunction.</div><div> Mcroglossi
</div> secondry myloidosis
1394327899622 1390161073008 first dignostic step in hypothyroidism<div>-me
sure levels of wht to detect primry vs secondry hypothyroidism</div> mesure
free T4<div>-TSH levels</div>
1394181552496 1390161073008 <img src="pste-24124831301633.jpg" /> mucous e
scpe rection
scpe rection
scpe rection
scpe rection
scpe rection (rnul)
scpe rection (rnul)
scpe rection (mucocele)
scpe rection (mucocele)
1394181873717 1390161073008 <img src="pste-25134148616193.jpg" /> mucous r
etention cyst
1394181891693 1390161073008 <img src="pste-25245817765889.jpg" /> mucous r
etention cyst
1394181913149 1390161073008 <img src="pste-25357486915585.jpg" /> silolit
hisis
hisis
hisis
hisis
1394181977757 1390161073008 <img src="pste-25795573579777.jpg" /><div>purul
ent exudte seen when protid glnd is mssged</div> sildenitis
1394182015979 1390161073008 <img src="pste-25907242729473.jpg" /> silden
itis
1394182034619 1390161073008 <img src="pste-26018911879169.jpg" /> silden
itis
1394182057051 1390161073008 <img src="pste-26130581028865.jpg" /> sjogren
syndrome
1394182084282 1390161073008 <img src="pste-26237955211265.jpg" /> sjogren

syndrome
1394182105052 1390161073008 <img src="pste-26349624360961.jpg" /><div>lessi
on found in plte of 30-40yo mle</div>
necrotizing silometplsi
1394182178026 1390161073008 <img src="pste-26465588477953.jpg" /><div>most
likely dx</div> benign mixed tumor
likely dignosis </div>
benign mixed tumor
1394182226411 1390161073008 <img src="pste-26706106646529.jpg" /> benign m
ixed tumor
ixed tumor
ixed tumor
ixed tumor
1394182291409 1390161073008 <img src="pste-27157078212609.jpg" /><div>tken
from the superficil protid of 30-50yo femle</div><div><br /></div>
benign mixed tumor
from the superficil protid of 30-50yo femle<br /><div><br /></div></div>
benign mixed tumor
from superficil protid of femle 40yo</div>
benign mixed tumor
1394182443584 1390161073008 <img src="pste-27543625269249.jpg" /><div>feml
e </div><div>32yo</div>
benign mixed tumor
1394182460376 1390161073008 <img src="pste-27655294418945.jpg" /> wrthin
tumor
tumor
tumor
1394182499031 1390161073008 <img src="pste-27981711933441.jpg" /> cnlicu
lr denom
1394182511648 1390161073008 <img src="pste-28089086115841.jpg" /> cnlicu
lr denom
1394182522705 1390161073008 <img src="pste-28200755265537.jpg" /><div>biops
y shows mlignncy</div><div>most likely dignosis</div>
mucoepidermoid c
rcinom
likely dignosis</div> mucoepidermoid crcinom
1394182578063 1390161073008 <img src="pste-28424093564929.jpg" /><div>cells
were found to be mlignnt</div>
mucoepidermoid crcinom
1394182609992 1390161073008 <img src="pste-28535762714625.jpg" /><div>biops
y ws found in minor slivry glnds</div><div>cells were found to be mlignnt<
/div><div>most likely dignosis</div> mucoepidermoid crcinom
were found to be mlignnt</div>
where found to be mlignnt</div>
1394182756207 1390161073008 <img src="pste-28892245000193.jpg" /> cinic c
ell crcinom
1394182790190 1390161073008 <img src="pste-29003914149889.jpg" /> mlignn
t mixed tumor
1394182811798 1390161073008 <img src="pste-29115583299585.jpg" /> mlignn
t mixed tumor
1394182839743 1390161073008 <img src="pste-29227252449281.jpg" /><div>if th
is tumor ws found in the submndibulr glnd re wht would this tumor be cll
denoid cystic crcinom
ed</div>
1394182940287 1390161073008 <img src="pste-29450590748673.jpg" /> denoid
cystic crcinom
1394182960877 1390161073008 <img src="pste-29557964931073.jpg" /> denoid
cystic crcinom
1394182973124 1390161073008 <img src="pste-29665339113473.jpg" /><div>vs</d
iv><div><img src="pste-29708288786433.jpg" /></div>
pleomorphic low grd de
nocrcinom<br /><div>vs</div><div>denoid cystic crcinom</div>
1391626318902 1374198547816 Aphthous Stomtitis (Aphthous Minor) is more com
mon in smokers or nonsmokers
nonsmokers
1391627470213 1374198547816 the most importnt precipitting fctor of
Aphthous Stomtitis (Aphthous Minor)
stress
1391643502014 1384318139939 2nd most common type of phthous (5% of ll pht
hous) Aphthous Mjor (Sutton's Disese)
1391644146496 1384318139939 Most common virl diseses ffecting mn other t
hn virl respirtory infections
Herpes Simplex
1391644412803 1384318139939 In most cses herpes infections occurs erly, mi
d or lte in life?
erly
1391651860486 1384318139939 most importnt Recurrent Herpes Simpex stress
1391658228533 1384318139939 Most recognized form of cndidisis
Pseudome
mbrnous cndidisis
1389049904791 1381262663025 Prmedin Lip Pits (Congenitl Lip Pits)<div>tr
etment</div> removl only for cosmetic resons
1389050574485 1381262663025 Mucosl tissue tht projects from the mxillry
lbil frenum ( little bll of tissue) / inherited nd common. Cn be mistken
with trum<div>tretment</div> none
1389051956523 1381262663025 Good orl hygiene does not necessrily pper to
influence hyperplsi of Fibromtosis Gingive (Hereditry Gingivl Fibrom
tosis)<div>T/F</div> t
1389052013369 1381262663025 Good orl hygiene hs mjor influence in the h
yperplsi of Fibromtosis Gingive (Hereditry Gingivl Fibromtosis)<div>
T/F</div>
F - it does not influence the hyperplsi t ll (p5)
1389052079244 1381262663025 tretment in severe cses of Fibromtosis Gingiv
e (Hereditry Gingivl Fibromtosis) extrct some teeth
1389052105771 1381262663025 typicl tretment of Fibromtosis Gingive (Here
ditry Gingivl Fibromtosis)<div>-does this condition recur or not</div>
gingivectomy<div>-most often recurs</div>
1389054472502 1381262663025 mjority of Ankyloglossi cses re self-correct
ing<div>T/F</div>
F - mjority of cses re treted surgiclly
1389054537272 1381262663025 mjority of Ankyloglossi cses re surgiclly t
reted by clipping the frenum<div>T/F</div>
T
1389066061830 1381262663025 In severe cses of Benign Migrtory Glossitis (E
rythem Migrns, Geogrphic Tongue) wht tretment should you provide topicl
steroids
1389066926130 1381262663025 Hiry Tongue tretment Brush tongue with toothb
rush or use tongue scrper
1389068203596 1381262663025 Lingul Thyroid Nodule biopsy is incisionl or e
xcisionl
incisionl
1389053502749 1381262663025 Progressive Hemifcil Atrophy (Romberg Syndrome
) ge involved 2.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>A
ge first two decdes of life
1389051319427 1381262663025 Fibromtosis Gingive (Hereditry Gingivl Fibro
mtosis) is trnsmited through wht hereditry process<div>-dominnt</div><div>recessive</div><div>-codominnt</div> utosoml dominnt
1389051577890 1381262663025 Fibromtosis Gingive (Hereditry Gingivl Fibro
mtosis) is disese tht is only expressed s n utosoml dominnt trnsmitte
d trit<div>T/F</div> F - most Fibromtosis Gingive cses re expressed throu
gh dominnt trits but some cses re not, they re expressed ideopthiclly wit
h no cses of fmilil bckground involved.
1389051762700 1381262663025 most cses of Fibromtosis Gingive hve wh
t etiology:<div>-hereditry</div><div>-syndrome relted</div><div>-idiopthic</
div><div>-drugs</div> hereditry
1389049810936 1381262663025 Are Prmedin Lip Pits (Congenitl Lip Pits) co

mmon or rre
rre
1389049852157 1381262663025 <div>Orl nomly tht is usully locted bilte
rlly to the midline of lower lip </div><div>c.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn"
style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>My be 3 mm in dimeter nd 2.5 cm in depth&nbs
p;</div><div>d.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>In s
ome cses my communicte with minor slivry ducts </div><div>e.<spn cls
s="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Sometimes tissue round it is
swollen, ccentuting ppernce of the pits </div><div><br /></div>
Prmedin Lip Pits (Congenitl Lip Pits)
1389050004384 1381262663025 Are Double Lip nomlies common or uncommon
uncommon
1389050041593 1381262663025 re Double Lip nomlies congenitl or dqu
ired
both!
1389054632798 1381262663025 Are Fissured Tongue nomlies common or uncommon
common
1389054744037 1381262663025 Fissured Tongue incidence increses or decreses
with ge
increses
1389054770420 1381262663025 overll incidence of fissured tongue is bout wh
t %
2-5%
1389068500774 1381262663025 Wht is the clinicl significnce of Lterl Lin
gul Tonsils (Folite Ppille) site of mlignnt lymphom
1389050077547 1381262663025 <div>Dz Chrcterized by folds of excess tissue
on the inner mucosl spect of the lip </div><div><br /></div><div>Usu
lly upper lip (my resemble "Cupid's bow") </div><div><br /></div>
Double Lip
1389050341165 1381262663025 Cupid's bow upper lip<div>dz</div>
double l
ip
1389050601639 1381262663025 <div>Clinicl fetures of this dz include:
</div><div>.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>All g
es </div><div>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </sp
n>Multifocl (less thn 2 mm) yellow spots </div><div>c.<spn clss="Appletb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Locted on buccl mucos nd upper lip
(occsionlly other introrl sites such s gingiv nd retromolr pd)&nb
sp;</div><div>d.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Ect
opic sebceous glnds (when you look in the microscope)</div><div>e.<spn clss=
"Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Asymptomtic</div><div><br /></
div>
fordyce grnules
1389051817840 1381262663025 <div>Clinicl fetures </div><div>.<spn c
lss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Most cses begin before g
e 20 nd my correlte with eruption of primry or permnent teeth </div><d
iv>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Dense, diffuse
, smooth or nodulr overgrowth of gingivl tissue; hirsutism </div><div>c.<
spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>My prevent eruption
of teeth </div><div>d.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"
> </spn>Not pinful or does not show tendency for hemorrhge </div><div>e.
<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Gingiv norml in c
olor </div><div>f.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </s
pn>My be generlized or loclized </div><div>g.<spn clss="Apple-tb-sp
n" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Mxill more frequent </div><div><br /><
/div> Fibromtosis Gingive (Hereditry Gingivl Fibromtosis),
1389051863277 1381262663025 most common orl site for Fibromtosis Gingive
(Hereditry Gingivl Fibromtosis):<div>-mxill</div><div>or</div><div>-mndibl
e </div> mxill
1389052176711 1381262663025 types of Micrognthi
1) congenitl<div>2) cq
uired</div>
1389052509449 1381262663025 re teeth lso enlrged in hemihyperplsi?
yes
1389053337698 1381262663025 is the tongue comonly enlrged in hemihyperplsi
?
yes

lss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce: pre"> </spn>Uncommon </div><div>
b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce: pre; "> </spn>Unilterl pro
gressive trophy of fce </div><div>c.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="w
hite-spce: pre; "> </spn>My hve pigmenttion of skin </div><div>d.<spn
clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce: pre; "> </spn>Teeth on one side my
be smller </div><div>e.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce: p
re; "> </spn>Ptient my hve fcil presthesi, contrlterl epilepsy, trige
minl neurlgi.</div> <div></div>Progressive Hemifcil Atrophy (Romberg Syndr
ome)
1389053686009 1381262663025 ptients my hve wht conditions in conjunction
with Progressive Hemifcil Atrophy (Romberg Syndrome) (nme three)
1) fci
l presthesi, <div>2) contrlterl epilepsy, </div><div>3) trigemin
l neurlgi</div>
1389053762534 1381262663025 <div>Clinicl Fetures</div><div>.<spn clss="
Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Discovered during childhood</div
><div>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Pinless, u
nilterl enlrgement of mxillry bone lso hyperplsi of gingivl tissue</div
><div>c.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Often one o
r two bicuspids is/re missing</div><div>d.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="w
hite-spce:pre"> </spn>My be some defects in primry teeth</div><div>e.<spn c
lss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Thickened bone trbecule<
/div><div><br /></div> Segmentl Odontomxillry Dysplsi
1389054354490 1381262663025 You My see crented lterl borders of the tong
ue in which developmentl orl disturbnce
mcroglosi
lss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>My rnge from mild to sev
ere cses </div><div>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"
> </spn>My restrict movement </div><div>c.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" st
yle="white-spce:pre"> </spn>My exhibit speech difficulties </div><div>d.
<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>My cuse slight cl
efting of tip of tongue </div><div><br /></div>
Ankyloglossi
1389054663517 1381262663025 <div>Numerous smll furrows or grooves on dorsl
surfce 2-6 mm in depth </div><div>Often develops simultneously with geog
rphic tongue (fissured tongue comes with geogrphic tongue) </div><div>Usu
lly pinless</div><div><br /></div>
Fissured Tongue
1389054962014 1381262663025 wht is the clinicl problem with fissured tongu
e
my tend to collect food in grooves
1389065800916 1381262663025 Benign Migrtory Glossitis (Erythem Migrns, Ge
ogrphic Tongue) hs predilection for mles or femles
femles
1389065833119 1381262663025 geogrphic tongue Orl developmentl disturbnce
tht my ffect other res of the orl cvity (stomtitis ret migr
ns)
1389065904055 1381262663025 White circles on the lterl side of the tongue
or the underside of the tongue re refered to s wht orl condition
Benign M
igrtory Glossitis (Erythem Migrns, Geogrphic Tongue)
lss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Accumultion of kertin on
filiform ppille </div><div>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-s
pce:pre"> </spn>Brown or blck pigment on dorsl tongue </div><div>c.<sp
n clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Elongted hir-like pro
jections / you cn brush it off. </div><div>d.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn"
style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Stining by tobcco, certin foods, medicines or
chromogenic orgnisms </div><div>e.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="whi
te-spce:pre"> </spn>Usully symptomtic </div><div>f.<spn clss="Appletb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Incidence 0.5% of dults </div><d
iv><br /></div> Hiry Tongue
1389067014060 1381262663025 Hiry Tongue differentil dignosis
Hiry le
ukoplki
lss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Enlrged or tortuous vein

on lingul surfce of tongue </div><div>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" styl
e="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Reltively common (2/3 of ptients ge 60 or bove)&
nbsp;</div><div>c.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>I
ncreses with ge </div><div>d.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-sp
ce:pre"> </spn>Solitry vrices cn lso be seen in other prts of the mouth&n
bsp;</div><div>dz?</div>
Lingul Vrices
lss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Remnnts of thyroid tissue
cn be seen on dorsl posterior tongue in 10% of utopsy studies. </div><d
iv>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Age: erly du
lthood </div><div>c.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> <
/spn>Smooth, nodulr nd sometimes cystic mss locted posterior to the formen
cecum</div><div>d.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn
>Often described s "mety mss" </div><div>e.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn
" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>My be up to 2 to 3 cm in dimeter </div>
<div>f.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>My cuse dy
sphgi or feeling of fullness in throt </div><div>dz?</div>
Lingul
Thyroid Nodule
1389067783494 1381262663025 Remnnts of thyroid tissue cn be seen on dorsl
posterior tongue in 10% of utopsy studies in wht dz Lingul Thyroid Nodule
1389067924077 1381262663025 Smooth, nodulr nd sometimes cystic mss locte
d posterior to the formen cecum dz
Lingul Thyroid Nodule
1389067952819 1381262663025 Often described s "mety mss" Lingul
Thyroid Nodule
1389067973682 1381262663025 Orl developmentl disturbnce my cuse dysphg
i or feeling of fullness in throt
1389068016012 1381262663025 Lingul Thyroid Nodule differentil dignosis
.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Thyroglossl duct
cyst
1389068039276 1381262663025 Wht type of dignosis is usefull for detecting
Thyroid scn using iodine isotope
1389068398125 1381262663025 Orl Tonsils include wht lymphoid tissues
<div>.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Pltine ton
sils </div><div>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </s
pn>Phryngel tonsils </div><div>c.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="whi
te-spce:pre"> </spn>Lingul tonsils </div><div>d.<spn clss="Apple-tb-s
pn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>My lso include folite ppille </di
v><div><br /></div>
1389068472361 1381262663025 <div>Clinicl Fetures </div><div>.<spn c
lss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>My pper s red, elevte
d res </div><div>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre">
</spn>Orl lymphoepithelil cyst my develop in re </div><div><br /></di
v>
Orl Tonsil
1389068486593 1381262663025 <div>Clinicl Fetures </div><div>.<spn c
lss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Locted on posterior lter
l portion of tongue</div><div>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce
:pre"> </spn>Elevted nd sometimes nodulr </div><div>c.<spn clss="Appl
e-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>My become inflmed nd enlrged if
you get cold or something</div><div>d.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="whit
e-spce:pre"> </spn>Mde up of lymphoid tissue </div><div>e.<spn clss="A
pple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Usully bilterl</div><div><br /
></div> Lterl Lingul Tonsil (Folite Ppille)
1389068585513 1381262663025 Hyperplsi of this re is termed folite ppil
litis Lterl Lingul Tonsil (Folite Ppille)
1389068652228 1381262663025 <div>Clinicl fetures</div><div>.<spn clss="
Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Often bilterl </div><div>
b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>More prominent in
children </div><div>c.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"
> </spn>Surfce my be kertinized </div><div><br /></div>
Retrocus
pid Ppill
1389068667401 1381262663025 ppille contining tste buds 1) circumvllte
<div>2) fungiform</div>
1389068727202 1381262663025 ppille whose function is protection filiform
1389068768362 1381262663025 ppille ffected in geogrphic nd hiry tongue
filiform ppille
1389068800301 1381262663025 ppille contining tste buds, nd minor s
livry glnds <div>-nme of these slivry glnds</div> circumvllte<di
v>-von ebner</div>
1389050935345 1381262663025 <div>Microscopic fetures of </div><div>.<
spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Clusters of sebceou
s cini</div><div>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn
>Identicl to those normlly seen in skin</div><div><br /></div>
Fordyce
Grnules
1389051911427 1381262663025 <div>Microscopic fetures of this orl developme
ntl disturbnce:</div><div>.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pr
e"> </spn>A fibrous hyperplsi </div><div>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn"
style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Not usully inflmed </div><div><br /></div
>
Fibromtosis Gingive (Hereditry Gingivl Fibromtosis),
1389066033546 1381262663025 <div>Microscopic fetures </div><div>.<sp
n clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Loss of filiform ppill
e </div><div>b.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </sp
n>Mild chronic inflmmtion </div><div>c.<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style
="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Border my show hyperprkertosis </div><div>d.
<spn clss="Apple-tb-spn" style="white-spce:pre"> </spn>Some fetures remin
iscent of psorisis </div><div>dz?</div> Benign Migrtory Glossitis (Eryt
hem Migrns, Geogrphic Tongue)
1389066158441 1381262663025 Microscopic fetures filiform ppille re mrke
dly elongted with strtified prkertin <div>dz?</div> Hiry Tongue&nbs
p;
1389194910869 1389053809033
define Blephrochlsis
edem in
upper eyelid (drooping eye)<div>seen in Asher syndrome</div>
1394035984013 1374768212495 Removl of living tissue for the purpose of hist
ologic exmintion:
Surgicl biopsy
1394036086043 1374768212495 Three purposes of biopsy
1. Dx disese<di
v>2. Confirm norml conditions</div><div>3. Aid in tretment or long-term observ
tion (cn be viewd s mlprctice if biopsy not used)</div>
1394036174216 1374768212495 Two objectives of surgicl biopsy
1. Provi
de pproprite specimen for histo dignosis<div>2. Achieve "cure" by excision
of loclized lesions</div>
1394036684632 1374768212495 Defn: The <b>entire</b> lesion is removed. Used
for <b>smll</b> lesions Excisionl Biopsy
1394036725565 1374768212495 Defn: Only <b>portion</b> of the lesion r
emoved. Choice for <b>lrge or diffuse</b>
Incisionl biopsy
1394036755190 1374768212495 Wht type of lesions re contrindicted for inc
isionl biopsy? (2)
1. Obvious vsculr lesion<br /><div>2. Pigmented lesion
s</div>
1394036944301 1374768212495 Defn: Smll frgments of tissue re removed from
<b>bony cvity</b> or body spce using shrp surgicl instrument
Curettg
e
1394037206258 1374768212495 Is curettge excisionl or incisionl? Dont' kn
ow. Cn't evlute mrgins b/c they're in bits nd pieces
1394037247857 1374768212495 Defn: Tissue witihn deep or internl lesion is
removed with lrge bore cutting needle
Needle bore biopsy
1394037284085 1374768212495 Defn: Fluid nd smll groups of cells re remove
d from deep or internl lesion using spirtion technique nd fine guge needle.
This is ctully cytology procedure. Fine needle spirtion biopsy
1394037356225 1374768212495 Wht re the two types of cytology procedures?
1. Exfolitive cytology<div>2. Brush biopsy</div>
1394039842589 1374768212495 Obtined by <b>scrping</b> the surfce of
lesion describes which procedure?

Exfolite cytology
1394039901525 1374768212495 Specimen obtined by <b>rubbing </b>orl epithel
il tissue with <b>smll stiff brush</b> to get smples from <b>ll lyers
</b> of epitheliu Brush biopsy
1394039982317 1374768212495 Wht re the two things tht cn be determined f
rom brush biopsy?
1. Cncers<div>2. Precncerous lesions</div>
1394040124376 1374768212495 Brush border report sys "negtive". Defn?
No epithelil bnormlity
1394040323068 1374768212495 Brush border report sys "Atypicl". Defn?
Abnorml epithelil chnges of uncertin dx significnce
1394040339538 1374768212495 Brush border report sys "positive". Defn?
Definitive cellulr evidence of epithelil dysplsi or crcinom
1394040362105 1374768212495 Brush border report sys "Indequte". Defn?
Incomplete trnsepithelil biopsy specimen
1394040378175 1374768212495 Wht is the min disdvntge to using brush bio
psy?
Definitive dignosis is not possible. <div><br /></div><div>All pos
itive results must be confirmed by biopsy, requiring second dignostic procedu
re</div>
1394307070344 1374768212495 Wht re the three types of cells detected by Vi
zilLite?
1. Dysplstic/neoplstic<div>2. Cells with Hyperkertosis/prke
rtosis</div><div>3. Chronic inflmmtion</div>
1394307330827 1374768212495 Uses <b>chemiluminescent technology</b> to
detect suspicious lesions nd used s n <b>djunct</b> to hed/neck exm d
escribes which dignostic id? ViziLite
1394307372505 1374768212495 Wht color would you find bnorml cells when us
ing ViziLite? Blue-white
1394308068357 1374768212495 Wht re the two disdvntges to using ViziLite
?
1. Science does not yet bck up technology for orl lesions<div>2. Orl
surgeons hve problems finding the lesion when pt is referred to them. </di
v>
1394308182688 1374768212495 Use <b>fluorescence</b> to identify clinic
lly <b>occult lesions, </b>cn only <b>identify</b> potentilly bnorm
l tissue, nd cn detect<b> inflmmtory/vsculr </b>lesions in ddition
to typicl epithelil lesions describes which dignostic id? VELscope
1394308262563 1374768212495 How cn you distinguish norml from bnorml tis
sue using VELscope? <b>Norml helthy tissue</b> will reflect <b>fluorescent
light</b>; <b>Abnorml tissue</b> will not reflect light nd will per s <b
>drk re</b>
1394308716572 1374768212495 Neither the <b>scientific evidence</b> nor
the level of <b>clinicl skill</b> justifies the routine use of which dign
ostic id in generl prctice? VELscope; My be of vlue in clinic specilize
d in the mngement of orl cncer
1394840040456 1380305652445 <div><img src="pste-2379411882295.jpg" /></div>
<div><br /></div><div><br /></div>- Vriety of crnil mlformtions, protosis,
midfce hypoplsi with crowding of mxillry teeth<div>- hypertolorism<br /><di
v>- gene defect on chromosome 10</div><div>- mentlly they re norml</div></div
>
Crouzon Syndrome(Crniofcil dysostosis)
1394840574428 1380305652445 <img src="pste-4243427688721.jpg" /> &nbsp
;<img src="pste-4479650889956.jpg" /><div><br /></div><div>gene defect on chrom
osome 10</div><div>crobrchycephly=tower skull</div><div>syndctyly(but thumb
doesnt fuse)</div><div>trpezoid lips nd bifid uvul common orl mnifesttion<
/div><div>skull films show digitl mrkings( beten metl pttern)</div>
Apert Syndrome
1394840879278 1380305652445 <div><img src="pste-5218385264898.jpg" />-&nbsp
;</div><div>- defects of structures from 1st nd 2nd brchil rches</div><div>Er nomlies nd hypoplstic zygom most common findings.</div><div>- underdev
eloped mndibule</div> mndibulofcil dysostosis(trecher collins syndrome)
1394841099749 1380305652445 <div><br /></div><div><img src="pste-5708011536
636.jpg" /><img src="pste-5742371274896.jpg" /></div>-ffects membrnous bone<d
iv>- unilterl or bilterlly bsent clvicle</div><div>-drooping shoulders</di
v><div>-cuse supernumery tooth</div><div>defect in CBFA1 gene on chromosome 6</

div>
Cleidocrdil Dysplsi
1394841382210 1380305652445 <div><img src="pste-6197637808368.jpg" /></div>
<div><br /></div>- fetures of mndibulr micrognthi<div>- glossoptosis</div><
div>- cleft plte</div>
Pierre Robin Syndrome
853.jpg" /></div>mcroglosi, fissured tongue,<div>smller thn usul teeth, oft
en with short roots</div><div>mentl retrdtion, short stture</div><div>47 chr
omosomes</div> Down Syndrome(trisomy 21)
1394841795983 1380305652445 <img src="pste-7086696038616.jpg" /><img src="p
ste-7408818585772.jpg" /><div>- utosoml dominnt, recessive or X-linked<div>fine, sprse hir nd eyebrows</div><div>- reduced number of teeth with bnorm
l shpes(conicl)</div><div>- hyper pigmenttion round eye.</div></div>
Hereditry Ectoderml dysplsi
239.jpg" /></div><div><br /></div>- multiple benign hmrtomtous growths<div>increse rte of mlignncy in thyroid, brest nd GI</div><div>-multiple smll
ppules on gingiv, dorsl tongue nd buccl mucos.</div><div>- mnifesttions
develop in 2nd decde</div>
Multiple Hmrtom Syndrome(Cowden Syndrome)
1394842415649 1380305652445 <img src="pste-8100308320462.jpg" /><div>- chr
cterized by ccelerted periodontitis nd skin lesions</div><div>- mnifesttio
ns occur first 3 yers of life</div><div>-kertosis on elbows nd knees, p
lmr-plntr kertosis</div><div>-rdiogrphiclly, teeth pper to flot in sof
t tissue</div> Ppillon-Lefevre Syndrome
1394320261080 1390161073008 mentl retrdtion<div>corse fce</div><div>he
vy brows</div><div>stiff joints</div><div>blindness</div>
Mucopolyscchri
doses
1394320325832 1390161073008 orl mnifesttion includes mcroglossi, gingiv
l hyperplsi <div>colescing of dentl follicles</div><div>dz?</div>
Mucopolyscchridoses
1394320915923 1390161073008 bone pin nd infrction<div>liver nd spleen en
lrgement</div><div>growth retrdtion</div><div>nemi nd thrombocytopeni</di
v><div>decresed slivry flow</div><div>dz?</div>
Gucher disese
1394321070000 1390161073008 Gucher disese types involving neurologic wekn
ess
type 2 &mp; 3
1394321091649 1390161073008 gucher dz ffect teeth vitlity<div>T/F</div>
F - it does not
1394321162513 1390161073008 excess bilirubin in bloodstrem jundice...boooo
ooring!!!
1394323484072 1359590421391 utoimmune hemolytic nemi
unconjugted
1394323518361 1359590421391 sickle cell nemi
unconjugted
1394323559224 1359590421391 liver disese unconjugted
1394323569353 1359590421391 gilbert syndrome
unconjugted
1394323582904 1359590421391 lcohol conjugted
1394323639415 1359590421391 cncer conjugted
1394323647536 1359590421391 cirrhosis
conjugted
1394323654559 1359590421391 gllstones
conjugted
1394323664519 1359590421391 heptocyte swelling
conjugted
1394323673280 1359590421391 heptocytes necrosis
conjugted
1394323757797 1390161073008 nme 2 diseses with incresed RBC brekdonw
1) utoimmune hemolytic nemi<div>2) sickle cell nemi</div>
1394323782647 1390161073008 dz in which there is decresed conjugtion of
bilirubin
gilbert syndrome
1394323817735 1390161073008 <div>most common hereditry cuse of increses</
div><div>bilirubin</div><div>-due to bsence of wht enzyme</div>
gilbert
syndrome<div>-glucoronyltrnsferse</div>
1394323863470 1390161073008 how do you differentite btwn jundice nd hyper
crotenemi
jundice = yellow color in scler<div><br /></div><div>hypercro
tenemi = no yellow color in scler</div>
1394324015976 1390161073008 how do you tret neontes with unconjugted hype
rbiliruinemi? blue light

1394324038461 1390161073008 prognosis of jundice due to liver metstsis
poor
1394326259414 1390161073008 type of myloid ssocited with primry myloido
sis<div><br /></div><div>type of myloid ssocited with secondry myloidosis</
div><div><br /></div><div>type of myloid ssocited with herodofmilir myloid
osis</div>
AL type myloid<div><br /></div><div>AA type myloid</div><div><
br /></div><div>AD or AR</div>
1394326590435 1390161073008 <div>Clinicl fetures</div><div> Polyneuropthie
s, crdiomyopthy, crdic rrhythmis, congestive hert filure, nd renl fil
ure eventully develop s the</div><div>myloid deposition continues</div><div>d
z?</div>
Heredofmilil myloidosis
1394326617173 1390161073008 insulin dependent dibetes<div><br /></div><div>
non insulin dependent dibetes</div>
I<div><br /></div><div>II</div>
1394326744210 1390161073008 type of dibetes:<div><br /></div><div>body cnn
ot mke insulin</div><div><br /></div><div>body cnnot bsorb glucose</div>
1394326795217 1390161073008 type of dibetes:<div><br /></div><div>utoimmun
e</div><div><br /></div><div>genetic</div>
1394326826222 1390161073008 type of dibetes:<div><br /></div><div>ketocido
sis</div><div><br /></div><div>no ketocidosis</div>
I<div><br /></div><div>I
I</div>
1394327050880 1390161073008 type of dibetes in which pt suffer from xerosto
mi
I
1394327113111 1390161073008 type of dibetes in which there is n increse r
isk of fungl infection I
1394327129841 1390161073008 type of dibetes in which there is n incresed
risk of sildenosis
I
1394327143151 1390161073008 type of dibetes in which you see microngiopth
y
II
1394327432675 1390161073008 type of dibetes in which you see peripherl vs
culr dz
II
1394327448356 1390161073008 type of dibetes in which you see gngrene
II
1394327469093 1390161073008 type of dibetes in which you see blindness
II
1394327699580 1390161073008 resulting clinicl problem of hypothyroidism in
children
cretinism
1394327814701 1390161073008 dz in which they strt s hyper then develops hy
pothyroidism
De Quervin's thyroiditis
1394327852507 1390161073008 hypothyroidism cused by virl inflmtion is c
lled
subcute thyroiditis
1394327877359 1390161073008 <div>Clinicl fetures</div><div> Lethrgy, wekn
ess, nd ftigue</div><div> Corse dry, cool skin, hir loss</div><div> Huskiness
of the voice</div><div> Constiption.</div><div> Puffiness of fce, swelling of ex
tremities</div><div> Brdycrdi</div><div> Hypothermi</div><div> Filure to grow
in young ptients</div><div> Orl findings; Thick lips &mp; lrge tongue due to
ccumultion of</div><div>glycosminoglycns</div><div> Teeth my fil to erupt</
div>
Hypothyroidism
1394328082947 1390161073008 High TSH , low T3 T4 levels.
primry hypothyr
oidism
1394328112122 1390161073008 Low TSH nd T3 T4 levels
secondry hypoth
yroidism
1394328130042 1390161073008 in diseses cused by pituitry disfunction, &nb
sp;wht will be the level of TSH?
norml or borderline
1394328190255 1390161073008 mjor dz cusing hyperthyroidism
grves d
z
1394328222101 1390161073008 sex of people with hyperthyroidism (grves)<div>
-ge</div>
women<div>-3rd nd 4th decde </div>
1394328776370 1390161073008 <div>Dignosis</div><div> T4 levels should be ele
vted nd</div><div> TSH concentrtion is typiclly depressed.</div> hyperthy

roidism
1394328936123 1390161073008 DiGeorge syndrome leds to:<div>-hyperthyroidism
</div><div>-hypothyroidism</div><div>-hyperprthyroidism</div><div>-hypoprthy
roidism</div> Hypoprthyroidism
1394329033424 1390161073008 Chvosteks sign <div>is seen in what dz?</div
>
Hypoparathyroidism
1394329388871 1390161073008 <div>twitching of the upper lip when facial nerv
e is tapped just below the zygomatic process due to hypocalcaemia (what is this
conjunction of symptoms called?)</div><div><br /></div><div>Persistent Candidias
is</div><div>dz?</div> Hypoparathyroidism<div><br /></div><div>(chvostek sign)<
/div>
1394329446877 1390161073008 <div>Diagnosis</div><div> Serum PTH levels and ca
lcium are decreased</div><div> Serum phosphate level elevated</div><div> Renal fun
ction normal</div>
Hypoparathyroidism
1394329851444 1390161073008 <div>Clinical features</div><div> Weight gain, pa
rticularly in the central areas of the body.</div><div> The accumulation of fat i
n the dorsocervical spine region results in a buffalo hump appearance;</div><div> f
atty tissue deposition in the facial area results in moon facies </div><div> Redpur
ple abdominal striae</div><div> Hirsutism</div><div> Poor healing</div><div> Osteop
orosis</div><div> Hypertension</div><div> Mood changes (particularly depression)</
div><div> Hyperglycemia with thirst and polyuria</div><div> Muscle wasting with we
akness</div>
Cushings disease
1394329875021 1390161073008 high level of cortisol and ACTH levels which are
reduced with administration of dexamathasone<div><br /></div><div>high level of
cortisol and ACTH levels which are not changed with administration of dexamatha
sone</div>
cushings syndrome (cortisol not secreted by tumor)<div><br /></d
iv><div>cushings syndrome (cortisol secreted by tumor)</div>
1394330220160 1390161073008 high ACTH<div>high MSH</div><div>low cortisol</d
iv><div>dz?</div>
Addisons Disease
1394330298658 1390161073008 <div> Generalized weakness and fatigue</div><div>
Hypotension</div><div> Vomiting and diarrhea</div><div> Generalized abnormal pigme
ntation (bronzing)</div><div> Skin folds</div><div> Joints</div><div> Areas of trau
ma</div><div> Mucous membranes</div> Addisons Disease
1394330626988 1390161073008 <div>Oral pigmentation</div><div> Varies from lig
ht brown to black</div><div> Occurs on gingiva, lateral tongue, buccal mucosa and
lips</div><div>dz?</div>
Addisons Disease
1394330709926 1390161073008 what is an important thing to remember as dentis
ts when treating Addisons Disease patients
prednisone dose must be increase
d because dental treatment can be stressfull to pts
1394330985877 2121900227
<div>Gingival hemorrhage, malabsorption syndrome
s, general bleeding tendencies due to coagulopathies</div> Vit K
1394331012831 2121900227
<div> Beriberi; cardiovascular problems (e.g., pe
ripheral vasodilatation, heart failure, edema) and</div><div>neurologic problems
(including peripheral neuropathy)</div>
thiamin
1394331026070 2121900227
<div>Wernickes encephalopathy patients have vomit
ing, nystagmus, progressive mental deterioration,</div><div>which may lead to co
ma and death</div>
thiamin
1394331037076 2121900227
Glossitis, angular cheilitis, sore throat, and s
welling and erythema of the oral tissues
riboflavin
1394331046827 2121900227
Seborrheic dermatitis may affect the skin
riboflavin
1394331108969 2121900227
Anemia; normocytic, normochromic.
riboflav
in
1394331118946 2121900227
Palllagra (dermatitis especially in sun exposed
areas, dementia, and diarrhea). Niacin
1394331136143 2121900227
<div>Rough skin</div><div>Oral stomatitis and gl
ossitis, with red, smooth, and raw tongue.</div>
Niacin
1394331156541 2121900227
Weakness, dizziness, seizures, cheilitis and glo
ssitis pyridoxine
1394331191160 2121900227
Blindness
Vitamin A (retinol)
1394331200982 2121900227
<div>intracranial hemorrhages, generalized gingi
val swelling with spontaneous</div><div>hemorrhage, ulceration, tooth mobility,
and increased PDD severity.</div>
vitamin C
1394331220107 2121900227
oral petechial hemorrhages
vitamin C
1394331254083 2121900227
Scurvy vitamin C
1394331265413 2121900227
Rickets in infants and osteomalacia in adults
Vit D
1394331319992 2121900227
irritability,, growth retardation, and prominenc
e of the costochondral junctions (rachitic rosary).
Vit D
1394331343102 2121900227
<div>significant bowing, with potential pain and
definite increase risk of fractures results because of the</div><div>poor miner
alization of the skeleton as individual ages.</div>
Vit D
1394331354171 2121900227
CNS and Peripheral nervous system abnormalities
Vit E
1394331402721 1390161073008 iron-deficiency anemia + glossitis + dysphagia.
Plummer Vincent Syndrome
1394331420601 1390161073008 Plummer Vincent Syndrome has a high risk of what
problem
oral and esophageal cancer (5-10% incidence)
1394331443942 1390161073008 <div>Clinical features</div><div> Women of Scandi
navian or Northern</div><div> European background</div><div> 3rd to 5th decade</di
v><div> Tongue bald, depapillated & with burning sensation</div><div> Angular
chielitis</div><div><br /></div><div>Diagnosis</div><div> hypochromic microcytic
anemia</div>
Plummer Vincent Syndrome
1394331477125 1390161073008 Cohn s Disease affects which parts of the bowels
distal small bowel<div><br /></div><div>proximal colon</div>
1394331647518 1390161073008 <div> Abdominal cramping and pain, nausea, and di
arrhea, occasionally accompanied by fever. Weight loss and</div><div>malnutritio
n.</div><div> Oral ulcers are linear, cobble stone or fissure like</div><div> Apht
hous ulcers</div>
Cohn s Disease
1394331943293 1390161073008 <div><div> Abdominal cramping and pain, nausea, a
nd diarrhea, occasionally accompanied by fever. Weight loss and</div><div>malnut
rition.</div><div> Oral ulcers are linear, cobble stone or fissure like</div></di
v><div>enlarged lips, lingual plicata and facial</div><div>palsy)</div> Orofacia
l Granulomatosis & Melkersson Rosenthal syndrome (MRS)
1394332007642 1390161073008 <div>Clinical Features:</div><div> Characteristic
; yellowish, linear, serpentine/ snail track</div><div>pustules in erythematous ba
ckground</div><div> Appear before or at same time of GI manifestations</div><div>
Buccal & labial mucosa, soft palate & ventral tongue >other</div>
1394332276955 1390161073008 <div> Chronic tissue hypoxia that is exacerbated
by episodic occlusion</div><div>of the microcirculation by the abnormal sickle c
ells = bone</div><div>changes</div><div> where marrow spaces are remarkedly enlar
ged because of loss of</div><div>many trabeculae.</div><div> Hair on end skull fe
atures</div>
Sickle cell anemia
1394332323207 1390161073008 <div> Prominence of the premaxilla</div><div> Oral
mucosa have pale color</div><div> Intra oral radiograph shows coarse trabeculae
and wider marrow spaces,</div><div>salt and pepper trabeclae (granular or mottle
d appearance) of the jaws &</div><div>skull pattern also seen </div><di
v> Inner and outer bone plates of skull become elongated producing bristals</div>
<div>like crew cut or hair on end appearance)</div>
Thalassemia
1394390732310 1390161073008 <div><div>Seen on attached gingiva, history of l
ong duration, varies from brown to dark brown melanin that has accumulated in th
e basal cell layer</div></div><img src="paste-485331304988.jpg" />
Physiolo
gical Pigmentation
1394390810935 1390161073008 <div>More common in females </div><div><div
>Common areas = Mandibular anterior gingiva, buccal mucosa</div></div><div>Not c
onsidered premalignant</div><img src="paste-768799146524.jpg" />
Smokers M
elanosis
1394390921066 1390161073008 <div>A single small uniformly pigmented brown fl
at lesion on the lower lip vermillion</div><div>Twice as common in females</div>

<div>Histology: Increase in melanin granules confined to the basal cell layer<br
/><img src="paste-867583394332.jpg" /></div> Oral Melanotic Macule
1394391168602 1390161073008 <div>A single small uniformly pigmented brown fl
at lesion on the lower lip vermillion</div><div>Twice as common in females</div>
<div>Histology: Increase in melanin granules confined to the basal cell layer</d
<div>Oral Melanotic Macu
le</div>
1394391184198 1390161073008 <div><div>Pigmented lesion of the anterior hard
palate</div></div><div><div>Usually have been present a long time</div></div><di
v><div>Most common of all human tumors</div></div><div><br /></div><img src="pas
te-1090921693562.jpg" />
Acquired melanocytic nevus
1394391491804 1390161073008 <div><div>A neoplasm of epidermal melanocytes</d
iv></div><div><div>Predilection for Palate & Maxillary ridge (80%)</div></di
v><img src="paste-1151051235868.jpg" /> Malignant Melanoma
1394391511603 1390161073008 <div><div>A neoplasm of epidermal melanocytes</d
iv></div><div><div>Predilection for Palate & Maxillary ridge (80%)</div></di
Malignant Melanoma
1394391533622 1390161073008 <div>Patient presents with weakness, fatigue, hy
potension, vomiting, diarrhea</div><img src="paste-1752346657308.jpg" />
Addison s Disease
1394391587776 1390161073008 <div><div>Oral manifestations include multiple,
dark, freckle like lesions of the lips</div></div><div><div>Oral pigmentation in
cludes buccal mucosa, gingivae and palate</div></div><div>Onset in Childhood</di
v><img src="paste-1799591297564.jpg" /> Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
1394391628719 1390161073008 <div><div>Area of mucosal discoloration of the f
loor of the mout on the patients left side</div></div><div><div>Most common intra
oral soft tissue pigmentation</div></div><div><br /></div><img src="paste-185113
0905017.jpg" /> Amalgam Tattoo
1394391663717 1390161073008 <div>May show up on x-ray</div><div><div>Blue to
black</div></div><div>Must identify by x-ray or biopsy (to rule out malignancy)
</div><img src="paste-1975684956700.jpg" />
Amalgam Tattoo
1394391850749 1390161073008 <div>Inherited disease</div><div><div>- Small fr
eckle-like skin pigmentations located on the hands and around the mouth.</div><d
iv>- Same type of pigmentations on the intraoral mucosa</div><div>- Intestinal p
olyps may cause abdominal pain and cause obstruction</div></div><img src="paste2048699400626.jpg" /> Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
1394392076833 1390161073008 <div><div><ol><li>Vermilion border and gingiva m
ost common sites.</li><li>Lesions usually do NOT enlarge in size over time.</li>
</ol></div></div><div><br /></div><img src="paste-2177548419902.jpg" /> Oral Mel
anotic Macule
1394392128866 1390161073008 <div>What are A-D?</div><div>Hints:</div><div>A.
Present since birth on a dark skinned man</div><div>B. Presents as focal brown
to black flat spot, usually less than 0.7 cm</div><div>C. Oral equivalent o
f ephilides of the skin</div><div>D. 2:1 female predilection, lesions do not inc
rease with time</div><img src="paste-2246267896512.jpg" />
A. Physiologic p
igmentation<div>B - D. Oral melanotic macules</div>
1394392301906 1390161073008 <div><ol><li>Lesion has usually been present for
a long time, possibly since childhood.</li><li>Most common oral site is the pal
ate, but may also be seen on gingiva, buccal mucosa and lips.</li><li>Usually le
ss than 6 mm diameter</li></ol></div><img src="paste-2379411882414.jpg" />
Aquired melanocytic nevus
1394392506269 1390161073008 <div>Posterior palate of middle aged (55) male.
Lesion has been present for a few months, but has increased in size recently. Bi
opsy showed in situ tumor.</div><img src="paste-2495375999386.jpg" /> Oral in
situ melanoma
1394392631876 1390161073008 <div>What is the only thing this could be?</div>
<div>- What is the required treatment?</div><img src="paste-2624225018278.jpg" /
>
<div>Melanoma</div><div>Oral lesions require radical resection. Th
is means surgical excision with a wide margin of normal tissue and resection of
regional lymph nodes (or at least sentinel node biopsy). </div>

1394392697428 1390161073008 <div>Male patient with fair skin and tendency to
sunburn comes into your office with this lesion, what is on the top of your dif
ferential diagnosis list?</div><img src="paste-2710124364232.jpg" />
Melanoma
1394392775603 1390161073008 <div><div><ol><li>Age predilection ranges from 4
0 to 70 years.</li><li>Male to female ratio is 2:1.</li><li>80% occur on maxilla
ry ridge mucosa/gingiva and palate.</li></ol></div></div><img src="paste-2830383
448486.jpg" /> Melanoma
1394320554284 1390161073008 the most common of the reticuloendothelioses
Gaucher disease
1394320145744 1390161073008 Mucopolysaccharidoses is due to a deficiency of
what enzyme
<div>glycosaminoglycans </div><div><br /></div><div>(all th
e "sulfate" : Heparan sulfate, Dermatan sulfate, Keratan sulfate & Chon
droitin sulfate)</div>
1394320672655 1390161073008 Gaucher disease involves deficiency of what enzy
me
glucocerebrosidase
1394320759244 1390161073008 Gaucher disease involves acumulation of what sub
stances<div>-in what cells</div>
glucosylceramide and glucosylceramide<di
v>-macrophage</div>
1394324426558 1390161073008 causes of secondary amyloidosis 1) long term dia
lisis = protein is not eliminated<div><br /></div><div>2) B-microglobulin type a
myloid (AB2M)</div>
1394327484701 1390161073008 secondary hypothyroidism involves failure to pro
duce which hormones<div><br /></div><div>primary hypothyroidism involves failure
to produce which hormones</div>
TRH, TSH<div><br /></div><div>T3/4</div>
1394327731099 1390161073008 drug provoking hypothyroidism lithium
1394328631571 1390161073008 <div>what is the reason for the </div>exoph
thalmos / proptosis<div>in hyperthyroidism</div>
glycosaminoglycans depos
ited in the retroorbital connective tissue
1394329559218 1390161073008 Hypercortisolism due to sustained increase in gl
ucocorticoid levels can lead to what dz Cushings disease
1394329658682 1390161073008 most cases of Cushings disease are due to what?
iatrogenic reasons ( >20mg of prednisone for several months)
1394329712805 1390161073008 rare form of cushings disease that usually affec
ts young adult women is caused by what? adrenal/pituitary adrenocorticotropic ho
rmone secreting tumor (ACTH)
1394330161736 1390161073008 Addisons Disease is due to what problem
destruct
ion of adrenal cortex
1394330193161 1390161073008 too much cortisol dz<div><br /></div><div>too li
ttle cortisol dz</div> cushings syndrome<div><br /></div><div>addisons dz</div>
1394332251216 1390161073008 <div>Genetic hemoglinopathy associated with muta
tion in beta</div><div>globulin gene resulting in abnormal (HgS).</div> Sickle c
ell anemia
1394332298664 1390161073008 <div>A type of anemia where the hemoglobin is af
fected with congenital defect</div><div>of globin synthesis resulting in unstabl
e haemoglobin.</div>
Thalassemia
1394819685157 1390161073008 mutation of treacle (TCOF1) gene
mandibul
ofacial dysostosis
1394819698474 1390161073008 defect in CBFA1 gene
1394819716310 1390161073008 mutation in the phosphatase and tensin homolog d
eleted from the PETN gene
multiple hamartoma syndrome
1394819813473 1390161073008 caused by losss of function of cathepsin C gene
1390964451052 2094571718
;Extensive papillary, white lesion of the maxillary vestibule.</div>
Verrucou
s carcinoma.
1390964465491 2094571718
<img src="paste-22247930593517.jpg" /><div>Large
, exophytic, papillary mass of the maxillary alveolar ridge.</div>
Verrucou
s carcinoma
1390964487809 2094571718
<img src="paste-22273700397509.jpg" /><div>A, Lo
w-power photomicrograph showing marked epithelial hyperplasia with a rough, papi

llary surface and keratin plugging. </div><div><br /></div><div>B, High- po
wer view showing bulbous rete ridges without significant dysplasia.</div>
Verrucous carcinoma.
1391662725310 1384318139939 syphilitic glossitis is seen in males or females
males
1391644758879 1384318139939 Not uncommon to find HSV-2 to be on lips or oral
mucosa<div>T/F</div> T
1391644800004 1384318139939 Not common to find HSV-2 to be on lips or oral m
ucosa<div>T/F</div>
F
1391644865229 1384318139939 Its uncommon to find HSV-2 to be on lips or oral
mucosa<div>T/F</div> F
1391644875554 1384318139939 Not uncommon to find HSV-1 in the genital area.<
div>T/F</div> T
1391644921490 1384318139939 It is uncommon to find HSV-1 in the genital area
.<div>T/F</div> F
1391644929032 1384318139939 Not common to find HSV-1 in the genital area.<di
v>T/F</div>
F
1391658529105 1384318139939 candidiasis Often found in patient wearing dentu
res
1391626233431 1374198547816 <div>Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor)</div><
div>Prevalence - what % of general population</div><div><br /></div>
20
1391626297372 1374198547816 <div>Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor) <
/div><div>what % of </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>professional students</div><div><br /></div> 55
1391626351125 1374198547816 Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor) predisposit
ion type:<div>involves what % if both parents have genes for it</div> 90%
ion type:<div>involves what % if one parent has genes for it</div>
20%
ion type:<div>involves what % if neither parent has genes for it</div> 20%
1391628067287 1374198547816 <div><div>Herpetiform Aphthous </div><div>I
ncidence is what to what % of all herpes</div></div><div><br /></div> <div>2 t
o 5</div>
1391644528219 1384318139939 <div>Herpes Simplex:</div><div>what % have clini
cal disease</div><div><br /></div>
1% to 10%
1391644726821 1384318139939 <div>Herpes Simplex:</div><div>what % of adult p
opulation display antibodies</div><div><br /></div>
50 to 90
1391650791146 1384318139939 <div>what % of the population has Recurrent
Herpes Simpex</div><div>-this percentage is higher in what strata of society</d
iv>
50%<div>-higher in lower-income strata</div>
1391654674353 1384318139939 <div>herpes zoster is a recurrent disease (attac
ks what % of the</div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>population during their lifetime)</div><div><br /></div> 10-20
1391654949861 1384318139939 <div>Infectious Mononucleosis involves </di
v><div>what % of college students</div><div><br /></div>
50
1391656430859 1384318139939 <div>In oral Infectious Mononucleosis </div
><div>petechiae on hard and soft palate is seen in what % of patients</div><div>
<br /></div>
25
1391657349667 1384318139939 Oral rubella lesions known as Forchheimers Sign a
re seen in what % of cases
 20
1391657382980 1384318139939 <div>deafness is seen in what % of Rubella
(German Measles) </div><div><br /></div> (80%)
1391657446677 1384318139939 <div>Condyloma Acuminatum (Venereal Wart) <
20
/div><div>Make up about what % of all STD s</div><div><br /></div>
1391659609101 1384318139939 <div>Disseminated form Coccidiomycosis </di
v><div>happens in what % of cases</div><div><br /></div>
1%
1391659640696 1384318139939 <div>What % of Coccidiomycosis in its </div
><div>Disseminated form</div><div>are fatal</div><div><br /></div>
50%
1391662104252 1384318139939 whatv% of all chancres are extragenital about 20
1391664745579 1384318139939 <div>Tuberculosis:</div><div>Oral lesion uncommo

n (seen in what % of cases with systemic T.B.)</div><div><br /></div> 3.5
1391665303128 1384318139939 % of mono pt that get petechiae 25%
1391626176542 1374198547816 Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor) in what age
late teens to late twenties
1391626216332 1374198547816 Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor) sex
male to <b>female</b> 1:2
1391650683225 1384318139939 Recurrent Herpes Simplex, Herpes Labialis, "Cold
Sore", "Fever Blister" age groups:<div>-infancy</div><div>-childhood</div><div>
-teenage</div><div>-adulthood</div><div>-old age</div> adults
1391656733366 1384318139939 Herpangina, Aphthous Pharyngitis usually seen in
:<div>-infants</div><div>-children</div><div>-adults</div><div>-elderly</div>
children
1391656963952 1384318139939 Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease age group Young ch
ildren (5 months to 5 years)
1391657664011 1384318139939 Candidiasis (Moniliasis, "Thrush") affects what
age groups
young<div><br /></div><div>elderly/debilitated</div>
1391658306479 1384318139939 <div>Pseudomembranous candidiasis</div><div>Ofte
n seen in what age group</div><div><br /></div> newborns
1391658777930 1384318139939 <div>Angular Cheilitis (Perleche)</div><div>Ofte
n seen in what age group</div><div><br /></div> older persons
1391660392671 1384318139939 <div>Impetigo </div><div>Often seen in what
age group in epidemics</div><div><br /></div> young children
1391660482446 1384318139939 <div>Scarlet Fever </div><div>Most common i
n what age group</div><div><br /></div> children ages 3-12 years
1391664293046 1384318139939 <div>Late congenital syphilis</div><div><span cl
ass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab-spa
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may appear as late as what year of life</div>
<div><br /></div>
6th to 15th year
1391664936201 1384318139939 <div>Noma </div><div>May arise in what age
groups</div><div><br /></div> children 2 - 10 years of age
1391249197788 1384318139939 is there a risk of malignancy with Papillary Hyp
erplasia no malignancy transformation
1391252783347 1384318139939 sarcomatous degeneration tells you what about th
e prognosis of neurofibroma
poor prognosis
1391253955446 1384318139939 pt with Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (R
endu-Osler-Weber Disease) can suffer from what systemic dz<div>-is this dz life
threatening?</div>
anemia<div>-no</div>
1391247784786 1384318139939 Epulis Fissuratum occurs most frequently in what
areas of the body
more common in anterior and facial aspect of ridge
1391247887397 1384318139939 Epulis Fissuratum has a similar lesion on the ha
rd palate beneath maxillary denture. this lession is called.
fibroepithelial
polyp or leaf-like denture fibroma
1391248563164 1384318139939 <div>Giant Cell Fibroma </div><div>50% of c
ases occur on what area of the mouth (two times as often on what arch of the mou
th?)</div><div><br /></div>
the gingiva<div>-mandibular</div>
1391248737363 1384318139939 Papillary Hyperplasia usual location
usually
on hard palate beneath denture
1391249666063 1384318139939 Pyogenic Granuloma is often found where gingiva
1391250182606 1384318139939 Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (Tumor) in what
area of the mouth
gingiva
1391250253112 1384318139939 Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (Tumor) arch: ma
ndible or maxilla
a little more on mandible
1391250627313 1384318139939 Peripheral (Ossifying) Fibroma is only found in
what site (usually on what region)
gingiva usually anterior to molar region
1391251263893 1384318139939 Lipoma (Liposarcoma) is most common in what part
of the body<div><br /></div><div>most common in what part of the oral area</div
>
neck<div><br /></div><div>buccal mucosa</div>
1391251596612 1384318139939 Neurolemmoma (Schwannoma) mostly occur in what 2
areas of the body
25 to 50% occur in head and neck region
1391251630743 1384318139939 Neurolemmoma (Schwannoma) most common intraoral

site
tongue
1391251663723 1384318139939 when Neurolemmomas (Schwannomas) occur in bone t
hey usually manifest in which bone
mandible
1391251839697 1384318139939 Neurofibroma most common site<div>-next most com
mon site</div> skin<div>-oral mucosa</div>
1391251873137 1384318139939 Neurofibroma most common oral sites
<div>1)
buccal mucosa, </div><div>2) palate </div><div>3) tongue </div><d
iv><br /></div>
1391252497022 1384318139939 central neurofibromas are located where located
within the jaws
1391252915903 1384318139939 Traumatic (Amputation) Neuroma common location<d
iv>-other locations</div>
<div>mental nerve </div><div>-tongue and lo
wer lip</div><div><br /></div>
1391253281160 1384318139939 Hemangiomas are most common in what body areas
head and neck
1391253599764 1384318139939 <div>Hemangioma </div><div>oral - common si
tes are</div><div><br /></div> 1) lips, <div>2) tongue, </div><div>3)
buccal mucosa </div><div>4) palate</div>
1391254177988 1384318139939 <div>Lymphangioma </div><div>common areas o
f occurrence</div><div><br /></div>
head and neck
1391254197016 1384318139939 <div>Lymphangioma </div><div>oral - most co
mmonly occurs in</div><div>what part of the mouth</div><div>-apperance in the su
perficial area</div>
<div>tongue </div><div>-(may be <b>papillary</b> in
</div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre"> </span>a
ppearance in superficial area)</div>
1391254810257 1384318139939 Rhabdomyoma most common location
tongue
1391254874377 1384318139939 Granular Cell Tumor occur where most often
tongue
1391255277248 1384318139939 Congenital Granular Cell Epulis is found usually
in what area maxillary anterior gingiva
1391255479946 1384318139939 Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy area
anterior maxilla
1391247612997 1384318139939 Irritation Fibroma (Traumatic Fibroma)<div>tx</d
iv>
excisional biopsy
1391248428377 1384318139939 Epulis Fissuratum<div>tx</div> surgical re
moval
1391248674654 1384318139939 <div>Giant Cell Fibroma </div><div>Treatmen
t</div><div><br /></div>
<div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-s
pace: pre"> </span>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </
span>simple excision</div><div><br /></div>
1391249236199 1384318139939 Papillary Hyperplasia complete regression tx
surgery, or electrosurgery
1391249993303 1384318139939 Pyogenic Granuloma tx excision
1391250383683 1384318139939 Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (Tumor) tx
excision
1391250861918 1384318139939 Peripheral (Ossifying) Fibroma tx
excision
1391251122210 1384318139939 <div>Epulis Granulomatosa </div><div>Treatm
ent -</div><div><br /></div>
excision
1391251377076 1384318139939 Lipoma (Liposarcoma) tx excision
1391253039008 1384318139939 Traumatic (Amputation) Neuroma tx
surgical
excision
1391253791667 1384318139939 <div>Hemangioma </div><div>tx (7)...good lu
ck naming them. im not gonna</div><div><br /></div>
<div>a)<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>surgery</div><div><span class="Apple
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
"white-space:pre"> </span>radiation</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style
="white-space:pre"> </span>c)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span>cryosurgery</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:
pre"> </span>d)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>scle
rosing agents</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </

span>e)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>steroids</di
v><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>f)<span clas
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>interferon- -2a</div><div><span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>g)<span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>lasers</div><div><br /></div>
1391253928493 1384318139939 Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (Rendu-Osl
er-Weber Disease) tx
may be excised if hemorrhagic
1391254654432 1384318139939 only treatment of choice for lymphangiomas
surgery
1391255155478 1384318139939 Granular Cell Tumor tx simple exision
1391255363586 1384318139939 Congenital Granular Cell Epulis tx
excision
1391255518374 1384318139939 Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy tx
conservative excision (some suggest 5 mm normal margin)
1391247633468 1384318139939 does Irritation Fibroma (Traumatic Fibroma) recu
r or not
rarely recurs
1391249285786 1384318139939 is there risk of regression for Papillary Hyperp
lasia
<div>mild regression may be seen if patient wears new denture <s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div><div><span clas
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>or wears present denture for
shorter time</div><div><br /></div>
1391250025973 1384318139939 Pyogenic Granuloma has high or low recurrence
high rate of recurrence
1391250889051 1384318139939 does Peripheral (Ossifying) Fibroma recur or not
recurs
1391254677103 1384318139939 do Lymphangiomas recur? yes
1391255384914 1384318139939 in Congenital Granular Cell Epulis is recurrence
common or uncommon
uncommon
-space:pre"> </span>sessile nonvascular soft, smooth mass</div><div><span class=
style="white-space:pre"> </span>asymptomatic and very slow growing</div><div><sp
ab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>on buccal mucosa, tongue, lips, etc.</d
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>up to 1 to 2 cm</div><div><s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>6)<span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually pink, but may be leukoplakic f
rom chronic irritation</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>7)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may
become slightly smaller if irritation is removed</div><div><br /></div>
le="white-space:pre"> </span>long folds of dense connective tissue in vestibule<
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>single or multiple folds</
ass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually asymptomatic</div><
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>often not inflamed, but may be u
lcerated</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>more common in an
terior and facial aspect of ridge</div><div><br /></div>
Epulis Fissuratu
m (Denture-Induced or Inflammatory Fibrous Hyperplasia, Denture Epulis)
1391248489978 1384318139939 Fibroma that appears to be a distinct entity. &n
bsp;Does not appear to be associated with irritation
Giant Cell Fibroma
le="white-space:pre"> </span>asymptomatic sessile or pedunculated mass</div><div

le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually less than 1 cm in diameter<
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>younger age group than fib
roma (first three decades of life)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
> </span>may have a rough surface that clinically appears as a squamous fibroma<
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>50% of cases occur on the
gingiva (two times as often on mandibular)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span
ace:pre"> </span>also occurs on tongue and palate</div><div><br /></div>
Giant Cell Fibroma
le="white-space:pre"> </span>red (due to candida) edematous papillary projection
s (pebbly surface / will not disappear with antifungal med, red color will disap
pear with antifungal)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:
pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usua
lly on hard palate beneath denture</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
> </span>may extend onto alveolar mucosa</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>varying degree of inflammation</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-s
-space:pre"> </span>usually asymptomatic</div><div><br /></div> Papillary Hyperp
lasia
1391249410518 1384318139939 extremely characteristic soft tissue lession tha
t looks super red and is found on the gingiva. (mentioned in lecture) Pyogenic
Granuloma
le="white-space:pre"> </span>common vascular lesion often found on the gingiva</
ass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually on gingiva (interde
ntal area), red, elevated and pedunculated</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span
ace:pre"> </span>soft, bleeds easily (younger lesions very vascular)</div><div><
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>often ulcerated, but painless</div><d
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>develops rapidly (fast growing),
any area of body (mostly gingiva) </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" s
:pre"> </span>any age (but more common in children and young adults)</div><div><
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>commonly encountered in pregnancy (1%
of pregnant women)</div><div><br /></div>
Pyogenic Granuloma
1391250069956 1384318139939 Recurrent lesions -<span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>if not treated, may assume a fibrous appearance
as a peripheral fibroma or fibroma<div>dz?</div>
Pyogenic Granuloma
le="white-space:pre"> </span>pedunculated or sessile mass that occurs on gingiva
exclusively</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may resemble
pyogenic granuloma</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>varies
widely in size, up to 2.5 cm, etc.</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
> </span>dark and red usually or blue purple, but may be mucosa color</div><div>
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may exhibit surface ulceration (but
not often)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </spa
n>6)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may be aggressi
ve (fast growing)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"
> </span>7)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>painless
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>age - around 30<span clas
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div><div><span class="Apple
"white-space:pre"> </span>sex - female 2x</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span"
style="white-space:pre"> </span>10)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>site - exclusively on gingiva, little more in mandible</div><di
v><br /></div> Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (Tumor)
1391250287446 1384318139939 lession that grows into a flap of tissue inside
the mouth = not a malignancy but its aggresive Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma
(Tumor)
1391250564095 1384318139939 pyogenic granulomas turn into what soft tissue l
ession eventually
peripheral fibromas
le="white-space:pre"> </span>more common in young adults and children</div><div>
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>females 2x more common</div><div><sp
ab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>smooth, firm, color of normal mucosa</d
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>site - only found on gingiva
usually anterior to molar region</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="
white-space:pre"> </span>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>usually less than 2 cm</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>Slow growing</div><div><br /></div>
Peripheral (Ossi
fying) Fibroma
1391250697007 1384318139939 <div>how do you differentiate Peripheral (Ossify
ing) Fibroma </div><div>from pyogenic granuloma</div><div><br /></div>
can only differentiate histologically not clinically
1391250805707 1384318139939 Peripheral (Ossifying) Fibroma radiographs will
show what:<div>-radiolucent foci</div><div>-radiolucent spots</div><div>-radiopa
que foci</div><div>-radiopaque spots</div>
<div>-radiopaque foci</div><div>
<br /></div>
1391251054013 1384318139939 this is a pyogenic granuloma that is growing out
of a tooth that has been extracted = piece of calculus growing out of the socke
t<div>what is the name of this granuloma </div>
Epulis Granulomatosa&nbs
p;
1391251086452 1384318139939 <div>Clinical features and micro</div><div><span
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>red vascular tissue growing out of a rece
nt extraction site or</div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>socket (may mimic a pyogenic granuloma)</div><div><span class
style="white-space:pre"> </span>made up of granulation tissue</div><div><span c
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>painless, bleeds easily</div><div><span cla
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>metastatic carcinomas occasionally masquerade
as this</div><div><br /></div> Epulis Granulomatosa
le="white-space:pre"> </span>uncommon orally, but common on other parts of the b
ody (especially neck)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:

pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>bucc
al mucosa more common oral area</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
/span>slow growing</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>if pt.
loses weight, it will not decrease in size</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span
ace:pre"> </span>yellowish, pedunculated (sessile), soft</div><div><span class="
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>blood vessels on surface usually visible</div><di
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>if deep in tissue may feel like cy
st</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>8)<spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>age: 30+</div><div><br
/></div>
Lipoma (Liposarcoma)
le="white-space:pre"> </span>nodular painless mass</div><div><span class="Appletab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="
white-space:pre"> </span>uncommon oral lesion but nearly 25 to 50% occur in head
and neck region</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually s
low growing</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp
an>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>any age</div><
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>tongue most common intraoral sit
e</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>6)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>can also occur in bone (
usually mandible)</div><div><br /></div>
Neurolemmoma (Schwannoma)
le="white-space:pre"> </span>several forms</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span
ace:pre"> </span>involves skin (most common site) and oral mucosa</div><div><spa
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>elevated smooth-surfaced nodular mass</d
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>orally occurs on buccal muco
sa, palate and tongue most </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="w
hite-space:pre"> </span>commonly</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="w
</span>may be located within the jaws (central neurofibroma)</div><div><span cla
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may be a cause of macroglossia</div><div><spa
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>appears in one out of 3,000 births</div>
<div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>8)<span class=
"Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>oral lesions occur in 72 to 92%
of cases</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span
>9)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may have small t
o large nodules to baggy pendulous masses (elephantiasis neuromatosa)</div><div>
<br /></div>
Neurofibroma
1391252687479 1384318139939 <div>Disease of Skin</div><div>1)<span class="Ap
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>hereditary form</div><div><span cl
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>lesion multiple (may have up to 1000)</div><
Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>majority of patients show cafe-a
u-lait spots</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>15% of cases

show sarcomatous degeneration</div><div><br /></div>
Von Recklinghausen s Dis
ease of Skin
1391252868235 1384318139939 after amputation nerve can keep growing and grow
s into a ball. this dz is called what Traumatic (Amputation) Neuroma
-space:pre"> </span>not true neoplasm (this is a reactive lesion), but attempted
repair of damaged nerve</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>u
sually follows sectioning of nerve</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
> </span>usually appears as a small nodule</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span
ace:pre"> </span>usually a few mm in diameter (less than 0.5 cm in diameter)</di
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>pain upon pressure (not all p
ainful)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>6
)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may occur in bone<
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>mental nerve area common l
ocation (also tongue and lower lip)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style
"> </span>usually middle-aged adults</div><div><br /></div>
Traumatic (Amput
ation) Neuroma
1391253100166 1384318139939 To see if its true hemangioma, what simple test
can you do
push on it and it should BLANCH if it is a hemangioma
1391253141413 1384318139939 do you do incisional or exicional biopsies with
Hemangiomas?<div>-why </div>
excisional<div>-because you dont want bl
eeding</div>
1391253581417 1384318139939 large flat lesions of the skin are referred to a
s birthmarks
Hemangioma
1391253648154 1384318139939 a unilateral hemangioma on the face following th
e division of the trigeminal nerve is called a port-wine stain
1391253673464 1384318139939 older patients may have identical look-alike les
ions to hemangiomas which usually represent what problem<div>-cause usually by w
hat</div>
aneurysm-like dilatations of venules known as varices. <di
v>-These may be caused by trauma</div>
1391253722633 1384318139939 Hemangioma capillary type<div><br /></div><div>c
avernous type</div>
numerous small vascular channels<div><br /></div><div>la
rge, dilated vessels</div>
1391253871020 1384318139939 ONE OF THE MAIN COMPLAINTS OF PT IS NOSE BLEEDS,
AND ANEMIA
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (Rendu-Osler-Weber Disease
)
le="white-space:pre"> </span>hereditary</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" s
:pre"> </span>telangiectasia is a form of a hemangioma</div><div><span class="Ap
le="white-space:pre"> </span>numerous telangiectasias on skin, mucosa and gastro
intestinal</div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>Tract</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>tend to unde
rgo repeated hemorrhage</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>5)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>mo
re appear as patient gets older</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
/span>epistaxis may be an early sign</div><div><br /></div>
Hereditary Hemor
rhagic Telangiectasia (Rendu-Osler-Weber Disease)

le="white-space:pre"> </span>Portwine nevi - present at birth in skin areas suppli
ed by trigeminal</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Usually u
nilateral</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span
>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May have vascula
r hyperplasia orally</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:p
re"> </span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Neuro
logical manifestations related to leptomeningeal </div><div><span class="Ap
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>angiomas and calcifications <span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div><div><span class="A
pple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" st
yle="white-space:pre"> </span>may have convulsive disorders</div><div><span clas
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span
" style="white-space:pre"> </span>may have mental retardation</div><div><br /></
div>
Sturge-Weber Syndrome
1391254071251 1384318139939 dz that is a variant of a hemangioma
Sturge-W
eber Syndrome
1391254250336 1384318139939 is a rare variety of lymphangioma that occurs in
neck and is characterized by large, cyst-like lymphatic vessels
cystic h
ygroma
le="white-space:pre"> </span>uncommon in oral cavity</div><div><span class="Appl
="white-space:pre"> </span>slow growing mass which usually occurs on posterior p
ortion</div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan>of tongue</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>tumor is enc
apsulated, painless, firm and may be multinodular</div><div><br /></div>
Leiomyoma
le="white-space:pre"> </span>occurs anywhere, especially tongue (50%+)</div><div
le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>all ages</div><div><span class="App
e="white-space:pre"> </span>may clinically exhibit hyperkeratosis</div><div><spa
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2:1, F/M ratio</div><div><span class="Ap
le="white-space:pre"> </span>asymptomatic sessile nodule up to 2 cm in diameter<
/div><div><br /></div> Granular Cell Tumor
le="white-space:pre"> </span>present at birth</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-s
-space:pre"> </span>usually in maxillary anterior gingiva</div><div><span class=
style="white-space:pre"> </span>much more common in females (90%)</div><div><spa
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>occurs as smooth pink to red nodular mas
s up to several cm in diameter</div><div><br /></div> Congenital Granular Cell
Epulis
1391255460773 1384318139939 <div>Clinical features </div><div><span cla
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually occurs in infants (rare neoplasm)</di
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually occurs in anterior ma
xilla</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>usually occurs as ra

pidly growing dark pigmented lesion (LOOK MALIGNANT)</div><div><span class="Appl
="white-space:pre"> </span>usually non-ulcerated</div><div><span class="Apple-ta
ite-space:pre"> </span>may appear on x-ray as malignant neoplasm</div><div><span
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>patients have high levels of vanilmadelic
acid in urine</div><div><br /></div> Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infan
cy
1391626874289 1374198547816 what causes Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor)
(3)
<div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Prim
ary immunodysregulation</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>De
crease of mucosal barrier</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
Increase of antigenic exposure</div><div><br /></div>
1391651892245 1384318139939 <div>sunscreen location may prevent which type o
f herpetic lesions </div> Recurrent Herpes Simpex
1391652839709 1384318139939 <div>Recurrent Intraoral Herpes Simplex</div><di
v>is Often precipitated by</div><div><br /></div>
dental treatment
1391654897926 1384318139939 Infectious Mononucleosis cause Epstein-Barr vir
us
1391656497362 1384318139939 Herpangina cause
Coxsackie group A virus,
types 1 - 6, 8, 10, 16 & 22
1391656530657 1384318139939 Aphthous Pharyngitis cause
Coxsackie group
A virus, types 1 - 6, 8, 10, 16 & 22
1391656894881 1384318139939 Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease cause
Coxsacki
e A16
1391656988238 1384318139939 <div>Measles (Rubeola)</div><div>Spreads how</di
v><div><br /></div>
direct contact <div><br /></div><div>or </div>
<div><br /></div><div>droplet infection (by respiratory tract)</div>
1391657216366 1384318139939 Rubella (German Measles) cause togavirus
1391657414306 1384318139939 Condyloma Acuminatum (Venereal Wart) cause
HPV-6, HPV-11, HPV-16, HPV-18
1391657527570 1384318139939 Candidiasis (Moniliasis, "Thrush") etiology
Yeast-like fungus - Candida albicans
1391657711658 1384318139939 Candidiasis (Moniliasis, "Thrush") affects indiv
iduals with what conditions (2)....REEEALLY generalized <div><br /></div><d
iv>erase this one if its useless to you...its useless to me</div>
1) debil
itated persons, <div>2) chronic disease (i.e. diabetics)</div>
1391658855337 1384318139939 Histoplasmosis cause
histoplasma capsulatum
1391658879553 1384318139939 Acquired by inhalation of dust containing spores
probably from excrete of birds Histoplasmosis
1391659433792 1384318139939 <div>Coccidiomycosis </div><div>Caused by</
div><div><br /></div> inhalation of dust contaminated by spores of Coccidioide
s immitis
1391660358892 1384318139939 <div>Impetigo </div><div>Superficial skin i
nfection caused by </div><div><br /></div> strep pyogenes and staph
1391660413893 1384318139939 bacterial oral infection caused by streptococcal
organism (beta hemolytic type) Scarlet Fever
1391660456682 1384318139939 Scarlet Fever causative organism
streptoc
occal organism (beta hemolytic type)
1391660582686 1384318139939 Syphilis cause Treponema pallidum
1391660607221 1384318139939 organism that moves by active flexion of the spi
ral body
Treponema pallidum
1391661836839 1384318139939 in the serous exudate the organisms can be demon
strated by darkfield microscope, which organism treponema pallidum = syphilis
1391662846941 1384318139939 <div>Congenital syphilis</div><div>can be transm
itted how</div> congenitally through the placental circulation
1391663780488 1384318139939 <div>Congenital syphilis</div><div>not transmite

d before what month</div><div><br /></div>
4th
1391664887706 1384318139939 Noma cause
rapidly progressive infection by
a normal oral flora which has become pathogenic in an immune compromised indivi
dual
-space:pre"> </span>Anaerobic, gram-positive, nonacid-fast, filamentous bacteria
</div><div><br /></div> Actinomycosis
1391664988712 1384318139939 Normal component of oral flora (found in plaque,
calculus, caries)
Actinomycosis
1391665010763 1384318139939 Different family types occur in oral cavity, but
A. Israelii usually causes facial infections
Actinomycosis
1391665039874 1384318139939 Actinomycosis bacteria causing facial infections
A. Israelii
1391627864894 1374198547816 Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor) treatment g
ood in 70% of cases
tetracycline mouthwash 1391627996472 1374198547816 an anthelmintic agent for apthous stomatitis min
or, 60% get improvement another study showed no improvement
Levamisole
1391652171725 1384318139939 these herpes capsules may be considered in serio
us episodes where the lesion interferes with daily function.<div>name that med</
div>
oral Acyclovir (Zovirax)
1391652278167 1384318139939 name all the Oral herpes ointments listed in the
lecture (6)
<div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp
an>Vidarabine (Vira-A) ophthalmic ointment 5%</div><div>-<span class="Appl
e-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Acyclovir (Zovirax) topical oi
ntment 5%</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </spa
n>Penciclovir (Denavir)</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span>Abreva (OTC)</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>Zovirax cream 5% (new)</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-sp
an" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Valtrex tablets 2 gm 12 hrs apart for 1 day
only (new)</div><div><br /></div>
1391654273922 1384318139939 Chickenpox (Varicella) tx for skin lessions
Antivirals, <div><br /></div><div>antipyretics</div>
1391657499572 1384318139939 Condyloma Acuminatum (Venereal Wart) tx excision
, <div><br /></div><div>cryotherapy, </div><div><br /></div><div>laser
</div>
1391658818501 1384318139939 Candidiasis (Moniliasis, "Thrush") treatments to
pical and systemic agents
<div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>Nystatin oral suspension</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-spa
n" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>Nystatin ointment</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
"white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>Nystatin troches</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>My
celex troches</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </
span>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Fluconazole (
Diflucan)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span
>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Ketoconazole (Niz
oral)</div><div><br /></div>
1391659249499 1384318139939 <div>Histoplasmosis </div><div>Treatment&nb
sp;</div><div><br /></div>
- Amphotericin B has been effective
1391659365286 1384318139939 <div>Blastomycosis </div><div>Treatment</di
v><div>-and in severe cases</div>
<div>Mild cases do not require treatment
</div><div>-Amphotericin B</div><div><br /></div>
1391659718811 1384318139939 <div>Coccidiomycosis </div><div>Treatment</
div><div>mild cases</div><div><br /></div>
do not require treatment
1391659747794 1384318139939 <div>Coccidiomycosis </div><div>severe case
s treated with</div><div><br /></div> Amphotericin B
1391659822490 1384318139939 Impetigo <br /><div><br /></div><div>bacter
ial/viral/fungal?</div> Bacterial
1391659943545 1384318139939 Scarlet Fever<br /><div><br /></div><div>bacteri
al/viral/fungal?</div> bacterial
1391659967906 1384318139939 Syphilis <br /><div><br /></div><div>bacter
ial/viral/fungal?</div> bacterial
1391659994097 1384318139939 <div>noma</div><div>bacterial/viral/fungal?</div
>
bacterial
1391660045765 1384318139939 <div>Actinomycosis </div><div>bacterial/vir
al/fungal?</div>
bacterial
1391660073209 1384318139939 <div>Cat Scratch </div><div>bacterial/viral
/fungal?</div> bacterial
1391660098447 1384318139939 <div>Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor) <
/div><div>bacterial/viral/fungal?</div> none of the above!!
1391660137157 1384318139939 <div>Herpetiform Aphthous </div><div>bacter
ial/viral/fungal?</div> none
1391660160457 1384318139939 <div>Aphthous Major (Sutton s Disease) &nbs
p;</div><div>bacterial/viral/fungal?</div>
none
1391660179844 1384318139939 <div>Aphthous Pharyngitis   </div
><div>bacterial/viral/fungal?</div>
viral
1391660228724 1384318139939 <div>Herpangina</div><div>bacterial/viral/fungal
?</div> viral
1391660245074 1384318139939 <div>Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease </div><di
v>bacterial/viral/fungal?</div> viral
1391660279583 1384318139939 <div>Thrush</div><div>bacterial/viral/fungal?</d
iv>
fungus
1391660311870 1384318139939 <div>Moniliasis</div><div>bacterial/viral/fungal
?</div> fungal
1391626722602 1374198547816 what is the duration of Aphthous Stomatitis (Aph
thous Minor) lessions USUALLY 3 to 7 days
1391626830231 1374198547816 How often do NEW Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous M
inor) lessions occur
every couple of months or a couple times a year
1391644457011 1384318139939 In most cases, infection occurs early in life, n
ot before six months<div>T/F</div>
T
1391644503589 1384318139939 In most cases, infection occurs early in life, u
sually before six months<div>T/F</div> F - not before six months
1391647613445 1384318139939 <div>the Herpes Virus can survive how many hours
on <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div><div><spa
n class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>environmental surfaces<
/div><div><br /></div> 2 to 4
1391651706370 1384318139939 Recurrent Herpes Simpex occurs how often
<div>May occur as often as once a month, or maybe once a year</div><div><br
/></div>
1391651767244 1384318139939 Recurrent Herpes Simpex<div>Duration </div>
4 to 10 days
1391652755268 1384318139939 <div>Recurrent Intraoral Herpes Simplex</div><di
v>Generally heal within how long</div><div><br /></div> 7 to 10 days
1391653147113 1384318139939 <div>Herpetic Whitlow (Inoculation Herpes Simple
x)</div><div>May last how long</div><div><br /></div> 4-6 weeks
1391653783840 1384318139939 <div>Chickenpox (Varicella) </div><div>Last
s how long</div><div><br /></div>
7 to 10 days
1391656476740 1384318139939 <div>Infectious Mononucleosis </div><div>Re
solves in how long</div><div><br /></div>
4-6 weeks
1391656603178 1384318139939 <div>Herpangina, (Aphthous Pharyngitis) </d
iv><div>often have sporadic outbreaks in U.S.</div><div>usually during what time
of the year?</div><div>-autumn</div><div>-winter</div><div>-spring</div><div>-s
ummer</div><div><br /></div>
summer
1391656683625 1384318139939 <div>Herpangina, Aphthous Pharyngitis </div
><div>duration</div>
Mild and short duration (1 week)
1391656800641 1384318139939 Herpangina, Aphthous Pharyngitis heal in how lon
g a few days
1391661953693 1384318139939 primary syphilis heals in how long

several
weeks (3 weeks to 2 months)
1391662133164 1384318139939 <div>Secondary stage</div><div>occurs how long a
fter primary lesion</div><div><br /></div>
six weeks
1391662156748 1384318139939 <div>Secondary stage syphilis</div><div>begins h
ow long after original contact</div><div><br /></div> 8 to 20 weeks
1391662254845 1384318139939 <div>In Secondary stage</div><div> syphilis
lesions undergo spontaneous remission within how long</div><div><br /></div>
a few weeks
1391663800422 1384318139939 <div>in Congenital syphilis</div><div>abortion m
ay occur if infected before what month</div><div><br /></div> 4th
1391663828682 1384318139939 <div>In Congenital syphilis</div><div>after what
month will you see dead fetuses</div><div><br /></div> 4th
1391663931936 1384318139939 after what month will you expect to see syphilis
lesions of a child which are the same as lesions seen in adults?
4th
1391644164019 1384318139939 <div>Herpes Simplex</div><div>Affects tissue der
ived from:</div><div><br /></div><div>-mesioderm</div><div>-endoderm</div><div>ectoderm </div><div>-embrioderm</div><div><br /></div>
ectoderm
1391644388959 1384318139939 <div>A dermatropic virus, in that it resides wit
hin cells of </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span>ectodermal origin</div><div><br /></div>
herpes simplex
1391647646942 1384318139939 <div>Histology</div><div><span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>"Ballooning degeneration"</div><div><span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>Lipshutz bodies (intranuclear inclusions)</div><div><br /><
/div> Acute Herpetic Gingivostomatitis
1391658797598 1384318139939 <div>Histologic Features</div><div><span class="
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>Hyphae may be cultured in a variety of media (inc
luding blood sugar, Sabouraud s broth)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" st
pre"> </span>Also may be examined on microscopic slide using 20%</div><div><span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span> <span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>potassium hydroxide to look for typical hy
phae<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div><div><spa
b-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>On micro slides more easily visualized w
ith a PAS stain</div><div><br /></div> Candidiasis (Moniliasis, "Thrush")
1391665605732 1384318139939 does histoplasmosis have granulomatous inflamati
on?
yes
1390779180036 2094571718
Pallor and fibrosis of the soft palate in a betel quid chewer. The uvula has ret
ained its normal color.</div> Oral submucous fibrosis
1390779232438 2094571718
<img src="paste-6116033429916.jpg" /><div>Mucosa
l biopsy exhibiting hyperparakeratosis, basilar hyperplasia, and fibrosis in the
lamina propria.</div> Oral submucous fibrosis
1390779312780 2094571718
</div><div>This extensive leathery, white change of the hard palate in a pipe sm
oker is sprinkled throughout with numerous red papules, which represent inflamed
salivary duct openings. The gingival mucosa also is keratotic.</div> Nicotine
stomatitis
1390779363344 2094571718
<img src="paste-6193342841250.jpg" /><div>dz?</d
iv><div>how does this palate appear?</div>
Nicotine stomatitis<div><br /></
div><div>like "dried mud"</div>
1390779418899 2094571718
<img src="paste-6283537154466.jpg" /> Nicotine
Stomatitis<div><ol><li>Close-up of the inflamed ductal openings of involved sal
ivary glands of the hard palate. Note the white keratotic ring at the lip of man
y of the inflamed ducts.</li></ol></div>
1390779445581 2094571718
<img src="paste-6326486827424.jpg" /><div>There
is hyperkeratosis and acanthosis of the palatal epithelium. Note the squamous me

taplasia of the minor salivary gland ducts.</div>
Nicotine stomatitis
1390779484243 2094571718
<img src="paste-6360846565810.jpg" /><div>A plaq
ue of the skin of the face with a rough, sandpaper-like surface.</div> Actinic
keratosis
1390779519946 2094571718
<img src="paste-6395206304168.jpg" /><div>A blur
ring of the interface between the vermilion mucosa and the skin of the lip is es
pecially noted in this case.</div>
actinic cheilosis
1390779588930 2094571718
<img src="paste-6438155977110.jpg" /><div>Cruste
d and ulcerated lesions of the lower lip vermilion.</div>
actinic cheilosi
s
1390779620971 2094571718
<img src="paste-6472515715482.jpg" /><div>Hypero
rthokeratosis and epithelial atrophy. Note the striking underlying solar elastos
is.</div>
Actinic cheilosis
1390779648124 2094571718
<img src="paste-6506875453848.jpg" /><div>small
chronic ulceration developed here</div> Squamous cell carcinoma arising in actin
ic cheilosis. <div><ol><li>Patient with actinic cheilosis of the lower lip,
who developed a small, chronic ulceration. Biopsy revealed early invasive squam
ous cell carcinoma.</li></ol></div>
1390779724025 2094571718
<img src="paste-6635724472724.jpg" /><div>Hyperc
hromatic and slightly pleomorphic nuclei are noted in the basal and parabasal ce
ll layers of this stratified squamous epithelium.</div> Mild epithelial dysplasi
a.<div>(keratosis with dysplasia)</div>
1390779939887 2094571718
<img src="paste-6781753360792.jpg" /><div>Saliva
ry gland duct exhibiting squamous metaplasia and dysplasia that originated from
an overlying surface epithelial dysplasia.</div>
Ductal dysplasia. <
div>Keratosis with dysplasia</div>
1390779985529 2094571718
Dysplastic changes extend to the midpoint of the epithelium and are characterize
d by nuclear hyperchromatism, pleomorphism, and cellular crowding.</div>
Moderate epithelial dysplasia.<div><br /></div><div>keratosis with dysplasia</di
v>
1390780021363 2094571718
<img src="paste-6850472837546.jpg" /><div>Dyspla
stic changes extend throughout the entire thickness of the epithelium.</div>
Carcinoma in situ.<div><br /></div><div>Keratosis with dysplasia</div>
1390780051465 2094571718
<img src="paste-6884832575912.jpg" /><div>Epithe
lium exhibiting marked pleomorphism, hyperchromatism, and scattered mitotic figu
res. Atypical cells involve most of the epithelial thickness.</div>
Severe e
pithelial dysplasia.<div><br /></div><div>Keratosis with dysplasia</div>
1390780084935 2094571718
<img src="paste-6936372183428.jpg" />
1390780185044 2094571718
<img src="paste-7048041333190.jpg" /><div>A, Lar
ge, diffuse, and corrugated white lesions of the buccal mucosa and tongue.
</div><div>B, Same patient showing the extensive thickened and fissured alterati
on of the tongue.</div> Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL)<div><ol><li>di
ffuse white/papillary areas of oral mucosa with varing dgres of epithelial hyper
plasia. </li><li>It has the potential to develop into verrucous carcinoma o
r well-defferentiated squamous cell carcinoma</li><li>F:M 4:1</li><li>appear as
"warty" clinically</li></ol></div>
1390780361991 2094571718
al term?</div><div>lesion is seen on the right floor of the mouth with no associ
ated leukoplakia. Biopsy showed early invasive squamous cell carcinoma.</div>
Erythroplakia
1390780436717 2094571718
<img src="paste-7297149436324.jpg" /><div>Clinic
al term?<br /><div>Mixed red-and-white lesion of the lateral border of the tongu
e. Biopsy revealed carcinoma in situ.</div></div>
Erythroleukoplakia
</div> Erythematous halo encircling a yellowish ulceration of the lower labial
mucosa. Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor)
1391654716939 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5514738008227.jpg" /><div>Two ul
cerations of different sizes located on the maxillary labial mucosa.</div>
female dental student who doesn t smoke and both of her parents have this happen
Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor)
1391654815559 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5656471929003.jpg" /><div>Single
ulceration of the anterior buccal mucosa.</div>
female had prodromal itc
hing and burning<div>no vesicle formed</div><div>painful to eat spicy foods</div
>
Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor)
1391654891538 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5763846111403.jpg" /><div>no ves
icle formed</div>
what are some associated conditions in a minority of cas
es associated with this?
Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor)<div><div><b
r /></div><div>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Be
het syndrome</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp
an>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Crohns disease<
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Celiac disease</div><div><
-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Deficiencies in folic acid, vitamin B
12, iron</div></div><div><br /></div>
1391654984158 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5901285064839.jpg" /> how to t
x
Aphthous Stomatitis (Aphthous Minor)<div><br /></div><div>topical steroi
ds</div>
1391655023141 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5948529705129.jpg" /> large, d
eep, and irregular ulceration of the posterior buccal mucosa. Note extensive sca
rring of the anterior buccal mucosa from previous ulcerations. Aphthous Major (
Sutton s Disease)
1391655069536 1389053809033 <img src="paste-5987184410795.jpg" /> La
rge, irregular ulceration of the soft palate.<div>may have genital lesions</div>
<div>may have scarring</div>
Aphthous Major (Sutton s Disease)
1391655139646 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6034429051048.jpg" /> female 2
5yrs<div>mainly found on non-keratinized tissue</div><div>no blisters formed fir
st</div>
Herpetiform Aphthous
tial dx of picture only Herpetiform aphthous ulcerations<div><br /></div><div>Ac
ute Herpetic Gingivostomatitis (primary herpes)</div>
</div> <div>Widespread yellowish mucosal ulcerations.</div><div>mainly likes gi
ngival tissue.</div><div>first time this has happened</div>
Primary herpetic
stomatitis (herpetic gingivostomatitis)
1391655579915 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6519760355495.jpg" /><div><ol><l
i>Numerous coalescing, irregular, and yellowish ulcerations of the dorsal surfac
e of the tongue.</li><li>rare to see this in someone under 6 months old</li></ol
></div><div><br /></div>
what are the early signs?
Primary herpetic
stomatitis (herpetic gingivostomatitis) <div><br /></div><div>bleeding &am
p; painful gingiva</div>
1391655682948 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6670084210857.jpg" /><div>Painfu
l, enlarged, and erythematous palatal gingiva.</div>
what might this cause in
adults?
Acute Herpetic Gingivostomatitis (primary herpes)<div><br /></di
v><div>Adults: pharyngotonsilitis</div>
1391656294750 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6820408066218.jpg" /> Altered
epithelial cells exhibiting "_______", margination of chromatin, and multinuclea
tion.<div><br /></div><div>The intranuclear inclusions are called?</div>
Herpes Simplex<div><br /></div><div>"ballooning degeneration"</div><div>Lipshutz
bodies (intranuclear inclusions)</div>
1391656401343 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6940667150499.jpg" /> Multiple
fluid-filled vesicles on the lip vermilion.
Herpes labialis (Recurrent herpe
s simplex, "cold sore" "fever blister")
1391656501834 1389053809033 <img src="paste-6975026888871.jpg" /> usually
occurs on muco-cutaneous junction<div><div>Preceded by burning sensation 24 hour
s</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>then swelling (in cluster
s)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>then vesicles (1 mm in d

iameter)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>then ulcerates and
gets crusty</div></div><div><br /></div>
Herpes labialis (Recurrent herpe
s simplex, "cold sore" "fever blister")
1391656556798 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7022271529127.jpg" /><div>Early
lesions exhibiting as multiple erythematous macules on the hard palate. Lesions
appeared a few days after extraction of a tooth.</div> what is this typically N
OT seen with? Intraoral recurrent herpetic infection.<div><br /></div><div>(no
t seen with herpes labialis)</div>
1391656626927 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7108170875044.jpg" /><div>
this person just saw the dentist</div> where do you typically see it? recurren
t intraoral herpes simplex<div><br /></div><div>mucosa bound to periosteum (hard
palate and gingiva)</div>
1391656754120 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7258494730407.jpg" /> common i
n health care workers (not so much anymore)<div>what can you see this with?</div
>
Herpetic Whitlow (Inoculation Herpes Simplex)<div><br /></div><div>Recur
rence may occur along with herpes labialis</div>
1391656816150 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7335804141733.jpg" /> Numerous
mucosal erosions, each of which is surrounded by a slightly raised, yellow-whit
e border, in a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia chronic herpetic infecti
on
shallow herpetic erosions with raised, yellow and circinate borders on the maxi
llary alveolar ridge in an immunocompromised patient. Chronic herpetic infecti
on- could be AIDS related herpes
1391656895557 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7413113553059.jpg" /><div><div><
br /></div></div>
<div>Histology</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" st
yle="white-space: pre"> </span>1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
: pre; "> </span>"Ballooning degeneration"</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span
" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space: pre; "> </span>Lipshutz bodies (intranuclear inclusions)</div> Herpes s
implex
1391656954839 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7451768258887.jpg" /> infant w
ith diffuse erythematous and vesicular rash
Chickenpox (Varicella) HZ varice
lla-zoster virus
1391657022418 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7584912244901.jpg">
Numerous
maculopapular vesicles with surrounding erythema and early crusting which may l
eave scars<div><br></div><div>Entry via respiratory tract</div> Chickenpox (Vari
cella) Herpes Zoster; varicella-zoster virus
aste-7718056231237.jpg" /><div><br /></div>
tx?<br /><div><br /></div>
Chickenpox (Varicella) H.Z. (varicella-zoster virus)<div><br /></div><div>
antivirals, antipyretics</div>
1391657215807 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7778185773220.jpg" /> Cluster
of vesicles with surrounding erythema of the skin.<div>Adults</div><div><div>2)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>May follow trauma</d
iv><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Fever, pa
in and tenderness along nerve, migraine headache, <span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span></div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="
white-space:pre"> </span>Trunk often affected</div><div>5)<span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Unilateral</div></div><div><br /></div>
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
1391657277011 1389053809033 <img src="paste-7829725380777.jpg" /><div>extrem
ely painful</div><div>inflammation fo dorsal root ganglia (or cranial nerve gang
lia)</div>
what was the primary disease
Herpes Zoster (Shingles) <d
iv><br /></div><div>Primary:Chickenpox (Varicella)</div>
crusting facial vesicles that<b> extend to the midline.</b>
Herpes Zoster (s
hingles)<div><br /></div><div>(remember taht it is unilateral and affects the tr
igiminal nerve)</div>
aste-8147552960678.jpg" /><img src="paste-8160437862712.jpg" /> you should know
this based on only these pictures combined
Herpes zoster (shingles)
1391657699789 1389053809033 <img src="paste-8203387535525.jpg" /><div>Hyperp
lastic pharyngeal tonsils with yellowish crypt exudates</div> I like to call t
his the Katy Perry Dz<div><br /></div><div>what is the virus?</div>
Infectio
us Mononucleosis<div><br /></div><div>Epstein Barr Virus</div><div><br /></div><
div>I kissed a girl....</div><div><img src="paste-8242042241565.jpg" /></div>
1391657851981 1389053809033 <img src="paste-8362301325476.jpg" /><div>Numero
us petechiae of the soft palate.</div> pt had fever, fatigue, malaise, plymphad
enopathy, pharyngitis, hepatosplenomegaly, rhinitis<div><br /></div><div>also th
ey have ANUG</div>
Infectious Mononucleosis
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Often have sporadic
outbreaks in U.S., usually summer</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style
="white-space:pre"> </span>Usually children</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-s
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Mild and short duration (1 week)</div><div>
4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Sore throat, feve
r, headache, then small ulcers on hard and soft palate (and tongue)</div><div>5)
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Ulcers are preceded
by small vesicles</div><div><br /></div><div>what is the virus?</div> Herpangi
na, Aphthous Pharyngitis <div><br /></div><div>Coxsackie group A virus</div
>
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Young children (5 mo
nths to 5 years)</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre
"> </span>Maculopopular, exanthematous and vesicular lesions of the skin </
div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Anorexia
, low-grade fever, nausea, vomiting, etc.</div><div><br /></div><div>virus?</div
>
Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease <div><br /></div><div>Coxsackie A16 (a
nd some other types)</div>
aste-8770323218597.jpg" />
just from these 2 pics....
hand foot and mo
uth disease
1391658234711 1389053809033 <img src="paste-8804682956963.jpg">
Numerous
blue-white <b>Kopliks spots</b> of buccal mucosa. <div><br></div><div>Rubel
la or Rubeola? </div><div>Measles or German Measles?</div> Measles (Rubeola
) <div><br></div><div>Rubio is a measley cop that licks spots and cums befo
re she gets a rash.</div>
1391658362451 1389053809033 <img src="paste-8950711845029.jpg"><div><img src
="paste-8963596746922.jpg"></div>
which clinical feature do you see first?
Rash or Koplick spots? Measles (Rubeola)<div><br></div><div>Koplick spots (oral
) comes 2-3 days before skin rash</div><div><br></div><div>rubio is a measley co
p that licks spots and cums 2-3 days before she gets a rash.</div>
aste-9216999817702.jpg" />
What do these two studs have in common? Rubella
(German Measles)<div><br /></div><div>The German Measles (Alex) is caused by the
"Toga"virus</div>
1391658919792 1389053809033 <div>Rubell, the german stud.</div><div>His toga
is kinda german-measely...</div><img src="paste-9101035700910.jpg">
what cou
ld this toga donning german stud cause? Rubella (German Measles) (togavirus)<div
><br></div><div><div><b>CRS</b> (Congenital Rubella Syndrome )</div><div><span c
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>a)<span class="Apple-tab-s
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span><b>deafness (80%)</b>- from all the ladies
screaming</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span
>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><b>heart disease
</b>- from all the heart breaks</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
ite-space:pre"> </span>c)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> <
/span><b>cataracts</b>- because their eyes couldn t handle the sexiness</div></d
iv><div><br></div>
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Associated with HPV6, HPV-11, HPV-16, HPV-18</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whitespace:pre"> </span>Lesions develop at site of sexual contact or trauma</div><div
>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Make up about 20
% of all STD s</div><div>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>Usually occur on non-keratinized area</div>
Condyloma Acuminatum (Ve
nereal Wart)
1391659144025 1389053809033 <img src="paste-9968619094203.jpg" /> A, Class
ic curdled milk appearance of the oral lesions<div>B, Removal (arrow) reveal
s a mildly erythematous mucosal surface. </div>
Pseudomembranous candidi
asis
1391659419259 1389053809033 <img src="paste-10131827851583.jpg" /> The patc
hy, denuded areas (not the white areas) of the dorsal tongue represent ________.
The patient had received a broad- spectrum antibiotic. erythematous candidiasis
1391659472209 1389053809033 <img src="paste-10174777524409.jpg" /><div>A, Se
vere presentation of central papillary atrophy. In this patient the lesion was a
symptomatic. <div><br /></div><div>B, Marked regeneration of the dorsal ton
gue papillae occurred 2 weeks after antifungal therapy with fluconazole.</div></
div>
often found with who? Erythematous candidiasis. (Denture Stomatitis)<d
iv><br /></div><div>pts wearing dentures</div>
1391659569521 1389053809033 <img src="paste-10312216478243.jpg" /> you shou
ld know from the picture alone<div>asymptomatic</div> Median Rhomboid Glossiti
s (Candidiasis)<br /><div><br /></div><div><div>a)<span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>Erythematous zone in posterior dorsal surface of
tongue</div><div>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
Asymptomatic</div><div>c)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> <
/span>Loss of filiform papillae</div></div><div><br /></div>
1391659706366 1389053809033 <img src="paste-10372346020007.jpg" /> Characte
ristic lesions appear as fissured, erythematous alterations of the skin at the <
b>corners of the mouth.</b>
Angular Cheilitis (Perleche) (Candidiasis)
1391659769195 1389053809033 <img src="paste-10411000725672.jpg" /> This les
ion of the anterior buccal mucosa clinically resembles a leukoplakia because it
is a white plaque that cannot be removed by rubbing. <div>With antifungal t
herapy, such a lesion should resolve completely.</div> Chronic Hyperplasti
c candidiasis
1391659858338 1389053809033 <img src="paste-10453950398648.jpg" /> <div>A,
These diffuse white plaques clinically appear as leukoplakia, but they actually
represent an unusual presentation of_________</div><div><br /></div><div>B, Trea
tment with clotrimazole oral troches shows complete resolution of the white lesi
ons within 2 weeks, essentially confirming the diagnosis of __________. </d
iv><div>If any white mucosal alteration had persisted, a biopsy of that are
a would have been mandatory.</div>
Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis.
1391659912856 1389053809033 <img src="paste-10539849744889.jpg" /> <div>a)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Seen in some patient
s with immunologic disorders</div><div>b)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>Occurs on mucous membranes, skin and nails</div><div><br /
></div> Mucocutaneous Candidiasis
>This ulcerated granular lesion involves the maxillary buccal vestibule and is e
asily mistaken clinically for carcinoma. Biopsy established the diagnosis.
Widespread in Mississippi Valley and northeastern U.S. Histoplasmosis
1391661391431 1389053809033 <img src="paste-10746008174763.jpg" /> dissemin
ated from the lungs. <div>The lesion clinically resembles carcinoma; becaus
e of this high- risk site, biopsy is mandatory.</div><div><br /></div><div>how i
s this aquired?</div> Histoplasmosis<div><br /></div><div>Acquired by <b>inhal
ation of dust containing spores probably from excrete of birds</b></div>
1391661483193 1389053809033 <img src="paste-10827612553485.jpg" /> This gra
nular erythematous plaque.<div>caused by something that grows in rich moist soil
.</div><div>symptoms of TB.</div>
Blastomycosis
paste-10973641441440.jpg" />
Skin lesions begin as red papules which decrease
in size to form tiny miliary abscesses which discharge pus<div><br /></div><div
><div>oral lesions resemble those of actinomycosis or squamous cell </div><
/div><div><br /></div> Blastomycosis
1391661729481 1389053809033 <img src="paste-11042360918182.jpg" /> Granular
exophytic and indurated mass on the buccal mucosa.<div><br /></div><div>Systemi
c disease is characterized by fever, weight loss, and lung with a productive cou
gh (TB like)</div>
blastomycosis
></div> Common in southwestern part of U.S
Coccidiomycosis (San Joaquin Val
ley Fever)
1391661960498 1389053809033 <img src="paste-11227044511978.jpg" /><div>Amber
crusts of the skin and vermilion border of the lips.</div>
<div>Clinical Fe
atures</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>1)
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Often seen in young
children in epidemics</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Occ
urs in areas of dermatitis, cuts, trauma, etc.</div><div><span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit
e-space:pre"> </span>First occurs as fragile vesicles which then rupture to leav
e crusty areas often occurring around mouth</div><div><br /></div><div>what
causes this?</div>
Impetigo<div><br /></div><div>strep pyogenes (group A st
reptococcus) and staph aureus</div><div><br /></div>
1391662096653 1389053809033 <img src="paste-11295763988721.jpg" /> Sc
aly and amber-colored crusts of the perioral skin.
Impetigo<div><br /></div
><div>(strep pyogenes and staph a. cause this)</div>
1391662135494 1389053809033 <img src="paste-11381663334635.jpg" /> Dorsal s
urface of the tongue exhibiting white coating in association with numerous enlar
ged and erythematous fungiform papillae <div><b>(white strawberry tongue </
b>followed by a <b>raspberry tongue)</b>.</div><div><br /></div><div>what causes
this?</div>
Scarlet Fever <div><br /></div><div>streptococcal organism
(beta hemolytic type)</div>
1391662283996 1389053809033 <img src="paste-11467562680569.jpg" /> <div>-<s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>when on tongue, usual
ly at tip</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </spa
n>when on lip, usually a crusty lesion</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" s
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>found on middle of lip (upper more common than lo
wer)</div><div>-<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>in
the serous exudate the organisms can be demonstrated by darkfield microscope</di
v><div><br /></div><div>Specific: what is it?</div>
Chancre of primary syphi
lis
1391662423204 1389053809033 <img src="paste-11600706666732.jpg" /> oral les
ions are called <b>mucous patches</b> (these are multiple, painless, grayish-whi
te plaques on ulcerated surface)
secondary syphilis
src="paste-11763915423979.jpg" /></div> oral lesions: <b>Mucous patches</b>
secondary syphilis
1391662769262 1389053809033 <img src="paste-12137577578734.jpg" /> Perforat
ion of the hard palate.<div><br /></div><div>painless granulomas may form which
become necrotic - <b>gumma</b> (chief lesion) (sharp, punched-out ulcers) 2 to 1
0 mm in size</div>
Tertiary syphilis.
paste-12197707120877.jpg" />
can be transmitted congenitally through the plac
ental circulation, usually not before 4th month Late Congenital Syphilis <d
iv><br /></div><div><b>Hutchinson s incisors</b>- maxillary incisors</div><div><
b>Mulberry molars</b>- maxillary 1st molars</div>
paste-12335146074349.jpg" />
classic triad you see with this?
Late Con
genital syphilis<div><br /></div><div>1) dental abnormalities - </div><div>

2) eighth nerve deafness and </div><div>3) interstitial kera
titis - </div><div><br /></div><div>(dental changes <b>only in permanent te
eth</b> and those that begin to calcify first year of life (<b>maxillary incisor
s and first molars</b>) <b>"screw-driver"</b> shape of anterior (<b>notched inci
sal edge and "mulberry molar"</b>)</div>
></div> <div>This lesion shows clinical similarity between the oral lesions of&n
bsp;</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<sp
an class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>erythema multiforme</d
iv><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span clas
s="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>erosive lichen planus</div><d
iv><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>-<span class="Ap
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>herpetic stomatitis</div><div><div
>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Lips may develop
painful ulcerations</div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space
:pre"> </span>Gingiva may become erythematous</div><div>5)<span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Tongue may show red, dry ulcerations or b
ecome glazed and swollen with painful ulcerations</div></div><div><br /></div><d
iv>Rare in oral cavity, STD</div><div><br /></div>
Gonococcal stomatitis
1391663465085 1389053809033 <img src="paste-12945031431244.jpg" /> Just a g
ood review I found
http://dentistryandmedicine.blogspot.com/search/label/Or
al Pathology
1391663599418 1389053809033 <img src="paste-13142599925995.jpg" /><div>Chron
ic mucosal ulceration of the ventral surface of the tongue on the right side.&nb
sp;</div>
pan>Oral lesion uncommon (3.5%)</div><div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="
white-space:pre"> </span>Tongue, tonsils, posterior aspect of mouth</div><div>3)
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Usually a painful u
lcer, but may also be red nodular or papillary lesion (especially if gingival le
sion)</div><div>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>M
ay also involve jaw bones</div><div><br /></div>
Tuberculosis<div><br /><
/div><div>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</div>
1391663798227 1389053809033 <img src="paste-13207024435433.jpg" /> <div>Ora
l Manifestations</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Oral lesi
on uncommon </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"
> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Tongue,
tonsils, posterior aspect of mouth</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
> </span>Usually a painful ulcer, but may also be red nodular or papillary lesio
n (especially if gingival lesion)</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="
white-space:pre"> </span>4)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>May also involve jaw bones</div><div><br /></div>
Tuberculosis
paste-13258564042992.jpg" /><img src="paste-13271448944877.jpg" /><img src="past
e-13284333846767.jpg" />
systemic and oral manifications Tuberculosis
1391663946380 1389053809033 <img src="paste-13404592931050.jpg" /> Sheets o
f histiocytes are intermixed with multinucleated giant cells and areas of necros
is.
Tuberculosis
1391663949094 1389053809033 <img src="paste-13778255085838.jpg" /> Acid-fas
t stain exhibiting scattered mycobacterial organisms presenting as small red rod
s.
Tuberculosis
1391663976853 1389053809033 <img src="paste-13804024889604.jpg" /><div>A, La
rge area of soft tissue necrosis of the posterior soft palate on the left side.&
nbsp;<div><br /></div><div>B, Healing site of necrotizing mucositis 6 days after
initiation of tetracycline therapy.</div></div>
Found in African Childre
n<div><br /></div><div>may begin as what?</div> NOMA
1391664120534 1389053809033 <img src="paste-13838384627950.jpg">
seen in
African children<div>may begin as ANUG</div><div><br></div><div>treatment?</div>
<div>NOMA</div>antibiotics
1391664159621 1389053809033 <img src="paste-13958643712237.jpg" /><div>Drain
ing fistula of the right submandibular area.</div>
<div><ol><li>Anaerobic,
gram-positive, nonacid-fast, filamentous bacteria</li><li>Normal component of or
al flora (found in plaque, calculus, caries, etc.)</li><li>More common in mandib
le</li><li>may scar</li></ol></div><div><br /></div>
Actinomycosis
paste-14559939133672.jpg" />
Colony of _______ organisms surrounded by polymo
rphonuclear leukocytes. actinomycosis
The Papule that developed at initial site of injury.</div></div><div><br /></div
><div><img src="paste-14594298872252.jpg" /></div><div>1-3 weeks later. Submandi
bular lymphadenopathy has developed after initial trivial injury to skin.</div>
Treatment?
Cat Scratch Disease<div><br /></div><div>Self limiting, but it i
s bacterial in origin</div>
1390964689044 2094571718
<img src="paste-23085449216234.jpg" /><div><div>
forehead showing raised, rolled borders and focal ulceration. Fine, telangi
ectatic blood vessels can be seen on the surface.</div></div> Early noduloulce
rative basal cell carcinoma
1390964727568 2094571718
<img src="paste-23145578758388.jpg" /><div>Nodul
oulcerative lesion of the upper lip demonstrating telangiectasia and small ulcer
ation</div>
BCC
1390964747098 2094571718
<img src="paste-23171348562164.jpg" /><div>cheek
</div> BCC
1390964764164 2094571718
;Low-power photomicrograph showing ulceration of the epidermal surface associate
d with an invading tumor of hyperchromatic epithelial cells.<br /><div><br /></d
iv></div>
BCC<div><br /></div><div>Inset demonstrates islands of basophili
c epithelium with peripheral palisading.</div>
t 2014-01-15 at 8.55.56 AM.png" />
Ectodermal dysplasia
.png" /> Erosive<img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-15 at 9.04.07 AM.png" />
Lichen planus
.png" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-15 at 9.51.17 AM.png" /> Pemphigus
1389808320279 1360692053906 <img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-15 at 10.00.36 AM.
png" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-15 at 10.00.28 AM.png" /><img src="Screen S
hot 2014-01-15 at 10.00.21 AM.png" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-15 at 10.00.3
1 AM.png" />
Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid
hot 2014-01-15 at 10.25.18 AM.png" /> Erythema multiforme
hot 2014-01-15 at 10.28.34 AM.png" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-15 at 10.28.2
8 AM.png" />
Lupus Erythematosus
png" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-15 at 10.30.13 AM.png" /> Psoriasis
png" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-15 at 10.31.42 AM.png" /> Epidermolysis bu
llosa
hot 2014-01-15 at 10.36.01 AM.png" /> Scleroderma

png" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-15 at 10.39.51 AM.png" /> Darier s Disease
png" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-15 at 10.40.44 AM.png" /> Warty Dyskeratom
a
1389900433410 1360692053906 How does ectodermal dysplasia manifest in the nu
mber of teeth? hypodontia
1389902423707 1360692053906 What is etiology and contributing factors for li
chen planus?
Cell mediated immune process<div>High strung personalities</div>
<div><br /></div>
1389902547170 1360692053906 where is the most common place where lichen plan
us can be found?
buccal mucosa
1389902739694 1360692053906 which is the most common type of lichen planus?
reticular form
1389902796040 1360692053906 What are treatment options for Lichen planus?
Kenalog in orabase<div>Lidex</div><div>Temovate</div><div>Decadron</div>
1389903089132 1360692053906 What is etiology for Pemphigus? Autoantibodies a
gainst desmosomes
1389903181447 1360692053906 What is the difference in the location of bliste
r formation in pemphigus and Benign membrane pemphigoid?
1: blister above
basal membrane<div>2: blister below basal membrane</div>
1389903288599 1360692053906 Nikolsky s sign manifests in? Pemphigus<div>Be
nign mucous pemphigoid</div>
1389903313708 1360692053906 What is the best method for diagnosis of pemphig
us?
<div>direct immunofluorescence</div>
1389903411617 1360692053906 What is the etiology for benign mucous membrane
pemphigoid?
autoimmune against basement membrane
1389903552164 1360692053906 which disease manifests with target lesions?
erythema multiforme
1389903725475 1360692053906 What is the severe form of erythema multiforme?
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
1389903773854 1360692053906 in which disease is acantholysis seen? Pemphigu
s&darier s disease&warty dyskeratoma
1389903929151 1360692053906 What is histologic differential between pemphigu
s and mucous bullous pemphigoid?
location of bullae or vesicles
1390168034915 1360692053906 What is the etiology for Lichen planus? cell-med
iated immune process
1390171355003 1360692053906 which dieases presents with Auspitz sign?
Psoriasis
1390173921942 1360692053906 which form of epidermolysis bullosa include oral
lesions?
Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
1390364866359 1360692053906 Which disease manifests microscopically with saw
tooth rete riges?
Lichen planus
1389330105948 1381262663025 what are the 7 treament planning principles?
required diagnostic info<div>indications for fixed prosth</div><div>contraindica
tions for fixed prosth</div><div>modifiers to tx plan</div><div>retainer selecti
on</div><div>occlusal analysis</div><div>diagnostic waxing</div>
1389330242579 1381262663025 what are the 8 parts of charting?
1. chief
complaint<div>2. medical hx</div><div>3. perio eval</div><div>4. caries</div><d
iv>5. eval of existing restorations</div><div>6. vitality testing</div><div>7. T
MJ eval</div><div>8. occlusal eval</div>
1389330302669 1381262663025 what are the 4 aspects of a chief complaint?
comfort<div>esthetic</div><div>functional</div><div>social</div><div><br></div><
div>Es SoCo Fun?</div>
1389330341408 1381262663025 what are the 3 things included in "required diag
nostic info"? charting<div>radiographs</div><div>articulated casts</div><div><
br></div><div>CAR-Charting, Articulated casts, Radiographs.</div>
aste-1258425417819.jpg" /><div>identify: retainer, pontic, connector, abutment p
rep, and edentulous ridge</div> slide 34/141<br /><div><br /></div>
1389330641144 1381262663025 name the 2 indications for FDP placement

missing teeth<div>alternative to ortho (poor choice)</div><div><br /></div>
1389330754299 1381262663025 why are missing teeth bad? (7) teeth drift<div>
malalignment</div><div>caries</div><div>perio</div><div>esthetic problems</div><
div>decreased chewing efficiency</div><div>speech difficulties</div><br><br>reme
mber Es SoCo Fun? Esthetics, Social, Comfort, Function. missing teeth are bad
for the same reasons that prosth is good
1389330825743 1381262663025 what does FDP stand for?
fixed dental pro
sthesis
1389330866068 1381262663025 contraindications for FPD placement? (7)
poor physical health<div>poor oral hygiene</div><div>TMJ symptoms</div><div>para
fxnl habits</div><div>inadequate abutment support</div><div>inadequate crown len
gth</div><div>inadequate occlusal-gingival space </div>
1389330994915 1381262663025 what is a cantilever bridge?
pontic balanced
off one abutment
1389658133933 1381262663025 modifiers to tx plan for FDP? (13)
endodont
ic requirements<div>tipped teeth</div><div>super erupted abutments or opposing t
eeth</div><div>root shape and length</div><div>opposing occlusion</div><div>musc
ulature</div><div>habit patterns</div><div>caries history</div><div>general heal
th</div><div>dental IQ</div><div>esthetics</div><div>finances</div><div>biomecha
nical principals</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div>
1389658361604 1381262663025 what is Ante s law?
for an FDP, the periceme
ntal area of all abutment teeth should be equal to or greater than the pericemen
tal area of the tooth or teeth being replaced<div>-or-</div><div>the root area o
f the teeth being replaced has to be equal or less than the abutment teeth root
area.</div>
1389658609256 1381262663025 avg cost of FDP?
$950-1500
1389658627342 1381262663025 for an FDP, if you increase the distance 2x, how
much will bend increase?<div><br /></div><div>" 3x "</div>
2x distance = 8x
bend<div>3x distance = 27x bend</div>
1389658698667 1381262663025 inter-arch space should be at least how thick?
4 mm minimum (5 mm if porcelain)
1389658870769 1381262663025 True or false? Bending varies proportionately wi
th the cube of the thickness
False, bending varies inversely with the cube of
the thickness
1389658898863 1381262663025 how much occlusal force do RPDs and FDPs place o
n teeth vs natural teeth?
RPD = 26 lbs<div>FPD = 54 lbs</div><div>natural
teeth = 150 lbs</div>
1389658944679 1381262663025 for an FDP, what type of retainer is: <div>
seldom used</div><div>used for minimal stress areas</div><div>for a clean mouth?
</div> onlay
for long teeth</div><div>short span</div><div>for clean mouth</div><div>used in
light to moderate stress areas</div>
3/4 crown
used for the same indicators as 3/4 crowns except can be used on shorter teeth</
div><div>used in moderate stress areas</div>
7/8 crown
used in heavy stress areas</div><div>used to achieve max retention</div><div>dic
tated by location of caries</div>
full coverage retainer
1389659135663 1381262663025 purpose of occlusal analysis? (2) give exs
1. determine type of occlusion:<div>group fxn<div>bilateral balanced</div><div>m
utually protected<div><br /></div><div>2. detect pathologic conditions:</div><di
v>eccentric interferences</div><div>lateral working & nonworking & protr
usive movements</div></div></div><div>wear</div><div>malocclusion</div><div>cros
s/open bite</div>
1389659324742 1381262663025 info reqd for occlusal analysis? (5)
accurate
dx casts<div>casts articulate to reproduce mand. movements</div><div>intramural
exam of teeth</div><div>intramural exam of jaw movements</div><div>hx of TMJ sy
mptoms</div>
1389661519138 1381262663025 procedure for CO-MI evaluation? 1. have pt close

teeth into habitual bite<div>2. with pt supine, support angles of mandible so c
ondyles are seated in articular disc against articular eminence</div><div>3. arc
mandible closed until 1st tooth contact made.</div><div>4. from 1st contact, ha
ve pt squeeze teeth together into MI. note amount and direction of mandibu
lar movement. any movement of mandible indicates "centric prematurity"</di
v><div>5. repeat step 3 w articulating paper to determine location of prematurit
ies</div>
1389661636987 1381262663025 procedure (intraoral) for excursive movements?
1. starting w pt in MI have pt keep max and mand teeth touching while sliding ma
ndible laterally<div>2. evaluate for posterior contacts on working side. m
ultiple contacts indicate "group fxn." absence of contacts indicates "mutu
ally protected." presence of single contact indicates "working side premat
urity" or "interference."</div><div>3. evaluate nonworking side for posterior co
ntacts. note number and location of contacts, which are "nonworking interf
erences" or "balancing interferences"</div><div>4. repeat steps 1-3 for opposite
side</div><div>5. for protrusive, have pt slide mandible anteriorly w teeth in
contact until incisors are end to end. evaluate and note contact, which is
considered "protrusive interferences"</div>
1389661814354 1381262663025 rationale for diagnostic waxing? (2)
to deter
mine what changes can be made in the tooth<div>to allow the construction of a mo
del for making a thermoplastic or putty mold</div>
1389661906049 1381262663025 what aspects of the teeth can be changed in diag
nostic waxing? <div>shape and position</div><div>width (esthetics)</div
><div>length (phonetics)</div><div>horizontal overlap (occlusal fxn)</div><div>v
ertical overlap</div><div>axial contours (excursive)</div><div>occlusal surfaces
</div>
1390884369812 1384318139939 is there risk of malignancy with LEUKOEDEMA ?
no
1390884654351 1384318139939 is there risk of malignancy for Linea Alba
no
1390885315435 1384318139939 can Squamous Papilloma become malignant?
yes - but its RARE
1390885670252 1384318139939 can Dysplastic Oral Warts cause cancer? yes
1390885690151 1384318139939 CAN Dysplastic Oral Warts cause invasive carcino
ma
no. not yet reported.
1390885822822 1384318139939 types of Condyloma Acuminatum (Venereal Warts) t
hat are considered high risk
HPV 16, 18 and 31
1390885979403 1384318139939 Condyloma Acuminatum (Venereal Wart) in ano
genital areas, infected with <b>these strains of HPV </b>are associated with an
increase in squamous carcinoma HPV 16 and HPV 18
1390886571458 1384318139939 do Verruciform Xanthomas run the risk of becomin
g malignant?
no
1390887023750 1384318139939 White Sponge Nevus can show malignant transforma
tion<div>T/F</div>
F
1390887050616 1384318139939 White Sponge Nevus cant show malignant transform
ation<div>T/F</div>
T
1390887121176 1384318139939 is Leukoplakia capable of malignancy? yes - it
s a premalignant lession
1390887264200 1384318139939 sanguinaria puts you at risk for what skin condi
tion? leukoplakia
1390887315544 1384318139939 iron deficiency anemia puts you at risk for what
skin condition?
Leukoplakia
1390887337484 1384318139939 candida puts you at risk for what skin condition
?
Leukoplakia
1390887393561 1384318139939 actinic radiation puts you at risk for what skin
condition?
Leukoplakia
1390887397031 1384318139939 Betel quid (paan) puts you at risk for what skin
condition?
Leukoplakia
1390887436163 1384318139939 CAUSES 40% OF ORAL CANCER IN INDIA FROM SMOKELES
S TOBACCO<div>-common skin lession seen</div> Betel quid (paan) <div>-leu

koplakia</div>
1390884110144 1384318139939 races involved in leukoedema
1) black <d
iv>2) dark skinned white</div>
1390884137869 1384318139939 leukoedema is seen more in what type of individu
als (hint: not race)<div>-how does incidence decrease</div><div>-other causes</d
iv>
seen more in smokers; <div>-decreases with smoking cessation</div><
div>-alcohol</div><div> bacteria</div>
1390884854704 1384318139939 Squamous Papilloma is usually seen in older, adu
lts, young, or children young people
1390886317602 1384318139939 Verruciform Xanthoma found in which age pts<div>
-sex?</div>
over 40 years of age <div>-(1:2, M/F ratio)</div>
1390886770486 1384318139939 Keratoacanthomas rarely occurs intraorally<
div>T/F</div> T
1390886798436 1384318139939 Keratoacanthomas commonly occur intraorally
<div>T/F</div> F
1390886811225 1384318139939 Keratoacanthomas are rarely found in patien
ts under 45 years of age<div>T/F</div> T
1390886840271 1384318139939 Keratoacanthomas are commonly found in pati
ents under 45 years of age<div>T/F</div>
F
1390429287450 1384318139939 <div>when looking at these three criteria of Beh
cet syndrome. Which of these three is the most common?</div><div><br /></div>1)<
span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Recurrent genital ul
cerations<div>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Ocu
lar lesions which have been confirmed by an ophthalmologist </div><div>3)<s
pan class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Cutaneous lesions or
+ pathergy test</div> 1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre">
</span>Recurrent genital ulcerations<div><br /></div>
1390429797589 1384318139939 test similar to the TB which when positive can b
e used as one of the diagnosis for Behcet syndrome
pathergy test
1390429871153 1384318139939 potato nodes reffer to what type of enlarged nod
es<div>-dz?</div>
enlarged hylar nodes<div>-sarcoidosis</div>
1390429924038 1384318139939 bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy is characteristi
c of what type of sarcoidosis 1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Lfgren syndrome
1390429982763 1384318139939 erythema nodosum is characteristic of what
type of sarcoidosis
1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>Lfgren syndrome
1390430059959 1384318139939 parotid enlargement is characteristic of w
hat type of sarcoidosis 2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>Heerfordt syndrome (uveoparotid fever)
1390430087303 1384318139939 anterior uveitis of the eye is characterist
ic of what type of sarcoidosis 2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>Heerfordt syndrome (uveoparotid fever)
1390430199873 1384318139939 facial paralysis is characteristic of what
type of sarcoidosis
2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>Heerfordt syndrome (uveoparotid fever)
1390430231034 1384318139939 fever is characteristic of what type of sar
coidosis
2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>H
eerfordt syndrome (uveoparotid fever)
1390430246473 1384318139939 Which of these is not characteristic of Heerford
t syndrome (uveoparotid fever):<div><br /></div><div>a- parotid enlargement &nbs
p;</div><div>b- erythema nodosum </div><div>c- anterior uveitis of the eye<
/div><div>d- facial paralysis</div><div>e- fever.</div> b-erythema nodosum
1390430338370 1384318139939 Which of these is not characteristic of<span cla
ss="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Lfgren syndrome:<div><br /></
div><div>a- erythema nodosum </div><div>b- bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
c- arthralgia</div><div>d- parotid enlargement </div><div><br /></div>
<div>d- parotid enlargement </div><div><br /></div>
1390430421518 1384318139939 what do you call the pale areas in a biopsy of a
person with potato nodes granuloma

e:pre"> </span>ORAL LESSIONS + GRANULOMA = what dz?
SARCOIDOSIS
1390430627587 1384318139939 clinical term for bloody nose<div>-immunologic d
z that characteristically has this</div>
URT - Wegener granulomatosis
1390430743362 1384318139939 clinical term for coughing up blood<div>-immunol
ogic dz that has this problem</div>
hemoptysis<div>-LRT wegener granulomatos
is</div><div><br /></div><div>LRT=lower respiratory tract</div>
1390430790109 1384318139939 ANCA is indicative of what dz Wegener Granulom
atosis
1390884217415 1384318139939 Histology<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>- acanthosis, parakeratosis and intracellular edema
LEUKOEDEMA
1390884523795 1384318139939 Histology hyperorthokeratosis, intracellular ede
ma
Linea Alba
e-space:pre"> </span>long thin finger-like projection of squamous epithelium&nbs
p;</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>contai
ning a thin connective tissue core</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style=
> </span>may show hyperkeratosis</div><div><br /></div> Squamous Papilloma
e-space:pre"> </span>pointed projections from surface epithelium</div><div><span
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>thickened keratin</div><div><span class="
tyle="white-space:pre"> </span>viral inclusion may be seen in upper spinous laye
r</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>4)<span
class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>inflammation in connecti
ve tissue</div><div><br /></div>
Verrucous Vulgaris
e-space:pre"> </span>acanthosis</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh
/span>mitosoid cells are sometimes seen in squamous epithelium</div><div><span c
pan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>virus-like pantical have been noted in the
cytoplasm and nuclei</div><div><br /></div>
Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia (He
ck s disease)
1390886465896 1384318139939 <div>Histology</div><div><span class="Apple-tabspan" style="white-space:pre"> </span>1) hyperparakeratotic surface with el
ongated rete ridges</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pr
e"> </span>2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>large
swollen "foam" cells (histiocytes) in connective tissue papillae between epithel
ial pegs</div><div><br /></div> Verruciform Xanthoma
1390886511193 1384318139939 large swollen "foam" cells consist of what cell
types (histiocytes and xanthoma cells)
1390886532335 1384318139939 histiocytes and xanthoma cells make up what type
of unique cell large swollen "foam" cells
1390886554390 1384318139939 large swollen "foam" cells (histiocytes and xant
homa cells) are found in which epithelial condition
Verruciform Xanthoma&nbs
p;
e-space:pre"> </span>abnormal keratin production = keratin tissue appears to be
invading inward, so it appears to be malignant SCC or Basal Cell= it looks malig
nant = grows faster than SCC</div><div><br /></div>
Keratoacanthoma
1390887007167 1384318139939 <div>Histology</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-
span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit

e-space:pre"> </span>epithelium shows acanthosis and hyperparakeratosis</div><di
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>surface shows intracellular edema<
lass="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>parakeratin plugs may run
deep into spinous layer</div><div><br /></div> White Sponge Nevus
e-space:pre"> </span>acanthosis, hyperkeratosis and hyperparakeratosis</div><div
le-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>possibly some mild inflammation</di
v><div><br /></div>
Leukoplakia
1378263892812 1360692053906 What are cause, pathogenesis, and clinical featu
res of contact dermatitis?
topically applied chemicals<div>delayed hypersen
sitivity</div><div>itching, burning or both</div>
1378263974058 1360692053906 What are clinical features of atopic dermatosis?
erythematous plaques
1378264062962 1360692053906 What is cause and pathogenesis of drug-related e
czematous dermatitis? Systemically administered drug<div>Immediate type hypers
ensitivity</div>
1378264367308 1360692053906 T/F Erythema Multiforme is self-limited.
True
1378264443669 1360692053906 What are clinical features of Erythema multiform
e?
Rapid onset<div>macules, papules, vesicles, bullae</div><div>Target lesi
on</div>
1378264587267 1360692053906 What is treatment for Erythema Multiforme?
Paliative
1378264681505 1360692053906 How can Stevens-Johnson Syndrome be life-threate
ning? dehydration<div>secondary infections</div>
1378264704098 1360692053906 What are chronic inflammatory dermatoses?
Psoriasis<div>Lichen Planus</div><div>Lupus</div>
1378264748049 1360692053906 What type of hypersensitivity occurs in Lichen P
lanus? Type IV
1378265081561 1360692053906 What are histologic features of Lichen Planus?
Irregular acanthosis with rete ridges (saw tooth)<div>Parakeratosis</div><div>Li
quefactive degeneration of basal cell layer</div><div>Cytotoxic lymphocytes in s
uperficial dermis</div>
1378266051979 1360692053906 What is treatment for Lichen Planus?
topical
corticosteriods
1378266142282 1360692053906 What type of hypersensitivity is involved in Pem
phigus vulgaris?
Type II
1378266522208 1360692053906 What are targets of autoantibodies in Pemphigus
vulgaris?
Desmoglein 3, 1
1378266931476 1360692053906 What are histological features of Pemphigus Vulg
aris? Intraepithelial vesicle and acantholysis
1390884636666 1384318139939 Linea Alba cause
may be due to biting buc
cal mucosa or negative pressure due <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-sp
ace:pre"> </span>to habits such as sucking cheeks
1390885231187 1384318139939 Squamous Papilloma main cause Human Papilloma
Virus(HPV)-especially subtypes <b>6 & 11</b> in 50% of lesions
1390885272673 1384318139939 how is Squamous Papilloma transmitted person t
o person
1390885450154 1384318139939 what is the cause of Verrucous Vulgaris
1) HPV-2, <div>2) HPV-4, </div><div>3) HPV-6 </div><div>4) HPV-40
</div>
1390885634023 1384318139939 Dysplastic Oral Warts are caused by what
HPV subtypes 16 and 18
1390885776635 1384318139939 Condyloma Acuminatum (Venereal Warts) are mainly
related to what viruses
HPV-6 and HPV-11
1390886172418 1384318139939 Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia (Heck s disease) ca

use
(human papillomavirus types 13 and 32)
1390886392851 1384318139939 Verruciform Xanthoma is a sessile or pedunculate
d lession caused by HPV<div>T/F</div> F! "probably not HPV"
1390886451451 1384318139939 Verruciform Xanthoma is a sessile or pedunculate
d lession that is probably not caused by HPV<div>T/F</div>
T
1390886856640 1384318139939 <div>Etiology </div><div><span class="Apple
"white-space:pre"> </span>unknown, theories include genetic, viral (HPV), trauma
tic, & </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre">
</span>chemical carcinogens</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>2) <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </s
pan>Possible sun damage</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spac
e:pre"> </span>3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>ma
y arise from hair follicles or within pilosebaceous apparatus</div><div><br /></
div>
Keratoacanthoma
1394401795324 1390161073008 what are the techniques used for fabricating FPD
provisional restorations (3) A. Direct technique<div>B. Indirect technique</d
iv><div>C. Indirect - Direct technique</div>
1394401864713 1390161073008 which technique is:<div><br /></div><div>-Fabric
ated intra-orally</div><div>-Fabricated on cast</div><div>-Shell fabricated on cas
t and then relined intra-orally</div> -Direct<div>-indirect</div><div>-indirec
t/direct technique</div>
1394401935124 1390161073008 which fabrication technique is Less time involve
d than other techniques direct
1394401959377 1390161073008 which technique is Convenient if no assista
nt and/or lab facilities
direct
1394402084799 1390161073008 in which technique is Heat generated by cur
ing resin
direct
1394402108064 1390161073008 in which technique will Distortion be cause
d by removing provisional before it is fully cured to avoid<div>locking into und
ercuts</div>
direct
1394402273022 1390161073008 in which fabrication technique will you have&nbs
p;Contamination of resin by oral fluids direct
1394402310731 1390161073008 in which technique will Resin be less dense
(porosity) because it is not cured under pressure
direct
1394402334198 1390161073008 in which technique May you evaluate abutmen
t preparations before final impression indirect
1394402363046 1390161073008 which technique will for Reduced trauma to
abutments and surrounding tissues
indirect
1394403995002 1390161073008 which technique allows Patient rests while
provisional is being fabricated on bench
indirect
1394404012563 1390161073008 Resin is more dense if cured under pressure&nbsp
;<div>this is an advantage of what technique</div>
indirect
1394404131273 1390161073008 which techniques are more time involved indirect
<div><br /></div><div>and</div><div><br /></div><div>indirect/direct</div>
1394404167776 1390161073008 in what technique Must you make additional
impression and cast
indirect
1394404223162 1390161073008 in which techniques are Abutments exposed to les
s heat than direct technique
indirect/direct
1394404249323 1390161073008 Shell resin denser if cured under pressure<div>whe
n using what fabrication technique</div>
indirect/direct
1394404292298 1390161073008 Extra lab time involved prior to patients prepara
tion appointment<div>when using what fabrication technique</div>
indirect
/direct
1394404343347 1390161073008 Potential for extra chair time if shell needs adju
stment to seat on<div>when using what fabrication technique</div>
indirect
/direct
1394404372114 1390161073008 what are the aesthetic considerations for A
nterior Provisional FPDs (3) 1) pontics should mimic natural tooth replaced<d
iv>2) gingivo-occlusal pontic length</div><div>3) mesiodistal width of retainers

and pontic</div>
1394404479832 1390161073008 what are the mechanical considerations for
Anterior Provisional FPDs
1) open embrasures<div>2) interproximal connecti
ons</div>
1394404518757 1390161073008 why do you want open embrasures when making&nbsp
;Anterior Provisional FPDs
<div>a. Access for hygiene</div><div>b. No impin
gement on gingival tissues or edentulous ridge</div>
1394404613606 1390161073008 what can you do to maximize dimensions to compen
sate for weakness of resin material
Interproximal connectors
1394404652085 1390161073008 what is the function of interproximal connectors
Maximize dimensions to compensate for weakness of resin material
1394404729779 1390161073008 open embrasures will meet esthetic or mechanical
considerations mechanical
1394404785433 1390161073008 interproximal connectors will meet esthetic or m
echanical considerations
mechanical
1394404798436 1390161073008 gingivo-occlusal pontic length will meet estheti
c or mechanical considerations esthetic
1394404820676 1390161073008 mesio-distal width will meet esthetic or mechani
cal considerations
esthetic
1394404842678 1390161073008 resin has what strength compared to metal
1/20 the strength of metal
1394405037887 1390161073008 which FDP provisional restoration is fabricated
extraorally
indirect
1394405228619 1390161073008 if you have too much monomer when using the dire
ct FDP provisional restoration technique what will happen?
you will
get distortion = open margins
1394405399924 1390161073008 why is there contamination with the direct techn
ique
because you are working directly on the mouth
1394405433594 1390161073008 why is resin less dense when using the direct te
chnique because it is not cured under pressure
1394405502832 1390161073008 what 2 things can you do to prevent the disadvan
tages brought upon by the direct technique
1) interim material in pontic ar
ea of thermoplastic splint<div>or</div><div>2) putty mold, and cure prior to add
ing retainers</div>
1394405833379 1390161073008 technique in which you make an impression of you
r prep and pour in snap stone<div>-why would you want to use this technique</div
>
indirect<div>-so you dont worry about contamination</div>
1394405925238 1390161073008 technique that allows you to have more dense res
in<div>-why is the resin more dense</div>
indirect<div>and</div><div>indir
ect/direct techniqeu</div><div>-because you can cure under pressure</div>
1394406022581 1390161073008 technique in which you save lots of clinic time
but have lots of lab time
indirect/direct technique
1394406096068 1390161073008 <div>Prepare shallow diagnostic preparations on
cast</div><div>- Proceed to make shell</div><div>interim restoration</div><div>- P
repare patients teeth</div><div>- Fit, adjust and reline provisional on patient</
div>
indirect/direct technique
1394406212699 1390161073008 as you go more posterior contacts should be high
er or lower or the same level higher<div><img src="paste-13202729467905.jpg" /
></div>
1394406262116 1390161073008 <img src="paste-13310103650305.jpg" /><div>why i
s this situation a problem?</div>
it can becoma a food trap
1394406329467 1390161073008 when adjusting gingivo-occlusal pontic length do
you want a contact that:<div>-is suspended above the gingiva</div><div>-is touc
hing and blanching the gingiva</div><div>-is touching but not blanching the ging
iva</div><div>-is embeded in the gingiva</div> touching but not blanching the g
ingiva
1394406505630 1390161073008 what is the golden proportion ratio for mesio-di
stal width
1.618 : 1
1394406545555 1390161073008 which is the best interproximal tool for access
to hygene in anterior provisional FPD

floss
1394406650162 1390161073008 what is the first step in polishing:<div>what sh
ould you use?</div><div>what speed?</div><div>what to avoid? </div>
1) wet flour pumice<div>2) slow speed</div><div>3) dont touch margins and proxim
als</div>
1394406726096 1390161073008 what is the second step in polishing:
<div>what speed should you use for high shine?</div><div>what pressure should yo
u use?</div><div>wet or dry?</div>
high speed<div><br /></div><div>light pr
essure</div><div><br /></div><div>dry</div>
1394406809677 1390161073008 should you see daylight under FPD or not?
you should not see daylight
1394406852484 1390161073008 when constructing a working cast should you pin
edentulous ridges or only areas with teeth?
edentulous redges pined too
1394406891320 1390161073008 what is the rule of thumb when cutting edentulou
s ridges?<div>-get within 1mm of margin</div><div>-get within 2mm of margin</div
><div>-get within 3mm of margin</div><div>-get within 4mm of margin</div>
within 1mm
1394407041013 1390161073008 in clinical cases how many casts do you need?<di
v><br /></div><div>and what type of casts are these</div>
2 casts:<div><br
/></div><div>a die cast</div><div>and</div><div>a solid cast (to check final pr
oduct)</div>
1394407098551 1390161073008 you are more apt to get distortions when?<div>-w
hen adding impression material</div><div>-when impression material is solidifyin
g</div><div>-when impression material is being removed</div><div>-when impressio
n material is dry</div> when removing impression material
1394407190964 1390161073008 what is most likely to cause distortion of impre
ssion materials?<div>-undercuts</div><div>-overcountouring</div><div>-underconto
uring</div>
undercuts
1392846333893 1390161073008 What are the classifications of porcelains used
in dentistry? (3)
- High Fusing (2350 - 2500 F)<div>- Medium Fusing (2000 - 2
300 F)</div><div>- Low Fusing (1300 - 1950 F)</div>
1392847179807 1390161073008 What are each of the types of porcelains used fo
r in dentistry?<div><div>- High Fusing</div><div>- Medium Fusing</div><div>- Low
Fusing</div></div>
<div>- High Fusing = Denture Teeth</div><div>- Medium Fu
sing = Jacket crowns and inlays</div><div>- Low Fusing = Veneering over cast met
al coping or ceramic coping.</div>
1392847257231 1390161073008 What is the main composition of Dental Porc
elains? (3)
1. Feldspar 80%<div>2. Quartz 15%</div><div>3. Kaolin</div>
1392847311930 1390161073008 What does Feldspar do in the porcelain?
Requirements of color and low iron oxide. It has the desirable property of retai
ning form during fusing (Resists rounding of mass).
1392847351154 1390161073008 What does Quartz do in the porcelain? Remains
unchanged at fusion temperature thus providing a framework for the other ingredi
ents.
1392847367491 1390161073008 What does Kaolin do in the porcelain? Refined
clay. Provides opaqueness to the porcelain. Mixed with water it becomes sticky a
nd aids in molding the mass during addition to the cast metal substructure.
1392847391902 1390161073008 What are other minor ingredients of porcelain?
Potash, soda, lime, and pigments are included in the remaining portion.
1392847500248 1390161073008 What is the Glass phase (Vitreous phase) du
ring porcelain processing? (3) <div>- Glass forms during fusion</div><div
>- Glass acts as matrix</div><div>- During subsequent firings, glass
will fuse at a lower temperature <i>(Goal is to fire as few times as possible)<
/i></div>
1392847635432 1390161073008 <div><div>During fusion, certain ingredients of
the porcelain react to form ____. The ____ acts as a matrix to bond the rem
aining components together. During subsequent firings the ____ phase will melt o
r fuse at a lower temperature than the other components.</div></div>
<div>All
blanks are: glass</div><div><br /></div>Definition of Glass Phase
1392847808637 1390161073008 What does fritting have to do with the glass pha
se? (3) <div>- Glass phase is quenched while still hot to make brittle</div><div>Aids in grinding into small particles</div><div>- This powder is called a frit</d
iv>
1392848000466 1390161073008 During the manufacture of low-fusing porcelains
the ingredients are mixed and fused thus <b>forming the glass phase</b> as
a matrix to hold the remaining components together. While still hot, the mass is
<b>quenched</b>, making the <b>porcelain extremely brittle </b>(This aids
in grinding the fused mass into the smallest particles possible). The resulting
powder will be used for porcelain addition to the metal substructure.<div><br />
</div><div>Defiition of?</div> Fritting
1392848129637 1390161073008 What are the color frits made of and which one d
o we have to know the function of?
Color frits are metallic oxides added (7
total), but we only need to know Tin oxide, because it increases the opacity.<d
iv><br /></div><div>Just as an overview</div><div><img src="paste-2924872729154.
jpg" /></div>
1392848305194 1390161073008 These are added during separate fritting process
es. This will provide the technician with an assortment of bottles of ground por
celain each with its specific color.<div><br /></div><div>Definition of?</div>
Color frits
1392848387275 1390161073008 What are the definition of Vacuum Firing?<div>What does it do?</div><div><img src="paste-3551937954342.jpg" /></div> <div>Bak
ing the porcelain in a furnace that has a pump to lower air pressure</div><div><
br /></div><div>- Porcelain is more dense (more life-like) </div><div>- Tra
nslucence is improved</div>
1392848729920 1390161073008 What is the Opacifier? (3) <div>- Ceramic l
ayer (opaque) baked onto metal substructure</div><div>- Masks the color of the m
etal</div><div>- Done after conditioning and before main porcelain addition
</div><div><br /></div><div><img src="paste-3569117823113.jpg" /></div>
1392848805979 1390161073008 A ceramic layer baked onto the cast substructure
to mask the color of the metal. This is done after degassing and before the mai
n porcelain addition.<div><br /></div><div>Definition for?</div>
Opacifie
r
1392849883437 1390161073008 How is condensation of porcelain defined?<div>What are the advantages? (2)</div>
<div>Packing particles of wet porcelain
together on the coping (done with spatulation & gentle vibration)</div><div>
- Excess water removed before firing</div><div>- Decreases porcelain shrinkage</
div>
1392850010087 1390161073008 Must overbuild modern porcelain by X% to account
for shrinkage 15
1392850032618 1390161073008 Packing of the particles of wet porcelain togeth
er and removing the water after addition to the metal but before firing. This re
duces shrinkage. Packing is usually done with spatulation and gentle vibration.
Water is removed with absorbent material such as blotting paper.<div><br /></div
><div>Definition for?</div>
Condensation
1392850059024 1390161073008 What is the Biscuit bake (Bisque)? (3)
<div>- Result of the initial firing of the main porcelain added after opaque</di
v><div>- Up to 15% shrinkage</div><div>- Forms glass bridges</div><div><br /></d
1392850147621 1390161073008 The firing of the initial oversized addition (de
ntal porcelain can shrink up to 15% during the first bake). This firing forms gl
ass bridges between the particles.<div><br /></div><div>Definition for?</div>
<div>Biscuit bake (Bisque)</div>
1392850167441 1390161073008 How is Glazing defined? (3)
<div>- Accomplis
hed without vacuum</div><div>- Involves flow of glass on the surface</div><div>Follow manufacturers instructions</div>
1392850259097 1390161073008 <div>Main parts of a procelain furnace (3)</div>
<div>- Rheostat</div><div>- Muffle</div><div>- Pyrometer</div>
1392850329078 1390161073008 What does the rheostat do in the furnace?
<div>Rheostat - regulates the flow of electricity into the heating coil (control
s temperature)</div>
1392850369255 1390161073008 What does the muffle do in the furnace? <div>Muf

fle - lined with fire clay, kao-wool or other ceramic materials to hold heat ins
ide</div>
1392850410092 1390161073008 What does the pyrometer do in the furnace?
Pyrometer - a gauge connected to the thermocouple indicating the temperature ins
ide the muffle (tells temperature)
1392850433966 1390161073008 Accuracy of the pyrometer is tested by observing
through hole in the muffle door the melting point of? (2)
<div>1. Gold (19
45 F)</div><div>2. Silver (1765 F)</div>
1392850522830 1390161073008 <div>Types of porcelain furnaces (3)</div>
<div>- Platinum wired muffle - heats to 2600F ( expensive)</div><div>- Nickel all
oy wired muffle - heats to 2000F (inexpensive)</div><div>- Air or vacuum muffle</
div>
1392850574479 1390161073008 Metal Conditioning Procedure (3)
<div>1.&
nbsp;Place coping on a saggar tray and place in porcelain furnace at 1200 F</div>
<div>2. Raise temperature at the rate of 100F per minute to 1850F under vacuu
m, and hold for 5 min</div><div>3. Release vacuum, remove and bench cool</div><d
iv><br /></div><img src="paste-4544075399348.jpg" />
1392850708065 1390161073008 After metal conditioning what should you notice
and do? (3)
<div>- A very thin gray oxide should appear on the metal surface
.</div><div>- Use caution not to contaminate surface with oils from the fingers.
</div><div>- Wrap coping in tissue paper/small container and store in a safe pla
ce.</div><div><img src="paste-4617089843387.jpg" /></div>
1392850758623 1390161073008 What is the equivalent to metal conditioning in
the Procera system?
Zirliner application onto the clean coping and firing it
on the correct setting
1392850860152 1390161073008 How can you clean a zirconia coping if it has di
rt or grease on it before applying zirliner?<div>- What can t you use?</div>
Clean coping with running water or steam cleaner<div>- Can t sandblast it with A
l<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> or glass polishing beads<br /><div><br /></div><
div><img src="paste-4767413698783.jpg" /></div></div>
1392850946301 1390161073008 What gets applied after the Zirliner is fired on
a procera crown?
Opaque porcelain layer
1392850982181 1390161073008 What is the purpose of the Opaque porcelain
layer? (3)
<div>- To mask out the color of the substructure</div><div>- The
color of the opaque porcelain compliments the body porcelain</div><div>- Aids i
n the bonding of the porcelain to the metal</div>
1392851033919 1390161073008 <div>Optimal thickness for opaque porcelain laye
r on metal coping? (3)</div>
<div>- The ultimate goal is to build the opaque
thick enough to mask the underlying metal color and no thicker.</div><div>- Firs
t application - cover the porcelain-bearing surface as evenly as possible maskin
g the metal.</div><div>- Second application - recoat the coping noting the areas
not masked after the firing of the first application (if needed)</div>
1392851138772 1390161073008 Opaque Porcelain Application Firing Cycle (Just
understand)
(Don t think he will test specifics, since it s automatic, maybe
just understand)<div><div>Firing cycle</div><div>- Dry the opaqued coping befor
e the open muffle at a temp. of 1000 F. Let stand for 2 min. and the place
in open muffle for an additional 3 min. -> Automatic oven program</div><
div>- Close door at 1200 degrees, close vacuum chamber, turn on vacuum, raise va
cuum to approx. 26 in. of Hg., raise temperature to 1800 degrees at the rate of
100 degrees per minute. </div><div>- At 1800 degrees, release vacuum, hold
for 1 min., remove the coping and examine for a grainy, eggshell appearance. &nb
sp;Let cool for 5 min.</div><div>- If thin spots are present, then more opaque m
ay be applied and refired. For the second firing the final temperature is lowere
d to 1780 F., under vacuum and held again for 1 min. without vacuum.</div><div>If one does not proceed to the build-up stage then place coping in tissue paper/
small container and store in a secure place away from contaminants.</div></div>
1392851258777 1390161073008 <div>ZirLiner is necessary for? (3)</div>
- Bond strength<div>- Color </div><div>- Fluorescence</div><div><br />
</div><div><i>(Note: ZirLiner can only be used in combination with zirconium oxi
de, several 5g powders are available in different shades)</i></div>

1392851355853 1390161073008 When compared to conditioning procera crowns wit
h ZirLiner, is the firing cycle longer or shorter than conventional metal-cerami
cs?
Longer
1392851465152 1390161073008 When applying ZirLiner, make sure that an even,
greenish shade effect is achieved prior to firing. After firing, the Zirliner is
about X mm thick.
0.1mm
1392851501769 1390161073008 Wash firing is the ___ of dental porcelain that
has controlled ___ and a homogenous ___.
foundation; shrinkage; bond
1392851575599 1390161073008 What color is the ZirLiner, Wash/Body, and Incis
al powder of Porcelain? - ZirLiner = Green<div>- Wash/Body = Pink</div><div>- In
cisal = Light Blue</div>
1392851747904 1390161073008 What powder do you use for the wash?
The dent
in/body/pink powder
1392851784704 1390161073008 Apply the wash onto what?
The previously Z
irLiner coated/fired coping
1392851815685 1390161073008 How thick should the wash be?<div>- What happens
if it s too thick?</div>
Thin, even coating<div>- The porcelain may fract
ure off or part of the wash layer separates (splits)</div>
1392851913945 1390161073008 How is the Firing Cycle after the wash layer in
a procera crown different from a PFM? Essentially the same, except firing temp
eratures are lower to compensate for the non heat conducting properties of the z
irconium coping.
1392851999273 1390161073008 <div>Common methods of condensation of porcelain
? (4)</div>
<div>1. Vibration or tapping</div><div>2. Blotting with tissue p
aper</div><div>3. Patting with porcelain instrument</div><div>4. Whipping surfac
e with brush</div>
1392852123324 1390161073008 What is the one bake technique?<div>- What is th
erefore important?</div>
After the ZirLiner and Wash is fired the body bu
ild up and later the incisal build up is done completely before firing it one la
st time.<div>- That you overbuild both the body and incisal by 15% to account fo
r shrinkage</div>
1392852238284 1390161073008 What is a commonly missed area to check before f
iring? In the intaglio surface for any porcelain that was brushed into the crow
n on accident. It s easy to remove when it s wet, but will screw you up if you f
ired it.<div><br /></div><div><img src="paste-6330781794904.jpg" /></div>
1392852716598 1390161073008 What is the tray called that we place our crowns
on to fire?
Saggar tray
1392852779553 1390161073008 Can you use the same liquid for the wash and den
tin layer?
Yes
1392852819730 1390161073008 Can you use the same liquid for the wash and inc
isal layer?
Yes
1392852832679 1390161073008 Can you use the same liquid for the wash and zir
liner layer?
Nope, zirliner has its own liquid, the wash/dentin and incisal p
owder share the same liquid
1392852876722 1390161073008 Which step gets fired without the vacuum?<div>Why?</div>
The glazing step, because you could bring voids (air) to the sur
face and ruin your beautiful crown!<div><br /></div><div><img src="paste-6816113
099528.jpg" /><br /><div><img src="paste-6803228197966.jpg" /></div></div>
1394248453443 1381262663025 connector design must be adequate to provide ___
strength<div><img src="paste-2954937499913.jpg" /></div>
1394248489671 1381262663025 what are proper connector dimensions? 3-4 mm i
nciso-cervically<div>1.5-2 mm facial-lingually</div>
1394248529233 1381262663025 vertical connector provides resistance to ___
flexure
1394248542232 1381262663025 connector must have adequate space for ____
interproximal tissue<div><img src="paste-3015067042003.jpg" /></div>
1394248561650 1381262663025 pontic design provides how much porcelain thickn
ess?
1-2 mm
1394248582047 1381262663025 pontics should have what type of design?
modified ridge lap

1394248687290 1381262663025 should porcelain contact tissue?
if there
is adequate space. If not, metal and tissue can contact
1389940056989 1381262663025 what are the 3 anterior complete cermamic crown
systems available at LLUSD central lab? E. max<div>Cerec</div><div>Procera</div>
1389940084696 1381262663025 9 steps of E.max?
Prep<div>Die Spacer</div
><div>Wax up</div><div>Spruing</div><div>Investment</div><div>Ingot</div><div>Cy
linder</div><div>Oven</div><div>Finish</div><div><br></div><div>E.max is just li
ke traditional casting.</div>
1389940114757 1381262663025 what are the 6 steps of Cerec? prep<div>powder<
/div><div>optical impression</div><div>software design crown</div><div>mill crow
n</div><div>place crown</div>
1389940140751 1381262663025 where does the strength come from in a milled fe
ldspathic porcelain crown?
tooth structure, which is why it needs b
onding cement, not conventional cement
1389940174882 1381262663025 which is the strongest of the 3 cermic crown sys
tems at LLUSD? Procera
1389940193826 1381262663025 what are the 9 steps of Procera?
prep<div
>impression</div><div>scan</div><div>margin delineated</div><div>coping designed
</div><div>milled & fired</div><div>zirconia copings</div><div>feldspathic p
orcelain</div><div>finish crown</div><div><br></div><div>what we did in the stud
ent lounge 2/11/14 with the lab guy showing us how are #11 preps all sucked...</
div>
1389940223774 1381262663025 indications/advantages of a complete ceramic cro
wn?
<div>High esthetic requirement</div><div>Tooth relatively intact</div><d
iv>Centric contact middle 1/3</div><div>Facial or proximal defects no longer res
torable with composite resins</div><div>Slightly less reduction on facial than M
-C (metal ceramic) crown</div><div><br /></div>
1389940270223 1381262663025 contraindications/disadvantages of complete cera
mic crown?
<div>If more conservative restoration can be used</div><div>Defe
cts greater than 2mm</div><div>Less strength than M-C crowns</div><div>Posterior
teeth</div><div>More reduction on lingual than standard M-C crown</div><div><br
/></div>
1389940348005 1381262663025 how deep are incisal depth cuts on a ceramic cro
wn prep?
initially 1.5-2 mm
1389940714349 1381262663025 which is reduced first for a ceramic crown prep?
axial or incisal?
either
1389940738029 1381262663025 whats the F-L angle of incisal depth cuts for ce
ramic crown preps?
perpendicular to long axis of opposing tooth
1389940794680 1381262663025 whats the M-D incisal depth cut angle for cerami
c crown preps? centrals and laterals = straight across<div>cuspids = follow mes
ial and distal incisal planes</div>
1389940830136 1381262663025 how is the lingual prep unique for a canine?
reduced in two planes
1389940856987 1381262663025 how much clearance for a ceramic crown prep?
1.2-1.5 mm occlusal clearance
1389940879730 1381262663025 how deep should the facial axial be reduced?
1.0 mm depth grooves
1389940907662 1381262663025 what is the angulation of the gingival 1/3 and i
ncisal 2/3 of the facial axial surface? <div>Gingival 1/3 parallel to long axis<
/div><div>Incisal 2/3 follows natural contour</div><div><br /></div>
1389940961257 1381262663025 how much taper? 6-15 degrees
1389940977475 1381262663025 prep margins stop where?
0.5 mm from ging
ival margin
1389941080255 1381262663025 axial redxn range for incisors? canines? incisal
edge of both? 1-1.3 mm for incisors<div>1.2-1.4 mm for canines</div><div>2.0 m
m reduction from incisal tip</div>
1389941111955 1381262663025 prep shoulders should be at what angle to extern
al cavosurface? 90 degrees
1389941147087 1381262663025 where can zirconia be used?<div><br /><div>whats
the one requirement for using it?</div></div> anywhere in the mouth<div><br />
</div><div>needs at least 0.7 mm depth</div>
1389941206832 1381262663025 what are the shades that procera crowns come in?
white<div>light</div><div>medium</div><div>intense</div><div><br></div><div>WILM
</div>
1389941310494 1381262663025 posterior teeth getting Procera crowns should ha
ve how much occlusal rdxn?
1.5-2 mm
1389941344110 1381262663025 how tall should a working die be for a Procera c
rown? 10 mm from the margin to the base (so scannable dies can be produced)
1389941404929 1381262663025 whats the maximum trimming depth for a Procera c
rown die? minimum trimming length?
.5 mm depth<div><br></div><div>1.5 mm le
ngth</div><div><br></div><div><img src="paste-2229088026958.jpg"></div>
1389941537206 1381262663025 whats the diameter of a Procera Piccolo bur?
2.5 mm (doesnt allow for fine detail)
1389941609734 1381262663025 how can you adjust a Procera crown after its mad
e?
diamond finishing tools of fine grit size on low pressure with lots of w
ater<div><br /></div><div>sandblast at 1 bar at distance 10 mm</div>
1389941662715 1381262663025 whats the production accuracy of a Procera crown
?
within <10 microns
1389941681250 1381262663025 whats the clinical fit today of a Procera crown?
<40 microns
1389941695713 1381262663025 where are the 3 Procera production lab facilitie
s? (bonus question)
Mahwah, NJ, USA<div>Stockholm, Sweden</div><div>Tokyo, J
apan</div>
1392077172654 1390161073008 Label the Single Metal Ceramic Restoration<
div><img src="paste-575525618360.jpg" /></div> <img src="paste-609885356676.jpg
" />
1392077249421 1390161073008 What is the thickness required to give the desig
n rigidity?<div>- What does the thickness prevent?<br /><div><img src="paste-661
424964228.jpg" /></div></div> <div>0.3mm - 0.5mm (0.5mm in high stress areas)<
/div><div>- Adequate thickness prevents flexure of coping</div><div><img src="pa
ste-781684048522.jpg" /></div>
1392077462125 1390161073008 How is the thickness adjusted when non-precious
alloy is used for the coping? Less thickness if non-precious alloy is used
1392077504341 1390161073008 What is the porcelain thickness over the metal c
oping? Coping should provide 1-2mm of porcelain thickness<div><img src="paste-8
58993459836.jpg" /></div>
1392077588614 1390161073008 <div>Esthetic considerations</div><div>- Proper
___ exit angle to prevent ___ over contouring</div><img src="paste-1047972020856
.jpg" />
gingival; gingival
1392077773897 1390161073008 <div>Esthetic considerations</div>- Cutback to a
llow for proper bulk, translucency and shade control, where on the coping?
<img src="paste-1168231105144.jpg" />
1392077839925 1390161073008 <div>What esthetic consideration are the arrows
pointing out?<br /><div><img src="paste-1589137900104.jpg" /></div></div>
Proper extension of porcelain into esthetic areas
1392077897062 1390161073008 Control of tensile and compressive forces<div>What is important about the internal angles of porcelain-bearing surfaces?</div>
They need to be rounded!<div><img src="paste-1632087573122.jpg" /></div>
1392077957162 1390161073008 Exit angle of metal-porcelain junction needs to
be?
90
1392077987237 1390161073008 Where do you place the metal-porcelain junction?
Place metal-porcelain junction in non-occluding area<div><img src="paste-18253611
01380.jpg" /></div>
1392078887285 1390161073008 T/F Wrap around-design of porcelain contour resu
lts in porcelain relieved of tension. F - Results in porcelain under tension<d
iv><br /><div><img src="paste-1932735283992.jpg" /></div><div><img src="paste-18
94080578164.jpg" /></div></div>
1392079061599 1390161073008 What are the Basic Design Considerations of
Single Metal Ceramic Restorations? (7)
1. Rigidity<div>2. Control of po
rcelain thickness</div><div>3. Esthetic considerations</div><div>4. Control of t

ensile and compressive forces</div><div>5. Marginal integrity</div><div>6. Perio
dontal Considerations</div><div>7. Occlusion</div><div><br></div><div>MOP TRETC&
nbsp;</div><div>margin, occlusion, perio;</div><div>thickness rigidity, esthetic
s, T&C forces.</div>
1392079297944 1390161073008 What are the Periodontal Considerations? (3
)
<div>1. Gingival exit angle</div><div>2. Proximal contour</div><div>3. M
orphology</div>
1392079343975 1390161073008 What are the Occlusion Considerations? (3)
<div>1. Contact in metal if possible</div><div>2. No occlusal contact on porcela
in metal junction</div><div>3. If contact must be in porcelain it must be away f
rom the porcelain-metal junction.</div>
1392079610106 1390161073008 What is another important occlusal design consid
eration mentioned in lecture? If your occlusal contact is in porcelain, then t
he opposing natural teeth will be worn quickly, so only have porcelain contacts
if the opposing teeth are also covered in porcelain.<div><img src="paste-5755256
177164.jpg" /></div>
1392079819233 1390161073008 What are the possible Design Configurations? (5)
<div>A. 1/2 buccal cusp in porcelain</div><div>B. Full metal occlusal</div><div>
C. Porcelain overlay on mesial marginal ridge</div><div>D. Metal lingual on ante
rior teeth</div><div>E. Full porcelain occlusals on molars and premolars</div>
1392079826337 1390161073008 What are the Methods for Waxing of Copings?
A. Direct wax buildup<div>B. Full wax-up with cut back</div>
1392079901604 1390161073008 What are the two steps of Full wax-up with
cut back of the coping? <div>1. Wax up to contour as shown in the diagnostic waxup </div><div>2. Cut back wax where porcelain will be applied</div>
1392079969913 1390161073008 What are the Guidelines for Wax Design of A
nterior Teeth? <i>(9 - Just as overview...)</i> A. Porcelain thickness should no
t exceed 2 mm.<div>B. Porcelain bearing areas should be smooth blending of curve
s.</div><div>C. Eliminate sharp points, corners or angles on the porcelain beari
ng area.</div><div>D. The external juncture of porcelain and metal is to be made
at a near right angle.</div><div>E. Gingival margin should be waxed to approxim
ately 1 mm thick.</div><div>F. The thickness of wax in the porcelain bearing are
a should be made 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm thick.</div><div>G. Must provide for non-porce
lain bearing areas on the lingual.</div><div>H. Contact areas must be either all
in porcelain or all in metal.</div><div><div>I. In all incisal areas the wax-up
should allow for the porcelain to wrap over</div><div>onto the adjacent or oppo
sing surface.</div></div>
1392080179263 1390161073008 Guidelines for Wax Design of Anterior Teeth<div>
- Porcelain thickness should not exceed X mm.</div>
<div>2mm</div><i
mg src="paste-3315714753146.jpg"><div>Remember type 3 bonding failure?</div>
- What are the arrows tyring to say? (2)<br /><div><img src="paste-3586297692631
.jpg" /> </div></div>
- Porcelain-bearing areas to be smooth blending
of curves<div>- Eliminate sharp points, corners or angles on the porcelainbearing area</div>
1392080297500 1390161073008 <div>Guidelines for Wax Design of Anterior Teeth
</div>- External junction of porcelain and metal made at ____ angle.
A near r
ight angle<div><img src="paste-3745211482599.jpg" /></div>
- Gingival margin waxed to approximately X mm thick</div><div>- Why not a k
nife edge?</div><img src="paste-4157528343024.jpg" /> - 1 mm<div>- Knife
edge is usually not possible when casting, so wax 1 mm then grind it down after
investing to knife edge</div>
- Thickness of wax in the porcelain-bearing area made X mm</div><div><img s
rc="paste-4419521348322.jpg" /></div> 0.5mm
</div><div>- What areas are the arrows pointing at?</div><div><img src="paste-44
53881086431.jpg" /><img src="paste-4466765988319.jpg" /></div> Non-porcelain be
aring area design

</div><div>- What material can the proximal contacts be in?</div>
Proximal
contact areas in either porcelain or metal
1392080545713 1390161073008 In incisal areas the wax-up wraps over onto the.
..
adjacent or opposing surface<div><div><div><img src="paste-4827543241166
.jpg" /></div></div></div><div>Remember porcelain tension!!</div><div><br /></di
1392080649422 1390161073008 What is your main cut-back instrument of choice?
Cleoid-Discoid<div><img src="paste-5192615461149.jpg" /></div>
1392080905266 1390161073008 What side of the cut-back instrument do you use?
<div>Round discoid side of the cleoid-discoid!</div><div><br /></div><div><i>(Cl
eoid has too sharp of a point, all areas need to be rounded for ceramic)</i></di
v><img src="paste-5218385265416.jpg" />
1392080907691 1390161073008 What are the Esthetic considerations of the
basic coping design? (3)
<div>1. Proper gingival exit angle to prevent gi
ngival over contouring.</div><div>2. Cutback to allow for proper bulk and transl
ucency of porcelain. This allows space</div><div>for proper shade matching.</div
><div>3. Proper extension of porcelain into esthetic areas.</div>
1392080991031 1390161073008 With what should you measure your wax pattern be
fore investing? Wax bulley gauge<div><img src="paste-5935644803746.jpg" /></div>
1392081065084 1390161073008 What sprue should you use for your coping wax pa
ttern? <div>10 gauge</div><img src="paste-5987184411316.jpg" />
1392081185247 1390161073008 What are the preparation steps before investing
your metal coping? (5) - Use wax pattern cleaner and dry<div>- Ring L
iner </div><div>- Dip ring in water for 10 seconds</div><div>- We
t whip-mix bowl</div><div>- Mix Fast Fire 15 under vacuum for 60-90 seconds</div
>
1392081338787 1390161073008 Investment Preparation<div>- What should we do w
ith the ring liner?</div>
<div>Leave 3mm of space at the top and bottom of
the ring</div><img src="paste-6622839571048.jpg" />
1392081987010 1390161073008 Investment Preparation<div>- What is the ra
tio of liquids for the investment?</div><div>- How much powder?</div> <div>- 1
6ml total: 12ml FastFire liquid and 4ml distilled H<sub>2</sub>O</div><div>- 60g
of powder</div><img src="paste-6665789243731.jpg" />
1392082163615 1390161073008 Investing Procedure<div>- What are the steps aft
- Place Investment into wax
er you ve mixed the investment? (4)</div>
pattern<div>- Pour slowly into ring using low vibration</div><div>- Bench set
for 15-20 Minutes</div><div>- Burnout in the oven</div>
1392082472176 1390161073008 Investing Procedure<div>- When you pour the
investment into the ring, how much space do you need above your coping to the r
ing margin?</div>
1/4 inch (make sure of it before mixing the investment)<
div><br /></div><div><img src="paste-7572027343430.jpg" /></div>
1392082583344 1390161073008 What can you do if your investment is set, but y
ou can t burn it out right away?
- Place it into a zip-lock bag.<div>- Wh
en you re ready, trim glaze & rinse.</div><div>- Soak in water for 10 minute
s</div><div><br /></div><div>Now you re ready to bring on the heat</div><div><im
1394737720303 1381262663025 you see a student grab a bottle of deiodonized o
r distilled water and use it to make his alginate mixture, why did the student u
se this and not faucet water? because the student is in an area with HARD WATE
R
1394737866974 1381262663025 what is the best way to control setting time whe
n making alginate mixtures
control the temp
1394737898212 1381262663025 perfect temp for alginate impressions 70-75 F
1394737912116 1381262663025 will your alginate setting time increase or decr
ease if you have a dirty bowl with contamination?
decrease = will set fast
er
is the take home message of this pic</div>
no matter how good you are at mi
xing its allways BETTER TO VACUSPAT

1394738013475 1381262663025 how long should you spatulate for
45-60 se
c
1394738031206 1381262663025 what can you use to remove excess saliva
gauze and air syringe
1394738056986 1381262663025 why would you want to use a syringe in alginate
impressions
to inject or paint alginate into CRITICAL AREAS
1394738233826 1381262663025 what will happen to the alginate impression if y
our patient moves while making the impression you will get distortion...duh!!!
!
1394738326450 1381262663025 why do you want to hold the tongue in place afte
r alginate looses stickiness? so you dont distort the impression
1394738393585 1381262663025 how long should you hold the tongue in place aft
er alginate looses stickiness 2 min
1394738415184 1381262663025 after you get your alginate impression what two
things should you avoid 1) excess water<div>2) excess drying</div>
1394738467183 1381262663025 when pouring for an alginate impression you shou
ld pour within how many minutes?
15 min
1394738500776 1381262663025 do not invert alginate impression until when
until initial set completed
1394738531207 1381262663025 leave cast in alginate impression for how long?<
div>-what happens if you leave the impression overnight?</div> 45 min<div>-it w
ill get rock hard = distortion</div>
1394738588143 1381262663025 what five structures must a alginate impression
obtain? 1) all teeth...duh<div>2) hamular notches</div><div>3) retromolar pad</d
iv><div>4) palatal vault</div><div>5) vestibular areas</div>
1394738647855 1381262663025 if your alginate impression is too thick what pr
oblem could you have?<div>-what can you do to solve that problem?</div> slumping
<div>-compound or wax</div>
1394738817882 1381262663025 what type of adhesive does not bind to alginate
material
PVS
1394738862496 1381262663025 why do we want thick borders in our diagnostic c
asts? because we want to avoid fracturing our casts
1394738911968 1381262663025 <img src="paste-56440165236737.jpg" /><div>why d
id this happen??</div><div>-how do you solve this problem</div> this happens bec
ause you trimmed but did not rinse under the faucet<div>-remounting...yeah ouch<
/div>
1394738981572 1381262663025 when making diagnostic casts whould the floor or
tongue space be:<div>-concave</div><div>-convex</div><div>-flat</div><div>-irre
gular</div>
flat
1394739022478 1381262663025 when making our diagnostic cast the floor or ton
gue space should be:<div>-higher than level of lingual vestibule</div><div>-lowe
r than level of lingual vestibule</div><div>-no lower than level of lingual vest
ibule</div><div>-no higher than level of lingual vestibule</div><div><br /></div
>
no higher than level of lingual vestibule
1394739120507 1381262663025 when making a diagnostic cast Joey Jo Jo placed
stone under the retromolar pad area? why did he do this?
to adequately su
port that anatomic area = avoids fracture<div><img src="paste-57093000265729.jpg
" /></div>
1394739214532 1381262663025 you should trim your diagnostic cast how many mm
outside of the vestibules
4-5mm
1394739240410 1381262663025 the cast base thickness of a diagnostic cast sho
uld be how many mm?
10-15mm
1394739270266 1381262663025 what problem can you run into if your diagnostic
cast base thickness is more than 15 mm?
it will be harder to mount on th
e articulator
is the take home message of this picture?</div> that rubberbands will not be abl
e to hold stone expansion in check
1394739363252 1381262663025 <img src="paste-57561151700993.jpg" /><div>how d
o you solve this problem?</div> use mounting stone, that doesnt expand as much
1394739390569 1381262663025 how should you remove the impression:<div>-slow
snap</div><div>-slow rocking</div><div>-quick rocking</div><div>-quick snap</div
>
quick snap
1394739530705 1381262663025 to retard the drying and hardening of alginate i
mpression material what should you do? conver with a damp towel
1394739596928 1381262663025 the most common reason for rejection of casts an
d the necessity for remaking them is... removal of hamular notches, tuberocities
, and retromolar pads <div>because you overused the model trimmer (you trea
med too much)</div>
1394739728732 1381262663025 what can you use to articulate edentulous or par
tially edentulous teeth 1) temporary baseplates<div>2) wax rims</div>
1394739797030 1381262663025 what can you use to make interarch mounting regi
strations
1) temporary baseplates<div>2) wax rims</div>
1390175044044 1360692053906 For TMJ pain, what would lower threshold for pai
n?
Stress
1390175344641 1360692053906 To increase threshold for pain, what can you do?
Use medications
1390175363028 1360692053906 What does the face bow registration do? relates
TMJ to the maxillary teeth
1390175420307 1360692053906 What are indications for FDP placement? Teeth dr
ift<div>Malalignment caries period problems</div><div>Esthetic problem</div><div
>Decreased chewing efficiency</div><div>Speech</div><div>Alternative to orthodon
tic treatment</div>
1390175555495 1360692053906 What are contraindications for FDP?
poor phy
sical health<div>poor oral hygiene</div><div>tmj symptoms</div><div>parafunction
al habits</div><div>bulemia</div><div>inadequate abutment support</div><div>&nbs
p; -crown to root = less than 1:1</div><div> teeth adjacent to space </div><div> - cross arch stabi
lization</div><div>inadequate crown length</div><div>Inadequate occluso-gingival
space </div><div><br /></div>
1390175806336 1360692053906 What do you do for endodontically treated abutme
nt teeth?
Need more abutment teeth
1390175839455 1360692053906 For root shape and length, which is better, irre
gular or round? irregular
1390175923585 1360692053906 For root shape and length, what is better diverg
ent or conical? Divergent
For a fixed dental prost
1390175948921 1360692053906 What is ante s law?
hesis, the combined pericemental area of all abutment teeth should be equal to o
r greater than the pericemental area of the tooth or teeth being replaced
1390176029435 1360692053906 How do you reduce stress from opposing occlusion
?
use removable prosthesis
1390176062239 1360692053906 If the length of span is 2x distance, what bend
do you get? What if 3x distance?
8x<div>27x</div>
1390176268223 1360692053906 What is teh inter-arch space minimum? 4mm<div>
5mm (porcelain)</div>
1390176427120 1360692053906 What are relative occlusal forces placed on teet
h for RPD, FPD, natural teeth Natural teeth > FDP > RPD
1390176477140 1360692053906 why do we wax anterior teeth first?
guidance
1390176844418 1360692053906 What is difference between arcon and nonarcon?
Condylar eminence on maxillary part of articulator<div>Condylar eminence on mand
ibular part of articulator</div>
1390177356174 1360692053906 For which type of articulator does the angle of
maxillary occlusal plane and angle of eminence reamins constant?
Arcon
1390177395317 1360692053906 What is the purpose of kois analyzers? To relat
e maxillary cast to mandibular axis of rotation
1390177480379 1360692053906 Why do you need an escape path for occlusion?
Because anterior teeth wear in time > no anterior guidance
1390177591559 1360692053906 What is the complete ceramic crown system used b
y LLU? Procera
1390177737853 1360692053906 What are indications for ceramic crowns?

high esthetics<div>tooth relatively intact</div><div>centric contact in the midd
le 1/3</div><div>facial or proximal defects no longer restorable with composite<
/div><div>slightly less reduction on facial than metal-ceramic crown</div>
1390177848328 1360692053906 what are contraindications for ceramic crowns?
if more conservative restoration can be used<div>if defects are greater than 2mm
</div><div>less strength than M-C</div><div>Posterior teeth</div><div>More reduc
tion on lingual than M-C</div>
1390177910662 1360692053906 how much clearance is needed for anterior cerami
cs?
1.2-1.5mm
1390178021567 1360692053906 Where should the margin be in ceramic anterior c
rowns? 0.5mm from gingival margin
1390178074159 1360692053906 what is the overall ceramic axial reduction for
incisors? for canines? 1.0-1.3 mm<div>1.2-1.4mm</div><div>2.0mm (incisal)<br />
<div><br /></div></div>
1389852559573 1381262663025 purpose of an articulator?
to simulate the
relative movements of a patient s jaws
1389852578772 1381262663025 difference between arcon and nonarcon? (in regar
ds to condyle) arcon = condylar eminence on maxillary part of articulator<div><
br /></div><div>nonarcon = condylar eminence on mandibular part of articulator</
div>
1389852628500 1381262663025 difference between arcon and nonarcon in regards
to occlusal plane and angle of eminence?
arcon = angle of maxillary occlu
sal plane and angle of eminence remains constant<div><br /></div><div>nonarcon =
angle of maxillary occlusal plane and angle of eminence changes</div>
1389852670719 1381262663025 types of articulators? nonadjustable<div>semiad
justable</div><div>fully adjustable (Stuart and Denar types)</div><div><br /></d
iv>
1389852725924 1381262663025 what does mha stand for?<div>what does aha stand
for?</div>
mha = mandibular hinge axis<div>aha = articulator hinge axis</di
v>
1389852762108 1381262663025 purpose of Facebow/Kois analyzer?
relate m
axillary cast to the mandibular axis of rotation (hinge axis)
1389854264868 1381262663025 definition of overjet? the projection of the te
eth beyond their antagonists in the horizontal plane (horizontal overlap)
1389854290988 1381262663025 definition of overbite? <div>the vertical relati
onship of the incisal edges of the maxillary incisors to the mandibular incisors
when the teeth are in maximum intercuspation. (vertical overlap)</div><div><br
/></div>
1389854306636 1381262663025 mutually protected and group function have what
type of guidance?
anterior
1389854435300 1381262663025 TMJ problems usually have what type of guidance?
posterior (bony guidance)
1389854450188 1381262663025 closed-bite registrations are obtained with the
teeth at the ____ dimension of occlusion and in ____
Obtained with the teeth
at the vertical dimension of occlusion and in maximum intercuspation
1389854498461 1381262663025 which type of bite registration material flows b
etter and sets faster? Regisil or putty?
Regisil
1389854521696 1381262663025 what three things do you do to make an accurate
bite registration?
1 trim nodules from grooves on occlusal surface of cast<
div>2 remove detail from occlusal surface of BR</div><div>3 cut away any registr
ation of soft tissues from BR</div><div><br /></div>
1389854618353 1381262663025 purpose of custom incisal guide table? <div>All
ows the lab technician toduplicate the desired contoursof the lingual guiding surf
acesof the anterior teeth.</div><div><br /></div>
1391392022488 1390161073008 What do you see when you stare at a color and th
en close your eyes?
You see an after image of the complementary color to the
one you saw.
1391392085326 1390161073008 This image is an example of what concept?<div><i
<div>Simultaneous contrast</div>
1391392127688 1390161073008 Due to what concept should you only look for 5 s
econds when selecting a shade match to a tooth? Visual fatigue
1391392182991 1390161073008 Technical term for color blindness
<div>Ano
malous color vision</div>
1391392202596 1390161073008 <div>This graph is an example of what?</div><div
><br /></div><img src="paste-6687264080365.jpg" />
<div>Spectral energy dis
tribution (SED)</div>
1391392259863 1390161073008 What is expressed in Kelvin in regards to color?
Color temperature
1391392318551 1390161073008 Which has a higher color temperature (in K), Day
light fluorescent or Incadescent lamp (tungsten light)? Daylight fluorescent (65
00K)<div><br /></div><div><i>Incadescent lamp (3000K)</i></div>
1391392445788 1390161073008 What is the color temperature (in K) of nat
ural outdoor sunlight (global solar radiation) 5000K to 6800K
1391392471949 1390161073008 <div>Optimal amount of light for color matc
hing in dentistry at minimum of __ foot-candles</div> 200
1391392503484 1390161073008 What is the Color Rendering Index (CRI) for
daylight?
100 -> The closer the light source is to 100, the better the
color match in daylight
1391392554633 1390161073008 What are acceptable Color Rendering Index Values
for color matching?
Anything above 91 CRIs
1391392604684 1390161073008 What concept is depicted?<div><img src="paste-73
65868913248.jpg" /></div>
Transparency
95933684320.jpg" /></div>
Translucency
38883357280.jpg" /></div>
Opacity
1391392666436 1390161073008 What light modifier is depicted?<div><img src="p
aste-7464653160708.jpg" /></div>
Scattering
aste-7499012899182.jpg" /></div>
Refraction
aste-7533372637545.jpg" /></div>
<div>Transmission (selective)</div>
1391392723496 1390161073008 <div>What light modifier is depicted?</div><img
src="paste-7563437408748.jpg" />
Absorption
1391392739967 1390161073008 <div>DEFINE: Objects made of different materials
appear to match in color under a given light condition but under another l
ight condition do not match in color.</div>
Metamerism
23566951146.jpg" /></div>
Metamerism
1391392844618 1390161073008 <div>DEFINE: The most widely used visual co
lor order system in the world. Defines the three attributes of color as&nb
sp;HUE, VALUE, and CHROMA</div> <div>Munsell System</div>
1391392896206 1390161073008 What hue "color" are in the A group?<div><img sr
c="paste-7735236100803.jpg" /></div>
Brown
1391392934664 1390161073008 What hue "color" are in the B group?<div><img sr
c="paste-7803955577541.jpg" /></div>
Yellow
1391392947123 1390161073008 What hue "color" are in the C group?<div><img sr
c="paste-7838315315900.jpg" /></div>
Grey
1391392959859 1390161073008 What hue "color" are in the D group?<br /><div><
Pink
1391392973055 1390161073008 What is the selection sequence for matching a sh
ade? (3 steps) <div>Selection sequence:</div><div>1 - Value</div><div>2 - Hue</
div><div>3 - Chroma</div>
1391393029295 1390161073008 Describes overall intensity to how light or dark
a color is. It is the only dimension of color that may exist by itself.
Value (lightness)
1391393086612 1390161073008 May be defined as the strength or dominance of t
he hue. On the outer edge of the hue wheel are the intensely saturated hues.Towa
rds the center of the color wheel, no hue dominates and they becomes less and le
ss saturated. Chroma (Saturation)

1391393103623 1390161073008 ___ is described with the words we normally
think of as describing color: red, purple, blue, etc. Hue
1389761589535 1381262663025 a single set of diagnostic casts are referred to
as
record casts
1389761611911 1381262663025 why is a single set of casts used as diagnostic
casts? no changes anticipated in morphology, arrangement, occlusion
1389761630809 1381262663025 why are two or more diagnostic casts used?
<div>when there is a proposed change in morphology, arrangement or occlusio
n and when there are missing teeth</div><div><br /></div>
1389761693933 1381262663025 two or more diagnostic casts are refered to as
treatment proposal casts
1389761706367 1381262663025 4 parts of data gathering from diagnostic casts?
articulation<div>missing teeth</div><div>arrangement of teeth</div><div>individu
al tooth form</div><div><br></div><div>AIMA-Arrangement of teeth, Individual too
th form, Missing teeth, Articulation.</div>
1389761756292 1381262663025 waxing steps when creating treatment proposal ca
sts?
<div> 1. Dry model</div><div> 2. U
se Bard-Parker knife to remove excess contours</div><div> 3.
Use sticky wax in occluding areas to adhere subsequent additions of wax</di
v><div> 4. Add wax and carve</div><div> 5.
Use wax or denture teeth in edentulous spaces.</div><div> 6.
When the treatment proposal cast is complete and the treatment plan is approved
by the patient, an impression is made of the casts and poured in stone. T
his solid cast may be used in fabricating the provisional restoration. &nbs
p; </div><div><br /></div>
1389761887828 1381262663025 what type of periphery wax be used for VPS impre
ssions? NEVER USE PERIPHERY WAX FOR VPS STUPID<div>DUH-DOY!</div>
1389761918535 1381262663025 how do you avoid occlusal bubbles during a VPS i
mpression?
syringe light body VPS onto all occlusal surfaces
1389761955757 1381262663025 how should one cut dies?
always saw cut d
ies - fractured stone causes seating problems
1389761991641 1381262663025 what do you do if theres debris at the bottom of
your pin hole? use cuttle disc to shorten pins, use rubber wheel to smooth out
the cut end
1390883936328 1381262663025 for an anterior tooth, metal ceramic preparation
s have what depth of guide cuts on the incisal? initially, 1.5 mm, eventually, 2
mm
guide cuts are made with what type of bur?
flat ended tapered diamond bur 6
847
s have what type of angulation for the guide cuts?
angulate bur to lingual
on maxillary teeth<div><img src="paste-682899800475.jpg" /></div>
1390884059850 1381262663025 evaluate amount of reduction to adjacent and opp
osing teeth after what?<div><br /></div><div>then adjust the prep to what?</div>
after axial reductions completed and then adjust for 2 mm incisal reduction
1390884110192 1381262663025 facial guide cuts, use what bur?
flat end
ed tapered 6847 diamond bur
1390884125003 1381262663025 facial guide cuts have what range of depth? (giv
e me max incisors, mand incisors, and canines) max incisors 1-1.3 mm<div>mand i
ncisors 1 mm</div><div>canines 1.2-1.4 mm</div>
1390884166118 1381262663025 describe the facial guide cuts angulation
make guide cuts in gingival 1/3 and incisal 2/3 planes<div><img src="paste-81604
3786531.jpg" /></div>
1390884205422 1381262663025 where do you stop prepping on the facial?
just short of the soft tissue margin (range of 0-1 mm, ideally 0.5 mm)
1390884250021 1381262663025 what bur do you use for the proximal reduction?
long, narrow, tapered diamond bur 6879K
1390884270378 1381262663025 describe the axial depth of a max incisor?
extend the depth of the facial reduction into the contact area gradually decreas
ing the depth to .5-.75 mm in the lingual embrasure area<div><img src="paste-103
0792151352.jpg" /></div>
1390884341876 1381262663025 maintain a ___ degree combined taper
6-15
1390884353561 1381262663025 what bur do you use for the lingual-axial reduct
ion?
short tapered diamond bur 6877K
1390884368158 1381262663025 what bur do you use for the lingual reduction?
football shaped diamond bur 8379
1390884391717 1381262663025 what do you use as a guide for your lingual redu
ction? follow lingual concavity form<div><img src="paste-1112396529954.jpg" /><
/div>
1390884417557 1381262663025 how much lingual clearance from opposing tooth?
1.2-1.5 mm
1390884433219 1381262663025 what do you preserve during the lingual reductio
n?
cingulum
1390884451537 1381262663025 describe the 3 steps for final extension of ging
ival margin CLINICALLY <div>1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:p
re"> </span>Retract tissue with retraction cord</div><div><span class="Apple-tab
-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whi
te-space:pre"> </span>Clinically, use #6847 diamond </div><div><span class=
"Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>bur to extend the facial and&nb
sp;</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>proxi
mal margins 3/4 - 1 mm </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white
-space:pre"> </span>below the free margin of the </div><div><span class="Ap
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>gingivae</div><div><span class="Ap
ple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>3.<span class="Apple-tab-span" sty
le="white-space:pre"> </span>Clinically, use the #6877K to extend the </div
><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>lingual margi
n 1/2 - 1 mm below </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-spa
ce:pre"> </span>the free margin of the gingivae</div><div><img src="paste-125413
0450624.jpg" /></div>
1390884504288 1381262663025 what width hoe should you use to finish and smoo
th the facial shoulder margin? 1 mm (like a 10-4-8)
1390884536001 1381262663025 can you push a hoe?
only drag a hoe. d
rag that hoe like a PIMP<div><img src="paste-1911260446927.jpg" /></div>
1390884680393 1381262663025 what burs can you use to finish?
<div>Use
12-bladed finishing bur or a fine diamond bur to place the final finish an
d round all internal line<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> <
/span>angles</div><div><img src="paste-2302102470903.jpg" /></div>
1390884755325 1381262663025 how is a cuspid prep different from an incisor p
rep?
<img src="paste-2323577307591.jpg" />
1390884791870 1381262663025 the line of draw for the anterior M-C prep is pa
rallel to what? the long axis of the tooth, NOT the tabletop
1390884824785 1381262663025 T/F There is a 90 degree angle between the axial
wall and margin floor? FALSE, there is a 90 degree angle between the ex
ternal cavosurface and margin floor
1393891610814 1390161073008 which joint in the body is the most complex?
the TMJ, duh.
1393891652358 1390161073008 why is tooth malalignment a contributing factor
to perio problems? 4 1) perio risk due to compromised plaque control<div>2) o
cclusal forces?</div><div>3) restorative challenge</div><div>4) esthetics</div>
1393891771182 1390161073008 Is tooth malalignment in itself a cause of perio
Dz?
NO. It is a contributing factor (not etiologic)
1393891823232 1390161073008 Ortho Treatment in untreated perio Dz is hunky-d
ory and results in no further damage<div>T/F</div>
False-results in further
damage
1393891938840 1390161073008 Pts with treated perio Dz/"inflammation free" ma
y undergo ortho Tx<div>T/F</div>
True; with caution.
1393891990850 1390161073008 You should always do ortho before perio Tx becau
se it makes teeth sexy while perio is of minor importance and only slows down yo
ur treatment plans.<div>T/F</div>
False. Um, yeah... get your perio
done before your ortho.
1393892261789 1390161073008 when doing ortho in a perio compromised patient,
it is necessary to (3) 1) ensure that ortho forces are reduced to accomodate th
e reduced perio support<div>2) do perio surgery first</div><div>3) OHC and maint
enance should be strictly adhered to.</div>
1393892358023 1390161073008 The side of the tooth in compression corresponds
to ----<div>while the tension side corresponds to ----</div> bone resorption;
<div>bone apposition.</div>
1393892465963 1390161073008 Can you push a tooth out of the alveolar ridge w
ith orthodontics?
NO. The alveolar bone moves with the root; and ort
ho does nothing to improve/reduce perio Dz...
1393892565948 1390161073008 Indications for perio surgery to improve ortho o
utcome? (2)
1) improve esthetic outcome<div>2) facilitation of ortho Tx itse
lf.</div>
1393892622401 1390161073008 How does perio surgery improve the esthetic outc
ome? x3 <br /><div>1) gingival margins</div><div><br /></div><div>2) papillae</d
iv><div><br /></div><div>3) Tooth height-width relations</div>
1393892722618 1390161073008 general rules for the esthetic outcome? x4
1) symmetry b/n right and left side<div>2) correct position of occlusal plane</d
iv><div>3) position in regards to lip-/smile line</div><div>4) facial shape.</di
v>
1393892796893 1390161073008 how do you correct the postition of the gingival
margin and the tooth-height-width relation?
1) crown lenthening<div>2) ortho
dontic in/extrusion</div><div>3) restorative means e.g. veneers.</div>
1393897092280 1390161073008 surgical correction of the gingival margin is on
ly possible it it does NOT result in a compromised ----tooth height wid
th relation
1393897165775 1390161073008 surgical correction of the tooth height-width re
lation is only advisable if... the position of the gingival margin can/ should
be altered. Look for signs of abrasion! Otherwise use resto or ortho
1393897302469 1390161073008 general hints for correction of the gingival mar
gins x4 1) evaluate smile line<div>2) sulcular depth</div><div>3) incorrect vert
ical position of central vs. lateral incisor</div><div>4) abraded incisal edge.<
/div>
1393897433985 1390161073008 abrasion is often followed by overeruption
1393897494968 1390161073008 abrasion compromises what for a restoration?
retention
1393897535360 1390161073008 options for abrasion x2 1) crown lengthening-not
for short tapered roots.<div>2) ortho correction</div>
1393897604143 1390161073008 loss of papillae results in ... open embrasures
or "black triangle"
1393897657471 1390161073008 what influences height of papillae? x3 tooth sh
ape<div>root angulation</div><div>perio bone loss (5mm to contact)</div>
1393897698992 1390161073008 if there is more than 5mm from the crestal bone
to the proximal contact what happens? lost papilla
1393897744893 1390161073008 treatment for lost papillae x3 1) restorative o
r reshape the crown and ortho<div>2) divergent root-> ortho uprighting</div><
div>3) bone loss->graft or extrusion; surgically created papillaes are incons
istent.</div>
1393897872106 1390161073008 does the selective removal of the interdental /
cortical bone facilitate tooth movement and shorten treatment time? t/f True<div
>corticotomy-speeds up ortho</div>
1393897980669 1390161073008 how do implants support ortho Tx? x2
1) repla
ce congenitally missing teeth<div>2) ortho anchors</div>
1393898034444 1390161073008 how does ortho Tx support implants? x2 1) creat
e space for implant<div>2) site prep for implant placement</div>
1393898069050 1390161073008 The length of the K9 and Mx central should be ab
out equal t/f? True.
1393898125042 1390161073008 Implants don t have PDLs<div>t/f</div> True. im
plants are ankylosed to bone.

1393898176713 1390161073008 completion of facial growth before you place imp
lants T/F?
True.
1393898217767 1390161073008 why are implants used as anchors for ortho?
because they have no PDLs-directly ankylosed to bone therefore they won t move b
ut teeth will.
1393898280441 1390161073008 What is a TAD? why is it used?
Temporar
y Anchoring Device? to serve as an achor for ortho...
1393898336619 1390161073008 how does ortho "fix" osseous defects? can orth
odontically move a tooth into a defect. That way a 3 walled defect can bec
ome a zero walled defect!
1393898437268 1390161073008 If the tooth is tipped, what would you use: peri
o, ortho or resto?
ortho<div>upright the tooth=resolution</div>
1393898479149 1390161073008 can you use ortho to correct a furcation?
nope.
1393898528583 1390161073008 what is a treatment for teeth with class 3 furca
tion involvement?
can do a hemisection->ortho separation<div>easy to cl
ean...</div>
1393898623254 1390161073008 why is extruding a tooth with short tapered root
s contraidicated for an abutment?
because the root will have very little s
urface area-abutment failure...
1393898739027 1390161073008 what are our options for fractured teeth?
1) crown lengthening<div>2) surgical eruption</div>
1393898870989 1390161073008 excessive occlusal forces don t cause increased
tooth mobility <div>t/f</div>
false-they DO cause
1393898927127 1390161073008 increased mobility due to excessive trauma in pe
riodontially healthy teeth si usu. associated with an even increase of the perio
dontal space T/F
True.
1393899002956 1390161073008 Destructive effects of occlusal trauma on the pe
riodontium have been researched thoroughly and are unquestionable <div>T/F<
/div> False-destructive effects are questionable.
1393899101101 1390161073008 what are the factors that tooth mobility depend
on? x5 1) C/R ratio<div>2) root shape</div><div>3) root length</div><div>4) num
ber of roots</div><div>5) level duration and frequency of force</div>
1393899183199 1390161073008 what are the radiographic changes with occlusal
trauma? 1) widened PDL<div>2) altered furcation bone quality.</div>
1393899216894 1390161073008 What PDL changes are seen with occlusal trauma?
x5
1) increased vascularity and damage<div>2) ligament bundles disorganized
</div><div>3) osteoclast number increased</div><div>4) occasional cemental resor
ption</div><div>5) movement of tooth away from pressure.</div>
1393899341880 1390161073008 there are tension and compression "sides" with "
jiggling" force<div>t/f</div> False. NO clear T and C sides with jigglin
g.
1393899403725 1390161073008 Primary occlusal trauma definition
abnormal
forces on normal periodontium
1393899447245 1390161073008 secondary occlusal trauma definition
abnormal
/normal forces on reduced periodontium
1393899469764 1390161073008 signs of primary occlusal trauma x4
1) evenl
y widened PDL<div>2) wear facets on teeth</div><div>3) occlusal interference</di
v><div>4) signs of bruxism</div>
1393899529582 1390161073008 with primary occlusal forces, what do you do?
decrease the forces by occlusal adjustment (selectively reshaping teeth).
1393899607410 1390161073008 splaying of the anterior Mx teeth is a sign of:
secondary occlusal trauma
1393899648755 1390161073008 signs of secondary occlusal trauma x2 1) perio
dontal destruction-AAP class 3 or higher<div>2) increased mobility</div>
1393899695913 1390161073008 Therapy for secondary occlusal trauma x3
1) SRP; surgical treatment for mobilities greater than 2<div>2) occlusal adjustm
ent has no effect on perio health</div><div>3) splinting, occlusal adjustment on
ly to increase patient comfort/easier SRP</div>
1393899792079 1390161073008 there is long standing scientific evidence for p

erforming complex occlusal adjustment therapy<div>T/F</div>
False-no scienti
fic evidence..
1393899859846 1390161073008 significant improvements can only be expected in
cases of primary trauma<div>T/F</div> True
1393899887819 1390161073008 Does occlusal trauma cause CAL? NO
1393899907631 1390161073008 If inflammation is present, connective tissue lo
ss is accelerated<div>T/F</div> True
1393899976669 1390161073008 Is CAL independent of occlusal trauma? We don t
know...still up in the air.
1393900038718 1390161073008 healing of periodontal tissue cannot occur in th
e presence of hypermobility<div>T/F</div>
False-can occur with hypermobili
ty
1393900126753 1390161073008 splinting does improve periodontal condition whe
ther it is done during or after perio treatment.<div>T/F</div> False. Spl
inting DOESN T improve perio condition.<div>only improves Pt comfort during func
tion.</div>
1393900233759 1390161073008 perio surgery increases mobility<div>T/F</div>
True
1393900282205 1390161073008 Perio surgery is recommended for class 2 and les
s<div>T/F</div> True-NOT for class 3...
1393900315138 1390161073008 If mobility is increasing over time then we know
that the Pt is healing and responding well to Tx.<div>T/F</div>
False-in
creasing mobility is bad. Decreasing mobility is good.
1389250559014 1374198547816 What are the goals of periodontal therapy? (3)
1) prevent/minimize the reoccurance/progression of periodontal Dz. PARTICU
LARLY in treated Pts.<div>2) Prevent/reduce tooth loss</div><div>3) diagnose oth
er Dz conditions in the oral cavity</div>
1389251139842 1374198547816 What is the OVERALL goal of periodontal therapy?
(2)
1) Arrest the Dz process<div>2) Creat physiologic contours that are cond
usive to plaque control</div><div>*remember-can t "cure" perio Dz, only control
it like type 2 diabetes.</div>
1389251257816 1374198547816 What is the defintion of phase 1 therapy?
the first step in the sequence of procedures that constitute periodontal treatme
nt.
1389251315547 1374198547816 What are the elements of phase 1? (4) 1) initi
al therapy<div>2) non-surgical periodontal therapy</div><div>3) cause-related th
erapy</div><div>4) etiotropic phase of therapy</div>
1389251484179 1374198547816 The objectives of phase 1 are to alter/eliminate
which two things?
1) the microbial etiology <div>2) contributing fact
ors</div>
1389251606400 1374198547816 The deepest pocket you can brush is ---mm
3.75 mm
1389251643417 1374198547816 The results of successful phase 1 Tx are (2)
1) halting progression of periodontal disease<div>2) return dentition to state o
f health and comfort.</div>
1389251791092 1374198547816 What are the steps in phase 1? (3)
1) insti
tution of a comprehensive daily plaque control regimen.<div>2) complete removal
of plaque, calculus.</div><div>3) temporary Tx of carious lesions and extraction
of hopeless teeth (dep. on Sx).</div>
1389252065813 1374198547816 What is the key factor in Tx success? maintena
nce therapy with good plaque control.
1389252200451 1374198547816 1) Treatments are successful with excellent plaq
ue control and maintenance (T/F)<div>2) Tx s unsuccessful w/o maintenance (T/F)<
/div> Both true (for all intents and purposes)
1389252379733 1374198547816 How many months should the maintenance interval
be?
3 months<div>may want more or less dep. on the case.</div>
1389252604371 1374198547816 Even with appropriate Supportive Periodontal The
rapy (SPT), some progression of Dz is possible (T/F)
True
1389252747760 1374198547816 Why does Dz progress despite appropriate SPT? (6
) *on test*
1) incomplete daily subgingival plaque removal<div>2) misdiagnos
is--aggressive periodontitis</div><div>3) bacteria transmitted b/n spouse/family
members</div><div>4) microscopic nature of healing after phase 1 Tx</div><div>5
) EPISODIC NATURE of Perio Dz (quiescence vs. exacerbation dep. on host-bacteria
interaction).</div><div>6) inadequate frequency of SPT</div>
1389253273826 1374198547816 best markers for perio Dz activity (2) 1) bleed
ing on probing (BOP)<div>2) probing pocket depths (PPDs)</div>
1389253321217 1374198547816 The most difficult therapy in dentistry is:
Plaque control. You can t control the Pts home care and their response to
treatment.
1389253667192 1374198547816 Why is subgingival plaque so insidious? S
ub gingival plaque doesn t create inflammation at the margin so it goes on causi
ng attachment loss and bone loss undetected.<div>*to be a successful general pra
ctitioner, supra gingival plaque is a given.</div>
1389254628538 1374198547816 Long Junctional epithelium is rapidly separated
from the tooth surface b/c?
It is connected to the tooth via weaker hemidesm
osomes.
1389256015464 1374198547816 Maintenance must be optimal because... ...Patie
nts may be predisposed to recurrent pocket formation.<div>*recall that inflammat
ion separates the long juctional epithelium from the tooth easily on account of
hemidesmosomes.</div>
1392058353999 1374198547816 Name the types of acute lesions (7)
1) gingi
val abscess<div>2) periodontal abscess</div><div>3) periapical abscess</div><div
>4) pericoronitis</div><div>5) NUG</div><div>6) NUP</div><div>7) herpetic gingiv
ostomatitis</div>
1392058531030 1374198547816 are gingival abscesses confined to marginal ging
iva/papilla or unconfined?
confined
1392058590855 1374198547816 are gingival abscesses localized or non-localize
d?
localized
1392058617260 1374198547816 gingival abscesses are caused by foreign objects
(T/F) True
1392058668134 1374198547816 what kind of pain are gingival abscesses assoc.
with? non-throbbing ache.<div>open system so the pus leaks and ergo, less pain
.</div>
1392058762613 1374198547816 are gingival absceses rapidly expanding or slowl
y expanding?
rapidly expanding.
1392058792820 1374198547816 How long does it take for gingival abscesses to
become fluctuant?
1-2 days.
1392058990487 1374198547816 histological characteristics of gingival abscess
es
PMN s, edema, vascular enlargement.<div>purulent exudate.</div>
1392059141601 1374198547816 gingival abscess treatment (5) 1) incision&nbsp
;<div>2) clean w/ warm water</div><div>3) dismiss after bleeding stops</div><div
>4) instruct to rinse w/ warm water</div><div>5) scale area when sypmtom free (d
on t have to wait all the time).</div>
1392059412661 1374198547816 Periodontal abscess-what are two characteristics
from preexisting periodontal pocket? 1) healing at the coronal aspect of the
pocket<div>2) deep, narrow, tortuous pocket.</div>
1392059556921 1374198547816 Periodontal abscess-etiology (3)
1) preex
isting periodontal pocket<div>2) foreign objects</div><div>3) calculus</div><div
><br /></div>
1392059628383 1374198547816 periodontal abscesses-two things that can happen
with these.
1) draining thru sulcus or fistula-less pain.<div>2) lateral rad
iolucency (not if For L).</div>
1392059707638 1374198547816 Your Pt comes in on monday and said that they we
nt to the movies friday and ate popcorn. Their upper right molar was non-t
hrobbing dull aching pain on saturday but went away by sunday. The gingiva
on the L of #3 is fluctuant. Name the lesion.
gingival abscess
1392059901380 1374198547816 periodontal and gingival abscesses present with
what kind of pain?
dull, ache-y, non throbbing.
1392059972385 1374198547816 periodontal abscesses characteristics (5)
1) pain-dull achey<div>2) red to reddish blue</div><div>3) swelling</div><div>4)

tender on chewing and percussion</div><div>5) mobile and "high."</div><div>*(4)
and (5) can occur with PA lesion</div>
1392060065227 1374198547816 what two things can happen with PA lesions and p
eriodontal abscesses? 1) tender on chewing and percussion and <div>2) mob
ile and "high."</div>
1392060112075 1374198547816 Periodontal abscesses have bacteria that are sim
ilar to ....
...chronic periodontitis<div>e.g. P. gingivalis, T. forsythus, e
tc.</div>
1392060176342 1374198547816 Periodontal abscess differential diagnosis<div>(
8)</div>
1) PA abscess/Lesion of Endodontic Origin (LEO)<div>2) acute pul
pitis</div><div>3) incomplete tooth fracture</div><div>4) pericoronitis</div><di
v>5) periodontal cyst</div><div>6) osteomyelitis</div><div>7) manifestation of s
ystemic Dz</div><div>8) systemic antibiotic </div><div>therapy-->superin
fection w/ other infectious organism.</div>
1392060379417 1374198547816 PA abscess has periapical radiolucency? yes
1392060527369 1374198547816 PA abscess- if there is a fistula, how do you fi
gure out which tooth is the one at fault?
x-ray with gutta percha cone in
the fistula-points to the "hot tooth"
1392060600994 1374198547816 PA abscess-vital or nonvital tooth?
NON-vita
l tooth
1392060629043 1374198547816 with the PA abscess, is the pocket shallow or de
ep?
either or.
1392060666823 1374198547816 Your Pt comes in on monday and they are complain
ing of severe pain in their lower left molar region. #19 has a deep MOD am
algam that is 10 years old. X-rays reveal recurrent decay and PA radioluce
ncy. #19 has no response to EPT. Name the lesion. PA abscess.
1392060835156 1374198547816 PA vs. Perio abscesses: whats the difference in
pain? PA-SEVERE, sharp, intermittent, diffuse.<div>Perio-not severe, dull, con
stant, localized.</div>
1392060976819 1374198547816 PA vs. Perio abscesses: pain on percussion- stat
e which one is very painful vs. not so painful. PA is VERY painful.<div>Perio is
not as painful.</div>
1392061038820 1374198547816 PA vs. Perio abscesses: which one can the Pt loc
ate the tooth in question?
PA-unable to locate the tooth-pain is diffuse<di
v>Perio-can locate the tooth.</div>
1392061093151 1374198547816 PA vs. Perio abscesses: Which one has pain
at the <i>apex</i> during palpation? Periapical (duh)
1392061163983 1374198547816 PA vs. Perio abscesses: which lesion is strictly
non-vital? which one could be either vital or not?
PA is NON-VITAL!
<div>Perio can be vital or non-vital.</div>
1392061229922 1374198547816 PA vs. Perio abscesses: which one has only deep
pockets? which one has shallow or deep? Periodontal is deep only.<div>Pe
riapical is shallow or deep. If its deep its also narrow.</div>
1392061302607 1374198547816 Acute pulpitis-what kind of pain is associated w
ith this?
diffuse pain. Pain in the opposite arch.
1392061369172 1374198547816 Acute pulpitis-has a thermal change with it (T/F
)
True
1392061417492 1374198547816 Acute pulpitis has swelling and drainage (T/F)
False.
1392061442960 1374198547816 Incomplete tooth fracture is easy to detect (T/F
)
False-difficult to detect.
1392061513593 1374198547816 Incomplete tooth fracture is seen on virgin teet
h (T/F) False-endodontically treated teeth.
1392061548674 1374198547816 Incomplete tooth fracture is detected with pain
on chewing (T/F)
True-when the Pt bites on the tooth, it causes it to sep
arate along the crack=PAIN.
1392061605720 1374198547816 Incomplete tooth fracture is associated with 1)
shallow/deep pockets that are<div>2) wide/narrow</div><div>3) with or without dr
ainage?</div> 1) deep pockets<div>2) narrow</div><div>3) with drainage</div>
1392061703066 1374198547816 Pericoronitis is associated with which teeth?

3rd Mn molars<div>called operculum->operculitis</div>
1392061788159 1374198547816 Pericoronitis has swelling (T/F)
True-has
swelling.
1392061926244 1374198547816 Pericoronitis presents with redness (T/F)
True-has redness
1392061948898 1374198547816 Pericoronitis doesn t have trismus (T/F)
False-does have trismus.
1392061970811 1374198547816 Pericoronitis has dysphagia (T/F)
True-has
dysphagia.
1392062013431 1374198547816 Pericoronitis has fever and lymphadenopathy (T/F
)
True.
1392062039783 1374198547816 Pericoronitis considerations (4)
1) sever
ity of inflammation<div>2) systemic complications</div><div>3) advisability of r
etaining the involved tooth</div><div>4) removing all pericoronal flaps.</div>
1392062152694 1374198547816 Pericoronitis Treatment (5)
1) gently flush
w/ warm water<div>2) swabbing with antiseptic after elevating the flap</div><div
>3) antibiotics in severe cases</div><div>4) establish drainage</div><div>5) NO
<u>NOT</u> scale or rooth plane subgingivally aggressively.</div>
1392062429973 1374198547816 Pericoronitis-if the tooth is to be retained wha
t do you do? (2)
1) remove the pericoronal flap<div>2) apply the periodon
tal pack (1 wk)</div>
1392063341963 1374198547816 pericoronitis is associated with NUG (t/f)
True.<div><br /></div>
1392063860950 1374198547816 Periodontal cyst has a poorly defined radiolucen
cy (t/f)
false-it has a well defined radiolucency
1392063925116 1374198547816 Periodontal cyst is apical to the root (t/f)
false-it is LATERAL to the root.
1392063955930 1374198547816 Periodontal cyst-which teeth affected? Mn K9 an
d premolar.
1392102685661 1374198547816 True/false: the periodontal cyst can become infe
cted. true
1392102740766 1374198547816 Periodontal cyst characteristics (4)<div>radiogr
aphic presentation</div><div>position relative to the root</div><div>teeth predi
lection</div><div>complication</div>
1) well defined radiolucency<div>2) late
ral to the root</div><div>3) Mn K9 and premolar</div><div>4) can become infected
.</div>
1392102866087 1374198547816 osteomyelitis-definition, characteristics. (4)
infection of the marrow <div> rapid and diffuse destruction of bone</d
iv><div>indistinct trabeculation </div><div>loss of lamina dura</div>
1392102983165 1374198547816 what circumstance would warrant systemic antibio
tics? (2)
1) <u>multiple perio abscesses</u><div>2) super infection in non
-Tx periodontal Pts.</div>
1392103064434 1374198547816 Periodontal abscess Tx? (4)
1) <b>regenerati
on</b>-better w/ acute. chronic abscess react like chronic periodontitis to Tx.<
div>2) <b>drainage</b>-thru pocket opening/incision. anesthetize away from
the abcess.</div><div>3) <b>surgical approach</b>-text book recommends but cons
ider regeneration.</div><div>4) <b>Antibiotics</b>-if fever, lymphadenopathy or
malaise.</div><div>SADAR-surgical approach/drainage/antibiotics/regen.</div>
1392105207357 1374198547816 what are the antibiotics that you use for period
ontal abscesses?
penicillin 500 mg<div>tetracycline 250 mg</div><div>azir
thromycin, metronidazole, clindamycin</div>
1392105462169 1374198547816 how long do periodontal abscesses usually take t
o resolve?
1-2 days. if not monitor weekly.
1392105529518 1374198547816 what do you do after perio abscess resolution?
complete the periodontal exam.
1392105564847 1374198547816 how do you treat chronic abscesses after resolut
ion/healing?
treat as periodontitis
1392105608474 1374198547816 NUG symptoms (8)
1) enlarged lymph node<d
iv>2) fever & malaise</div><div>3) hyper salivation</div><div>4) bleeding</d
iv><div><b>5) fiery red gingiva, necrosis</b></div><div><b>6) punched out papill

ae</b></div><div><b>7) extreme pain</b></div><div><b>8) fetor oris</b></div>
1392105707932 1374198547816 NUG-4 zones
1) bacterial zone<div>2) neutrop
hil-rich/ PMN zone</div><div>3) necrotic zone</div><div>4) infiltration of spiro
chetes (250 um)</div>
1392105772809 1374198547816 NUG etiologic factors (4)
1) malnutrition<
div>2) emotional stress</div><div>3) smoking</div><div>4) compromised immune sys
tem</div><div>-PMN defect</div><div>-HIV (+)</div>
1392105911949 1374198547816 Does NUG happen in older or younger Pts?
younger
1392105934236 1374198547816 NUG Tx (6)
1) pain relief<div>2) debride ca
refully (supragingival)</div><div>3) topical antibiotics not useful</div><div>4)
PCN or metronidazole for 7 days if systemic symptoms are present.</div><div>5)
instructions for the Pt</div><div>6) postpone perio procedures!</div>
1392106010781 1374198547816 what are the NUG take home instructions? (5)
1) rest, drink fluid<div>2) avoid smoking and alcohol</div><div>3) nutritional s
upplements (vit B,C)</div><div>4) rinse w/ H2O2/ CHX</div><div>5) brush and flos
s!</div>
1392106205307 1374198547816 NUG: what is a potential problem upon healing?
a PLAQUE TRAP secondary to crater formation; consider surgical revision.
1392106529553 1374198547816 NUG: what do you NOT use? (3) 1) phenol<div>2)
silver nitrate</div><div>3) chromic acid</div>
1392106574638 1374198547816 NUG: when do you use systemic antibiotics?
1) only in Pt w/ toxic systemic complications or local adenophathy<div>2) only u
sed as an adjuct to your normal, supportive therapy e.g. fluid, vitamins, rest,
etc.</div>
1392106674995 1374198547816 So you have a case of "unresponsive" or refracto
ry NUG. What do you do? 1) discontinue all local drug therapy<div>2) rule out ot
her Dz-desquamative gingivitis or acute herpetic gingivostomatitis</div><div>3)
look for local and systemic contributing factors e.g. smoking</div><div>4) incre
ase the plaque control!</div>
1392106862683 1374198547816 What causes recurrent NUG? (5) 1) inadequate lo
cal therapy<div>2) pericoronal flap</div><div>3) anterior overbite</div><div>4)
plaque control</div><div>5) tobacco use</div>
1392106933290 1374198547816 What is the difference b/n NUG and NUP? NUP has
bone loss.<div>more HIV (+) association...</div>
1392107036648 1374198547816 Herpetic gingivostomatitis-etiology?
HSV 1
1392107076976 1374198547816 Herpetic gingivostomatitis: younger or older Pts
younger-children
1392107100909 1374198547816 Herpetic gingivostomatitis-duration
7-10 day
s
1392107114248 1374198547816 Herpetic gingivostomatitis: scars or no scars up
on healing?
W/o scars-scarring would be apthous major...
1392107175256 1374198547816 Herpetic gingivostomatitis-Si/Sx (8)
1) pain<div>2) malaise</div><div>3) lymphadenopathy</div><div>4) elevated body t
emp</div><div>5) swelling</div><div>6) redness</div><div><b>7) vesicles </b
></div><div><b>8) painful oral ulcers w/ red halo on lips, palate, tongue and gi
ngiva</b></div>
1392107351185 1374198547816 Your Pt has herpetic gingivostomatitis. Wh
at is the first thing you do? You give them palliative measures e.g. fluid, re
st, plaque control, systemic NSAIDs, local anesthetic, postponed estensive perio
Tx.
1392107534607 1374198547816 Your Pt has herpetic gingivostomatitis. Yo
u gave her palliative measures e.g. fluid, rest, plaque control, systemic NSAIDs
, local anesthetic, postponed estensive perio Tx. Your Pt shows up with an
opportunistic bacterial infection. What do you do?
prescribe local/
systemic antibiotics!
1392107680476 1374198547816 Your Pt has herpetic gingivostomatitis. Sh
e has had it for over 2 weeks. What do you do?
refer to a physician.
1392107714112 1374198547816 Why do you not want to put your ungloved/torn gl
oved fingers in a mouth with herpetic gingivostomatitis?

Because you can
get <i>herpetic whitlow!</i>
1392107894131 1374198547816 name the lesion. <div>reoccurs, has major,
minor and herpetiform types.</div><div>heals in 10-14 days.</div><div>fibropuru
lent membrane with red halo.<br /><div><br /></div></div>
Apthous stomatit
is
1394581348299 1390161073008 what is a normal periodontium? -<b>no attachmen
t loss, disease or trauma</b>.<div>-it has variable forms with proper function t
hat are inter-dependent on eachother.</div><div>-Dz/trauma free but <i>may have
attachment loss.</i></div>
1394581515893 1390161073008 T/F: healthy periodontium may have attachment lo
ss, but only in the disease/trauma free state. true
1394581610608 1390161073008 In abnormal or diseased perio the gingivae do no
t often follow the changing bone contours.<div>T/F?</div>
True
1394581702337 1390161073008 In abnormal/Dz perio, as the disease progresses
there is no increase in bone loss, mobility, lost teeth, form, function and appe
arance.<div>T/F</div> False<div>there is an increase in all of the above.</div
>
1394581811776 1390161073008 thin scalloped periodontium is often associated
with what kind of teeth?
round, tapering tooth and root forms.
1394581870242 1390161073008 thick-flat periodontium is often assoc. w/ what
kind of teeth? bell-shaped or square tooth and root forms.
1394581910667 1390161073008 for natural teeth, the biological width averages
--- mm 2mm
1394581949615 1390161073008 for natural teeth, sulcus depth rages --- to --mm
1-3mm
1394581975350 1390161073008 patterns of thin or thick periodontal architecht
ure are called phenotypes<div>or biotypes.</div>
1394582047214 1390161073008 what are periodontally compromized dentitions? x
4
1) severe periodontitis and gingivitis<div>2)severe gingival recession</
div><div>3)severe bone loss</div><div>4) severe tooth loss</div>
1394582202034 1390161073008 those restorative and prosthetic endeavors that
are absolutely essential in the treatment of advanced Perio Dz are termed --- ---.
Periodontal Prostheses.
1394582284936 1390161073008 periodontal prosth. restorations are developed u
sing a series of periodontal, endodontic, orthodontic, surgical adn restorative
Tx.<div>T/F</div>
True
1394582360915 1390161073008 basics of perio prosth Tx: <div>step 1</div
>
eliminate discomfort, trauma, Dz
1394582408054 1390161073008 basics of perio prosth Tx: step 2
<div>(st
ep 1-eliminate discomfort, trauma, Dz)</div>diagnose and plan accurately
1394582425956 1390161073008 basics of perio prosth Tx: step 3
<div>1)
eliminate discomfort, trauma, Dz</div><div>2) diagnose and plan accurately</div>
<div><br /></div><b>3) first treat the cause then the effects of Dz</b>
1394582586750 1390161073008 basics of perio prosth:<div>step 4</div>
<div>1) eliminate discomfort, trauma, Dz</div><div>2) diagnose and plan accurate
ly</div>3) first treat the cause then the effects of Dz<div><br /></div><div><b>
4) provide optimal comfort, function, esthetics and speech.</b></div><div><br />
</div>
ly</div>3) first treat the cause then the effects of Dz<div>4) provide optimal c
omfort, function, esthetics and speech.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>5) secure
a good long-term prognosis before implementing the final restoration.</b></div><
div><b><br /></b></div>
ly</div>3) first treat the cause then the effects of Dz<div>4) provide optimal c
omfort, function, esthetics and speech.</div><div>5) secure a good long-term pro
gnosis before implementing the final restoration.</div><div><b><br /></b></div><
div><b>6) provide value</b></div>

1394582774452 1390161073008 phases of Treatment: 1) risk factors x8 1) healt
h, dental and family history<div>2) poor oral hygiene</div><div>3) diabetes</div
><div>4) tobacco/alcohol</div><div>5) hormonal imbalances</div><div>6) susceptib
ilty to Dz</div><div>7) stress, age and emotion</div><div>8) para-function</div>
1394582956417 1390161073008 phases of Treatment: 2) emergent care x5
1) control infections<div>2) control caries</div><div>3) resolve periodontal, to
oth and TM joint/muscle pain</div><div>4) use medications if necessary</div><div
>5) refer to physician</div>
1394583058420 1390161073008 phases of Treatment: 3) diagnostics x11 1) study
medical, dental and family Hx<div>2) TMJ muscles and joint assessment</div><div
>3) oral mucosa, radiograph</div><div>4) teeth and pulpal status</div><div>5) pe
riodontium</div><div>6) mandibular movements</div><div>7) functional occlusion</
div><div>8) determine the etiology</div><div>9) form diagnosis</div><div>10) mak
e prognosis</div><div>11) create Tx plan</div>
1394583250386 1390161073008 what are signs? can be measured (objective)
1394583341690 1390161073008 what are symptoms?
what the Pt sees or feel
s (subjective)
1394583363164 1390161073008 Prognosis types x5
1) excellent<div>2) good
</div><div>3) fair or gaurded</div><div>4) poor</div><div>5) hopeless</div>
1394583418398 1390161073008 Phase 3: initial Dz control x7 1) oral hygiene
instruction<div>2) removal of hopeless teeth</div><div>3) endodontic treatments<
/div><div>4) perio cleaning</div><div>5) caries control</div><div>6) strengthen
teeth</div><div>7) control occlusal trauma</div>
1394583566074 1390161073008 phase 4: surgical correction x6 1) resective pro
cedures<div>2) regenerative procedures</div><div>3) muco-gingival resection or e
mbellishment</div><div>4) vestibular deepening</div><div>5) edentulous ridge aug
mentation</div><div>6) sinus elevation/graft</div>
1394583669059 1390161073008 phase 5: provisional restorations x5
1) fixed
temporary crowns<div>2) fixed temporary bridges</div><div>3) temporary removabl
e partial dentures</div><div>4) intra-coronal splinting</div><div>5) extra-coron
al splinting.</div>
1394583762560 1390161073008 phase 6: final restorations x3 1) fixed or remo
vable or combo of both<div>2) porcelain-fused to gold crowns/bridges</div><div>3
) all porcelain restorations.</div>
1394583839255 1390161073008 Perio Prosth phases of Treatment overview x7
1) identify risk factors<div>2) emergent care</div><div>3) diagnosis and plan</d
iv><div>4) initial Dz control</div><div>5) surgical correction</div><div>6) prov
isional restorations</div><div>7) Final restorations</div>
1394592309105 1390161073008 overview of perio prosth phases w/ implants
1) identify risk factors<div>2) emergent care</div><div>3) diagnosis and plan</d
iv><div>4) initial Dz control</div><div>5) surgical correction of gingival and b
ony defects</div><div><b>6) implant diagnosis</b></div><div><b>7) bone and gingi
val augmentation</b></div><div><b>8) endosseous implant placement</b></div><div>
9) provisional restorations</div><div>10) Final restorations</div>
1393867626161 1390161073008 mechanical plaque control (3) 1) manual brushi
ng<div>2) power assisted brushing</div><div>3) water irrigation</div>
1393867716563 1390161073008 chemical plaque control (2)
1) local applica
tion of chemicals<div>2) systemic application of chemicals</div>
1393867769162 1390161073008 what is the primary goal of plaque control?
the removal of plaque both supra and sub-gingival.<div>supra is easy, sub is dif
ficult.</div>
1393867842206 1390161073008 objectives of antimicrobial therapy (4) 1) arres
t infection<div>2) arest further loss of attachment</div><div>3) arrest further
destruction of other perio tissues</div><div>4) eliminate gram (-) anaerobes in
biofilm</div>
1393867926882 1390161073008 what are ideal characteristics of local chemo ag
ents (9)
1) can be delivered<div>2) remain long enough</div><div>3) no re
sistant strains of bacteria</div><div>4) cost effective</div><div>5) pleasant to
use</div><div>6) low toxicity</div><div>7) high potency</div><div>8) intrinsic
efficacy</div><div>9) substantivity (clings to the surface and kills over time l

ike CHX).</div>
1393868051879 1390161073008 Baking soda, salt and H202 is known as the --- t
echnique. Is it still recommended?
The Keyes technique. Not r
ecommended.<div>*also use tetracycline when spirochetes/motiles increase.</div>
1393868166127 1390161073008 CHX is composed of ?
cationic bisguanide
1393868247881 1390161073008 CHX works by...
rupturing cell membranes
1393868263240 1390161073008 CHX is substantive T/F
True-adheres to
tissues
1393868285544 1390161073008 CHX is active for ... (timeframe) 6 hours
or more
1393868312418 1390161073008 CHX side effects (3)
1) staining<div>
2) taste alteration</div><div>3) calculus formation</div>
1393868338609 1390161073008 CHX is the "---- standard" "gold st
andard"
1393868366531 1390161073008 CHX percentage
.12 or .2%
1393868389619 1390161073008 CHX demonstrates how much plaque reduction?
(%)
50-55% plaque reduction
1393868424537 1390161073008 CHX shows how much gingivitis reduction? (%
)
45%
1393868456034 1390161073008 CHX protocols for use
15 ml rinse for
30 sec twice a day
1393868499537 1390161073008 CHX shows how much reduction in
salivary bacteria? (%) 90%
1393868545534 1390161073008 CHX-30 min lapse with dentrifice with
what? sodium lauryl sulfate and flouride.<div>probably not important but made
this card anyway...</div>
1393868602513 1390161073008 essential oils-examples LISTERINE <div>thym
ol, eucalyptol, menthol, mehtylsalicylate</div>
1393868663310 1390161073008 how do essential oils work?
distrupt
cell wall and bacterial enzymes.
1393868686832 1390161073008 essential oils show how much reduction in plaque
and gingivitis?
34%
1393868714458 1390161073008 essential oils-why do alcoholics sometimes drink
listerine ?
because listerine may contain alcohol. Contraindicated for
alcoholics...
1393868767530 1390161073008 when using essential oils in ultrasonic sca
lers, how much reduction in bacteria is observed?
94.1%
1393868818918 1390161073008 Providone iodine uses, side effects
used as
a presurgical scrub;<div>side effects -staining, iodine sensitivity, iodine toxi
city with prolonged use.</div>
1393884359704 1390161073008 quarternary ammonium is also called... cetylpri
dinium chloride (Cepacol)<div>cetylpyridinium chloride w/ domiphen bromide (Scop
e)</div>
1393884428230 1390161073008 quarternary ammonium compounds work by...
rupturing cell walls
1393884470726 1390161073008 quarternary ammonium compounds show how much pla
que reduction? gingivitis reduction?
plaque reduction 14%<div>gingivitis redu
ction 24%</div><div>*They have limited substantivity</div>
1393884550104 1390161073008 Sanguinarine is an ---- ----- extract herbal a
lkaloid extract
1393884609871 1390161073008 Sanguinarine shows how much plaque and gingiviti
s reduction?
17-42% plaque reduction<div>18-57% gingivitis reduction</div>
1393884661308 1390161073008 Sodium hypochlorite is known as ----<div><br /><
/div> bleach
1393884713757 1390161073008 problems with bleach (3)
-it has an odor<
div>-must have fresh soln</div><div>-corrosive</div>
1393884768440 1390161073008 Stannous floride is... ... an anticaries agent;
<div>NOT effective in reducing plaque or gingivitis.</div>
1393884830863 1390161073008 Triclosan is.. ...a soap, antiperspirant
1393884875880 1390161073008 Triclosan has how much plaque and gingivitis red
uction 20% plaque<div>25% gingivitis</div>
1393884903777 1390161073008 local delivery systems indications?
1) not r
esponding to initial therapy<div>2) localized Dz d sites in a stable mouth</div>
<div>3) as an adjunct</div>
1393884975625 1390161073008 local delivery systems contraindications? x3
1) not replace OH and SRP<div>2) allergic</div><div>3) pregnant or lactating</di
v>
1393885059981 1390161073008 local delivery systems: tetracycline fibers<div>
1) how are they used</div><div>2) what do they do</div><div><br /></div>
1) fill pocket while overlapping until 1mm seal w/ isocyanacrylate. do not
brush or floss; just CHX rinse. Technique sensitive and rarely used today
.<div>2) release TTC up to 10 days. </div>
1393885323896 1390161073008 local delivery systems: tetracycline fibers do s
how improvement in PD, BO{P and CAL true/false true
1393885374841 1390161073008 local delivery systems: CHX chip<div>how do you
use it?</div> after SRP, this is placed in the pocket. biodegradable, ke
ep dry while placing, do not brush or floss may use CHX rinse.
1393885495521 1390161073008 local delivery systems: CHX chip is no longer in
use because? it ended up causing perio abscesses.
1393885542139 1390161073008 doxycicline gel <div>what is it?</div>
trade name: atridox.<div>biodegradable polymer that hardens after contact with f
luid. </div>
1393885699562 1390161073008 doxycicline gel <div>how is it used?</div>
2 syringes and 23 gauge cannula<div>avoid brushing, flossing and eating.</div>
1393885741448 1390161073008 is doxycicline gel as effective as SRP as a
monotherapy? yes
1393885818299 1390161073008 CHX chip is also called PerioChip
1393885840305 1390161073008 doxycicline gel removes calculus T/F<div><br /><
/div> F
1393885878260 1390161073008 minocycline microspheres:<div>tradename;</div><d
iv>effectiveness</div> Arestin;<div>effective for 14 days, shows improvement &g
t;SRP alone.</div>
1393886034248 1390161073008 minocycline microspheres:<div>how long do you av
oid brushing and flossing?</div>
12 hrs.
1393886117036 1390161073008 metronidazole gel<div>how is it used</div><div>e
ffectiveness?</div>
blunt cannula;<div>similar to SRP as monotherapy (not so
ld in the US)</div>
1393886223702 1390161073008 minocycline ointment<div>effectiveness</div>
no more effective than other Tx<div>not sold in US</div>
1393886274222 1390161073008 Actisite<div>active ingredient;</div><div>vehicl
e</div> tetracycline<div>nonresorbable fiber</div>
1393886371461 1390161073008 Arestin<div><div>active ingredient;</div><div>ve
hicle</div></div>
minocycline<div>biodegradable powder in syringe</div>
1393886396339 1390161073008 Atridox<div><div>active ingredient;</div><div>ve
hicle</div></div>
doxycycline<div>mixture-gel</div>
1393886425149 1390161073008 Dentamycin<div><div>active ingredient;</div><div
>vehicle</div></div>
minocycline<div>mixture-gel</div>
1393886451172 1390161073008 Elyzol<div><div>active ingredient;</div><div>veh
icle</div></div>
metronidazole<div>mixture</div>
1393886474880 1390161073008 PerioChip<div><div>active ingredient;</div><div>
vehicle</div></div>
CHX<div>biodegradable chip</div>
1393886493348 1390161073008 Mariotti (1999)<div>CHX may affect fibroblast fu
nction (T/F)</div><div>use after perio Tx?</div>
True;<div>may use CHX af
ter perio Tx</div>
1393886641375 1390161073008 every periodontal Dz case needs the use of local
antibiotics<div>T/F</div>
F
1393886759522 1390161073008 when a statistically significant difference b/n
two different Tx methods is found, there will always be a clinically significant
difference (t/f)
False. There may be a clinically significant diffe
rence but NOT ALWAYS.<div>don t make decisions based on other s conclusion, but
make your own using sound judgement.</div>
1393888023814 1390161073008 rationale for antibiotic use
SRP alone may no
t eradicate all bacteria. several contributing factors-e.g. 100% removal o
f calculus is impossible, anatomy, pocket dimensions, etc.
1393888168130 1390161073008 what are the limitations of systemic antibiotics
? x2
biofilm stops drugs from getting the bacteria;<div>the antibiotics are d
iluted in the pocket.<br /><div><br /></div></div>
1393888261915 1390161073008 SRP has consistent results and is the gold stand
ard <div>T/F</div> true
1393888292073 1390161073008 what is transudation? when antibiotics in bloo
d stream act in the perio tissues.
1393888506797 1390161073008 what is translocation? when bacteria are transm
itted from one site in the mouth to another, e.g adjacent teeth. systemic
antibiotics are supposed to reduce this.
1393888654041 1390161073008 problems with systemic antibiotics x7 1) bacte
ria can develop resistance<div>2) Pt has allergic reaction like penicillin</div>
<div>3) reduce helpful bacteria-->superinfection w/ resistant strain or fungu
s.</div><div>4) photosensitivity with TTC. Tetracycline is like a vampire.
..</div><div>5) pregnancy. Don t use if pregnant (antibiotics won t make y
ou pregnant).</div><div>6) in elderly and children</div><div>7) birth control pi
lls. Don t use if taking birth control pills (not to be used as a substitu
te for birth control pills).</div><div><br /></div>
1393889122209 1390161073008 considerations for systemic antibiotics? x7
1) Route<div>2) frequency</div><div>3) dosage</div><div>4) absorption from GI tr
act</div><div>5) half-life</div><div>6) metabolism and excretion</div><div>7) dr
ug interactions.</div>
1393889185806 1390161073008 recommendations for systemic antibiotics
1) prophylactic (preventative)<div>2) therapeutic (to Tx Pts)</div>
1393889285211 1390161073008 what do you treat A.A. with?
TTC<div>or Metro
and Amoxi (van Winkelhoff)</div>
1393889377856 1390161073008 systemic antibiotic protocol: since your r
egimen of antibiotics is 7-14 days, how many appointments should SRP take?
2.<div>Insurance Co s usu. don t like a whole mouth SRP in 1 visit...</div>
1393889530056 1390161073008 Penicillin is a class of antibiotics called...<d
iv>is it bactericidal or -static?</div> Beta lactam<div>bactericidal-inhibits ce
ll wall synthesis.</div>
1393889631163 1390161073008 Penicillin has what problem ? hypersensitivity
rxns in 10% of users.
1393889671200 1390161073008 augmentin is a mix of ? amoxicillin and clavulan
ic acid. Use when resistant to beta lactamase!
1393889724779 1390161073008 TTC-Tetracycline is bacteriostatic or -cidal?
bacteriostatic
1393889776975 1390161073008 TTC-Tetracycline works by...
inhibiting prote
in synthesis-attacks the 70S ribosome.
1393889815807 1390161073008 TTC-Tetracycline is commonly used (t/f) True
1393889838397 1390161073008 TTC-Tetracycline inhibits tissue collagenase (PM
N) t/f? True
1393889886236 1390161073008 Doxycycline and minocyclines belong to the ----group tetracycline.
1393889913983 1390161073008 Clindamycin works by... blocking protein product
ion
1393889960862 1390161073008 Clindamycin is used when Pt is allergic t
o PCN
1393889979764 1390161073008 erythromycin is used as a last ditch effort agai
nst resistant strains of AA but not as good as PCN <div>t/f</div> True.
1393890037894 1390161073008 Metronidazole uses x3 1) highly effective vs G
(-) anaerobes<div>2) NUG</div><div>3) combined with PCN or amoxi</div>
1393890125934 1390161073008 PerioStat is... a sub-antimicrobial dose (20mg)
of doxycycline used twice daily for <div>6-9 months. Supposed to down
regulate PMN collagenase. </div>

1393890303369 1390161073008 PerioStat is used as a first line of defens
e and shows as good results as SRP as a monotreatment (t/f)
False. It
is a last ditch effort for smokers and refractory periodontitis. Used as a
n adjuct to SRP. Cost benefit analysis sucked so it fell by the way-side.
1393890434227 1390161073008 NSAIDs-mode of action and why used?
inhibits
synthesis of inflammatory mediators/cytokines. <div>supposed to reduce th
e host response side of the tissue destruction in Perio Dz. However no sig
nificant results...</div>
1393890537036 1390161073008 T/F<div>antibiotics make a huge difference after
SRP</div>
False. not much difference.
1393890618065 1390161073008 T/F<div>SRP alone is no better than antibiotics
alone</div>
False. SRP is better than antibiotics alone.
1393890653409 1390161073008 T/F<div>routine use of antibiotics is warranted
with perio Dz</div>
False. Not routine use! SRP is the gold stan
dard; antibiotics ONLY as an adjunct to SRP...
1393890810893 1390161073008 Systemic antibiotics should be used as a monothe
rapy <div>T/F</div>
False. Should be used as an adjuct to SRP!
1393890857146 1390161073008 Antibiotics show substantial improvement in clin
ical parameters for all Pts after Perio therapy on a long term basis.<div>T/F</d
iv>
False: improvement in certain sites/individuals on a short term ba
sis.
1389635383501 1381262663025 What does SPT stand for?<div>- How many parts do
es it have?</div>
Supportive Periodontal Therapy<div>- Each visit has thre
e parts</div>
1389635479782 1381262663025 What are the three parts called in Supporti
ve Periodontal Therapy (SPT)? Part 1: Examiniation<div>Part 2: Treatment</div>
<div>Part 3: Report, Cleanup, and Scheduling</div>
1389635515326 1381262663025 How long should the SPT visit be?
Approxim
ately 1 hour, shouldn t be less, but could be more if patient has deep pockets.
1389635781960 1381262663025 Although the SPT is similar to the initial exami
nation, what is the difference? You are looking for CHANGES
1389635837901 1381262663025 Radiographic examination must be individualized
during the SPT, what are the 4 things to look for?
- Bone height<div>- Repa
ir/Degeneration of osseous defects</div><div>- Caries</div><div>- Periapical pat
hology</div>
1389635952170 1381262663025 T/F At every visit you need to record all measur
ements of the patient in their chart. False, once a year you need to record al
l data, otherwise just record changes.
1389636029622 1381262663025 Legally how often should you do an FMX at MINIMU
M?
Every 3 to 5 years
1389636331611 1381262663025 Recurrence of Periodontal disease is not necessa
rily a total failure. The key is to "expect it" and _____ to intercept it early.
Monitor
1389636552949 1381262663025 When do you practice supervised neglect or malpr
actice even though you did SPTs?
If you didn t monitor adequate monitorin
g and adjustment of treatment.
1389636636231 1381262663025 What are causes of Recurrence of PD? (4)
- Inadequate, insufficient removal of calculus<div>- Inadequate restorations pla
ced after finished periodontal treatment</div><div>- Failure of patient to retur
n for SPT</div><div>- Presence of systemic disease that may affect host resistan
ce</div>
1389637301900 1381262663025 If the patient has recurrence of PD because of p
oor plaque control, what must you delay? (3)
- Delay surgery<div>- Delay crow
n and bridge</div><div>- Delay implant treatment</div>
1389637613124 1381262663025 The first year after periodontal therapy is very
important, so you should do what? (3) 1. Indoctrinate patient in your recall e
xpectations<div>2. Accurately evaluate results of surgical procedures</div><div>
3. Must be no longer than 3 months</div>
1389637734655 1381262663025 PSR does not replace a complete periodontal exam
ination, but... <div>It does indicate to the dentist/hygienist when a parti

al or a full mouth comprehensive examination is needed.</div>
1389638696745 1381262663025 <div>Exposure to a Risk Factor must occur _
__ the onset of Periodontal Disease</div> BEFORE
1389638785504 1381262663025 T/F Removal of all risk factors will remove the
patient s periodontal disease. False, it only reduces the risk of getting the d
isease, but once they have the disease they still need the dentist/hygienists h
elp.
1389645798544 1381262663025 Symptom: Increased Mobility<div>What are the pos
sible causes?</div>
- Increased inflammation <div>- Poor oral hygiene&n
bsp;</div><div>- Subgingival calculus</div><div>- Inadequate restorations</div><
div>- Deteriorating or poorly designed prosthesis</div><div>- Systemic disease m
odifying host response to plaque</div>
1389645908019 1381262663025 Symptom: Recession<div><div>What are the possibl
e causes?</div></div> - Toothbrush abrasion<div>- Inadequate keratinized gingi
va with poor oral hygiene </div><div>- Frenum pull</div><div>- Orthodontic
therapy</div>
1389645932447 1381262663025 <div>Symptom: Increased Mobility with no ch
ange in pocket depth and no radiographic change</div><div>What are the possible
causes?</div> - Occlusal trauma caused by lateral occlusal interference<div>Bruxism</div><div>- High restoration</div><div>- Poorly designed or wornout pros
thesis</div><div>- Poor crown-to-root ratio</div>
1389645984872 1381262663025 <div>Symptom: Increased pocket depth with no rad
iographic change</div>What are the possible causes?
- Poor oral hygiene&nbsp
;<div>- Infrequent recall visits</div><div>- Subgingival calculus</div><div>- Po
orly fitting partial denture</div><div>- Mesial inclination into edentulous spac
e</div><div>- Failure of new attachment surgery</div><div>- Cracked teeth</
div><div>- Grooves in teeth</div><div>- New periodontal disease</div><div>- Ging
ival overgrowth caused by medication</div>
1389646057539 1381262663025 <div>Symptom: Increased pocket depth with radiog
raphic bone loss</div><div>What are the possible causes?</div> - Poor oral hygi
ene<div>- Subgingival calculus</div><div>- Infrequent recall visits</div><div>Inadequate or deteriorating restorations</div><div>- Poorly designed prosthesis&
nbsp;</div><div>- Inadequate surgery</div><div>- Systemic disease modifying
host response to plaque</div><div>- Cracked teeth</div><div>- Grooves in teeth<
/div><div>- New periodontal disease</div>
1389646545673 1381262663025 <div>Symptom: Gingival changes in color/texture<
/div><div>What are the possible causes?</div> - Inflammation<div>- Look f
or small changes in color</div>
1389646578853 1381262663025 <div>Symptom: Bleeding on probing</div><div>What
are the possible causes?</div> - Plaque/calculus <div>(Note: Sometimes a p
t. comes in for a maintenance visit with excellent plaque score, but a significa
nt increase in bleeding score. Why? Pt. performed adequate OHC for only a few da
ys immediately before the appointment.)</div>
1389646643890 1381262663025 <div>Symptom: Gradual increase in bone loss</div
><div>What are the possible causes?</div>
- Plaque<div>- Host response to
inflammation</div><div>- Episodic nature of periodontal disease</div>
1382213175906 1360692053906 what is the definition of systemic hypertension?
above 140/90
1382213222846 1360692053906 what are the factors that determine blood pressu
re?
cardiac output and peripheral resistance
1382213276805 1360692053906 peripheral resistance is controlled by? arteriol
es
1382213334354 1360692053906 what is the more common clinical course of hyper
tension?
benign
1382215065361 1360692053906 what are mechanisms of essential hypertension?
reduced renal sodium excretion<div>increased vascular resistance</div><div>genet
ic</div><div>environmental: stress, obesity, smoking, inactivity, high consumpti
on of salt</div>
1382215150182 1360692053906 what are morphological patterns of benign hypert
ension? hyaline arteriolosclerosis

1382215301431 1360692053906 what are morphologic patterns of malignant hyper
tensive vascular disease?
hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis
1382216185811 1360692053906 the hyaline arteriosclerosis in the kidney that
affects both efferent and afferent arterioles in glomerulus is pathonumoic for?
Diabetes Mellitus
1382216417025 1360692053906 where are the most serious consequences of ather
osclerosis seen in?
coronary arteries, cerebral vessels, aorta
1382216498504 1360692053906 what is the critical threshold age for atheroscl
erosis? 40-60
1382216545633 1360692053906 what are modifiable risk factors for atheroscler
osis in order of impact?
hyperlipidemia<div>hypertension</div><div>cigare
tte smoking</div><div>DM</div>
1382216606183 1360692053906 what is pathogenesis of atherosclerosis?
response to injury<div>- endothelial injury</div><div>- accumulation of lipoprot
eins</div><div>- platelet adhesion</div><div>- monocyte adhesion to endothelium<
/div><div>- lipid accumulation within macrophages</div><div>- smooth muscle cell
s recruited, proliferate, produce ECM</div><div><br /></div>
1382216740528 1360692053906 What are site of predilection for atherosclerosi
s in order?
<div>"AACPIC"</div>Lower abdominal aorta<div>Coronary arteries</
div><div>Popliteal arteries</div><div>Internal carotid arteries</div><div>Circle
of Willis</div>
1382216809721 1360692053906 what is an aneurysm?
permanent dilation of bl
ood vessels or heart
1382216897612 1360692053906 What is a dissection? pressured blood enters w
all of artery, forming hematoma between layers of arterial wall
1382217506312 1360692053906 what is pathogenesis for kawasaki disease?
delayed hypersensitivity
1382217551403 1360692053906 what is the classic triad for Wegener granulomat
osis? Graulomas of upper/lower respiratory tract<div>necrotizing or granulomat
ous vasculitis of small arteries and veins</div><div>necrotizing glomerulonephri
tis</div>
1382217713812 1360692053906 what vaculitis disease is only seen in smokers?
thromboangiitis obliterans
1382217922187 1360692053906 what disease is seen in young to middle-aged men
who smoke?
1382217991190 1360692053906 primary raynaud phenomenon affects men or women?
women
1382218095471 1360692053906 what is the color change difference in primary v
s. secondary raynaud phenomenon?
white > blue > red<div>white >
red > blue > gangrene</div>
1382218145725 1360692053906 which vein is mostly affected in varicose veins
of the extremities?
superficial leg veins
1382218258073 1360692053906 what are predisposing factors for esophageal var
ices? alcoholic liver disease and chronic hepatitis
1382218307754 1360692053906 what is infectious agent for lymphangiitis?
Group A B-hemolytic streptococci
1382218612960 1360692053906 Compare and contrast Simple congenital, Milroy d
isease and lymphedema praecox? <div>Simple congenital</div><div>- isolated defe
ct, present at birth</div><div><br /></div>Milroy<div>- present at birth, famili
al, not progressive<br /><div><br /></div><div>Lymphedema praecox</div></div><di
v>- onset 10-20 yrs, familial, progressive, most severe</div>
1382218829083 1360692053906 what are causes of secondary lymphedema?
post-inflammatory scarring<div>obstruction by neoplasia</div><div>lymphectomy</d
iv><div>post-irradiation fibrosis</div><div>filariasis</div>
1382218886337 1360692053906 what is cause of spider telangiectasias?
hyperestrinism
1382218998916 1360692053906 what is the hereditary type of spider telangiect
asias? osler-Weber-Rendu disease
1382219037495 1360692053906 what is sturge-weber syndrome? large hemangioma
s in head and neck associated with mental retardation, seizure, etc.

1382219303477 1360692053906 What is Kaposi Sarcoma caused by?
HHV8
1382219375640 1360692053906 What is risk factor for angiosarcoma? exposure
to arsenic
1382407938704 1360692053906 what is more common, essential or secondary HTN?
Essential
1382408075742 1360692053906 what is monkeberg medial calcific sclerosis?
calcification in media of medium sized muscular arteries
1382408454738 1360692053906 what is atherosclerosis?
formation of int
imal fibrofatty plaques called atheromas
1382408484395 1360692053906 what allows women to be spared from atherosclero
sis until later in life?
estrogen
1382408680963 1360692053906 what is cause and location for Berry aneurysm?
congenital thinning of the media<div>Circle of Willis</div>
1382408996764 1360692053906 What is etiology of abodominal aortic aneurysm?
atherosclerotic aneurysm
1382409022840 1360692053906 What are etiology for thoracic aortic aneurysm?
hypertention<div>marfan syndrome</div>
1382409101022 1360692053906 what are pathogenesis for aortic dissection?
tear in intima (trauma)
1382409142674 1360692053906 what are predisposing factors for aortic dissect
ion?
hypertension<div>pregnancy</div><div>marfan</div>
1382409159591 1360692053906 what is the most common vasculitis of the elderl
y?
giant cell arteritis
1382409266904 1360692053906 what is disease mechanism for giant cell arterit
is?
t cell mediated response to MHC II antigens
1382409304210 1360692053906 what are target areas for giant cell arteritis?
larger arteries of head:<div>temporal arteries, ophthalmic artery</div>
1382409378362 1360692053906 what is a common source of immune complexes in p
olyarteritis nodosa?
chronic hep B
1382409464471 1360692053906 polyarteritis nodosa is typically seen in which
age group?
young adults
1382409509142 1360692053906 Kawasaki disease etiology?
childhood viruse
s
1382409551736 1360692053906 what is pathogenesis for kawasaki disease?
Delayed hypersensitivity (IV)
1382409580694 1360692053906 if vasculitis in kawasaki disease affects corona
ry arteries, what may ensue?
thrombosis and myocardial infarction
1382409627486 1360692053906 What is pathogenesis for Wegener granulomatosis?
cell mediated hypersensitivity (IV)
1382409676821 1360692053906 which vein is most prone to varicose veins of th
e extremities? superifical leg veins
1382409937680 1360692053906 what are contributing factors for hemorrhoids?
chronic constipation<div>pregnancy</div><div>liver cirrhosis</div>
1382410032683 1360692053906 what are most common infecting org. for lymphang
iitis? group A B hemolytic strep.
1382410073004 1360692053906 which is more severe/common, primary or secondar
y lymphedema? secondary
1382410126448 1360692053906 What are types and characteristics of primary ly
mphedema?
Simple congenital: isolated, congential<div>Milroy disease: fami
lial, congenital, not progressive</div><div>Lymphedema praecox: familial, progre
ssive, most severe</div>
1382410223622 1360692053906 what are non-neoplastic lesions?
pyogenic
granuloma<div>spider telangiectasias</div><div>hemangiomas</div>
1382410521301 1360692053906 what are vascular neoplasms?
kaposi s
arcoma<div>angiosarcoma</div>
1382412314891 1360692053906 what does c-reactive protein predict? risk for
MI, stroke, peripheral artery disease, sudden cardiac death
1382412358609 1360692053906 what is the most common cause of thoracic aortic
aneurysm?
hypertension
1382412605502 1360692053906 which vasculitis involves the kidneys? wegener

granulomatosis
1382413293499 1360692053906 which vasculitis involves the entire neurovascul
ar bundle?
1382413420043 1360692053906 what causes secondary raynaud? SLE, systemic sc
lerosis, atherosclerosis, Buerger (thromboangiitis obliterans)
1382413641038 1360692053906 what is etiology for hemangiomas?
congenit
al hamartomas
1382465429773 1360692053906 what are constitutional risk factors for atheros
clerosis?
age, gender, genetics
1382465453829 1360692053906 how can DM be a risk factor for atherosclerosis?
induces serum cholesterol and TG increase<div>endothelial injury</div><div>risk
of MI, stroke </div>
1382466096301 1360692053906 what are other acquired risk factors for atheros
clerosis?
inflammation<div>- c-reactive protein<br /><div>hyperhomocystein
emia</div><div>- low folate, vitamin B6</div><div>lipoprotein A</div></div><div>
Type A personality</div><div>Obesity</div><div>low physical activity</div><div>o
ral contraceptives</div><div>high carb intake > increased triglycerides</div>
<div>periodontal pathogens</div><div>metabolic syndrome</div><div>procoagulants<
/div><div><br /></div>
1382471935840 1360692053906 What are treatment options for MI?
coronary
bypass surgery<div>angioplasty</div><div>cardiac stents</div><div>aspirin, coum
adin, plavix</div><div>lifestyle changes</div>
1382489896861 1360692053906 what are predisposing factors for telangiectasia
s?
pregnancy, liver cirrhosis, or klinefelter syndrome
1382490018673 1360692053906 when should hypertensive patient without medical
risk factors be referred for emergency medical treatment?
systolic >= 2
10 and/or<div>dia >= 120</div>
1382490057524 1360692053906 which disease has autoantibodies to components o
f neutrophils and monocytes?
Wegener granulomatosis
1382490286109 1360692053906 which is a reaction lesion form aberation of hea
ling? pyogenic granuloma
1383622190548 1360692053906 What is the normal platelet count range?
150-450x10^3 uL
1383622227129 1360692053906 What is the template bleeding time?
2-9 minu
tes
1383622238760 1360692053906 for greater vessles, what are needed for coagula
tion? both fibrin and platelets
1383622539018 1360692053906 what s to be suspected when there is spontaneous
gingival bleeding?
scurvy
1383622975493 1360692053906 What is indicative of platelet deficiency?
platelet count below 100,000/mm^3<div>prolonged bleeding time</div><div>normal c
oagulation time</div>
1383623064178 1360692053906 what is indicative of platelet dysfunction?
coagulation time, platelet count normal<div>bleeding time prolonged</div>
1383623104293 1360692053906 what is the most common cause of platelet proble
ms?
aspirin
1383623117096 1360692053906 what are indicative of coagulation defects?
normal platelet count and bleeding time<div>prolonged coagulation times</div><di
v>petechiae and purpura not found</div><div>massive hemorrhage follow significan
t trauma or operative procedures</div><div>no spontaneus hemorrhages</div>
1383623323534 1360692053906 what is thrombocytopenia?
decreased number
of platelets to less than 100,000/uL
1383623803632 1360692053906 if only 1 coagulation factor is deficient, what
kind of coagulation disorder? what if more than 1?
inherited<div>acquired</
div>
1383624106775 1360692053906 How is factor VIII complex made?
von Will
ebrand factor + factor VIII procoagulant
1383624167880 1360692053906 Where is factor VIII procoagulant made? liver
1383624182776 1360692053906 what is the most common inherited disorder to ca
use serious bleeding? facotr VIII deficiency-hemophilia A

1383624443107 1360692053906 which analgesic is not involved with bleeding pr
oblems? acetaminophen (tylenol)
1383624764927 1360692053906 all protein coagulation factors are made in live
r except?
most of Factor VIII complex (von willebrand factor)
1386484378535 1360692053906 What are two hormones of the pituitary that are
downregulated by dopamine and somatostatin ?
prolactin<div>GH</div>
1386484619583 1360692053906 what is the most common cause of hyperpituitaris
m?
functioning pituitary adenoma<div>- prolactin cell adenoma</div>
1386484702851 1360692053906 What happens if excess GH before completion of s
keletal growth? Gigantism
1386484787834 1360692053906 What happens with excess GH after skeletal growt
h?
acromegaly
1386485017449 1360692053906 what are the features of acromegaly?
enlargem
ent of hands, dwwr, head, mandible<div>thickening of facial features, lips, larg
e tongue</div>
1386485146807 1360692053906 what does excess prolactin result in? Amenorrh
ea-galactorrhea syndrome
1386485166072 1360692053906 What does excess ACTH result in?
Cushing
syndrome
1386485183261 1360692053906 what is the most common cause of hypopituitarism
?
pituitary adenomas
1386485237599 1360692053906 what are extrasellar lesions that can result in
hypopituitarism?
craniopharyngioma<div>meningioma</div><div>gliomas</div>
<div>germ cell tumors</div>
1386485717281 1360692053906 Which hypopituitary disease presents with infarc
tion and necrosis?
Sheehan syndrome
1386485760411 1360692053906 When does Sheehan syndrome mostly occur?
post-partum for mother
1386485800397 1360692053906 What is characteristic in Diabetes Mellitus but
not in Diabetes Insipidus?
Polyphagia
1386485951957 1360692053906 What is cause for Diabetes Insipidus? deficien
cy of ADH
1386486058887 1360692053906 What are clinical presentations of Diabetes Insi
pidus? Polyuria, polydipsia, dehydration and electrolyte imbalance, Polycythemi
a
1386486094360 1360692053906 What is the most common cuase of hyperthyroidism
?
Graves disease
1386486248314 1360692053906 what is diagnosis for hyperthyroidism? elevated
T4, T3<div>* If TSH also elevated, may be pituitary problem</div><div>* if TSH
is low, it is problem within thyroid itself</div>
1386551578696 1360692053906 What are the antibodies involved in Hashimoto th
yroiditis?
thyroidal antimicrosomal antibodies<div>antibodies to TSH recept
ors</div><div>antithyroglobulin antibodies</div><div><br /></div>
1386551818643 1360692053906 what are infectious agents for subacute granulom
atous thyroiditis?
mumps, measles, influenza
1386551978078 1360692053906 what is the classic triad for Graves disease?
thyrotoxicosis, bug eyes, subcutaneous edema
1386552108043 1360692053906 How does thyroid levels change in subacute lymph
ocytic thyroditis?
initial thyrotoxicosis > euthyroid
1386552147780 1360692053906 how are thyroid levels in fully developed Hashim
oto?
hypothyroidism (myxedema)
1386552193594 1360692053906 how is thyroid levels in simple colloid goiter?
usually euthyroid but may be hypothyroid
1386552266940 1360692053906 how is thyroid levels in multinodular goiter?
often euthyroid then develops thyrotoxicosis in longstanding cases
1386552300523 1360692053906 what is the most common type of thyroid adenomas
?
follicular thyroid adenoma
1386552352989 1360692053906 How is prognosis for types of thyroid carcinomas
?
#1 Papillary carcinoma<div>#2 Follicular carcinoma</div><div>#3 Anaplast
ic carcinoma</div><div>#4 Medullary carcinoma</div>

1386552413378 1360692053906 Which thyroid carcinomas is strongly associated
with prior irradiation? Papillary carcinoma
1386552435687 1360692053906 Where do medullary carcinoma of thyroid arise fr
om?
Parafollicular C cells of neurosecretory origin
1386552465850 1360692053906 what is the most common cause for hyperparathyro
idism? functional adenoma
1386552495793 1360692053906 What is the hallmark of hyperparathyroidism?
hypercalcemia
1386552516720 1360692053906 What are signs and symptoms of primary hyperpara
thyroidism?
moans, groans, stones, bones
1386552543545 1360692053906 What are symptoms of secondary hyperparathyroidi
sm?
bones<div>stones: no gallstones (b/c no hypercalcemia)</div><div><br /><
/div>
1386552609246 1360692053906 What syndrome results from increased cortisol?
Cushing syndrome
1386552646208 1360692053906 what are signs and symptoms of cushing disease?
hyperglycemia<div>increased fat deposition: truncal obesity, moon facies</div><d
iv>hypertension</div><div>muscle weakness</div><div>hirsutism</div><div>amenorrh
ea</div><div>mental disturbance</div><div>osteoporosis</div>
1386552729988 1360692053906 What are the ranked list of disease mechanism fo
r cushing syndrome?
#1 Iatrogenic<div>#2 Pituitary</div><div>#3 Adrenal</div
><div>#4 Ectopic</div>
1386552775830 1360692053906 What is acute adrenocortical insufficiency due t
o meningococcal septicemia?
acute adrenocortical insufficiency
1386552866200 1360692053906 Pheochromocytoma derives from? Chromaffin cells
of sympathetic nervous system
1386552900609 1360692053906 What are clinical signs of pheochromocytoma?
catecholamine production<div>hypertension</div><div>tachycardia</div><div>anxiet
y, headaches</div><div>disphoresis</div>
1386552943055 1360692053906 what is the most common extracranial tumor of ch
ildhood?
neuroblastoma
1386552968323 1360692053906 what is classic sign of neuroblastoma? protuber
ant abdominal mass
1386552989564 1360692053906 what are metabolites in urine indicating neurobl
astoma? vanillylmandelic acid, homovanillic acid
1386553012252 1360692053906 What are clinical features of multiple endocrine
neoplasia syndromes? Marfanoid<div>Dolichofacies</div><div>Multiple neoplasms
</div>
1386656206711 1360692053906 which endocrine/bone disorder involves abnormali
ty of only bones of intramembranous formation? Acromegaly
1386656763185 1360692053906 which endocrine/bone disorder involves abnormali
ty of only bones of endochondroal formation?
Achondroplasia
1386656800797 1360692053906 what are difference between hashimoto and graves
disease?
<u>hashi</u> &n
bsp; <u>graves</u><div>hypothyroidism
thyrotoxicosis</div><div><br /></div>
1386658114034 1360692053906 how do thyroid hormone levels change in subacute
granulomatous thyroiditis and subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis?
initial
thyrotoxicosis then euthyroid
1386658169772 1360692053906 for thyroid adenomas, which is the more common?
follicular thyroid adenoma
1386658681579 1360692053906 which thyroid carcinoma is associated with prior
irradiation? papillary carcinoma
1386658767821 1360692053906 what is the most common cause of secondary hyper
parathyroidism? renal diseases with calciuria
1386659052066 1360692053906 what are signs and symptoms of cushing syndrome?
hyperglycemia<div>increased fat deposition > truncal obesity, moon facies</di
v><div>hypertension</div><div>muscle weakness</div><div>hirsutism</div><div>Amen
orrhea</div>
1386659266454 1360692053906 which endocrine disease can cause secondary DM b

y increasing insulin resistance?
Cushing syndrome
1386659477236 1360692053906 what is the most common mechanism for cushing sy
ndrome? #1 iatrogenic: long term use of glucocorticosteroid medications
1386659687851 1360692053906 which mechanism of cusing syndrome results in ad
renal cortex atrophy? Iatrogenic: long term use of glucocorticosteroid medicat
ions
1386659852658 1360692053906 in which disease mechanisms of cushing is ACTH l
evels depressed?
Iatrogenic<div>Adrenal</div>
1386659900315 1360692053906 in which disease mechanisms of cushing syndrome
is acth elevated?
pituitary, ectopic
1386659934063 1360692053906 what are clinical features of addison disease?
weakness, fatigability<div>GI distrubances: anorexia, weight loss</div><div>hypo
tension</div><div>hypoglycemia</div><div>increased pigmentation of skin and muco
us membranes: "bronzing of gingiva"</div>
1386660091798 1360692053906 which endocrine disorders present with CNS invol
vement? thyrotoxicosis<div>cretinism</div><div>Myxedema</div><div>Hyperparathyro
idism, primary</div><div>Cushing</div>
1386660406690 1360692053906 which endocrine disorders have to do with secret
ion of ectopic hormones?
Medullary carcinoma<div>Cushing syndrome</div>
1386660452721 1360692053906 Which endocrine diseases present with osteoporos
is?
Cushing syndrome<div>Hyperparathyroidism</div>
1386793942536 1360692053906 can hyperpituitarism be cause by mass effects?
No
1386794039016 1360692053906 What kind of bones are enlarged in acromegaly?
intramembranous: hands, head, feet
1386794217241 1360692053906 T/F Functioning pituitary adenomas are the most
common cause for hypopituitarism.
False
1386794443437 1360692053906 What are the type of growth impeding diseases in
the endocrine/bone section and what are their differences?
Pituitary dwarfi
sm<div>Cretinism: includes mental retardation</div><div>Achondroplasia: normal i
ntramembranous bones</div>
1386794698136 1360692053906 what are excessive growth diseases in endocrine/
bone section and their differences?
Gigantism<div>Acromegaly: only intramemb
ranous bones</div>
1386794837670 1360692053906 which syndromes can present with panhypopituitar
ism?
Sheehan syndrome<div>Empty sella syndrome</div>
1386794907567 1360692053906 what are some etiological agents for cretinism?
antibody mediated<div>exogenous goitrogen</div><div>iodine deficiency</div>
1386795050377 1360692053906 which disease can cause delayed tooth eruption?
Cretinism
1386795226253 1360692053906 what are symptoms of myxedema? low metabolic st
ate<div>slowed mentation, movement</div><div>cool, rough, doughy skin (myxedema)
</div><div>macroglossia</div><div>constipation</div><div>bradycardia</div><div>e
nlarged heart</div>
1386795307992 1360692053906 how are TSH levels in myxedema? Elevated
1386795328852 1360692053906 How are TSH levels if hyperthyroidism is due to
pituitary problems?
Elevated
1386795361530 1360692053906 which form of thyroiditis is due to viral infect
ion?
subacute granulomatous thyroiditis
1386795499484 1360692053906 How is TSH levels in graves disease?
low
1386795575506 1360692053906 Rank thyroid adenomas, non-neoplastic diseases,
and carcinomas in order of commonality? non-neoplastic > adenomas > carcin
omas
1386795683045 1360692053906 Amenorrhea can be cause by excessive secretion o
f which hormones?
Prolactin<div>Cortisol</div>
1391184625435 1374768212495 WHICH TYPE OF INFECTIONS ARE HIV PATIENTS ABLE T
O COMBAT THE MOST EFFICIENTLY? BACTERIAL
1391184789036 1374768212495 WHY ARE BACTERIAL INFECTIONS EASIER TO COMBAT IN
AN HIV PATIENT HIV AFFECTS T CELLS AND B CELLS ARE USED TO FIGHT BACTERIAL INFE
CTIONS
1391184833435 1374768212495 WHAT ARE THE 5 MOST STRONGLY ASSOCIATED HIV INFE
CTIONS 1. CANDIDIASIS<div>2. ORAL HAIRY LEUKOPLAKIA</div><div>3. KAPOSI SARCOMA
</div><div>4. NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA</div><div>5. PERIODONTAL DZ (Linear gingival
erythema, NUG, NUP)</div>
1391184908732 1374768212495 WHAT DISEASES HAVE BEEN FOUND TO DECREASE INCIDE
NCE WITH INTRODUCTION OF HAART 1. ORAL HAIRY LEUKOPLAKIA<div>2. KAPOSI SARCOMA<
/div><div>3. NUP</div>
1391185072946 1374768212495 WHAT TWO DISEASES HAVE BEEN FOUND TO INCREASE IN
CIDENCE WITH INTRODUCTION OF HAART
1. SALIVARY GLAND DYSFUNCTION<div>2. ORA
L WARTS (HPV)</div>
1391185128819 1374768212495 WHAT FORM OF CANDIDIASIS IS CONSIDERED "AIDS DEF
INING" CANDIDIASIS IN LUNGS, ESOPHAGEAL...ETC (NOT ORAL)
1391185293815 1374768212495 IMMATURE IMMUNE SYSTEM, RECENT ANTIBIOTIC THERAP
Y, DENTURES, SMOKING, POOR ORAL HYGIENE, SYSTEMIC DZ ARE PREDISPOSING FACTORS FO
R WHAT DZ
ORAL CANDIDIASIS
1391185417054 1374768212495 WHITE CURDS/PLAQUES THAT DON T TYPICALLY WIPE OF
F, DIFFUSE OR PATCHY ERYTHEMA, ANGULAR CHEILITIS ARE CLINICAL FEATURES FOR WHAT
DZ
ORAL CANDIDIASIS
1391185695479 1374768212495 WHAT CANDIDIASIS LOCATION IS HIGHLY SUSPICIOUS F
OR BEING HIV-RELATED
OROPHARYNX
1391185987500 1374768212495 WHY IS BIOPSY NOT RECOMMENDED FOR AN ACTIVE INFE
CTION? INFECTION CAN SPREAD TO DEEPER TISSUE AND BECOME SYSTEMIC
1391186295684 1374768212495 HISTOLOGY SHOWS BUDDING YEASTS AND PSEUDOHYPHAE
INTO SUPERFICIAL EPITHELIUM
CANDIDIASIS
1391186360205 1374768212495 WHAT ARE THE TWO ORAL TOPICAL AGENTS USED TO TRE
AT CANDIDIASIS 1. Mycelex (clotrimazole) troches, 10 mg<div>2. Nystatin rinses<
/div>
1391186694575 1374768212495 WHAT IS THE REGIMEN/ DOSAGE FOR CLOTRIMAZOLE
10 mg. SLOWLY DISSOLVE TROCHE IN MOUTH FIVE TIMES DAILY FOR 2 FULL WEEKS
1391186733402 1374768212495 WHAT ARE THE TWO SYSTEMIC AGENTS USED TO TRAT OR
AL CANDIDIASIS 1. DIFLUCAN (FLUCONAZOLE), 100 mg<div>2. NIZORAL (KETOCONAZ
OLE), 200 mg</div>
1391186781814 1374768212495 WHAT IS THE NEGATIVE SIDE EFFECT OF USING SYSTEM
IC AGENTS USED TO TREAT CANDIDA LIVER DAMAGE
1391186825841 1374768212495 WHAT IS THE REGIMEN/DOSAGE FOR FLUCONAZOLE
100 mg, TWO TABLETS LOADING DOSE, ONE TABLET DAILY THEREAFTER FOR TWO WEEKS
1391186868097 1374768212495 WHAT IS THE REGIMEN/DOSAGE OF KETOCONAZOLE
200 mg. ONE TABLET DAILY FOR TWO WEEKS
1391186895775 1374768212495 AN APPEARANCE OF ORAL HAIRY LEUKOPLAKIA IN AN HI
V PATIENT USING HAART THERAPY INDICATES WHAT
IT INDICATES A FAILURE OF TREATM
ENT PROTOCOL OR DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTANCE
1391187921540 1374768212495 WHAT IS THE ETIOLOGY OF OHL
EBV (ONLY IN IMM
UNOCOMPROMISED HOST)
1391187958829 1374768212495 WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON LOCATION FOR OHL
LATERAL BORDERS OF THE TONGUE
1391187998199 1374768212495 ROUGH, SHAGGY, DENSE, LEUKOPLAKIA, IRREGULAR BOR
DERS WITH VERTICAL EXTENSIONS, CORRUGATED OR CORDUROY-LIKE SURFACE ARE CLINICAL
FEATURES FOR WHAT DZ
OHL
1391188100867 1374768212495 WHAT MAY BE THE FIRST PRESENTING SIGN OF AIDS
KAPOSI SARCOMA
1391188593666 1374768212495 WHAT IS THE VIRAL ETIOLOGY OF KAPOSI SARCOMA
HHV8
1391356772233 1374768212495 WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON ORAL SITE FOR KAPOSI SAR
COMA
PALATE
1391356839410 1374768212495 WELL-CIRCUMSCRIBED, RED/PURPLE/BLUE LESIONS ON T
HE MX GINGIVA AND PALATE ARE CLINICAL FEATURES OF WHAT DISEASE KAPOSI SARCOMA
1391356925387 1374768212495 FLAT LESIONS ARE COMMON AT WHAT STAGE OF KAPOSI
SARCOMA EARLY
1391356962460 1374768212495 ELEVATED LESIONS ARE COMMON AT WHAT STAGE OF KAP
OSI SARCOMA
ADVANCED
1391356986431 1374768212495 WHAT TWO THIGNS SHOULD BE DONE TO A KAPOSI SARCO
MA LESION REGARDLESS OF HISTORY OF HIV/AIDS
1. BIOPSY LESION<div>2. REFER PA
TIENT TO PHYSICIAN</div>
1391357441009 1374768212495 WHAT IS THE MOST RECOMMENDED TREATMENT PLAN FOR
KAPOSI SARCOMA INTRALESIONAL INJECTION OF CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENT
1391357492522 1374768212495 WHEN WOULD SURGICAL EXCISION BE USED TO TREAT A
KAPOSI SARCOMA LESION? ONLY WHEN AETHETICS IS A CONCERN
1391357528544 1374768212495 WHY IS SYSTEMIC/RADIATION CHEMOTHERAPY NOT A REC
OMMENDED FORM OF TREATMENT FOR KAPOSI SARCOMA IT FURTHER SUPPRESSES THE IMMUNE
SYSTEM
1391357576813 1374768212495 INTRAOSSEUS INVOLVEMENT RESEMBLING DIFFUSE PRGRE
SSIVE PERIODONTITIS WITH LOSS OF PERIODONTAL ATTACHMENT AND LOOSENING OF TEETH A
RE SIGNS TOWARD WHAT DIEASE
NON-HODGKINS LYMPHOMA
1391358113508 1374768212495 (T/F) AIDS PATIENTS ARE PREDISPOSED TO LYMPHOMA
T
1391358148163 1374768212495 GINGIVA DEVELOPS BRIGHT RED LINE OUT OF PROPORTI
ON OF PLAQUE LEVELS WITH NO ATTACHMENT LOSS IS CHARACTERISTIC OF WHICH FORM OF H
IV ASSOCIATED PERIO DISEASE
LINEAR GINGIVAL ERYTHEMA
1391363156614 1374768212495 NECROSIS OF INTERDENTAL PAPILLAE WITHOUT LOSS OF
BONE SUPPORT ACCOMPANIED BY PAIN, BLEEDING AND FOUL ODOR ARE CHARACTERISTIC OF
WHICH HIV ASSOCIATED PERIO DISEASE
NECROTIZING ULCERATIVE GINGIVITIS (NUG)
1391363209196 1374768212495 PRONOUNCED ATTACHMENT LOSS, BONE/SOFT TISSUE NEC
ROSIS AND SLOUGHING, DRAMATIC COLOR CHANGES AND SPONTANEOUS BLEEDING ULCERATION
ARE COMMON IN WHAT HIV ASSOCIATED PERIO DISEASE NECROTIZING ULCERATIVE PERIODONT
ITIS (NUP)
1391382327845 1374768212495 WHAT ARE THE THREE FORMS OF ORAL HERPES SEEN IN
PATIENTS WITH HIV
1. HERPES SIMPLEX (I & II)<div>2. HERPES ZOSTER</div
><div>3. CYTOMEGALOVIRUS</div>
1391382540981 1374768212495 HOW DOES HIV AFFECT A LATENT HERPES VIRUS
THEY MAY BE REACTIVATED AND BECOME MORE FREQUENT AND PROLONGED
1391382703640 1374768212495 WHAT STRAINS OF HPV ARE SEEN MORE COMMONLY IN HI
V + PATIENTS
THOSE COMMONLY SEEN IN ANO-GENITAL AREAS (CONDYLOMA ACCUMINATA)
1391382888734 1374768212495 WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON DEEP FUNGAL INFECTION IN
THE HIV+ POPULATION
HISTOPLASMOSIS
1391382929116 1374768212495 HOW DOES APHTHOUS STOMATITIS BEHAVE IN AN HIV-IN
FECTED PATIENT? THEY HAVE MORE FREQUENT AND MORE SEVERE RECURRENCES
1382302308360 1360692053906 What is azotemia?
Elevated BUR and creatin
e
1382303074962 1360692053906 What are clinical indications for nephrotic synd
rome? massive proteinuria<div>hypoalbuminemia</div><div>Generalized edema</div
><div>Hyperlipidemia</div>
1382303283417 1360692053906 what are primary nephrotic syndrome diseases?
Lipoid nephrosis<div>Membranous glomerulonephritis</div><div>Focal segmental glo
merulosclerosis</div><div>Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis</div>
1382303698548 1360692053906 What are clinical signs of nephritic syndrome?
hematuria<div>oliguria, azotemia</div><div>hypertension</div>
1382303902929 1360692053906 What is the prototype of exogenous form of acute
proliferative glomerulonephritis?
post infectious GN
1382303988690 1360692053906 What is prototype of endogenous acute proliferat
ive glomerulonephritis? lupus nephritis
1382304012497 1360692053906 What are clinical signs of rapidly progressive g
lomerulonephritis?
rapid and progressive loss of renal function<div>severe
oliguria</div><div>death from renal failure within weeks to months</div>
1382304073523 1360692053906 What is the most common form of end stage renal
disease?
chronic glomerulonephritis
1382304137037 1360692053906 What is the cause of tubulointerstitial nephriti
s?
infectious agents
1382304232145 1360692053906 For acute pyelonephritis, what is the etiology?
E. Coli (ascending infection)<div>Hematogenous</div>
1382304290985 1360692053906 What is the most common pattern of chronic pyelo

nephritis?
Reflux nephropathy
1382304517104 1360692053906 What mechanism does acute drug-induced interstit
ial nephritis use?
Type I (eosinophils present)
1382304598288 1360692053906 chronic analgesic abuse increases risk for?
transitional cell carcinoma
1382304642148 1360692053906 What is the most common cause of acute renal fai
lure? acute tubular necrosis
1382304665843 1360692053906 what is cause of acute tubular necrosis?
Ischemia
1382304679619 1360692053906 T/F necrotic epithelium can be regenerated.
True
1382304725179 1360692053906 Automsomal dom. polycystic kidney disease is mor
e common in?
adults
1382305185646 1360692053906 autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease is
more common in?
children
1382305211673 1360692053906 What are the most common forms of autosomal rece
ssive polycystic kidney disease?
perinatal and neonatal
1382305414812 1360692053906 what is the major composition of urolithiasis?
calcium oxalate w/wo magnesium ammonium phosphate
1382305487434 1360692053906 what is hydronephrosis? dilation of renal pelvis
and calyces > atropy of parenchyma
1382305589556 1360692053906 What is the most common cause of hydronephrosis?
nodular hyperplasia of the prostate
1382305611808 1360692053906 what represents the majority of malignant tumors
?
renal cell carcinoma
1382305639276 1360692053906 what are morphologic manifestations of renal cel
l carcinoma?
yellow sponges<div>"clear cells"</div>
1382305672317 1360692053906 what are the classical triad for renal cell carc
inoma? painless hematuria<div>dull flank pain</div><div>longstanding fever</div
>
1382305697682 1360692053906 What are morphologic manifestations of Wilms tum
or?
large soft well-circumscribed mass<div>mixed tumor from mesoderm</div>
1382305753896 1360692053906 What is the most common tumor of the urinary col
lecting system? transitional cell carcinoma
1382305777041 1360692053906 What are growth patterns for transitional cell c
arcinoma?
papillary<div>flat</div><div>invasive</div>
1382305820618 1360692053906 What is prognosis for transitional cell carcinom
a?
Bladder (best)<div>Renal pelvis</div><div>Ureter (worst)</div>
1382338257141 1360692053906 what are predisposing factors for acute pyelonep
hritis? urinary tract instrumentation<div>obstruction of urinary outflow</div><d
iv>defective valves</div>
1382338608665 1360692053906 what type of organism is likely causative agent
in reflux nephropathy? e. coli
1382338641054 1360692053906 what is common cause of chronic obstructive pyel
onephritis?
stone in ureter<div>benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)</div>
1382339294033 1360692053906 what are APCs? aspirin, phenacetin, codeine
1382421433402 1360692053906 which diseases manifest with fibrinous pericardi
tis?
transmural MI<div>Uremia</div>
1382421459821 1360692053906 what is the most common clinical features of wil
ms tumor?
abdominal mass
1382473016439 1360692053906 what are clinical changes associated with uremia
?
azotemia<div>fluid volume regulation</div><div>met acidosis</div><div>hy
perkalemia, hypocalcemia</div><div>renin, erythropoietin imbalance > inflamma
tion, anemia, vit. D deficiency</div><div>Fibrinous pericarditis </div>
1382486569196 1360692053906 what are oliguria, polyuria, and anuria. when do
they occur?
partial obstruction<div>bilateral partial obstruction</div><div>
total obstruction</div>
1386180758772 1360692053906 What are characteristic of achondroplasia?
autosomal dominant<div>short long bones (endochondral) but normal intramembranou
s bones (skull, hands, jaw, feet, spine)</div>

1386180820078 1360692053906 how is pituitary dwarfism differnt from achondro
plasia? dwarfism is proportional
1386180855376 1360692053906 what is the abnormality in osteogenesis imperfec
ta?
type I collagen synthesis abnormality
1386180909456 1360692053906 what are clinical signs of osteogenesis imperfec
ta?
blue sclerae<div>dentiogenesis imperfecta</div>
1386180937972 1360692053906 What is characteristic of bones in osteoporosis?
reduced trabeculae size but remainder are properly mineralized
1386181094991 1360692053906 What are common sites for osteoporosis? vertebra
l bodies<div>radius</div><div>femoral neck</div>
1386181115458 1360692053906 how do you treat osteoporosis? calcium suppleme
ntation<div>estrogen replacement therapy, bisphosphonates</div>
1386181162726 1360692053906 what are characteristic of mineralization in ric
kets and osteomalacia? normal amount but lack of mineralization
1386181255239 1360692053906 What is major cause of rickets and osteomalacia?
lack of vitamin D > reduced calcium absorption
1386181293708 1360692053906 how is rickets and osteomalacia different from o
steoporosis?
normal mass but lack of mineralization<div>reduction in mass but
normal mineralization</div>
1386181504921 1360692053906 what are morphologic characteristics of rickets?
frontal bossing<div>rachitic rosary</div><div>pigeon breast</div><div>lumbar lor
dosis</div><div>bowing of legs</div>
1386181613090 1360692053906 in which disease, rickets or osteomalacia, is bo
ne deformity a consequence?
rickets (due to osteoid overgrowth)
1386181962024 1360692053906 what is the mechanism for primary osteitis fibro
sa cystica?
increased PTH production
1386182057009 1360692053906 what are characteristic mass that forms in ostei
tis fibrosa cystica called?
brown tumors of hyperparathyroidism
1386182605112 1360692053906 what is the most common organism to cause pyogen
ic osteomyelitis?
staph aureus
1386182814724 1360692053906 in neonates, what org. cause pyogenic osteo?
haemophilus influenza, group B strep
1386182835353 1360692053906 which species is most often implicated for causi
ng pyogenic osteomyelitis in patients with sickle cell disease? salmonella
1386182865138 1360692053906 what is island of dead bone surrounded by bacter
ia and pus in pyogenic osteomyelitis called?
sequestrum
1386182936847 1360692053906 What is tuburculosis of bone in the spine called
?
Pott disease
1386182959488 1360692053906 what are viruses implicated in paget disease of
bone? measles, respiratory syncytial virus
1386183066922 1360692053906 what are clincial/radiographical signs of osteit
is deformans? bone deformity<div>thickening of skull bones</div><div>cotton wo
ol</div><div>both osteoblast and clast activity</div><div>elevated serum alkalin
e phosphatase </div>
1386183146399 1360692053906 what is pathognomonic for paget disease of the b
one?
elevated serum alkakine phosphatase
1386183173623 1360692053906 how do you distinguish fibrous dysplasia from pa
get disease histologically?
no osteoblast or clast on surface of trabeculae
in fibrous dysplasia
1386183238778 1360692053906 What is pattern of fibrous dysplasia that occurs
mostly in females?
Polostoic disease with endocrinopathy
1386183283778 1360692053906 which pattern of fibrous dysplasia has the most
skeletal involvement? polyostotic disease with endocrinopahty
1386183317558 1360692053906 what is polyostotic disease with endocrinopathy
due to precocious sexual development called?
McCune-Albright syndrome
1386660559730 1360692053906 what are features of osteomalacia?
no bone
deformity<div>weakened bones prone to pathologic fracture</div>
1386661066530 1360692053906 which bone dieases feature ground glass appearan
ce?
osteitis fibrosa cystica<div>fibrous dysplasia</div>
1386796327128 1360692053906 what are possible mechanisms for rickets and ost
eomalacia?
lack of vitamin D<div>target organ resistance</div><div>depletio
n of phosphate</div>
1386796478313 1360692053906 is pathologic fracture common in rickets?
no
1386796502088 1360692053906 in osteomalacia, why is there no bone deformity?
no osteoid overgrowth
1386796527457 1360692053906 what are other names for osteitis fibrosa cystic
a?
hyperparathyroidism of bone, hyperparathyroid skeletal disease, Von Reck
linghausen disease of bone
1386796689498 1360692053906 what are lesions in secondary osteitis fibrosa c
ystica called? brown tumors of hyperparathyroidism
1386796717214 1360692053906 which bone diseases result in increased bone mas
s?
Paget disease of bone
1386796985955 1360692053906 which type of fibrous dysplasia can result in pa
thologic fractures?
polyostoic form
1386797161734 1360692053906 how does polyostoic form of fibrous dysplasia ma
nifest radiographically? multilocular lucency
1386797255587 1360692053906 what is the most common malignant bone tumor?
metastatic<div>#1 prostate</div><div>#2 breast</div><div>#3 lung </div><div
>#4 renal cell</div><div>#5 colon </div><div>#6 thyroid</div>
1386797377584 1360692053906 which benign primary neoplasms of the bone occur
in intramembranous areas?
Chondroma
1386797758530 1360692053906 which benign bone neoplasm occurs in endochondra
l bones?
osteoid osteoma
1386797811847 1360692053906 in which benign primary neoplasms does the prima
ry bone tumor not make bone/cartilage? Giant cell tumor
1386798180156 1360692053906 which malignant primary neoplasms is not bone fo
rming? Ewing sarcoma<div>Maligant giant cell tumor</div>
1380478361739 1360692053906 What is definition of systemic hypertension?
greater or equal to 140/90
1382209057868 1360692053906 what are clinical indications of nephrotic sydro
me?
Mssive proteinuria<div>hypoalbuminemia</div><div>generalized edema</div>
1382209186889 1360692053906 what are primary nephrotic sydromes?
Lipoid n
ephrosis<div>membranous glomerulonephritis</div><div>focal segmental glomerulosc
lerosis</div><div>membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis</div>
1382209294405 1360692053906 what are clinical indications for nephritic synd
rome? hematuria<div>oliguria, azotemia</div><div>hypertension</div>
1382210408816 1360692053906 what is prototype of exogenous form of acute pro
liferative glomerulonephritis? postinfectious GN
1382210450116 1360692053906 what is prototype of endogenous form of acute pr
oliferative glomerulonephritis? lupus nephritis
1382210487139 1360692053906 what are clinical indications of rapidly progres
sive glomerulonephritis?
rapid and progressive loss of renal function<div
>severe oliguria</div><div>death from renal failure within weeks to months</div>
1382210534112 1360692053906 What is the most common form of end stage renal
disease?
chronic glomerulonephritis
1382210664566 1360692053906 which is more common, acute pyelonephritis or ch
ronic? acute
1382210803142 1360692053906 what is the most common infecting organism for a
cute pyelonephritis ascending infection?
E. coli
1382210857915 1360692053906 what does flank pain indicate? kidney infection
1382210986576 1360692053906 what is the most common pattern of chronic pyelo
nephritis?
reflux nephropathy
1382211173303 1360692053906 which is reversible, acute drug induced intersti
tial nephritis or analgesic nephropathy?
ADIIN
1382211334224 1360692053906 Chronic analgesic abuse increases risk of?
transitional cell carcinoma
1382211405553 1360692053906 what is the most common cause of acute renal fai
lure? acute tubular necrosis
1382211438427 1360692053906 what is most common cause of acute tubular necro

sis?
ischemia
1382211466155 1360692053906 can necrotic epithelium be regenerated? yes
1382211525312 1360692053906 what are most serious complications of autosomal
dominant polycystic kidney disease?
HTN, UTI
1382212099473 1360692053906 what are the most common types of autosomal rece
ssive polycystic kidney disease?
perinatal and neonatal types
1382212125634 1360692053906 what are clinical onsets for automsomal dom vs.
recessive polycystic kidney disease?
1) not at birth, usually in the 30s<div>
2) perinatal and neonatal; death from renal failure in infancy </div>
1382212404876 1360692053906 in which type of autosomal polycystic kidney dis
ease develop liver cirrhosis? recessive
1382212573228 1360692053906 what is the major composition in urolithiasis?
calcium oxalate w/wo magnesium ammonium phosphate
1382212646530 1360692053906 what is the most common cause of hydronephrosis?
nodular hyperplasia of the prostate
1382212733118 1360692053906 what is hydronephrosis? dilation of renal pelvis
and calyces with atrophy of parenchyma caused by obstruction of outflow of urin
e
1382212777825 1360692053906 what is the most common malignant renal tumor?
renal cell carcinoma
1382212823504 1360692053906 describe morph of renal cell carcinoma? yellow s
ponge<div>large "clear cells"</div>
1382212857558 1360692053906 what are classic symptoms of renal cell carcinom
a?
painless hematuria<div>dull flank pain</div><div>longstanding fever</div
>
1382212895454 1360692053906 what is morph of Wilms tumor? large soft wellcircumscribed mass<div>mixed tumor of mesoderm</div>
1382212979933 1360692053906 what is the most common tumor of the urinary col
lecting system? transitional cell carcinoma
1382213008893 1360692053906 which sites for transitional cell carcinoma are
more deadly?
ureter>renal pelvis>bladder
1382394717927 1360692053906 which asthma more severe, intrinsic, extrinsic?
intrinsic
1382394910260 1360692053906 which, extrinsic or intrinsic asthma, has early
onset? adult onset?
extrinsic (first 2 yrs)<div>intrinsic</div>
1382395039675 1360692053906 what are clinical signs of asthma?
episodic
acute attacks<div>severe dyspnea with wheezing</div><div>status asthmaticus (pe
rsistent attack)</div>
1382395203627 1360692053906 which form of emphysema is the most severe?
centriacinar emphysema
1382395426747 1360692053906 which emphysema has the strongest association wi
th smoking?
centriacinar
1382395450823 1360692053906 which type of emphysema occurs in @-1 antitrypsi
n deficiency? Panacinar emphysema
1382395484607 1360692053906 what is the pathogenesis for emphysema? elastase
-antielastase imbalance
1382395571135 1360692053906 How do people inherit @-1 antitrypsin deficiency
?
Mendelian codominant
1382395712973 1360692053906 What is the first symptom for emphysema?
dyspnea
1382395812612 1360692053906 what are classical presentation of emphysema w/o
bronchitis?
pink puffers<div>- barrel chest, dyspnea, hyperventilation, prol
onged expiration</div>
1382395946660 1360692053906 What are classic presentation of emphysema with
bronchitis?
blue bloaters<div>- productive cough, wheezing, hypoxia, cyanosi
s</div>
1382396291698 1360692053906 what is the single most important causative fact
or for chronic bronchitis?
smoking
1382396312479 1360692053906 what is bronchiectasis? perm. dilation of bronch
i and bronchioles resulting from chronic necrotizing infections

1382396469965 1360692053906 what are the organisms that can cause bronchiect
asis in children?
haemophilus influenzae and pseudomonas aeruginosa
1382396514645 1360692053906 what is characteristic in sarcoidosis? non-case
ating granulomas
1382396656362 1360692053906 which disease exhibits "potato nodes"? sarcoido
sis
1382396742501 1360692053906 what is atypical pneumonias that involve interst
itium? Pneumonitis
1382396914695 1360692053906 which pneumonia is characterized by patch consol
idations?
Bronchopneumonia
1382396984852 1360692053906 Lobar pneumonia s stages of progression are?
Congestion<div>Red hepatization</div><div>Grey hepatization</div><div>Resolution
</div>
1382397132656 1360692053906 which organism is the greatest cause of lobar pn
eumonia?
streptococcus pneumoniae
1382397204412 1360692053906 which organisms cause lobar pneumonia? s. pneum
oniae<div>klebsiella pneumoniae</div>
1382397242516 1360692053906 which organisms cause bronchopneumonia? haemophi
lus influenza<div>staph aureus</div><div>legionella pneumophilia</div><div>pseud
omonas aeruginosa</div>
1382397302760 1360692053906 which organisms are nosocomial? pseudomonas aeru
ginosa<div>staph. aureus</div>
1382397330012 1360692053906 what are causative agents for primary atypical p
neumonia?
mycoplasma pneumoniae<div>influenza A and B</div><div>respirator
y syncytial virus (infants)</div>
1382397540177 1360692053906 what is the most common cause of primary atypica
l pneumonia?
mycoplasma pneumoniae
1382397556925 1360692053906 what causes tuberculosis?
mycobacterium tu
berculosis
1382397591825 1360692053906 what is the major target for primary TB?
lung (distal alveoli)
1382397686503 1360692053906 what is 1-1.5cn area of grey-white inflammatory
consolidation in TB?
Ghon focus
1382397718849 1360692053906 What is the combination of parenchymal and nodal
involvement in TB called?
Ghon complex
1382397759860 1360692053906 T/F Both caseating and non-caseating granulomas
are present in primaryTB?
True
1382397794837 1360692053906 What are pathways of progression for secondary t
uberculosis?
Progressive pulmonary TB<div>Miliary pulmonary TB</div><div>Endo
bronchial, endotracheal and laryngeal TB</div><div>Systemic miliary TB</div><div
>Isolated organ TB</div><div>Intestinal TB</div>
1382397915577 1360692053906 What is the leading cause of death from malignan
cy in industrialized countries? bronchogenic carcinoma
1382398031742 1360692053906 if non-smoker or woman gets, it what kind of lun
g cancer is it? adenocarcinoma
1382398134193 1360692053906 What is the prognosis for bronchogenic carinoma
from most lethal?
Small cell<div>Large cell</div><div>Squamous cell</div><
div>Adenocarcinoma</div>
1382398201736 1360692053906 What is pathogenesis for small cell carcinoma?
ectopic hormone production
1382398256463 1360692053906 which bronchogenic cancer is the most sensitive
to chemotherapy?
small cell carcinoma
1382398274054 1360692053906 what is malignant mesothelioma? tumor of pleural
surface of lung and lining of chest cavity
1382398301299 1360692053906 Which malignancy has association with asbestos e
xposure?
malignant mesothelioma
ng" /> Cleft lip
ng" /> Cleft palate

ng" /> Bifid Uvula
ng" /> Commissural lip pits
ng" /> Paramedian lip pits
ng" /> Double lip
ng" /> Ascher syndrome
ng" /> Fordyce Granules
ng" /> Fibromatosis gingivae
ng" /> Hemihyperplasia
ng" /> Progressive hemifacial atrophy
ng" /> Segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia
ng" /> Microglossia
ng" /> Macroglossia
ng" /> Ankyloglossia
ng" /> Fissured tongue
1389050142156 1360692053906 <br /><div><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-06 at 3
.17.43 PM.png" /></div><div><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-06 at 3.17.48 PM.png"
/><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-06 at 3.17.53 PM.png" /></div> Benign migratory
glossitis
hairy tongue
ng" /> lingual varices
ng" /> lingual thyroid nodule
ng" /> Retrocuspid papilla
ng" /> Frenal Tag
ng" /> oral tonsil
ng" /> foliate papillae
ng" /> Circumvallate papillae
ng" /> fungiform papillae
ng" /> Filiform papillae
1389052073224 1360692053906 What is cleft lip?
defective fusion of <b>m
edial nasal process</b> with <b>maxillary process</b>
1389052231620 1360692053906 When does the upper lip form? between 6th and
7th weeks
1389052254063 1360692053906 in cleft palate, what forms the primary palate?
medial nasal process
1389052301844 1360692053906 in cleft palate, what forms the secondary palate
?
maxillary process
1389052318348 1360692053906 when does the palate form?
between 8th and
12th weeks
1389052332732 1360692053906 CL + CP is more common in males or females?
Males
1389052439273 1360692053906 Isolated CP is more common in males or females?
Females
1389052453946 1360692053906 T/F CL occurs mostly unilaterally on the right s
ide.
Left side
1389052481550 1360692053906 What are characteristic features of Pierre-Robin
syndrome?
Cleft palate<div>Mandibular micrognathia</div><div>Glossoptosis<
/div>
1389052665642 1360692053906 what is the etiology of commisural lip pits?
failure of normal fusion of embryonal maxillary and mandibular process
1389052720431 1360692053906 In which syndrome can double lip occur? Ascher s
yndrome
1389053541804 1360692053906 what are characteristics of Ascher syndrome?
double lip<div>blepharochalasis </div><div>non-toxic thyroid enlargement</d
iv>
1389053625304 1360692053906 what is lacking in benign migratory glossitis?
filiform papillae
1389054325000 1360692053906 what is often described as "meaty mass" lingual
thyroid nodule
1389054446356 1360692053906 Oral tonsils are referred as? Waldeyer s ring
1389054522249 1360692053906 circumvallate papillae contains what kind of gla
nd?
Von Ebner--serous
1389149240853 1360692053906 what is the etiology for paramedian lip pits?
persistence of lateral sulci on embryonic mandibular arch
1389149409089 1360692053906 what is the major etiology for fibromatosis ging
ivae? hereditary: autosomal dominant
1389149654417 1360692053906 what are conditions associated with fibromatosis
gingivae?
hypertrichosis, craniofacial deformities, epilepsy, mental retar
dation
1389149734775 1360692053906 How does one acquire micrognathia?
TMJ dist
urbances
1389149837629 1360692053906 macrognathia occurs often in? paget disease, a
cromegaly, fibrous dysplasia
1389149868248 1360692053906 what is happening in segmental odontomaxillary d
ysplasia?
unilateral enlargement of maxillary bone
1389150832281 1360692053906 what are examples of congenital etiology of macr
oglossia?
hemangioma, lymphangioma, hemihypertrophy, down syndrome, neurof
ibromatosis
1389150884637 1360692053906 what are examples of acquired etiology for macro
glossia?
edentulous patients<div>myxedema</div><div>acromegaly</div><div>
angioedema</div>
1389150910857 1360692053906 what often develops simultaneously with geograph
ical tongue?
fissured tongue
1389150963281 1360692053906 what is benign migratory glossitis?
multiple
irregular areas devoid of filiform papillae
1389151009572 1360692053906 erythema migrans is more common in males or fema
les?
females
1389151032738 1360692053906 how is hairy tongue formed?
accumulation of
keratin on filiform papillae
1389152103886 1360692053906 what lymphoid tissues make up oral tonsil?
palatine tonsils<div>pharyngeal tonsils</div><div>lingual tonsils</div><div>(fol
iate papillae)</div>
1389194966712 1360692053906 compare/contrast fibromatosis gingivae (1), hemi
hyperplasia (2), segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia (3)
<u>
1 </u> &nbs
p;
<br /><div><b>fibrous</b>

gingival overgrowth </div><div>hereditary</div><div>frequently maxilla</d
iv><div>gingivectomy</div><div><br /></div><div><u> 2</u></di
v><div>unilateral enlargement of whole or one portion of body</div><div>teeth ma
y be enlarged</div><div><b>macroglossia</b> common</div><div><br /></div><div><u
> 3</u></div><div>Unilateral enlargment of maxillary bone with <b>f
ibrous</b> gingival hyperplasia</div><div>bicuspids often missing</div><div>thic
kened bone trabeculae</div><div>  </div>
1390244104460 1360692053906 T/F Cleft lip and palate combined account for mo
re cases than isolated cases? T
1390439321209 1360692053906 what are ectopic sebaceous glands on buccal muco
sa and upper lip?
Fordyce granules
1390439778958 1360692053906 What are clinical features of progressive hemifa
cial atrophy? unilateral progressive atrophy of face<div>pigmentation of skin<
/div><div>teeth on one side smaller</div><div>facial paresthesia, contralateral
epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgia</div>
1390440254657 1360692053906 which teeth are typically missing in segmental o
dontomaxillary dysplasia?
one or two bicuspids
1390440619064 1360692053906 in geographic tongue or hairy tongue does emotio
nal stress factor as a cause? geographic tongue
1384135407204 1360692053906 what is the systemic retention of bile called?
cholestasis
1384135468125 1360692053906 what is abnormal serum bilirubin level, resultin
g in jaundice? 2.0mg/dl<div>1.3mg/dl: normal</div>
1384135504777 1360692053906 what is cns injury in newborns due to bilirubin
accumulation? Kernicterus
1384135595820 1360692053906 what does direct bilirubin measure?
conjugat
ed bilirubin
1384135712486 1360692053906 what does total bilirubin measure?
both con
jugated and unconjugated bilirubin
1384135727692 1360692053906 What are signs and symptoms of cholestasis?
jaundice<div>pruritis</div><div>focal collection of cholesterol</div><div>elevea
ted alkaline phosphatase</div><div>intestinal malabsorption</div><div><br /></di
v>
1384135805511 1360692053906 what are the most common causes of jaundice over
all?
hemolytic anemias<div>hepatitis</div><div>obstruction of bile outflow</d
iv>
1384135844898 1360692053906 What mechanisms for jaundice are unconjugated?
excessive production of bilirubin<div>reduced hepatic uptake of bilirubin</div><
div>impaired conjugation of bilirubin</div>
1384135892444 1360692053906 what is the most common cause of excessive produ
ction of bilirubin?
hemolytic anemias
1384135917410 1360692053906 reduced hepatic uptake of bilirubin occurs in?
Gilbert syndrome
1384135954811 1360692053906 Imparied conjugation of bilirubin occurs due to
lack of?
glucuronyl transferase
1384135985618 1360692053906 Physiologic jaundice of the newborn uses which m
echanism?
impaired conjugation of bilirubin
1384136035496 1360692053906 In Gilbert syndrome, what two mechanisms cause j
aundice?
impaired conjugation of bilirubin<div>reduced hepatic uptake of
bilirubin</div>
1384143014085 1360692053906 what are mechanisms of conjugated hyperbilirubin
emia? decreased hepatic excretion of bilirubin<div>decreased intrahepatic bile
flow</div><div>extrahepatic biliary obstruction</div>
1384143161490 1360692053906 What are morphologic alterations that cause live
r failure?
chronic liver disease<div>massive liver necrosis</div><div>hepat
ic dysfunction without overt necrosis</div>
1384144050569 1360692053906 what is the most common route of liver failure?
chronic liver disease
1384144065405 1360692053906 what are clinical features of hepatic failure?
jaundice<div>fetor hepaticus</div><div>hypogonadism and gynecomastia</div><div>p

almar erythema, spider angiomas</div><div>coagulophaty</div><div>weight loss and
muscle wasting</div><div>peripheral edema (ascites)</div><div>increased risk of
multiorgan failure</div>
1384144292993 1360692053906 what are laboratory features of hepatic failure?
elevated bilirubin levels<div>hyperestrogenemia</div><div>decreased II, VII, X</
div><div>Hypoglycemia</div><div>Hypoalbuminemia</div><div>Hyperammonemia</div>
1384144345572 1360692053906 What are late complications of hepatic failure?
hepatic encephalopahty<div>hepatorenal syndrome</div>
1384144393055 1360692053906 What is the most common pathway to liver failure
?
cirrhosis
1384144408623 1360692053906 what are defining characteristics of cirrhosis?
fibrous septae<div>nodules of regenerated parenchyma</div><div>disruption of art
itecture of <b>entire liver</b></div>
1384144527077 1360692053906 What are causes of cirrhosis? alcoholic liver
disease<div>Viral hepatitis<br /><div>biliary disease</div><div>genetic hemochro
matosis</div><div>wilson disease</div><div>@1-antitrypsin deficiency</div></div>
1384144581005 1360692053906 what causes portal hypertension?
cirrhosi
s
1384144656687 1360692053906 what are consequences and clinical manifestation
s of portal hypertension?
ascites<div>portosystemic venous shunts: hemorrh
oids, esophageal varies, caput medusae</div><div>congestive splenomegaly</div><d
iv>hepatic encephalopathy</div>
1384144927851 1360692053906 when was the earliest serologic test given for H
BV?
1965
1384145071943 1360692053906 What are stages of infection for acute viral hep
atitis? incubations period<div>symptomatic pre-icteric stage</div><div>symptomat
ic icteric stage</div><div>convalescence</div>
1384145258633 1360692053906 what are HAV characteristics? icosahedral ssRN
A Picornavirus
1384146786292 1360692053906 how is HAV transmitted? fecal-oral route
1384146808970 1360692053906 what is incubation period for HAV?
15-45 da
ys
1384146820795 1360692053906 does HAV have a carrier state? no
1384146857723 1360692053906 what is called infectious hepatitis or short inc
ubation hepatitis?
HAV
1384146885735 1360692053906 which marker for HAV is useful to diagnose past
exposure or infection? Serum IgG anti HAV
1384284940925 1360692053906 what are characteristics of unconjugated bilirub
in?
lipid soluble, toxic, tightly complexed to albumin, not excreted in urin
e
1384285024159 1360692053906 what are primary bile acids?
cholic acid<div>
chenodeoxycholic acid</div>
1384285068936 1360692053906 what are types of biliary disease for adults and
children that cause cirrhosis? adults: scloersing cholangitis<div>child: biliar
y atresia</div>
1384654435055 1360692053906 What are characteristics of Hep A?
Icosahed
ral capsid, ssRNA Picornavirus<div>Fecal-oral </div><div>15-45 incubation</
div><div>self-limited</div><div>infectious hep, short incubation hep</div>
1384654520868 1360692053906 What do serum IgM-anti HAV indicate?
diagnosi
s of acute hep A
1384654569659 1360692053906 What do serum IgG-anti HAV diagnose?
diagnosi
ng past exposures or infection
1384654605905 1360692053906 What are characteristics of Hep B virus?
dsDNA Hepadnavirus <div>"Dane particle"</div><div>incubation 45-160 days</d
iv><div>"Serum hep" "long-incubation hep"</div>
1384654703773 1360692053906 What does HBsAg indicate?
chroncity
1384654766406 1360692053906 What does HBeAb indicate?
infectivity
1384654784387 1360692053906 What does IgG-anti HBs indicate?
current
or past infection
1384654812754 1360692053906 What does Anti-HBc indicate?

IgM form is the
first to respond
1384654855230 1360692053906 What does Anti-HBe indicate?
onset of recover
y
1384654871743 1360692053906 What are the characteristics of Hep C virus?
enveloped sRNA Flavivirus<div>incubation: 14-180 days</div>
1384654936206 1360692053906 What is the leading indication for adult liver t
ransplantation in US? Hep C
1384654961601 1360692053906 What serologic test shows past infection of Hep
C?
anti-HCV antibodies
1384654995889 1360692053906 What are characteristics of Hep D virus?
ssRNA <div>replication defective</div>
1384655039123 1360692053906 What are characteristics of Hep E?
unenvelo
ped ssRNA, Caliciviridae<div>water-borne</div><div>short incubation: 2 to 8 week
s</div>
1384655106085 1360692053906 Alcoholic hepatitis has intracellular accumulati
on of keratin intermediate filaments and proteins called?
Mallory bodies
1384655234351 1360692053906 What is the most common, innocuous inborn errors
of Bilirubin metabolism?
Gilbert syndrome
1384655300339 1360692053906 Of the inborn erros of bilirubin metabolism, whi
ch one is more severe? Crigler-Najjar syndrome Type I
1384655357632 1360692053906 How are Gilbert syndrome and Crigler-Najjar synd
romes inherited?
Autosomal dominant<div>Type I: Autosomal recessive</div>
<div>Type II: Autosomal dominant</div>
1384655404044 1360692053906 How is @-1 antitrypsin deficiency inherited?
Mendelian autosomal recessive
1384655425725 1360692053906 How is Reye syndrome contracted?
Influenz
a A, B, Varicella<div>Aspirin during illness</div>
1384655454679 1360692053906 Does Reye syndrome exhibit jaundice?
No
1384655478102 1360692053906 What are characterizations of Reye syndrome?
Fatty change in liver<div>Encephalopahty</div>
1384655504287 1360692053906 What is the most common tumor of the liver?
Cavernous hemangioma
1384655527043 1360692053906 Which tumor is linked to long-term oral contrace
ptive use?
Hepatocellular adenoma
1384655546885 1360692053906 Of primary carcinoma of the liver, which is more
common?
Hepatocellular carcinoma
1384655590756 1360692053906 What are three major contributors to incidence o
f tumor in hepatocelluar carcinoma?
Cirrhosis of liver<div>Chronic hepatitis
</div><div>Carcinogens in food: aflatoxin B from Aspergillus flavus</div>
1384655643600 1360692053906 What are lab findings for hepatocellular carcino
ma?
@-fetoprotein
1384655667461 1360692053906 What are gallstones mostly made of?
Choleste
rol
1384655835356 1360692053906 What are risk factors for cholelithiasis?
Fat, female, fertile, forty
1384655866760 1360692053906 what is the major mechanism for chronic cholecys
titis? chemical injury by supersaturated bile
1384656021592 1360692053906 How are gallstones involved in acute and chronic
cholecystitis? Acute: irritation plays direct role<div>Chronic: present but not
directly mediate disease</div>
1384751317010 1360692053906 Which disease show mallory bodies--intracellular
accumulation of keratin intermediate filaments and proteins? Alcoholic hepati
tis
1384751363391 1360692053906 What are the morphological characteristics of al
coholic hepatitis?
hepatocyte swelling and necrosis<div>Mallory bodies</div
><div>Inflammation</div>
1384751416382 1360692053906 What is the most common, innocuous inborn errors
of bilirubin metabolism?
Gilbert syndrome
1384751458378 1360692053906 What are pathogenesis of Gilbert syndrome?
Mild deficiency of glucuronyl transferase<div>reduced hapatic bilirubin uptake</

div>
1384751497401 1360692053906 Which disease manifests as total lack of glucuro
ny transferase? Crigler-Najjar syndrome type I
1384751556466 1360692053906 How does @-1 antitrypsin deficiency manifest?
Pulmonary emphysema, liver disease
1384751623250 1360692053906 What is etiology for Reye syndrome?
Infectio
n: Influenza A, B, Varicella<div>Aspirin</div>
1384751673344 1360692053906 What are contributing factors for hepatocellular
carcinoma?
Cirrhosis of liver<div>Chronic hepatitis</div><div>Hepatocarcino
gens: aflatoxin B from Aspergillus flavus</div>
1384751793854 1360692053906 What are lab findings for hepatocelluar carcinom
a?
@ fetoprotein
1384751810159 1360692053906 What is inflammation of bile ducts?
Cholangi
tis
1384751826452 1360692053906 What is inflammation of smaller bile ductules?
Cholangiolitis
1384751844680 1360692053906 What is causative agent for cholangitis?
Bacteria: E. Coli
1384751870333 1360692053906 What is complication of acute ascending cholangi
tis?
Liver abscess
1384751890702 1360692053906 What is difference between acute and chronic cho
lecystitis?
Mechanism<div>1) Acute: Infection, gallstones, chemical inj
ury</div><div>2) Chronic: Chemical injury by supersaturated bile, infection&nbsp
;</div><div>*gallstones present but do not mediate</div><div><br /></div>
1384752126860 1360692053906 What substance is key in activating autodigestio
n of pancreas? trypsinogen
1384752222519 1360692053906 What is morphologic distinction of chronic pancr
eatitis?
fibrosis
1384752256587 1360692053906 What kind of cancer is carcinoma of pancreas?
adenocarcinoma
1384752329828 1360692053906 Which tumors have symptoms of mass effects?
islet cell tumors
1384752376161 1360692053906 what are benign beta cell tumors called?
insulinoma
1384752394967 1360692053906 Which syndrome ensues from functional islet cell
tumors (gastrinoma)? Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
1384752445812 1360692053906 What is normal fasting blood glucose level?
62-110 mg/dl
1384752490244 1360692053906 What fasting blood glucose level is indicative o
f DM? Over 126
1384752507657 1360692053906 What would be diagnostic of DM for glucose toler
ance test?
glucose over 200 mg/dl 2 hours after
1384752549049 1360692053906 Which glucose test is useful for monitoring dise
ase control?
Hemoglobin A1c test
1384752569630 1360692053906 Which type of DM is more common?
Type II
1384752590314 1360692053906 Which DM progresses more rapidly?
Type I
1384752618970 1360692053906 What are manifestations of DM I/II?
Common:
polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss/weakness<div>I: Ketoacidosis</div>
<div>II: Obesity</div>
1384752659395 1360692053906 Which DM is linked to HLA antigens?
Type I
1384752698388 1360692053906 Which DM uses autoimmune and viral mechanisms fo
r disease?
Type I
1384752740943 1360692053906 What is etiology of type II DM? relative deficie
ncy of insulin + end-organ resistance to insulin
1384752782659 1360692053906 In which DM is genetic influence more important?
Type II
1384752805991 1360692053906 What is incubation for hep a? 15-50 days
1384754631663 1360692053906 what is incubation for hep b? 45-160 days
1384754649762 1360692053906 what is incubation for hep c? 14-180 days
1384754669169 1360692053906 which HBV antigen hints at chronicity? HBsAg

1384754796681 1360692053906 which HBV antigen indicates infectivity?
HBeAg
1384754822382 1360692053906 Which HBV antigody indicates current or past inf
ection and confers immunity to HBV?
IgG-anti HBs
1384754862502 1360692053906 Which antibody makes first response to HBV?
Anti-HBc
1384754888394 1360692053906 Which antibody herads onset of recovery from HBV
?
Anti-HBe
1384754912163 1360692053906 What is the #1 way of transmission for HCV?
IV drug use
1384755030953 1360692053906 which hep has highest rate of asymptomatic new i
nfections?
HCV
1384755047690 1360692053906 what must hep D surround itself with to replicat
e?
HBsAg
1384814198096 1360692053906 what is cholestasis?
retention of bile > r
etention of bilirubin, cholesterol, bile salts
1384814286646 1360692053906 how much bilirubin causes kernicterus in newborn
s?
15 mg/dl
1384814391982 1360692053906 how is bilirubin excreted?
feces<div>in exc
ess, some in urine</div>
1384814448964 1360692053906 what is normal value of direct bilirubin?
0.3 mg/dL
1384814559565 1360692053906 What is normal value of total bilirubin?
1.3mg/dL
1384814574224 1360692053906 what are ineffective erythropoiesis syndromes th
at can cause excessive production of bilirubin? pernicious anemia<div>thalassemi
a</div>
1384815051045 1360692053906 What does phototherapy do to unconjugated biliru
bin?
converts to excretable form
1384815408511 1360692053906 Viral infections cause jaundice via which mechan
isms? impaired conjugation of bilirubin/unconjugated<div>decreased hepatic exc
retion of bilirubin glucuronides/unconjugated</div>
1384815517520 1360692053906 why does unconjugated bilirubin cause kernicteru
s in infants? no blood brain barrier
1384815597323 1360692053906 how do you treat jaundice due to impaired conjug
ation of bilirubin?
light therapy
1384815630995 1360692053906 Which diseases show deficiency in canalicular me
mbrane transporters leading to decreased hepatic excretion of bilirubin?
dubin-johnson syndrome, rotor syndrome
1384815681552 1360692053906 What kind of drugs can cause decreased hepatic e
xcretion of bilirubin? oral contraceptives<div>cyclosporine</div>
1384815722879 1360692053906 intrahepatic bile flow could be decreased by?
drug induced microfilament dysfunction<div>inflmmatory destruction of intrhepati
c bile ducts: primary biliary cirrhosis, sclerosing cholangitis, graft-versus ho
st, liver transplatation</div>
1384815854249 1360692053906 What are examples of hepatic dysfunction without
overt necrosis?
reye syndrome <div>tetracylcline toxicity</div><div
>acute fatty liver of pregnancy</div>
1384816025025 1360692053906 why does fetor hepaticus occur? inability to pro
cess sulfur containing elements
1384816296118 1360692053906 how does biliary disease manifest in adults?
sclerosing choangitis
1384816655089 1360692053906 how does biliary disease manifest in children?
biliary atresia
1384816668158 1360692053906 what are complications of hepatic failure?
hepatic encephalopahty<div>hepatorenal syndrome</div>
1384817224768 1360692053906 Hepatic encephalopathy is complication of which
liver diseases? hepatic failure<div>portal hypertension > Cirrhosis</div><div
>alcoholic hepatitis</div><div>Reye syndrome</div>
1384817288296 1360692053906 what are histologic characteristics of alcoholic

hepatitis?
hepatocyte swelling and necrosis<div>mallory bodies</div><div>in
flammation</div>
1384817686588 1360692053906 fulminant hepatic necrosis is possible in?
alcoholic hepatitis
1384817739243 1360692053906 Gilbert syndrome is inherited by?
autosoma
l dominant with incomplete penetrance
1384817845046 1360692053906 T/F In Gilbert syndrome, hemolytic anemia is par
t of the syndrome.
T
1384817886058 1360692053906 Type II Crigler-Najjar syndrome is treated by?
phenobarbital
1384818062681 1360692053906 What are lab indications for reye syndrome?
elevated transaminase, ammonia, fatty acids, lactin acid, prolonged PT, hypoglyc
emia
1384818134747 1360692053906 The primary tumor for metastatic tumors in the l
iver most often arises in?
colon, lung, breast
1384818320784 1360692053906 What kind of tumor is induced by vinyl chloride,
thorotrast, and arsenic?
hepatic angiosarcoma
1384818391246 1360692053906 What is the major contributing factor for hepato
cellular carcinoma?
cirrhosis of liver
1384818435056 1360692053906 what causes cholangitis?
bacterial infect
ion: E. coli
1384818477090 1360692053906 what causes liver abscess?
complication of
acute ascending cholangitis
1384818495973 1360692053906 if cholelithiasis is made up of calcium bilirubi
nate, what is the risk factor? hemolytic anemia
1384818588120 1360692053906 where are gallstones most commonly found?
gallbladder
1384818619322 1360692053906 what are complications of cholelithiasis?
cholecystitis<div>acute cholangitis</div><div>acute pancreatitis</div><div>bilia
ry cirrhosis</div><div>carcinoma of gallbladder</div>
1384818702172 1360692053906 Bacteria is cultured more in acute or chronic ch
olecystitis?
Acute
ng" /><div><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-08 at 8.32.55 AM.png" /></div> Enamel h
ypoplasia
ng" /> Enamel hypocalcification
ng" /><div><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-08 at 8.38.06 AM.png" /></div> Dental f
luorosis
ng" /> Attrition
ng" /><div><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-08 at 8.40.03 AM.png" /></div> Abrasion
ng" /> Abfraction
ng" /><div><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-08 at 8.47.56 AM.png" /></div> Erosion
ng" /><div><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-08 at 8.49.49 AM.png" /></div><div><img
src="Screen Shot 2014-01-13 at 3.12.48 PM.png" /></div>
internal, intern
al and external Resorption
ng" /> pulp calcification
extrinsic stains
-betel nut; tobacco
ng" /> intrinsic stains<div>tetracycline</div>

hypodontia
ng" /> hyperdontia<div>"mesiodens"</div>
ng" /> Microdontia
ng" /> Macrodontia
ng" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-08 at 9.51.16 AM.png" /><div><br /></div>
Gemination
ng" /> Fusion
ng" /> Concrescence
png" /> Talon cusp
png" /> dens evanginatus
dens invaginatus
png" /> Enamel pearl
ng" /> Taurodontism
ng" /> Hypercementosis
png" /> Dilaceration
png" /> Supernumerary roots
hot 2014-01-08 at 10.15.16 AM.png" /> Amelogenesis imperfecta
png" /><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-08 at 10.15.59 AM.png" /> dentinogenesis i
mperfecta
ng" /> shell teeth
png" /><div><img src="Screen Shot 2014-01-13 at 3.11.30 PM.png" /></div>
dentinal dysplasia
png" /> Regional odontodysplasia<div>"ghost teeth"</div>
1389218448716 1360692053906 What is single tooth involvement in enamel hypop
lasia caused by local infection/trauma? Turner s tooth
1389218501301 1360692053906 if local infection/trauma occurs in first two ye
ars of life, which teeth would be affected in enamel hypoplasia?
anterior
s and first molars
1389218559997 1360692053906 if local infection/trauma occurs at 4-5 years of
age in enamel hypoplasia, which teeth would be affected?
cuspids, bicuspi
ds, second molars
1389218611791 1360692053906 what is the ideal fluoride concentration for car
ies reduction? 0.6-1.0 ppm
1389245586149 1360692053906 what is the most common site of predilection for
hyperdontia? mesiodens
1389245849000 1360692053906 what is the most common tooth to exhibit microdo
ntia ? lateral
1389245962465 1360692053906 which teeth most commonly exhibits dens invagina
tus?
max lateral
1389246246878 1360692053906 where are enamel pearls usually found? maxillar

y molars
1389246302005 1360692053906 which tooth most commonly exhibits dilaceration?
permanent max incisors
1389279105313 1360692053906 Are teeth subject to enamel hypocalcification su
sceptible to caries?
No
1389280260575 1360692053906 How is the mineral and organic content in enamel
hypocalcification?
low mineral<div>high organic content</div>
1389280310822 1360692053906 what is the most important time period for denta
l fluorosis?
2nd and 3rd year of life
1389280357195 1360692053906 Which regressive alteration feature v-shaped or
notched areas? Abrasion
1389280488248 1360692053906 Which regressive alterations feature wedge-shape
d defect at cervical area of tooth?
abfraction
1389280546414 1360692053906 which regressive alteration can be subgingival?
Abfraction
1389280583524 1360692053906 Citrus fruits typically erode where?
labial s
urfaces of max anterior teeth
1389280728374 1360692053906 Stomach acid erodes which surfaces?
lingual
surfaces of all max teeth
1389280745528 1360692053906 what is external resorption associated with?
cells in periodontal ligament
1389280823219 1360692053906 what is internal resorption associated with?
cells in dental pulp
1389280955519 1360692053906 which is the most common type of true denticles?
attached type
1389281153421 1360692053906 where are true denticles more common in?
pulp chambers
1389281171109 1360692053906 what syndrome is associated with hypodontia?
hereditary ectodermal dysplasia
1389286929274 1360692053906 in hypodontia, what are the teeth most commonly
affected?
third molar<div>max lateral<br /><div>max and mand 2nd bicuspid<
/div></div>
1389287005244 1360692053906 most supernumerary teeth occur in the maxilla or
mandible?
maxilla
1389287085940 1360692053906 what is the second most common hyperdontia?
max 4th molar (distomolar)
1389287125126 1360692053906 what are syndromes associated with hyperdontia?
cleidocranial dysostosis<div>Gardner s syndrome</div>
1389287167792 1360692053906 Generalized microdontia is seen in?
Dwarfism
<div>Down Syndrome</div>
1389287235866 1360692053906 What are common teeth for microdontia of single
tooth? "peg lateral and third molar
1389287255523 1360692053906 Macrodontia of single tooth occurs in? mandibul
ar 3rd molar
1389287290087 1360692053906 In gemination or fusion is the teeth count norma
l?
Gemination
1389287371088 1360692053906 In concrescence, where are the teeth united?
cementum
1389287418295 1360692053906 Where is talon cusp located?
project linguall
y from cingulum area of max incisor
1389287468736 1360692053906 Taurodontism is prevalent in which ethnicities?
Eskimos and middle eastern
1389287626641 1360692053906 What are the three classifications of amelogenei
s imperfecta? hypoplastic<div>hypocalcified</div><div>hypomaturation</div>
1389287809226 1360692053906 What are classifications of dentinogenesis imper
fecta? Type I: occurs in association with osteogenesis imperfecta<div>Type II:
never occurs in association with osteogenesis imperfecta</div><div>Type III "She
ll teeth"</div>
1389287942440 1360692053906 what are characteristics of shell teeth?
normal enamel, dentin thin; pulp chambers large<div>sufficient and defective den
tin formation</div><div>short roots</div><div>seen in deciduous teeth</div>
1389288058700 1360692053906 What are types of dentinal dysplasia? Type I:
rootless teeth; color of teeth normal<div>Type II: bulbous crowns, obliteration
of pup; color of <b>primary</b> teeth <u>opalescent</u></div>
1389288137898 1360692053906 what are possible causes of regional odontodyspl
asia? latent virus<div>malnutrition</div><div>radiation therapy</div><div>loca
l trauma or infection</div><div>abnormal migration of neural crest cells</div><d
iv>local circulation deficiency</div>
1389288229626 1360692053906 What are syndromes associated with regional odon
todysplasia?
Ectodermal dysplasia<div>Epidermal nevi</div><div>Rh factor inco
mpatibility</div><div>Neurofibromatosis</div>
1389655049674 1360692053906 black stains are more common is which age and ge
nder group?
childhood<div>females</div>
1389657567757 1360692053906 Green stains are associated with poor oral hygie
ne. T/F True
1389657612989 1360692053906 which of the extrinsic stains occur more i
n children?
black, green (boys), orange
1389658038760 1360692053906 what are the top two most common teeth to exhibi
t microdontia of single tooth? How about for hypodontia?
#1 Lateral incis
or<div>#2 Third molar</div><div>__________</div><div>#1 Third molar</div><div>#2
Max lateral incisor</div><div>#3 Max, mand 2nd bicuspid</div>
1389658671056 1360692053906 What are syndromes and conditions associated wit
h regional odontodysplasia?
Ectodermal dysplasia<div>Epidermal nevi</div><di
v>Rh factor incompatibility</div><div>Neurofibromatosis</div>
Turner s teeth
1389714120502 1360692053906 what is erosion secondary to gastric secretions?
perimolysis
1389715043445 1360692053906 what syndromes are associated with hyperdontia?
Cleidocranial dysostosis<div>Gardner s syndrome</div>
1389722604582 1360692053906 T/F In ghost teeth, permanent teeth are affected
more often than primary teeth. T
1382653141105 1360692053906 What is the normal red cell lab values for me: h
emoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte count?
13.6-17.2<div>39-49</div><div>4.
3-5.9</div>
1382653218736 1360692053906 in chronic blood loss, what is the limiting fact
or to RBC replacement? Iron deficiency
1382653375511 1360692053906 What should you rule out in chronic blood loss?
GI involvement
1382653403579 1360692053906 What are characteristics of all hemolytic anemia
s?
increased RBC destr.<div>rentention of iron > hemosiderosis</div><div
>hypercellularity of bone marrow</div><div>extramedullary hematopoiesis in liver
and spleen (in severe cases)</div>
1382653611113 1360692053906 how is hereditary spherocytosis inherited?
autosomal dominant
1382653688116 1360692053906 how is sickle cell anemia inherited?
Mendelia
n autosomal codominant
1382654829390 1360692053906 what is substituted in sickle cell anemia?
valine for glutamate at 6th position of beta chain
1382654876477 1360692053906 what affects cells to sickle? low oxygen level
s and inflammation
1382655957117 1360692053906 how is beta thalassemia inherited?
medelian
autosomal codominant
1382656190988 1360692053906 in beta thalassemia, what causes hemolysis?
@ chains
1382656357644 1360692053906 how is alpha thalassemia inherited?
Mendelia
n autosomal codominant
1382656828173 1360692053906 what are the types of alpha thalassemia in order
of increasing severity?
silent carrier state: 1 lost @<div>two gene dele
tion alpha thalassemia (alpha thalassemia trait) > small RBCs</div><div>Three

-gene deletion (HbH disease)</div><div>Hydrops fetalis<br /><div><br /></div></d
iv>
1382656931601 1360692053906 What are tetramers of B chains called? What is i
ts characteristic?
Hemoglobin H<div>Very high affinity for O2</div>
1382657016959 1360692053906 What happens in HbH disease?
Tetramers of B c
hains<div>HbH protein damages RBC membrane > hemolysis</div>
1382657103168 1360692053906 What forms in hydrops fetalis? Tetramers of gam
ma globulin chains > even greater affinity for O2
1382657166015 1360692053906 Which thalassemia shows edema at birth? Hydrops
fetalis
1382657196839 1360692053906 in which type of autoimmune hemolytic anemias is
secondary raynaud possible?
cold type
1382658533352 1360692053906 what is bilirubin deposits in the brain?
kernicterus
1382658847831 1360692053906 What can be used to prevent problems with hemoly
tic anemia of the newborn?
RhoGAM
1382658964894 1360692053906 what is the most common nutritional anemia?
Iron
1382659251803 1360692053906 what is the most important cause of iron deficie
ncy in the western world?
chronic blood loss
1382659321258 1360692053906 the two-gene @ thalasemia is similar to which Be
ta thalassemia? beta thalassemia minor
1384731379563 1360692053906 Which anemia can manifest with extramedullary he
mopoiesis?
Hemolytic anemia
1384844919382 1360692053906 what is normal hemoglobin content in blood?
13.6-17.2 g/dl
1384845036126 1360692053906 what is normal hematocrit?
39-49%
1384845053866 1360692053906 what is RBC count?
4.3-5.9x10^6/uL
1384845074215 1360692053906 What are characteristics of hemolytic anemia?
1384845177014 1360692053906 what are characteristics of hemolytic anemia?<di
v><br /></div> hemosiderosis<div>hypercellularity</div><div>extramedullary hemo
poiesis in liver/spleen</div>
1384845223105 1360692053906 what is deficient in hereditary spherocytosis?
spectrin molecues
1384845407361 1360692053906 when do cells sickle? low oxygen tension<div>i
nflammation</div>
1384845474796 1360692053906 in which disease does auto-splenectomy resolve p
roblem? sickle cell disease
1384845544218 1360692053906 What are tetramers of B chains in alpha thalasse
mia called?
HbH
1384845650404 1360692053906 what are tetramers of gamma globulin chains call
ed and what is name of condition?
hemoglobin barts<div>hydrops fetalis</di
v>
1384845712468 1360692053906 how is immunohemolytic anemia tested? COOMBS t
esting
1384845790756 1360692053906 What is lab indication for iron deficiency anemi
a?
microcystic hypochromia anemia
1384845872604 1360692053906 what is most common nutritional anemia? iron def
iciency
1384845888797 1360692053906 What are clinical indications of iron deficiency
anemia?
spoon shaped fingernails<div>atrophic glossitis</div><div>pale s
kin, mucous membranes</div>
1384846016891 1360692053906 what are characteristics of megaloblastic anemia
s?
enlargement of erythroid precursors<div>granulocytic precurosrs</div><di
v>nuclear-cytoplastmic asynchrony</div>
1384846240268 1360692053906 what is a etiology of folic acid deficiency anem
ia?
methotrexate, increased demand, contraceptives, reduced dietary folate i
ntake
1384846406042 1360692053906 how much folate supplement should be used?
400 mg/day
1384846533105 1360692053906 what are clinical symptoms of folic acid deficie
ncy anemia?
cheilosis, reduced taste, appetite, spina bifida
1384846587028 1360692053906 what are megaloblstic anemia? folic acid defic
iency<div>Pernicious anemia</div>
1384846728177 1360692053906 Megaloblastic anemia labs show what kind of neut
rophils?
hypersegmented
1384846881966 1360692053906 what are pathologic findings for pernicious anem
ia?
atrophic gastritis<div>atrophic glossitis</div><div>lemon-yellow skin</d
iv><div>demyelination of peripheral nerves</div>
1384847015327 1360692053906 what is apastic anemia? fatty replacement of hem
atopoietic marrow<div>assoicated with pancytopenia</div>
1384902579050 1360692053906 which disease exhibits extramedullary hemopoiesi
s?
hemolytic anemia
1384902602417 1360692053906 what are types of hemolytic anemia?
heredita
ry spherocytosis<div>sickle cell anemia</div><div>thalassemias syndrome</div><di
v>glucose 6p dehydrogenase deficiency</div><div>autoimmune hemolytic anemia</div
><div>erythroblastosis fetalis</div><div>hemolytic anemia due to microbial infec
tion</div>
1384902685473 1360692053906 what are clinical signs of sickle cell anemia?
chronic anemia<div>increased infections</div><div>vaso-occlusive crisis</div><di
v>aplastic crisis</div><div>pancytopenia</div>
1384903102315 1360692053906 which disease is cured by auto-splenectomy?
sickle cell anemia
1384903124862 1360692053906 what is the most common cause of hemolytic anemi
a due to microbial infection? malaria
1384903380492 1360692053906 which disease manifests as microcytic hypochromi
a?
iron deficiency anemia
1384904126636 1360692053906 which disease exhibits atrophic glossitis and sp
oon shaped fingernails? iron deficiency anemia
1384904392824 1360692053906 which type of megaloblastic anemia does not show
neurological problems? folic acid deficiency
1384904537841 1360692053906 how do you distinguish folic acid deficiency ane
mia from vitamin B12 deficiency?
folic acid: low serum folate<div>B12: hi
gh folate</div>
1384904711713 1360692053906 which anemia shows atrophic glossitis? iron def
iciency anemia<div>vitamin B12 deficiency</div>
1384905341283 1360692053906 which results in megaloblastic madness? B12 defi
ciency
1383796975705 1360692053906 What are signs and symptoms of esophageal diseas
es?
Dysphagia<div>Heartburn-regurgitation</div><div>Hematemesis</div><div>Me
lena</div>
1383797024552 1360692053906 Describe sliding hiatal hernia? entire superior
area junction involved<div>junction goes up</div>
1383797104200 1360692053906 Describe Paraesophageal hernia. Just part of sto
mach bulges up<div>Junction remains at the level of diaphram</div>
1383797174289 1360692053906 Which rare anatomic disorder does not cause SCC?
Atresia
1383797755043 1360692053906 what is the most common pattern of esophageal ca
rcinoma in US? Adenocarcinoma
1383798145659 1360692053906 What is major risk factor for adenocarcinoma?
Barrett esophagus secondary to chronic GERD
1383798174416 1360692053906 What is precursor to Adenocarcinoma?
Barrett
Esophagus
1383798235406 1360692053906 What makes up majority of esophageal carcinoma w
orld-wide?
SCC
1383798263493 1360692053906 what is more common, chronic or acute gastritis?
chronic gastritis
1383798454345 1360692053906 What is chronic gastritis?
chronic inflamma
tion of stomach mucosa leading to mucosal atrophy and epithelial intestinal meta
plasia
1383798504609 1360692053906 What is the most common and most innocuous anoma
ly of the small intestine?
Merckel Diverticulum
1383798933161 1360692053906 What is omphalocele?
membranous abdominal wal
l that balloons out and contains abdominal viscera
1383798979816 1360692053906 What are examples of malabsorption due to defect
ive intraluminal digestion?
cystic fibrosis, bile obstruction
1383799090281 1360692053906 What are examples of malabsorption due to primar
y mucosal cell abnormalities? lactose intolerance
1383799108380 1360692053906 What are examples of malabsorption due to reduce
d small intestine surface area? celiac disease, short gut syndrome, crohn diseas
e
1383799169061 1360692053906 What are examples of malabsorption due to infect
ion?
tropical sprue, whipple disease
1383799243639 1360692053906 What is caused by immunologic reaction to gluten
in wheat, rye, and barley?
Celiac Disease
1383799285090 1360692053906 What are sites of predilection for carcinoid tum
or?
appendix, small gut, rectum, sigmoid, lung, etc.
1383799476757 1360692053906 What is backwash ileitis?
inflammation pas
ses backwards from colon and cause inflammation in ileum
1383799813499 1360692053906 What are differences between ulcerative colitis
and crohn disease?
<div>1. Well-formed granulomas are absent in ulcerative
colitis.</div><div>2. There are NO skip lesions in ulcerative colitis.</div><div
>3. Ulcers in ulcerative colitis rarely extend below submucosa.</div><div>4. The
re is little fibrosis in ulcerative colitis.</div><div>5. Mucosal thickening doe
s not occur in ulcerative colitis.</div><div>6. Ulcerative colitis has greater r
isk for malignancy.</div>
1383799936998 1360692053906 what can reduce risk for colorectal carcinoma?
Aspirin and NSAIDs
1383879017190 1360692053906 what are the two types of hiatal hernia?
sliding hiatal hernia<div>paraesophageal hernia</div>
1383879303760 1360692053906 which is the most predominant type of hiatal her
nia?
sliding hiatal hernia
1383879451746 1360692053906 what causes esophageal varices? liver cirrhosis
> portal hypertension
1383879558413 1360692053906 T/F esophagitis is caused by infection? False<di
v>mucosal injury (chronic gastric reflux) > inflammation</div>
1383879679835 1360692053906 which disease is precursor to adenocarcinoma?
Barrett Esophagus
1383879714286 1360692053906 which esophageal carcinoma is the most common pa
ttern in the US?
adenocarcinoma
1383879825266 1360692053906 which esophageal carcinoma is the most common in
world? squamous cell carcinoma
1383879848747 1360692053906 What is major risk fractor for adenocarcinoma of
esophagus?
Barrett esophagus
1383879895265 1360692053906 Where is adenocarcinoma of esophagus located?
distal area of esophagus
1383879930007 1360692053906 where is squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus lo
cated? middle third of esophagus
1383879950909 1360692053906 what are the causes of chronic gastritis?
helicobacter pylori<div>pernicious anemia</div>
1383880107121 1360692053906 what are morphological manifestations of chronic
gastritis?
mucosal atrophy<div>chronic inflammation</div><div>epithelial in
testinal metaplasia </div>
1383880197755 1360692053906 loss of parietal cells occurs in chronic gastrit
is caused by? pernicious anemia
1383880230674 1360692053906 what are some contributing factors for acute gas
tritis? NSAIDS<div>alcohol</div><div>heavy smoking</div><div>chemo</div>
1383880297481 1360692053906 What are gastric ulcerations? breach in mucosa
, extending through muscularis mucosae into submucosal
1383880335264 1360692053906 where does peptic ulcer diease most often occur?
first portion of duodenum
1383880375659 1360692053906 which two gastric diseases have helicobacter pyl
ori as infective agents?
chronic gastritis<div>peptic ulcer disease</div>
<div>gastric </div>
1383880466342 1360692053906 which gastric carcinoma has no link to chronic g
astritis?
diffuse type
1383880549354 1360692053906 what are risk factors for gastric carcinoma--int
estinal type? diet<div>chronic gastritis</div>
1383880606932 1360692053906 what is the most common and innocuous anomaly of
small intestine?
Meckel Diverticulum
1383880653052 1360692053906 where is meckel diverticulum located? distal i
leum
1383880672693 1360692053906 which developmental anomalies of small intestine
is associated with fetal demise?
omphalocele
1383880708829 1360692053906 What are causes of Celiac disease?
genetic<
div>infiltration by lymphocytes</div><div>loss of surface area for absorption</d
iv>
1383880845725 1360692053906 What is the least likely site for neoplasm in th
e GI? small intestine
1383880871283 1360692053906 Which small intestine neoplasm is known to produ
ce ectopic hormones?
carcinoid tumor
1383880908407 1360692053906 what is the genetic predisposition for ulcerativ
e colitis?
HLA-DRB1
1383880988488 1360692053906 What is the genetic predisposition for Crohn dis
ease? HLA-DR7<div>HLA-DQ4</div>
1383881010946 1360692053906 What are etiology for idiopathic inflammatory bo
wel diseases? genetic<div>dysregulation of T cell responses</div><div>Microbia
l factors</div>
1383881056186 1360692053906 Compare and contrast Crohn diases and ulcerative
colitis?
<u>Crohn </u> &n
bsp; <u>Ul
cerative colitis</u><div>Granulomatous inflammation no granuloma </d
iv><div>Skip lesions &nb
sp; continuous   </div
><div>Fibrosis &n
bsp; little fibrosis</div><div>E
ntire GI    &n
bsp; confined to GI</div><div>not blood
y diarrhea bloody
diarrhea</div><div>small risk for cancer &nbs
p; high risk for cancer</div><div>mucosal thickening
no mucosal thickening</div>
1383881423229 1360692053906 What is symptomatic diverticulosis?
Divertic
ulitis
1383881454163 1360692053906 how do you treat diverticulosis?
high fib
er diet
1383881477998 1360692053906 what is the most common type of adenomatous poly
ps of the colon?
tubular
1383881537521 1360692053906 risk of developing colon cancer is proportional
to number of ? adenomatous polyps
1383881569455 1360692053906 which familial polyposis syndromes are high risk
and low risk? <div>-----------high</div>familial adenomatous polyposis<div>gar
dner syndrome</div><div>Turcot syndrome</div><div>-----------low</div><div>Peutz
-Jeghers syndrome</div><div>cowden syndrome</div>
1383881714408 1360692053906 what are predisposing factors for colorectal car
cinoma? dietary<div>- low vegetable fiber</div><div>- high refined CHOs</div><di
v>- high dietary fat from meats</div><div>- low intake of vitamins (antioxidants
)</div><div>adenomatous polyps</div>
1383881807404 1360692053906 what is morphology for colorectal carcinoma?
adenocarcinoma
1383883629996 1360692053906
fails to form? atresia
1384912198971 1360692053906
ations
what is a developmental anomaly where esophagus

what is mallory-weiss syndrome? esophageal lacer

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nid

1391038914590 1374198547816 give me the equation for specificity

</div><div>-matrix production</div><div>-growth of microcolonies w/ in matrix</d

ith this disease (most cases bilateral enlargement of the parotid)</div><div>- M

1392844669155 1384318139939 <div>Signs and Symptoms</div><div>1) Small lesio

narrow cords</b> of odontogenic epithelium resembling the dental lamina or a <b

odontogenic epithlium and show <b>no</b> participation of odontogenic ectomesen

of calcifications and commonly appear as well-circumscribed lucency surrounding

es bones and graons</div>

at)/ non-fitting prosthesis</div><div>- deafness, and visual disturbances</div><

ersible pulpitis:<div>-normal</div><div>-opaque</div><div>-slight change</div><d

al abscesses is that they display widening of the PDL<div>T/F</div>

e:pre"> </span>Acute Apical Periodontitis&nbsp;

e:pre"> </span>Variable response to EPT c.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="wh

ectomesenchyme. It bears a close resemblance to the mesenchymal portion of the

src="paste-21638045238328.jpg" /></div><div>what is it?</div><div>Describe it hi

1392600235929 1390161073008 Radiographic features of&nbsp;Osteoporotic bone

ewed on an occlusal radiograph</div><div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="whit

1392596083070 1390161073008 people you see neoplasms/carcinomas arising in o

1392590003549 1390161073008 Etiology of Gingival cyst of the Adult Rests of

atinized&nbsp;<div><br /></div><div>(Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cysts are 2x m

1392414464610 1390161073008 type of pain in&nbsp;Periapical ( Radicular cyst

ion of the follicle from around the crown of an unerupted tooth.

1392588946191 1390161073008 gender you see&nbsp;Orthokeratinized Odontogenic

r pits</li><li>Calcified falx cerebri</li><li>Rib abnormalities (splayed, fused,

no recurrence<div>Dermoid Cyst: rare recurrance</div>

1392603774588 1390161073008 which smells bad when ruptured, Epidermoid or De

1392841017979 1384318139939 Ameloblastic Fibroma sex

overlying tissue</div> acute osteomyelitis

src="paste-29635274342952.jpg" /></div> Infiltrating Ameloblastoma

1393464283968 1390161073008 where do you find nasopalatine duct cyst?

1393525245740 1390161073008 Pseudocystic lesion of apparent vascular origin

isphosphonate-associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaws radiographically<div><br /></

1393530737388 1390161073008 Ewing Sarcoma: site

at to differentiate from more serious disease? This could be either one!<div><im

><li>calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor</li><li>orthokeratinized odontogeni

nd?</div><div>What does it look like?</div>

ary lateral incisor and cuspid.</b>

1393455936303 1390161073008 is it more common to find a pericoronal cyst or

/></div><div><br /></div><div>Radiographically this could be a dentigerous cyst

><div><img src="paste-26431228740546.jpg" /></div>Cyst with stratified squamous

olar canal</b>;&nbsp;</li><li>may be bilateral.</li></ol>

orders may show <b>irregular scalloping.</b>

1392873917218 1390161073008 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: pt may complain o

1392675507623 1384318139939 <img src="paste-36429912604673.jpg" /><div>lessi

eir mouth</div> nasopalatine duct cyst

roliferative osteitis) age

ed of what that vary in morphology?

</div><div>lession seen following trauma</div> Garre s / periostitis ossificans

1393015397039 1384318139939 <img src="paste-50349901611009.jpg" /><div>what

1393017245031 1384318139939 <img src="paste-75741748264961.jpg" /><div>this

e:pre"> </span>Tumor shows no participation of odontogenic ectomesenchyme

1392861754331 1384318139939 <img src="paste-7687991459841.jpg" /><div>dz</di

1392867489629 1384318139939 <img src="paste-60992830570497.jpg" /><div>32 ye

pt is a 40 year old</div><div>complaining of painless swelling in his jaw</div><

or attached to the root of the tooth.</div>

epending on pressure flow)</div>

1392848876774 1384318139939 <div>Histologic Features</div><div>1) Epithelium

1393281842276 1384318139939 in which of these conditions will you have corti

1392849716248 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor Histology:&nbsp;F

ific, sessile gingival mass in <b>anterior jaws.&nbsp;</b>

1392671109415 1389053809033 <img src="paste-45436459024785.jpg" /> Periapic

e:pre"> </span>Acute Apical Periodontitis

1392600235929 1390161073008 Radiographic features of Osteoporotic bone

atinized <div><br /></div><div>(Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cysts are 2x m

1392414464610 1390161073008 type of pain in Periapical ( Radicular cyst

1392588946191 1390161073008 gender you see Orthokeratinized Odontogenic

olar canal</b>; </li><li>may be bilateral.</li></ol>

1392849716248 1390161073008 Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor Histology: F

ific, sessile gingival mass in <b>anterior jaws. </b>

lateral neck. </div></div> Nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

1389561354471 1357716934780 define (hypogeusia)

ion</div><div> Hair loss</div><div> Scarring</div><div> Chronic d

flattened occiput, </b>and <b>syndactyly/synonychia</b> describe which synd

s is good overall, <div><br /></div><div>recurrence is not expected.</div>

1394385806491 1390161073008 Interpretation of Brush Biopsy Report: inco

sp; Psychological</div><div><br

tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>up to 2 cm in diameter </div><div

eolar </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </sp