PVSYST V5.

06

04/11/15 Page 1/5

Stand Alone System: Simulation parameters

Project :

Geographical Site

Situation
Time defined as

Meteo data :

Simulation variant :
Simulation parameters

Collector Plane Orientation

Near Shadings

Deber

Quito

Latitude
Legal Time
Albedo

Country

0.1S
Time zone UT+5
0.20

Longitude
Altitude

Equator

78.2W
2818 m

Quito, Synthetic Hourly data

New simulation variant

Simulation date

Tilt

Linear shadings

PV Array Characteristics

Si-poly
Model
Manufacturer
Number of PV modules
In series
Total number of PV modules
Nb. modules
Array global power
Nominal (STC)
Array operating characteristics (50C)
U mpp
Total area
Module area
PV module

04/11/15 18h19

15

VSG 435
Ertex Solar
1 modules
4
1.74 kWp
54 V
13.1 m

Azimuth

10

In parallel
Unit Nom. Power
At operating cond.
I mpp

4 strings
435 Wp
1.56 kWp (50C)
29 A

PV Array loss factors

Thermal Loss factor
Uc (const) 29.0 W/mK
Uv (wind)
=> Nominal Oper. Coll. Temp. (G=800 W/m, Tamb=20C, Wind velocity = 1m/s.) NOCT

0.0 W/mK / m/s

45 C

Wiring Ohmic Loss

Global array res.
Module Quality Loss
Module Mismatch Losses
Incidence effect, ASHRAE parametrization
IAM =
System Parameter

System type

Model
Manufacturer
Battery Pack Characteristics
Voltage
Nb. of units
Temperature
Model
Regulator
Manufacturer
Technology
Battery Management Thresholds
Charging
Back-Up Genset Command
Battery

Back-up generator (genset)

User's needs :

Model
Manufacturer
Power

Daily household consumers

average

17 mOhm

1 - bo (1/cos i - 1)

Loss Fraction
Loss Fraction
Loss Fraction
bo Parameter

0.8 % at STC
2.5 %
4.0 % (fixed voltage)
0.05

Stand alone with back-up generator System

MK 8A4D AGM
MK Battery
48 V
Nominal Capacity
4 in series x 4 in parallel
Fixed (20C)
Tarom 4110
Steca
uP, Series transistor Temp coeff.
54.8/50.4 V
Discharging
44.4/51.6 V
3 kW
Back-up generator
3 kW

Constant over the year

7.2 kWh/Day

664 Ah

-5.0 mV/C/elem.
43.7/48.0 V

PVSYST V5.06

04/11/15 Page 2/5

Stand Alone System: Near shading definition

Project :

Simulation variant :

Deber

Main system parameters

Near Shadings
PV Field Orientation
PV Array
Battery
battery Pack
User's needs

New simulation variant

System type
Linear shadings
tilt
Nb. of modules
Model
Nb. of units
Daily household consumers

Stand alone with back-up generator

15
azimuth
4
Pnom total
MK 8A4D AGM
Technology
16
Voltage / Capacity
Constant over the year
global

10
1.74 kWp
vented, vehicle starting
48 V / 664 Ah
2635 kWh/year

Perspective of the PV-field and surrounding shading scene

Zenith

East

West

North

PVSYST V5.06

04/11/15 Page 3/5

Stand Alone System: Detailed User's needs

Project :

Simulation variant :

Main system parameters

Near Shadings
PV Field Orientation
PV Array
Battery
battery Pack
User's needs

Deber

New simulation variant

System type
Linear shadings
tilt
Nb. of modules
Model
Nb. of units
Daily household consumers

Stand alone with back-up generator

15
azimuth
4
Pnom total
MK 8A4D AGM
Technology
16
Voltage / Capacity
Constant over the year
global

Daily household consumers, Constant over the year, average = 7.2 kWh/day

10
1.74 kWp
vented, vehicle starting
48 V / 664 Ah
2635 kWh/year

Annual values
Fluorescent lamps
TV / Video-tape rec. / PC
Domestic appliances
Fridge / Deep-freeze
Dish-washer / Cloth-washer
Other uses
Stand-by consumers
Total daily energy

Number
9
4
4
1
2
1

Power

30 W/lamp
75 W/app
200 W/app
450 W tot
30 W tot

Use

5 h/day
3 h/day
1 h/day
600 Wh/day
1200 Wh/day
1 h/day
24 h/day

Energy

1350 Wh/day
900 Wh/day
800 Wh/day
600 Wh/day
2400 Wh/day
450 Wh/day
720 Wh/day
7220 Wh/day

PVSYST V5.06

04/11/15 Page 4/5

Stand Alone System: Main results

Project :

Deber

Simulation variant :

New simulation variant

Main system parameters

Near Shadings
PV Field Orientation
PV Array
Battery
battery Pack
User's needs
Main simulation results
System Production

System type
Linear shadings
tilt
Nb. of modules
Model
Nb. of units
Daily household consumers

15
azimuth
4
Pnom total
MK 8A4D AGM
Technology
16
Voltage / Capacity
Constant over the year
global

10
1.74 kWp
vented, vehicle starting
48 V / 664 Ah
2635 kWh/year

Available Energy
Used Energy
Performance Ratio PR
Back-Up energy

Specific prod.
2486 kWh/year
2636 kWh/year Excess (unused)
75.9 %
Solar Fraction SF
257 kWh/year Fuel Consumption

1429 kWh/kWp/year
11.2 kWh/year
90.3 %
154/year

Back-Up energy from generator

Stand alone with back-up generator

Normalized productions (per installed kWp): Nominal power 1.74 kWp

6

Lu : Unused energy (full battery)

Lc : Collection Loss (PV-array losses)
Ls : System losses and battery charging
Yf : Energy supplied to the user

0.02 kWh/kWp/day
1.02 kWh/kWp/day
-0.25 kWh/kWp/day
4.15 kWh/kWp/day

PR : Performance Ratio (Yf / Yr) :

0.841
SF : Solar Fraction (ESol / ELoad) : 1.000

1.0

Performance Ratio PR

Normalized Energy [kWh/kWp/day]

Performance Ratio PR and Solar Fraction SF

1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

0.0

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

New simulation variant

Balances and main results

GlobEff

E Avail

EUnused

E User

E Load

SolFrac

155.0

133.0

187.0

0.187

223.9

223.8

0.907

1741.0

2485.7

11.250

2635.5

2635.3

0.903

kWh/m

January

February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Year

Legends:

GlobHor

GlobHor
GlobEff
E Avail
EUnused

147.0
164.0
152.0
153.0
141.0
146.0
154.0
157.0
166.0
156.0
155.0

1846.0

kWh/m
130.7
153.7
150.3
156.7
147.3
151.0
154.1
149.6
149.7
134.6
130.5

kWh

185.8
220.4
214.0
229.8
210.2
218.4
218.7
213.9
212.4
191.4
183.6

Horizontal global irradiation

Effective Global, corr. for IAM and shadings
Available Solar Energy
Unused energy (full battery) loss

kWh

0.061
0.368
0.080
9.686
0.125
0.160
0.187
0.077
0.064
0.167
0.086

E User
E Load
SolFrac

kWh

202.2
223.8
216.6
223.8
216.6
223.8
223.9
216.6
223.9
216.6
223.9

kWh

202.2
223.8
216.6
223.8
216.6
223.8
223.8
216.6
223.8
216.6
223.8

0.879
0.863
0.907
1.000
0.855
1.000
1.000
0.880
0.873
0.906
0.758

Energy supplied to the user

Energy need of the user (Load)
Solar fraction (EUsed / ELoad)

Oct

Nov

Dec

PVSYST V5.06

04/11/15 Page 5/5

Stand Alone System: Loss diagram

Project :

Simulation variant :

Deber

Main system parameters

Near Shadings
PV Field Orientation
PV Array
Battery
battery Pack
User's needs

New simulation variant

System type
Linear shadings
tilt
Nb. of modules
Model
Nb. of units
Daily household consumers

Stand alone with back-up generator

15
azimuth
4
Pnom total
MK 8A4D AGM
Technology
16
Voltage / Capacity
Constant over the year
global

10
1.74 kWp
vented, vehicle starting
48 V / 664 Ah
2635 kWh/year

Loss diagram over the whole year

1846 kWh/m

Horizontal global irradiation

-2.4% Global incident in coll. plane
0.0%
Near Shading Factor on global
-3.3%

1741 kWh/m * 13 m coll.

efficiency at STC = 13.3%
3036 kWh

-3.8%

-4.3%

-2.2%

9.7%
256.5 kWh

2474 kWh
Direct use
39.7%

Stored
60.3%

PV loss due to irradiance level

PV loss due to temperature

Module quality loss

Module array mismatch loss

-5.5%

Loss by respect to the MPP running

-0.4%
-0.3%

-3.3%

-0.1%
-0.8%
2635 kWh

Array nominal energy (at STC effic.)

-1.8%

-0.5%
Back-up generator

IAM factor on global

Effective irradiance on collectors
PV conversion

Ohmic wiring loss

Unused energy (full battery) loss

Effective energy at the output of the array
Battery Storage
Battery Stored Energy balance

Battery efficiency loss

Gassing Current (electrolyte dissociation)

Battery Self-discharge Current
Energy supplied to the user
Energy need of the user (Load)