STD 174

OISD STD 174
For Restricted Circulation
WELL CONTROL
Prepared by
Committee on Well Control
Oil Industry Safety Directorate

2nd Floor, Kailash
26, K.G. Marg
New Delhi-110001
FOREWORD
The Oil Industry in India is 100 years old. Because of various collaboration agreements, a variety of
international codes, standards and practices have been in vogue. Standardisation in design
philosophies and operating and maintenance practices at a national level was hardly in existence.
This coupled with feed back from some serious accidents that occurred in the recent past in India and
abroad, emphasised the need for the industry to review the existing state of art in designing, operating
and maintaining oil and gas installations.
With this in view, the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas in 1986 constituted a Safety Council
assisted by the Oil Industry Safety Directorate(OISD) staffed from within the industry in formulating
and implementing a series of self regulatory measures aimed at removing obsolescence,
standardising and upgrading the existing standards to ensure safe operations. Accordingly, OISD
constituted a number of functional committees of experts nominated from the industry to draw up
standards and guidelines on various subjects.
The present standard on "Well Control" was prepared by the Functional Committee on "Well Control".
This document is based on the accumulated knowledge and experience of industry members and the
various national and international codes and practices.
This standard is meant to be used as supplement and not as a replacement for existing codes and
practices.
It is hoped that provisions of this standard if implemented objectively, may go a long way to improve
the safety and reduce accidents in Oil and Gas Industry. Users are cautioned that no standard can be
a substitute for the judgement of responsible and experienced engineer.
Suggestions are invited from the users after it is put into practice to improve the document further.
Suggestions for amendments to this document should be addressed to the Coordinator, Committee
on "Well Control", Oil Industry Safety Directorate, 2nd Floor, Kailash, 26 - Kasturba Gandhi Marg,
New Delhi - 110 001.
This standard in no way supercedes the statutory requirements of bodies like DGMS, CCE or any
other Government Body which must be followed as applicable.
II
COMMITTEE FOR
STANDARD ON
"WELL CONTROL"
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Name
Designation &
Position in
Organisation
Committee
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.S/Shri .A.K. Hazarika
GM(D)
ONGC, Mumbai
Leader
2.
S.L. Arora
GM(D)
ONGC, Ahmedabad
Member
3.
A. Borbora
Dy. CE(D)
OIL, Duliajan
Member
4.
C.S. Verma
Dy. CE(D)
Oil, Rajasthan
Member
5.
A. Verma
CE(P)
ONGC, Mumbai
Member
6.
V.P. Mahawar
CE(D)
ONGC, Dehradun
Member
7.
B.K. Baruah
DGM(D)
ONGC, ERBC
Member
8.
S.K. Ahuja
SE(D)
ONGC, ERBC
Member
9.
P.K. Garg
Addl. Director(E&P)
Co-ordinator
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
III
CONTENTS
SECTION
DESCRIPTION
PAGE NO,
1.
INTRODUCTION
2.
SCOPE
3.
DEFINITIONS
4.
CAUSES , DETECTION AND CONTROL OF KICKS
5.
WELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT AND CONTROL SYSTEM
6.
INSTALLATION REQUIREMENT FOR WELL HEAD
10
AND BOP EQUIPMENT

7.
CHOKE AND KILL MANIFOLD
12
8.
DRILLS AND TRAINING
13
9.
PRECAUTIONS DURING WORKOVER OPERATIONS
15
10.
MONITORING INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEM
15
11.
DOS AND DONTS
15
12.
REFERENCES
17
13.
ANNEXURES
l-X
IV
1.0
liquid column. Hydrostatic pressure

can be calculated by the following
formula.
Hyd. pressure (psi) = 0.052 x mud wt.
(ppg) x TVD (feet)
Hyd. pressure (kg/cm2) = Mud
wt.( gm/cc) x TVD (mtrs)/10
where TVD = True vertical depth.
INTRODUCTION
During
drilling
or
workover
operations, successful handling of
threatened kicks is of utmost
importance. It is very important that
drilling and workover personnel have
thorough knowledge of preventing and
controlling such threats. The purpose
of this standard is to follow the
prescribed
procedure
for
safe
practices.
2.0
SCOPE
2.1
This standard covers well control

equipment; methods for well control,
installation requirement for wellhead
& BOP and their function, pressure
testing, instruments required for safe
operations on drilling and workover
rigs engaged for exploration and
production of hydrocarbons.
2.2
The
standard
also
covers
Recommended Practices to be
followed during BOP drills and fire
drills, frequencies of these drills,
assignment of duties of crews working
at drilling and workover rig.
2.3
For training to drilling crew on "Well

Control" for "Onland Operations" and
"Offshore Operations" refer OISD
Standard-154 and 176.
This document in no way supercedes
the
requirements
stipulated
by
statutory bodies like Director General
of Mines Safety, Directorate General
of Shipping, International Maritime
Organisation or any other Government
authorities.
3.0
DEFINITIONS
3.1
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
Pressure exerted by the fluid column
at the depth of interest is termed as
hydrostatic pressure. The magnitude
of hydrostatic pressure depends upon
the density and the vertical height of
1
3.2
PORE PRESSURE
Pressure at which formation fluid is
trapped in the pore (void) spaces of
the rock is termed as formation
pressure or pore pressure. It can be
expressed in various ways like:
In term of pressure - psi or kg/cm2
In term of pressure gradient - psi /ft or
kg/cm2/meter.
In term of equivalent mud wt. - ppg or
gm/cc.
3.3
FRACTURE PRESSURE
It is the measure of rock strength.
Pressure required to induce fracture in
a rock is termed as fracture pressure.
Fracture pressure can be determined
by Geo-physical methods, but during
drilling fracture pressure can be
determined by conducting leak off test.
3.4
BOTTOM HOLE PRESSURE (BHP)

BHP is defined as sum of all pressures
that are being felt at the bottom of the
hole and can be written as:
BHP = static pressure + dynamic
pressures
Static pressure in a well bore is due to
mud column hydrostatic pressure and
surface pressure.
Dynamic pressures are exerted due to
mud movement or the pipe movement
in the well bore. BHP in different well
situations:
Not circulating
BHP = hydrostatic pressure due to
mud column
While drilling
BHP = Hydrostatic pressure of mud
+ annular pressure losses.
While shut-in after taking kick
BHP
= Hydrostatic pressure +
surface
pressure
While killing a well
BHP = Hydrostatic + surface press.
+ annular pressure losses
Running pipe in the hole
BHP = Hydrostatic pressure + surge
pressure
Pulling pipe out of hole
BHP = Hydrostatic pressure - swab
pressure.
3.5
3.6
KICK
A kick is intrusion of unwanted
formation fluid into well bore due to
less hydrostatic head of drilling fluid
column than the formation pressure.
4.0
CAUSE, DETECTION
CONTROL OF KICKS
4.1.0
CAUSES OF KICKS
Any factor which leads to a condition
where BHP becomes less than
formation pressure may cause a well
kick.
4.1.1
4.1.2
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
4.2.0
I.
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE
ANNULAR
SURFACE
PRESSURE (MAASP)
At the time of controlling kick MAASP
is a limit that prevents damage to the
formation/ casing/ surface equipment
due to pressure of high annular
surface pressure.
II.
INCREASE IN RETURN FLOW RATE
III.
PIT GAIN
IV.
PUMP PRESSURE DECREASE AND

PUMP STROKE INCREASE
V.
INCREASE IN TORQUE AND DRAG
VI.
DECREASE IN SHALE DENSITY
VII.
CHANGE IN CUTTING SIZE

SHAPE
VIII.
INCREASE IN TRIP CONNECTION &

BACKGROUND GAS
IX.
INCREASE IN FLOW LINE

TEMPERATURE
X.
INCREASE IN CHLORIDE
CONTENT IN MUD FILTRATE
XI.
CHANGE IN D-EXPONENT
4.3.0
AND
4.3.1
I.
II.
ENCOUNTERING ABNORMAL
FORMATION PRESSURE
MUD HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
IS
REDUCED DUE TO :
Loss circulation
Improper hole fill-up on trips
Swabbing while tripping
Gas/ liquid cut mud
Loss of Riser Drilling Fluid column
III.
IV.
DETECTION OF KICK
WARNING SIGNALS
V.
DRILLING BREAK (SUDDEN

INCREASE IN DRILLING RATE)
2
AND
RECOMMENDED PRACTICES
TO PREVENT KICK
BEFORE PULLING OUT
Before pulling out of the hole mud
should be in good condition. Proper
conditioning requires either a bottom
up circulation and/or the following
criteria must be met:
No indication of influx of formation
fluids.
The mud density in and out should not
differ more than 0.024 gm/cc (0.2
ppg.) in open hole. In cased hole there
should not be any difference in density
of mud.
A trip tank with calibrated marking
should be lined up with well bore for
continuous fill up. It should be filled
up, functional tested, calibrated on the
rig floor and clearly visible from driller's
position.
Trip sheet should be ready for use
while tripping ( Annexure - Vll )
Suitable rated working pressure lower
Kelly cock/Full opening safety valve
and
Inside BOP
with proper
connection to fit all drill pipe and BHA
connections must be available on the

rig floor. They should be kept ready in
'open' position for use with proper
fittings and handling devices. FOSV
should be opened full bore with 900
movement. The closing / opening
wrench must be readily available at rig
floor.
VI. Pipe wiper should be on the rig floor for
installation in case of drilling is carried
out with heavy mud.
VII. Mud Bucket - Should be kept ready and
in good working condition.
iv
PULLING OUT SPEED

Pulling out
speed in open hole
should be slow enough to prevent
swabbing.
v)
INSTALLATION OF SAFETY VALVE

Any time a trip is interrupted, Full
opening safety valve/Inside BOP
should be installed on the drill string.
4.3.3
WHILE RUNNING IN
Trip
tank volume
should
be
monitored
Circulation should be given to break
gelation of mud prior to entering open
hole in deep wells/where heavy mud is
used.
With a float valve in the string, drill pipe
should be filled up intermittently.
4.3.4
WHILE RUNNING IN CASING/ LINER

During running in of casing pipe or
liner, monitor hole behavior and fill up
schedule of casing pipe, liner should
be followed as per the plan and use
clean mud for casing/liner filling.
Running in speed of casing/liner
should be maintained considering
allowable surge pressure.
4.4.0
SHUT IN PROCEDURE ON LAND

AND JACK UP RIGS
I.
II.
4.3.2
I.
DURING PULLING OUT

TRIP TANK
Trip tank volume should be monitored
and same should be recorded in the
trip sheet (Annexure -VII). Intermittent
visual check should be carried out into
the annulus/flow line to ensure proper
intake of mud by the well.
II. HOLE FILL UP CHECK

If hole is not taking proper amount of
mud (as per trip sheet), stop tripping
and conduct flow check to ensure
whether the well is self flowing. When
the hole is not taking required volume
of mud, run back to the bottom if hole
condition permits and circulate out the
formation fluid entered into the well
bore.
III
FLOW CHECKS
Flow checks should be carried
out at:
a) Just off bottom
b) After pulling out 3-5 stands in open hole
c) At the casing shoe
d) Prior to pulling out of drill collars
through BOP stack
III.
4.4.1
I.
II.
III.
WHILE DRILLING
Stop rotary
Pick up Kelly to clear
tool joint
above rotary table.
Stop mud pump, check for self
flow.
If yes, proceed further to
close
the well by any of the
following
methods for shut in
the well as
shown in table - 1
TABLE - 1
Sl. No.
1.
Open
Soft Shut in
hydraulic control
valve
3
Hard Shut in
Close Blow out Preventer.
(HCR valve) / manual valve on

choke line.
Close Blowout Preventer.
2.
3.
(Preferably Annular Preventer)

Open HCR/Manual valve on choke line
when choke is in fully closed position.
Allow pressure to stabilise and record
SIDPP, SICP and Pit Gain.
Gradually close adjustable

/remotely operated choke,
monitoring casing
pressure.
Allow the pressure to stabilize and
record SIDPP, SICP and Pit gain.
4.
WHILE TRIPPING
Position tool joint above rotary
table
and set pipe on slips.
Install Full
Opening
Safety Valve
(FOSV) in open position on the drill
pipe and close it.
Following methods are recommended
-------------
4.4.2
I.
II.
for shut-in the well as shown in

table 2.
4.4.3
I.
II.
III.
Sl. No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Soft Shut in
Open hydraulic control valve (HCR
valve)/ manual valve on choke line.
Close Blowout Preventer.
Gradually close adjustable/
remotely operated choke,
monitoring casing
pressure.
Make up Kelly and open FOSV
Allow the pressure to stabilize and
record SIDPP, SICP and Pit gain.
V.
4.5
4.5.1
I.
II.
III.
IV.
SHUT IN PROCEDURE ON
FLOATERS (SUB SEA)
VI.
VII.
VIII.
WHILE DRILLING
Stop rotary table.
Raise
Kelly to hang off point
ensuring that lower
Kelly cock is
above rotary table and Kelly is at the
predesignated level so that tool joint
is clear of ram preventers.
Stop mud pump.
Open fail-safe valve on choke line.
IX.
X.
WHEN STRING IS OUT OF HOLE

Close blind/shear ram.
Close adjustable/remotely operated
choke and open HCR
valve.
Record shut in pressure.
TABLE 2
Hard Shut in
Close Blow out Preventer.
Make up Kelly and open FOSV.
Open HCR/Manual valve on choke
line when choke is in fully closed
position.
Allow pressure to stabilize and
record SIDPP, SICP and Pit Gain.
-----Close annular BOP (preferably
upper annular).
Close the adjustable remote choke.
Close the upper pipe rams.
Reduce
hydraulic
pressure
on
annular, hang the string and lock the
rams.
Open annular BOP after bleeding
trapped pressure between annular
and pipe ram BOPS.
Record SIDPP, SICP and Pit
gain.
NOTE: If motion compensator is not installed

or not reliable following steps
should be followed after step no. VI
I.
Set slips and close lower Kelly cock.
Bleed off stand pipe pressure and
break away Kelly above Kelly cock.
II.
Pick up circulating head make up
same above lower Kelly cock, pick
up the string to hang off point and
remove slips. Close the upper pipe
rams
III.
Reduce hydraulic pressure on annular
having the string and lock the rams.
V.
VI.
4.5.2
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
XI.
4.5.3
I.
II.
III.
4.6
4.6.1
DIVERTER SYSTEM SHOULD BE

USED TO CONTROL
SHALLOW GAS KICKS
4.6.2 DURING DRILLING

On observing warning sign of a kick
stop rotary, raise the Kelly until tool
joint is above rotary.
II.
Stop
pumps and check for any
inflow.
III.
Open diverter line valves depending
upon wind direction.
IV.
Close diverter packer.
V.
Circulate out with available drilling
fluid at maximum rate.
I.
Open annular BOP after bleeding

trapped pressure between annular
and pipe ram BOPS.
Open lower Kelly cock.
4.6.3
I.
II.
III.
WHILE TRIPPING
Set slips
below top tool joint.
Install Full
Open Safety Valve
(FOSV) in open position
Close FOSV and open Fail Safe Valve
on Choke line.
Close Annular BOP and adjustable
choke
Calculate the length of the pup
joint to be added and or length of
stick up above rotary table to ensure
that the tool joint is clear off the pipe
ram intended to be closed.
Make up Kelly
Close upper pipe rams
Reduce operating pressure of annular
BOP
Lower drill string and hang off on the
rams.
Open FOSV.
Record SIDP,SICP and Pit gain.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
4.7
4.7.1
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
WHEN STRING IS OUT OF HOLE

Close choke and open Fail Safe
valve on choke line.
SHALLOW GAS CONTROL
PROCEDURE
If shallow gas is expected as per
Geo-Technical
Order/Drilling
programme, then pilot hole should
be drilled.
5
WHILE TRIPPING
Set pipe on slips
Install FOSV and close it
Open diverter line valves depending
upon wind direction
Close diverter packer
Connect Kelly or circulating head
Open FOSV
Circulate out with available
drilling
fluid at maximum rate.
KILL SHEET PREPARATION
The following information should be
pre-recorded for use in kill sheet
preparation.
SLOW CIRCULATION RATE
Record slow circulating rates at 1/3
and 1/2 the pump speed of drilling
SPM at:
the beginning of every shift
any time the mud weight is changed
after drilling 500 feet/150 mtrs. of new
hole
after bit change
after pump repairs
after each trip due to change in BHA,
bit nozzle.
4.7.2
Conduct L.O.T. after drilling out the

casing shoe and additional 2- 3
meter of formation.
4.7.3
Record casing data, BOP pressure

rating, well head pressure rating,
drill string volume, pump data and
annulus volume in the kill sheet

prior to drilling out the casing shoe.
and should not be left in blocked or

neutral position.
All spare operating lines and
connections be properly blocked off
with blind plugs at the hydraulic
operating unit.
All master and remote operating panel
handles either be in the full open or
closed position, and be free to move
into either position.
The shear ram operating handles be
properly protected.
X.
4.7.4
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE
ANNULAR
SURFACE
PRESSURE
(MAASP)
XI.
4.7.5
4.7.6
4.7.7
5.0
5.1
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
Shut in method to be used shall also

be pre-selected in the kill sheet
Rig In-charge should pre-select the
trip margin to be used for direct
circulation after killing the well.
XII.
Distance from rotary table to blowout

preventer be noted and sketch
displayed in dog house and
Toolpusher's office.
XIII.
WELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT

& CONTROL SYSTEM
Ram type BOPS

should be
equipped with manual/auto locks.
XIV. Separate log book of all the BOPS,
Choke manifold and Control unit
should be maintained.
5.2
SELECTION
All the equipment be selected to
withstand the maximum anticipated
surface pressures.
The blow out preventer stack should
have remotely operated equipment
capable of closing the well with or
without the pipe in the hole.
Welded, flanged or hub connections
are only recommended on all
pressure systems above 2000 psi.
In sour gas areas H2S trim equipment
be used.
Kill lines be of minimum 2 inch
nominal size and choke line be of
minimum 3 inch nominal size.
During
drilling
and
workover
operations, blind or blind-shear ram
be provided in BOP stack.
Closing systems of surface BOPS be
capable of closing each ram
preventer and Annular preventer up
to 18.3/4 size within 30 seconds
and annular preventers above
18.3/4 size within 45 seconds.
Closing systems of sub-sea BOPS be
capable of closing each ram
preventer within 45 seconds and
annular
preventers
within
60
seconds.
All 4 way valves be either in the fully
closed or open position as required
5.3
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
5.3.1
I.
II.
III.
IV.
SURFACE BLOW OUT

PREVENTION EQUIPMENT
Surface
blow
out
prevention
equipment is used on land
operations and operations where the
well head is above the water level.
CLASSIFICATION OF
CONTROL EQUIPMENT
2000 psi WP
3000 psi WP
5000 psi WP
10000 psi WP
15000 and 20,000 psi WP
WELL
REQUIREMENTS FOR 2000 PSI

WP BOP STACK *
One annular preventer during drilling
for surface casing only .During
further drilling double
ram
preventer (one equipped with correct
size pipe rams, the other with blind
rams) or one annular preventer and
a ram type preventer.
One full opening drilling spool with two
minimum 3" bore side outlets.
The BOP stack should have kill and
choke lines. Each line should have
minimum one gate valve.
When the BOP stack consists of a
double ram type preventer with
proper size of side outlets, the kill
and choke lines may be connected
to the side outlets of the lower

preventer. In that case the drilling
spool may be dispensed with.
*Refer Annexure-I
5.3.2
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
5.3.3
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
REQUIREMENTS FOR 3000 PSI &

5000 PSI WP BOP STACK *
One annular preventer with a working
pressure of 3000/5000 psi.
One double, or two single ram type
preventers one of which be
equipped with correct size pipe rams
(either fixed or variable) the other
with blind or blind shear ram.
minimum 3 inch bore side outlets.
Kill & choke lines.
Kill line should have two gate valves
Choke line should have two gate
valves for 5000 PSI WP stack out of
which one valve should be
preferably hydraulically operated.
When the bottom ram preventer is
equipped with proper size side
outlets, the kill and choke lines may
be connected to the side outlets of
the bottom preventer. In that case
the drilling spool may be dispensed
with.
*Refer Annexure-II

valve one of which should be
hydraulically operated.
*Refer Annexure-III.
5.3.4
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
REQUIREMENTS FOR 10000 PSI

WP BOP STACK *
pressure of 5000/10000 psi.
Three single, or one double and one
single ram type preventers, one of
which be equipped with blind shear
rams and the other two with correct
size pipe rams. Variable ram can
also be used in one of the ram
preventer.
minimum 3 inch bore side outlets.
equipped with outlets of the proper
size, the kill and choke lines may be
connected to these side outlets and
in that case the drilling spool may be
dispensed with.
choke lines
Kill line should have two gate valves.
5.4
I.
REQUIREMENTS FOR 15000 AND

20000 PSI WP BOP STACK *
pressure of 15000 psi or 10000 psi.
Three single or one double and one
single ram type preventers, one of
which be equipped with blind shear
ram and the other two with the
correct size pipe rams. Variable ram
can also be used in one of the ram
preventer.
minimum 3 inch bore size side
outlets.
equipped with side outlets of the
proper size, the kill and choke lines
be connected to these side outlets
and in that case drilling spool may
be dispensed with.
choke lines
Kill line should have two gate valves.
valve one of which should be
hydraulically operated.
*Refer Annexure-III
CONTROL
SYSTEM
FOR
SURFACE BOP STACKS
One
independent
automatic
accumulator unit rated for 3000 psi
WP with a control manifold, clearly
showing open and closed positions
for preventers and the hydraulic
operated kill/choke line valves. BOP
operating unit be equipped with two
regulator valves, one for manifold
and another for annular. Minimum
useable
fluid
stored
in
the
accumulator should be equal to
closing volume of all the BOPS and
opening volume of all the HCR
valves in the BOP stack with a 50%
reserve. The unit should include
minimum one electrically driven
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
5.5
charging pump and an air driven

pump for charging the accumulators.
The BOP Control unit pump should be
capable of closing Annular BOP and
opening of HCR valve and get 200
psi above accumulator pressure
within two minutes without using
accumulator.
The unit be located in a safe area
minimum 30 mtrs. away from well
center.
All BOP stack installations should
have two remote control panels,
each one clearly showing open and
closed positions for each preventer
and the remote operated choke line
valves. Each of these panels should
include a master shut off valve. One
panel should be located near to the
driller's console, the other panel to
be located near the rig supervisor's
office.
Remote control panels should have
light indicators to show open/close
position of each BOPS and
Hydraulically operated choke and kill
valves.
Minimum 1 inch high pressure steel
lines/fire resistant control hoses
having a working pressure of 3000
psi should be used.
5.5.1
I.
II.
III.
IV.
ELEMENTS OF SUB SEA BLOW

OUT PREVENTION EQUIPMENT
The under water BOP equipment
should comprise either a single
stack or a two stack system. The
single stack system may be
preferred.
The single stack system consists of
one large bore BOP stack (16.3/4 or
18.3/4 ) with a working pressure of
10000 psi or 15000 psi.
The
configuration of this stack is shown
in Annexure-VI.
The two stack system consists of a
2000 psi WP large bore BOP stack
( 20.3/4 or 21.1/4 ) and a smaller
bore stack (13.5/8 inch) with working
pressure sufficient to meet the
maximum
anticipated
surface
pressure.
V.
VI.
VII.
SINGLE STACK SYSTEM

A single stack system built into a
guide frame with lifting attachment
shall, regardless of the rated working
pressure, contain the following:
Riser adapter.
Flexible joint.
Two annular preventers with a
hydraulic connector in between with
its female reccepticle upwards and
male end facing downwards. It is
acceptable to have a 5000 psi WP
annular preventer on a 10000 psi
WP BOP stack, and a 10000 psi WP
WP BOP stack.
Four ram type preventers all equipped
with ram locks.
One of the
preventers to be equipped with
blind/shear rams and the other three
with the correct size pipe ram out of
which one may be variable bore
ram.
At least one pipe ram
preventer should be available below
the blind shear ram. Each preventer
shall have two minimum 3 inch bore
side outlets rated to the same
working pressure as the ram
preventer. At least one side outlet of
each preventer should be fitted with
two fail safe valves each for
connection with the kill and choke
lines. The remainder of the side
outlets shall be blinded. Refer
Annexure-IV
The female part of the lower hydraulic
connector.
Two hydraulic or electro hydraulic
control pods each with 100%
redundancy and provided with
remote control pressure regulators.
The BOP stack should be built with a
guide frame, provided with a lifting
attachment. Refer Annexure -IV
(Figure- 8)
5.5.2
TWO STACK SYSTEM

A two stack system contains a
large bore and a small bore stack.
5.5.3
LARGE BORE STACK

The 2000 psi WP stack should
contain:
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
5.5.4
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
The male part of the upper hydraulic

connector
One annular preventer
Two ram type preventers both
equipped with ram locks, one
preventer to be equipped with proper
size pipe ram.
Each ram type
preventers
should
have
two
minimum 3 inch bore side outlets
fitted with two fail safe valves each
for connection with the kill and choke
lines. The remainder of the side
outlets should be blanked off.
Two hydraulic or electro-hydraulic
redundancy and provided with
The BOP stack should be built into a
attachment. Refer Annexure V
( Figure 9 &10)
be blanked off. Refer Annexure-VI

( Fig-11)
Female part of Hydraulic connector
compatible to well head used.
redundancy and
provided with
The BOP stack should be built into a
attachment.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
5.6
I.
SMALL BORE STACK

The small bore stack should,
regardless of the working pressure,
contain the following:
A riser adapter
Flexible joint
One
annular
preventer.
It
is
acceptable to have a 5000 psi WP
annular preventer on 10000 WP
BOP stack or a 10000 psi WP
WP BOP stack.
Female part of Hydraulic connector.
The male part of hydraulic connector.
Four ram preventers with ram locks.
One preventer to be equipped with
blind shear rams and three
preventers with proper size pipe
rams out of which one may be
variable bore rams (VBRs). At least
one pipe ram preventer should be
available below the blind shear ram.
Each ram type preventer below the
blind shear rams should have two 3
inch bore side outlets rated to the
same working pressure as the ram
preventer. One side outlet of each
preventer should be fitted with two
fail safe valves each for connection
with the kill and choke lines. The
remainder of the side outlets should
II.
III.
IV.
CONTROL SYSTEM FOR SUB

SEA BOP STACK
In under water operations, BOP
operating and control equipment
shall include:
An
independent
automatic
accumulator unit rated for 3000 psi
WP for use with the sub sea BOP
control system complete with a
soluble oil/water reservoir and
automatic mixing system for soluble
oil/water.
The accumulator capacity should be
adequate depending on the make of
BOP used for closing and opening
all ram type preventers and annular
preventers
without
recharging
accumulator bottles. The unit should
include minimum one electrically
driven charging pump and two air
driven pumps for charging the
accumulators. The unit should also
be fitted with pressure regulator and
be located in a safe area away from
the drill floor and the spider deck /
moon pool.
Part of the accumulators may be
installed on the BOP stack for
quicker response of the functions,
and for operation via an acoustic
control.
Two remote control panels, each one
clearly showing open and close
positions for all under water
functions. When a two stack system
is used, each panel should contain
an overlay, clearly showing all
functions and provided with controls
for the 2000 psi WP BOP stack.
One panel must be located near the
driller's console. The other panel to
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
be located at the toolpusher's office.

A flow meter for indicating control
fluid flow should be located on each
remote control panel.
The panels should be connected to
the control manifold in such away
that all functions can be operated
independently from each panel.
cable and/or hose system providing
100% redundancy of control for all
functions of the BOP stack.
The nature of the interconnection
between
the
surface
control
equipment and the underwater BOP
stack depends upon the type of
control system.
For the direct
hydraulic
and
pilot
operated
hydraulic
systems,
integrated
multiple hose bundles should be
used. For electro-hydraulic systems
the electrical interconnections may
be
combined
into
integrated
umbilical cable bundles. Alternately
the hydraulic hose can be handled
separately. The original total lengths
of the flexible control cables and
hoses should be 300 feet longer
than the maximum water depth for
which the system is designed.
An emergency control system, known
as acoustic system, can be used in
the event that the BOP functions are
inoperative due to a failure of the
control system to close at least one
ram type preventer, blind shear ram
and to open Lower Marine Riser
Package
(LMRP)
hydraulic
connector.
The accumulator bottles on the BOP
stack should be fitted with non return
valves
to
prevent
accidental
dumping.
Minimum useable fluid stored in the
accumulator should be equal to
open and closed volume of all the
BOPS in the BOP stack with a 50%
reserve.
The control system of BOP stack
should be capable of unlatching the
LMRP in less than 45 seconds.
5.7
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
10
DIVERTER EQUIPMENT
SPECIFICATIONS
Flow restrictions in diverter systems
should be avoided to prevent
formation breakdown and cratering
of the well in case of a shallow gas
blowout.
Nominal diameter of DIVERTER outlet
lines should not be less than 6
inches when two diverter outlet lines
are used and in case of one outlet,
line size should not be less than 8
inches.
The equipment should be selected to
withstand the max. anticipated
surface pressures.
Diverter lines should be straight as far
as possible, properly anchored at
the end of the lines and sloping
down to avoid blockage of the lines
with cuttings etc.
The diverter and mud return lines
should be separate lines.
Diverter valves should be full opening
type either pneumatic or hydraulic.
The diverter control system should
preferably be self contained or may
be an integral part of the BOP
accumulator unit and control system.
It should be located in a safe area.
When a surface diverter system and a
sub-sea BOP stack are used, two
separate
control/
accumulator
systems are required. This will allow
the BOPS to be operated and the
riser disconnected in case the
diverter
control
system
gets
damaged and looses pressure. The
diverter control system should be
capable of operating the diverter
system from two or more locations,
one to be located near the driller's
console.
At least 1 inch hydraulic line should be
used for operating diverter systems.
All spare operating lines of the control
system and connections which are
not used should be properly plugged
off.
Control systems of diverters should be
capable of closing the diverter within
30 seconds and simultaneously
opening the valve in the diverter

lines.
Telescopic/slip joints (in case of
floating rigs) should be incorporated
with double seals, to improve the
sealing capability when gas has to
be circulated out of the marine riser.
XI.
6.0
I.
II.
5.8
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENT OF
BLOWOUT PREVENTION
EQUIPMENT FOR WORKOVER
RIG OPERATING ON LAND
One double or two single ram type
preventors one of which must be
equipped
with
correct
size
pipe/tubing rams, the other with
blind or shear ram.
Working
pressure rating of BOP stack should
exceed anticipated surface pressure.
Kill line should be of minimum 2 inch
size.
One
independent
automatic
accumulator unit with a control
manifold clearly showing open and
closed positions for preventor(s) to
be provided.
The accumulator
capacity should be adequate for
closing all the preventors without
recharging accumulators. The unit
should be located in a safe area
minimum 30 mtrs. away from the
well center.
The BOP stack should have remote
control panel clearly showing open
and closed positions for each
preventor. This Control Panel should
be located near to the drillers
position.
Trip tank should be installed on
workover rig deployed for servicing
of high pressure/ gas wells for
continuous fill up and monitoring the
hole during round trips. Indicator to
monitor tank level can be either
mechanical or digital and clearly
visible to driller.
To control the flow activity through
tubing/drill pipe during tripping a
device like inside BOP/Kelly cock /
NRV with matching thread of tubular
being handled should always be
available at the derrick floor.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
XI.
XII.
XIII.
11
INSTALLATION REQUIREMENT
FOR WELLHEAD & BOP
EQUIPMENT
Wellhead equipment should withstand
anticipated surface pressures and
allow for future remedial operations.
When ram type preventers are
installed the side outlets should be
below the rams.
All connections, valves, fittings, piping
etc. exposed to well pressure,
should be flanged or clamped or
welded and must have a minimum
working pressure equal to the rated
working pressure of the preventers.
Always install new and clean API ring
gaskets. Check for any damage in
the ring as well as grooves before
use.
All correct size bolts/nuts and fittings
should be used and tightened to the
recommended
torque.
All
connections should be pressure
tested before drilling is resumed.
All manually operated valves should
be equipped with hand wheels, and
always be kept ready for use.
Ram type preventers on surface BOP
stack should be installed with
extension rods and hand wheels
connected and be ready for use.
BOP equipment should be function
tested and pressure tested, when
installed and at the appropriate time
during operations to determine that
BOP functions properly.
The toolpusher/ DIC/ Drill site in
charge should inspect and approve
BOP installation and testing.
Wellhead side-outlets should not be
used for killing purpose, except in
case of emergencies.
Kill lines shall not be used for routine
fill up operations.
Choke lines shall be as straight as
practicable and firmly anchored to
prevent excessive whip or vibration.
Ensure that the instructions of the
BOP operating manual of the
manufacturer's are followed and no
alterations are made to the BOP
XIV.
XV.
XVI.
6.1
6.1.1
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
equipment without consulting the

manufacturer.
Before running in of casing, blowout
preventer must be fitted with correct
casing size of rams and BOP stack
to be pressure tested.
All sharp bends in high pressure
lines should be of targeted type.
Block diagram of BOP stack and
Diverter should be displayed on the
derrick floor.
exceed 45 seconds for all ram

preventers and 60 seconds
for
annular preventers.
Function test should be carried out
alternately from main control unit/ rig
floor panel/auxiliary panel.
Record final accumulator pressure
after all the functions. It should not
be less than 1200 psi or 200 psi
above the precharge pressure of
accumulator bottles , (whichever is
maximum).
All the gate valves and blow out
preventers should be returned to
their
original
position
before
resuming operations.
All the results should be recorded in
the prescribed format (AnnexureVIII).
X.
XI.
BLOW OUT PREVENTER TEST
XII.
FUNCTION TEST
Blowout preventer function test should
be performed on each round trip (but
not more than once per day) or once
a week whichever is earlier.
The test should be conducted when
the drill string is inside casing.
Test should be conducted after
installing FOSV/Inside BOP on drill
string.
Both pneumatic and electric pump of
accumulator unit should be turned
off after recording initial accumulator
pressure.
All the ram preventers (except blind or
blind shear ram) and hydraulically
operated remote valve (HCR) in
choke/kill line should be function
tested and closing time should be
recorded.
Annular preventers should be tested
once a week. Closing of Annular
preventer while string is out of hole
should be avoided.
Blind ram should be operated for
function test while string is out of
hole.
Weekly/on each trip function test is
not required for blind shear ram. As
a minimum these rams should be
tested after casing string has been
set.
For surface BOP stack closing time
should not exceed 30 seconds for all
ram
preventers
and
annular
preventers smaller than 18.3/4" and
45 seconds for annular preventer of
18.3/4" and larger size. For sub-sea
BOP stack closing time should not
XIII.
6.1.2
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
6.1.3
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
6.1.4
I.
II.
12
PRESSURE TESTING
Test BOP using cup tester or test plug.
Clear water should be used as test
fluid.
High pressure testing unit with
pressure chart recorder be used for
pressure testing.
Use Test stump for sub-sea BOP
stack.
However for high pressure gas wells,
use of inert gas such as N 2
(nitrogen) as test fluid is desirable.
FREQUENCY OF PRESSURE
TEST
BOP stack should be pressure
tested
When installed.
After setting each casing string.
Prior to entry into a transition zone.
Following repairs that require breaking
a pressure connection.
But not less than once every 21 days.
LOW PRESSURE TEST
All the blowout preventers and
hydraulically operated valves should
be pressure tested at 200-300 psi.
Pressure test should be conducted on
each component for at least three
minutes.
III.
The pipe used for testing should be of

sufficient weight and grade to safely
withstand tensile, yield, collapse, or
internal pressures.
6.1.5
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
HIGH PRESSURE TEST

Once the equipment passes the low
pressure test, it should be tested to
high pressure.
On installation, blowout preventer
stack, manifold, valves etc., should
be pressure tested at the rated
working pressure of the preventer
stack or wellhead or 80% burst
rating of upper part of casing string
whichever is less.
On subsequent tests the BOP stack
should be tested to at least 70% of
the preventer rated working pressure
but limited to the least of the rated
working pressure of the well head
and 70% of the minimum yield
pressure of the upper part of casing
string. However in no case the test
pressure should be less than the
expected surface pressure.
An
exception is the annular preventer
which should be tested to 50% of its
rated pressure to minimise pack off
element wear or damage.
Precaution should be taken not to
expose the casing to pressures in
excess of its rated strength. A means
should be provided to prevent
pressure build up on the casing in
the event the test tool leaks (well
head valve should be kept open
when pressure testing with test
plug).
Conduct high pressure test for entire
blowout preventer stack, all choke
manifold components, upstream of
chokes, Kelly valves, drill pipe and
tubing safety valves and drilling
spools (if in use) for at least three
minutes. All the results should be
recorded in the format. ( Annexure IX )
Pressure should be applied from the
direction in which all the BOPS,
choke and kill manifold, FOSV /
Kelly cock etc. would experience
pressure during kick.
7.0
CHOKE & KILL MANIFOLD
7.1
CHOKE MANIFOLD
7.1.1
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
XI.
13
RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES
All the connections and valves in the
upstream of choke, should have a
working pressure at least equal to
the rated working pressure of
blowout preventer in use.
For working pressure of 3000 psi and
above, flanged, welded or clamped
connections should be used on the
component
subjected
to
well
pressure.
Line size of upstream of chokes
should be of minimum 3 inches
nominal diameter.
Line size of downstream of chokes
should be of minimum 3 inches
nominal diameter.
For high volumes and air or gas
drilling operations, 4 inches nominal
diameter lines are recommended.
In down stream of choke line alternate
flow and flare routes should be
provided so that eroded/ plugged or
malfunctioning parts can be isolated
for repair without interrupting flow.
The bleed line should be at least
equal in diameter to the choke line.
When buffer tanks are employed in
down stream of chokes, provision
should be made to isolate a failure
or
malfunctioning
without
interrupting flow.
The choke manifold should be placed
in a readily accessible location,
preferably outside of the rig
structure.
The lines in the manifold should be as
straight as practicable and be firmly
anchored to prevent excessive whip
or vibration.
All the choke manifold valves should
be full opening and designed to
operate in high pressure gas and
drilling fluid service.
A decrease of one pressure rating
may be considered for valves and
buffer tanks in down stream of choke
i.e. 5000 psi down to 3000 psi,

10000 psi down to 5000 psi etc.
Choke manifold should be pressure
tested on the same schedule as
employed for blowout preventer
stack in use.
The spare parts for equipment subject
to wear or damage should be readily
available.
7.1.2
I.
II.
III.
IV.
7.1.3
I.
II.
III.
IV.
7.2
7.2.1
I.
II.
III.
IV.
8.0
8.1
a)
b)
INSTALLATION UPTO 5000PSI

WP
The
following
are
the
recommendations:
Use two manually operated adjustable
choke (use of one remotely operated
choke is optional).
At least one valve should be installed
in upstream of each choke.
When buffer tank is used one valve
should be installed down stream of
each choke.
Bleed line should be provided with at
least one valve.
c)
d)
e)
INSTALLATION OF 10000
PSI
WP AND ABOVE
The
following
are
the
recommendations:
One manually operated adjustable
choke and at least one remotely
operated choke should be installed,
if prolonged use of this choke is
anticipated, a second remotely
operated choke should be used.
Two valves
should be installed in
upstream of each choke.
When buffer tank is used, one valve
should be installed in down stream
of each choke.
Bleed line should be provided with at
least two valve.
KILL MANIFOLD
f)
Use of check valve is optional in

drilling pump line.
DRILLS AND TRAINING

BOP DRILLS
BOP drills should be conducted once
a week with each crew.
Drill
should
be
initiated
at
unscheduled times when operations
and hole condition permits.
To conduct drill a kick should be
simulated by manipulating primary
kick indicator such as the pit level
indicator or the flow line indicator by
raising its float gradually and
checking for the alarm.
The reaction time from float raising to
the designated crew member's
readiness to start the closing
procedure should be recorded and
response time should not be more
than 60 seconds.
Total time taken to complete the drill
should be recorded and it should not
be more than 2 minutes.
Following drills should be performed:
ON BOTTOM DRILL
TRIP DRILL
DRILL COLLAR IN BLOWOUT
PREVENTER DRILL
STRING OUT OF THE HOLE
DRILL
8.1.1 SHUT IN PROCEDURE FOR BOP
DRILLS
I.
Raise the float gradually
II.
Check and see change in pit volume
totaliser reading and detection of pit
gain.
III.
Check for alarm.
8.1.2
RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES
Line size should be minimum 2 inches
nominal diameter.
Use of check valve is optional up to
3000 psi pressure rating manifold.
One check valve should be used in
remote kill line in 5000 psi and
above pressure rating manifold.
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
14
CONDITION-I: ON BOTTOM DRILL

(WHILE DRILLING )
Give signal by raising alarm
Stop rotary
Pick-up Kelly to clear tool joint above
rotary
Stop mud pump
Lock the brake securely
Check for well flow
On bottom drill should be carried out
only to the point of drillers
recognition, signaled by raising the

Kelly and pump shutdown. This is to
avoid danger of stuck-up.
8.1.3
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
8.1.4
I.
II.
8.1.6
VIII.
Note:
Under actual kick conditions (other

than drills) if only one stand of drill
collar remained in the hole it would
be probably faster to simply pull the
last stand and close the blind ram.
8.1.5
CONDITION - IV: STRING IS OUT

OF HOLE DRILL
Give signal by raising alarm.
Close adjustable choke and open
HCR valve.
I.
II.
III.
IV.
POSITIONING OF CREW
After hearing alarm, crew will be positioned as follows:
Rig mechanic / Mechanical Incharge

Pump fitter
Electrician
Roustabouts/Jugalies
Mud Chemist
Geologist
II.
VII.
CONDITION-III: COLLAR IN
BLOWOUT PREVENTER DRILL
Position upper drill collar box at rotary
table and set it on slips.
Derrick man/Topman(1)
Derrick man/Topman(2)
Rigman / floormen
8.2
Connect a drill pipe joint or stand of

drill pipe on drill collar tool joint with
change over sub and run in the hole.
Connect FOSV and close it.
Close blowout preventer on D/P.
Close adjustable choke and open
HCR valve / manual valve of choke
line.
Make up Kelly or circulating head and
open FOSV.
Record SIDPP & SICP.
IV.
V.
VI.
CONDITION - II: TRIP DRILL

(WHILE TRIPPING)
Position tool joint above rotary and set
the pipe on slips
Install full opening safety valve in
open position. Close FOSV after
installation
Close Annular preventer
Close adjustable choke
Open HCR valve
In case there is no HCR valve on
choke line then open mechanical
valve adjacent to drilling spool.
Make up Kelly or circulating head and
open FOSV
Record SIDPP & SICP
Assistant Driller / Headman
I.
III.
Assist driller after following the procedures

shall be ready to handle brake.
At choke manifold.
At pumps
At standpipe manifold and on derrick floor,
keeping in touch with driller.
Near the Engines awaiting directives from
driller
At pumps
Near BOP control unit.
Near mud tanks and pumps
On shale shaker tank
At flow line/mud logging unit
FIRE DRILL
A fire drill should be conducted at least
once in a fortnight.
Drills should be so conducted as to
ensure that crew who could not
participate in a fire drill on one date
III.
15
will participate in the same drill held at

the next date.
On off-shore rigs a drill should include a
mock injury and doctor should be in
attendance.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
8.2.1
I.
II.
III.
IV.
The observer of the fire should

immediately report to driller to sound
alarm (continuous intermittent rings)
and should make an attempt to put out
the fire by applying the nearest
suitable extinguishing agent.
The fire fighting/ rescue team (consists
of six persons) should muster at the
fire station closest to the fire. After
checking type of fire, they should use
appropriate equipment to extinguish
the fire.
However all personnel should be
assigned specific duties to be carried
out in the event of a fire drill and
should be trained in the use of fire
fighting
equipment
as
per
classifications of fire.
Especially in an offshore rig all the other
persons who are not involved in
fighting the fire or critical rig operation
should muster as per the station bill.
Head count should be taken and
reported to the in charge of safety
(Barge Engineer/Captain).
The
Barge
Engineer/Captain
be
responsible for clearly indicating what
additional action would be taken in the
event of a real fire, such as the posting
of a fire watch to guard against
rekindling, restoring of fire fighting
equipment and other necessary topics.
Report of each fire drill should be
prepared
by
In-charge/
Barge
Engineer /Captain and a copy of the
same should also be sent to the base
office.
V.
SAFETY PROCEDURES ON FIRE

FIGHTING
Each crew should be assigned specific
duties to be carried out during a fire
drill and should be trained in the use of
fire fighting equipment.
Each rig should have designated fire
fighting teams.
Each accommodation space should
have a smoke detector.
Fire fighting pumps and stations should
be inspected at intervals not
exceeding seven days. A record of
inspection should be maintained both
on the rig and at the base office.
III.
8.3
TRAINING
For training to drilling crew on "Well
Control" refer OISD Standard-154 &
176.
Assistant Driller, Driller, DIC, Senior
Driller, Area In-charge should receive
training on
well
control
operations from reputed institute at
interval not more than 3 years.
8.4
RELIEF ASSIGNMENTS
Any employee who acts as assigned
relief for another employee with a
higher classification should meet the
requirements of the higher ranking job,
unless such temporary duties are
performed under direct supervision of
a higher classification. Example: In the
event that a Rigman relieves a
Topman /Derrickman in a conventional
rig operation, the Rigman shall be
qualified as a Topman/Derrickman
unless performing these duties under
the direct supervision of the Assistant
Driller or higher one.
9.0
PRECAUTIONS DURING
WORKOVER OPERATIONS
I.
II.
IV.
V.
16
All fires should be reported to the Rig

Manager without delay.
Minimum 1.1/2 times the volume of the

well of kill fluid should be available.
For
killing
the
well
down-hole
communication between tubing and
annulus
(In
case
killing
with
circulation) should be established by
operating sliding sleeve/ mandrel.
In case sliding sleeve/mandrel is not
available or is not operative then the
well may be killed either by puncturing
the tubing or by bull heading. However
enough care should be taken while
puncturing the tubing so as not to
damage the casing.
Pressure below and above packer is
equalised i.e. in case packer is blind
bottom with plug, the same should be
retrieved prior to release of the packer.
After release of the packer the string
should be reciprocated so that the
elements are retracted prior to pull out
of string and it should be ensured that

there is no swabbing action.
10.0
monitor tank level either mechanical or

digital should be installed and clearly
visible to driller. Design of the trip tank
should be such that for every stand of
5 drill pipe pulled out (dry) level of
fluid in the trip tank should drop by 1.
MONITORING INSTRUMENT
-ATION SYSTEM
10.1.1 DRILLERS CONSOLE

Driller's console should have gauges
and meters including drillo-meter, SPM
meters, pump pressure gauge, rotary
torque. The Recordo graph should
also be kept operative
and record parameters like weight,
SPM, pump pressure, rotary torque,
rate of penetration. Drillers console
should be positioned in such a way
that driller can see all the gauges
without any disturbance.
10.2.1. POOR BOY DEGASSER

Poor Boy Degasser to be installed and
connected to the outlet of buffer
chamber of choke manifold. Outlet
from buffer chamber to Poor Boy
Degasser should be of minimum 3"
inside diameter. Vent line should be
away from derrick floor.
10.1.2 MUD FLOW FILL INDICATOR

Mud flow fill indicator should be
installed for return mud flow, mud
pump stroke count and high/low alarm
settings.
11.0
10.2.2 DEGASSER
Degasser should be mounted on shale
shaker tank .
11.1
I.
10.1.3 MUD VOLUME TOTALISER

Mud volume totaliser should be
installed for all the reserve and active
mud tanks to detect mud tank level's
deviation with an accuracy of + - one
barrel. Mud volume totaliser should
have high/low alarm (Visual or Audible
setting).
II.
III.
IV.
10.1.4 PORTABLE GAS DETECTOR

Portable gas detector should always
be available. Gas measurement to be
carried out near the point where the
mud from the well mouth surfaces.
V.
10.1.5 H2S Detector

While drilling in H2S/Sour gas prone
area, detectors must be installed and
breathing apparatus in sufficient
quantity and Cascade System must be
made available. Crew must be trained
to handle situation in this environment.
10.2
TRIP TANK & ITS MONITORING

SYSTEM
Trip tank should be installed on each
rig for continuos fill up and monitoring
the hole during round trips. Indicator to
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
17
DO'S AND DON'TS

DO'S
While drilling, trip margin should be
considered in mud weight to offset
effect
of
equivalent
circulating
density(ECD) as well as swabbing.
While pulling out in open hole, pulling
out speed should be kept to minimum
to avoid swabbing.
Trip tanks must be used to monitor the
hole fill up while pulling out.
Sufficient quantity of mud weighting
materials and chemicals must be
stored to meet any kick situation.
BOP drills must be conducted on rigs
and response time should be recorded
in daily progress report so that drilling
crew may not panic in case of
kick/blowout.
Pressure gauges installed on wellhead,
choke and kill manifolds should be in
working condition and checked
regularly.
During conventional production testing,
well should be perforated in the
equivalent density of fluid which was
used during drilling.
All lines should be properly anchored.
All closing unit control valves be clearly
marked to indicate which type of BOP
or gate valve is to be operated from a
particular control valve.
X.
XI.
XII.
XIII.
XIV.
XV.
XVI.
XVII.
XVIII.
XIX.
XX.
XXI.
XXII.
XXIII.
XXIV.
XXV.
XXVI.
Open, close and neutral positions of XXVII.

In case of wet pulling out, hole should
control valves should clearly be
be filled taking into account total
marked.
volume of drill pipes/drill collars ( steel
All the closing unit control valves should
volume & bore volume of drill pipes/drill
be kept in open position (not in the
collars). Flow checks should be carried
neutral
position)
during
normal
out more frequently during wet pulling
operation.
out.
Control valve that operate the blind or XXVIII.
At least one trained person should be
blind shear ram should be covered to
present on derrick floor to observe well
prevent accidental closure.
for any activity even during shutdown
Recommended oil level should be
period.
maintained in the control unit reservoir. XXIX.
All the flameproof lights and control
Control unit should be located at a place
panels available on the rig should be
which is easily accessible.
kept in order and flameproof features
Annular Preventer should be tested to
maintained.
50% of its rated working pressure or to XXX.
Equipment which are not having
the rated working pressure of stack or
flameproof features should not be kept
wellhead whichever is less.
in Dog house or within hazardous area.
Before pressure testing of BOP stack,
choke and kill manifold should be
11.2
DONT'S
flushed with clean water.
I.
Do not allow fluid level in annulus to
Clean water should be used to test BOP
drop down. Keep it always full.
stack, choke and kill manifold and lines
II.
Never light match sticks in danger zone.
etc.
III.
Do not pull out, if hole does not take
There should always be an NRV/
proper amount of mud.
INSIDE BOP/ FOSV assembly on the
IV.
Do not continue to drill if a drilling break
derrick floor at all times with proper
is encountered. Stop drilling and check
connection to the drill pipe/drill
for well flow. Measure increase in mud
collar/tubing.
pit volume.
Hand control wheels for manually
V.
Do not place the choke manifold under
closing the preventers should be
the sub-structure.
braced.
VI.
Kill lines of choke and kill manifold
After setting the surface casing, check
should not be used as fill up lines.
the alignment of drill string in the casing
VII.
Do
not
use
other
than
the
below the preventers. Make sure the
recommended grade of oil in closing
Kelly does not wear against casing.
unit reservoir.
Use of diesel,
Use a chain or wire-rope of proper
kerosene, motor and chain oil etc. is
capacity for lifting BOP stack.
not permitted.
BOP tackle system should be inspected
VIII.
Never lift the BOP by putting slings on
before lifting BOPS.
the ram shafts which may prevent the
Accumulators should have ample
BOP functioning properly.
closing pressure & adequate volume to
I.
Dont close Diverter before opening
close all preventers without recharging.
valves of outlet lines.
API Ring gaskets should be stored
II.
Do not reuse ring gaskets
properly with air tight wrappings intact
till they are put to use.
Periodical checks should be conducted
at all flanged connections for any
loosening of studs and bolts due to
vibration to which stack is subjected
during drilling operations.
Degasser should be function tested at
least once in a week.
18
12.0
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
REFERENCES
Oil Mines Regulation -1984. DGMS. Dhanbad

Adams Neal J., Drilling
Engineering
RP59, Recommended Practices for Well Control Operations, API, Washington
RP 16E, Recommended Practices for Design of Control Systems for Drilling Well Control Equipment, First
Edition, October 1, 1990 API, Washington
RP53, Recommended Practice for Blow Out Prevention Equipment System for Drilling wells, API, Washington.
Rubia, H., Oil Well Drilling
Moore, P. L. Drilling Practices Manual, The Petroleum Publishing Company, Tulsa.
R.P-64, Recommended Practices for Diverter System Equipment and Operations, First Edition, July1,1991, API
Washington.
API Specs- 16D, Specification for Control Systems for Drilling Well Control Equipment, First Edition March
01, 1993, API Washington
IADC Drilling Manual, 11th Edition, Houston, USA.
Click here to see ANN-I.bmp

Click here to see ANN-II.bmp
Click here to see ANN-III.bmp
Click here to see ann-iv.bmp
Click here to see ANN-V.bmp
Click here to see ANNVI A.bmp
Click here to see ANNVI A.bmp
ANNEXURE-VII
TRIP SHEET
Rig----------------------------------------------- Location-----------------------------------------Date and time--------------------------------- Depth--------------------------------------------Name of shift incharge-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Reason for trip---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Drill pipe stand
No. Of
stand
Theoratical
Vol. in
m3 /bbls
Vol.
Filled in
m3
/bbls
Discrepancy
in m3 /bbls
Remarks
Cumulative
Note
Trip tank
Reading
m3 /bbls
Coloumn 5 - Actual vol. Of drilling fluid taken by hole ( Diff. Of trip tank reading )
Coloumn 6 Diff. Of coloumn 4 and 5
Annexure-VIII
BOP FUNCTION TEST REPORT AND ACCUMULATOR DRILL

RIG
WELL
BOP STACK DETAIL
1.
2.
3.
4.
02.
03.
04.
DATE
PROJECT
Annular BOP
Single & Double ram type BOP
Upper pipe ram size
Lower pipe ram size
DESCRIPTION
S.NO.
01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
06.
:
:
:
:
:
FUNCTION
CLOSED/
OPEN
TIME
Minut
ACCUMULATOR
s INITIAL
PRESSURE
psi
ACCUMULATOR
FINAL
PRESSURE
Psi
REMARKS
Annular preventer
Lower pipe ram
Upper pipe ram
Blind/shear ram
Hyd. Valve on choke line
Hyd. Valve on kill line
01.
Conduct BOP function test/accumulator drill once in a week /every round trip whichever is earlier.
a)
Record initial accumulator pressure
b)
Turn off both electric and pneumatic pumps
c)
Close annular and pipe rams one by one and record time to close each preventer
d)
Open the hydraulic Valve on choke line and kill line
e)
Record the final accumulator pressure after each operations
f)
Turn on electrical/ pneumatic pump and open all the preventer. Record the opening time.
Carry out function test alternatively from rig floor and remote operated panels.
Final accumulator pressure should be not less than 1200 psi or 200 psi above precharge pressure of
accumulator bottles.
Special attention needed to
SIGNATURE
NAME
SHIFT DRILLER
:
:
:
SIGNATURE
NAME
DIC/TOOL PUSHER
Annexure-IX
BOP PRESSURE TEST REPORT
:
:
:
PROJECT :
RIG
TEST FLUID -
WELL NO. :
DATE
TESTING EQUIPMENT-TEST PUMP/CEMENTING UNIT:

S.NO.
TYPE OF BOP
TEST PRESSURE & DURATION

LOW
PRESSURE
psi
01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
06.
07.
08.
09.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Annular BOP
Upper pipe ram (size..)
Lower pipe ram (size.)
Blind ram/shear ram
Choke manifold
Kill manifold
Hyd. Valve on choke line
Hyd. Valve on kill line
HP valves on choke &
kill manifold
Upper Kelly cock
Lower Kelly cock
FOSV
Inside BOP
DURATI
O
N
Minuts
HIGH
PRESSURE
psi
REMARKS
DURATION
Minuts
N.B.
01.
Keep annulus valve open on well head when test plug is used during test & check for any leakage
during BOP testing.
02.
Testing line should be flushed with water before pressurisation.
Special attention needed to
SIGNATURE
NAME
SHIFT DRILLER
:
:
:
SIGNATURE
NAME
DIC/TOOL PUSHER
:
:
:
ANNEXURE-X
KILL SHEET FOR DRILLERS METHOD

WELL NAME:--------------------------------------------------- DATE:-----------------------------------------RIG:----------------------------------------------------------------- AREA/FIELD:-------------------------------CONTRACTOR/COMPANY:-------------------------------- PROJECT/REGION-----------------------
PROCEDURE
1.
IMMEDIATE ACTION
WHEN KICK OCCURS, SHUT-IN THE WELL, ALLOW THE PRESSURES TO
STABILISE & RECORD THE FOLLOWING:
SHUT-IN DRILL PIPE PRESSURE(SIDPP)
SHUT-IN CASING PRESSURE (SICP)
PIT VOLUME INCREASE (PIT GAIN)
2.
ESTABLISH CIRCULATION
-
3.
START PUMP SLOWLY AND ADJUST CHOKE TO HOLD CASING PRESSURE CONSTANT AT SHUT-IN
VALUE TILL PUMP REACHES KILL RATE. HOLD KILL RATE CONSTANT.
ADJUST DRILL PIPE PRESSURE TO INITIAL CIRCULATING PRESSURE (ICP) BY USING
CHOKE AND
RESET THE STROKE COUNTER.
CIRCULATE OUT THE KICK

KEEP DRILL PIPE PRESSURE CONSTANT BY ADJUSTING CHOKE AND CIRCULATE OUT THE KICK
HOLDING KILL RATE CONSTANT.
WHEN THE KICK IS OUT OF HOLE STOP PUMP AND CLOSE CHOKE.
RECORD NEW SICP, IF THE WELL IS FREE OF KICK FLUID THEN SICP & SIDPP WILL BE EQUAL.
NOTE: WHILE CIRCULATING OUT THE KICK IF CASING PRESSURE REACHES

SURFACE PRESSURE
4.
5.
--- PSI
--- PSI
--- BBLS
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE
( MAASP) FOLLOW THE CONTINGENCY PROCEDURE.
ANNULAR
INCREASE DRILLING FLUID DENSITY

CALCULATE THE REQUIRED DRILLING FLUID DENSITY AND INCREASE FLUID DENSITY IN SUCTION
PIT.
CIRCULATE HEAVY DRILLING FLUID

ESTABLISH CIRCULATION WITH HEAVY DRILLING FLUID AS PER ITEM 2.
HOLD KILL RATE CONSTANT AND NEW SICP CONSTANT BY ADJUSTING THE CHOKE.
WHEN HEAVY DRILLING FLUID REACHES BIT, READ & RECORD FINAL DRILLL PIPE CIRCULATING
PRESSURE-------------- PSI.
HOLD FINAL DRILL PIPE CIRCULATING PRESSURE CONSTANT BY VARYING CHOKE.
- AFTER HEAVY DRILLING FLUID REACHES THE SURFACE, SHUT PUMP AND CHECK
FOR FLOW.
KILL SHEET FOR WAIT & WEIGHT METHOD

WELL NAME:--------------------------------------------------- DATE:------------------------------------------
RIG:----------------------------------------------------------------- AREA/FIELD:-------------------------------CONTRACTOR/COMPANY:-------------------------------- PROJECT/REGION-----------------------
PROCEDURE
1.
IMMEDIATE ACTION
WHEN KICK OCCURS, SHUT-IN THE WELL, ALLOW THE PRESSURES TO
2.
3.
4.
5.
----- PSI
----- PSI
----- BBLS

CALCULATE THE REQUIRED DRILLING FLUID DENSITY AND INCREASE FLUID DENSITY IN
SUCTION PIT.
DURING WEIGHING IF DRILL PIPE PRESSURE INCREASES, REDUCE IT TO INITIAL STABLISED VALUE
BY BLEEDING THROUGH CHOKE.
PREPARE DRILL PIPE PRESSURE SCHEDULE

CALCULATE INITIAL CIRCULATING PRESSURE (ICP), FINAL CIRCULATING PRESSURE(FCP) AND
TOTAL STROKES FROM SURFACE TO BIT.
CALCULATE & TABULATE DRILL PIPE PRESSURE REDUCTION SCHEDULE FROM ICP TO FCP FOR
EACH 50 OR 100 STROKES PUMPED INTO STRING AND PLOT PRESSURE V/S STROKES/TIME ON
GRAPH PAPER.
START PUMP SLOWLY AND ADJUST CHOKE TO HOLD CASING PRESSURE CONSTANT AT SHUT-IN
VALUE TILL PUMP REACHES KILL RATE. HOLD KILL RATE CONSTANT.
ADJUST DRILL PIPE PRESSURE TO INITIAL CIRCULATING PRESSURE (ICP) BY USING CHOKE AND

MAINTAIN DRILL PIPE PRESSURE USING CHOKE TO THE VALUE RECORDED AT STROKES/TIME
SHOWN ON THE DRILL PIPE PRESSURE SCHEDULE.
WHEN HEAVY DRILLING FLUID REACHES BIT, HOLD DRILL PIPE PRESSURE CONSTANT AT FCP
VALUE BY VARYING CHOKE.
AFTER HEAVY DRILLING FLUID REACHES SURFACE STOP PUMP AND CHECK FOR FLOW.
NOTE: WHILE CIRCULATING OUT THE KICK, IF CASING PRESSURE REACHES MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE
ANNULAR SURFACE PRESSURE (MAASP), FOLLOW THE CONTINGENCY PROCDURE
Surface BOP Kill Sheet ( Vertical Well )
API Unit
Formation Strength Data:
Current Well Data :
Surface Leak-off Pressure
(A)
psi
Mud Weight
(B)
ppg
Mud data:
Mud
Weight
Maximum Allowable Mud Weight

(A)
(B) +
Shoe True Vertical Depth x 0.052
( C)
ppg
ppg
Initial MAASP
Casing Shoe Data:
{(C) Current Mud Weight} x Shoe TVD x 0.052

=
psi
Size
in.
M.D.
ft.
Pump No.1
Pump No.2
Displacement
Displacement
bbls /stroke
bbls / stroke
Slow
Dynamic Pressure Loss ( PL)
Pump
Rate Data
Pump No. 1
Pump No. 2
Spm
Spm
Pre-Volume Data:
Drill Pipe
Heavy Wall Drill Pipe
Drill Collars
Drill String Volume
DC x Open Hole
DP / HWDP x Open Hole
Open Hole Volume
Length
Ft.
x
x
x
Capacity
Bbls/ft.
=
=
=
Hole Data:
Size
in.
M.D.
ft.
T.V.D.
ft.
Volume
Bbls
Pump Strokes
Volume
(D)
x
x
bbl
bbl
stks
min
(G)
bbl
stks
Min
bbl
stks
stks
min
min
Total Annulus Volume

Total Well System Volume
(F +G ) =( H )
( D+H ) = ( I )
SICP
Slow Pump Rate

min
(F)
psi
Pump Displacement
(E)
stks
Time
minutes
Pump Strokes
=
=
=
DP x Casing
Kick Data
SIDPP
ft.
T.V.D.
bbl
psi
Pit Gain
bbls
SIDPP
Current Mud Weight + ----------------TVD X 0.052
ppg
SIDPP
Current Mud Gradient + ----------------TVD
psi
Initial Circulating
Pressure
ICP
Dynamic Pressure Loss + SIDPP
psi
Final Circulating
Pressure
FCP
Kill Mud Weight

------------------------- x Dynamic Pressure Loss
Current Mud Weight
psi
Final Circulating
Pressure
FCP
Kill Mud Gradient

------------------------- x Dynamic Pressure Loss
Current Mud Gradient
psi
Kill Mud Weight

KMW
Kill Mud Gradient
KMG
( K ) = ICP FCP
Strokes
Pressure
psi
( K ) x 100
------------------ =
( E)
psi / 100 strokes
Static & Dynamic

Drill Pipe Pr.( psi)
P
r
e
s
s
u
r
e
Strokes
Surface BOP Kill Sheet ( Deviated Well )
API Units
CURRENT WELL DATA:
FORMATION STRENGTH DATA:

Surface Leak off Pressure
( A)
Mud Data:
M Weight
( OMW )
psi
Mud Weight
(B)
ppg
Max. Allowable Mud Weight =

( A)
B + ---------------------------------- =
Shoe TVD x 0.052
(C)
Deviation Data:
ppg
Pump No.1 Disp

Pump No. 1 Displacement
PumpNo.2 Displacement
Bbl/stroke
Bbl/strokes
( PL ) Dynamic Pressure Loss
KOP M.D.
KOP T.V.D
ft.
ft.
EOB M.D.
EOB T.V.D
ft.
ft.
Casing Shoe Data:

Size
M. Depth
T.V. Depth
DC x Open Hole
Open Hole Volume
x
x
DP x Casing
in.
ft.
ft.
Hole Data:
Size
M. Depth
T.V. Depth
Pump No.1
Pump No. 2
spm
psi
psi
spm
psi
psi
Length
Capacity
Pre recorded
( ft. )
( bbl/ft. )
Volume Data
DP Surface to KOP
x
DP- KOP to EOB
x
DP- EOB to BHA
x
Heavy Weight Drill Pipe
x
Drill Collar
x
Drill String Volume

KOP
EOB
INITIAL MAASP =
{(C) - Current MW } x shoe TVD x 0.052
=
psi
Slow Pump
Rate Data
ppg
in.
ft.
ft.
Volume
( bbl )
(D)
bbl
Pump Strokes
(stks )
(L)
stks
(M)
stks
(N1)
stks
(N2)
stks
(N3)
stks
stks
(F)
bbl
stks
min
= (G)
bbl
stks
min
bbl
stks
stks
min
min
=
=
=
=
=
Time
minutes
min
=
=
( F +G ) = ( H )
( D +H ) = ( I )
D-1
API Unit
Kick Data:
SIDPP
psi
Kill Mud Weight

KMW
SICP
psi
Pit Gain
SIDPP
Current Mud Weight + -------------------0.052 x TVD
+ ----------------- =
bbl
..ppg
Initial Circulation Pressure

ICP

.. + =
Final Circulating
Pressure
Kill Mud Weight

-------------------------- x Dynamic Pressure Loss
Current Mud Weight
. x ------------------------ =
psi
FCP
..psi
Dynamic Pressure Loss

at KOP ( O )
KOP MD
PL+ (FCP-PL) x -------TDMD
Remaining SIDPP at
KOP ( P )
SIDPP [ ( KMW OMW ) x 0.052 x KOP TVD ]

= . [ ( . - ) x 0.052 x . ] = psi
Circulating Pressure
at KOP ( KOP CP )
( O ) + ( P ) = .. + =
Dynamic Pressure Loss

at EOB ( R )
Remaining SIDPP at
EOB ( S )
= ..+[ ( .. - .) x - -------] = psi
psi
PL + (FCP PL) x EOB MD = .+ [ (.. ..- ..) x ----------]

TD MD
= psi
SIDPP [ ( KMD OMD ) x 0.052 x EOB TVD ]
= . [ ( . - . ) x 0.052 x ] = .. psi
Circulating Pressure at
EOB ( EOBCP )
( R ) + ( S ) = + . =
D-2
...psi
API Unit
(T) = ICP KOPCP = .. - . = ..psi
(T) x 100 =
( L)
x 100 = psi per100 strokes
(U)= KOPCP EOBCP=.- .= . psi
(U) x 100 =
(M)
x 100 = .. psi per100 strokes
(W)= EOBCP FCP = . - = ..psi
Strokes
Pressure
(W) x 100 =
(N1+N2+N3)
Static & Dynamic

P
r
e
s
s
u
r
e
Strokes
D-3
x 100 =
psi per 100 strokes
KILL SHEET (SUB SEA) FOR DRILLERS METHOD

PROCEDURE
1.
IMMEDIATE ACTION
WHEN KICK OCCURS, SHUT-IN THE WELL: HANG OF STRING, ALLOW THE
2.
PRESSURES TO
--- PSI
--- PSI
--- BBLS
-
3.
START PUMP SLOWLY AND ADJUST CHOKE TO ALLOW CASING PRESSURE AT CHOKE MANIFOLD TO
DROP BY AN AMOUNT EQUAL TO CHOKE LINE FRICTION OR HOLD KILL LINE PRESSURE CONSTANT
AT SHUT-IN VALUE TILL PUMP REACHES KILL RATE. HOLD KILL RATE CONSTANT.
ADJUST DRILL PIPE PRESSURE TO INITIAL CIRCULATING PRESSURE (ICP)
BY USING CHOKE AND RESET THE STROKE COUNTER.
CIRCULATE OUT THE KICK

KEEP DRILL PIPE PRESSURE CONSTANT BY ADJUSTING CHOKE AND CIRCULATE OUT THE KICK
HOLDING KILL RATE CONSTANT.
WHEN THE KICK IS OUT OF HOLE STOP PUMP AND CLOSE CHOKE.
RECORD NEW SICP, IF THE WELL IS FREE OF KICK FLUID THEN SICP & SIDPP WILL
BE EQUAL.
NOTE: WHILE CIRCULATING OUT THE KICK IF CASING PRESSURE REACHES
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE ANNULAR
SURFACE PRESSURE (MAASP) FOLLOW THE CONTINGENCY PROCEDURE.
4.
5.

CALCULATE THE REQUIRED DRILLING FLUID DENSITY AND INCREASE FLUID DENSITY IN SUCTION
PIT.

ESTABLISH CIRCULATION WITH HEAVY DRILLING FLUID AS PER Sl. 2.
HOLD CASING PRESSURE CONSTANT AT THE VALUE (NEW SICP CORRECTED
CHOKE
LINE
FRICTION) BY ADJUSTING THE CHOKE.
WHEN HEAVY DRILLING FLUID REACHES BIT, READ & RECORD FINAL DRILLL PIPE CIRCULATING
PRESSURE-------------- PSI.
HOLD FINAL DRILL PIPE CIRCULATING PRESSURE CONSTANT BY VARYING CHOKE.
AFTER HEAVY DRILLING FLUID REACHES THE SURFACE, SHUT PUMP AND CHECK
FOR FLOW.
IF WELL IS DEAD, CIRCULATE HEAVY DRILLING FLUID INTO RISER. TAKE STEPS TO CIRCULATE OUT
POSSIBLE GAS TRAPPED IN THE BLOWOUT PREVENTERS USING A CLOSED DIVERTER.
KILL SHEET (SUB SEA) FOR WAIT & WEIGHT METHOD

PROCEDURE
1.
IMMEDIATE ACTION
WHEN KICK OCCURS, SHUT-IN THE WELL, HANG OFF STRING, ALLOW THE PRESSURES TO
2.
3.
4.
5.
----- PSI
----- PSI
----- BBLS

CALCULATE THE REQUIRED DRILLING FLUID DENSITY AND INCREASE FLUID DENSITY IN
SUCTION PIT.
PREPARE DRILL PIPE PRESSURE SCHEDULE

CALCULATE INITIAL CIRCULATING PRESSURE (ICP), FINAL CIRCULATING PRESSURE(FCP) AND
TOTAL STROKES FROM SURFACE TO BIT.
CALCULATE & TABULATE DRILL PIPE PRESSURE REDUCTION SCHEDULE FROM ICP TO FCP FOR
EACH 50 OR 100 STROKES PUMPED INTO STRING AND PLOT (PRESSURE V/S STROKES/TIME) ON
GRAPH PAPER.
START PUMP SLOWLY AND ADJUST CHOKE TO ALLOW CASING PRESSURE AT CHOKE MANIFOLD TO
DROP BY AN AMOUNT EQUAL TO CHOKE LINE FRICTION OR HOLD KILL LINE PRESSURE CONSTANT
AT SHUT-IN VALUE TILL PUMP REACHES KILL RATE. HOLD KILL RATE CONSTANT.
ADJUST DRILL PIPE PRESSURE TO INITIAL CIRCULATING PRESSURE (ICP) BY USING CHOKE AND

MAINTAIN DRILL PIPE PRESSURE USING CHOKE TO THE VALUE RECORDED AT STROKES/TIME
SHOWN ON THE DRILL PIPE PRESSURE SCHEDULE.
WHEN HEAVY DRILLING FLUID REACHES BIT, HOLD DRILL PIPE PRESSURE CONSTANT AT FCP
VALUE BY VARYING CHOKE.
AFTER HEAVY DRILLING FLUID REACHES SURFACE STOP PUMP AND CHECK FOR FLOW.
IF WELL IS DEAD, CIRCULATE HEAVY DRILLING FLUID INTO RISER.
TAKE STEPS TO
CIRCULATE OUT POSSIBLE GAS TRAPPED IN THE BLOWOUT PREVENTERS USING A CLOSED
DIVERTER.
NOTE: WHILE CIRCULATING OUT THE KICK, IF CASING PRESSURE REACHES MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE ANNULAR
SURFACE PRESSURE (MAASP), FOLLOW THE CONTINGENCY PROCEDURE
Sub-sea BOP Kill Sheet
Vertical Well
Formation Strength Data:
(API
Unit
Current Well Data :

Subsea BOP Data:
Surface Leak-off Pressure
(A)
psi
Mud Weight
(B)
ppg
Maximum Allowable Mud Weight

(A)
(B) +
Shoe True Vertical Depth X 0.052
Riser
Ft.
Choke Line
Ft.
Mud data:
Mud
Weight
( C)
ppg
ppg
Initial MAASP
Casing Shoe Data:
{ C -Current Mud Weight} x Shoe TVD x 0.052
psi
Pump No.1
Pump No.2
Displacement
Displacement
bbls /stroke
bbls / stroke
Slow
Dynamic Pressure Loss ( PL)
Pump
Pump No. 1
Pump No. 2
Rate Data
Pre-Volume Data:
Drill Pipe
Heavy Wall Drill Pipe
Drill Collars
Drill String Volume
Length
Ft.
x
x
x
Capacity
bbls/ft.
=
=
=
in.
M.D.
ft.
T.V.D.
ft.
Hole Data:
Riser Choke Choke Riser Choke Choke

Line
Line
Line Line
Fric.
Fric.
spm
spm
Size
Size
in.
M.D.
ft.
T.V.D.
ft.
Volume
bbls
Pump Strokes
Volume
(D)
bbl
DC x Open Hole
Open Hole Volume
x
x
DP x Casing
Choke line
x
x
( F+G+H)=(1)
(D+I)=(J)

DP x Marine Riser
Pump Displacement
(E)
stks
=
=
=
(F)
bbl
=
=
(G)
(H)
bbl
bbl
Time
minutes
Pump Strokes
Slow Pump Rate
min
stks
min
bbl
stks
min
bbl
stks
min
bbl
stks
Kick Data
SIDPP
psi
SICP
psi
Pit Gain
bbls
SIDPP
Current Mud Weight + ----------------TVD X 0.052
ppg
SIDPP
Current Mud Gradient + ----------------TVD
psi/ft.
Initial Circulating
Pressure
ICP
psi
Initial Dynamic
Casing Pressure at
Kill Pump Rate
SICP - Choke Line Friction
psi
Final Circulating
Pressure
FCP
Kill Mud Weight

------------------------- X Dynamic Pressure Loss
Current Mud Weight
psi
Final Circulating
Pressure
FCP
Kill Mud Gradient

------------------------- X Dynamic Pressure Loss
Current Mud Gradient
psi
Kill Mud Weight

KMW
Kill Mud Gradient
KMG
(L) = ICP FCP

Strokes
psi
Pressure
( L ) X 100
------------------ =
( E)
Static & Dynamic

P
r
e
s
s
u
r
e
Strokes
psi / 100 strokes

STD 174

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STD 174

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OISD STD 174

For Restricted Circulation

Oil Industry Safety Directorate

CAUSES , DETECTION AND CONTROL OF KICKS

WELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT AND CONTROL SYSTEM

INSTALLATION REQUIREMENT FOR WELL HEAD

AND BOP EQUIPMENT

CHOKE AND KILL MANIFOLD

DRILLS AND TRAINING

PRECAUTIONS DURING WORKOVER OPERATIONS

MONITORING INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEM

DOS AND DONTS

liquid column. Hydrostatic pressure

This standard covers well control

For training to drilling crew on "Well

BOTTOM HOLE PRESSURE (BHP)

INCREASE IN RETURN FLOW RATE

PUMP PRESSURE DECREASE AND

INCREASE IN TORQUE AND DRAG

DECREASE IN SHALE DENSITY

CHANGE IN CUTTING SIZE

INCREASE IN TRIP CONNECTION &

INCREASE IN FLOW LINE

DRILLING BREAK (SUDDEN

connections must be available on the

PULLING OUT SPEED

INSTALLATION OF SAFETY VALVE

WHILE RUNNING IN CASING/ LINER

SHUT IN PROCEDURE ON LAND

DURING PULLING OUT

II. HOLE FILL UP CHECK

(HCR valve) / manual valve on

(Preferably Annular Preventer)

Gradually close adjustable

for shut-in the well as shown in

WHEN STRING IS OUT OF HOLE

NOTE: If motion compensator is not installed

DIVERTER SYSTEM SHOULD BE

4.6.2 DURING DRILLING

Open annular BOP after bleeding

WHEN STRING IS OUT OF HOLE

Conduct L.O.T. after drilling out the

Record casing data, BOP pressure

annulus volume in the kill sheet

and should not be left in blocked or

Shut in method to be used shall also

Distance from rotary table to blowout

WELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT

Ram type BOPS

SURFACE BLOW OUT

REQUIREMENTS FOR 2000 PSI

to the side outlets of the lower

REQUIREMENTS FOR 3000 PSI &

Choke line should have two gate

REQUIREMENTS FOR 10000 PSI

REQUIREMENTS FOR 15000 AND

charging pump and an air driven

ELEMENTS OF SUB SEA BLOW

SINGLE STACK SYSTEM

TWO STACK SYSTEM

LARGE BORE STACK

The male part of the upper hydraulic