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Structure
Notes
Inside
the
atom
there
are
3
major
subatomic
particles.
Subatomic
Symbol
Location
Charge
Mass
particle
+
Proton
-‐
Electron
Neutron
neutral
Protons
give
each
element
it’s
atomic
number
(look
on
the
periodic
table
to
find
the
number
of
protons
that
each
element
has).
Ex:
12
Atomic
number
It
means
that
Magnesium
has
12
protons
Mg
24.3050
24.
3050
Atomic
mass
Electrons
are
the
same
as
the
number
of
protons
as
long
as
the
atom
is
neutral
(not
an
ion).
Ex:
magnesium
also
has
12
electrons
The
atomic
mass
is
also
found
on
the
periodic
table.
This
is
the
average
mass
of
one
atom
of
that
element.
The
mass
number
is
equal
to
the
number
of
protons
plus
the
number
of
neutrons.
Neutrons
=
Atomic
Mass
–
Protons
Example:
The
average
atomic
mass
of
magnesium
that
is
on
the
periodic
table
is
24.
3050
g/mol.
The
mass
number
of
magnesium
is
the
average
atomic
mass
rounded
to
the
nearest
whole
number-‐24.
If
we
want
to
know
the
number
of
neutrons
in
an
atom
of
magnesium
we
subtract
the
atomic
mass
(24)
minus
the
number
of
protons
(12).
Neutrons
in
Magnesium
atom
=
24
–
12
=
_____________
Now
you
try:
Fill
in
the
blanks
for
the
following
neutral
atoms.
Element
Symbol
Atomic
Atomic
Mass
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Number
Mass
Number
********
********
********
(rounded)
Beryllium
Carbon