EV-Yolanda Reconstruction Plan Summary

For discussion purposes only.
Please do not reproduce.
sulhog
Eastern Visayas Yolanda Reconstruction Plan
25 March 2014
SULHOG is the local term for ray of light.
Message
The catastrophic impact of Supertyphoon Yolanda can no longer be questioned. We know in our minds and hearts that
the extent of damage and losses are something that go beyond statistical figures and numbers. Experience tells us that
any place hit by a disaster, especially when it is of much higher intensity, takes a great deal of resilience to be able to
recover. How much more for Eastern Visayas, whose large part, including its regional capital and only Highly Urbanized
City of Tacloban, had been decimated to a place of rubbish and despondency? For all the havoc wreaked by Yolanda in
this part of the country, it would indeed take a lot of hard work, coordinated efforts, and synergistic commitment from
all sectors possible in order for Region VIII to bounce back and continue its quest for poverty reduction and inclusive
growth.
It is under this premise that this Sulhog Yolanda Reconstruction Plan has been crafted.
As Vice-Chair of the Regional Development Council (RDC) VIII and Vice-Chair for Rehabilitation and Recovery of the
Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (RDRRMC) VIII, NEDA VIII has risen to the challenge and the
privilege of initiating the preparation of this Plan document.
We need Sulhog to put together what the government agencies, local government units, and the public academe
intend to do to help rebuild the affected areas and sectors, with the common goal of building this region better and safer.
This should be our constant reminder to be on track and to put our acts together.
The pain caused by Yolanda is somewhat negated by the phenomenal opportunity to be able to build back better, given
the overwhelming support that comes our way in many forms humanitarian aid for immediate disaster relief, funding
assistance for rehabilitation and recovery projects, and even technical assistance willing to be shared by experts on
understanding better the disaster that hit us and preventing another one from hitting us in the future.
As we allow ourselves to be guided by this Plan document, we convey to you some hard facts that we have been facing
as a region before Yolanda hit us. Eastern Visayas has been steadily inching up higher in the ranks of poverty incidence.
Based on the Family Income and Expenditure Survey, it was the 7th poorest region in the country in 2006; the 5th poorest
in 2009; then finally in 2012, the 2nd poorest. Worse, the regional economy in 2012 slumped when the Gross Regional
Domestic Product contracted by negative 6.2%.
This is a very bleak picture that we are presenting but nevertheless one that could be taken as an eye opener and a call
to action. Initially, we might want to aim to at least bring the region to its pre-disaster conditions, but such is not at all
an ideal state of development, and therefore is something that we should not settle with. We will rebuild but we need
to rebuild better.
Let us call to mind the existence of the Updated Regional Development Plan 2014-2016, which was adopted to guide our
actions towards the attainment of our triple vision of becoming an agri-business leader, a tourism haven, and information
and communications technology (ICT) leader. While Sulhog charts out our way to rehabilitation and recovery, the RDP
illustrates our way of attaining a robust economy, liberating ourselves from pervasive poverty, and ultimately, making
inclusive growth more than just a buzz word.
However, it is essential that we bounce back first after Yolanda. It should not be that difficult because of the outpouring
assistance coming from the national government as embodied in the Reconstruction Assistance on Yolanda (RAY) and
the rehabilitation plans of the Office of the Presidential Assistant for Rehabilitation and Recovery (OPARR) clusters on
infrastructure, resettlement, livelihood, social services, and support.
With all these support systems in place, there is great promise that Eastern Visayas will be able to get back on its feet
and move undauntedly again towards becoming a progressive region.
Let Sulhog then be our source of inspiration in our recovery work and a concrete reminder for all of us to, at all times,
be in cadence in moving towards a common direction. Sulhog, as the name suggests, should be taken as our symbol of
hope, our ray of light. By putting our acts together, we can spread this light to obliterate the darkness and desolation
left behind by Yolanda.
ATTY. BONIFACIO G. UY
Vice-Chair, RDC VIII,

Vice-Chair, RDRRMC VIII and
Regional Director, NEDA VIII
Republic of the Philippines

REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL
Eastern Visayas (Region VIII)
Excerpts from the Minutes of the Regional Development Council VIII Meeting held on
March 25, 2014 at the Tierra de Milagros, Palo, Leyte
RDC VIII Resolution No. 7, Series of 2014
APPROVING THE EASTERN VISAYAS YOLANDA
RECONSTRUCTION AND RECOVERY PLAN (EV-YRRP)
Whereas, the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), in its capacity as the ViceChair for Rehabilitation and Recovery of the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
(NDRRMC), pursuant to Republic Act No. 10121, initiated at the national level the formulation of the
Reconstruction Assistance on Yolanda (RAY), which is a framework document on the rehabilitation and
recovery plan for all regions of the country affected by Typhoon Yolanda;
Whereas, the NEDA Regional Office VIII, pursuant to its mandate as the Vice-Chair for
Rehabilitation and Recovery of the Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
(RDRRMC) and RDC VIII Resolution No. 54, Series of 2013, coordinated the preparation of the Eastern
Visayas Yolanda Reconstruction and Recovery Plan (EV-YRRP);
Whereas, following a participatory process in preparing the EV-YRRP, the NEDA VIII conducted
various activities such as, but not limited to, the sectoral rehabilitation planning workshops, agency
visits, and distribution of letter-requests to generate damage and loss assessment reports and proposed
rehabilitation and recovery interventions from agencies, local government units, state universities and
colleges, and the private/business sector;
Whereas, the EV-YRRP contains four chapters, namely: Chapter 1: Characterization of Typhoon
Yolanda (Haiyan), Chapter 2: Eastern Visayas Before Yolanda, Chapter 3: Eastern Visayas Immediately
After Yolanda, and Chapter 4: Bouncing Back From Yolanda;
Whereas, upon presentation to the Council in this meeting, the draft EV-YRRP was found to
be
responsive to the rehabilitation and recovery requirements of the region, with recommendations
to update the figures on the damage, loss, and needs;

NOW THEREFORE, be it RESOLVED, as it is hereby RESOLVED, to approve the Eastern Visayas
Yolanda Reconstruction and Recovery Plan (EV-YRRP), subject to the incorporation of the final Yolanda
Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) and improvement of the title.

UNANIMOUSLY APPROVED, this 25th day of March, Two Thousand and Fourteen, at Palo,
Leyte.
Certified true and correct:
Attested/Approved:
ERNESTO T. OCTAVIANO
RDC VIII Acting Secretary

BONIFACIO G. UY
RDC VIII Vice-Chair and
Presiding Officer
Table of Contents

Message
RDC VIII Resolution No. 7, s. 2014
15
16
17
21
22
General Profile
Unique Characteristics of Eastern Visayas
Socio-economic Situation
State of Infrastructure Development
Regional Development Framework

10
Introduction
12 Chapter 1: Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan)
15 Chapter 2: Eastern Visayas Before Yolanda
23
Chapter 3: Eastern Visayas Immediately After Yolanda
35
Chapter 4: Bouncing Back From Yolanda
60

Special Section on Policy and Operational Issues/

Concerns and Recommendations
23
25
26
27
27
28
34
36
37
38
38
40
48
51
51
52
53
55
Overall Impact to the Region

Infrastructure Sector
Economic Sector
Social Sector
Cross-sectoral Impacts and Needs
Macroeconomy
Looting: Side-Effect of Yolanda
Principles
Priority Interventions
Complete List of All Interventions
Economic Sector
Social Sector
Cross-sectoral Interventions
Peace and Security
Environment
Macroeconomy
Governance

60
Agriculture
62
Trade, Industry and Services
64
Social Sector
65
Infrastructure
67
Environment
68
Governance
List of tables and figures

Page No.
Table 1. Projected GRDP Growth Rates: 2013-2016

Table 2. Total Damage and Losses and Total Needs per Major Sector
Table 3. Damage, Losses and Needs for the Infrastructure Sector (in PhP million)
Table 4. Damage, Losses and Needs for the Economic Sector (in PhP million)
Table 5. Damage, Losses and Needs for the Social Sector (in PhP million)
Table 6. Cross-sectoral Damage, Losses and Needs (in PhP million)
Table 7. Impact on 2013 GRDP
Table 8. Impact of Yolanda on Poverty Incidence Among Population
Table 9. Eastern Visayas Labor and Employment: July 2013
Table 10. Number of Affected Workers in Industry and Services by City/Province
Table 11. Number of Affected Workers in AHFF by Province
Table 12. Region VIII 2013 3rd and 4th Quarter Revenue Collections (in PhP)
Table 13. Region VIII Annual Revenue Collections: 2011-2013 (in PhP)
Table 14. Consumer Price Index, Inflation Rate, and Purchasing Power of Peso

in Region VIII: 2012-2013
Table 15. Month-on-Month Regional Inflation by Commodity Group in

Eastern Visayas: October, November and December 2013, (2006=100)
Table 16. Pathway to Recovery
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23
25
26
27
28
28
30
30
31
31
32
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Figure 1. Tracks of the Three Typhoons

Figure 2. Path of Supertyphoon Yolanda
Figure 3. Eastern Visayas Household Population by Sex and Age: 2010
Figure 4. GRDP Growth Rates, Philippines and Eastern Visayas: 2008-2012
Figure 5. GRDP Growth Rates by Major SeFctor: 2010-2012
Figure 6. Production Growth Rate by Commodity: 2012
Figure 7. Provincial Shares to Total Agricultural Production: 2012
Figure 8. Top Five Exports of Eastern Visayas: 2011-2012 (in million US dollars)
Figure 9. Participation Rate, Eastern Visayas: SY 2011-2012
Figure 10. Cohort Survival Rate, Eastern Visayas: SY 2011-2012
Figure 11. Vision and Development Thrusts of Eastern Visayas
Figure 12. Affected Areas of Eastern Visayas
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13
15
17
17
18
18
19
20
20
22
24
33
33
37
Abbreviations and
Acronyms
AHFF
BFAR
BIR
BPMO
CPI
CSC
DA
DENR
DepEd
DOLE
DOST
DPWH
DILG
DTI
DWSD
ECs
EDC
EVRGC
GDP
GIS
GRDP
GVA
ICT
IDP
kph
LIDE
LWUA
MDG
MSME
NDHS
NEDA
NSCB
NSO
OCD
PAR
PASAR
PCA
PCIC
PDNA
PhilFIDA
PHILPHOS
PPA
PPAN
PPAs
R&R
RAY
RDC
RDP
RDRRMC
RLA
RORO
SBC
SETUP
SSF
SUC
TC
agriculture, hunting, fishery and forestry

Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
Bureau of Internal Revenue
business process management
consumer price index
Civil Service Commission
Department of Agriculture
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Department of Education
Department of Labor and Employment
Department of Science and Technology
Department of Public Works and Highways
Department of the Interior and Local Government
Department of Trade and Industry
Department of Social Welfare and Development
electric cooperatives
Energy Development Corporation
Eastern Visayas Regional Growth Center
gross domestic product
geographic information system
gross regional domestic product
gross valued added
information and communications technology
internally displaced persons
kilometers per hour
Leyte Industrial Development Estate
Local Water Utilities Administration
Millennium Development Goals
micro, small, medium enterprise
National Demographic Health Survey
National Economic and Development Authority
National Statistical Coordination Board
National Statistics Office
Office of Civil Defense
Philippine Area of Responsibility
Philippine Associated Smelting and Refining Corporation
Philippine Coconut Authority
Philippine Crop Insurance Corporation
Post Disaster Needs Assessment
Philippine Fiber Industry Development Authority
Philippine Phosphate Fertilizer Corporation
Philippine Ports Authority
Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition
programs, projects and activities
rehabilitation and recovery
Reconstruction Assistance on Yolanda
Regional Development Council
Regional Development Plan
Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
regional line agency
roll on-roll off
Small Business Corporation
Small Enterprise Technology Upgrading Program
shared service facility
state universities and colleges
Tropical Cyclone
acknowledgement
With deep gratitide, we, at NEDA VIII,
would like to thank everyone who contributed in crafting this Plan document.
National Line Agencies
BFAR, BIR, CAAP, DA, DAR, DENR, DepEd, DILG, DOH, DOLE, DOST, DOT, DPWH,
DTI, DSWD, EMB, NSCB, NSO, OCD, PAGASA, PCA, PhilFIDA, PNP, PPA-Ormoc, PPATacloban, NIA, NHA, NNC, TESDA
Local Government Units
Province of Leyte, Province of Biliran, Province of Southern Leyte, Province of Eastern

Samar, Province of Northern Samar, Tacloban City, Baybay City, Catbalogan City, and
Ormoc City
State Universities and Colleges
ESSU, EVSU, LNU, NSU, NwSSU, PIT, SLSU, SSU, UEP, and VSU
Private organizations and individuals
Ormoc-Kananga MDCCI, Inc., DORELCO, Carigara Water District, and Mr. Oliver Cam
Photo Credits
Charlie David Martinez
www.chicagotribune.com
EPA/NOAA/Handout/Landov
Mahar Lagmay, DOST-PAGASA
www.america.aljazeera.com
DA VIII
www.america.aljazeera.com
Edwin Malasig/Rappler
www.thetimes.com
www.nbcnews.com
Photo Credit: Charlie David Martinez
Introduction
Role of Eastern Visayas in National Development. Eastern Visayas Region serves as the
geographical backbone of the Philippines as it lies in the mid-easternmost border of the Philippine
archipelago. Owing to its location, it is the principal gateway to northern and southern parts
of the country via the Maharlika Highway. It is also a resource-blest region in terms of natural
endowments, which are considered great potentials for economic growth. Given these traits, it
plays a significant role in the development of the country. As embodied in its 2011-2016 Regional
Development Plan, it was aiming to become a leader in agri-business and ICT and a tourism haven
as its contribution to the national goal of inclusive growth.
Supertyphoon Yolanda. However, by twist of fate, on November 8, 2013, most of Eastern Visayas
was ravaged by Supertyphoon Yolanda (International name Haiyan). The storm surge precipitated
by the typhoon in its coastal towns claimed thousands of lives and wrought massive destruction to
private and public properties. The government and the private sector joined hands in delivering
humanitarian response to those affected by the typhoon. But knowing that relief assistance will
have to come to an end, the government saw the imperativeness of starting rehabilitation and
recovery efforts in the soonest possible time.
How was this Plan prepared?
sulHog was prepared by the NEDA Regional Office VIII under the auspices of the Regional Disaster
Risk Reduction and Management Council VIII as well as the Regional Development Council VIII.
By law, NEDA VIII is mandated to act as Vice-Chair for Rehabilitation and Recovery under the
RDRRMC structure. This is pursuant to Republic Act 10121, otherwise known as the National
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Law. Meanwhile, the RDC VIII, in its earnest desire to
facilitate the rehabilitation of the region, passed RDC VIII Resolution No. 54, s. 2013, Approving
the Preparation of the Eastern Visayas Yolanda Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan and Enjoining all
Entities to Support its Preparation.
The content of sulhog emanated from the inputs of various regional line agencies, provincial
and city governments, private sector representatives, and state universities and colleges. Through
formal requests and workshops, assessment of the damage and losses, resulting issues and
10
concerns, and proposed interventions were solicited from the different sectors. The assessment
portion was based on the Post Disaster Needs Assessment conducted by the RDRRMC through the
leadership of the Office of Civil Defense.
Why this Plan? At the national level, there already exists a blueprint for the rehabilitation and
recovery of all Yolanda-affected regions of the country. It is called Reconstruction Assistance on
Yolanda (RAY). Region VIII, being the hardest hit in the country, followed suit and came up with
this regional version of the RAY dubbed as sulhog. This is a subset of the national governments
strategic plan to restore the affected areas to at least their pre-disaster situation and at most
rebuild them better and safer.
What is in this Plan? sulhog presents a comparison of the socio-economic conditions of
Eastern Visayas, before and after Yolanda. It contains a consolidation of proposed interventions
in the different sectors, which are deemed necessary in reconstructing and rehabilitating the
region. Adopting the RAY principles and framework on the path to recovery, it identifies the
expected key results along shelter, infrastructure, livelihood, and even institutional support to the
implementation of the identified rehabilitation and recovery programs and projects.
Photo Credit: www.chicagotribune.com
The specific programs, projects, and activities that will concretize the strategies embodied in this
Plan document are found in its companion document, the Eastern Visayas Yolanda Investment
Program 2014-2016.
Photo Credit: EPA/NOAA/Handout/Landov
Chapter I
Typhoon Yolanda
(Haiyan)
Historical Perspective. The National Climatic Data Center of the United States of America reported
that three supertyphoons had struck the Philippines in the last 117 years. The first, unnamed,
occurred in October 1897 with a death toll of 7,000. After 15 years, in November 1912, another
unnamed supertyphoon occurred, which rendered 15,000 people dead. Then after 101 years, in
the same month of November in the year 2013, the third supertyphoon came Typhoon Yolanda,
with international name Haiyan. Yolanda is considered the most destructive natural disaster in
Philippine and world history. Figure 1 shows that all three supertyphoons followed a similar track.
General Description. The PAGASA reported that Typhoon Yolanda was both huge and powerful
with well-formed eye typical of a very strong typhoon. It maintained its strength due to warm
water (sea surface temperature: >30 C) as the Typhoon eye passed Tacloban City. The point
of landfall, the wind strength as well as the height of the storm surge (Daluyong ng Bagyo)
were accurately predicted. Winds of 235 kilometers per hour and gustiness of 275 kph created a
7-meter, equivalent to 21-feet high or 3-storey-high building, surged onshore. It swept the coastal
communities of Samar, Leyte, Cebu, Panay and Coron, Palawan.
Movement. Typhoon Yolanda was the 9th tropical cyclone that made landfall and the 24th TC that
entered or developed inside the Philippine Area of Responsibility in 2013. It entered PAR early
morning of November 7, 2013, 943 kilometers east of Hinatuan, Surigao del Sur (8.2N, 134.9E).
Yolanda was already a typhoon before it entered PAR and gained more strength as it moved westnorth-westward at an average speed of 35 kph (Figure 2).
Yolanda made its first landfall in Guiuan, Eastern Samar (10.8N, 125.8E) at 4:40 in the morning
of November 8, 2013. Affected areas are those lying within the 50 to 100-kilometer radius, with
estimated winds of 185-235 kph. These include Leyte provinces, southern portion of Western and
Eastern Samar.
It traversed the Leyte Gulf and made a second landfall in Tolosa, Leyte (11.0N, 125.1E) at 7:00 in
the morning then crossed Northern Leyte. This second landfall, with estimated winds of 235kph,
again affected Leyte and the southern portion of Western and Eastern Samar, or areas within the
50-kilometer radius, as well as Northern Leyte, rest of Eastern and Western Samar by the estimated
winds of 185-235 kph within the 50 to 100-kilometer radius.
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The third landfall was in Daanbantayan, Northern Cebu (11.2N, 124.1E) at 9:40 in the
morning. Affected areas within the 50-kilometer radius with estimated winds of 235kph
were the northernmost portion of Cebu and Northern Leyte; within 50 to 100-kilometer
with estimated winds of 185 to 235 kph Northern Cebu (Bogo, Bantayan Borbon,
Figure 1. Tracks of the Three Typhoons
Source: Mahar Lagmay, DOST-PAGASA

(https://twitter.com/nababaha/status/402377875342376961/photo/1/large)
Figure 2. Path of Supertyphoon Yolanda
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Daanbantayan, Madridejos, Medellin, Pilar, Poro, San Francisco, San Remigio, Santa Fe,
Sogod, Tabogon, Tabuelan,Tuburan and Tudela), Leyte, Biliran, and the northern portion
of Negros Occidental.
The fourth landfall came in Bantayan island, Cebu (11.2N, 123.8E) at 10:40 in the morning then
moved towards Northern Panay. Affected areas within the 50-kilometer radius with estimated
winds of 235 kph included the northernmost portion of Cebu and Negros Occidental; within the 50
to 100-kilometer radius with estimated winds of 185-235 kph - Northern Cebu, northern portion
of Negros Occidental, and western portion of Capiz and Iloilo.
The fifth landfall was in Concepcion, Iloilo (11.2N, 123.2E) at 12:00 noon, then it traversed
northern Panay in the next three hours and was over Sulu sea at 3:00 in the afternoon. Affected
areas within the 50-kilometer radius with estimated winds of 215 kph were the western part of
Capiz and Iloilo and the northermost portion of Negros Occidental; within the 50 to 100-kilometers
with estimated winds of 185-215 kph Northern Cebu, northern portion of Negros Occidental,
western portion of Capiz and Iloilo. It severely damaged Northern Cebu and Panay Island.
The sixth landfall in Busuanga, Northern Palawan (11.8N, 120.6E) occurred at 8:00 in the
evening. Affected areas within the 50-kilometer radius with estimated winds of 220 kph were
Coron, Palawan; within the 50 to 100-kilometer with estimated winds of 185-230 kph extreme
Northern Palawan, rest of Northern Palawan (Busuanga, Coron, Cuilion and Linapacan), including
Puerto Princesa.
Storm Surge. The storm surges generated by Yolanda were about 5 to 7 meters high. They
inundated or flooded the coastal areas of the islands in the Visayas, including Northern Cebu and
Palawan. The worst hit are the City of Tacloban and Basey, Samar due to their topographic setting
and the shape and orientation of the coastline (winds blowing perpendicular to the coast) to the
path of the typhoon. The surges swept out the coastal communities of Tacloban and Basey.
Photo Credit: www.america.aljazeera.com
General Impact. The impact of strong winds unroofed houses and buildings, toppled power and
telephone lines along its path, uprooted houses and trees, and claimed thousands of lives. The
devastation was within the 600-kilometer diameter of the typhoon.
Photo Credit: DA VIII
Chapter 2
Eastern Visayas:
Before Yolanda
General Profile
Eastern Visayas or Region VIII is one of the 17 regions of the Philippines. It is located in the mideastern border of the Philippine archipelago. It is one of the three regions comprising Visayas
Island, which is one of the three main islands of the country. The two other big islands are Luzon
and Mindanao. The land area of the region accounts for 7.1% of the countrys total land area.
Region VIII has three islands the small island of Biliran and two bigger islands, Samar and Leyte,
which are connected by the famous San Juanico Bridge. Samar Island is the countrys 3rd largest
island, after Luzon and Mindanao Islands.
It is composed of six provinces Northern Samar, Eastern Samar, Samar, Biliran, Leyte, and
Southern Leyte. It has 7 cities, including Tacloban City, the regions capital, which became a highly
urbanized city on December 18, 2008. Tacloban is located in Leyte.
The total population of the region is around 4.1 million as of the 2010 Census. It has a relatively
young population as shown by the broad-based pyramid in Figure 3.
Figure 3. Eastern Visayas Household Population by Sex and Age: 2010
Source: NSCB
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Unique Characteristics of Eastern Visayas

There are certain traits of the region that set it apart from other regions of the country.
1. Eastern Visayas has a very strategic location. It plays an important role in the country because
it serves as the backbone of the entire Philippine archipelago. Owing to this location, Eastern
Visayas is the principal gateway to northern and southern parts of the country, linking Luzon
and Mindanao through the Philippine Nautical Highway. A major component of the Nautical
Highway are the roll-on roll-off (RORO) ports in Northern Samar and Southern Leyte, the
Maharlika Highway, and the iconic San Juanico Bridge (reputed as the longest bridge in the
country with a length of almost 2 kilometers) linking the two RORO ports.
2. The region is endowed with vast, rich agricultural lands. According to the Bureau of Agricultural
Research (2002), the total agricultural/farm area land is 723,048 hectares. Nearly half of the
lands of Eastern Visayas is devoted to farming.
3. Eastern Visayas has always been a top producer of coconut production nationwide. From 2000
to 2011, it was consistently the second largest producer of coconut. However, in 2012, it slid to
the third rank, next to Northern Mindanao Region as the second and Davao Region as the first.
Estimated coconut production in 2012 was 1,800 metric tons valued at around PhP10.2 billion.
Coconut oil used to be processed locally in the ten coconut oil mills in the region. However,
the biggest oil mill, the New Leyte Edible Oil Manufacturing, Corp. located in Tanauan, Leyte
and partly owned by Japanese investors, was severely damaged.
4. Over the years, Region VIII had also been known as a high ranker in abaca production. It was
consistently the topnotcher in the country from 2000 to 2010. In 2011 and 2012, however, it
fell second only to Bicol Region due to Brontispa disease. The value of abaca production in
2012 was PhP675.10 million.
5. Aside from its 20 major river systems, the region has 9 proclaimed watershed areas with a total
area of 32,450 hectares. All are large potential sources of irrigation.
6. Eastern Visayas has been dubbed as the Geothermal Capital of the Philippines because it is
the largest geothermal energy producer of the country. It currently hosts five power plants
with an aggregate installed capacity of 700 megawatts, including the Malitbog Power Plant in
Kananga, Leyte, the worlds largest geothermal power plant.
7. The region is also a premier tourist destination because of its natural beauty. It is home to
Langun-Gobingob Caves in Calbiga, Samar. Having a length of seven kilometers and a size of
900 square kilometers, it is the largest cave in the Philippines, the second largest in Asia. Its
karst formation is the third largest in the world.
8. Eastern Visayas plays a prominent role in the history of the Philippines. The site of the first
Catholic Mass in the Philippines held on March 31, 1521 was in Limasawa, a small island in the
Province of Southern Leyte.
History pages also reveal that Ferdinand Magellan first set foot in Philippine soils in the Island
of Homonhon, Guiuan, Eastern Samar way back on March 16, 1521.
The region also made a mark in history as it was in Leyte where General Douglas MacArthur
and his troops landed to liberate the Philippines on October 20, 1944. The MacArthur Leyte
Landing Memorial Site is one of the most frequently visited places in the region.
9. What also makes the region unique is that it houses an icon of infrastructure development
in the country. The Agas-agas Bridge, now the countrys tallest bridge and site for the tallest
zipline adventure, stands erect in Sogod, Southern Leyte,
10. Another edge of Eastern Visayas is the existence of 10 state universities. This number is the
third largest in the country. The presence of these government-owned higher education
institutions enables the poor people of Region VIII to afford quality college education.
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Socio-Economic Situation
Poverty. One of the challenging and sad realities confronting the region before Yolanda struck is
extreme poverty. Over the years, its poverty problem has gone from bad to worse.
Just a year before Yolanda hit Eastern Visayas, poverty incidence among population was recorded
at a high 45.2%, making Eastern Visayas the second poorest region in the country. Among the
provinces in the region, Eastern Samar had the highest at 63.7%, followed by Northern Samar and
Samar at 50%, Southern Leyte at 43.3%, Leyte 39.2%, and Biliran 27.5%.
On farther hindsight, looking at the previous records of poverty incidence in the country based
on the Family Income and Expenditures Survey, it can be said that poverty in Eastern Visayas has
become pervasive, an almost perennial problem. In 2006, the proportion of poor population was
placed at 41.5%. In 2009, it went up to 46.6%, and based on the latest count in 2012, it further
escalated to 45.2%. Hence, from being the 7th poorest region in the country in 2006, it became the
5th poorest in 2009, and the second poorest in 2012.
Underlying Causes of Poverty
An analysis of the pre-Yolanda poverty situation points to a host of factors. Proximate to this is
weak or slow economic growth. Other underlying causes of poverty are high underemployment,
low productivity in agriculture, low human capital, insurgency in isolated areas of Samar Island, and
high vulnerability to disasters.
1. Weak and Slow Economic Growth
Our 2012 Gross Regional Domestic Product was placed at PhP228.2 billion, which contributes only
2.3% to the countrys Gross Domestic Product.
Based on the Gross Valued Added of the three major sectors, the top contributor to the regional
economy is services, followed closely by industry. Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishery comes
last, contributing only 22.6%. This is ironical in view of the fact that Eastern Visayas is endowed
with lots of natural resources that can be tapped for farming and fishing.
Looking back to the previous years, the economy of the region grew at a snails pace. Figure
4 shows the trend of the GRDP growth rates from 2008 to 2012. In 2008, the GRDP grew at
2.0%; in 2009, it contracted by 1.8%, then bounced back by 2.0% in 2010, and grew by 2.1% in
2011. However, in 2012, the already crawling economy of the region turned for the worse when
it contracted by negative 6.2%. In 2012, it was the only region in the country that encountered a
negative growth.
The economic contraction of the region in 2012 is attributable to several factors.
Figure 4. GRDP Growth Rates, Philippines and Eastern
Visayas: 2008-2012
Figure 5. GRDP Growth Rates by Major Sector:

2010-2012
Source: NSCB
Source: NSCB
17
Figure 6. Production Growth Rate by Commodity: 2012
Source: BAS
Figure 7. Provincial Shares to Total Agricultural Production: 2012
Source: BAS
First, the GVA for the Industry Sector declined by 18.5% as a result of production slowdown of two
major heavy industries located in the Leyte Industrial Development Estate in Isabel, Leyte. One of
these the Philippine Associated Smelting and Refining Corporation, a major exporter of copper
cathodes was hit by an industrial fire in January 2012. This forced PASAR to stop operation for
six months. The other company in the LIDE the Philippine Phosphate Fertilizer Corporation
had a decline in the production and export of fertilizer in 2012. With this twin reduction, the GVA
for manufacturing had a whooping decrease of 40%.
As shown in Figure 5, another factor is the 3.0% decline in the AHFF sector, which is attributable
to combined downscale in both production and farmgate prices of some major crops and fishery
products.
Indeed the economy of the region is significantly affected by low agricultural production. Figure 6
reveals that in 2012, major crops produced in the region exhibited meager growths. These include
the regions primary crops such as coconut, which increased by only 0.1%, and palay by 1.1%.
Worse, five of these commodities have even decreased, including sugarcane and abaca, livestock,
poultry, and fisheries.
Figure 7 shows that geographically, agricultural production is lopsided to only one province
Leyte. The bulk of agricultural output, particularly for palay, corn, coconut, sugarcane and fishery,
is concentrated in Leyte. Agricultural production in the three Samar provinces clearly have low
production. This exacerbates the poverty situation in these provinces, considering that they have
low production volume and the products are sold at low prices.
Eastern Visayas agricultural productivity, compared to that of selected regions that are performing
well in agriculture and that of the Philippines, is relatively low. Based on 2012 GVA figures for
agriculture, the regions agricultural productivity is valued at only PhP68,798 per hectare. Whereas,
18
that of Davao is nearly double and that of Central Luzon is more or less triple. Compared to the
national, the regions productivity is just a little more than one-half.
The top five export products of the region in 2011 and 2012 are diammonium phosphate, refined
and crude coconut oil, mineral/chemical fertilizers, and copper cathodes, topping the list. The
value of all products has increased from 2011 to 2012 as shown in Figure 8.
2. High Underemployment Rate
A big part of the labor force in Region VIII is underemployed. Based on the April 2012 Labor Force
Survey, employment rate in the region was 95%. This is actually the 6th highest in the country.
However, out of this 95%, 24% are underemployed, which means that around one-fourth of the
employed are working less than 40 hours a week and are still looking for work in order to earn
enough for their needs. This partly explains why poverty incidence is high. Add to that the fact
that 45.2% of the workers are employed in the agriculture sector, where productivity is very low. But
looking at the GVA of the three major sectors, GVA for AHFF was the lowest at only PhP49.7 billion,
and a far cry from the PhP88 billion of the industry sector, and PhP90.4 billion of the services sector.
This implies that while a big bulk of the workers are in agriculture, the agriculture sector contributes
the least to the GRDP. Thus, labor productivity in the agriculture sector is placed at only PhP110.90
per worker per day. This average agricultural productivity is much lower than the current minimum
wage of around PhP250. This indeed exacerbates poverty in the region.
3. Persistent Insurgency in Samar Island
Peace and security is a necessary condition to attract private investments and to sustain growth.
In Region VIII, positive changes have been achieved along this line. Biliran and Leyte Islands have
already been declared insurgency-free and therefore considered development-ready. In Samar
Island, however, insurgency still persists in all of its three provinces, indicated by the incidence of
encounters and ambuscades, accounting for 65% and 6%, respectively, of the total insurgencyrelated incidents.
This lingering problem has to be addressed for progress to take off in Samar Islands, especially
because it is in these areas where poverty abounds. Also, Samar island is the third largest island
in the country, hence if developed, will contribute significantly to the development of, not only
Eastern Visayas, but of the whole country.
4. High Vulnerability to Disasters
Disasters are buckling down the regions progress. Every time a disaster hits, the region backslides
as investments and economic gains are destroyed by typhoons, landslides and floods. Although
Eastern Visayas has a strategic location being in the mid-rib of the Philippines, on account of this
very location and geological makeup, the region is also exposed to natural hazards.
Figure 8. Top Five Exports of Eastern Visayas: 2011-2012 (in million US dollars)
Source: NSCB
19
The region is traversed by the Philippine Fault, which cuts across the eastern sections of the Philippine
archipelago. So three of its provinces Leyte, Southern Leyte, and Biliran are earthquake-prone.
The coastal section of Abuyog and the upland and mountainous portions of Ormoc City and Isabel
all in Leyte Province as well as the hilly areas in Southern Leyte and Catbalogan City in Samar
are most prone to landslides. Coastal and low-lying areas in five out of the six provinces of the
region are tsunami-prone. The whole province of Eastern Samar is high-risk to tsunami because it
faces the Philippine Trench and the Pacific Ocean. Low-lying and plain areas of the region are also
prone to flooding and storm surge.
Some of the countrys worst mishaps happened in our region. These include the Guinsaugon
Landslide that occurred on February 17, 2006 in St. Bernard, Southern Leyte. The landslide covered
the entire village of Guinsaugon. Accounted deaths totaled 112 while 973 persons were never
seen again after the tragedy. Another devastating disaster was the Ormoc City Flashflood on
November 5, 1991, which inundated almost the entire city in just a few seconds, claiming 8,000
human lives and rendering 50,000 homeless.
5. Low Human Capital
Poverty in the region may also be attributed to low human capital as indicated in education and
health outcomes.
The basic education sector has a lackluster performance. Figure 9 reveals that a large portion of
school-age population is not enrolled, especially in high school. Secondary participation rates for
school year 2011-2012 are low. In the elementary level, provinces have more than 90% participation
rates but the figures are still quite far from the ideal mark of 100%. Moreover, based on the cohort
survival figures (Figure 10), a significant number of Grade 1 pupils were not able to reach Grade
6 in SY 2011-2012. Same picture can be seen in the secondary level where many first year high
school students failed to reach fourth year.
Along health, maternal mortality rate in the region has been following a series of ups and downs
over the last decade. Steep spikes and dips have been particularly observed over the period 20002006. From 2007 to 2011, however, the increments and decrements were not as sharp. For 2011,
maternal deaths reduced by 13% from 92 per 100,000 livebirths in 2010 to 79 in 2011. However,
this figure is still far from the MDG target of 56.5%.
As far as access to basic sanitary facilities is concerned, the region is in a sorry state. Access to
toilets is still very low in all provinces, thus at the regional level, it can be seen that only around
65% of households have toilets. A similar picture could be seen for water, wherein only 71% of
households have access to safe sources.
20
Figure 9. Participation Rate, Eastern Visayas:

SY 2011-2012
Figure 10. Cohort Survival Rate, Eastern Visayas:

SY 2011-2012
Source: NSCB
Source: NSCB
State of Infrastructure Development

Transportation. As of 2012, Eastern Visayas total road length of 2,444 kilometers of national roads
is already 91.6% (2,239 km.) paved with the remaining 8.4% (205 km.) still unpaved. Major sections
of paved roads are in poor condition, particularly the Buray-Taft-Borongan-Guiuan section in
Eastern Samar. Also, the Oras-San Policarpo-Arteche-Lapinig-Gamay-Mapanas-Palapag-Laoang
Road or the Samar Pacific Coastal Road is the missing road link in the Island of Samar.
The completion of the Eastern Nautical Highway route from Surigao-Leyte-Samar-Masbate linking
the region to the other parts of the country with RORO facilities increased the number of domestic
tourists coming to Eastern Visayas. This nautical highway likewise placed the region in the tourism
map of the country and expanded the countrys nautical highways.
Total cargo volume in the regions ports reached a total of 5.2 million metric tons. Domestic cargoes
comprise 3.47 million metric tons or 66% while the exported and imported cargoes totaled 1.75
million metric tons or approximately 34%.
In terms of passenger traffic, the number of passengers totaled to 4.81 million. The highest number
of passengers was registered in the port of Allen, Northern Samar, which catered to 1.6 million
people or 34% of the total. This is evident of people coming to and from Manila via Northern
Samar. It is followed by the port of Ormoc, which served 1.05 million passengers going to Cebu
and vice-versa, representing 22%.
The region had ten airports but only eight were operational and only three operate commercial
flights, namely: Tacloban, Calbayog and Catarman Airports. Before Yolanda, the Tacloban Daniel
Z. Romualdez (DZR) Airport was undergoing upgrading and improvement through the Tacloban
Airport Redevelopment Project , with an estimated cost of P2.3 billion to be funded by the national
government. In 2012 at the Tacloban Airport alone, aircraft and passenger movements increased
by 2,415 (30%) and 246,663 (27%), respectively.
Irrigation. As of 2012, only 55.7% of the regions potential irrigable area is irrigated. The province
of Leyte has the largest irrigable area, owning 45% of the total area. The province of Biliran has the
least irrigable area of only 5%.
Flood Control. Prior to Yolanda, flood control structures in Eastern Visayas, except the one in
Ormoc City, were inadequate in handling the unexpected increase in stormwater discharge, which
resulted in massive flooding in both urban and rural areas such as Tacloban, Palo, Tanauan, Matagob, Catarman, among others. Several critical flood control projects had already been identified but
stymied due to insufficiency of funds. This lack of funds in turn hinders right-of-way acquisition,
flood forecasting, warning and monitoring systems, evacuation plan, hazard mapping, and
watershed management, and operation and maintenance.
Power and Electrification. Eastern Visayas currently hosts five power plants with an aggregate
installed capacity of 699.4 megawatts. The primary source of power supply in the region is the Leyte
Geothermal Production Field in Tongonan. Small islands are powered by individual generating
sets.
Eleven electric cooperatives and one multi-purpose cooperative are distributing electricity
throughout the region. The region has a total of 4,372 barangays, 4,371 of which are already
energized. This shows an energization level of 99% as of end of 2012. All provinces of the region are
already 100% energized, except for Samar with one remaining barangay unenergized. Household
connection level is already 81%. This means that out of 816,000 households, 657,204 households
are with electricity connection. Electrification at the sitio level, on the other hand, was at 71%.
Communication/Telecommunications. Cellsites in Eastern Visayas already numbered 468 in
2012, which increased by 15.8% from 2011s 404. The major providers in 2012 are Globe with 200
number of cellsites all over the region, followed by Smart with 191 number of cellsites and Digitel
with 77 number of cellsites operating in the region. As of 2012, across provinces, Leyte registered
the highest number of cellsites because most of the industrial services and economic activities of
the region are concentrated in the province.
21
Regional Development Framework

In cognizance of these potentials and challenges, a framework for the development of the region
was laid down in the Eastern Visayas Updated Regional Development Plan (RDP) for 2014-2016.
Figure 11. Vision and Development Thrusts of Eastern Visayas
Regional Vision
The RDP embodies the regional vision of becoming a tourism haven, an agri-business and ICT
leader. Thus, the regions key development thrusts are centered on agri-business, tourism and ICT
(Figure 11).
In support to this vision and thrusts, three regional roadmaps had been prepared, namely the: Agribusiness Development Roadmap, Tourism Development Roadmap, and ICT Roadmap. The Agribusiness Roadmap in particular is put into flesh by the commodity roadmaps each prepared for
the regions seven priority commodities, namely: palay, coconut, abaca, banana (saba), seaweeds,
mussels, and bangus.
Macroeconomic Targets
The regions GRDP growth rates are projected to annually increase by the figures shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Projected GRDP Growth Rates: 2013-2016
Sector
AHFF
Industry
Services
GRDP
2013
Low
High
4.26
5.26
4.45
5.45
4.46
5.46
4.39
5.39
2014
Low
High
4.37
5.37
4.49
5.49
4.53
5.53
4.46
5.46
2015
Low
High
4.52
5.52
4.52
5.52
4.59
5.59
4.54
5.54
2016
Low
4.62
4.57
4.63
4.61
High
5.62
5.57
5.63
5.61
Poverty incidence among population is also targeted to reduce from 45.2% in 2012 to 21.6% in
2016. Similarly, underemployment rate will decrease from 24% in 2012 to 20% in 2016. Meanwhile,
annual employment of 140,000 will be generated for the period 2014-2016.

22
Photo Credit: www.america.aljazeera.com
Chapter 3
Eastern Visayas:
immediately After
Yolanda
Overall Impact to the Region
Affected Area. According to the DILG, a total of three cities and 61 municipalities were affected in
Eastern Visayas (Figure 12).
Population. Based on the results of the Post-Disaster Needs Assessment conducted by the
Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council, led by the Office of Civil Defense, here
in Region VIII, Yolanda resulted in casualties of 5,826 people dead, 29,303 injured, and 983 missing.
The affected population comprises 4,208,000 persons.
Total Value of Damage, Losses, and Needs. The total damage and losses have been valued at
PhP130.41 billion, 75% of which is total damage and 25% total losses. The impact was most heavily
felt by the economic and social sectors, which together sustained nearly 86% of the total damage
and losses. The overall resource needs for recovery and reconstruction has been estimated at
PhP106.11 billion broken down into 31% for Social Sector, 29% for the Economic Sector, 27% for
Infrastructure Sector, and the remaining 13% for cross-sectoral (Table 2).
Table 2. Total Damage and Losses and Total Needs per Major Sector
Sector
Damage and Losses

(PhP billion)
Percent to
Total
Needs
(PhP billion)
Percent to
Total
7.05
16.93
27
Economic Sector
41.82
40
17.72
29
Social Sector
47.92
46
19.17
31
Cross-sectoral
7.29
8.10
13
130.41
100
106.11
100
Total
Source: Yolanda PDNA, OCD, May 2014

Note: Subsector values may not add up to the total due to rounding.
23
Figure 12. Affected Areas of Eastern Visayas
Leyte (Tacloban City, Ormoc City, Baybay City, Albuera, Abuyog, Alang-alang, Babatngon, Barugo, Bato, Burauen,
Calubi-an, Capoocan, Carigara, Dagami, Dulag, Hilongos, Hindang, Inopacan, Isabel, Jaro, Javier, Julita, Kananga,
La Paz, Leyte, MacArthur, Mahaplag, Matag-ob, Matalom, Mayorga, Merida, Palo, Palompon, Pastrana, San Isidro,
San Miguel, Sta. Fe, Tabango, Tabontabon, Tanauan, Tolosa, Tunga, and Villaba)
Samar (Basey and Marabut)
Eastern Samar (Balangiga, Balangkayan, Gen MacArthur, Giporlos, Guiuan, Hernani, Lawaan, Llorente, Maydolong,
Mercedes, Quinapondan, and Salcedo)
Biliran (Almeria, Biliran, Cabucgayan, Caibiran, Culaba, Kawayan, and Naval)
24
The total damage and losses of the infrastructure sector is a little over PhP7 billion and the total
needs amount to roughly PhP17 billion (Table 3).
Table 3. Damage, Losses and Needs for the Infrastructure Sector (in PhP million)
Sector
Damage and Losses
Needs
Losses
Total
4,998.70
2,049.25
7,047.97
16,926.90
492.25
19.34
511.59
1,293.89
21.65
15.74
37.39
252.57
Transportation
186.61
28.50
215.11
3,623.94
Flood Control, Sea Wall, Slope Protection
160.07
6.32
166.39
1,162.55
Power
541.73
42.53
584.26
588.38
Water
104.45
142.74
247.19
273.98
Telecommunication Infrastructure
702.63
1,081.85
1,784.48
794.85
Health Infrastructure
259.90
6.21
266.11
1,462.31
Roads
Bridges
Irrigation
Education Infrastructure
Damage
96.56
23.63
120.19
114.95
1,543.08
594.41
2,137.49
5,067.12
32.36
2.22
34.58
49.56
857.42
85.77
943.19
2,242.81
Mining Infrastructure
Tourism Infrastructure
Government Infrastructure

Road and Bridges. Results of the technical assessments of the DPWH revealed that damages
includes national, secondary, and local roads. The local road network consists of barangay or
village/farm-to-market roads, provincial roads, city roads, and municipal roads. The total value of
damaged roads and bridges is PhP492.25 million and PhP21.65, respectively.
Transportation. Damage to seaports is estimated at PhP43.18 million. While the PPA ports were
reported to be partially damaged and operational, the lighter structures of the municipal ports
were severely damaged by Typhoon Yolanda, hence not operational. Port loss is estimated at
PhP28.47 million.
Meanwhile, damage to airports is estimated at PhP143.43 million with considerable damage to
Tacloban airport, which was inundated by the storm surge, and the airports in Ormoc and Guiuan.
Total reconstruction needs for affected seaports and airports is pegged at PhP3.62 billion.
Flood Control. In the region, 21 flood control structures were also damaged amounting to
PhP160.07 million.
Government Buildings. Total damage to national government offices, including equipment and
facilities, was estimated to be PhP857.42 million. Most of these structures are found in Tacloban
City and Government Center, Palo, Leyte.
Power. Total damage to the electricity sector reached PhP541.73 million. Supply of electricity to
the residential consumers and public buildings sustained most of the damage. Based on the RAY,
throughout the Yolanda-affected areas of the Philippines, four electric cooperatives located in
Leyte accounted for 52% of the total damage.
The Unified Leyte Geothermal Power Plant Complex, which supplies a third of the electricity demand
in the Visayas, suffered substantial damage. The Energy Development Corporation postulates that
it could take as long as a year before the plants return to full capacity. Moreover, the Unified Leyte
lost PhP1 billion in revenues.
25
Water Supply and Sanitation. According to the Local Water Utilities Administration, as reported
in the RAY, the Leyte Metro Water District has 29,345 service connections in Tacloban and eight
other towns. The rest of the affected area is serviced by small water districts with less than 3,000
connections or by LGUs operating their own water utilities.
In the Yolanda PDNA, total damage is estimated at PhP104.45 million, while total losses accounted
for PhP142.74 million. The overall needs of this sector are estimated at PhP273.98 million.
Economic Sector
Per PDNA figures, the total damage and losses of the economic sector reached around PhP41.82
billion. However, the total needs amounted to only PhP17.72 billion (Table 4).
Agriculture and Fisheries. A total area of about 361,985 hectares of agricultural lands had been
affected and a conservative estimate of 242,258 metric tons of crops had been lost. Principally
damaged crops were: coconut (82% of damaged crop area); rice (8%); banana (5% ); and abaca
(2%). In addition, losses were reported for livestock, agricultural equipment, post-production
facilities and fishing vessels and equipment, as well as damage to irrigation systems and rural
infrastructure.
Total damage to the agriculture sector reached PhP34.71 billion. This includes the PhP18.44 billion
worth of production losses to crops, fisheries and livestock.
Fisheries have been heavily damaged, resulting in lower fish catches due to the impact of the
typhoon on boats, wharves and equipment, and to reefs and coastal mangrove forests. A total
of 19,902 boats were damaged (58 commercial boats; 10,585 motorized bancas; and 9,319 nonmotorized boats). Similarly, in the aquaculture subsector, 2,417 fish cages, 890 seaweed farms, 52
fishpens, 21 hatcheries, and 75 aquasilviculture farms were damaged.
Based on the PDNA, the overall recovery and reconstruction needs for the agriculture sector are
estimated at PhP17.36 billion.
Trade, Industry, and Services. The service and industry subsector in Eastern Visayas is comprised
of retailing, trading, tourism, agriculture processing, manufacturing, banking, and a wide range
of cottage and craft industries. The subsector is key to the regions productive economic base,
facilitating economic transactions, and forming part of the value and supply chain (including input
supply, production, marketing, and services) and is the major source of employment.
According to the DTI, of the 18,362 firms in the region, 85% are micro and small enterprises while
the medium and large enterprises compose 15%.
Estimates put the value of damaged assets of the sector to be PhP2.24 billion. Meanwhile, total
losses amounted to PhP4.28 billion, wherein the losses.
The total recovery and reconstruction needs of the TIS subsector are at PhP325.50 million.
Table 4. Damage, Losses and Needs for the Economic Sector (in PhP million)
Sector
Damage and Losses

Losses
Total
18,811.94
23.006.04
41,818.34
17,715.05
16,265.12
18,444.08
34,709.20
17,355.48
Mining
80.17
263.43
343.60
Tourism and Culture
15.12
21.33
36.45
34.07
2,241.52
4,277.20
6,728.73
325.50
Economic Sector
Agriculture
Industry, Trade and Services

26
Needs
Damage
Social Sector
The total damage and losses of the social sector reached PhP47.82 billion, but the total needs
accounted for only PhP13.27 billion (Table 5).
Table 5. Damage, Losses and Needs for the Social Sector (in PhP million)
Sector
Social Sector
Education
Health
Housing
Damage and Losses

Damage
Losses
Total
Needs
41,886.72
6,038.03
47,924.75
19,170.13
2,313.31
2,811.98
5,125.29
5,544.25
302.52
141.11
443.63
354.89
39,270.89
3,084.94
42,355.83
13,270.99

Education. In terms of damage to educational facilities and other assets among the Yolandaaffected regions, Eastern Visayas bore the brunt. The total damage in the education sector is
estimated at PhP2.31 billion. The DepEd has reported that 1,579 classrooms were fully damaged
and 6,414 partially damaged in 801 public elementary and 122 public secondary schools in affected
areas. The total losses in this sector amounted to PhP2.81 billion.
Total recovery and reconstruction needs amount to PhP5.54 billion across the three levels.
Health and Nutrition. The damage to health infrastructure and equipment totals to PhP302.52
million while total loss is PhP3.08 billion.
The total needs for reconstruction of the health sector is currently estimated at PhP354.89 million.
Housing and Shelter. A total of 475,678 houses were damaged, of which 234,196 were partially
damaged and 241,482 were totally damaged. The cost for damaged houses is estimated at
PhP39.27 billion. Total losses are estimated at PhP3.08 billion.
The full range of needs for the recovery and reconstruction of the housing sector is estimated to
be PhP13.27 billion.
Cross-Sectoral Impact and Needs

Cross-cutting damage and losses is placed at PhP7.29 billion while total needs is estimated at
PhP8.1 billion (Table 6).
Local Government and Community Infrastructure. The total damage to the local government
sector is estimated as PhP3.20 billion. This includes damaged municipal and barangay halls,
gymnasia and multi-purpose buildings, public markets, transport terminals, and fire stations.
Coastal towns and cities affected by the storm surge experienced massive destruction. Meanwhile,
total losses reached PhP1.34 billion. The LGUs need PhP4.32 billion for their reconstruction and
recovery.
Environment. Typhoon Yolanda left behind massive dumps of debris and rubble. As cited in the
RAY, the estimated cost of solid waste clearing for Tacloban City alone is PhP53 million.
Some of the major fishing zones of the country are found in Eastern Visayas. These include the
Philippine Sea, Leyte Gulf, and the bays of Matarinao, Quinapondan, Oras, and San Policarpo.
These fisheries rely on the integrity of the coral reefs. In the RAY, it is estimated that 1,555 km2
of coral reefs, valued at PhP570 million, were damaged. Tuna-producing municipalities in Eastern
Samar and the seaweed-producing towns of Guiuan and Bato were severely affected. Similarly,
the freshwater fishponds in Leyte, hatcheries in Guiuan, and the mariculture zones of Basey,
Quinapondan, Tacloban, Carigara, Babatngon, Leyte, and Merida were heavily inundated.
Aside from damage to fish habitats, coastal land was modified during the storm surge. River and
creek estuaries have been clogged with debris, mud, and silt.
27
The RAY also mentioned that damage to natural parks and protected areas occurred mostly in the
areas of the Guiuan Protected Seascape and the Manicani Genetic Reserve (both located in Eastern
Samar). Damaged mangroves, which are important nursery and feeding grounds for coastal and
riverine fisheries, are located in many coastal areas. In Eastern Visayas, the DENR plans to restore
mangrove and beach forests in about 380 km of coastline, particularly in Leyte.
Overall, the environment sector suffered PhP426.30 million in damage and it requires PhP3.78
billion for its reconstruction and recovery.
Table 6. Cross-sectoral Damage, Losses and Needs (in PhP million)
Sector
Cross-sectoral
Local Government
Environment
Damage and Losses

Damage
Losses
Needs
Total
2,900.72
4,386.37
7,287.08
8,098.26
2,474.41
1,340.82
3,815.23
4,318.35
426.30
3,045.55
3,471.85
3,779.92

Macroeconomic Impact
The National Economic and Development Authority Regional Office VIII made the following
assessment on the impact of Typhoon Yolanda on the regional economy. The assessment made is
based on best available data and information submitted by Local Government Units, regional line
agencies and state universities and colleges during the PDNA field validation visits. Total damage
and losses incurred were taken into account in computing the impact on the Gross and Regional
Domestic Product.
Impact to the Gross Regional Domestic Product
The massive adverse effect of the disaster particularly in the agriculture, fisheries, industry, trade
and services sectors would again result to another contraction in the regional economy in 2013.
Based on the PDNA estimates, total regional damage and losses is placed at PhP130.41 billion.
With this disaster losses sustained by the region, the 2013 GRDP at current prices is estimated to
decline by 9.8% from its 2012 actual GRDP and lower by 14.9% compared to its target level for
2013.
Table 7. Impact on 2013 GRDP
2013 Value in Current Prices
Indicator
GRDP
2013 Pre-disaster
GRDP Target
Total Disaster
Losses
239,850,541,893
33,899,896,467.93
Revised Post-Disaster GRDP Projection

Current Prices
Constant Prices
205,950,645,425.07 116,937,681,935.65
Source: 2013-2016 EV Regional Development Plan and EV PDNA Team
The growth in the AHFF sector is expected to decline in 2013 considering the decrease in production
of major crops such as palay, coconut, corn and banana. In addition, earnings of families will
decrease since a large portion of the population depends on this sector as their primary source of
income. The damage and losses in the AHFF sector amounting to approximately PhP32.24 billion
created a big dent on the regional economy given that this sector remains a major contributor.
Trade and industry sector have been greatly affected by the disaster. Most of the businesses (small,
medium and large enterprises including processing and manufacturing plants) temporarily shut
their operations because of damaged inventories and facilities exacerbated by looting. In effect,
supply of goods was very limited thus high prices of basic commodities and construction materials
were recorded.
Major manufacturing industries also suffered from the wrath of the typhoon. PASAR and PHILPHOS,
two major processing and exporting establishments in the Leyte Industrial Development Estate
and the biggest contributors of the Manufacturing sub-sector in terms of GVA, have sustained
extensive damage and losses. As a result, production and exports of copper/ cathodes and
fertilizers will again decline.
Moreover, the New Leyte Edible Oil Manufacturing Corporation, a coconut oil export manufacturing
company in the region, sustained heavy damage causing its permanent closure. Aside from its
negative impact on the Manufacturing sub-sector, all of its employees lost their jobs. This implies
an increase in the unemployment level of the region.
Downstream economic effect on tourism is also expected. Tourism is one of the thriving industries
and one of the major thrusts of the regions economic development. However, several hotels and
resort amenities have experienced massive physical destruction like The Oriental Hotel in Palo,
Leyte, Caluwayan Beach Resort in Marabut, Samar, and Surf Camp in Guiuan, Eastern Samar. Some
of the hotel and lodging houses though that were not adversely affected experienced higher
occupancy rates because of the influx of foreign and local volunteers.
Electricity, Gas and Water Supply sub-sector is expected to have a negative growth due to the
damage wrought by the strong winds on the geothermal power generation facilities, and power
transmission and distribution networks, as well as water production and distribution facilities. The
income losses arising from the power and water supply disruption will certainly be substantial.
Air, land and water transport systems were likewise disrupted. Passengers were stranded and
cargoes were stalled due to congestion at key ports (Tacloban, Ormoc, Maasin, Sogod, San Ricardo,
Liloan, Allen). This further aggravated the high and volatile prices of commodities.
The Business Process Management (BPM) companies in the region, which posted the third highest
growth among the sub-sectors in GVA on Services from 2011-2012 and the highest drawer of
employment, were also significantly affected. Accudata and Expert Global Solutions (EGS) closed
due to damaged infrastructure and power loss. While Accudata started to resume its operations,
EGS will take some time to reopen due to severely damaged facilities. These two BPMs supported
a total of 1,900 jobs in 2012.1 Aside from its negative impact on employment, a decline in GVA
on Real Estate, Renting, and Other Business Activities (RERBA), which includes the ICT sector, is
expected in 2013.
Different financial institutions (banks) as well as money changers and money transfer facilities
closed for sometime after the typhoon. The peace and security threat and the absence of electricity
were the major concerns in banking and financial operations. The temporary closure caused a
decline of cash flow in the region, especially in the severely affected areas. The major impact on
banks was the foregone income derived from interest from deposits and loans.
Conversely, Financial Intermediation sub-sector will grow due to the expected increase in the
remittances from abroad for relief and recovery of relatives affected by the typhoon. The insurance
industry will also pick up with the increasing awareness of the benefits of insurance against
calamities.
The Construction sub-sector, both private and public constructions, is expected to rise because of
the reconstruction of damaged roads, bridges, buildings and houses. The demand of construction
materials and food supply for relief and recovery will likewise grow.
An increase in public expenditure is expected because of the reconstruction and rehabilitation
efforts to address the needs of the affected communities. Implementation of major infrastructure
programs and projects will also contribute to the growth in government expenditure.
While the negative impact of the disaster in the regions economic performance can be huge, its
impact on the overall GDP could be rather moderate considering the regions minimal share at the
national level. Moreover, the disaster effect on the regional economy could add to the economic
expansion in the long-term. Timely implementation of the countrys recovery and reconstruction
program will reduce the economic and social impact of ST Yolanda. Humanitarian assistance and
disaster relief aid from international and local organizations has also been pouring to assist the
disaster-stricken areas.
Poverty Incidence
The latest poverty statistics revealed that poverty incidence among population in Eastern Visayas
remains high at 45.2% in 2012 (Table 8). Next to ARMM, Region VIII ranked second poorest among
regions. All the three provinces of Samar Island have poverty incidence higher than the regional
1
2012 Eastern Visayas Regional Development Report
29
average and twice than that of the national figure. Eastern Samar and Northern Samar belong to
Cluster 1 or the poorest cluster of provinces in the country.
The poor are the most vulnerable to natural disasters. The post-Yolanda poverty situation of
the region is anticipated to worsen at least in the short term given the loss of livelihoods and
employment in the affected areas. More families are also expected to be unable to provide for their
basic needs such as food, shelter, and clothing. Prices of basic commodities and poverty thresholds
may also rise due to the disruption in the supply chain.
Based on initial estimates at the national level, there is strong likelihood that regional poverty
incidence may surge in the immediate and short term to as much as 10.5 percentage points, with
more than half of the population living in poverty.
The quantitative impact to the provincial poverty situation will be determined in the respective
provinces post-disaster needs assessment. However, qualitatively, the magnitude and proportion
of poor population and families can be expected to swell in Eastern Samar, Samar and Leyte as well
as Tacloban City, which are the hardest hit areas.
Table 8. Impact of Yolanda on Poverty Incidence Among Population2
Region/
Province
2012 Poverty
Incidence
(in %)
2012
Magnitude
of Poor
Population
Number of
Municipalities
Affected
Increase in
Poverty Due
to Yolanda
(in %age
points)
Projected
Poverty
Incidence
after Yolanda
(in %)
Eastern Visayas
45.2
1,882,934
63
10.54
55.74
Leyte
39.2
713,063
38
Southern Leyte
43.3
174,368
Biliran
27.5
45,762
Samar
50.0
361,045
Eastern Samar
63.7
279,607
12
Northern Samar
50.2
309,089
Source: PSA-NSO VIII
Labor and Employment

Pre-disaster Situation
The July 2013 Labor Force Survey (LFS) showed that Eastern Visayas had a labor force of around
1.914 million with a participation rate of 63.5% (Table 9). Employment rate is recorded at 95.0% or
around 1.818 million employed individuals. Underemployment, however, continues to be relatively
high at 29% affecting some 527 thousand individuals.
Table 9. Eastern Visayas Labor and Employment: July 2013
Percent
Household Population 15 Years Old and Over
Number
(in thousands)
3,010
Labor Force Participation Rate
63.6
1,914
Employment Rate
95.0
1,818
Unemployment Rate
5.0
95
Underemployment Rate
29.0
527
Source: PSA-NSO VIII, July 2013 LFS
A detailed picture of the total employed persons in the region reveals that 48.1% are wage and
salary workers, while an estimated 51.1% are either self-employed, employers or unpaid family
workers.
2
Adopted from the ADB estimates used in RAY. Impact on provincial poverty incidence will be
estimated in the provincial PDNA.
30
Among the three major groups, the AHFF sector absorbed the bulk of employed persons in the
region at 44%, while the industry sector accounted for 28.5%, and services sector for 27.5%.
Post-Disaster Assessment
Based on the rapid assessment of the Department of Labor and Employment Regional Office
VIII, there were around 3,210 registered workers who were affected by the disaster involving 546
establishments belonging in the industry and services sectors (Table 10). The bulk of affected
workers in the region is found in Leyte comprising 60.5% (1,943 workers) and employed in
distributorship and manufacturing businesses.
Termination of employees due to shutdown of business establishments and/or retrenchment is one
of the bases for reporting the number of affected workers. The displacement and loss of income
among the affected workers may lead to some emotional depression and low self-esteem. This, in
turn, also affected the other family members, particularly the children who are largely dependent
on their parents/adult family members for survival.
Table 10. Number of Affected Workers in Industry and Services by City/Province
Province/City
No. of Affected Workers
Leyte
1,943
Tacloban City
1,267
Eastern Samar
Biliran
Samar
Total
3,210
Source: DOLE VIII PDNA Report
On the other hand, the Department of Agriculture VIIIs assessment recorded 1.28 million affected
farmers and fisherfolks in the region. Leyte comprised the largest number of affected workers in
the AHFF at 712,621 individuals (Table 11).
Table 11. Number of Affected Workers in AHFF by Province
Province/City
No. of Affected Workers
Leyte
712,621
Eastern Samar
304,303
Samar
162,592
Biliran
78,677
Southern Leyte
27,893
Northern Samar
1,390
Total
Source: DA VIII PDNA Report
1,287,479
Overall, almost 99% of the affected workers in the region are found in the AHFF sector whose
main sources of income are agricultural products such as farm crops, high value crops, annimal
production, and fish production. ST Yolanda devastated more than 1.01 million hectares of
agricultural lands planted with major crops such as rice, corn, coconut, vegetables, fruit crops,
banana, and abaca, as well as livestock and fish stocks.
Workers and businesses in the informal sector were also badly affected, particularly those who
were employed and engaged in small sari-sari stores, home-based or small scale food processing
and handicrafts, backyard farming, and livestock raising.
However, workers in the public sector (government employees) are not much affected as since
their employment continued after the disaster.
Government Revenues
The regions total revenue collections in the fourth quarter of 2013 were adversely affected by the
calamity. Collection of business, income and other taxes dropped in the aftermath of the typhoon.
31
Based on the report of the Bureau of Internal Revenue, the actual revenue collections decreased
from PhP1.35 billion in the third quarter of 2013 to PhP881 million in the fourth quarter of the
same year (Table 12). This is lower by 34.8% from the previous quarter and a reduction of 41.7%
from the 2013 fourth quarters goal collection of PhP1.51 billion.
Table 12. Region VIII 2013 3rd and 4th Quarter Revenue Collection (in PhP)
Region VIII
Actual Collection
Q3 2013
Q4 2013
% Decrease
Business Tax
394,627,529.35
230,662,158.66
-41.5
Income Tax
871,682,094.75
613,630,020.92
-29.6
Other Taxes
84,743,598.19
36,585,556.44
-56.8
1,351,053,222.29
880,887,736.02
-34.8
Total
Source: BIR RR14
Across provinces in the region, revenue collection also dropped, except for Leyte, which recorded
a 20% increase from the third to the fourth quarter of 2013.3 In Tacloban City, the regions largest
urban center and one of the hardest hit areas, revenue collection significantly decreased from
PhP245 million in the third quarter to just PhP36 million in the fourth quarter of 2013.4
The reduction in tax revenues can be attributed to production and income losses of the productive
sectors. In addition, the services, trade and industry sectors have incurred foregone income as an
immediate result from the disaster and the looting incidents. Business establishments in the region
were damaged causing temporary closure and unemployment of its workers. Though a few business
establishments were able to re-open a month after the typhoon, the same was done on shorter
operating hours due to imposition of curfew and absence of power supply. Likewise, government
operations were also disrupted causing the delay in payment of government employees income
taxes. But this can be counterbalanced in the succeeding months after the typhoon.
However, on a year-on-year basis, the regions total revenue collections for 2013 managed to
achieve a positive growth of 5.72% from 2012 (Table 13). The intensified tax collection efforts
undertaken during the early part of 2013 have abated the reduced tax collections for the last
quarter of the year. While the disaster effect on the overall 2013 revenue collection was surmounted,
tax collections in the succeeding months and years may be adversely affected as the resumption
of operations by business establishments might be delayed and business losses and tax relief
and holidays are sought. Public and private spending for reconstruction and rehabilitation may
somehow offset the revenue losses.
Table 13. Region VIII Annual Revenue Collections: 2011-2013 (in PhP)
Region
Region VIII
Actual Collection (in Million Pesos)

2011
2012
2013
3,791.88
4,747.74
5,019.27*
Source: www.bir.gov.ph
*Sum of Region VIII 2013 First Semester, 3rd and 4th Quarter Actual Revenue Collections
Note: Details may not add up to their respective totals due to rounding.
In the aforecited tax collection analysis, the following should be noted though: (a) only income
tax collections before and after the typhoon are included; and (b) most of the severely affected
families are from the lowest income deciles whose sources of livelihood belonged to the informal
sector with very minimal tax compliance.
Prices
The regions average inflation rose from 3.0% in 2012 to 4.3% in 2013 (Table 14). This rate is still
within the governments 3.0-5.0% inflation target for 2013. The increase is due to the observed
higher prices of basic commodities such as oils and fats and sugar, jam, honey, chocolate and
confectionery as well as increase in prices of transport services.
3
4
32
PSA-NSCB 2013 3rd and 4th Quarter Statwatch

PSA-NSCB 2013 3rd and 4th Quarter Statwatch
Eastern Visayas recorded the highest year-on-year regional inflation for 2013, at 4.3% in December
in the aftermath of Supertyphoon Yolanda (Table 14). The purchasing power of peso
During that period, prices of commodities increased in all provinces. Highest inflation rate among
the provinces in December 2013 was recorded in Samar at 14.0%, followed by Eastern Samar and
Biliran at 9.2% and 8.5%, respectively. Price increase in these areas is attributed to the limited
supply of goods and services in the devastated areas, thus forcing the people to move into the
proximate capital towns and cities (e.g. Catbalogan and Maasin) to purchase basic goods and
services. The rest of the provinces had less than 6.1% price increase.
Table 14. Consumer Price Index, Inflation Rate, and Purchasing Power of Peso in Region VIII:
2012-2013
Year
CPI
Inflation Rate
Purchasing Power of
Peso
2011
129.8
4.5
0.77
2012
133.7
3.0
0.75
2013
139.5
4.3
0.72
Supply further became scarcer due to the congestion in the major ports such as Matnog and Lipata,
which accommodated and prioritized the transport of relief goods for the victims of the typhoon.
The congestion also contributed to the delayed delivery of consumer goods to non-affected areas.
From October 2013 to November 2013, a month after Supertyphoon Yolanda hit the region,
alcoholic beverages and tobacco, clothing and footwear, housing, water, electricity, gas and other
fuels, furnishing, household equipment, recreation and culture and restaurant, and miscellaneous
goods and services recorded a reduction in their month-on-month inflation rates due to the
low demand for basic commodities (Table 15). The low demand is explained by the continued
distribution of relief goods in the disaster-inflicted areas.
However, starting from November 2013 to December 2013, based on the month-on-month
inflation rate, all commodities recorded an abrupt increase in prices with the high demand and low
supply of said basic commodities (such as food, construction materials and gas).
Continued increase in prices of construction materials as well as household and office furniture
and fixtures are expected in the ensuing months with the ongoing reconstruction of damaged
structures in the affected areas.
Table 15. Month-on-Month Regional Inflation by Commodity Group in Eastern Visayas: October,
November and December 2013, (2006=100)
Commodity Group
2013
October
November
December
All Items
0.4
0.4
1.8
Food and Non-Alcoholic Beverages
0.5
0.5
2.6
Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco
0.3
-0.3
2.9
Clothing and Footwear
0.6
0.3
0.8
Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas and

Other Fuels
1.0
0.2
1.3
Furnishing, Household Equipment,

and Routine House Maintenance
0.7
0.6
0.5
Health
0.3
0.3
0.6
Transport
0.0
0.0
0.5
Communication
0.0
0.0
0.0
Recreation and Culture
0.2
0.0
0.2
Education
0.0
0.0
0.0
Restaurant and Miscellaneous

Goods and Services
0.1
0.0
0.7
33
Photo Credit: Edwin Malasig/Rappler
Looting:
side-effect of yolanda
After Tacloban City was heavily devastated by Typhoon Yolanda, the city became a vast
wasteland where thousands were left homeless and without food, water, clothes, and
other basic neccessities. National highways and roads were not passable for several
days, delaying the arrival and distribution of relief goods.
Such a situation led to multitudes of people suffering from starvation and thirst. As a
consequence, the whole city and certain parts of adjoining towns of Palo and Tanauan
were found in extremely dire circumstances where there was chaos and law and order
became totally absent. This erupted when people panicked to secure food, water,
clothes, and temporary shelter. The so-called survival instint was made manifest by
herds of people ransacking and looting almost all stores and warehouses in the city.
Based on records, looting incidents occurred right after the onslaught of Yolanda
up to several days after. Observations have it that not all the looters were survivors
from Tacloban. Some of them came from less affected areas as far as Samar, who took
advantage of the situation in order to gain. Trucks and vans were reported to have
been loaded with loots from commercial establishments including appliances and
motorcycles. This massive looting incident exacerbated the already pathetic condition
after the onslaught of Yolanda. As business owners suffered from the destruction of
their stores and shops and facilities, and lost all their stocks, they became hard-put in
reopening their respective businesses. It compromised nearly the entire business sector
of Tacloban City. As a consequence, trading and service delivery had been jeopardized.
Photo Credit: DA VIII
Photo Credit: www.thetimes.com
Chapter 4
Bouncing Back
from Yolanda
This chapter presents the rehabilitation and recovery framework for the region after the devastation
wrought by Yolanda. It captures the entire gamut of interventions necessary to initially help the
region get back to its feet, and eventually to rebuild itself better and safer.
In here are the proposed rehabilitation and recovery programs, projects and activities (PPAs) for
each of the major sectors and sub-sectors of the region. Most of these are committed to be
undertaken mainly by the government, both national and local, while some need private sector
support.
The interventions come in two sets. The first one is a list of priority PPAs that should be given
utmost attention and corresponding resources in terms of time, manpower and budget. These are
deemed priority on the basis of their impact to regional recovery and development and geographic
scope (i.e., regional or interprovincial). These include restoration of basic infrastructure facilities
and utilities, governance, and the recovery of priority industries along agri-business, tourism and
ICT the three key thrusts embodied in the Updated Regional Development Plan 2014-2016.
Despite Yolanda, it is believed that the regions potentials are still within these three sectors. The
second set is a list of all PPAs. However, for the sake of conciseness of the main Plan document,
the lists provided here are just generic. Detailed information on location, target beneficiaries, lead
implementing agency, budget for specific PPAs, and fund sources can be found in the companion
document, Eastern Visayas Yolanda Investment Program.
Also, included in this document is a list of policy recommendations that are intended to manage
risks and remove bottlenecks in implementation. These policy recommendations include those
that seek to amend existing policies that are no longer relevant, especially in disaster and postdisaster times, as well as those that seek to formulate new policies needed for more efficient
development processes.
As a guide to all actions, the principles of rehabilitation and recovery efforts are also given in the
beginning of this chapter.
35
Principles
Consistent with the RAY, the principles to be followed in SULHOG are based on lessons learned
from experiences on previous disasters, both in and out of the country.
Basic Guiding Principle: Triple B Build Back Better
Core Principles:
1. Strong multi-level and multi-sectoral coordination between and among national government
line agencies, local government units, international and local donors, civil society organizations,
and the private sector. Such coordination will be based on common rehabilitation and recovery
(R&R) goals with standards set by the government, which will also be responsible for managing
risks and addressing bottlenecks in implementation.
2. Partnering with the private sector in opening up supply chains, committing production, and
providing assistance in terms of logistics
3. Implementation shall be the primary responsibility of the government, both by the local
government and the national government agencies. Coordination between the two should
also be ascertained in all R&R efforts.
4. LGU implementation of R&R interventions shall be supported with capacity development to
ensure that these are tailor-fit to local conditions and promotes community participation,
ownership and sustainability.
5. R&R should pursue inclusiveness and sustainable livelihood so as to address poverty.
6. Implementation at both levels should be adapted to government systems, wherein ways to
fast-track operations while managing risks and ensuring transparency and accountability shall
be devised.
7. A robust monitoring and evaluation system will be established to track and assess gains and
headways as well as failures and the underlying factors for the purpose of introducing remedial
solutions.
8. Accountability shall be ascertained by using enhanced audit and establishing a grievance and
redress system.
9. Outsourcing and use of channels with the strongest incentives for funds utilization shall be
explored to speed-up R&R.
10. Gender rights shall be protected and gender equality promoted in all R&R efforts.
36
Pathway to Recovery
Disaster Impact
Critical Immediate Actions
Short-/Medium-term Actions
Houses partially or totally

damaged
Housing kits, temporary

housing
Construct permanent housing

for targeted groups
Public infrastructure damaged Rebuild/repair damaged

roads, bridges, airports,
ports, utilities with affordable
disaster resilient standards
Complete rebuilding
Education and health services

suspended
Rebuild/repair and re-equip

schools, clinic, health station;
deploy incremental staff
Restore services to predisaster level with affordable

disaster resilient standards
Rural production systems and

value chains interrupted
Provision of inputs, assets;

cash grants for clearing
Rehabilitate irrigation; replant

coconuts; rebuild public
storage facilities; re-establish
fisheries
Loss of income-earning
opportunities
Short-term cash-for-work
programs; livelihood/training
programs
Transition to labor market

programs, skills development
Social protection programs
Destruction of private assets
Increase financial sector

liquidity (e.g., repayment
holidays; incentives to
microfinance institutions)
Source: Reconstruction Assistance to Yolanda (RAY)
Transition back to marketbased solutions
Priority Interventions
Permanent housing for those living in the hazard areas. These should be accompanied with
livelihood options and social services. Urgent actions needed here would include identification of
communities to be relocated, relocation sites, land acquisition and development.
Relocation of establishments in danger zones to include offices, stores/shops and other business
establishments, schools, hospitals/health centers, among other public structures to safe grounds.
Employment and livelihood. Jobs and alternative means of livelihood should be generated to
provide source of income to the many displaced individuals. These should be made available to
catch up with the eventual termination of the relief phase and the cash-for-work and emergency
employment schemes. Priority attention should be given to the farmers and fisherfolks as they
are the most affected sectors. Coconut-dependent farmers must be given opportunities to shift
from coconut to other crops and commodities. Crop diversification or multi-cropping should be
strongly promoted.
Rehabilitation of priority crops and commodities in agriculture and fisheries to include palay,
coconut, abaca, banana, bangus, seaweeds, and mussels as identified in the Regional Agri-business
Development Roadmap. However, other potential crops and commodities should also be identified
and explored for development.
Support to MSMEs. The contribution of micro, small and medium enterprises should be scaled up
to allow the regions economy to veer from too much dependence on the heavy industries located
in the LIDE. The revival/enhancement of these MSMEs is expected to prop up the manufacturing
sub-sector and its contribution to the GRDP, and generate jobs as well.
Support to tourism. Eastern Visayas as a worthwhile tourism destination by virtue of its historical
and natural assets should be worked upon immediately. This requires restoration of damaged
tourism sites and the tourism value chain. The large visitors influx to the region after Yolanda
could be taken as an opportunity to promote tourism for the region.
Support to ICT. Aside from the basic necessity of providing communication lines, the ICT sector
should be revived since it hosts the BPMO as potential employment generator. This would entail
restoration/improvement of digital infrastructure, human resource development, and investment
37
promotion to entice the pre-Yolanda locators to come back and the prospective investors to locate
in the already existing 6.8-hectare Leyte ICT Park and the 22-hectare Leyte Mikyu Economic Zone
in Pawing, Palo, Leyte.
Reconstruction of damaged infrastructure. All of the aforementioned priority interventions
will encounter implementation difficulties if the infrastructure sector will not be given primary
attention. Actions should encompass repair/rehabilitation of damaged infrastructure facilities/
utilities and construction of new ones. These include roads and bridges, airports and seaports, fish
ports, warehouses, public markets, schools and hospitals/health centers, and the like.
Restoration of governance. The national and local government are the prime movers of all
rehabilitation and recovery efforts. If immobilized due to the devastating effects of Yolanda on
their office buildings, equipment and facilities, they cannot function effectively and efficiently.
Thus, priority should also be given to the repair/rehabilitation of destroyed government offices,
procurement of vehicles, computers and other equipment and facilities, and beefing up of
manpower.
Complete List of All Interventions

Strategies
1. Strict implementation of policy standards on transport infrastructure projects
2. Strict monitoring/supervision during construction period to ensure that the project design
standard shall be followed
3. Roads, bridges, flood control and other transport infrastructure must undergo regular
maintenance
4. Disaster-resilient design options for roads, bridges and flood control structures that can
withstand super typhoons as well as resist high-magnitude earthquakes and severe flooding
5. Increasing Equivalent Maintenance per Kilometer (EMK)
6. Procurement of additional equipment in each engineering district such as backhoe, loader,
dump trucks and other service vehicles
7. Capability building on disaster risk reduction of control group in regional/district offices
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities by Sub-sector
Transportation
1. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of damaged roads and bridges
2. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of airports and seaports
Flood Control
Repair/rehabilitation of flood control structures including drainage systems, seawalls
Lifeline Facilities/Utilities
Power
1. Deployment of line crews by the National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP) to
expedite restoration efforts in the hardest hit areas
2. Conduct training of (local) linemen
3. Total reconstruction of substations, sub-transmission lines and distribution lines
4. Grant of PhP3.929 billion subsidy of the National Electrification Administration (NEA) to
Yolanda-affected electric cooperatives
The bulk of the subsidy will go to Leyte V Electric Cooperative, Inc. (Leyeco V); Don Orestes
Romualdez Electric Cooperative, Inc. (DORELCO/LEYECO I); Leyte II Electric Cooperative,
Inc. (LEYECO II); Leyte III Electric Cooperative, Inc. (LEYECO III); and Eastern Samar Electric
Cooperative, Inc. (ESAMELCO) which are in need of totally reconstructing their distribution
lines.
38
Water
1. Improvement of open drainage system
2. Development of filtration plant
3. Development of alternate power system (Hydro-Electric/Solar Power)
4. Reforestation (Restoration of Watershed Area)
5. Reconstruction of warehouse/storage building
6. Construction of laboratory house and facilities
7. Repair/rehabilitation of damaged pipeline
8. Construction of pipeline bridge for transmission lines
9. Improvement of retaining walls
10. Reconstruction of settling basin perimeter
11. Installation of two-way radio
Communication/Telecommunications
1. Priority importation of equipment for the reconstruction of the temporary set-up of the
CMTS network, broadcast network, CATV system, and outside plant facilities of BTS
2. Restoration of cellular mobile telephone and internet/data services in all affected areas
3. Formulation of a policy on mandatory insurance coverage of all telecommunications and
broadcast facilities (violation thereof is will result to revocation of issued franchises and
authorizations)
4. Subsidy for the importation of equipment and accessories needed in the TELCOs and
broadcast industry
5. Tax breaks (customs duties and other levies)
6. Recapitalization of operating expenses
7. Making supplies available supplies in the local market
8. Extension of financial aid to telecom and broadcast sector with long term payment and low
interest rate
9. Passage of House Bill 353 compelling telecommunication companies to send free mobile
alert warnings of impending natural and manmade disasters (alerts to consist of updated
information from concerned agencies to be sent directly to mobile phone subscribers
located near and within the affected areas).
10. Issuance by the National Telecommunications Commission for a one-year suspension of the
imposition of surcharge in filing of renewal of stakeholders permits. Also, an MC for the
registration of illegally own two way radio units.
11. LGU should pass an ordinance in relation to the dismantling of destroyed cables and
damaged post of telecommunication companies and CATV providers in their respective area
of jurisdiction.
Irrigation
1. Repair/rehabilitation of damaged national and communal irrigation systems
Including dams, canals and canal structures, and building
2. Repair/rehabilitation of the Hibulangan Small Reservoir Irrigation Project (SRIP)
Including dams, canals and canal structures, and building
3. Canal clearing operations (Cash-for-work)
Social Infrastructure
1. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of damaged school buildings
2. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of damaged hospital, rural health units and barangay
health stations
39
Economic Sector
Agriculture
Strategies
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Restoration of farming communities

Improvements in agriculture and fisheries productivity
Creation of enabling policies/environment
Improvements in social/institutional competence
Encouraging and supporting diversified agriculture and fisheries production systems to
increase resilience, enhance food security and nutrition at the household level while also
generating a higher household income
The following is the complete set of proposed programs, projects and activities that will build
back better the agricultural landscape of Eastern Visayas:
General Interventions
1. Establishment of the Sustainable Livelihood Enterprise Development in cluster areas
Coconut & Coco-based Products Enterprises
Banana (Musa balbisiana) Production Enterprise
Abaca Production Enterprise
Hybrid Rice Production Enterprise
Organic Vegetable Production Enterprise
Green Corn & Feed Grain Enterprise
Jackfruit Production & Processing Enterprise
Native Chicken/Duck-Balut/Carabao/Cattle/Goat/Sheep Production Enterprises
Native Chicken/Dairy Goat Production Enterprises
Aquaculture/Bangus/Seaweeds Livelihood Enterprises
Bio-organic Fertilizer Production Enterprise
Mushroom Production Enterprise
2. Rootcrops Production Enterprises Clearing operations
3. Intercropping/diversification of crops
4. Cash cropping
5. Provision of tractors, farm tools, boats, etc.
6. Fuel subsidy for tractors and other farm machineries
7. Provision of farm implements, e.g., seeds, fingerlings, seedlings, fertilizers, among others
8. Restocking of livestock
9. Conduct of technical trainings and establishment of techno-demos
10. Rehabilitation of infrastructure and post-harvest facilities
11. Housing relocation for marginal fisherfolks affected by the 40-meter no-build zone
Relocation site to be accompanied with alternative/supplemental livelihood and social
services
Construction of fisherfolks huts but not as housing units for fishing families
12. Insurance premiums for emergency employment
13. Conduct capacity development activities for farmers and fisherfolk associations/cooperatives
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities by Crop/Commodity
Palay
Component A: Strategic Production Zone
1. Fuel subsidy for land preparation
2. Cash-for-work for irrigation canal clearing
3. Farm tools distribution
4. Seeds/fertlizer subsidy (Provision of hybrid seeds, CS, or urea)
5. Farm machineries servicing (Provision of subsidy for farm machinery rental for land
preparation)
6. Resiliency projects/initiatives (Provision of Grain Super Rice)
40
7. Provision of full premium crop insurance subsidy

8. Repair of government facilities
Component B: Strategic Production Zone
1. Rehabilitation of warehouses and milling facilities
2. Provision of 5-MT capacity hermetic cocoons to seed growers
Corn
Component A: Strategic Production Zone
1. Fuel subsidy for land preparation
2. Cash-for-work for land preparation and planting
Seeds/fertlizer subsidy (Provision of seeds, corn and cassava planting materials and/or
fertilizer)
3. Technical training on corn and cassava production
4. Provision of 90HP farm tractor
Component B: Strategic Production Zone
1. Rehab of village-type dryers
2. Distribution of post-harvest facilities e.g. mobile corn mill, cassava granulator cum shredder,
cassava grater
Abaca
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Cash-for-work (Clearing of fallen shades trees and Re-planting of abaca farms)

Provision of tissue cultured abaca planting materials
Provision of farm tools
Establishment of open-type high-density nursery
Expansion of the Diagnostic and Abaca Tissue Culture Lab
Fabrication and installation of collapsible abaca nursery
Repair of damaged transformer at the Abaca Tissue Culture Lab
Roof repair of the Abaca Protected Nursery
Riprap construction of the eroded portion of the Abaca Tissue Culture Lab
Coconut
1. Coconut Shelter Assistance Project (Deployment of chain saws and Provision of fuel and
wages for the chain operators and assistants)
2. Immediate release of Participatory Coconut Planting Program (PCPP) Phase II checks
3. Proper disposal of coconut debris using charcoal kiln and briquetting machine
4. Cash cropping (Cash-for-work and Provision of seeds and planting materials for short
gestation crops e.g. corn, vegetables, rootcrops, etc.)
5. Incentive-based coconut crown sanitation
6. Recommend to Pres. Aquino the issuance of an EO mandating the Coconut Industry
Investment Fund (CIIF) Foundation to grant free tertiary education to children of Yolandaaffected coconut farmers
7. Replanting of totally damaged trees
Sugarcane1
1. Income/food for sugar farm workers
Cash-for-work program
Government and other institutions continue relief operations until milling operation
starts.
Government should impose price control on rice and other basic food commodities. NFA
should sell sufficient quantity of rice at pre-Yolanda prices.
For any government related projects, contractor should hire local unskilled labor.
2. Repair of Farm Workers Houses
Allocate government/private funds to help farmers rebuild their houses. Funding may
be sourced from calamity rehabilitation fund or any grant from other private or foreign
organizations.
Impose price freeze on all construction materials and other related hardware
1
Adapted from the Ormoc-Kananga Mill District Development Foundation (MDCCI), Inc. Proposal
41
42
3. Financial Help for Farmers

Outright financial assistance or grant to farmers by tapping grants from donor countries
and other institutions
Soft loan to farmers with a minimal service fee. Funding may be sourced from ACEF,
PRDP Fund, AGRI-AGRA Fund and other GFIs
Amnesty on delinquent real property taxes due on agricultural lands to be granted by
LGUs.
Suspension of penalties and surcharges on late tax payments including suspension of tax
audits by the BIR and LGUs
Condonation of interest charges on loans availed from government owned banks and
other financial institutions
Condonation of interest charges applied on fertilizer assistance program (HISUMCO)
Repair/replacement of damaged/lost spare parts, fertilizer, warehouse, motorpool,
equipment, vehicles and transloading stations
Duty-free importation of farm equipment, fertilizer, vehicles, parts and other related farm
& mill equipment and machineries
Exemption from the coverage of E-VAT of all purchases of spare parts, fertilizer and
chemicals, warehouse and motorpool materials, farm equipment and vehicles and
materials for the repair of transloading stations during the rehabilitation and rebuilding
period in Yolanda-devastated areas
Strict monitoring of prices of commodities and other construction materials and
prevention of hoarding by unscrupulous businessmen (DTI)
Priority to shipment and continued waiving of port and arrastre charges of commodities
and other materials from any ports of Mindanao, Visayas and Luzon for the rehabilitation
and rebuilding of Yolanda-devastated areas (PPA)
4. Repair of Farm-to-Mill Roads and Bridges
Immediate meeting between the LGUs and national government agencies in order to
assign responsibility of projects and assignment of funding whether from local calamity
fund or national rehabilitation fund
Immediate repair of farm-to-mill roads in order to make these passable by hauling trucks
in time for the start of milling period
Immediate repair of bridges from farm-to-mill in order to make these passable by
hauling trucks in time for the start of milling period
Immediate restoration of power lines to the farms
Continuing improvement and upgrading to concrete pavement of farm-to-mill roads
during the medium and long terms
Continuing improvement and upgrading of bailey bridges to RCDG Model during the
medium and long terms
Continuing improvement and upgrading of drainage system of farm-to-mill roads and
possible donation of all-terrain wheel type excavator to MDDC
5. Repair of MDDC Facilities, Machineries and Nursery Stations
Repair of office building
Purchase of office equipment to replace damaged units
Possible donation of all-terrain wheel type excavator to MDDC
Repair of Greenhouse, Seedling Shed, Trichogramma Laboratory, and Motorpool Building
Replacement of damaged tractor parts and other consumables
Replacement of damaged fertilizers
Replacement of Mini-Weather Stations
Rehabilitation and expansion of nurseries to address the expected shortfall of planting
materials
Fund sourcing from the Calamity Fund, Sugar-ACEF Funds, PHILSURIN, and SRA or from
local and foreign donors.
6. Early Start of Milling
Immediate restoration of power lines affecting the mill including, but not limited to, plant
site transmission lines to resume operations (LEYECO V)
Priority of shipment of all materials, spare parts and other consumables for the repair,
restoration and reconstruction of all affected facilities of the sugar mill (NGCP, Leyeco V,
PPA)
Farm Modernization and Mechanization Program, including research and development
program
Duty-free importation of farm equipment and implements
Ensuring quality of locally manufactured farm equipment and implements (Bureau of
Standards)
Financial assistance through easy-term loans for the acquisition of farm equipment and
implements
Soil Management Program, Bio-Organic Fertilizer Program and Geographic Information
System (GIS)
Setting up of state-of-the-art Soils and Leaf Tissue Analysis Laboratory
Research, Development and Implementation of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Program
Setting-up of a GIS Program for the Sugar Industry of Region VIII and corresponding
training
Fund sourcing from AFMA, DOST, DA, PRDP Funds, local and foreign grants and
Rehabilitation and Calamity Fund
High-Value Crops
1.
2.
3.
4.
Establishment of Gulayan sa Paaralan

Establishment of organic fertilizer production facility
Establishment/rehabilitation of production facilities
Provision of farm implements
Livestock
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Distribution of veterinary paraphernalia

Provision of drugs and biologics
Provision of construction materials, incubators, hogwires, feed supplements/suttings, etc.
Animal re-stocking
Breeder stock infusion for production centers
Establishment/Strengthening of livestock organizations
Infusion of native animals in production centers
Poultry2
Immediate
1. Extension of BIR deadline of filing of damage report from 45 days to 6 months
2. Suspension of collection of the withholding taxes for 1 year
3. Staggered payment of business permit fees, real property taxes, and ECF within one year
since there is no exemption allowed
4. Immediate restoration of electricity through:
Downloading of NEA funds (subsidy) to the electric coops (include the poultry industry
as a priority for reconnection)
Assistance from other electric cooperatives in terms of manpower and equipment to
augment the resources of the regions local electric cooperatives
Staggered payment of past dues and reconnection fees
5. Provision by government of water pumps to poultry growers
6. Extension of financial assistance in the form of loans
Tripartite agreement among the bank, contract grower, and integrator in place of
collateral
Easy financial packages such as, but not limited to, DTIs collateral-free 5% interest loan
7. Agricultural Competitiveness Enhancement Fund (ACEF) of DA
Create a national composite team to monitor ACEF projects
Redesign ACEF to downgrade objectives from raising competitiveness to rehabilitating
agriculture so as to enable Yolanda-affected agriculture players to avail of project funds
8. Deployment of police personnel in poultry areas to increase security
9. Price monitoring/regulate on poultry equipment
10. Communication to growers in other regions of the commitment of local growers to restart
their business in order to sustain/increase in market share of the regions poultry industry
11. Insurance for poultry industry players
Request subsidy for premiums of insurance for poultry industry players
Availment of insurance from PCIC
Long term
Conduct study on the feasibility of establishing a feed production facility in the region
2
Output of the Regional Poultry Industry Workshop held on Janruary 15, 2014
43
Fisheries
Immediate
1. Inventory of fisherfolk and assessment of fisheries damage
2. Distribution of food packs
3. AHON Program (Provision of materials for the repair of fishing boats (marine plywood,
copper nails, marine epoxy and paint); Cash-for-work
4. Replacement of engine and fishing gears
5. Training and provision of fiberglass boats for fisherfolk with lost/ totally damaged boats
6. Rehabilitation of cages in Mariculture Parks
7. Rehabilitation of tilapia cages in Lake Bito, McArthur, Leyte
8. Rehabilitation of women-related livelihood activities
9. Assessment of ecological habitats (mangrove, coral reefs and seagrass beds)
10. Rehabilitation of fish sanctuaries
11. Rehabilitation of aquasilviculture projects
Short-term
1. Rehabilitation of Mariculture Parks
2. Rehabilitation of Seaweed and Aquafarm Development Program
3. Provision of patrol boats
4. Distribution of fishing gears and fishing banca
5. Rehabilitation of BFAR laboratories, hatcheries, nurseries, and facilities
Long-term
1. Rehabilitation of infrastructure and post-harvest facilities
2. Establishment of fish ports
3. Provision of 3-tonner mobile ice plants
4. Construction of fishery products value-adding facilities
5. Establishment of fiberglass-making facilities
6. Assessment of ecological habitats (mangrove, coral reefs, and seagrass beds)
7. Rehabilitation of fish sanctuaries/marine protected areas
Others
Housing relocation site for marginal fisherfolks affected by the 40-meter no-build zone
should be accompanied, if not accessible to, alternative and/or supplemental livelihood and
social services
Trade, Industry and Services (TIS)
Strategies
1. Restoration of flow of cash
2. Rebuilding of micro-distribution
3. Focus of support to small and medium enterprises (agri-business) to strengthen the industry
sector
4. Revival of sari-sari store economy
5. Skills matching of the human resource in the region to supply manpower of the manufacturing
companies thus increase employment for the people of the region
6. Exercising leniency and utmost understanding in the collection of outstanding balances/
accounts receivables from businesses in Tacloban City
7. Encourage national level suppliers and manufacturers to
8. Interlink of trade and industry and services to transportation, power, water and other
infrastructure facilities and utilities
1. Soft or concessional loan from banks or DTI
2. Adopt A Business program (Develop a framework and mechanics for big businesses from
other HUCs and Metro Manila to directly assist local Tacloban business owners who are
seeking immediate aid to start their local business but do not have immediate working capital,
equipment or stocks to resume their businesses)
3. Diskwento Caravan
44
4. Establishment of Diskwento Product Depot

5. Entrepreneurship and skills training programs
6. Creation of a Business Assistance Center
7. Participation in the Visayas Wide Trade Fair for Yolanda-affected MSMEs
8. Capacity development for business membership organizations
9. Development of Business Parks
10. Development of the Eastern Visayas Regional Growth Center (EVRGC) and light industrial
economic zone
11. Revitalization of industrial economic zone
12. Conduct of a feasibility study on renovating the DTI-VIII Regional Training Center into a
typhoon-resilient warehouse for the retail trading sector of Leyte. This will address the
problem of scarcity of supply of basic commodities and construction materials that usually
happens after natural calamities.
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities by Industry
Basic Food/Clothing Retail Distribution
Sari-Sari Store/Talipapa
1. Construction/Repair of market stalls, talipapa (include in priority list of infrastructure rebuild
priority of LGUs
2. Extension of price break on supplies of basic goods in affected areas by private enterprises
3. Focus on basic tingi products or single-serve packs to maximize consumer cash flow and
fresh produce
4. Special windows for withdrawal of savings and/or remittances for cash economy
5. Scaling-up of Diskwento Caravan across affected areas
6. Fast-tracking building of supply depots for forward deployment of supply goods (Diskwento
Depot)
7. Strategic, quick build and deployment of pre-fab talipapa stalls
8. Rebuilding of damaged market stalls (DPWH)
9. Acquisition of new timbangans via ODA or direct government purchase (DTI)
10. Temporary reduction/freezing on single-serve, small size items with private enterprises
11. Micro-finance credit to entrepreneurs. Provide access to lower interest rates or reduced fees
via government subsidy (SBCorp, Landbank, DBP, BSP)
12. Cash transfer from remittances via roving money changers (with DTI Roving Caravan)
13. Acceleration and proliferation of ATM and bank branch reopening (BSP/DOF)
14. Grant in kind (e.g. sari-sari store) Project
Construction Industry
1. Conduct of construction-related training programs (how to build houses, make hollow blocks)
2. Extension of merchant seed money to beneficiaries to distribute goods downstream through
Instant Puhunan/Merchant Seeding Program in Diskwento Depots
Provision of start-up capital in the form of goods inventory to micro-entrepreneurs
Distribution of goods downstream by micro-entrepreneurs
Replenishment of goods with realized sales and drawing again from Diskwento Depot,
with maximum of up to five (5) draws
3. Training and skills development for beneficiary
4. Establishment of Diskwento Depots in key areas
Cottage Industry/SME Development
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Micro-finance/Loan guarantees to MSMEs

Funding assistance to restore existing equipment back to working condition
Easy financing for new equipment to replace non-serviceable items
Assistance to MSMEs that depend on cottage industry supply chain
Downscale entrepreneurship and skills training for displaced barangay folk
Scale-up and re-focus DTI SSF Program to provide shared facilities to affected downscale
industry
7. Financing assistance to next level MSMEs via reduced fees and interest rates
45
8. Scale-up training programs

9. Entrepreneurial assistance (DTI, SBC)
10. Skills assistance (DTI, PPTC, TESDA)
11. Small Enterprise Technology Upgrading Program (SETUP)
12. Assistance to enterprises through SETUP of DOST
13. Micro-finance credit and loan guarantees to entrepreneurs at reduced fees for food/clothing
retail and cottage industry consolidations to be implemented in January-June 2014
14. Reestablishment of Pasalubong Center in Tacloban City Airport and bus/port terminals
15. SME Caravan/Roving Academy
16. Institutionalized compendium of interventions to MSMEs towards exporting of products
17. Provision of SSF
18. Product development and packaging design for GDH, furniture, fashion accessories, and
souvenir items from typhoon debris
19. Community-based projects (Local Grant-in-Aid)
20. Regional Food Innovation Center
21. Production and technology transfer of Food and Nutrition Research Institute-developed
complementary foods for malnourished children
22. Establishment of a common service facility for ceramics production in Tanauan, Leyte by
adopting DOST-Industrial Technology Development Institute-developed technologies for the
production of ceramic water filter and other terracotta products, Phase I
23. Strengthening the testing and analytical capabilities of the regional laboratories to support
competitiveness of local industries
Public Mobility and Access
1. Repair of motorcycle/tricycle and small public utility vehicle as an emergency service
2. Enhanced financing and credit terms for motorcycles and tricycles (acquisition of public utility
vehicles)
3. Operation of one-stop facility to secure local franchise and pay tax/fees
Service Industry Support
1. Skills training
2. Provision of simple tools and equipment (priority to ruMEPP clients)
3. Revival of existing business pre-Yolanda, e.g. fast food chains, hardware stores including
infrastructure rebuilding and involving Chambers of Commerce and Industry (CCI) associations
4. Re-establish step-up commercial establishments such as department stores, supermarkets,
drugstores, etc.
5. Exports
6. BPM activity
7. Seaweed industry
Tourism
Strategies
1. Development and marketing of new tour packages
2. Repackage tourism capabilities/offer tours to tourist areas not affected by the Supertyphoon
Southern Leyte, Northern Samar, part of Samar and Biliran
Voluntourism
Forge marketing links with the Tourism Promotions Board, Tourism Congress, and other
industry associations
3. Capital build-up
4. Short-term grace period on payment of existing loans and waiver of interest rates
5. Access to loan facilities with low interest rates
6. Consultation with local communities on how to turn the devastation into promising tourism
attractions in the region
1. Actual assessment per tourism establishment to determine extent of damage, rehabilitation/
reconstruction work to be done and estimated time frame to become fully operational
2. Assessment of tourism sites/attractions to determine damage
46
3.
4.
5.
6.
Rehabilitation/reconstruction of tourism establishments

Rehabilitation/reconstruction of tourism sites/attractions
Rehabilitation of DZR Airport, Tacloban (medium-term)
Operationalization of Ormoc Airport (Leyte) or Maasin Airport (Southern Leyte) as temporary/
alternative gateway to Leyte Island (short-term)
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities

1. Rehabilitation of damaged attractions
2. Construction of facilities in damaged tourism areas (Kalanggaman Island, Palompon/Sohoton
Caves, Basey
3. Provision of equipment, gears for tourist activities operated by peoples organizations
4. Establishment of memorial parks and markers where thousands of people perished
5. Cash-for-work Program for local community in the clearing, rehabilitation, reconstruction of
tourist sites/facilities
6. Retooling of tour guides
ICT
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities
Photo Credit: www.nbcnews.com
1. Information System to Access the Vulnerability Exposure to Disaster in Region VIII (iSAVED),
Phase I
2. Rehabilitation of the Leyte ICT Park
3. Repair/rehabilitation/upgrading of digital infrastructure to restart the business processing and
management (BPM) industry
47
Social Sector
Housing
Strategies
1. Strict enforcement of the No Build Zone policy No dwelling units should be constructed or
erected within the 40 meters from the shorelines and within the 3 meters from the river banks
Creation and implementation of an Implementing Rules and Regulations for the No Build
Zone policy
2. Creation and implementation on policies on building code towards construction of disasterresilient structures
3. Technical assistance on safer building practice delivered at the community level
4. Experts technical support to the government on better/safer housing
5. Provision of permanent resettlement areas for the affected families
Replacement of private residential lots included in the No Build Zone
Reclamation of affected areas and putting up of prominent seawalls and breakwaters in
cases where no replacements and resettlement sites are possible
Conversion of public idle lands suitable for housing into resettlement sites
6. Opening of opportunities for informal and formal income earners through an affordable
socialized housing component on buildable zone
7. Making available medium- and high-rise housing affordable for low-income earners through
local and national developers on buildable zone
8. Provision of material assistance to private dwelling owners for the repair of devastated
structures with disaster-resilient designs
9. Provision of housing assistance to affected government employees
10. Intensifying information dissemination on the availability of housing loans/programs to
increase availment
11. Intensifying information dissemination on appropriate and safe building standards to affected
populations and implementing agencies
Programs, Projects and Activities
1. Provision of emergency shelter
Distribution of tarpaulins or plastic sheeting (emergency tent solutions) to provide roof
coverage for households with damaged houses
Distribution of shelter kits (GI sheets, umbrella nails, concrete wire nails, hammer and saw)
in Palo, Leyte, Guiuan, Eastern Samar and Tanauan, Leyte
2. Construction of 228 bunkhouses in Leyte, Eastern Samar, and Western Samar
3. Construction of permanent shelter for affected families in the No Build Zone
Tacloban North Settlement Project
Kawayan Ville Housing Project
Tacloban Resettlement Project
4. Home Emergency Loan Program (GSIS)
5. Housing Loan under the Landbank Calamity Rehabilitation Support (CARES) Program
6. Cash-for-work programs to support recovery of salvageable materials and disposal of unusable
debris, with particular focus on young underemployed males
7. Cash distributions (with monitoring) to enable households to purchase construction materials
or labor that will contribute to progressive sheltering and monitoring disaggregated by usage
type
8. Training of local carpenters, laborers, plumbers, electricians who can be utilized in repair and
reconstruction efforts
9. Production/distribution of information, education, and communication materials
Education
Basic Education
1. Establishment of temporary learning spaces (provision of tents, makeshift shelters and other
temporary/intermediate school shelter solutions)
2. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of damaged schools, schoolbuildings, and classrooms
48
3. Replacement of damaged/missing teaching and learning materials

4. Distribution of educational and other kits
Student Kits
ECD Kits
Recreational Kits
School in a Box
5. Distribution/establishment Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) facilities
6. Conduct of stress debriefing sessions in affected areas
7. Conduct of Back-to-Learning Campaign
8. Feeding Program
9. Training of teachers, principals, day-care workers and other education personnel on:
10. Trainings on DRRM for education players
Higher Education
1. Establishment of temporary classrooms
2. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of damaged schools, school buildings, classrooms, and
facilities
3. Replacement of damaged/missing educational materials and equipment
4. Training for teachers
5. Restoration of income-generating projects
6. Coconut replanting program (VSU)
7. Relocation of schools to safer areas (EVSU, VSU Tolosa)
8. Support program for returning affected students
9. Support program for affected private HEIs
Technical and Vocational Education
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Repair/rehabilitation/construction of damaged training centers/schools/classrooms

Replacement of damaged/missing teaching and learning materials
Pandayan Project
Training program on carpentry, plumbing, electrical installation and maintenance, masonry
Special Training for Employment Program
Community-based Livelihood Program
Health and Nutrition

Strategies
1. Early warning system established for detection and prevention of outbreaks in the affected
communities
2. Increasing provision of and access to essential health services (medical/surgical consultations,
reproductive health, mental health, psychosocial support, health promotion, immunization)
3. Providing support for mental health and psychosocial healing to the affected population
4. Equitable delivery of health and nutrition services across affected municipalities
Continuation of screening, outpatient and in-patient treatment and management of
diseases, blanket supplementary feeding
5. Strengthening referral system from community health facilities to higher levels of care
Reproductive health medical outreach missions by mobile teams
Health information
6. Strengthening reproductive health cares
Delivery of mobile team services for pregnant and lactating women in evacuation centers
Hygiene kit distribution with health information sessions for women of reproductive age
Support to the DOH in re-establishing comprehensive reproductive health services and
providing basic RH equipment to rehabilitate damaged rural health units
7. Intensifying public health information, education and communication
8. Putting in place surveillance systems should be in place during and after the occurrence of
disasters to closely monitor the health situation and prevent or provide timely information for
the appropriate response to disease outbreaks
9. Increasing access to health insurance
49

Short Term
1. Quick fix of damaged hospitals, rural health units, barangay health stations, and other health
facilities
2. Delivery of essential health care services to affected populations and host communities
Medical/surgical consultations
Reproductive health consultations
Immunization
Creation/dispatch of mobile teams to conduct medical outreach missions
3. Conduct of mental health and psychosocial support services to affected population
4. Establishment of early warning system for the detection and prevention of outbreaks in the
affected communities
5. School-Based Dengue (OL) Trap Roll-out
6. Conduct of public health information campaign, including hygiene, sanitation and reproductive
health
7. Delivery of nutrition services
Micronutrient supplementation
Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition
Infant and Young Child Feeding
Feeding in Emergencies
Medium Term
1. Establishment of an equitable disaster-resilient health system
2. Construction/rehabilitation of all damaged health facilities, including hospitals, rural health
units, and barangay health stations to bring them back to the level of functionality
3. Establishment of a more disaster-responsive health system
4. Construction of government warehouses to serve as stock rooms for medical equipment and
supplies in times of disasters, including family planning supplies
5. Review/assessment of needed medicines, medical supplies and other items for emergency
purposes
6. Supplementary Feeding Program
7. Infant and Young Child Program
8. Micronutrient Supplementation
9. Health and nutrition advocacy
10. Health and nutrition surveillance (including replacement of nutrition assessment tools)
11. PhilHealth coverage of members and non-members
12. Accreditation/rehabilitation of health care institutions
Long Term
1. Increasing public investments on health and nutrition, with focus on nutritionally needier areas
and groups which are nutritionally at risk.
2. Intensifying preventive and curative measures for communicable and non-communicable
diseases
3. Improving the capability of health providers, and the functionality of the health system,
including interventions to ensure adequate health manpower, pharmaceuticals, blood and
other supplies, improved health information systems, adequate staffing supply and capabilities,
functional referral systems (among public and private facilities), quality of service of health
facilities, health financing buffers of the families, as well as formal and informal engagements
/collaborations with community groups and healthcare organizations
4. Adopting the Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition (PPAN)
Social Welfare
Strategies
1. Household and community level needs assessment on shelter (listing of families in camps
who are qualified for shelter kits, coordination with the Shelter Committee on requirements of
identified families)
2. Social preparation for relocation of families/communities
3. Strong coordination with LGUs and funding agencies
50
4. Volunteerism
1. Distribution/monitoring of shelter kits to internally displaced persons (IDPs) with damaged
houses in areas declared as Can-Build Zones
2. Assessment/identification of families for relocation to transitional sites/bunkhouses
Administration and validation of data using the DAFAC
Identification of priority areas
3. Construction of permanent homes for IDPs
4. Establishment of Protection Information Management System (tracing, verification, family
reunification, follow-up)
5. Establishment of Child-Friendly Spaces in every barangay
6. Placement of children through Alternative Parental Care (Kinship Care, Foster Care)
7. Preparation for independent living of families
8. Case Management and Referral
9. Provision of Financial Assistance
10. Provision of Educational Assistance
11. Provision of Medical Assistance
12. Legal Support /Referrals for legal assistance
13. Psychological evaluation and counselling
14. Strengthening of referral system for VAWC and CNSP
15. Capacity building for residents in the Center and Institution
16. Establishment of Day Care Center in DSWD Compound
17. Conduct orientation to FP on RLA
18. Sustainable Livelihood Program Rehabilitation of affected livelihood projects
19. Cash-for-work Program for rebuilding of communities
20. Strengthened implementation of the CCT Program
21. Installation of a system on volunteer management
Cross-sectoral Interventions
Peace and Security
Yolanda has certain implications and possible consequences in relation to peace and security. The
following are interventions to address different expected scenarios.
Scenario 1
Tensed, frantic and agitated people due to the end of the Response and Relief phase and
perceived slow rehabilitation and recovery phase, resulting to looting and robbery

Providing livelihood support and sustainable employment

Sustaining and intensifying anti-criminality and crime prevention drives
Scenario 2
Weak business confidence and prolonged reopening of business operations due to peace and
security concerns

Increasing police visibility especially in business areas

Increasing the level of alertness and vigilance among PNP personnel
Scenario 3
Potential unrest in the labor sector/industrial peace affected
Translating policies into action through efficient program and project implementation
participated in by different stakeholders of the business sector
Scenario 4
Vulnerability of people/population to recruitment from CPP-NPA due to economic factors
Uplifting the socio-economic status through provision of basic social services such as livelihood
opportunities and employment
51
Advocacy and promotion of local peace efforts, and the roles of the community and their
leaders in implementing them
Upgrading the regions internal defense capability including intelligence and crime prevention
Scenario 5
Attempts of CPP-NPA to reactivate in development-ready areas
Intensifying formation of collection efforts and intelligence fusion with other members of the
intelligence community to detect any enemy hostile plan of action
Intensifying internal security operations
Environment
As important and urgent as human needs are, both short-term and long-term recovery efforts
should also take into account the needs of nature in support of improving human well-being.
Reconstruction efforts following disasters provide opportunities to bring about more far-reaching
and longer term changes. These changes will both aid recovery of peoples livelihoods and the
ecosystems upon which people rely to meet their basic needs for food, clothing and shelter and to
decrease vulnerability to future disasters as well.
Strategies
1. Establishment of a multi-layered mixed mangrove forest to serve as effective eco-shield
protective green barrier for supertyphoons
Clearing and declogging as initial part of rehabilitation
Clear/free the planting sites from debris
Clear the mouth of river from debris and sediments to allow free flow of tidal
inundation
Avoid planting the newly deposited sediments and unstable substrate
If possible, clear the root systems free from over tapping sediments
If soil deposition is quite stable, select species for rehabilitation that may be suitable
to new substrate and hydro-period
Selection of species and design for rehabilitation. First and foremost, it is necessary to
assess which mangrove trees or plants are desired for rehabilitation. Since there are scores
of varieties and species of plants in the mangrove forest, certain ones are typically chosen
over others for a rehabilitation program, such as those that are resilient to impact of storm
surge and super typhoon, can recover fast from damage, can cope up/pace with relative
sea level rise, are compatible with a mixture of species, and are adaptable to climate
changes (hydro-period, temperature, salinity, changes of substrate and gradient).
Recommended species for beach areas:
For Sandy-Silt Loam Substrate, combination of:
- Bani
- Malubago
- Banalo
- Talisay
- Melalueca
For ClayClay Loam, combination of:
- Toog
- Bagras/Red Gum
- Narra
- Mahogany
- Dao
- Rain tree
- Acacia nilotica
Establishment of the 4Rs in Mangrove Rehabilitation
Right place
Right species
Right timing
Right ways
2. Establishment of a coastal landscape of 2-3 layers Green Belt Barriers (GBB)
3. Coordination between and among the Shelter, Food Security, Health, and Education Clusters,
relevant authorities, and local government units to ensure appropriate recycling of waste/
debris
52
4. Innovative and environment-friendly waste management through debris recycling for

reconstruction of shelters and community assets
5. Application of the 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) principle in solid waste management.
6. Application of environment-friendly techniques in water management and conservation
7. Promotion of environment-friendly techniques for WASH
8. Explicit consideration of environment in livelihood and housing interventions
Projects, Programs and Activities
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
National Greening Program

Program Leyte Gulf Mangrove and Beach Forest Plantation
Seedling production
Nursery Establishment
Designation of temporary area for disposal within the Sanitary Landfill sites
Reconstruction of Sanitary Landfills
Purchase/repair of equipment (e.g. densifier, shredder)
Repair of damaged Material Recovery Facility buildings
School-based Project on Waste Recycling (e.g. Recycling of foils/doy packs into school chairs
in partnership with the DepEd, SK, EMB and Mendelez International
10. Adopt-an-Estero Program
11. Recycling of waste/debris for reconstruction of homes
12. Sorting/composting of biodegradable materials into fertilizers
13. Cash-for-work in environmental activities such as tree planting, camp clean-up and
environmental rehabilitation
14. Hiring of additional workers to secure the typhoon debris within the SLF site
15. Livelihood for indigenous communities in the upland affected by downed trees in the uplands
16. Conduct of systematic surveys/assessment to determine the extent of windblown trees in
natural forests and upland areas.
17. In storm surge areas, there is the possibility of contamination of shallow aquifers due to
hazardous waste constant monitoring is needed particularly in relation to the use of hand
pumps from shallow aquifers in affected areas
18. Use of alternative energy sources such as solar panels for water pumps and lighting for safer
use of latrines and showers
19. Rainwater harvesting, grey water reuse for small plantations, and eco-sanitation to manage
and conserve water
Macroeconomy
In view of the massive damage and losses incurred in the various sectors of the region, the already
ailing regional economy and increasing poverty situation prevailing before Yolanda, it is expected
that the socio-economic conditions of Eastern Visayas will turn for the worse.
In order to abate this, there is a need to fast-track the rehabilitation and recovery of the region.
Several interventions are herein identified to address the long-standing poverty issues, especially
in Yolanda-affected areas. These interventions aim to ensure that all recovery and reconstruction
efforts will put the region back to the track of inclusive growth through poverty reduction and
economic growth. Thus, employment and livelihood are primary concerns of the macroeconomic
sector.
Interventions to arrest the GRDP contraction
1. Fast-tracking the re-starting of agriculture (crops, fisheries, and livestock) through provision
of community-based grants or micro-credit schemes
This is very important since majority of those who lost their incomes and sources of
livelihood are the marginalized rural workers such as the farmers (most especially the
coconut farmers) and fisherfolks.
2. Fast-tracking the re-energizing of enterprises/private businesses
SMEs are engines of economic growth, thus restoring and expanding their operations is
key to sustainable employment and incomes in the region upon termination of cash-forwork and emergency employment.
53
Initially, typhoon-damaged businesses need to replace, and potentially upgrade, assets

and should have access to working capital to restore business activity.
Identification of trade and industry needs such as loan restructuring and refinancing,
guarantees, financing through cooperatives and microfinance institutions, must be
undertaken. Refinancing mechanisms for banks must also be quickly assessed, especially
in rural areas.
Interventions to recover from a high poverty incidence rate

1. Providing financial assistance to affected qualified businesses in terms of loans at lower interest
rates by government financial institutions
2. Granting tax holidays to affected businesses to help them recover during the initial stages of
their operations
3. Moratorium on payment of debts/loans from government financing institutions, especially
from the marginal sector like fisherfolks, farmers, micro-entrepreneurs who are usually not
credit-worthy to private sources
4. Temporary suspension of government fees required to reconstruct damaged structures
5. Livelihood recovery response and the development of the financial sector and business
development services
Interventions to provide sustainable livelihood and employment
1. For the business sector to provide emergency employment to affected workers/laborers at the
current minimum wage. It is proposed that 75% of the wages be shouldered by the employer
and the remaining 25% be taken from the Emergency and Temporary Employment Program
of the DOLE
2. For the government and other groups to provide cash-for-work/emergency employment such
as but not limited to:
DSWD
Livelihood assistance through cash-for-work (280,968 families, February to June 2014)
- Loading and unloading, and repacking of relief goods
- Food preparation
- Sorting and inventory of damaged property, supplies, documents, and equipment
- Clearing of debris, coastal clean-up, canal dredging
- Communal gardening
Rebuilding of community livelihood assets through cash-for-work (106,944 families, JulyDecember 2014)
Load Retailing Business for Pantawid beneficiaries in Ormoc City, Tacloban, Palo, Guiuan
(provision of cellular phones and start-up capital of PhP1,000.00 each)
BFAR
Cash-for-work for fisherfolks (one-time payment of PhP1,500 per fisherfolk) for fixing of
his/her own boat
DENR
Hiring of Forest Protection Officers for the hauling of forest products from forest lands
PCA
Cash cropping or cash-for-work and free seeds in planting of short-gestation crops
PhilFIDA
Labor services for clearing of fallen shade abaca trees and cutting of uprooted and twisted
abaca plant
DAR
Cash for vocational training to enable ARBs and non-ARBs gain easier access to employment
options
DOT
Cash-for-work program for local residents in the clearing, rehabilitation, reconstruction of
tourist sites/facilities
54
LGU Jaro, Leyte

Cash-for-work program for the repair of damaged houses (3,839 families, March-June
2014)
Cash-for-work program for communal farm
LGU Northern Samar
Cash-for-work program for 23 municipalities (9,951 families)
Other Government Agencies/LGUs/Entities
Cash-for-work program for cleaning operations, debris management, repair, among others
3. Providing alternative livelihood trainings and capitalization for workers affected by the crisis
4. Support to labor-related institutions that enhance employability, social protection and other
aspects of labor administration in post-disaster situations
Interventions to stabilize prices and lower inflation
1. Support to efforts to restore and stabilize the supply and market functions for basic goods,
materials and outputs
Governance
Strategies
1. Adopting three-pronged interventions
Ecosystems-based solutions (e. g. mangrove reforestation, coral reef rehabilitation)
Disaster-resilient structural designs
Land use planning
2. Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) and Climate Change
Adaptation (CCA) into local plans and systems
3. Capacitating DRRM councils and emergency responders (PNP, BFP, ERTs, Tanods, ACV)
4. Fast-tracking release of funds
5. Reformulation of procurement procedures attuned to disaster times
6. Institutionalization of paperless governance (records-keeping, forms storage, and the like)
7. Strengthening communication and advocacy
8. Institutionalization of transparency and accountability mechanisms
9. Close coordination between the LGUs and national government agencies in order to assign
responsibility of projects and assignment of funding whether from local calamity fund or
national rehabilitation fund
10. Revisit/ review of existing ordinances vis--vis compliance to national laws and policies
11. Tapping resources of state universities for knowledge sharing on DRRM/CCA, especially VSU
as Regional Climate Change Research Center
12. Institutionalizing monitoring and evaluation
General Programs, Projects and Activities for Local Governance
1. Clearing operations (debris management, waste collection)
2. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of public structure:
Provincial/city/municipal/barangay halls
Public markets
Slaughterhouses
Terminal/bus stations
Multi-purpose halls
Gymnasium
Civic Centers
Recreational and other facilities
3. Purchase/replacement of facilities and equipment
4. Mainstreaming DRRM/CCA into the Provincial Development and Physical Framework
Plans all provinces
5. Updating of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUPs) of cities and municipalities
6. Japan Fund for Poverty Alleviation Project: Grant for Early Recovery of Poor Municipalities
Affected by Yolanda
55
7. Project Climate Change Twin Phoenix (a technical assistance project of the Climate Change
Commission, UNDP and AusAid to mainstream DDRM/CCA in local plans of Tacloban City and
selected Yolanda-affected municipalities)
8. Implementation of the Full Disclosure Policy to include posting of documents on donations
and grants aside from the usual documents
9. Creation of emergency response groups to deliver basic social services during and after
disasters
10. Conduct trainings on disaster preparedness
11. Inclusion of monitoring reports on Yolanda in the Full Disclosure Policy for transparency and
accountability
12. Regular/special meetings of the Provincial/City/Municipal DRRM Councils
13. Installation of back-up systems and equipment that might be damaged or become inoperable
during disasters/emergencies
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities of LGU-Leyte
1. Rehabilitation/construction of hospitals
2. Rehabilitation/construction of Leyte Provincial Jail and sub-jails
3. Rehabilitation/reconstruction of school buildings
4. Rehabilitation/reconstruction of provincial offices and other structures
5. Procurement of hospital equipment
6. Construction of Regional Government Center and Evacuation Center (RGCEC) in Palo, Leyte
7. Construction of new Leyte Provincial Hospital within the RGCEC in Palo, Leyte
8. Construction of new Leyte Provincial Capitol within the RGCEC in Palo, Leyte
9. Expansion of Tacloban Port Area
10. Construction of West Bypass Road (Pawing-Campetic-Guindapunan-San Jose-Arado)
11. Construction/development of Babatngon Seaport
12. Rehabilitation/widening of Maharlika Highway, from San Juanico Bridge Tacloban-Pawing-Palo
Proper (Junction to Baybay and to Ormoc)
13. Rehabilitation/improvement of flood control of Dungcaan River Basin (Baybay City), diking
system (from river mouth to 5 km upstream for a 25-year return period)
14. Rehabilitation/improvement of flood control of Pagsangahan-Cadacan River Basin covering
Ormoc, Merida, Isabel, Palompon, Kananga and Buenavista
15. Construction of Capoocan-Leyte Coastal Road
16. Road concreting along Purisima St. (Brgy. Guindapunan)-Caloogan (San Jose)-Barayong
(Housing Site)
17. Barayong Housing Project
18. Pawing and Campetic Growth Center
19. Guindapunan Residential and Commercial Center
20. Leyte Provincial Convention Center (LPCC)
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities of LGU-Biliran
1. Rehabilitation/repair of local government facilities such as but not limited to the Provincial
Hospital, Provincial Capitol, Naval Gymnasium, etc.
2. Provision of livelihood
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities of LGU-Southern Leyte
1. Repair/rehabilitation/reconstruction of the following damaged structures:
School buildings
Roads and bridges
2. Restart of agricultural production
3. Housing assistance
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities of LGU-Eastern Samar
Rehabilitation/repair of the following facilities:
1. Provincial Hall
2. Municipal Hall
3. Barangay Hall
56
4.
5.
6.
7.
Gymnasium/Multi-purpose Buildings
Public Market
Transport Terminal
Fire Station
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities of LGU-Northern Samar

1. Rehabilitation/repair of provincial road
2. Repair of damaged classrooms and school buildings
3. Replacement of guardrails
4. Rehabilitation/repair of damaged local government facilities
5. Rehabilitation of unpaved roads and embankment CORESA
6. Cash-for-work
7. IEC
8. Suplementation
9. Treatment
10. Deworming
11. Vaccination
12. Animal dispersal
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities of LGU-Tacloban City
Immediate Infrastructure
1. Construction of school buildings
2. Clearing and declogging of drainage
3. Clearing and assessment of state universities
4. Repair of public buildings
5. National government agencies
6. City government City Hall, slaughterhouse, bus terminal, market
7. Repair of classrooms
8. Purchase and distribution of satellite phones
9. Review and localization of Building Code
10. Repair of roads and bridges
11. Repair/reconstruction of hospital and health center
Short-term Infrastructure
1. City-wide Water and Sanitation Study
2. Permanent evacuation center
3. Rehabilitation/retrofitting of Payapay and Burayan Bridge
4. Rehabilitation/reconstruction of damaged national roads including construction of drainage
system
5. Private sector initiative for communication improvements
6. New application for insurance for physical plants and facilities of Tacloban City
7. Equipment/office building for PAGASA/DOST
8. Master plan for drainage system
9. Establishment of 40-meter easement from shoreline
Medium-term Infrastructure
1. Inter-LGU Solid Waste Management Facility
2. Babatngon Port development
3. Restoration of buildings and utilities of state universities in Tacloban City
4. Construction of flood control structures along major rivers
5. Introduction of solar-powered distribution lines
6. Reconstruction of Burayan Bridge in 4 lanes (20 tons)
Long-term Infrastructure
1. Construction of Tacloban City International Airport
2. Underground power distribution and communication
3. Construction of four-lane road with sturdy shore protection
57
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities of LGU-Catbalogan City

1. Construction of a warehouse-type gym that will serve as food depot and evacuation center
during times of crisis
2. Establishment of a 145-hectare urban resettlement to 100 meters above sea level
3. Beef up equipments of stevedoring and arrastre services at the pier
4. Completion and operationalization of the Catbalogan City Airport
5. Decongestion of traffic along Rizal Avenue by removing the concrete fence road block of the
port
6. Expansion of Catbalogan Abattoir
7. Construction of the Catbalogan Terminal
8. Construction of the Buri Causeway Suspension Bridge that will connect the mainland to the
Mariculture/Aqua Park
9. Establishment of a Mariculture/Aqua Park to generate massive employment and livelihood
10. Purchase of mobile clinic
Programs, Projects and Activities LGU-Baybay City
Repair/rehabilitation/reconstruction of the following damaged structures:
1. City Hall
2. Barangay Halls
3. Gymnasiums/Multi-Purpose Building
4. Public Market
5. Transport Terminal
6. School Buildings
7. Legislative Building
8. DSWD Building
9. ABC Building
10. City Health Office
11. Rural Health Units 1 and 2
12. Barangay Health Stations
13. City roads and drainage system
14. Street lights (city and barangay)
15. Water systems
16. Irrigation systems
17. Barangay roads, bridges and spillway
Programs, Projects and Activities LGU-Ormoc City
1. Restoration of Ormoc City Hall Building
2. Restoration of AgriTech Building
3. Restoration of CAO Quarantine Services Station at port area
4. Restoration of CAO Hatchery Building
5. Restoration of CAO Nursery Building
6. Restoration of Ormoc City Health Building
7. Restoration of City Engineering Office
8. Reconstruction of CEO Motorpool
9. Repair of CEO Garage
10. Restoration of CDRRM Building
11. Restoration/improvement of buildings and structures at GSD Compound
12. Restoration of ORWASA Building
13. Restoration of ORWASA Production Building
14. Restoration of ORWASA Water Testing Laboratory Buidling
15. Restoration of Ormoc City Slaughterhouse
16. Restoration/improvement of Old City Hall
17. Restoration/improvement of City Veterinary Building
18. Restoration of City Tourism Center
19. Restoration/improvement of DILG and Police Station 1 Building
20. Restoration of Ormoc Manpower Building
21. Restoration of Superdome
22. Restoration of Ormoc City Shopping Mall
58
23. Restoration of Ormoc Public Library

24. Reconstruction of Bagsakan Building
25. Reconstruction of Ormoc Public Market Complex
26. Restoration of Ormoc Food Park
27. Restoration of 43 Barangay Halls
28. Restoration of 6 Barangay Multi-purpose Buildings
29. Restoration of Senior Citizens Building
30. Restoration of Ormoc Fire Department Building
31. Restoration of Fire Sub-station
32. Ormoc City PNP Compound
Programs, Projects and Activities for the National Government
1. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of office buildings
2. Procurement of office vehicles, computers, and other facilities/equipment to replace the
damaged units
3. Construction of Regional Government Center and Evacuation Center (RGCEC)
4. Hiring of personnel to positions vacated due to the implementation of the Rationalization Plan
5. Job outsourcing to address lack of manpower
6. Stress debriefing seminars for affected government employees
7. Support to repair/restoration of houses of government employees
8. Regular/special meetings of the Regional DRRM Council
9. Revisit of tools measuring governance vis--vis DRRM (SDP, LGPMS, CBMS, FDP)
10. Create of emergency response groups to deliver basic social services during and after
disasters
11. Review of DRRM protocols
12. Preparation of a comprehensive and strategic DRRM/CCA communication plan (messages are
clear, easily understood, and timely)
13. Installation of monitoring systems
Setting-up of the NEDA Main IT HUB-Data Center Processing
- A facility for the President to meet cabinet clusters on Yolanda, for designated
department undersecretaries to upload data on periodic reports, and to monitor live
reports from project sites, feeds from local and foreign weather tracking services, live
links to cable TV, Internet, and radio stations
Construction and regular updating of the OPARR e-PLDT-Smart-sponsored portal
- A web-based channel for monitoring of status of the implementation of
rehabilitation and recovery efforts, wherein public can access/view latest R&R updates)
59
SPECIAL SECTION ON POLICY AND OPERATIONAL ISSUES/

CONCERNS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Agriculture
Issues and Concerns
Recommendations
Responsible Agency/
Institution
Lack of technical manpower

to oversee Yolanda-related
activities
-Authorize regional technical manpower

-Fast-track RatPlan implementation
DA Family
Delayed release of logistical

support (e.g. funds)
-Fast-track release of funds

-Decentralize
PCA, PhilFIDA, NFA
Very limited seeds and planting

materials because most seed
growers and nurseries (private,
public) were also affected
-Look for other sources outside the region

-Speed up the rehabilitation and expansion
of plant nurseries and tissue culture labs
DA Family
Lack of service vehicles and

office equipment for project
implementation and M&E
Immediate purchase of service vehicles and

office equipment
DA Family
Availability of hardwood for

making the keel and processed
wood - marine plywood for the
sidings and lumber for the frame
of banca
-Better coordination with DENR

BFAR, DENR
(BFAR to write a letter to DENR Secretary to
assist in solution of the problem on shortage
of wood supply; letter to be signed by the DA
Secretary)
-DENR to look into the possibility of donating
the cleared confiscated logs/lumber/fliches
-Consider fiberglass boats as an option
Non-serviceable fishports due

to typhoon damage
Give priority to the repair of damaged

fishports
No allocation/budget for project Include in the expanded rehabilitation plan

management and M&E (e.g.
geo-tagging)
60
BFAR, PFDA
All implementing
agencies
Communications constraints to
Region 8 outside of Tacloban
City (telephone, internet)
Provide communication allowance for mobile All implementing

phones
agencies
Security of tenure for the

lease holders as all records/
documents were lost/damaged
Re-documentation of contracts of leasehold

areas
Destroyed common service

facilities in ARCs
Include repair in the expanded rehabilitation

plan
DAR, PCA
Displacement of fisherfolks/
-Provide housing relocation site for affected
residents within the 40-meter no marginal fisherfolks
should be with
build zone
alternative and/or supplemental livelihood
-Declare resettlement areas for permanent
relocation
NAPC, NHA, LGUs
No insurance for rice and

coconut
-Include upland rice in the insurance

packages under the Philippine Crop
Insurance Corporation (PCIC)
-Include coconut and by-products in the
insurance packages under PCIC
PCIC, DA
Lack of insurance for other

major crops
Provision of full premium crop insurance

subsidy
PCIC, Concerned
agencies
Vulnerability of rice variety to

salinity
Promote use of saline-tolerant and/or

submergence-tolerant rice within 100 meters
strip found along coastal areas
DA
NHA, HLURB
PCIC, PCA
Issues and Concerns
Recommendations
Responsible Agency/
Institution
Threatened food security during

and after disaster
Promote bread fruit, arrow root (yau tia)

and wild yam (kurot) as alternative foods
after calamity
DA
Vulnerability of land-based
aquaculture to disasters
-Do not allow further development of

fishponds within the 40-meter strip
-Moratorium on the development of
fishponds in mangrove areas
Enhance mangrove reforestation along the
40-meter strip
BFAR
Lack of interest in coconut

replanting
Large volume of fallen coconut
trees
-Give incentives for planting coconut trees

and subsidizing the maintenance thereof
-Encourage planting of coconuts along the
40-meter strip
DA
Lack of funds for coconut land

clearing preparation
Grant fuel subsidy for chainsaws
PCA
Lack of seeds/fertilizers for crop

production
Seeds/fertilizer subsidy (provide hybrid

seeds, certified seeds, urea)
DA
Lack of farm machinery
Provision of subsidy for farm machinery

rental for land preparation
DA
Poor quality of farm equipment

and implements
For the Bureau of Standards to look into

the quality of locally manufactured farm
equipment and implements
Bureau of Standards
DENR
DA
Lack of capitalization for farmers -Outright financial assistance or grant to

DA
farmers by tapping grants from donor
countries and other institutions
-Grant soft loan to farmers with a minimal
service fee
-Grant condonation of interest on loans
availed from government owned banks and
other financial institutions
-For HISUMCO to condone interest charges
applied on fertilizer assistance program (for
sugarcane farmers)
-Forge a tripartite agreement among the
bank, contract grower, and integrator in place
of collateral (for poultry raisers)
-Provide easy financial packages such as
but not limited to DTIs collateral-free 5%
interest loan
-Redesign Agricultural Competetiveness
Enhancement Fund (ACEF) to downgrade
objectives from raising competitiveness to
rehabilitating agriculture so as to enable
Yolanda-affected agriculture players to avail
of project funds
-Create a national composite team to
monitor ACEF projects
Exorbitant prices of poultry
equipment
Regulate and monitor price of poultry

equipment
DTI
61
Trade, Industry and Services
62
Issues and Concerns
Recommendations
Responsible Agency/
Institution
Low business confidence due to

looting and crime rate
-Pull out augmentation of police personnel

PNP
only upon assessment by the Chamber of
Commerce and Industry that everything is
back to normal
-Adopt CCTV system allocate funds for this
and for the upgrading of equipment of PNP
personnel
Lack of computers for processing

Issue directive to fast-track processing
drivers license, motor vehicle
in Yolanda-affected areas under the LTO
registration, other LTO transactions internal program
LTO
Lack of housing/dorms/boarding
houses for workers
Adopt the PPP scheme for the construction

of dorms/ houses to allow cost sharing and
ascertain disaster-resilient designs
PPP
Poor telecommunication services
Impose strict regulatory measures to

ensure improvement in the design of
telecommunication facilities
NTC
Regional economy limited only to

trading and production of copra/
rice/fisheries
Revive the Eastern Visayas Regional Growth

Center as a hub for manufacturing and
industry to invite more investments
RDC
Law on franchising impedes the

donation of vehicles by private
groups to address lack of public
transportation
-Design a scheme to facilitate the transfer of

vehicles from the donor organization to the
franchise owners
-Streamline policies for franchising and
licensing in a disaster context
LTFRB
Income losses for workers,

increased unemployment rate,
closure of establishments, lack of
manpower due to competition
from outside organizations
Institute mechanisms/design policy to

support employment programs
DOLE
Lack of information where to

get aid for business, lack of
information (e.g. business profile,
database);loss of records (e.g.
motor vehicles)
Issue a directive to LGUs/line agencies to

establish a business welfare help desk/
business assistance center
DILG, CSC, DBM
Difficulty of paying outstanding

loan payments/payment terms
Grant of soft loans to businessmen/MSMEs
GFIs (e.g. DBP, SBC),

CCI
No operating capital/liquidity for

business enterprises
-Extend low-interest loans

-Adopt profit sharing scheme
-Formulate a policy that will encourage
donors to align their grant fund with
livelihood and enterprise development
GFIs (e.g. DBP, SBC),

CCI
Delay in the delivery of stocks due

to damage in seaports/airports
and long queues in RORO facilities,
resulting in artificial shortage and
high prices of products
-Give funding priority to repair of damaged

ports
-For MARINA to allow RORO operators to
increase fees to cover the required quota,
thus speed-up return trips
DOTC, MARINA
Delay in the shipment of materials

needed for the rehabilitation
of the sugar mill in Ormoc and
Kananga
PPA to strictly give priority to shipment

and continue waiving of port and arrastre
charges for commodities and other
materials (needed for the rehabilitation and
reconstruction works) from any ports of
Mindanao, Visayas and Luzon
PPA
Issues and Concerns

Lack of supply of raw materials
Recommendations
Responsible Agency/
Institution
Provide cash grants to businessmen to

enable them to buy more stocks
DTI
Increased prices of commodities
-Strict price monitoring

-DTI to strictly monitor prices of
commodities and other construction
materials and prevent hoarding by
unscrupulous businessmen
DTI, DA, BFAD
Exorbitant prices of construction

materials
Impose a price freeze on all construction

materials and other related hardware
DTI
Totally/severely damaged
warehouses
DPWH to include in its budget financial

assistance for the repair of private
warehouses
DPWH
Shortage of labor supply due to

outmigration of skilled workers
and reluctance to work due to
relief mentality
-Issue a directive to track migration of skilled DOLE

workers
-Extend livelihood grants and conduct job
DOLE
fairs, emergency employment (cash-for-work
programs)
-Implement advocacy to eliminate relief
PIA, DSWD
mentality
Lack of supply of commodities
Difficulty of compliance to tax laws -Grant tax leniency by extending deadlines

BIR
such as deadline for filing and
-Issue memorandum on the formal
requirements for tax holiday
extension of deadline and leniency of
requirements to the Revenue District Offices
-Grant tax holidays for VAT- table businesses
and percentage tax to non-VAT table
businesses in Yolanda-affected areas
63
Social Sector
Issues and Concerns
Recommendations
Responsible Agency/
Institution
Health and Nutrition

Ambiguity in the retrieval,
management, and accounting
of cadavers/dead persons and
missing persons
Revisit the Management of the Dead

and Missing Persons (MDM) During
Emergencies and Disasters (A.O. 2007-001B)
by all concerned agencies, both local and
international
DOH
Disaster vulnerability of
hospitals
Issue policy on build safe and resilient

hospitals
DOH, DPWH
Need for computer software

database, emergency
cellphone, and emergency
Internet connection
Revisit the Health Emergency Reporting

Mechanism (D.O. 1-J, s. 2003), A.O. 2004-131
and A.O 2004-164
DOH
Inability to respond to health

emergencies
-Issue a policy mandate for the establishment

of a response team in every hospital and LGU
-Strictly enforce RA 8185 of 1997 (Emergency
Power Supply of the LGUs)
-Provision of standby generator set and
fuel for emergency power supply in every
LGU, Hospital, RHU and BHS
DOH, DILG
Malnutrition in disasters
Endorse PIMAM protocol for malnutrition

rehabilitation
DOH
Hunger/psycho-social
problems
Endorse House Bill on Right to Adequate

Food
DOH
Education
Damaged infrastructure
facilities of SUCs
For DBM to issue a guidelines that will fasttrack the downloading of funds
Difficulty of private schools to

re-operate due to lack of funds
Issue a policy that will allow government

financial assistance to private schools
DepEd, CHED, DOF
Non-affordability of coconut
farmers to finance the college
education of their children
Recommend to Pres. Aquino the issuance

of an EO mandating the Coconut Industry
Investment Fund (CIIF) Foundation to grant
free tertiary education to children of Yolandaaffected coconut farmers
PCA
Housing
64
Delay in the determination of

No Build Zone
-Issue a directive to give priority to survey and DILG, DENR

marking/ monumenting of No Build Zone
-Formulate IRR on No Build Zone Policy
Need to identify relocation

sites
-Fast-track land use planning

-Formulate zoning ordinance
Damaged houses of farmers

and fisherfolks and other
marginalized groups, and
government employees
-Allocate funds to help marginalized groups

PMS, GFIs
rebuild their houses (source out from calamity
fund or grant from other private or foreign
organizations)
-Fast-track release of housing assistance for
government employees from the Presidents
Social Fund
NHA
Infrastructure
Issues and Concerns
Recommendations
Responsible Agency/
Institution
Water
Lack of funds to rehabilitate
damaged water supply facilities
of water districts
Release directly funding assistance to water

districts through LWUA/banks
LWUA
Limited delegated authority to

implement water supply projects
Issue a policy that will allow more leeway/

power in the implementation of water supply
projects
DILG
Lack of water supply for the

reoperation of poultry growers
Government to provide water pumps to

poultry growers
DA, LWUA, CCI
Shortage of quality materials

(distribution line-hardware)
Allocate funds for the procurement of buffer

stock of quality materials for use during
calamities
NEA
Right-of-Way problem during

restoration works
Involve LGUs during the restoration process
ECs
Delay in the restoration of

electricity
-Fast-track immediate downloading of

NEA
subsidy to electric coops (include the poultry
industry and other business establishments
as a priority for reconnection)
-Request assistance from other electric
cooperatives re: manpower and equipment
to augment the regions local electric
cooperatives
Financial constraint of
households and business
establishments to secure
reconnection due to arrearages
Grant staggered-basis payment of past dues
ECs
Existing distribution lines within

10M from the center lines along
the highway
Allocate funds for expenses in the relocation

of existing distribution lines beyond 10M
ECs
No standard design for disasterresilient irrigation structures
Provide standard design for irrigation

structures resilient to climate change
NIA
Delay of project implementation

due to limited annual project
allocation
Fast-track release of funds to take advantage

of the forthcoming dry season/favorable for
construction works
NIA
Delay in the release of funds

since it is channeled through
LWUA/banks
Power
Irrigation
Transport (Roads, Ports, Airports)

No standard design for disasterresilient structures
-Come up with disaster-resilient design

options for roads, bridges and flood control
structures that can withstand super typhoons
as well as resist high-magnitude earthquakes
and severe flooding
-Raise ports to elevation of 3 meters
-Increase EMK (Equivalent Maintenance per
Kilometer)
DPWH, DOTC
DOTC, PPA
65
Issues and Concerns

Poor quality of transport
infrastructure projects
Recommendations
-Strictly implement policy standards on
transport infrastructure projects
-Strictly monitor/ supervise construction to
ensure that the project design standards are
at par
-Regularly maintain roads, bridges, flood
control and other transport infrastructure
Responsible Agency/
Institution
DPWH
Communication/Telecommunications
66
Weak and slow warning system
Pass House Bill 353 to compel

telecommunication companies to send free
mobile alert warnings of impending natural
and manmade disasters (concerned agencies
to issue the alerts to the mobile phone
subscribers located near and within the
affected areas)
NTC
Need to restore landline

telephone, other
telecommunication services
NTC to issue a memorandum circular for a

one-year suspension of the imposition of
surcharge fee in filing of renewal of permits
to its stakeholders
NTC
Proliferation of illegally owned

radio units
NTC to issue a memorandum circular for the

registration of illegally owned two-way radio
units
NTC
Stolen cables and posts
LGUs to pass an ordinance to prohibit

dismantling of destroyed cables and
damaged posts of telecommunication
companies and CATV providers in their
respective areas of jurisdiction
DILG, NTC, LGUs
Environment
Issues and Concerns
Returning of informal settlers in
coastal areas
Recommendations
Delineate No-Built Zone (easement)
including monumenting
Responsible Agency/
Institution
DENR
Potential harm of housing projects -Review the impact of the demand for
to the environment
housing and roofing materials on the
environment
-Craft policy enjoining the use of recycled
coconut lumber, bamboo and other
possible natural sources of construction
materials, recycled material from debris
-Craft policy to find local solutions to
compensate for the lack of corrugated
sheets
-Craft policy to consider in shelter plans the
implications of mass production of shelter
materials, specifically considering use of
wood to prevent further illegal logging,
deforestation and soil erosion
DENR
Implications of relocation/
-Craft policy to ensure no further harm to
reconstruction to the environment the forest cover or the marine environment
in relocation sites and reconstruction
projects
-Craft policy to mandate the consideration
of geo-hazards such as landslides in land
use planning, including updating of hazard
maps
DENR
Implications of humanitarian aid/

livelihood interventions to the
environment
-Issue a policy to consider in humanitarian

aid and livelihood projects the risks
and major impacts to the environment
(e.g. overfishing as an offshoot of the
overprovision of fishing boats and illegal
logging as a result of replacing boats)
-Apply stringent restrictions on the logging
of Red Lawaan
-Enforce policy to regulate aquaculture
industry to protect mangroves
DENR
Destruction of mangroves as a
natural shield to storm surge/sea
level rise
Include mangrove in the insurance

packages under the PCIC
PCIC
MGB
67
Governance
Issues and Concerns
68
Recommendations
Responsible Agency/
Institution
Ambiguity in the enforcement of

the No Build Zone Policy
-Formulate IRR
-Review the Building Code in light of
Yolanda
No land use planning/need to

redevelop hard-hit areas
Issue directive for the mandatory review of

CLUPs of all Yolanda-affected areas
Increase coverage of declared

disaster areas (Borongan)
Include Borongan as Yolanda-affected
NDRRMC, RDRRMC
Lack of logistics during big

disasters
Formulate a policy adopting Catbalogan

City as Alternative Logistics Hub
NDRRMC, RDRRMC
Vulnerability of structures to
disasters
-Craft policy for mandatory disaster-resilient RDRRMC, DILG, RDC

structural designs for government office
buildings, schools, hospitals and health
facilities, socialized housing units
-Impose mandatory insurance of
government properties including structures
and equipment
Weak DRRM system/lack of

capacity to respond to disasters
-Amend/add defective/lacking provisions in

Republic Act 10121 (DRRM Law), including
the creation of DRRMO plantilla positions
-Institutionalize recognition and incentives
system for good-performing LGUs on in
DRRM (providing eligibility and access to
financial assistance/ reward through DILG)
-Institutionalize DRRM Operations Centers,
evacuation centers, among others
-Formulate policy on adopt-a-sister agency/
LGU for quick response to another agency/
LGU
NDRRMC
In-migration (LGU capacity to

host)
Identify/validate housing program

beneficiaries
NHA, HLURB, LGUs
Breakdown of law and order
Enhance police presence and assistance
PNP, AFP
Submitted reports from MLGUs

are delayed and often bloated or
underreported
Conduct field validation/fast-track PDNA
OCD
Lack of manpower due

to Rationalization Plan
implementation
-Relax requirements/ policies that hinder

immediate filling up of vacancies
-Job outsourcing
CSC, DBM
Lack of service vehicles and office

equipment for rehabilitation and
recovery efforts
Emergency purchase of service vehicles and

office equipment
All affected agencies
Personal difficulties encountered

by government personnel
-Stress debriefing
-Grant of assistance for repair of houses,
among other recovery needs
CSC, DBM
No allocation/budget for project

management and M&E
Include in the expanded rehabilitation plan
All implementing
agencies
Communication constraints to
Region VIII outside of Tacloban
City (telephone, internet)
-Provide communication allowance for

mobile phones
-Immediate repair communication facilities/
assist private sector
All implementing
agencies
Issues and Concerns
Recommendations
Responsible Agency/
Institution
Management of logistics
Revisit the Management of Donations

(A.O. 2008-0017) and Guidelines on the
Acceptance and processing of Foreign
and Local Donations During Emergency
and Disaster Situations (A.O. 2007-0017)
by all concerned agencies, both local and
international
OCD
Taxation difficulties
-LGUs to grant amnesty on delinquent real

property taxes due on agricultural lands
-BIR and LGUs Suspend penalties and
surcharges on late tax payments including
tax audits by the BIR and LGUs
-Allow duty-free importation of farm
equipment, fertilizer, vehicles, parts and
other related farm and mill equipment and
machineries
-Extend 45-day period to report damage to
6 months
-Suspend collection of the withholding taxes
for 1 year
-Exempt from the coverage of E-VAT all
purchases of spare parts, fertilizer and
chemicals, warehouse and motorpool
materials, farm equipment and vehicles
and materials for the repair of factories/
processing plants during the rehabilitation
and rebuilding period in Yolanda-devastated
areas
-Since there is no exemption of business
permit, real property taxes, and ECF,
payment must be staggered for a year
LGUs
BIR, LGUs
DOF, BOC
DOF, BIR
LGUs
69
sulhog
Eastern Visayas Yolanda Reconstruction Plan
National Economic and Development Authority

Regional Office No. VIII
Government Center, Palo, Leyte
http://nro8.neda.gov.ph
nro8@neda.gov.ph
63.53.323.3092

EV-Yolanda Reconstruction Plan Summary

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SULHOG is the local term for ray of light.

Vice-Chair, RDC VIII,

Republic of the Philippines

Certified true and correct:

RDC VIII Resolution No. 7, s. 2014

Chapter 3: Eastern Visayas Immediately After Yolanda

Chapter 4: Bouncing Back From Yolanda

Special Section on Policy and Operational Issues/

Overall Impact to the Region

List of tables and figures

Table 1. Projected GRDP Growth Rates: 2013-2016

Figure 1. Tracks of the Three Typhoons

agriculture, hunting, fishery and forestry

National Line Agencies

Local Government Units

Province of Leyte, Province of Biliran, Province of Southern Leyte, Province of Eastern

State Universities and Colleges

Private organizations and individuals

Photo Credit: Charlie David Martinez

Photo Credit: www.chicagotribune.com

Photo Credit: EPA/NOAA/Handout/Landov

Source: Mahar Lagmay, DOST-PAGASA

Figure 2. Path of Supertyphoon Yolanda

Photo Credit: www.america.aljazeera.com

Photo Credit: DA VIII

Unique Characteristics of Eastern Visayas

Figure 5. GRDP Growth Rates by Major Sector:

Figure 6. Production Growth Rate by Commodity: 2012

Figure 7. Provincial Shares to Total Agricultural Production: 2012

Figure 9. Participation Rate, Eastern Visayas:

Figure 10. Cohort Survival Rate, Eastern Visayas:

State of Infrastructure Development

Regional Development Framework

Photo Credit: www.america.aljazeera.com

Damage and Losses

Source: Yolanda PDNA, OCD, May 2014

Figure 12. Affected Areas of Eastern Visayas

Damage and Losses

Flood Control, Sea Wall, Slope Protection

Source: Yolanda PDNA, OCD, May 2014

Damage and Losses

Tourism and Culture

Industry, Trade and Services

Source: Yolanda PDNA, OCD, May 2014

Damage and Losses

Source: Yolanda PDNA, OCD, May 2014

Cross-Sectoral Impact and Needs

Damage and Losses

Source: Yolanda PDNA, OCD, May 2014

Revised Post-Disaster GRDP Projection

Source: 2013-2016 EV Regional Development Plan and EV PDNA Team

2012 Eastern Visayas Regional Development Report

Source: PSA-NSO VIII

Labor and Employment

Labor Force Participation Rate

Source: PSA-NSO VIII, July 2013 LFS

No. of Affected Workers

Source: DOLE VIII PDNA Report

No. of Affected Workers

Source: DA VIII PDNA Report

Actual Collection (in Million Pesos)