Future Simple (Futuro simple)

Hay dos formas principales para expresar el futuro. A veces son intercambiables, pero a menudo
pueden tener significados diferentes.

Future: "Will"
1.

Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas)

Estructura Sujeto + "will" + verbo principal.

2.

Ejemplos:
I will [I'll] ring (call) you tonight. (Te llamar esta noche.)
She will [She'll] arrive late. (Llegar tarde.)
They will [They'll] be happy to see you. (Estarn felices de verte.)
Negative Sentences (Frases negativas)
Estructura Sujeto + "will" + "not" + verbo principal.

3.
o

Ejemplos:
I will not [won't] ring (call) you tonight. (No te llamar esta noche.)
She will not [won't] arrive late. (No llegar tarde.)
They will not [won't] be happy to see you. (No estarn felices de verte.)
Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas)
Estructura"Will" + sujeto + verbo principal.
Ejemplos:
Will you ring (call) me tonight? (Me llamars esta noche?)
Will she arrive late? (Llegar tarde?)
Will they be happy to see you? (Estarn felices de verte.)

Future: "Going to"

"Going to" equivale a "ir a" en espaol.
Structure (Estructura)
1.
o

2.
o

Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas)

Estructura Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to be") + "going to" + verbo principal.
Ejemplos:
I'm going to ring (call) you tonight. (Voy a llamarte esta noche.)
She's going to arrive late. (Va a llegar tarde.)
They're going to be happy to see you. (Van a estar felices de verte.)
Negative Sentences (Frases negativas)
Estructura Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to be") + "not" + "going to" + verbo principal.
Ejemplos:

3.
o

I'm not going to ring (call) you tonight. (No voy a llamarte esta noche.)
She's not going to arrive late. (No va a llegar tarde.)
They're not going to be happy to see you. (No van a estar felices de verte.)
Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas)
Estructura Verbo auxiliar ("to be") + sujeto + "going to" + verbo principal.
Ejemplos:
Are you going to ring (call) me tonight? (Vas a llamarme esta noche?)
Is she going to arrive late? (Va a llegar tarde?)
Are they going to be happy to see you? (Van a estar felices de verte?)
Nota: Para acciones o eventos inminentes, podemos decir "about to" (a punto de). La estructura
es la misma de "going to."

Ejemplos:
I'm about to leave. (Estoy a punto de irme.)
The concert is about to begin. (El concierto est a punto de comenzar.)

1.
o

2.
o

3.
o

4.
o

1.
o

2.
o

Las formas "will" y "going to" se utilizan para expresar el futuro. La diferencia entre "going to" y
"will" es el sentido de planificacin y probabilidad de que suceda una accin. En general, se usa
"going to" para planes concretos, cuando tenemos la seguridad de que algo va a suceder.
Se usa "will" con acciones voluntarias.
Ejemplos:
Will you help me move? (Me ayudars a mudarme?)
They will clean their rooms. (Limpiarn sus habitaciones.)
She won't work with Paul. (No trabajar con Paul.)
Se utiliza "will" para expresar una promesa.
Ejemplos:
When I am president, I will lower taxes. (Cuando sea presidente, bajar los impuestos.)
He promises he will call when he arrives. (Le prometi llamar cuando llegue.)
Se usa "going to" para planes. Se indica la intencin de hacer algo.
Ejemplos:
We're going to have a party tonight. (Vamos a dar una fiesta esta noche.)
Richard's going to take an English class. (Richard va a realizar un clase de ingls.)
Are Peter and you going to play football later? (Vas a jugar a ftbol luego?)
Se puede usar "will" o "going to" para prediccionesporque el hablante no tiene
control sobre el futuro.
Ejemplos:
It will be a great party. / It's going to be a great party. (Ser una fiesta genial.)
It won't rain. / It's not going to rain. (No va a llover.)
Nota: Existen algunas situaciones en las que usamos el presente continuo o el presente simple
para expresar acciones en el futuro.
Se puede usar el presente continuo para acciones en el futuro cercano.
Ejemplos:
Sarah is arriving tonight. (Sarah llega esta noche.)
I'm going to the doctor this afternoon. (Voy al mdico esta tarde.)
Se usa el presente simple para eventos programados en un futuro prximo.
Ejemplos:
The party starts at 9pm. (La fiesta empieza a las 21h.)

He wants to learn French so he _____ (go) to Paris to study. [Todava no ha

comprado el billete]

John _____ (help) me paint my apartment this weekend.

The plane _____ (depart) at 9:00.

I promise I _____ (study) for the exam after the game.

I _____ (not/work) tomorrow because I have a doctor's appointment.

We _____ (play) football this weekend. Do you want to join us?

Peter is mad at me, he _____ (not/call) me.

The concert _____ (start) at 10pm.

I have decided that I _____ (quit) smoking.

I _______ (study) in Paris next year.

George _______ (work) when we are there.

You _______ (not/make) much money in this new job.

They _______(be) sad when you leave.

1. I

(get married) next year.

2. These schoes are very dirty. I

(clean) them.

3. As soon as I arrive, I

(send) you a postcard.

4. This car is very old. I

(buy) a new one.

5. If you don't leave, I

6. I

(call) the police.

(take) the state exam next year.

7. Is she helps you with your homework, I

8. I

(tell) the teacher.

(be) thirty next month.

9. I have a special plan for the weekend. I

(learn) how to make a cake.

Future Perfect (Futuro perfecto)

Como hemos visto en las lecciones anteriores, hay dos maneras principales para expresar el
futuro. A diferencia del futuro simple, en el tiempo perfecto, el uso de ellas es en general
intercambiable.

Grammatical Rules (Reglas gramaticales)

Structure (Estructura)
1.

Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas)

Estructura 1Sujeto + "will have" + verbo principal...
Estructura 2Sujeto + verbos auxiliar ("to be") + "going to have" + verbo principal...

Ejemplos:
The party will [is going to] have ended by the time you finish work. (La fiesta habr terminado
cuando termine el trabajo.)

2.

I'll [I'm going to] have eaten before we meet. (Habr comido antes de reunirnos.)
Negative Sentences (Frases negativas)
EstructuraSujeto + "will" + "not" + "have" + verbo principal...
EstructuraSujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to be") + "not" + "going to have" + verbo
principal...

Ejemplos:

The party won't [isn't going to] have ended by the time you finish work. (La fiesta no habr
terminado cuando termine el trabajo.)

3.

I won't [I'm not going to] have eaten before we meet. (No habr comido antes de reunirnos.)
Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas)
Estructura"Will" + sujeto + "have" + verbo principal...?
EstructuraVerbo auxiliar ("to be") + sujeto + "going to have" + verbo principal...?
Ejemplos:

Will [Is] the party [going to] have ended before you finish work? (La fiesta habr terminado antes
de que termine el trabajo?)

Will [Are] you [going to] have eaten before we meet? (Habrs comido antes de reunirnos?)

Uses (Usos)
1.

Se usa el futuro perfecto para acciones que ya se han terminado antes de otra
accin en el futuro. Tambin, se puede usar para expresar que algo va a suceder antes de un
momento especfico en el futuro.
Ejemplos:

I'll have finished my studies before I start my new job. (Habr terminado mis estudios antes de
comenzar mi nuevo trabajo.)

Is Mike going to have trained enough before his first game? (Mike habr entrenado lo suficiente antes
de su primer partido?)

We won't have become fluent in Spanish by the time we leave for Mexico next month. (No vamos a
tener fluidez en espaol antes de irnos a Mxico el mes que viene.)

2.

Utilizamos el futuro perfecto para mostrar que algo va a continuar hasta otra
accin en el futuro.
Ejemplos:

Karen is going to have worked for 50 years by the time she retires. (Karen habr trabajado durante
50 aos cuando se jubile.)

Next week, I'll have lived in Germany for 1 year. (La semana que viene habr vivido en Alemania desde
hace 1 ao.)

Nathan _______ (finish) the race by the time his wife has reached the half way
point.

My children _______ (done) their homework before bed.

We _______ (not/decide) before we see you tonight.

: _______ you ________ (write) the essay before you leave for your vacation?

She _______ (move) before she starts her new job.

We _______ (wait) for the test results for more than a week when they arrive.

I _______ (not/work out) enough to run the race next month.

Cathy will be tired as she _______ (drive) for 5 hours without stopping.

_______ you _______ (have) your degree for 2 years?

Futuro perfecto
Before her birthday, we (buy) the gifts.
By the end of December I (finish) the school.
Before 8 oclock, I (drink) two coffees.
By the end of Spring she (get thin) . 2 pounds.
She (approve) the test before the holidays.
Before the weekend, we (travel) to Chicago.
They (not/study) the lesson by this afternoon.
They (understand) the translation before tomorrow.
Susan and Brian (organize) .. a party, before Tom gets home.
By the end of the weekl I (pay) .. all the debts
By the end of April she (get marry) .. Tom.
By the end of the trial, the police (send) the man to prison.
You (learn) the exercises before the term test.
By the time you left you (see) all the historic places.
By the time we arrive to the concert, the play (start) .
Before 12 oclock, he (sign) the contract.
Alice and Michael (find) . a new job by this evening.
You (sell) your house by the time you have moved to Seattle.

My mother (water) the plants by the time it begins rainning.

By the time they get home, we (drive) 100 kilometres.