Mr. Robert K. Shaw 5370 Nugget Rd.

Fair Oaks, CA 95628-3924

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BIOGRAPHY OF ELIJAH SHAW II

(# I on pedigree chart # 2)

This sketch was written by a great granddaughter--Jeanette Shaw Greenwell

He found a wa.y and made this place a better place for you and me to live in. He was a stalwart man of sterling character. A good husband, father, neighbor and friend. He was a very ge1'!erous and kind man.

Just a 'Word of explanation: There are three generations

named Elijah, Elijah I was born in New Jersey about 1782, Elijah II the subject of this sketch, was born in Ohio in 1822 and Elijah III was born in North Ogden, Utah 1859, so we are calling them I,

II, and III.

Elijab Shaw II was born 15 February 1822, in Clermont,County, Ohio.

He was the son of Elijah Shaw I and Lydia Bowen, who were from Deerfield, Cumberland County, New Jersey and were married there 6 February 1805.

Elijah I was born about 1782, the son of Edmund and Sarah Cornwell Shaw, who were also married in Cumberland County in the Deerfield ?resbJ~erian Church 23 September 1774.

Sarah was the daughter of John Cornwell and his wife Mary.

The Snaws were believed to have been of English origin.

The Shaw name was derived from: as the Webster dictionary

puts it; A thickly wooded spot in a low place or hollow--a thicket, a low COuntl1T with a thick short growth of trees and shrubbery. Such a t.r-ac t has been designated by the inhabitants of Scotland

as "The Sha-w".

Hence many have concluded that the name as applied to the race knO'"JiTI as the "Shawa" the world over must have been derived from the fact that they were originally natives of the low country of Scotland and England.

Another claim was that the name came down from one of the sons of ¥~cDuff in 1056-7.

Still another claim, The Shaw's of Scotland and England were a branch of the Clan McIntosh, before 1284.

Elijah II mother, Lydia, was born about 1778. Her parents were Dan Bowen III and Lydia Yapp, who were married in Cumberland County 4 September 1773. Dan III was born about 1743 and Lydia about 1750.

Lydia Yapp's parents were Thomas Yapp and Lydia Mills.

Lydia Mill's parents were Richard Mills and his wife Lydia. All of them were from Cumberland County, New Jersey.

The ancestral Bowen family was of Welsh origin--living in Glamorganshire and Pembrokeshire, Wales.

The Bowen name was first used in 1487, when Owen Ap Owen of Pentre Evan, Pembrokeshire, Wales was the first to use the contracted form of the name and instead of Owen Ap Owen he was known as Evan Bowen.

Elijah II's Bowen ancestry is very interesting. Let us go back and do a little reminiscing.

The Bowen's owned much land in Gowen, East Orchard and Methyr Mawr in Glamorgan, Wales, by rights of inheritance.

To establish this ''Right of inheritance", we will go back to Elijah II's eighth great gRandparents; Elizabeth (Jane) Stradling and William Griffith.

The Griffith family of Wales is of very ancient orlg1n. They trace their lineage in direct line to EdQyfed Fychan, who in turn traces his ancestry back to Beli }fuwr, King of all Great Britian about the time of Christ.

Edqyfed Fychen was a distinguished general and an able minister to Llewellyn ap Jorwerth.

He was also a descent from Marchudd ap Cynan, the head of one of the 15 noble tribes of Wales.

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Elijah Shaw II

Fychan was also an ancestor of King Henry VII founder of the "T udor Royal House"

(IIFitz" means "son of" in French, as does "ap" mean "son of" in Welch.

"Verch" or "V" means "daughter of" in Welsh also. This was their means of identifying them before surnames came into use , )

The Griffith (Gruffydd) family had held lands in "dales from the beginning of the Welch Colonization until the time of William the Cong~erer and the Norman Invasion.

In 1091, upon the Black Mountains of Brecknock, Tewdwr was attacked and his ar~ vanquished.

William the Conqueror was born 14 October 1024 at the Castle of Falaise, Calvados, France.

At thattime Rhys ap Tewdwr was slain.

He was the natural son of Robert, the Magnificent, Duke of Normandy ,( some more of our ancestors).

He left a wife Gwladys, two sons and a daughter, Nest Verch Rhys.

One of the sons was in England in prison and the other one was Gruffydd ap Rhys.

After the Duke's death in 103.5, the Nob Ies accepted William as a Duke.

Gruffydd then kept the name as a surname. Later it was changed- to Griffith. These were the ancestors of our William Griffith (above)

In 1055, he visited his cousin, Edward "I'he Confessor" King of England and received from him a promise that he should succeed him as King of England.

At the time of Rhys ap Tewdwr's death, he was the head of the Second Royal Tribe of Wales and had been reigning for fourteen years. They lived at Dinefor Castle and he was in his 90th year.

~{hen E~7ard died in 1066, however, Harold became King.

Having accomplished this object, Fitz Hamon took possession of the territory of Glamorgan, which was called Jestyn, and divided the spoils between his twelve Knights.

William lithe Conqueror" lhaid his claim before the Pope and western Christendom and the decision was made for him to invade England and take the throne.

One of these Knights was William de Esterling. St Donats Castle and Hanors were his share of the "Spoils ".

A large ar~ of Normans was assembled and he set out to conquer Er~land and claim his right to the throne.

The name "De Esterling" gradually dissolved itself into the .name of Stradling.

In the slimmer of 1066, he landed at Penensey, in Sussex, England and on 14 October 1066, at the Battle of Hastings, he defeated King Harold •.

The eighth in descent from Sir William De Esterling was Sir Edmund Stradling (Knight)

Harold was slain and William, having received the submission of the English Nobles, was then crowned King in Westminister Abbey on Christmas Day, 25 December 1066.

By marrying Gwenlian Berkrolls, daughter of Sir Roger Berkrolls, he became by marriage, possessor of the lands in Gower, East Orchard and Methyr Mawr.

One of Williams Generals was Robert Fitz Hamon, who went with hi~ into England in battle.

Edward and Gwenlain were the fourth great grandparents of Elizabeth (Jane) Stradling who married William Griffith.

He Pli th his army, was sent for by Jestyn Ap Gurgant, Prince of Glamorgan, Wales, to assist him in the conquering of the Noble and gallant Rhys Ap Tewdwr (Tudor) Prince of South Wales.

The rule of most of Fitz Hamon's Knights, who had taken forceable possession of Glamorgan, were of short duration. They just weren't supposed to k~ep this land that was not rightfully theirs, so they lost it.

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Elijah Shaw II

However, some of them continued long and flourished.

Inter-marrying with the Welsh, learning their language and adopting their customs.

Italy; Oshagotha of the Gotha; Anthenor of the Commerians; Egbert of Wessex; Skiold of Denmark; Sigurd of the Uplands; Meurig of Dyfed; also Richard I and II, Aldired the Great; Henry I and Hugh the Great (Hj~h Caput)

The Stradling name and family continued to flourish for over six hundred years.

King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain, who agreed to subsidize Colombus for his vqyage to America in 1492.

When Elizabeth (Jane) Stradling married William Griffith (Gruffydd), the lands in Glamorgan had finally come back to their rightful owners the Griffiths(Gruffydd's).

Constantine I, born about 242 and his wife, Helen of the Cross (daughter of Coel, commonly known as "Old King Coel". of the Nursery Rhyme.) erected the "Church of the Resurrection" at the tomb of the "Savior" and other magnificent churches in Bethlehem and on the Mount of Olives.

. The land was then passed on down from William and Elizabeth to their son John and his wife Margaret, then to their daughter, Ellen or Eleanor, who had married James Bowen.

James and Eleanor in turn passed it on to their son, Richard and his wife, Anne, who were the fifth great grandparents of Elijah II.

Ruhn ap Maelgwyn (the tall) he had red-brown curly hair and was 8 feet 6 inches tall.

Henry II, King of England was also known as "Humpty Dumpty"of the nursery rhyme.

Before I go any further on down through Elijah's II closer ancestors, let me take a minute to tell you where some of

his other ancestors come from and who some of them were.

Julius Caesar, was he the one who fiddled while Rome burned? (No, it was Nero)

The B~#en and collateral families gave to Elijah II, a heritage of which to be proud, naturally dating back to Adam and Eve.

We are proud of some of our Royal ancestors and ashamed of others.

But we are More proud of our ancestors who were not of Royal birth--They were the ones who really did all of the work.

He came thr~ugh a long line of Royalty_ His Royal ancestors coming from nearly every country in Europe, England, Wales, Scotland, Ireland, France, Spain, Italy, Norw~, Denmark, S"leden, Russia and Germany, Prussia, Finland,the Netherlands - Swabia and Hungary.

That is enough of that, now let us get back to the time our ancestors came to the United States.

Some of these countries are no longer in existence, having been absorbed by other countries.

In the fall of 1639, Richard Bowen and Anne, his wife (Elijah's II fifth great grandparents ) with seven of their eight children (George, the eldest son, remaining in Kittle Hill) set sail from the port of Swansea, Glamorgan, Wales, to come to a new and uncolonized world. Such determinatior and faith they had.

Some of his Royal liKing" Ancestors were: King Duncan, Malcolm III, Constantine, the Great of Scotland; King Gruf'fydd, Cunedda and Rhodi Mawr (The Great) of Wales; Edward I, II,

III, William I the Conqueror of England; Charlemagne of Prussia; Robert of France; Charles of Neustria; Henry, Emperor of

Germany, Urraca Queen of Castile; Ferdinand of Castile; Ferdinand of Spain; Beli Mawr, King of All Great Britian, Pelagius

of Leon, Richard I of the Visigoths. Theodric of the Goths in

They left behind them, the beautiful country of Kittle Hill in gower and the lands of Gower, East Orchard and Methyr Mawr all in Glamorgan, which was situated on the beautiful bay of Caermarthen, twenty miles across west of the Port of Swansea and fifteen· miles across the bay from Tenby,

a well known resort town for the aristocracy of England.

All of this par-t of Wales is noted for it's exquisite beauty of scenery and it's delightful climate.

Page 3+ ~"' jah Shaw II

Could this have been the same ship that carried the Bowen Family to AmBrica ?

In the early 1600's several companies went to the New World

Page 4. Elijah Shaw II

Little did they know what lay ahead of them in this new land.

The Bowen family arrived in America during the winter of 1639-40, landing in the colony of New Plymouth.

They began their new life in a little town, what is now called Swa naea , .Bristol, Massachusetts.

In 16hl, Edward Winslow and John Browne purchased from the Indian Chief, Massosoit, the SUkonk Plain bordering the Blacksnone River, for one coat and twenty yards of Wampum--quite a bargain.

The Sukonk Plain is a big one especially for New England and the towns of Sukonk , Swansea and Attleboro were given to Massachusetts while Cumberland, Pawtucket and most of East Providence was given to Rhode Island.

In 16h3~ Reverend John Miles (Myles), a Welch Baptist Minister

was asked if he would help colonize this place. Richard Bowen and 43 other families went with the Reverend to help settle it. The Settlement was incorporated in 1645 under the name of Rehoboth.

The E~ens remained there the rest of their life and were buried there ... -Anne in 1645-or 7 and Richard buried 4 February 1674/5. (If

you notice double-dating, such as 1674/5 during the months of January, February on to Harch 20th, it is not a mistake. From the 12th century to January 1, 1752/3, there were two calendars. For historical purposes the calendar began on January 1st but for church, civil and legal purposes, the year started March 25th, consequently, double-dating 1674-5- by modern reconing it would 1675. On 1 January 1752/3 it l"laS changed -to the ore .... "8 use today.)

Richard and Anne's sixth son, Obadiah, married Hary or Marcy Clifton (Chelton) in 1649/50. They moved back to Swansea, Bristol, Massachusetts, where they settled down and had a family of thirteen ch i Idren. ~~ry died 18 February 1699 and Obadiah died 10 September 1710. Beth were buried at Swansea.

Obadiah and Mary's third son, Samuel, married Elizabeth Wood

26 May 1681. at Swansea. She was the widow of Samual Wheaton, Samuel Bowen's first cousin. She had three sons by Samuel Wheaton.

~wJel and Elizabeth lived in Swansea for a few years, here their first child was born. They then moved to Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts

Where the next child was born, then on to Rehoboth where four more children were born, then on to Bristol, Bristol, Rhode Island where two more children were born.

Then in 1687 Reverend Timothy Brooks and a number of Welsh Baptists came from Swansea to the North Side of the Cohansey River in Salem

County, New Jersey and settled Bowentown and vicinity (now Cumberland County.) With him were the families of Noah. Wheaton, Dan and Samuel Bowen

Here Samuel and Elizabeth's last child was born. Nine children in all.

They lived there until their death. Samuel making his will 21 January 1728/9 and dying shortly after and Elizabeth making her will 5 February 1728/9.

Samual and Elizabeth's fourth son, Dan I was next in line. He married Mary Walling, in 1713. They were the parents of nine children, all of Cohansey , They lived there all their life, Dan dying there in February 1728/9. There is no death date recorded for Mary.

Dan I and Mary's first son was Dan II. Some say he married a woman qy the name of Priscilla, but no record can be found of their marriage.

Dan II and his wife moved to Deerfield, Cumberland, New Jersey and had ten children. Birth records state that the second and tenth child were born in Deerfield, so we are assuming that the rest were born there too.

Dan II made his will 20 September 1790 in Deerfield. He made no mention of a wife in it, so we assume she died before him. His will was proved 9 November 1790.

Dan III was next in line. He married his first wife, Priscilla, in the late 1760's. By her he had two children, Abner and Sarah. She died~

He marriedly, secondly, Lydia Yapp, 4 September 1773. They had eight children, all of them of Deerfield. Lydia qied before 1816. A deed dated 4 March 1816 in Deerfield lists her as being deceased. On 21 July 1839, Dan III died in Centerton, Salem County, New Jersey.

Their daughter, Lydia, who married Elijah Shaw I on 6 February 1805, in Cumberland County became the mother of Elijah II, the subject of this sketch.

New Jersey is a beautiful state.

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Elijah Shaw II

Henry Hudson, the great explorer s?id, "This is a very good land to f'a Ll, wi. th, and a pleasant land to see. It is entirely surrounded Qy water, except for a :fifty mile stretch between New York and New Jersey on the north-east side.

On the Pennsylvania side, the Delaware River separates them.

It is called the little melting pot of the world. It numbers among its' citizens, people of just about every country in the world. It became a state 18 December 1787, shortly after Elijah I's birth.

Cumberland county is rather flat and sandy. Its' winters are quite mild with ve~ little snow fall. Temperatures rarely go below freezing. The summers are delightful, with temperatures around 70 degrees. Spring comes early and summers stay late.

Deerfield is 41.65 square miles and contains 26,656 acres.

It has many rich fertile fields and forests. There is much wild life, especially the white tailed deer--thence the name of Deerfield.

The Bowens and Shaws were natural farmers. They both owned large f'arms in Deerfield. The Senior Elijah was also, what we term today, a Real-Estate man. He bought and sold much land while living there.

Three of Elijah I and Lydia's children were born in Deerfield namely; Edmund, born 7 Februa~ 1807; Sarah, born about 1809 and Dan Bowen,

born about 1811.

In the late 1700' s the whole of the New England colonies began to feel discontented. They were becoming over-crowded and land was becoming very scarce, which sent the prices soaring, until qy the 1790's even a moderately good farm sold for from $14.00 to $50.00

an acre.

Younger sons--and they were plentiful in the prolific New England families,refused to pay such prices for this not-50-good land, when they could buy fertile lands in the West for two or three dollars an acre. High taxes were also a contributing factor. Yet these high taxes weren't high enough (and were not always collected) to provide enough revenue for an adequate income for Congress.

So Congress adopted a plan to sell Western lands in order to raise

the sorely-needed revenue. They formed the ordinance of 1785. Under the terms of this ordinance, the land would be surveyed and offered for sale to the highest bidder, in lots of a section (640 acres) or more. The minimun price was fixed at one dollar per acre. Speculators were the only ones who could profit qy this, the poor man didn't have a chance.

The first section of the upper Ohio territory was the "Seven Ranges" township, west of the western boundary of Pennsylvania (see map)

Next came the Ohio Company who managed to get one and a half million acres for 2/3 of a dollar an acre (see map)

Next the Scioto Company was formed. They had an option to buy ~ million acres and made a down payment of $143.000.00 (see map)

Another early settlement in the Ohio Country was made qy a wellto-do citizen of New Jersey, John Cleves Symmes, who in 1788 was granted permission to purchase a million acres of land between the Great Miami and Little Miami Ri.ver-s , This became known as the Symmes tract or purchase.

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Elijah Shaw II

But ~s was never able to buy all or the land he had contracted 'for, he learned that Congress had sold him only a twenty mile wide strip on the east baRk or the Great Miami rather than the lands requested.

He rinally ended up with 248,540 acres. This map shows the Ohio territory also the S,ymmes and other purchases and the road our ancestors traveled :from Pittsburg to the Symmes Purchase and Clermont County, Ohio.

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Public Lands in the Northwest

Ohio became the 17th State, 1 March 180), some years berore our families arrived there.

In 180h, Congress passed an act, stating that the buyer could buy no less than a quarter-section, 160 acres or land.

The price was to be raised to two dollars an acre, but the buyer only had to have one-fourth of the purchase price as a down payment, this enabled the poorer class of people a chance to obtain land.

'The man who was reaqy to begin life over again and to live for a time as his remote ancestors had done, round his opportunity in the West."

Some or the Cornwells, Bowens and ShawB decided to go to this Ohio Territory.

The Cornwell brothers, Dani.a.L, his wire Phebe, William and David, Uncles or Elijah I, were the rirst to go.

When they arrived at Clermont County, Danial bought 200 acres in- 1808. He sold his brother, William, 50 acres in 1811. The other brother, David's land joined onto theirs.

Elijah I and Lydia and their small children, with Elijah's brothers, Samual and Danial and his wire, ElizabethSarah, along with Lydia's cousin Samual Bowen were the next to leave.

They sold what property they could and purchased enough supplies to last them while on their journey, also until they could get their crops planted and harvested in their new home.

They packed what belongings they could carry in a wagon drawn by either oxen or horses and with tearful goodqye's set out for their new home in the West.

There were two routes to the Ohio Valley. The North one was by going straight north to Camden, New Jersey, across the Delaware River by flatboat west to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. From there north-west through the gap in the Appalachian Mountains on to Harrisburg, then west to Pittsburg. (see map)

The South one was by going North-East, past Salem then on farther

to reach the Delaware River, cross by flat-boat and land at New Castle, Delaware, then go south-west to where the Susquehanna Riverrlows into Chespeake Bay, again to cross the river Qy rlat boat at Perrysville over to Harve de Grace on the other side, then south west to Marsh River and then Baltimore, Maryland. Next going west qy north-west reaching the Potomac River and following the course or the river through the Appalachian mountains over to Cumberland then North-West toward Pittsburg Pennsylvania, joining onto the northern route just east of the town.

See map on the top of next page.

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Elijah Shaw II

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From 1811 to 1817 especially, people living in towns along the main hig~ays and keepers of toll gates and bridges reported an almost tonstant stream of emigrants moving toward the Ohio Valley and the Northwest. In one month, in 1811, one interested observer in Western Pennyslvania counted two-hundred and th~y six wago~ passing through his town. Four of the wago~ had sixty people wlth them, but the average per wagon was about elght.

Families who could not afford a wagon went on foot, drawing their f~~ possessions, and often small children in a hand cart.

The tide flowed on, almost without interruption in winter and summe r alike.

At Pittsburg, both routes joined together.

The road that went 'South-West from there to Wheeling in the territory of Seven Ranges. There it crossed the Ohio River, then went west qy southwest over to Zanesville, down the long road called Zanes 1 Trace to Chillicothe, over to Williamsburg--then home at

last in Clermont County Ohio on the Symmes Purchase.

'llihat a long and tedious journey. They traveled mostly on foot,

with a wagon and a team of oxen to carry their belongings.

The small children were allowed to ride most of the way.

When the,r came to a stream or river that was too deep for the team and wagon, a raft was built or if a flatboat was available, it was used, while on the smaller ones, they waded across.

The roads were bumpy, sometimes not much more than a buffalo t.rat L;

The horses and oxen, as well as the people became ve~ wea~ but their spiri ts were always lifted when they thought of the new home they were goillj to have.

When they final~ arrived in Ohio, they immediate~ found their relatives, the Cornwells--what a happy reunion~~

The Shaw and Bowen families settled in the town of Mechanicsburg, later called Chilo.

Here we fioo Lydia and Elijah I having the rest of their family namely:

Samual, about 1815, Joseph, about 1818; Lydia about 1820 and last came Elijah II, 15 February 1822.

Elijah'sI sister Abagail and her husband, John Demaris came later.

They arrived at the Shaw home in Mechanicsburg in 1815.

Chilo is the oldest village in the township and was, for ma~ years, known as Mechanics burg.

It is located on the Ohio River near the south-west corner of the township and has always been an important shipping point.

It was an industrial town. It was of a hilly nature and quite small so not much farming was done.

James Walls had a dock for building steamboats. The first boat that made Chilo's terminus was the "Pos t Boy II • Some of the other boats were:

IlMary Ament", ''Free Stone II, "Mountain Be Ll," and others.

It is believed that Elijah I worked as a ship builder and perhaps he helped build some of the earlier boats such as "Post Boy ",

In Deed Book U-19 page 18, we find Elizabeth Bagley, widow, deeding to Elijah Shaw, 4 lots in the town of ~chanicqpurg, on the Ohio River.

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page 8

Elijah Shaw II

Lot numbers 75, 231, 232 and 263 on February 9, 1820.

They lived there quite a few years--just one big happy fami~-The Shaws, The Bevens and the Cornwells.

The children played, laughed, quarreled and went to their "Book Learning" much as other children did at that time.

How long the family lived there, we are not sure.

In 1829, we find the family in Cincinatti, Hamilton County, Ohio , living in a small suburb called Fulton.

In Deed Book 33 page 276, Hamilton County, Ohio, we find William Jones and his wife, Abi, deeding a lot in Fulton Township con Columbia Road to Elijah Shaw for $175, dated 5 May 1829.

Elijah, Lydia and their family were found living on 8th Street, between John Street and Mound Street, not far from his brother Danial, who we find living on Vine Street near Canal and right next door is living Lydia's cousin, Samuel Bowen.

Cincinnatti, and its suburbs, is located opposite the mouth of the Licking River on the large Ohio River.

At the time our ancestors were there, it was called "Porkop'l i.s fI and "Queen City of the West".

Moat of the early inhabitants were New Jersey~men and PennsylvanianS •

Not like the hilly country of Mechanicsburg, most of the surface of Cincinnati and its subarbs, is lovely rolling prairies. There is abundant rainfall, cold winters and hot surr~rs. It is well suited to agriculture.

Its' early growth depended on the Ohio River traffic. (Ohio is an Indian word meaning "Beautif-ul River")

vlhen steamboat traffic, on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers

• .fas at its' peak, more steamboats were built at the shipyards

in the little town of Fulton, where our ancestors were, than elsewhere on inland waters.

Fulton Has a narrow but elongated settlement, stretching

along the northermost bend of the Ohio River, several miles to the east

of Cincinnatti. It was hennned in between the River and steep hills, which came down almost to the river bank. Between the hill and the river were located the shipyards, lumber yards, smithies, shops and other industrial industries connected with steamboat building.

Money was plentiful, food was good and housing was adequate.

In 1831 in Deed Book E-29 page 90, Elijah and Lydia sold their lots back in Mechanicsburg for $9.00 (probab~ back taxes)

On the 3 August 1831, Danial Shaw bought a lot on Pleasant Street where he lived until his death, 2 July 1848, at age 54 years, 10 months and 10 days.

Sarah Elizabeth, his wife, died 29 July 1849, age 48 years, 6 months and 5 days. Both were buried at "Old Burial Ground" in Columbia Township.

In the Spring of 1832, there was a great flood, covering most of the city of Cincinnatti and the surrounding towns. Fulton, being on the river, really got the worst of it. After the flood, Cholera broke out and took many lives.

Samual Bowen, Elijah and their families decided that was not the place for them--too much water.

On 20 April 1833, Elijah I and ~dia sold their property for three hundred dollars and made preparations to move.

It has been said that the families moved on westward into a new territory that was being settled in Daviss County, Missouri, al1d that Elijah owned 900 acres in said county near Adam-Ondi-Ahman.

As was the custom at that t~me, a man could get on his horse, begin riding at sunup and the land you could ride around before sunset was yours to homestead but you had to get back to the place of beginning.

The family prospered and the children grew to manhood and womanhood. In 1838, a steady stream of Mormon immigrant~, from the East began arri ring in Daviss, Ray, Carroll and Caldwell Counties. .BY summer the numbers in Northern Missouri totaled about 15,000 • There'Zwas such an influx of people that the local citizens became afraid th~t the Saints could concievably dominate the state. Persecutions began and became 80

Page 9

Elijah II

bad that the Saints and martY other people left to find another place to live.

Brigham Young, a Mormon leader, and a few families left Daviss County to find another place to live.

They went into Illinois and received encouragement and welcome of the Lnbabf.t.arrt.s of Quincy, to settle his people in that vicinity.

By the 20th of April 1839, 12 to 15,000 Mormons, and non-mer-mons alike, had found shelter in the states of Illinois and Iowa. Quincy is in Adams County, about 35 miles south of Nauvoo, Hancock County, both in Illinois.

Some of the people stopped in Quincy, while others went on up into Nauvoo.

Elijah I and ~dia and family could have immigrated along with the Saints, as we find on a ver,y, very faded film of the l8ho Census record of Hancock County, F 2569 pt 2 page 172, an entry looking very much like Elijah I;

Elijah Shaw

1 Male 15 under 20 (this looks like Elijah II) 1 Male 50 under 60 (this looks like Elijah I) 1 Female 15 under 20 (This looks like Lydia)

1 Female 60 under 70 (this looks like Mother Lydia)

These would correspond with their birth dates. There was 1 listed as emplo,yed in Manufactures and trades.

Another"clincher" to the fact that the Shaws and Bowens moved

to Nauvoo wa,s: In the New Jersey Gensis April 1969 Vol 16 # 2

page 707, Researcher Carl M. Williams states that "Dan Bowen IV

son of David Bowen (who was the brother of Lydia) went west and joined his Uncle Thomas Bowen and his Aunt Lydia Bowen, wife of Elijah Shav at Nauvoo, Illinois where they united with the Mormons."

The researcher doesn't give any date as to when Dan (IV) came other than that Dan's wife died in 183h and some years later Dan went west.

In 1339, the sight of Nauvoo was considered unhealthy and relatively of little value, literally a wilderness, covered by willows arrl trees, and most of it was so wet that teams couldn't drive on it. At that time, it was called Commerce.

But the people didn't give up. They believed that it could become a healthy place with the blessings of the Lord.

Now, Nauvoo is often referred to as "The City Beautiful"

When the Saints and others, arrived there, they began laying out the streets, "Straight as an arrow", with trees lining them and they built lovely homes largely of brick or stone.

The strangest thing about the city was, that there were no saloons-no dispensers of liquor and the jails were empty. Such a beautiful place for Elijah I and Lydia to spend their remaining years. According to the 18ho Census, Elijah II and his sister, Lydia, would still be living with their parents.

Knowing the kind of a man Elijah II was, I'm sure his parents were well taken care of. Elijah I was the first to die. He passed away quietly on 26 December 1842.

On 6 April 1841, the Saints of Nauvoo gathered together for an importan event--the laying of the cornerstone for a million dollar structure--

a Mormon Temple. It was completed 2u May 18h5, after the Prophet and his brother were killed. The giant undertaking was good for the community, It raised the morale of the people and gave emplqyment to ma~ people. It has been said that Elijah II worked on this project.

Late in 18h3 and early in 18hu, Anti-Mormons began looking for things with which they could accuse the Mormons of.

One thing led to another and charges are "trumped up" against the Mormon leader, Joseph Smith. He was put in Carthage Jail to await trial.

On June 27, 1844, some seventy-five men disguised by blackened faces cane to the jail. Overpoweritg the guards, they broke into the jail and murdered the Prophet Joseph Smith am his brother, Hyrum.

In 18u5, and 1846 the Saints were still being persecuted by the AntiMormons, so most of them left for Winter Quarters and other points.

1'm sure sone of the Shaw and Bowen friends were among those to leave.

Elijah II and Lydia remained at home to take care of their mother, Lydia, who passed away 17 November 1848.

---: .... u-~& _J.. ... u ... ~..L

Sometime later Lydia met and married a young man by the name of Charles Pettigrew. He was anti"}10rmon and was with the mob when

the Prophet was killed.

They moved to Hay Springs, Nebraska then on to the Hot Springs, South Dakota where their family was born. He, Charles, was a good husband and father. Lydia lived to a ripe old age. She died at age ninty-six.

Shortly after the death of his mother, Elijah came down with a bad case of "Gold Fever". Gold had been discovered in California

at Sutter's Mill 24 January 1848. Everyone was talking about it and hundreds were planning on going. Elijah was one of them.

MaI\'1 of them were leaving from Independence, Kansas City and St.

Joseph, Missouri and Kanesville, Iowa. Kanesville being closer, Elijah II decided to go there to be outfitted. (see circle on map)

N A D ~

~~~~!;: }RoUU.s of the 'Forty-Niners 11 The; Western Trails

Santa Fl! Trail

The "Gold Seekers" began arriving in Kanesville in late 1849 and early 1850, by spring there were between-ten and fifteen thousand, waitin to be outfitted, so they could be on their way. Many of the families "Took in" some of the men in their homes to stay.

At that time, the Saints and Indians were livng there, side by side, and getting along real good.

The Saints took up their residence in the hills adjoining the M-issouri River bottans. Some lived in log houses and some in dug-outs in the Bluffs. No one was idle, everyone had their niche to fill~illing, blacksmithing, wagon-making, merchandising. Blacksmiths served as veterinarians. Those who could cobble made shoes. Doctors and mid-wives made their own medicines.

Doctor Melvin Wilbur had a complete assortment of family medicines such as: Essences, tinctures, liniment, salves, ointments, peppermint, cinnamon, wintergreen, annace., sassafras, nerve and bone liniment, tincture of life and billious pills.

The lfcmen also did their share at home. They spun, wove, sewed, dairied, made candles, gardened and baked. They used tallow and beeswax for candles, flour and sataratua was used for baking; Madder alum, logwood and coperas was used for dying material.

Their clothing was made from home-spun wool, hides, canvas and most a~~hing wearable.

Work was the order of the day until all crops were planted, raised and harvested, tithing paid and the poor provided for, after which the winter eves were devoted to amusements, of which dancing was the favorite of which was encouraged by the clergy. It was conducted with the utmost decorum, the dances usually being opened and closed with prayer.

It was quite a few weeks before the "Gold Seekers" could be outfitted for their trip. Food wasn't as plentiful as it had been and it sent commodities upwards; flour went from $ 2.50 to $6.$0 per 100 Ibs; Beef $2.00 to $3.50 and $4.00 per 100100; potatoes 25 cents to $1.00 perbushel; Bacon 7 cents to 9 cents a pound; eggs $ cents to 10 cents a dozen; wheat $0 cents to $1.50 and $2.00 per bushel; corn 25 cents to $2.2$ per bushel, coffee and sugar stayed the same.

Sane of the men began looking for work so as to supplement their money.

Page 11

Elijah Shaw II

Elijah II met and became friendly with Orson Hyde. Mr. Hyde being the President of the Kanesville Branch of the Mormon Church.

Mr. ~de gave~Elijah II a job helping him to get together provisions to help outfit the Saints leaving for Utah and also the "Gold Seekers".

When President ~de saw what a fine, industrious man Elijah II was, he encouraged him to visit his home often.

President Hyde lived in a iog home which was also used as the tithing oi'fice.

Finally, they became outfitted and were ready to rollout for California, except for a few who decided to stay at Kanesville. Elijah was one of t.hem, He had become interested in something

(or should I say someone) at the ~de horne. There he had met a very attractive young lady by the name of Martha Ann Thomas (Shoop)

Martha Ann was the widow of John Whitstein Shoop, (Shupe) who by him had three little children, a boy, George, dying back in Virginia and two little girls narned Elizabeth Jane, age 9, and

Sarah Ann, age S e Martha Ann had joined the Normon church in Virginia in 1839 Or hOe Here she had married Mr. Shupe.

On the 10th of September 1843, they headed toward the Saints headquarters in Nauvoo.

After the exodua of the Saints in Nauvoo, the Shupe's settled in Farmington, Iowa where Mro Shupe obtained emplyment with a Mr. Fagg. HerE he died, leaving I1artha Ann, a widow, with two small daughters to care for.

Martha Ann and her daughters had been taken into the home of Orson Hyde in Kanesville in 1847 where she worked for their "board and keep." She lived there for three and one half years.

11artha Ann was a tall, willowy, very at tractive young lady of twenty-five years. She was 5 feet 9 inches tall, weighing about 150 pounds, straight dark brown hair and blue eyes.

She lias a very kind and gracious woman.

Elijah II was a handsome young man, aged 28 with brown curly

hair and blue eyes. He was 5 feet B inches tall and weighed about 170 pounds. He had a fiery temper, some called him a "hot-headed Englishman" but he was slow to anger. The story is told that when he became angry, he would throw his hat in the air and when it came down

he would stomp on it. He was a very hard worker, generous am real kind.

President Hyde thought that th~ would make a good husband and wife team so he decided to do something about it. He final~ told Elijah IT I~ou're both single, Mr. Shupe is dead and has left her with two small children to raise. She has no means of support. You had better marry her and take her to utah. II

Elijah II told President Hyde that he still wanted to go to

California and that was no place to take a woman and a family but Pres Idern Hyde said "Well, marry her arzyway. II It wasn't long before Elijah II decided that it wasn't such a bad idea at that.

So he asked her that special question, ''Will you marry me? She, of course, said "yes".

On the 6 April 1850, they went over to the clerk's office, there at Kanesville, and applied for a marriage license.

In the Ogden Genealogical Library on Film numbers F 30105 OG-8iowal and F 2159, we find the application for their marriage license:

Marriage License

State of Iowa Pottawatomie County

Whereas satisfactory evidence has -been given, before me that no legal impediment exists against either of the following named persons being united in the marriage covenant, the lady being a resident of said county. This is therefore, to authorize aqr person legally qualified to do so, to join in marriage in said county, M r Elijah Shaw, aged 28 years and Mrs Martha Shupe, aged 25 years. In testimon;y whereof I hereunto set my hand and af'fix the Seal of my office, at my office at Kanesville in said county, this sixth day of April A D 1850.

James Sloan, Clerk of the District Court for Pottawatamie County, Iowa

(Seal)

Later on that same day, they went to the Justice of Peace and were married.

Page l2

Elijah Shaw II

In the Genealogical Library in Salt Lake City, Film 30151 Page 29 or the Pottawatamie County Marriages it states:

State of Iowa Pottawatamie County

I hereby certify that I joined in marriage in said county, Mr.

Elijah Shaw of Kanesville, County of Pottawatamie and the State of Iowa, aged twenty-eight and wife Mrs. Martha Shupe of Kanesville, the county of Pottawatamie, and the State of Iowa, aged twenty-five years at lanesville in said county this sixth day of April A D 1850

C. C. Pendleton

J. Peace

Elij~~ 11 had saved some money to go to California, so they decided to stay there in Kanesville and buy a farm that one of the Saints who was leaving for Salt Lake City, was going to sell. The going price for the land was one dollar and twenty-five cents an acre.

He began farming immediately, so as to be able to sell commodities to the departing Saints and "Gold Seekers".

The main settlement was on Indian Creek. Some of the people lived in log houses while some lived in dug-iout.s in the "Bluffs".

The l'lBottan Lands II, where most of the farming was done ranged from three to seven miles in width, with the "Bluffs" rising fifty to three hundred feet high behind them.

The crops raised were wheat, corn, rye, oats, barley, potatoes and all kinds of fruit.

Elija._l-j Shaw II was an exceptionally good farmer. Martha Ann contrib~ted her share of the work, besides keeping house and taking care of the girls. She would make candles, hane-spun material, etc.

In 18h7, a log Tabernacle was erected on what is now known as Harmony Street between Benton and Frank Streets, in what was called 'Hiller's Ho.Ll.os ", The Tabernacle was used for all gatherings, secular as well as religious.

Dancing was an unrivaled diversion. Elijah and Martha Ann both loved to dance.

After all the crops were all harvested, they derived much pleasure fran the dances all during the winter months. Singing was a Lso enjoyed. Orson Hyde always conducted.

Hunting, horse-back riding and horse racing was also to Elijah's liking.

Private schools were also available. Elizabeth Jane started first, then later on Sarah Ann started. Martha Ann and the two girls always attended the Mannon Church.

Orson Hyde was President of the settlement, which was organized by

the High Council. This Council was for the purpose of keeping order and dispensing justice, which wasn't needed too often, as the people were very law-abiding •

In the Summer of 1849, Cholera was brought to the settlement, fran England, to St. Louis, then on to Kanesville. It was a dread disease and took many lives.

In 1850, the Kanesville Post Office name was changed to Council Bluffs, because of the huge Bluffs nearby and in 1853, the whole town changed it's name.

On 11 January 1851, their first child, a boy, was born. They named him William Orson. Orson was for Orson Hyde, their dear friend.

Now,Elizabeth Jane and Sarah Ann had a real live "doll" to play with.

On 5 Ju~ 1852, their friend, Orson Hyde left Kanesville with a caravan of other Saints. They arrived in Salt .Lake City, 27 September 1852

Elijah II and Martha Ann helped outfit these Saints going west, they themselves deciding to wait until the next year to go.

Before President Hyde and his companies left, everything was controlled by the Church. Idleness and dissipation was not tolerated. There was no jail, or need for one. But after they left, numerous gambling and drinking places sprang up with all kinds of chance games along the sidewalk

Page 13

Elijah Shaw II

It -liasI!'-t the peaceful quiet place it had been. The Canpanies which follOwed in 1853, were relieved to be leaving the corruption which was prevalent.

When Elijah's crops were harvested in the Fall of 1~, they saved extra amounts of everything, so they would have enough for their trip the next Spring.

When Spring 1853 arrived, they began earnest preparations to leave. They sold all of the things that they couldn't take with them, sold their farm, bought what extra things they needed, loaded up their wagon and was ready to leave.

This scene is much the same as when Elijah left.

Outfit necessar.y for a fami~ of five.

1 good strong wagon well covered with a light box

2 or 3 good yoke of oxen between the age- of 4 and 10 years. 2 or more milch cows

1 or more good beef

3 sheep if they can be obtained .

1000 lbs. of flour or other bread or bread stuffs in good sacks 1 good musket or rille to each male over the agc of 12 years 1 lb. powder

4 lbs. lead

1 lb. tea

SIbs. coffee

100 lbs. sugar

1 lb. cayenne pepper 2 lbs. black pepper 12 lb. mustard

10 lbs. rice for each family 1 lb. cinnamon

3/'2 lb. cloves

I doz. nutmegs 25 lbs. salt

5 Ibs. salcratus

10 Ibs. dried apples 1 bush. of beans

a few lbs. of dried beef or bacon SIbs. dried peaches

20 lbs, dried pumpkin 2S lbs, seed grain

1 gal. alcohol

20 lbs, of soap each family 4 or 5 fish hooks and lines 15 lhs. j ron and steel

a few lbs. of wrought nails

or more sets of saw or grist mill irons to company of 100 fam. 1 good seine and hook for each company

2 s~ts of pulley blocks and ropes to each company for crossing rivers

From 2') In 100 Ibs. of farming and mechanical tools.

COllk_ill,1: utcns ils to ronsis; of bake kettle, fryillg p.III, coCke pol, ;1/1<1

tcOl kettle

Tin cups, plates, knives; forks, spoons, and pans as few as will do. A good tent and furniture to each 2 families

Clothinj; and bedding to each family, not to exceed 500 pounds Ten extra for each company of 100 families

As you can see, there wasn't much room left for the family to ride

Page 14

Elijah Shaw II

except for Martha Ann and the baby 0

They left about the middle of May f'or their long and tedious journey, Father, Mother, Elizabeth Jane, Sarah Ann and baby, William Orson. Such a big undertaking f'or the f'amily especially for Martha Ann, who was quite pregnant with another child.

Horse drawn wagons were to go first to make the trail softer for the oxen, their feet being much more tender than the horses.

M ore than one family milk cow was hitched up to the wagon in place of an oxen. All able bodied people were to .. ra Ik to make the 'lagon lighter to ease the burden of the animals.

Move out ~ M ove Out l

Firat they drove down to Ferrysville (Council Bluffs Ferry) about twelve miles distance, just opposite Winter Quarters, at which point they crossed the Missouri River by Fer~f Boat. These boats were flat-bottomed and large enough to carry two teams and wagons.

They started some distance up stream so that the current would assist the Ferry to the opposite side of the river. They soon arrived at Winter Wuarters, now Florence, Nebraska.

What a long way to Salt Lake City, Utah~~ 1031 miles, to be exact.

They then proceeded westward, they traveled 27 miles and reached the Elkhorn River. It was quite a large river and no Ferry to take them across.

There were trees growing near and a raft had to be built around the wagons. Axes began to swing and soon enough timber was secured to the wagon boxes. The teams were left hitched to the wagons, to wade or swim the channels, helped by guide;ropes extended to the

men on horses on the far side.

The cattle were taken several yards upstream to start the crossing so that they would be helped by the current. Small animals we re pulled over with ropes.

Every once in a while a wagon would tip over in mid-stream and much of it's precious cargo would be lost.

The Pioneers &ad to follow close to the stream in order to get water for themselves and their animals. The horses and oxen had to be guarded with the greatest care as there was no way of replacing them and no way of reaching the valley without them.

The Indians caused the most damage by stampeding the animals and driving them off.

On reaching camp of an evening, they first took care of their animals.

If there wasn't enough room, inside the circle of wagons, the animals were staked out and had to be guarded all night.

Everyone had their chores. One would go after water, another get fuel and Martha Ann prepared the evening meal. When it was ready to eat, they sat on the wagon tongue with their plate balanced on their lap. Later

in the everuing, they took time to relax. There was singing, dancing and religious worship. Martha Ann tried to make the wagon as comfortable as possible for them. On the way, she would sing to them and tell the~ maqy stories.

Elizabeth and Sarah were very helpful, especially when it come to taking care of little William Orson.

After a good nights rest, everyone was up early and ready to go, ready when the call of ''RollOut'' was shouted ~

"On Toward Ut aht II

Moving on westward, they passed through Freemont then on toward North Platte. Next was Chimney Rock, just578~ miles from Salt Lake City.

They had traveled 452~ long miles of sagebrush, rocks, mud, rivers, mosquitos, snakes and bugs.

Then on to Fort Laramie where they rested a day and to wash, get supplies and "just rest". On to Fort Casper, then Independence Rock which was 332t miles from "home".

Five more miles placed them at Devil's Gate, then on to South Pass, Fort Bridger and Echo, which was just 66 miles from "Hone It.

Everyone was getting anxious. They passed on through Henefer.

A massive pine tree growing on the mountainside, a way out from Weber

+ Page III

Elijah Shaw II

THAT THE SHAW F.PMILY TOOK ON THEIR WAY TO nON THIS MAP SHOWS THE ROUTE

Page 15

Elijah Shaw II

Canyon; was called the ''Thousand Mile Tree", as it marked the number of miles the pioneers had traveled since they left Winter Quarters. They were so overjoyed to reach this land mark~,:.;

When they got to the aummd.t, of the mountain, they were just seventeen and three-quarters miles from Great Salt Lake, City.

In all probability, Elijah II worked there during the Fall and Winter.

As soon as Spring came, the family left West Jordan and traveled to Centerville in Davis County, Utah.

Would one more day of traveling see them there?

Centerville was located at the base of the Wasatch Mountains, approximately twelve miles north of Salt Lake City and twenty five miles south 0:

Ogden. .

Finally, they reached the mouth of the canyon--What a beautiful sightt

It is a small strip of land, two miles wide and three and three-tenths miles long. It has rich fertile soil and a beautiful view of the Great Salt Lake and the mountains beyond.

After so much sagebrush and mountains, they could hardly baiieve their eyes, hames, gardens, and people.

Centerville was named because it was halfway between Bountiful and Farmington.

Just five more miles.

What an appropriate time to be caming into the valley, Sunday, 7 August 1853, just in time to really worship the Lord. Orson Hyde was there to meet them. What a happy reunion with all of their friends.

Upon arriving in Centerville, Elijah II and Martha Ann bought a real good farm, upon which they soon built a new log home and settled down to the task of raising a family and making a living.

They cleared land, plowed and planted.

Their long journey was finally over. It had been one Thousand and thirty three long, hard miles from Council Bluffs to the valley of the Great Salt Lake in Utah. (See Map)

That fall after harvest, they built them a large barn for their animals and feed.

Their arrival in the valley was not a day too soon for Martha Ann, she was so tired.

When it was time, Elizabeth Jane and Sarah Ann started school in the first schoolhouse that was built there. It was built in 1851 along side

Parrish Creek. John S. Gleason was their teacher. .

Little Martha Ellen came to join the family just eighteen days after their arrival. She was born 25 August 185), and was blessed by Orson Hyde.

In 1855, a combined church and school house was built on the north side of Devil Creek. It was an adobe and brick. Here, Samuel Madden and Abigail Snow Kesler were teachers. The children went to this school until Elizabeth Jane was married, the other two going until they moved to

North Ogden. By then William Orson was going to school.

When she was born her little legs were crippled because of the hardships of the journey but with faith and prayers and the help of the Doctor, whose care and treatment was the best, her legs were straightened.

On 22 June 1855, another baby came to join the fami~. He was named Edmund Riley.

The family traveled on to West Jordan to settle for the Fall and Winter. They lived close by the Card M ill(Wc-olen Factory). It .las propelled by water power and owned by Matthew Gaunt.

During the winter of 1855-6, Elijah II came down with a severe case of Mountain Fever. So severe was the fever that he nearly died. The

H ormon Elders were called in to administer to him. Through their faith and prayers, he regained his health.

Here at the Carding Mill, they made Linsey Cloth and stocking yarn from the wool of the sheep raised by the townspeople.

This incident started him to thinking more and more about the_Mormon

Page 16

Elijah-ShavJ II

Church, and finally to Martha Ann's delight, on 29 September 1856, he was baptized a member by Mr. Dalton and confirmed the same day by Mr. Porter. He was a very good mormon. He lived his religion to the fullest.

Eli.j{!.h II was ordained an Elder 20 March 1859 at Centerville, by James H. Cummings.

Martha Ann's oldest daughter, Elizabeth Jane was baptized IB Oct IBSS and on 27 March 1857, she became the plural wife of Thomas Edwin Ricks, who later founded Ricks College in Rexburg (Ricksburg) Idaho.

Sarah Ann was baptized 26 September 1856 just three days before Elijah II was baptized and Martha Ann was r'ebapt.Lzed, 29 September IB56. Martha had been baptized in Tennessee or Virginia and again in Nauvoo, Illinois 6 February 1846.

Elijah II went to the Endowment House and received his endow~ ments on the 2DthMarch 1857, just seven days before Elizabeth Jane received hers and was married to Mr. Ricks.

In the Spring of 1857 another little girl joined the family.

She was born on the 5th of March and was named Laura.

In 1853, William W. Drummond was sent out to Sale Lake City to become a Federal Associate Judge. Drummond was immoral and unprincipled man, leaving a wife and children without support in his own State of Illinois.

He appeared in Utah accompanied by a "harlot" whom he introduced as his wife, and who often sat on the bench with him. His drunken

and dissolute habits caused the Saints to despise him and their feelings were ill-concealed.

\ihen his immorality and neglect of his own fami~ was revealed, he left the territory in disgrace.

In his resignation of office, tendered to Jeremiah S. Black, the Attorney General of the United States and in other reports, he spread a multitude of false accusations against the Saints.

These and many other falsehoods were sent to President Buchanan, although the real causes of the "Utah War" were largely political.

On 28 May 1857, President Buchanan ordered the troops to mobilize and to proceed to Ubah s

On 24 July 1857 in Big Cottonwood Canyon, the word was received that the army was coming. Preparations for ''War" began.

On 25 February IB58, Colonel Thomas L. Kane came from New York to help his Mormon friends. Colonel Kane left Salt Lake City, 8 March 1858 to go back to Govenor Cummings to convince him to come and see for himself that the Mormons were peace Lovi.rg ,

The Saints were determined not to fight but to burn their homes and move south. On Sunday 21 March 1858, the families from Centerville left s out.h for Sonora. Elijah and his family were with them, driving their horses, cattle, pigs and sheep ahead of them.

They went as far as Provo, where they camped.

Little Edmund Riley found a pocket knife while there, which he kept for many years.

Governor Cummings arrived in Salt Lake City and found everyone gone exoept enough left to set fire to everything.

He then reported to Washington the true state of affairs and the deliberate falseness of Drummond's charges.

In April 1858, President Buchanan appointed a peace commission.

en 26 June 1858, the army entered Salt Lake City. They passed through and camped on the Jordan River. Three days later they moved on and established a permanent camp in Cedar Valley. The camp was called "Camp Floyd".

On Thursday, 1 -Ju.Iy 1858, the Saints returned to their hanesinSalt Lake City and the next day the Shaws returned to their Centerville home.

How thankful they all were that there was no war and that their hones didn't have to be burned.

On Thursday 2 Decem ber 1858, a violent East wind storm struck the Salt Lake valley and did considerable damage, wrecking homes and other buildings. Elijah's barn was blown down.

Par-e 17

Elijah Shaw II

Elijah II said that he wouldn't live where the wind blew so hard, so the family decided to move again. They would go on North. In the early Spring, the family made preparations for their move.

The farm was sold, but unlike when they moved from Kanesville, they didn't have to sell their equipment, etc. An extra trip back and forth would take care of that.

At Last.; Final preparations were finished and the family were ready to go. They headed North, traveling for about twenty-five miles, when they reached the town of Ogden. They were quite disappointed to find it quite a "swamp hole".

They stepped out of their wagon, looked to the North and to the West to see what kind of land they could see. They decided that the land to the North, at the foot of a large peak, looked good to them. On they went to North Ogden, which was very much to their "liking".

North Ogden was a new town, having been settled in 1851, just eight years before. The large peak, they had seen from Ogden, was called Ben Lomond. From the base of this mountain, the ground sloped gradually to the townsite. Good rich soil and a lot of water, just right for a good farm and with mountains partially surrounding the

town, Elijah II decided that there shouldn't be too much wind. There was also a church and a school house, which the family deemed necessary.

The exact date of their arrival is not known but their membership in the Mormon Church was recorded 16 April 1859.

They went to the western part of the town where they obtained some land. It was located in the South-West Quarter of Section 29, U. S. Survey. They obtained 40 acres. This parcel of land was on a hillside, with several springs bubbling out of the ground. One large one on the North and several smaller ones on dorm toward the South.

The sight was. selected for their new hame. It was on the North side of the road that led to the West, West of the stream leading from the springs, and about t mile from the head of the spring itself.

They started on their new home as soon as possible, as they were expecting another new baby. The new home was a two-room log home. The Logs were hauled for miles, from Sugar Pine on Monte Cristo. It haa two big rooms, approximately 14 feet by 14 feet each. The spaces

in the logs were "chinked" with a mixture of lIlud, taken fran the hillside north of the home. This mud had a lot of clay in it, so it held real good. The "chinking" was done inside am out. The roof was built of log rafters, covered with willows and rushes, then topped with a heavy coa t of clay.

Later, a wooden roof and a frame lean-to was added. The lean-to was on the West end. Before Window-glass could be obtained, old paper was pasted over the windows and hogs-lard was applied to it. It made a kind of glazing. It worked beautiful~ except in the cold weather, then they made board shutters which hung on hinges.

At one end of the roam was a fire-place. Its' bright blaze was used

Page 18

Elijah Shaw II

for cooking the food, heating the house and for light in the evening. It was built of smooth rocks and the food,was cooked in kettles hung fran an iron rod. The baking was done in a Dutchoven built alongside the fireplace. It was very important that there always be live coals on hand, so for maqy years the fire was buried at night to keep it until morning. If the fire happened

to go out, one of the children would have to go to the neighbor's house and borrow some more.

As with almost everything else, matches had to be made. This was done by taking small pieces of split wood, dipping the ends in melted sulphur and allowing the sulphur to harden. These crude matches did not light easily and usually had to be started from a live coal.

The furniture was all hand-made with what simple tools the £amily had brought with them. The beds were built in the corner of the room so that the walls could be used for two sides of the bed. The other two sides were built of poles, and wooden pegs were driven all around the four sides. From these pegs, ropes or raw-hide strips were stretched back and forth to make the springs

of the bed. The ticks (mattresses) for the beds were made of canvas filled with straw. Chair seats were made of rope or raw-hide in this same way, or benches were used.

For the rest of the furniture, the fami~ had a table, some built-in shelves for dishes and books. (See picture on other half of the sheet)

Since most of the Pioneers came into the Valley with only whatever could be carried in a single wagon, the Shaw's had very few dishes and cooking utensils.

Some of their dishes were made of wood. These worked very well unless they became too dry, then they would crack or fall apart, so the answer was to keep them damp at all times.

It was in this humble log home that Martha Ann gave birth to their fifth child, a boy, whom they named Elijah III aftBr his father and grandfather. He was born 30 April 1859.

It seemed to Martha Ann that when their big moves were being made, she was always pregnant.

wnen she and her first husband, Mr. Shupe, were coming from

Virginia, Sarah Ann was born on the way.

When she and Elijah II came across the plains from. Kanesville, she was pregnant with her second child, Martha Ellen, then when they came to North Ogden, she was pregnant with Elijah III.

rage .L/'

L.L1Jan cnav .Ll

As the years went on, four more children came to bless their home; Amelia (Min) born 7 November 1861; John, born 9 April l86L; George born 28 October 1866 and Samuel, born 10 April 1869, Martha Ann being LL years old at the time.

Most of the children had a temper like their father except Elijah III and George, they were rather easy-going and quiet.

The farm was a hive of industry, in which everyone participated.

- As soon as they could clear a plot of ground, a garden was planted.

Everyone who was old enough, turned out to help. William Orson would make a hole in the ground with a stick and Edmund Riley would push in the seed and cover it up.

The land under cultivation, wasnlt very large that year but each year brought more and more.

The younger children had to keep the ducks and chickens out of the garden so they wouldnlt eat the seeds, then later, so they wouldnlt eat the vegetables.

They planted corn, beans, greens, squash, peas, potatoes and grain that first year. They planted enough for their winter use and if there was any extra, it was traded to a neighbor for other cormnodities.

As soon as possible, trees were planted around the home; English Elm, Box Elder and Ash were planted on the east side and on the south side J There were Black Wal.nut, English Elm and Paradise (Heaven) trees.

Toward fall, they made preparations to build a barn. It was built south-west of the log home on a slight hill. The back of the barn sat low in the ground. Rocks were hauled from the foot hills for the foundation. The skeleton was made of very heavy timbers, one foot square -with maple pins to hold them together. Rough slabs were used for the sides. The lumber for this barn came from Monte Cristo.

This barn was made very sturdy, so as to prevent another disaster, such as the one that happened in Centerville.

The basement was used to house the animals while the top was used to store the hay and grain. When it was finished, it was the largest barn in North Ogden.

In the beginning there was little need for fencing the fields, but as the number of stock increased, feed became more of a problem.

The dry stock and horses that were not needed during the summer, were turned on the mountains as soon as green grass appeared a nd were allowed

to shift for themselves. But with the first cold stoms of!.fall, they came down in droves and made for the fields to glean what was left of the har-ves:

Owners of the pasture land were the first to fence, for on this land they could pasture their own stock most of the winter.

The field fences, with the exception of a few rock walls, were all made of poles.

Scrub cedar was used for posts. It was the best rot-resisting wood known. In the early fall, these trees were cut, stripped of their limbs and bark, and set up in piles to season.

Elijah II raised pigs and cattle to sell.

About this time, Brigham Young bought 5,000 fine merino ewes, some came fran the East and sane came from Mexico.

The Shawl s bought a small herd of them from him which wa,s Marth Ann' s pride and joy. Now they could have some nice soft clothing.

The first material that came into their hands, since coming West, was the wagon covers. Although they were heavy and course they were better than nothing and they had one fine quality, they wore "like iron".

MOSL of the mothers tried to make the dresses a wee bit prettier by dying the wagon cover first in great kettles.

Oft times, Elijah II and the boys wore buckskin pants.

Next, Martha Ann bought a spinning wheel and a weaving loom.

The Spinning wheels were often called 'The Pianos of the Pioneers ", their music was heard through the day and oft times far into the night. !1artha Ann could be heard singing, right pretty too, "Home Sweet Home", he r own home, be it ever so humble, was hom-e.

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Elijah Shaw II

The loom was made from wood, brought down from the mountain, and some iron parts that had been brought in fran the East.

Now came the real work. First, the sheep had to be sheared.

Next the wool had to be washed many times to clean out the sand and dirt that had been gathered all through the past year. After the wool had been washed and dried, it was spun into a fine yarn

on Martha Ann's spinning wheel. The yarn was then wouhd into skeins, -ready to be dyed.

"Sarah Ann, Martha, Laura and Amelia, what color dress do you want?" They all chorused back, 1M ake mine blue, make mine yellow, make mine red, make mine green."

If the cloth was to be red, the dye was made from the root of the madder plant, dried, powdered and steeped in water.

Rabbit brush, prepared in the same way, brought a fine shade of yellow. Blue came from Indi~o, brown from the bark of the Oak brush and green from the sage brush. The logwood made a black dye.

The children would to go to the foot~ills and gather the plants, each in their season. Then the yarn was woven into beautiful soft material. What a Luxury ;

If there was any wool left over, it was sold aqywhere from 6 cents to thirty cents a pound.

"Sarah Ann run over to Packham s and see if }1rs. Packham has a dress pattern that will fit Laura," called Martha Ann.

All the patterns were home-made, to be made larger or smaller as needed.

Needles were also a "p remu im ", and were guarded very carefully, if one of the girls used one, it was always put ri~ht back in its' place. The garments were sewed by hand, so this meant a great amount of work for Martha Ann and those who could sew.

The Pioneer girls, dressed in their wool "Lmseys ", made the young men bow as low and smile as sweetly as did the ladies in the cities, with their rustling silks, satins and muslins.

Frarr, the new material, sunbonnets were made. They shielded their heads from the sun in the summer and from the winds and cold

in the winter.

Martha Ann taught her daughters to make straw hats for both men

and women. They dampened the straw, braided it into long strips, pressed it flat with either a rolling pin or flat iron, then sewed it into which ever shape they wanted.

The spinning wheel and loom was also used for making blankets.

The older folks usual~ had shoes of some sort, while the smaller ones usually went barefoot all summer.

Oft times shoes were made of buckskin with wooden sales, fastened together with wooden pegs, as no nails were available. Many times the women and girls made theirs of heavy cloth. Most of the children had Indian Moccasins for Sunday.

Every sunmer , a band of Shoshone Indians would camp in the hollow, just east of the Spring. They were always welcome. Sometimes the small children became frightened of them, although the Indians were very well behaved and friendly.

The Shaw's traded commodities to the Indians in exchange for moccasins and other items.

Sometimes at a dance, the girls who were lucky enough to have shoes, would lend them to a friend for a single dance.

Of course, Elijah II and Martha Ann were the cobblers.

Later on, the shoemaker and tailor with their kits of tools, made their semi-annual rounds to make or mend boots, shoes and clothing, the material for which had been provided beforehand qy the head of the family. No one cared about style as long as one could be warm and comfortable.

There were few conveniences to be had. Martha Ann did the washing by hand, using a washboard to scrub them on. The water had to be carried from the spring and heated in a big kettle over the fireplace.

She was very good at candle making and soap making as well as sewing.

Home-made lights, called "bitches" and tallow candles gave light to the cabin on long winter evenings. The candles were made by stringing wicks through a mold and then filling the mold with wann sheep tallow.

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Elijah Shaw II

Soap making was another task that often kept Martha Ann and

the children busy from dawn to dark. Every scrap of fat, bacon rinds, etc was sayed and stored in a tub until soap making day. Before the children could help with the s oap-mak i ng , however, Martha Ann had to make the lye with which to make the soap. This alone was a long

slow job. The lye was made from ashes of wood placed in a barrel

with holes in the bottom and then set in a wooden tub. A little water poured on the ashes would leak through the holes and then it was boiled for lye water. Next, the lye water and grease were mixed together

to boil ina large vat over an outside open fire.

Sarah Ann was a great help to her mother, and the smaller children, boys and ?irls alike, took their turn stirring the soap, being very careful not to get burned. After the lye water and grease had been boiled to~ther for ma~ hours, a bit of it would be poured in a

saucer. If it turned white and creamy, Martha Ann knew that her soap was ready to be poured out. When it cooled and hardened, the easy

part came. It was marked and cut into bars. In ma~ homes, this

good soap was much too scarce to be used for cleaning floors, so sand

.. las usee instead. A thin layer of sand was spread upon the wooden floor and left for a couple of days, when it was swept off, the flo:or was nice 2. nd clean.

It was often said that Martha Ann was so clean that you could eat off the floors.

The harvesting that fall was done by hand

and everyone, large enough had to help. The grain was harvested by a sickle. Sanetimes this was done by Martha Ann and Sarah Ann while the men folks took over the more difficult job

of binding and shocking.

Maybe binding and shocking was for the stronger sex, but it has been said that Martha Ann could shock grain faster than any man.

The wild hay, or timothy, had to be cut and stored in the barn; the garden vegetables had to be prepared for storing and enough wood to be chopped and hauled for t he winter ...

William Orson was, by then, eight years old, so he was beginning to assume his share of the load.

Sarah Ann worked very hard in the fields and in the home, to relieve her mother of some of the work.

There were many struggles, trials and tribulations in this home, but there was also love.

They were taught to be religious, honest, kind, and generous, their mother and father being two of the most generous people in the community.

They all knew what hard work was.

Then came the long, hard winter.

Sarah Ann, William 0rson and Martha Ellen all started to school. They could go until it was time to start the spring work. They went to the North Ogden adobe school house that was erected in 1855. It stood on

the public square inside the "Fort", a little north of where the North Ogden Stake Center now stands 626 E 2600 N.

It was a one room structure, 24 by 36 feet, extending in length, east and west. Three windows on each side, two windows on the east end and

a door opening and a fireplace on the other end.

The furniture was all home-made and the open fireplace provided the heat.

The tuition of three dollars per term was charged, payable in cash or produce, fuel from the canyon, janitor work or boarding the teacher.

Books used were whatever the children could bring from their homes, such as the Bible, Pilgrim's Progress, Gulliver's Travels, Robinson Crusoe, Tales from Shakespeare and Ivanhoe.

The three Ira' s n were taught, readin, ritin and rithmetic along with

Page 22

Elijah Shaw II

spelling.

Charcoal and a smooth board was used for their sums, later on came the slate.

. In 1853, William Lawdley started teaching, then came Hulda Barnes Kimba.l L, Henry Holmes, William Barker, William Godfrey, Lucy Williams, Jesse Rhead and Mr. Sanford.

The long winter evenings were spent popping corn, telling stories and those .~o could read, took turns reading from the Bible.

The cnildren loved to play in the snow, making snowmen, clearing the snOT" fra:n the ice pond so they could ice scate.

Oft ti~es in the winter, Elijah II would hitch up the team to the bob-sled, put in some hot rocks for warmth, some hay for softness and the whole family would climb in and away they would go, singing , as they rode. What fun was had~

Chris~as was an exciting time, going to the mountains for a christmas tree, it may have been a pine or maybe a pretty cedar tree.

All year long, the smaller children saved pieces of string to be used for stringing popcorn and haw berries for the christmas tree.

Their christmas presents were very meager, maybe a much needed article of clothing or something of that sort.

Their di.rmer- was always just a little bit special, with family, friendsanc neighbors dropping in to say "hello" 0

In lc:'er years, Elijah II loved to take sane of his lovely apples to the nei~hbors to make their christmas a little brighter.

Many a needy family was the recipient of his meat, vegetables and fruit.

These ?ioneers were great people to "take care of their own II

family as ¥ell as neighbors. '

This :a~ily was a very close and loving family, with Elijah and T'" artha Ann setting the example.

Duri~~ the winter, Elijah would whittle new handles for his

plow or other tools if they were needed, so as to be ready for spring work. The wood for these handles had to be carefully chosen. It had to be hardwood taken from Osage, Locust or Cedar trees.

When spring finally arrived, Elijah II was anxious to get busy on his farm. There was so much he wanted and needed to do.

The first thing was to clear some more ground and get it ready to plant. This year he would plant a bigger garden and also maybe he could sell some of it and with the money, he wanted to buy sane fruit t ree. starts, maybe a few berry starts also.

Everyone participated in spring planting, even the smaller children.

They could do quite a bit, picking up the smaller rocks, etc.

After it was all planted, how nice it was to look over your land and have the satisfaction and feeling of a II job well done ".

As was mentioned before, about the springs and stream east of the house. Oh~ The lucious water-cress that grew on it's banks-the people

frcm far and near c-ame to get some of that "spring tonic", the first greens of the year.

Pussywillows and cowslips grew along the banks also.

A little further south was a small pond, where the ducks, ta~e and wild, swam at their leisure.

Picnics, family outings and other get-to-gethers, in the warm weather, were enjoyed along the banks of this stream.

How pleasant it was, after a hard day's work, to si.t in the shade and listen to the brook bubbling along.

Water was carried from the spring to the house to be used for cooking, drinking, washings, etc.

And of course, the "small fry" loved to wade in it while the older ones would go s~~ing.

There was always chores for the smaller children, cattle and poultry to feed, gardens to weed and hoe, wood to chop, berries and fruit to be picked, butter to churn, vegetables and fruits to dry for the winter, every little bit helped.

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Elijah Shaw II

Martha Anns' daughter, Sarah Ann Shupe met and fell in love with a young man by the name of Gideon William Alvord. They were married in the fallon 16 September 1860.

Nearly every pioneer home had a hone made grind-stone in the back yard. It was a very important item, it kept their crude tools sharpened, tools such as a scythes, sickles, axes, knives, hoes, shovels and many other pieces of farm equipment.

It took both the father and one of the children to use this stone. Father Elijah II held the blade against the rough stone, while one of the children turned the crank, he also watched the small bucket of water slowly dripping, to make sure all was going well there. The water prevented the wearing away of the stone or

the steel of the tool being sharpened.

Then came the finishing process. All of the children were fascinated, watching their father put the sharp edge on with the whetstone.

The Shaw family had some good neighbors. Oft times work was traded back and forth.

Some of the neighbors were; Packhams across the road to the south, Barnetts to the south-west, Baileys to the north-east and a gentile family to the north-west by the name of Sanford.

The neighbors were very helpful to each other, especially at threshing time. Their first means of threshing was with a flail, wagon cover and wind. One man could clean about six bushel of grain a day, if the wind was right. This flail was made by forming two pieces of hickory wood, the handle was perhaps two feet longer than the wooden lash, which was joined to it with a swivel made by hand.

Sometimes sickles were used to reap the grain and sometimes it was simply pulled.

It was placed in a large circle with Elijah II in the center with a pitch fork to turn it.

William Orson rode the old gray mare around and around the outside with the little colt following, thus trampling out the grain. The straw was pitched aside in a little stack.

In 1818, a self-binder was invented by Cyrus H. McCormick. It did

the work of five or six men. This binder cut and tied the grain in bundle~

Then came the threshing machine, operated by horses. This machine, with four men to operate it, three men on the grain stack, three or four men to care for the grain, could thresh about 250 bushel in ten hours.

Threshing day was of more than ordinary interest to the farmer and

his household-equal to the 4th of July and looked forward to with just

as much joy. On that day, men, women, and children all joined in the work. The neighbors would drive for miles around to assist and and several would bring their teams along for use on the horsepower. machine,

a combination of one great, cogged, metal wheel and several smaller ones, with wooden arms extending from the center, to which the horses were attached. The teams went around in a circle, the driver with a whip

of wood and buckskin, stood on a small platform in the center of the merry-go-round affair. It was quite a task to keep five teams pulling steadily, and if the speed varied, the grain was poorly threshed. A trained driver could tell by the roar of the machinery if the proper

speed was being maintained, and so crack his whip accordingly. It was often a two days job. The threshing machine was called "The Roaring Lion" and was feared as much as if it had been a king of beasts.

The children loved to watch the threshing; the boys carried water to the thirsty men and often the girls were kept busy pushing back the grain into the farther end of the bin. It was also just fun to jump upon the newly threshed straw.

When the threshing was done, the straw stack looked like a yellow mountain to the children, and boy~ did they explore itt They would roll down the smooth trail left by the straw-carriers, until they looked like they had been made of straw and their clothes were so full of chaff, they could hardly endure the scratching. That was the price they had to pay for their fun, but it was worth it all, and did they ever head for the swimming hole to wash off the "itch".

Martha Ann's task was great. With such few conveniences, she would have to start preparing days in advance to get her bread ready and enough baked to supply the threshers.

The meals were prepared from food grown on the farm. There was hcmecured pork, dried corn, squash, potatoes and same of Martha Ann's famous dried apple pie for dessert. Some potatoes must be boiled with their jackets on, so they could be warmed over for the early breakfast meal.

.1J.l..LJd.!l ull.d W .L.L

The threshers breakfast usual~ consisted of mush and cream, homecured ham and eggs or ITUltton chops and eggs, hot biscuits and molasses.

When ~artha, ... Ann signaled that the meal was ready, the threshers would all line up at the kitchen door and wait their turn to wash their hands and~face in-the little tin wash basin that stood on the stump of a tree or on the long bench near the kitchen door.

When the meal was on the -t.ab Le , Martha Ellen, Amelia and Laura were stationed around the table to keep the bowls full.

SatLL-day night was quite a ritual in the Shaw household. In the summer, beth water was heated outside in the sun or else they would bathe in.the pond. In the winter, it was heated in a big kettle hanging in the fireplace.

The youngest child was the first to bathe, then each in order of age. =t was necessary to add a kettle of clean, hot water as the process proceeded so when it was time for t-1artha Ann and Elijah II the tub was almost full.

Water was of the utmost importance in the Pioneer days.

In 1856, water was brought from Ogden Canyon, north to Cold Water Creek in ~orth Ogden. In 1858, the farmers started to bring it farther on. Many tL"TleS Elijah worked waist-deep in water to help finish the canal on out to the Hot Springs. He owned a perpetual water right

from North Ogden Irrigation Company which gave him 36 hours of water each -..reek.

After the sage brush was cleared and the water was made available, the land -""as made ready to plant. This land was not the best land

but with t~e help of father, mother, brothers and sisters, this farm was made one of the choicest in all North Ogden and Pleasant View.

Eli:~~ II pioneered the fruit industry. He was one of the largest and ~ost successful fruit-growers in all this horticultural paradise. P-is orchard was so beautiful, one could almost get lost in it. AL~ondsJ -"dlnuts, peaches, pears, plums, apricots and cherries. He

had about five acres of orchard bearing apples. As good apples, as one raised a~.here~ Some of his greening apples weighing a pound each.

He had about five acres of strawberries, which he could grow, in a favorable year, not less than 1500 cases, he also had one acre of raspberries, from which one year, he realized about 70 cases and

between the rows of his orchard, had about an acre of blackberries which did exceptional~ well.

The total acreage of his farm, 40 acres, was all under cultivation, either in orchard, grain, hay or in pasture.

Through his hard work, he became one of the best and well-to-do farmer in this vicinity.

Elijah II and Martha Ann acquired much land over the years. While searching through the abstract books at the Weber County Court House, I came up with a few. Why the two dates, I don't know. On March 10, 1870-- 4 January 1873 a deed was recorded: United States of America to Elijah Shaw all of the North West Section 32 containing 160 acres. On 28 Februa~ 1873-11 May 1878 Edward D Wade am wife Belinda to Elijah Shaw part of South West Section 29. William E Johnson and wife Mary Ann to Elijah

Shaw part of North West Section 29.

He also owned land in section 30 and some pasture land in Section 31.

When the railroads came to Ogden, the United States Government sold them every other section of land within a 20 mile radius on either side of it.

Elijah II purchased a section of land, 640 acres, over in Liberty, Utah. Some say he paid 50 cents an acre, while others say $1.25 per acre.

To the north and west of the property was North Fork Ca;lll}'"on. The water from this canyon was diverted into a small ditch at first later enlarged from five more streams that led into it. This system is still in use today to irrigate the land.

Tnis land in Liberty was divided among five of Elijah's six sons.

Edmund Riley had land up by North Fork; Elijah III, George and John in the middle section while William Orson' 5 land was on the south. Four cabins were built on this parcel ~f land. Later on, the youngest son,

Samuel, was given land in North Ogden. .

The Pioneers were self reliant and comparatively independent. Every family did a little of everything. They made their own garments out of their own raw material, manufactured their own soap and made their own matches and candles.

When they killed a sheep or a calf, they sent pieces to their neighbors; and they, in the future, perfonned the sam e kindness in return.

Page 25

Elijah Shaw II

In this way each family had a full supply of this kind of meat without the aid of a professional butcher and without the outlay of money.

The above statement was so typical of Elijah II and Martha Ann.

Durip~ the summer the children would gather roots and herbs to be dried for medicinal purposes. They were hung in the loft along the roof rafters in sacks. There was sarsaparilla, ginseng, snakeroot, catnip, tansy, garlic, sage, dog-fennel, pennyroyal, wormwood, elecampane, and boneset. These aren't much like our medical supplies of today.

Strings of dried apples, peaches, and pumpkin also hung from the rafters.

To ~~ard against the ague, a jug of bitters composed of dogwood-bark and prickly-ash berries was provided, and to ward off an attack of the worms in children tansy or wormwood litters were regularly administered.

In their dirt cellar, dark and cool, hung cured hams and bacon, along with jars and bags of fruit.

Barrels and great stone jars (crocks) held sauerkraut, salt pork and corned beef.

There were gunny sacks filled with dried beans, carrots and other vegetables~were buried in straw or sand to keep them fresh and alwayss a huge bin of potatoes.

Cabbage did very well on the farm. In the fall, it was chopped up with a clean spade, put in a 20 gallon crock, put in the cellar and left unt i I it became sauerkraut. Martha Ann being of German decent, was very fond of it.

All of this autumn-to-autumn store was grown and processed by the fami~Y itself.

El-=-jar: II and Martha Ann were the most liberal people ever known.

They ~ere a close knit, loving family. The children would rather receive a spanking from their father than their mother. (He was

real tender-hearted and didn't spank hard.)

Martha Ann had ver.y little education, she was a fair reader but a poor writer. She taught Elijah II to read a little.

In the warm weather, when they weren't working, a group of young people would get together and go out to the Utah Hot Springs, to swim. Before bath houses and dressing rooms were built, wagons and nearby bushes were used as screens for changing bathing suits.

Every chance the community could find for good, clean, sociable amusements was welcome.

In the fall, they held a "wood" supper and dance. This was for the purpose of getting wood for the school house, church house and the neeqy of the community.

The Shaw's were always ready with their wagon and team of horses.

Those bringing a load of wood in, were paid by tickets, the bigger the load, the more tickets. The aim of the driver was to see that he had enough "wood tickets" to entitle each member of his family to have supper and go to the dance after.

The supper was donated and prepared by the housewiveos. Long tables were loaded with every kind of appetizing food known to the group. Spicy pickles, preserves, shimmering jellies, hot vegetables, meat and pies. Chicken pie was one of the favorite dishes, and of course mashed potatoes with thick cream to make them fluffy. The drinks were water, milk, buttermilk and cider.

It seemed as though the young men "gaunted up" just for this occasion.

After supper, the dancing went on for into the night~

The male side of the Shaw family often participated in "Corn Husking Bees". In these "Bees [ the corn was gathered into large shocks t.o.be carefully taken apart. First, the ears were removed from the shocks, husked and put into piles to be stored for winter use and for seed for the next year. The stocks and dry husks were stored to be used for stock feed in

the winter.

There were Ilroof-raisiIlS" bees, to he lp new neighbors get their houses built. There were "Quilting Bees" and "Peach and Apple Bees" for the girls and women.

Page 26

Elijah Shaw II

In the fall, when the peaches and apples were ripe, the young women would wash them, cut them up and put them out to dry on large tables or scaffolds.

Often the young men would just happen "t o pass by" J they would help the young women with this chore just to be near them.

Quite natural~, the b~s would start same mischief qy throwing fruit at each other or putting it down the girls neck or just having

a pitch-battle. When the work and play was finished, everyone headed for the water to wash up and get ready to eat. Molasses candy, watermelons and cantaloupes were usually had, after which games were played such as steal stick, run-sheep-run, pomp, pop the whip and whiftywhifty-holler.

The older folks would play quieter games; Button Button, whose got the button; crossing the plains; fruit basket and heavy, heavy, hangs over thy poor head.

Later in the fall, a Harvest Festival and dance was held,

usually at the school or church house. Everyone brought their finest commodities to put on exhibit. Then, of course, the gathering wouldn't be canplete without sanething to eat. Tables were laden down with "goodies" such as: squash, pumpkins, apples, corn, bread, butter,

roast beef, cheese, cakes, pies (especially pumpkin pies) potatoes

and gravy.

In 1868, the town was divided. The west end was called "Stringtown" but was later named Pleasant View.

At that time, they had their own school, but it wasn't until 9 July 1882 that the ward was divided. Then on 16 May 1886, a new Ecclesiastical ward was formed. Edward We Wade was Bishop.

The Shaw membership was transferred to the new ward at that time.

The baptisms were done in ponds, same in Cragun's pond and sane in Packham's Pond (In all probability some of the Shaw children were baptized in Packham's pond, it being the closer) Fast meeting was held on the first Thursday morning of the month, at 10 Oclock. School was dismissed during this time.

In 1864, North Ogden had a Post Office. The people would come to the office to pick up their mail. Later on the mail was delivered to the hones by Mr. Pershaw, who delivered it in a horse and buggy,

then it was delivered out of Harrisville.

On 1 December 1893, it was distributed out of Ogden.

As time went on same of the children began reaching adulthood. Martha Ellen was the first to get married. She was just fifteen when she met and fell in love with Hyrum Rose. They were married 24 May 1869.

Edmund Riley and Laura were the next two. They planned a double wedding. They went to the Salt Lake Endowment House and received their endowments on 20 November 1871, and were married the same day, according to the Temple records and Temple Index Card. (according to sane of tlie family group sheets, their marriage date was 20 November 1870) I have taken the Temple records as my date.

Edmund Riley was married to Elizabeth Rose, a sister of Hyrum.

Edmund was just lbt years old and Elizabeth l7~.

Laura married Willard Uriah Cragun, Laura was younger still, just l4~ years old and Willard was 17.

There must have been some magic, magnetic charm or something in the Rose familY, because William Orson married another sister, Phoebe Ann on 20 January 1872. Phoebe Ann was l5~ years old but William Orson was older, he was 21 years old.

Despite the young ages of these couples, they lived happily together until death parted them.

When Edmund Riley's wife, Elizabeth died, 20 November 1876,

Edmund was called to go on a mission to Tennessee, the place of his mother': birth. He left his two young daughters, Eva l~ years and Sarah 3 years

and 7 months, with his parents, Elijah II and Martha Ann. He returned

hone after two years and moved in with his father and mother.

On 2 January 1879, he married as his second wife, Sarah Jane Ward.

Edmund wanted to take the girls to live with him and his new wife, but Elijah II and Martha Ann couldn't part with them. They loved them too much. Edmund and Sarah Jane left the girls there, where they grew up to wananhood.

Sarah went to college, upon completion, she married Chancey Willard Rhees, 25 November 1892.

Eva was married to George Franklin Barker, 6 May 1892, Eva being

another young bride, almost 17~

As the family prospered, they began thinking about a new hane, so in the winter of 1877-78, the plans were made.

This home was to be built just west of the log home and north of the barn. It was to be a love~ two stor.y house.

A flowing well was driven at the north-east corner of the home, later to be piped into it.

In the spring, when the planting was over, rock, footings and foundations were put in place. Then the brick work was begun. The bricks were probably made Qy the Cragun family, in as much as Laura had married Willard Uriah Cragun. The walls of the house were made three or four bricks thick, (about one foot) which kept the house cool in the summer and warm in the winter.

The bricks used were of superior quality except for the north side, which were not as good.

It was a large, victorian style house with "Peek" windows. It

was two stories, measuring 32 feet east and west and 40 feet north and south. A large brick chimney on east and west end, extending from the ground to above the roof.

On the main floor, there were two big roems across the south,

a bedroom and a living room. In the middle, extending the full width of the home was a kitchen, dining room combined and on the north end was a large pantry and a large wash room.

There was a lovely staircase, inbetween the two frant rooms, leading to the upstairs--15 steps north, a landing, then three steps west, leadin~ into the west bedroom.

Upstairs on the south, were two large bedrooms while the' north

half was a lovely "ba Ll.r ocm " approximately 31 by 23 feet. It had the smoothest hardwood floor available. It had seven windows in it, five

on the north and one on the east and one on the west end. The ceilings in the upstairs were about ten feet high, while the ones downstairs

were thirteen. The twelve-inch baseboards, the door and window casings, the doors with their transoms, and the stair-case were all made of lovely birds-eye maple, verJ exquisite~ carved and kept ve~ highly polished.

The front door was on the south with a small "stoop" over the steps

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Page 28

Elijah Shaw II

A large porch, of the house. kitchen opened kitchen:

with a balcony, ran the full length of the Q~st end An east door fran the living roan and one fran the onto this porch. There was also a west door in the

Later on, a basement was excavated under the south half of the house. There were three large dirt rooms and a small one.

In the fall, this basement was loaded with cabbage, turnips, beets, potatoes, carrots, all kinds of dried fruits and vegetables, along with many dried herbs and spices and bushels and bushels of crisp, juicy apples, to be given away to family, friends and neighbors all winter long. The basement kept the produce good, all winter and even into the early summer.

Before there were any halls for dancing, some of the families built an extra large room in their home for just that purpose.

This large north room in the upstairs of the Shaw home was built with that in mind. A pot-bellied stove served to heat it and candles were used for lights.

This hall was used for many years, being the only one available.

Alfred Berrett had built one about 1873 but it was discontinued after about a year. Then about 1890, John Jones built one, later on Sidney Stevens built one which burned down.

Elijah II offered it for dancing parties if the young people would furnish the wood a nd the candles. This offer was quickly accepted. Loads of wood 'were hauled and cut up ready to burn, while the girls made the candles for light.

In 1876, two years before Elijah II built his new home with

the dance hall, the church authorities ruled that dances start at two in the afternoon and close at ten in the evening, eight hours of straight dancing? Later on this ruling was done away with, as it took up too much working time.

Elijah II was always very protective and strict with the young folk. There was to be absOlUtely no smoking, no dr'Lnk i.ng , no fighting nor swearing and no excessive noise--just good clean fun. If his rules were not adhered to, they were not welcome.

Oft t.ime the older folks would like to show their appreciation to the Shaws for their hospitality. Some would donate money but

mostly fruits, vegetables, a cord of wood, maybe sane grain. Candles were always welcomed above a~hing else.

Just south of t.he v''Ba Ll Rocm" in the Shaw house were two large bedrooms. If the whole family wanted to came to the dances, the babies and smaller children were put to bed, so the parents could enjoy the dancing. Fran Grandpa to the youngest member of the family, all joined in the fun.

Sometimes Bupper was brought along and the family stayed until the wee hours of the morning. The music was usually furnished by a fiddler or two, maybe a mouth-organ and if they were not available, someone with a good strong whistle would take over.

Elijah II was said to have had one of the first organs in the coemuni.tj Later on srme one used an a ccordian. When the t.ovn was able to boast of

a Brass Band, it was sometimes used.

The most popular dances of the day were; The Virginia Reel, Square Dances, Schottische, the Q}ladrille, and the Highland Fling. For variety, they danced The Berlin Polka, The Money Mush and Sir Roger deCoverly. The Waltz and two-step were being introduced about that time.

When the dance was over, the girls could walk home--a distance of five or ten miles--unless their beaux had a horse with a saddle and pillion. The girl would usually climb on a stump or a fence and spring on the horse behind the rider, and ride home. If they were engaged to be married, and the day set, she would clasp her wellomuscled arms around him, he clasping one hand in his. There was one great drawback. If the

Page 29

Elijah Shaw II

fellow wanted to kiss his girl, it was difficult to kiss her in that position, though it could be done. How all the young men enjoyed riding over hills and rough places~ The girls just had to clasp them that much tighter.

Man,y of the young folks came f'r on far and near. There was a young lady by the name of Mary Louise Chadwick, who with sane of her friends, came to the dances, Elijah III just couldn't keep

his eyes off her. Elijah II's sister Amelia (M in) was dating a young man by the name of Jesse Hyatt. The two young couples decided

to get married. They planned for a double wedding. On 13 February 1879, they went to Harrisville, some three miles to the southwest, and

were married by the Justice of the Peace.

Amelia and Jesse moved into a hame of their own. Elijah III and Louise moved in with his parents until spring came and they could build a cabin of their own over in Liberty on some of the Railroad land they had acquired.

Elijah II and Martha Ann had been very industrious, thrifty and honest. They were independent and made a good living for themselves and their children through honest toil and work.

Although Elijah II didn't go to church ve~ much he was deeply religious. His morals were very high. He always kept the Word of Wisdan, ne i ther drinking nor smoking and he always paid a full tithing.

He had faith in the Gospel of the Lord Jesus Cp~ist and had it manifested to him many times, which caused him to believe and know that the principles of life and salvation are true.

He did his best to help in the building up of the community.

He attend€d his work and did it well.

In 1883, Elijah II decided that he would like to go to California and visit the "Gold Field" to see what he had missed out on.

Martha Ann had been in poor health for the last few years with

a uterine tumor, which compelled her to stay close to home because of severe hemorrhaging, so she decided to stay home.

Elijah II hired a young lady by the name of Mary storey to help care for her and help with the work. With her, in gOOd hands, he prepared for the trip.

He being the kind man he was, gave Martha Ann the same amount

of money that it would take him for his trip. With it, she bought herself a new buggy and derived much pleasure fran it.

When Elijah II got to California and surveyed the '~old Fields" he said ''There is nothing here that I want, My _"Gold Field" is right back home with my loving wife and family and my fann ". So back hane he came.

While Mary Storey was living in the Shaw home, George fell in love with her and they were married 31 December 188h.

John was the next one to marry. He married Mary Eliza Brown on 17 February 1886.

After Elijah II came back from California, he and Martha Ann were both contented and happy. They had a lovely home, farm and family; and were very much respected in the c~rnunity--What more could anyone ask~

Martha Ann's health gradually- worsened and finally on 21 November 1890 she passed aw;ay.

She was buried in the North Ogden Cemetery at the foot of beautiful Ben Lamond, the peak they saw when they first came to Weber County to find a place to live, a place to call home.

Samuel was the last one to marry. He and Harriet Louisa Barker-, 25 February 1891, just shortly after his mother's death.

Elijah II was a very lonely man after Martha Ann died. Thank goodness he still had his grand.,;.daughters, Sarah and Eva with him.

Before Martha Ann took sick and couldn't travel, she and Elijah II went to the Endowment House in Salt Lake City to be sealed for "I'dme and All Eternity" but some objection was made because of her having a husband who had died, so they wern't sealed at that time.

Here is a copy of an old, faded letter fran President Wilford Woodruff and George Q. Cannon in reference to this matter and also granting permission for Martha Ann to be sealed to Elijah II. (See next page)

On 26 February 1891, the day after Samuel was married, Elijah II and his daughter Laura, went to the Logan Temple to do the TEmple work for Elijah~s parents.

On Film Number 34515, Part 3, Sea lings for the dead, husband and wife, we find this entry:

6250 Elijah Shaw, dead 1782 N. J. died 1842 Prozy Elijah Shaw

Page 30

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E-lijah Shaw II

6280 Lydia Bowen dead 1778 N. J. died 17 November 1848 Proxy Laura S. Cragun Sealed 26 February 1891 by N. C. Edlefsen,

Witness H. J. Nielson

On the aame film as 6651 Elijah Shaw self

above, we find;

B 15 February 1822

Cleannont Ohio Martha Ann Thomas dead B 20 Novanber 182'4

Sullivan Co. Tennesee d 21 Nov 1890 Proxy Laura S. Cragun Sealed 22 April 1891 by M. N. Merrill

Witt: NMcNeil

Witt: N. C. Edlefsen

On 17 June 1891, the whole family went to the Logan Temple to be sealed to their parents.

On Film number 24516 part 1, Sealing of Parents to Children. 21 May 1884 to 20 Aug 1891.

~age94Q lists:

William Orson Shaw 11 January 1851

Kanesville, Potta, Iowa Martha Ellen Shaw Rose 25 August 1853

Salt Lake City, S. L. Utah

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Elijah Shaw

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North Ogden, We her, Utah 7 November 1862

North Ogden, Weber, Utah

Amelia Shaw

John Shaw

9 April 1864

George Shaw

North Ogden, Weber, Utah
28 October 1866
North Ogden, Weber, Utah
10 April 1869
North Ogden, Weber, Utah Samual Shaw

Sealed to Parents

Elijah Shaw 15 February 1822 Clearmont Ohio Martha Ann Thomas dead 20 November 1824

Sullivan Co. Tennessee, death 21 Nov 1890 Whitsides acting for the Mother

Geo. T. Baugh R. Larsen

Margaret Pierce N. C. Edlefsen

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Page 31 Elijah Shaw II

On Film r:JtJl'tb9r 2h516, part 2, 1891 to 1902 Logan Tem.p1e- Sealing of Children to Parents Page 65 15 March 1892

Elizabeth Jane Shupe Ricks dead 14 August 18hl west Virginia d 1 July 1889

George Shupe dead B 1843 III 18h3

Sealed to:

Elijah srur~ 15 Februar,y 1822 Clairmont Ohio and to their mother

Martha Ann Tn«nas Shaw dead B 20 November 1824

Sullivan Co. Tennessee d 21 November 1890 Mary 'fhanpson Richards acting for Mother

Martha Jane Ricks acting for 1 (her Mother)

Eli Bell acting for 2

N. C. Edlefsen

J. Quayle

Thos Moore

The other daughter of Martha Ann by Mr. Shupe, Sarah Ann, didn't want to be sealed to Mr. Shaw, so on 7 June 1893, she had Martha Ann and John Whitstein sealed and the three children sealed to them.

In th-e letter on page 30,+ an explanation is given relative to this sealing.

Elijah's grand-daughter, Eva, was the next one to get married, on 6 May 1892, she married George Franklin Barker.

That fall, Sarah, the other Grand-daughter Elijah and Martha Ann raised, ~arried Chancey Willard Rhees on 25 November 1892.

This left Elijah all alone, alone in that big house, with that big farm a nd getting olde r each day.

He decided to go back to Council Bluffs, (Kanesville) to where

he had first met his beloved wife and spent three happy years, before coming .. re st ,

When he got back there, he found part of the city on his farm.

He had been both East and West and he thought he had made the right decision, to stay here in Utah to raise his family.

As he grew older, he dreaded the time when he would have to give up his beloved orchard and farm, so he engaged a young man by the name of Ilihu N. (Nate) Warren to run his farm. Nate had a farm

of his own up near the mouth of North Ogden Caqyon and was a ver,y good fruit fanner.

Nate, with his wife, Priscilla and family moved into part of ElijahJ s home, where he tended the fann and orchard, keeping them both looking just as Elijah wanted them to look.

It was at this time that ElijahII's sister Lydia Pettigrew and her family came frail California to establish a hone here in this area. They bought sane land in North Ogden, where they built a lovely home.

After the Warren family-moved back to their own hone , Lucy Randall Koford and her three small children moved in with Elijah II to help take care of him.

In Elijah's older years, he would visit often with his children. He would get on his horse and ride south about ~ mile to visit his son, Samuel or ride over through North Ogden Canyon to Liberty to George's, Orson's, John's or Ed's children or up to the North East to visit Elijah III. Ed lived just around the corner fran him and he enjoyed those grandchildren coming over.

He could be seen, oft times, walking over west in Pleasant View, to visit Laura and Sarah. He always walked straight and tall and very fast.

Amelia (Min) had moved away and Martha Ellen had moved to Weston, Idaho, Eva had moved to Ogden and Sarah Ann Shupe had moved to North Ogden.

Elijah II, as has been said, loved to dance. Right up until the

time of his death, at dances he could be seen, his snow white head bobbing up and down as he danced. He had a full head of wavy hair and a snowwhite goatee.

Each spring, the ditch and the spring had to be cleaned. This particular spring, 1901, was a wet, cold spring and in the process of c Leani.rg them, he got wet and lay down on the porch in the sun to dry out, falling asleep and getting chilled through before he woke up.

He contracted pneumonia and became very ill with a raging fever. It became more than his body could stand and he passed away 5May 1901, at the age of 79 and was buried beside his wife, Martha Ann, in the North Ogden Cemetery, 7 May 1901.

A lovely headstone was placed as a marker for their final resting place. Martha Ann I s name and dates are on the other side. The inscription

Page 32

Elijah Shaw II

at the foot of the monument says:

Each of us hopes to join you at last on that beautiful Heavenly shore.

A kind, generous, hard-working gentleman, who, up until his death, had a keen active mind, who loved everyone and was loved by all.

He was never known to say anyt.h'i.na bad about anyone, his language was the best. He was the same eve~day, the same in the field as in the house, on week days as on the Sabbath day.

He always proved honorable and upright in public as well as in private life.

His life was not spectacular, it was typical of the quiet, courageous lives of the pioneers who established our community.

He and Martha Aim raised thirteen children, two of Martha Ann's Qy John Whitstein Shupe, Elizabeth Jane and Sarah Ann, two grand-daughters, Sarah and Eva and nine of their qwn.

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Elizabeth Jane Shupe Born 14 August 18hl, md Thomas Edwin Ricks' 27 March 1857 Died 1 July 1889.

George Shupe Born 1843 Died 1843

Sarah Ann Shupe Born 2 April 1816, md Gideon William Alvord 16 September 1860 Died 7 November 1907

William Orson Born 11 January 1851 md Phoebe Ann Rose 20 January 1872 Died 26 February 1916

Martha Ellen Born 25 August 1853 md Hyrum Rose 24 May 1869 Died 9 June 1922

Edmund Riley Born 22 June 1855 md (1) Elizabeth Rose 20 November 1871 and md (2) Sarah Jane Ward 2 January 1879 Died 14 April 1930

Laura Born 5 March 1857 md Willard Uriah Cragun 20 November 1871 Died 21 April 1920

Elijah III Born 30 April 1859 md Mary Louise Chadwick 13 February 1879 Died 15 Ju~ 1942

Amelia (Min) Born 7 November 1861 md Jesse Hyatt 13 F-ebruary 1879 Died 28 April 1942

John Born 9 April 1864 md Mary Eliza Brown 17 February 1886 Died 24 June 1946

George Born 28 October 1866 md Mary Storey 31 December 188h Died 18 February 1943

Samuel Born 10 April 1869 md Harriet Louisa Barker 25 February 1891 Died 9 September 1928

Granddaughters:

Sarah Elizabeth Born 7 April 1873 md Chancey Willard Rhees 25 November 1892, Died 30 December 1953

Eva Born 8 June 1875 md George Franklin Barker 6 May 1892 Died 18 November 19.34

As I look at my Great Grandfather and Great Grandmother's pictures hanging on the wall, I think of what a wonderful contribution they made in the settling of this valley, here in the mountains.

We, their.posterity know the results of their labor. We should do all we can to make them proud of us because they left us a wonderful heritage.

I have been working on this project for over three years.

I have read and researched many, many hours. I have talked to many people and have been told many different stories--I have recorded them-some I have been able to prove and SOOle I have not.

Page 33

Elijah Shaw II

It has been a big task for me and I have enjoyed every minute of it.

I hope you will enjoy my "ramblings" as much as I have enjoyed writing them.

Maqy thanks go to Helen Shaw Hall for her help at the Library and to Doris Rhees Lowder for her typing, and to all others who may have helped in any way.

Jeanette Shaw Greenwell Great-Grand-Daughter

P.S. There are some conflicting dates on Elijah II's birth year; 1822, 1823, 1824 and 1826. I am using the date found on his headstone and the age on his marriage license and the Sealing of Parents to Children 15 February 1822.

In the Salt Lake Genealogical Library:

Film 6238 pt 1 page 8 Centerville Ward Records lists182h

Film 6175 pt 11 Og Lib Pleasant View Ward Records lists 1823

Film 30105 Ogden Genealogical Library and F 2159, Marriage license lists him as being 28 years of age in April 1850

Salt Lake Gen Lib F 30151 on his marriage certificate, it lists him as 28 in April 1850, making it 1822~

Film 24516 nt 1 Sealing of Children to Parents, it lists 15 February· 1822

Martta Ann's dates are conflicting also. I am using the 1824 date. It was found on the headstone, marriage records and Ward Membership. On their marriage license, film numbers listed above, she gives her age as 25 years on April 1850, her birthday being in November would put her birth year as 182h.

Record of Membership for Centerville Ward lists 20 November l82h.

Sealing of Children lists 182h, although Pleasant View records list 1822.

On ~und Riley's birth place, some list Bountiful and others

list Centerville. I have taken Centerville because, in Martha Ann's history by Delores M. Hunter it states that when the family left West Jordan, they moyed directly to Centerville, not Bountiful and on his Temple Index Card it lists Centreville (later changed to Centerville).