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GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF THE

HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENTAL (HSE) PHILOSOPHIES


DOCUMENT

ADCO Document Reference No: 30.99.91.003

Draft Rev B

Safety and Environment Division - F41.8 / 31280

GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF


HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENTAL (HSE) PHILOSOPHIES

PREPARED BY:
Title

Signature

Lead Safety & Loss Prevention Engineer


(Technical)

REVIEWED BY :
Title

Signature

Head of Technical Safety

APPROVED BY :
Title
Safety and Environment Manager

Signature

REVISION RECORD

Rev
O
A
B

Date

Originator

Reviewed

Approved

31.07.94
27.10.94
23.06.98

C.J.J
C.J.J
C.J.J

Dept / R.O.D
D.W / R.O.D
Dept / A.M

M.M.K. Al M

Description
Issued for comments
Comments Incorporated
Issued for comments

CONTENTS
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0

General Information
Objectives
Definition
Reference Documents
Deliverables
Procedure
6.1
6.2

7.0

Contents of the HSE Philosophy document


7.1
7.2
7.2
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
7.10
7.11
7.12
7.13
7.14
7.15
7.16
7.17
7.18
7.19
7.20
7.21
7.22
7.23
7.24
7.25
7.26
7.27
7.28
7.29
7.30
7.31
7.32
7.33
7.34

1.0

Introduction
Initiation, Organisation and Responsibilities

Introduction
Basis of Philosophy
Design Criteria
Location, Orientation and Layout
Roadway Construction
Structural Design
Demolition
Equipment Identification
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Drainage and Sewage
Flaring and Venting
Isolation
Over Pressure and Relief Protection
Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S Concentration)
Lifting and Mechanical Handling
Hazardous Material Storage and Handling
Construction and Maintenance Considerations
Noise and Vibration
Emergency Evacuation and Escape Routes
Emergency Shut Down System ESD
Offices and Accommodation
Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC)
Emergency Power Supplies
Communications
Instrumentation and Control Centers
Passive Fire Protection
Flammable and Toxic Gas Detection
Smoke and Fire Detection
Audio and Visual Alarms
Active Fire Protection
Fire Fighting Systems
Provision of Medical Resources
Safety Equipment and Safety Signs
External Emergency Services

INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this document is to provide guidance to Project Design


Engineers on preparation of an HSE Philosophy, specific to their project.
It is essential the HSE Philosophy be developed at FEED / Basic design level
and subsequently updated as the design progresses.

2.0

OBJECTIVES
The principal objectives of the HSE Philosophy are:To ensure a safe design is achieved and thus minimise the possibility of
injury to personnel from the consequences of an accidental event.
To reduce the probability of an accidental event occurring.
To minimise the damage caused to plant, equipment, structures and the
environment should an accidental event.
To minimise any degradation to the local environment, be it wildlife habitat,
ground water, air quality or marine life.

3.0

DEFINITION
The 'HSE Philosophy' is a document specific to each project, identifying the
basic health, safety and environmental engineering in the design which is
used as a basis for more detailed development of design safety criteria.

4.0

REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
The following Company Regulations, Codes and Standards should be listed
along with Internationally accepted standards, as applicable to each project:ADCO Procedures

Safety Manual Vol.10.


Fire Precautions and Safety Regulations

30.99.90.015

Guidelines for Preparation of HSE Plans

(To be issued)

Procedures for Implementation of PHSER's

(To be issued)

Guidelines for Preparation of a


Register of Safety Related Devices

30.99.84.004

Fire and Safety Equipment Specifications and Approved Brands

30.99.84.006

Specification for Colour Coding of Pipelines &


Services

30.99.91.005 Rev B

Inert Gaseous Fire extinguishing Systems Access / Entry Lockout Philosophy

(To be issued)

Guidelines for Preparation of a


Fire Protection and Safety Dossier.

EP55000/16
EP55000/17
EP55000/18
EP55000/21
EP55000/23
EP55000/24
EP55000/25
EP55000/26
EP55000/27
EP55000/31
EP55000/32
EP55000/35
EP55000/36

Safety in Projects
Hazard and Operability Studies
Quantitative Risk Assessment
Safety Engineering in Facilities Design
Introduction to Fire Protection
Fire Resistance and Containment
Fire and Gas Detection Systems
Fixed Fire Fighting Systems
Mobile Fire Fighting Equipment
Operations Safety - General
Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S)
Safety in Production Operations
Safety in Maintenance

DEP 80.47.10.30.Gen

Assessment of the Fire Safety of Onshore


Installations

DEP 80.47.10.32

Requirements for Fire Protection in Oil Gas


Processing and Petrochemical Installations.

The HSE and Loss Prevention aspects of the project shall conform with
statutory legislation including, but not limited to the following:
- Law No.4 (1996) Establishing the Environment, Natural Wildlife Research
and Development Authority *
- Law No.8 (1978) on conservation of Petroleum Resources of the Emirate of
Abu Dhabi
- Law No.1 (1997) concerning the amendment of certain provisions of Law
No.8 (1996) on the Establishment of the Environment & Natural Wildlife
Research and Development Authority *
Federal Environmental Guidelines - UAE **
ADNOC HSEIA Guidelines.
ADNOC Environmental Protection and Occupational Health Guidelines.
Additional codes and standards which are to be complied with are specified in
the applicable design philosophy documents, e.g. IP, API, CENELEC, NFPA,
EN, BS etc.

The HSE Philosophy document may reference other specific Project


Philosophy documents, where these contain more detailed safety engineering
requirements e.g. Fire & Gas Philosophy, Isolation and Drainage etc.

NB *

**

5.0

A new Authority potentially with legislative powers. A draft


issue of their requirements is anticipated in 1998.
A new Authority with legislative powers, a draft of their
requirements was issued in 1997, (which may become
effective in 1998).

DELIVERABLES
List the applicable documentation required, refer to ADCO Document No
30.99.90.015 titled " Project Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) Plans "
Appendix 4.
As the design progresses through basic and detailed engineering, additional
requirements may be included, e.g. vendor data, pre-commissioning,
commissioning and start-up manuals, operating and any special procedural
manuals.
For each process plant, a document entitled 'Register of Safety Related
Devices' should be produced, which identifies on each section of the plant the
device, location, tag number and operating design parameters, e.g. PSV's,
SSV's, ESDV's, etc.
For each major plant or facility, a document titled " Fire Protection and Safety
Dossier " should be produced which combines a brief description of the risks,
locations, the flammability and toxicity of inventory, type/make or model
number of ESD valves, fire and gas detection and protection systems, also
fire, safety and rescue equipment on each site.
For further details refer to ADCO documents titled "Guidelines for Preparation
of a Register of Safety Related Devices" and "Guidelines for Preparation of a
Fire Protection and Safety Dossier" (to be issued).
It is important to identify and reference any training requirements on new
equipment, systems or procedures.

6.0

PROCEDURE
6.1

INTRODUCTION
The production of a HSE Philosophy document shall be considered for
all engineering design work regardless of size, function and
geographic location.

6.2

INITIATION, ORGANISATION AND RESPONSIBILITIES


Preparation of the HSE Philosophy, its implementation and
effectiveness shall be the ultimate responsibility of the Project
Manager or Team Leader.

The document should be subject to a multi discipline internal review


prior to final issue.
7.0

CONTENTS OF THE HSE PHILOSOPHY DOCUMENT


The HSE Philosophy document is written under subject headings as given
below. The subjects illustrated may not be applicable to every project and
others not shown may need to be developed.

7.1

INTRODUCTION
Include a brief description of the purpose and scope of the philosophy.

7.2

BASIS OF PHILOSOPHY
Incorporating the objectives as stated in Section 2.0, this section will define
the basic principles and design parameters being used on each project in
order to achieve those objectives.

7.3

DESIGN CRITERIA
This is a brief summary of the Health, Safety and Environmental Criteria,
incorporating the applicable Codes and Standards selected from those listed
in Section 4.0 titled "Reference Documents.

7.4

LOCATION, ORIENTATION AND LAYOUT


The geographical location is defined by block numbers and / or grid
references where appropriate.
The principles governing the orientation of the installation include :The need to ensure prevailing winds direct flammable or toxic gases away
from safe areas or inhabited property.
To avoid escaping flammable gas being carried towards sources of ignition.
To ensure waste disposal sites, incinerators or waste burning sites are
located where prevailing winds disperse smoke emissions away from
inhabited areas.
To minimise the detrimental effects of natural forces such as high winds,
flooding, high seas or tidal currents on shoreline structures.
Major material transportation ensure installations are safe from damage, e.g.
pipe bridges, pipeline terminals, pipeline risers, pigging launchers and
receivers.
Offloading facilities do not cause a hazard to impinge on the installation e.g.
approach and mooring facilities, road tanker loading and offloading.
Emergency services have a clear approach to the installations e.g. fire and
ambulance services.

Flares and vents are located so as to cause minimum interference or hazard.


Personnel areas, either continuously manned or leisure areas, e.g. control
rooms and living quarters, are either at a sufficient distance from sources of
hazard or, where this is not possible, are adequately protected against gas
ingress, blast overpressures and heat radiation.
7.5

ROADWAY CONSTRUCTION
Highway junctions, crossings, slip and access roads are designated to ensure
vehicular transport has safe passage both to and from the installation. Avoid
crossing major highways.
Ministry of Interior, Transport Section requirements are specified, along with
the type and location of impact barriers for protection of nearby facilities such
as oil and gas pipelines or High Voltage transmission towers requirements for
illumination, sign posts, kerbs and roadway markings are also stated.

7.6

STRUCTURAL DESIGN
A resume is given of the design parameters for the design of the structures.
This includes fire compartmentation, segregation, passive fire resistance, fire
ratings of walls, floors etc., protection against explosion over and under
pressures, protection against impact from either surface vehicles or aircraft.

7.7

DEMOLITION
Where existing plant is required to be demolished as part of the project, the
principle objectives are defined, whether to partially or totally destroy, discard,
mothball or salvage structures and equipment.
The method and means are fully described for each stage and preventive
measures against the chemical, physical, health and environmental risks
likely to be encountered are identified and detailed as early as possible.

7.8

EQUIPMENT IDENTIFICATION
Company policy regarding Tag numbering is outlined to ensure consistency
on design drawings, specifications, procurement requisitions and equipment
delivered to site. Reference is made to equipment requiring any colour
coding or hazard warning notices.

7.9

CLASSIFICATION OF HAZARDOUS AREAS


This identifies the codes to be used for defining the various areas and
indicates those areas which must be designated as non-hazardous, e.g.
control rooms, accommodation modules, radio rooms, fire pump rooms,
muster areas and laboratories.

7.10

DRAINAGE AND SEWAGE


The principal methods of draining hydrocarbons and chemicals from
operational areas are outlined. Requirements for segregation of open and
closed drain systems and of hazardous / non hazardous drains need to be
specified. The principles of treatment methods and disposal are outlined.
Arrangements have to be made to deal with firewater from monitors and
deluged equipment covering whole areas and sprinkler systems inside
buildings. Prevention of the passage of flammable vapours through drainage
systems is essential.
The separation of domestic sewage from other waste water (grey water) such
as sinks, kitchen and laundry facilities are clearly defined, also the collection,
dispersion and disposal methods.

7.11

FLARING AND VENTING


The initial decision on whether hydrocarbons from process equipment and
pipelines are to be released in flare systems and/or cold vents is indicated.
The limitations for the operation of a flare from considerations of the radiated
heat flux on personnel and equipment are listed and the calculations
recorded. These are normally based on the maximum radiation which can be
allowed :(i)

For protection of equipment

(ii)

For protection of personnel in areas of normal operation

(iii)

For protection of personnel under emergency flow conditions

(iv)

For protection of non-related activities ( i.e. the public )

Gas dispersion / concentration limitation for vents and unignited flares at


working levels should also be defined.
7.12

ISOLATION
The design criteria are stated and defined in sufficient detail in the FEED
/ Basic Engineering to ensure the requirements for double block and
bleeds, spectacle
blinds, bypasses, purging, cathodic probes, and
interlocking systems etc. are specified.

Consideration should also be given to providing means of access, lifting and


mechanical handling during maintenance operations.
7.13

OVER PRESSURE AND RELIEF PROTECTION


An outline design philosophy for relief and over-pressure protection systems
is specified. The possible requirement for a Register of Safety related devices
should be identified, for development at detailed stage.

7.14

HYDROGEN SULPHIDE H2S CONCENTRATION


The maximum concentration levels are defined for each specific area. The
maximum H2S concentration at working levels during normal and emergency
operation (including venting).
The height of atmospheric vents shall be determined to ensure the H2S limit
is not exceeded at working levels.
The H2S concentration at the fence in the burn pit area with the flare
unignited is specified.

7.15

LIFTING AND MECHANICAL HANDLING


Practical means of access and laydown areas are designated. The maximum
safe working loads for cranes, hoists, lifting gear and appliances are
specified in detailed engineering for both the construction and post
commissioning operations.

7.16

HAZARDOUS MATERIAL STORAGE AND HANDLING


Suitable areas for the handling and storage of hazardous materials are
designated. The principles governing exact locations are similar to those
outlined in Section 7.4. (Location, Orientation and layout). In addition to
permanent locations on the operational plant, temporary locations are
provided throughout the construction phases. The requirements for
segregation, shading, base lining, bunding and safety notices are specified.

7.17

CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE CONSIDERATIONS


Planning for safe erection should commence at the initial design stage,
outlining then later detailing the most practical safe methods of working
during both project construction and for future maintenance operations.
All disciplines should consider means of access, escape and anchor points
for working at high levels on roofing, steel work, vessels and equipment,
ceiling lighting, fire detection and HVAC ductwork etc., provision of
scaffolding, stairways and walkways, work on, over or adjacent to live plant,
provision of PPE against equipment dangers and the toxicity of building
materials, also the risks encountered during testing and commissioning
procedures such as hydrostatic and pneumatic testing on vessels and
pipework.

Consider minimising the effects the Construction phase will have on the
Environment, i.e., dredging and dumping of dredged material affecting tidal
flows, fencing, sewage, installation of portable incinerators to reduce the
amount of garbage otherwise buried as landfill etc.
7.18

NOISE AND VIBRATION


The maximum limits of noise in specific areas are defined, usually related to
either a national or industry code of practice. The absolute noise limit is

specified and the broad band levels for general work areas are normally
based on an 8 hour day. The various levels for different work areas are
defined, which are usually set to allow for reliable speech, telephone or radio
communication.
Vibration is required to be limited to avoid interference with both equipment
and personnel.
Consider the noise and vibration levels in Control rooms and if potentially
excessive, specify the requirement for an Ergonomic Study to be conducted.
7.19

EMERGENCY EVACUATION AND ESCAPE ROUTES


The methods of evacuation are outlined with an indication of the primary,
secondary or possible tertiary methods to be used.
The principal requirements for escape routes from all areas are designated,
e.g. guidance on whether primary and secondary routes are required, the
minimum dimension, the protection required, relevant to any requirements of
legislation and that no one accident is capable of blocking both routes.

7.20

EMERGENCY SHUT DOWN SYSTEM (ESD).


This states the number of levels required for shut down. This is normally
between 3 minimum and 6 maximum. The highest level is evacuation of the
plant after the total shutdown of all operating systems. The lowest level the
automatic shutdown of items of equipment due to an operation varying
outside set limits

7.21

OFFICES AND ACCOMMODATION


The safety features required in all buildings are to be specified, these include
the access, emergency exits and escape routes. The degree and type of
protection from external forces are stated. If possible, the preferred position
of the buildings in relation to other plant activities is indicated.

7.22

HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC)

7.23

Whenever possible, natural ventilation is used. The design parameters of


other systems are given with the principles to be used in their design, e.g. air
locks, smoke detection on inlets, smoke and fire dampers, prevention of the
effects of adverse winds and ingress of fumes, vapours and toxic gasses.
EMERGENCY POWER SUPPLIES
These are usually electrical power supplies and include non-interruptible
supplies. The required voltage and duration of supply are indicated together
with the units and services which are to be supplied by the system.
Classification and duration of Emergency and Emergency Exit Lighting is to
be identified.

7.24

COMMUNICATIONS

The principal requirements for communication systems are specified. This


covers internal plant systems such as public address or paging and external
communication between operations and other plants or civil authorities. Both
normal and emergency requirements are stated.

7.25

INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL CENTRES


The basis for the control philosophy are stated and particularly the interaction
of emergency systems and operating units, e.g. the action of fire and gas
detection alarm signals in shutting down operating equipment.
Remote operation and control facilities are designated and the preferred
location of control centres and control rooms is indicated.

7.26

PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION


The type and degree of passive fire protection is specified e.g. reinforced
concrete, expanded thermal insulation, the duration of the protection, flame
retardant paints and flame resistant applications. The areas requiring
protection are indicated e.g. main support steel work, main sub frame (MSF).
The requirement to consider sloping of plant/vessel bases, in order to divert
away and prevent any fluid loss from pooling beneath structures should be
stated.
The fire resistant rating of walls, doors, floors, ceilings and fire divisions are
specified. The use on fire doors of devices to prevent the transfer of smoke
are specified. The use of flame resistant materials on curtains, carpets and
foam filled furniture are specified in offices, dining rooms and
accommodation.

7.27

FLAMMABLE AND TOXIC GAS DETECTION


The required types of gas detection are indicated, i.e. both flammable and
toxic. The principles of their operational requirements, e.g. voting systems,
the levels at which alarms or action occur and the principal resultant actions
following their activation are indicated.

7.28

SMOKE AND FIRE DETECTION


The required types of manual call points, automatic smoke, heat and flame
detectors are specified describing basic principles and design parameters.
The preferred methods of operation, e.g. addressable / analogue or
conventional detection systems are designated. The principles of their
operational requirements, e.g. voting systems and the resulting actions
following activation are indicated.
7.28.1 Air Aspirating (Very Early Smoke Detection Apparatus)

The requirements for Air Aspirating, e.g. VESDA Laser Plus/HSSD


systems are specified, describing whether whole rooms or individual
equipment cabinets are to be protected. The alarm annunciation and
resulting actions are fully described because these are Pre-Fire
Alarm , not conventional "Fire" alarm signals.
7.29

AUDIO AND VISUAL ALARMS


The types of alarms from different systems are identified, i.e., fire / gas
detection and emergency shutdown systems. The positions and direction
which they will be sounding is also determined.
The signals must be taken or repeated to a 24 hour manned Control Room,
and connected to a central control panel for interaction with production
systems. Distinction is made between those which indicate locally and those
which are transmitted to other control points.
Provision is made for alarms to be visual in noisy areas, for them to override
public address systems and be clearly distinguishable from one another.

7.30

ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION


A brief description of the principal methods to be used for extinguishing fires,
e.g. hydrants and hose reel stations, portable and wheeled fire extinguishers,
AFFF, foam compounds, water monitors etc.
The use of fire dampers in ventilation ductwork or the use of other means of
mechanical isolation activated by signals from fire systems is specified e.g.
Magnetic release devices on Fire / Smoke doors, drop curtains on
extinguishing systems.

7.31

FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEMS:


This states the means by which fires will be tackled, e.g. water deluge,
sprinklers, fine spray, dry chemical powder and inert gaseous extinguishing
agents e.g. Carbon Dioxide, Inergen or Argonite.
Each system is simply described giving the basic principles and design
parameters only. The applicable EN, or NFPA Fire Codes and LPC, UL/FM
Standards are listed within the Section 4.0 Reference Documents.
7.31.1 Firewater System
The type of distribution e.g. reticulate system with maximum flows,
pressure drops and minimum pressure at outlets are specified,
together with the preferred materials of construction.
The number and types of pumps and their prime movers are stated
together with the preferred method of keeping the system under a
minimum static pressure.

The principal requirements for hose stations, fire hydrants, hosereels,


fixed or swivel monitors, sprinkler and deluge systems are stated and
whether foam mixing and monitor systems are required.
7.31.2 Other Systems
The use and types of extinguishing systems other than water, e.g. dry
chemical powder, CO2 or other inert gaseous extinguishing agents
(Inergen or Argonite) are indicated and the modules or compartments
in which they are used.
Precautions required for the protection of personnel, fire alarms,
functions and resultant actions are indicated.
7.31.3 Inert Gaseous Fire Extinguishing Systems Access / Entry Lockout Systems
The use, location and type of interlocking entry system to rooms or
area's protected by total flooding inert gaseous fire extinguishing
systems are indicated. (Refer to ADCO Doc Ref: 30.99.91.005).
7.32

PROVISION OF MEDICAL RESOURCES


Where medical rooms and first aid facilities are required, their bases are
outlined. The preferred location of these facilities is indicated and the
minimum size of rooms and number of beds is given. The level of treatment
required governs the equipment to be installed.

7.33

SAFETY EQUIPMENT AND SAFETY SIGNS


The principal requirements for all types of safety equipment are specified
including installation and storage locations, e.g. Breathing Apparatus, (PPE)
Personnel Protective Equipment, safety showers, eye wash stations,
stretchers, wind direction indicators, reflective or luminescent, dual
Arabic/English legend safety signs and notices including pictographs.

7.34

EXTERNAL EMERGENCY SERVICES


The extent of emergency services, fire, medical and control, which are
available and from where, are specified. The conditions and equipment
required to allow them to operate in emergency situations are outlined.

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