Sunteți pe pagina 1din 5

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING


CBE424- INTRODUCTION TO CHEMICAL AND BIOPROCESSES ENGINEERING
CHAPTER 2: SUSTAINABILITY
25 SEPTEMBER 2014
1. Chemical industries face a huge sustainability challenge from both financial and societal
perspectives. What is the role of chemical industries to solve its sustainability challenges?

The solution can be made by company. Companies must take a systematic value-centered
approach focus In simultaneously both addressing both their financial and societal
challenges.
2. Draw/sketch a process flow diagram laying out the range of operational and strategic risks and
opportunity those chemical industries face today.
(15 marks)

3. State the meaning of the following terms:


i) Stakeholder

A key to broadening the vision and driving innovation. A number of key stakeholder
group are shown. They are divided into the traditional economic stakeholders and
societal stakeholders.
ii) Sustainable value

Value that are positive for shareholders and stakeholders.


iii) Sustainable matrix

When a company`s product or business are operating in the upper left quadrant there are
hidden (sometimes not so hidden) risks. These could include loss of sales and etc.
When operating in sustainable quadrant (the upper right) there are a number of benefits
and opportunities such as enhanced reputation, etc
unsustaina
ble
(value
transfer)

sustainable
value

unsustaina
ble
(lose/lose)

unsustaina
ble
(value
transfer)

risks
loss of sale
production
substitution
preemptive
regulation
reputation
damage
fines and
penalty

opportunitie
s
enhanced
reputation
product
differentiatiom
motivated
employees
licence to
operate
new markets

(6 marks)
4. Define sustainable development and give one (1) example to show unsustainable condition.

Sustainable development is defined as developments that meet the needs of the present
generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own
needs.
For example, pulp and paper industries. We need paper everyday. In order to get that, we
chap more trees. If we do not take any action to plant it back, in the future there will be
no trees and will cause environmental problems.
(5 marks)

5. Environmental, social and economic elements are contributed to the effectiveness of the
sustainable development. Explain the concept of sustainability in the economic perspective.

The first step is estimation of capital investment that is usually based on the cost of the
necessary equipment. After the capital investment is determined, the operating costs of
the process can be derived from the different cost items like raw materials and energy.
There are two parts of course analysis. Complementary to this, profitability analysis
examines the expected revenues.
In conclusion, economic perspective include profit, cost savings economic growth and
research and development.
(6 marks)

6. In your opinion, how engineering field can contribute to the sustainable development and give an
appropriate example to support your answer.

In my opinion engineering has wide aspects. Engineers can contribute in sustainable


development. For example, increase productivity and selectively through intensification
of intelligent operations and multiscale approach to process control. Next, design novel
equipment based on scientific principles and new product methods: process
intensification in using multifunctional reactors, microengineering and microtechnology.
Another is, extend chemical engineering methodology to protect design and engineering
using the triplet molecular Process-Product-Process Engineering (3PE) approach to
manufacture end-use properties. Finally implement multiscale application of
computational chemical engineering modeling and simulator to real life situations from
the molecular scale to the production scale.
(5 marks)

7. Explain on TWO (2) sustainability issues that are faced by petroleum processing industry and
recommend the solutions to overcome the problems.

At the upstream level, productions of petroleum and gas are from continental shelf and
deep water, the environmental concern is more on the marine pollution. The solution is by
expanding rural electricity coverage`s particularly in Sabah and Sarawak and developing
new source of growth in the energy sector including participation of local companies in
energy related industries and service aboard.

At the downstream level, the environmental issues are such as the gas emission,
transportation, storage and utilisation of petroleum and gas. The solution is by
intensifying energy efficiency initiative in the industrial, transportation and commercial
sectors as well in government buildings. Incentives will be reviewed to encourage
transport operators to convert the vehicles to NGV. Besides we are promoting greater use
of renewable energy for power generation and by industries.

To ensure sustainability supply of oil and gas, appraisal wells will continue to be drilled
in small oil fields offshore and deepwater areas (more than 200 M) and ultra deepwater of
more than one kilometer especially in Sabah and Sarawak.
(9 marks)

INDIVIDUAL
ASSINGMENT

NAME: NURUL SYAFIQAH BINTI ABD WAHAB


GROUP: EH 242 1B
LECTURE NAME: DR FAZLENA HAMZAH
IC NUMBER: 950902015594
STUDENT ID: 2014433484

S-ar putea să vă placă și