Running head: WORKSHOP TWO

UNIVERSIDAD DEL TURABO

Escuela de Estudios Profesionales
Recinto de Tampa Bay
Discipline-Based Dual Language immersion Model

Melissa A. Hinnawi R.
Graphic Organizer
Med Surge
Subgraduado

Septiembre 7, 2015
Prof. Snchez, Dianne

WORKSHOP TWO
4. Prepare a graphic organizer (chart) comparing hypovolemia and hypervolemia. Include
contributing factors, manifestations, diagnostic procedures, treatment and nursing interventions):
Send to facilitator via workshop 2 options.

Hypovolemia

Contributing
Factors

Manifestations

Diagnostic
Procedure

Treatment

Nursing
Interventions.

Causes of
FVD include
abnormal
fluid losses,
such as
vomiting,
diarrhea, GI
suctioning,
and sweating;
decreased
intake, as in
nausea or lack
of access to
fluids (Heitz
& Horne,
2005).

Acute weight
Laboratory
Provide fluid
The nurse
loss; decreased
data from
to the pt by
should assess
skin turgor;
BUN can be
oral route, if
FVD, and
oliguria,
elevated
the FVD is
monitors and
concentrated
because of the
not severe.
measure fluid
urine;
dehydration,
If the fluid
I&O at least
orthostatic
Health history loss is severe
every 8hr and
hypotension,
and physical
the I.V route
sometimes
weak heart rate, examination.
is necessary
hourly. Daily
flattened neck
Also the
with Isotonic body weight are
veins; increase
hematocrit
electrolyte,
monitors; acute
temperature;
level is
when the pt
loss of 0.5 Kg
thirst; delay
greater than
normotensive, (1,lb). Vital sign
capillary refill,
normal
the pt should
have to be
decreased
because there
be on
monitored
central venous
is a decrease
hypotonic
closely, a
pressure; cool,
plasma
electrolyte
decrease body
clammy, pale
volume
solution. And
temperature
skin related to
(Powers &
water for
may
peripheral
Daly, 2007).
renal
accompanies
vasoconstriction
Serum
excretion of
FVD. Skin and
; anorexia;
electrolyte
the metabolic tongue have to
nausea;
change may
waste.
be monitored;
lassitude;
exist.
Accurate and
another thing
muscle
Potassium and
frequent
that the nurse
weakness; and sodium levels assessment of
have to
cramps.
can be
I&O, weight,
monitors is the
reduced.
vital signs and
urine
Urine gravity central venous concentration.
increase and pressure, level At last but not
osmolality
of
least pt with
can be greater consciousness cardiopulmonar
than
, breathe
y have to be
450mOsm/Kg
sound and
monitored the

WORKSHOP TWO

Hypervolemia

FVE may be
related to
fluid overload
or diminish
function of
the
homeostatic
mechanism
responsible
for regulating
fluids.
Another
contribute
factors we
have heart
failure, renal
failure and
cirrhosis; also
we have the
consumption
of excessive
amount of
sodium salts.

skin color.
hemodynamic
The we have
pressure.
the typical
fluid
challenge
which include
Administering
100 to 200 ml
of normal
saline
solution.
Clinical
Laboratory
Management
To Assess fro
Manifestation
date useful in
of FVE is
FVE, the nurse
such as
diagnosing
directed at the have to measure
expansion of
FVE include
causes, and if I&O at regular
the ECF and
BUN and
related to
intervals so it
include edema,
hematocrit
excessive
can identify
distended neck
levels. Both administration excessive fluid
veins, and
of these
of sodiumretention; daily
crackles
values may be
containing
weight may be
(abnormal lung
decrease
fluids,
require, breath
sounds);
because
discontinuing
sounds are
tachycardia;
plasma
the infusion
assessed in
increase blood
dilution.
may be all
regular
pressure, pulse
Other causes that is needed.
intervals,
pressure, and
of
Symptomatic
monitor the
central venous
abnormalities
treatment
degree of
pressure;
in these value
consist of
edema.
increase weight;
include low
administering Education must
increase urine
protein intake diuretics and
be provide to
output; and
and anemia.
restricting
the patient in
shortness of
In chronic
fluids and
how the pt can
breath and
renal failure,
sodium.
prevent the
wheezing.
both serum
Electrolyte
Hypervolemia,
osmolality
imbalance
in detecting and
and the
may result
controlling
sodium levels. from effect of
Hypervolemia
A chest x-ray
the diuretic.
and how they
may reveal
The treatment
can read the
pulmonary
may vary
manifestation of
congestion.
depending of
the edemas.
the severity;
from dialysis
to nutritional

WORKSHOP TWO
therapy.

Reference
Smeltzer, S., Bare, B., Hinkle J., Cheever, K., (2010). Fluid and Electrolytes: Balance and
Disturbance. Brunner & Suddarths Textbook of Medical-surgical Nursing. 12Th Ed, P.A.
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Pg. 270-275.