Test 6

GRE
MATH

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GRE Math Tests

Questions: 24
Time: 45 minutes
[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]
1.
If p and q are both positive integers such that p/9 + q/10 is also an integer, then which of the
following numbers could p equal?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

3
9
15
27
35

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

2. If a, b, and c are positive prime integers such that (a + 1)(b + 2)(c + 3) equals the product of exactly
three prime numbers, then which of the following must be equal?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

3.

a
b
a+1
b+1
c+1

Column A

x is a two-digit number. The digits

of the number differ by 6, and the
squares of the digits differ by 60.

Column B

60

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110

Test 6Questions

4.

Column A

The average of a set of six

positive numbers is 30.

The average of the numbers in

the set after replacing the
smallest number in the set
with 0

5.

Column A

Column B
The average of the remaining
numbers in the set after
removing the smallest number
from the set

q is an integer greater than 1. Let <q>

stand for the smallest positive integer
factor of q that is greater than 1.

Column B

<q3>

<q>

111

GRE Math Tests

[Numeric Entry Question]

6.
In the figure, what is the value of a ?

2a 3a
a

4a
l

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

7.
What is the area of the equilateral triangle if the base BC = 6?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

9 3
18 3
26 3
30 3
36 3
A

112

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Test 6Questions

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

8.
What is the perimeter of ABC shown in the figure?
(A)

2+4 2

(B)
(C)

(D)
(E)

4+2 2
4+4 2
4+4 3
2z
A
2
z

y
B

y C

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

9.
A closed rectangular tank contains a certain amount of water. When the tank is placed on its 3 ft. by 4
ft. side, the height of the water in the tank is 5 ft. When the tank is placed on another side of
dimensions 4 ft. by 5 ft. what is the height, in feet, of the surface of the water above the ground?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

2
3
4
5
6

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GRE Math Tests

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

10. In the figure, O is the center of the circle. If the area of the circle is 9
, then the perimeter of the
sector PRQO is
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

/2 6

/2 + 6
3
/4 + 6

/2 + 18
3
/4 + 18

O


P

Column A
6y + 5x

11.

x/15 > y/25

Column B
10x + 3y

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

12. If it is true that 1/55 < x < 1/22 and 1/33 < x < 1/11, then which of the following numbers could x
equal?
I.
II.
III.

1/54
1/23
1/12

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

I only
II only
III only
I and II only
II and III only

114

Test 6Questions

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

13. There are 87 balls in a jar. Each ball is painted with at least one of two colors, red or green. It is
observed that 2/7 of the balls that have red color also have green color, while 3/7 of the balls that have
green color also have red color. What fraction of the balls in the jar have both red and green colors?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

6/14
2/7
6/35
6/29
6/42

Column A
x

14.

x+y=1

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

15.

1

1
5

If (x + 5)  +  = 5, then x =

x

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

5
1/2
1
5
10

115

Column B
y

GRE Math Tests

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

16. A group of 30 employees of Cadre A has a mean age of 27. A different group of 70 employees of
Cadre B has a mean age of 23. What is the mean age of the employees of the two groups together?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

23
24.2
25
26.8
27

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

17. In a set of three variables, the average of the first two variables is greater than 2, the average of the
last two variables is greater than or equal to 3, and the average of the first and the last variables is 4.
Which of the following could the average of the three numbers be?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

1
2
3
4
5

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

18. Joseph bought two varieties of rice, costing 5 cents per ounce and 6 cents per ounce each, and mixed
them in some ratio. Then he sold the mixture at 7 cents per ounce, making a profit of 20 percent.
What was the ratio of the mixture?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

1 : 10
1:5
2:7
3:8
5:7

116

Test 6Questions

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

19. If (x 2)2 = 1, then (x 2)(x 4) =
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

3
1
3
8
15

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

20. If x and y are both prime and greater than 2, then which one of the following CANNOT be a divisor of
xy?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

21.

2
3
11
15
17

Column A

Mr. Chang sold 100 oranges to

customers for $300 and earned a
profit.

The percentage of the profit

that Chang got

Column B

The selling price of the oranges

expressed as a percentage of the
cost

117

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GRE Math Tests

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

22. Sarah cannot completely remember her four-digit ATM pin number. She does remember the first two
digits, and she knows that each of the last two digits is greater than 5. The ATM will allow her three
tries before it blocks further access. If she randomly guesses the last two digits, what is the
probability that she will get access to her account?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

1/2
1/4
3/16
3/18
1/32

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

v+w
23. To halve the value of the expression
by doubling exactly one of the variables, one must double
x
yz
which one of the following variables?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

v
w
x
y
z

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

24. The minimum temperatures from Monday through Sunday in the first week of July in southern
Iceland are observed to be 2C, 4C, 4C, 5C, 7C, 9C, 10C. What is the range of the
temperatures?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

10C
8C
8C
10C
12C

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Test 6Solutions

Answers and Solutions Test 6:

Question

Answer

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.

B, D
B, C, E
D
B
C
18
A
B
B
A
B
B
D
D
C
B
D, E
B
B, C
A
B
C
C
E

1. If p is not divisible by 9 and q is not divisible by 10, then p/9 results in a non-terminating decimal and
q/10 results in a terminating decimal and the sum of the two would not result in an integer. [Because
(a terminating decimal) + (a non-terminating decimal) is always a non-terminating decimal, and a nonterminating decimal is not an integer.]
Since we are given that the expression is an integer, p must be divisible by 9.
For example, if p = 1 and q = 10, the expression equals 1/9 + 10/10 = 1.11..., not an integer.
If p = 9 and q = 5, the expression equals 9/9 + 5/10 = 1.5, not an integer.
If p = 9 and q = 10, the expression equals 9/9 + 10/10 = 2, an integer.
In short, p must be a positive integer divisible by 9. Choices (B) and (D) are both divisible by 9. They must
be chosen.

2. The prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, ...
From the list, both a and a + 1 are prime only when a is 2.
From the list, both b and b + 2 are prime when b is 3 or 5 or 11 or so on.
From the list, both c and c + 3 are prime when only c is 2.
Choice (A): a = 2, and Choice (B) is 3 or 5 or 11 ... Choice (C) 3, Choice (D) 4, or 6 or 12, ...Choice (E)
c + 1 = 3.
From the analysis above, choices (B), (C), and (E) could be equal, the rest cannot. Select (B), (C), and (E).

119

GRE Math Tests

3. Suppose a and b are the two digits of the number x, and let a represent the greater of the two. From the
given information, we have
ab=6
a2 b2 = 60

(1)

Applying the Difference of Squares formula, a2 b2 = (a b)(a + b), to the second equation yields
(a b)(a + b) = 60
6(a + b) = 60
a + b = 60/6 = 10

since a b = 6
(2)

Adding equations (1) and (2) yields 2a = 16. Dividing by 2 yields a = 8. Substituting this in equation (2)
yields 8 + b = 10. Solving for b yields b = 2. Hence, the two digits are 2 and 8. They can be arranged in any
order. Hence, 28 and 82 are two feasible solutions. Now, 28 is less than Column B, and 82 is greater than
Column B. Hence, we have a double case, and the answer is (D).

4. Let a, b, c, d, e, and f be the numbers in the set, and let f be the smallest number in the set.
When the smallest number (f) in the set is replaced by 0, the numbers in the set are a, b, c, d, e, and 0.
a +b+c + d +e+ 0 a +b+c + d +e
.
Column A equals the average of these six numbers, which equals
=
6
6
Instead, if the smallest number in the set is removed, the remaining numbers in the set would be a, b, c, d,
and e. Now there are only 5 numbers in the set. Hence, Column B, which equals the average of the
a +b+c + d +e
.
remaining numbers (five numbers) in the set, equals
5
Since all the numbers in the set are positive (given), the sum of the five numbers a + b + c + d + e is also
positive. Note that dividing a positive number by 5 yields a greater result than dividing it by 6. Hence,
a +b+c + d +e
a +b+c + d +e
is greater than
. Thus, Column B is greater than Column A, and the answer
5
6
is (B).

5. The eye-catcher is Column A since we are looking for the smallest factor and q is smaller than q3. Lets
use substitution to solve this problem. Since q > 1, we need to look at only 2, 3, and 4 (see Substitution
Special Cases). If q = 2, then <q> = <2> = 2 and <q3> = <23> = <8> = 2. In this case, the two columns are
equal. If q = 3, then <q> = 3 and <q3> = 3. In this case, the two columns are again equal. If q = 4, then
<q> = 2 and <q3> = 2. Once again, the two columns are equal. Hence, the answer is (C).

6. The angle made by a line is 180. Hence, from the figure, we have
a + 2a + 3a + 4a = 180
10a = 180
a = 18
Enter in the grid.

120

Test 6Solutions

7. Since the side BC of the equilateral triangle measures 6 (given), the other side AC also measures 6.
Since the altitude AD bisects the base (this is true in all equilateral or isosceles triangles), CD = BD =
(1/2)BC = 1/2
6 = 3. Applying The Pythagorean Theorem to
ADC yields AD2 = AC2 CD2 = 62 32 =
36 9 = 27, or AD = 3 3 . Hence, the area of the triangle is 1/2
base
height = 1/2
BC
AD =
1/2
6
3 3 = 9 3 . The answer is (A).

8. Equating the vertical angles at points A and C in the figure yields A = 2z and y = z. Summing the
angles of the triangle to 180 yields
A + B + C = 180
2z + y + z = 180
2z + z + z = 180
4z = 180
z = 180/4 = 45

we know that A = 2z, B = y, and C = z

we know that y = z

So, A = 2z = 2(45) = 90, B = y = z = 45 and C = z = 45. Hence,
ABC is a right triangle. Also, since
angles C and B are equal (equal to 45), the sides opposite these two angles, AB and AC, must be equal.
Since AC equals 2 (from the figure), AB also equals 2. Now, applying The Pythagorean Theorem to the
triangle yields
BC2 = AB2 + AC2
= 22 + 22
=4+4
=8

given that AB = AC = 2

square rooting both sides

BC = 2 2

Now, the perimeter of
ABC = AB + BC + CA = 2 + 2 2 + 2 = 4 + 2 2 . The answer is (B).

9. When based on the 3 ft  4 ft side, the height of water inside the rectangular tank is 5 ft. Hence, the
volume of the water inside tank is length
width
height = 3  4  5 cu. ft.
When based on 4 ft  5 ft side, let the height of water inside the rectangular tank be h ft. Then the volume of
the water inside tank would be length
width
height = 4  5 h cu. ft.
Equating the results for the volume of water, we have 3  4  5 = v = 4  5 h. Solving for h yields
h = (3  4  5)/(4  5) = 3 ft.
The answer is (B).

10. Since x is the radius of the larger circle, the area of the larger circle is
x2. Since x is the diameter of
the smaller circle, the radius of the smaller circle is x/2. Therefore, the area of the smaller circle is
x2
 x 2
. Subtracting the area of the smaller circle from the area of the larger circle gives

  =

2
4
x2 4 2
x 2 4
x 2 
x 2 3
x 2

x2 

=
x 

=
=
. The answer is (A).

121

GRE Math Tests

11. Multiplying the given inequality x/15 > y/25 by 75 yields 5x > 3y.
Now, subtracting 3y and 5x from both columns yields
Column A
3y

5x > 3y

Column B
5x

Since we know that 5x > 3y, Column B is greater than Column A and the answer is (B).

12. Combining the two given inequalities 1/55 < x < 1/22 and 1/33 < x < 1/11 yields 1/33 < x < 1/22. Since
among the three positive denominators 12, 23, and 54, the number 23 is the only one in the positive range
between 22 and 33, only the number 1/23 lies between 1/33 and 1/22, and the numbers 1/54 and 1/12 do
not. Hence, x = 1/23. The answer is (B), II only.

13. Let T be the total number of balls, R the number of balls having red color, G the number having green
color, and B the number having both colors.
So, the number of balls having only red is R B, the number having only green is G B, and the number
having both is B. Now, the total number of balls is T = (R B)+ (G B)+ B = R + G B.
We are given that 2/7 of the balls having red color have green also. This implies that B = 2R/7. Also, we are
given that 3/7 of the green balls have red color. This implies that B = 3G/7. Solving for R and G in these
two equations yields R = 7B/2 and G = 7B/3. Substituting this into the equation T = R + G B yields
T = 7B/2 + 7B/3 B. Solving for B yields B = 6T/29. Hence, 6/29 of all the balls in the jar have both colors.
The answer is (D). Note that we did not use the information: There are 87 balls. Sometimes, not all
information in a problem is needed.

14. If x = y = 1/2, then x + y = 1/2 + 1/2 = 1 and the columns are equal.
But if x = 1 and y = 0, then x + y = 1 + 0 = 1 and Column A is larger than Column B.
Hence, we have a double case, and the answer is (D).

15. We are given the equation

1 1
+ = 5
 x 5
 x + 5
( x + 5) 
= 5
 5x 
 5x 
( x + 5)

= 5
 x + 5
5x = 5
x =1

( x + 5) 

The answer is (C). Note: If you solved the equation without getting a common denominator, you may have
gotten 5 as a possible solution. But, 5 is not a solution. Why? *

* Because 5 is not in the domain of the original equation since it causes the denominator to be 0. When
you solve an equation, you are only finding possible solutions. The solutions may not work when
plugged back into the equation.

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Test 6Solutions

16. Cadre A has 30 employees whose mean age is 27. Hence, the sum of their ages is 30
27 = 810. Cadre
B has 70 employees whose mean age is 23. Hence, the sum of their ages is 23
70 = 1610. Now, the total
sum of the ages of the 100 (= 30 + 70) employees is 810 + 1610 = 2420. Hence, the average age is
The sum of the ages divided by the number of employees =
2420/100 =
24.2
The answer is (B).
17. Let a, b, and c be the variables. Given
(a + b)/2 > 2
(b + c)/2 > 3
(a + c)/2 = 4
Adding the top two inequalities and the last equation yields
(a + b)/2 + (b + c)/2 + (a + c)/2 > 2 + 3 + 4
(a + b)/2 + (b + c)/2 + (a + c)/2 > 9
(a + b) + (b + c) + (a + c) > 18
a + b + b + c + a + c > 18
2a + 2b + 2c > 18
a+b+c>9
(a + b + c)/3 > 9/3 = 3
Average > 3
Choose (D) and (E).

18. Q28. Let 1 : k be the ratio in which Joseph mixed the two types of rice. Then a sample of (1 + k)
ounces of the mixture should equal 1 ounce of rice of the first type, and k ounces of rice of the second type.
The rice of the first type costs 5 cents an ounce and that of the second type costs 6 cents an ounce. Hence, it
cost him
(1 ounce
5 cents per ounce) + (k ounces
6 cents per ounce) = 5 + 6k
Since he sold the mixture at 7 cents per ounce, he must have sold the net 1 + k ounces of the mixture at
7(1 + k).
Since he earned 20% profit doing this, 7(1 + k) must be 20% more than 5 + 6k. Hence, we have the
equation
7(1 + k) = (1 + 20/100)(5 + 6k)
7 + 7k = (120/100)(5 + 6k)
7 + 7k = (6/5)(5 + 6k)
7 + 7k = 6/5  5 + 6/5  6k
7 + 7k = 6 + 36k/5
1 = k/5
k=5
Hence, the required ratio is 1 : k = 1 : 5. The answer is (B).

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GRE Math Tests

19. Square rooting both sides of the equation (x 2)2 = 1 yields x 2 = 1.

If x 2 = 1, then x = 2 + 1 = 3.
If x 2 = 1, then x = 2 1 = 1.
If x = 3, then (x 2)(x 4) = (3 2)(3 4) = (1)(1) = 1. Choose (B).
If x = 1, then (x 2)(x 4) = (1 2)(1 4) = (1)(3) = 3. Choose (C).
The answer is (B) and (C).

20.

Since x and y are prime and greater than 2, xy is the product of two odd numbers and is therefore odd.
Hence, 2 cannot be a divisor of xy. The answer is (A).

30
a
30
b . Hence, =
b . Solving for a yields
100
2 100
3
c
c
a = b . We are also given that a is c% of 50. Now, c% of 50 is

50 = . Hence, a = c/2. Plugging
5
100
2
3
c 3
6
this into the equation a = b yields = b . Multiplying both sides by 2 yields c = b . Since b is
5
2 5
5
positive, c is also positive; and since 6/5 > 1, c > b. Hence, the answer is (B).

21. We are given that a/2 is b% of 30. Now, b% of 30 is

22. Randomly guessing either of the last two digits does not affect the choice of the other, which means
that these events are independent and we are dealing with consecutive probabilities. Since each of the last
two digits is greater than 5, Sarah has four digits to choose from: 6, 7, 8, 9. Her chance of guessing
correctly on the first choice is 1/4, and on the second choice also 1/4. Her chance of guessing correctly on
both choices is

1 1 1

=
4 4 16
Since she gets three tries, the total probability is

1
1
1
3
+
+
=
. The answer is (C).
16 16 16 16




v + w 1 v + w
=
23. Doubling the x in the expression yields
. Since we have written the expression as
2x
2 x 
yz
 yz 
1/2 times the original expression, doubling the x halved the original expression. The answer is (C).

24. The range is the greatest measurement minus the smallest measurement. The greatest of the seven
temperature measurements is 10C, and the smallest is 2C. Hence, the required range is 10 (2) =
12C. The answer is (E).

124