a. It is cause by a posteriorly directed force to the front of tibia T b. It is common among female T (Female athletes are known to have a higher risk of injuring their ACL while participating in competitive sports) c. It is usually associated with lateral collateral ligament injury F (medial collateral ligament) d. It is usually associated with medial meniscus injury T e. It can be treated with patella tendon autograft T (reconstruction) 2) Regarding PCL injuries a. It is more common compare to ACL injury F (ACL more common) b. It is usually an isolated tear T c. It is associated with dashboard injury T (The most common mechanism of injury of the PCL is the so-called "dashboard injury) d. In grade 3 injury, the tibia subluxates posterior to the anterior aspect of the femoral condyle T e. Surgical reconstruction is the treatment of choice of most case F (only grade III) 3) These factors predict wound healing a. Albumin level of 20g/dl T b. Transcutaneous oxygen tension of 305 T c. Ankle brachial systolic index of 0.9 T d. HBa1c level of 6% T e. Toe pressure measurement of 20mmHg F 4) Regarding diabetic foot ulcer a. Can be treated with antibiotic only F b. Wagner 2 ulcer associated with osteomyelitis F (Wagner 2 is deep ulcer) c. Associated with painful neuropathy F d. Wound debridement is frequently needed T e. Wegner 5 probably need below knee amputation T 5) Regarding carpal tunnel syndrome a. There is presence of hypoesthesia at the palm F (palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve does not pass through carpal tunnel) b. There is presence of chondroid metaplasia of the tunnel lining T c. Pointing index finger is a sign F d. Phalen sign positive T e. Injection of steroid into wrist joint is a treatment T 6) Regarding trigger finger and its treatment a. Stenosing of A5 pulley is a cause F b. The flexor digitorum profundus gets trapped at A1 pulley T c. Release of the A1 pulley causes bowstringing T
d. Fibrous metaplasia occur at the pulley F
e. Occur in rheumatoid arthritis T 7) Regarding rheumatoid arthritis a. Causes symmetrical arthritis T b. Affect the intervertebral disc F c. Rheumatoid factor is an abnormal immunoglobulin T d. Periarticular osteoporosis is a radiological feature T e. Methotrexate is a disease modifying drug of choice T 8) In relation to gout a. Abnormal protein metabolism is a cause T b. Tophi is a feature of acute case F c. Dietary restriction of white meat is part of the treatment F (red meat) d. Consumption of fish oil is contraindicated F e. NSAIDs is the treatment of acute gout T 9) Regarding osteomyelitis a. The causal organism is usually staphylococcus aureus T b. In young children, Haemophilus influenzae is the most common agent causing osteomyelitis T c. Sequestrum is often found within the thickened cortex and are boared by the reactive bone and chronic granulation T d. Involucrum contains the sequestered, necrotic marrow and the endosteal bone T e. Chronic abscess can violate the skin by means of sinus tract lead to chronic ulceration and drainage T 10)Regarding bone mass a. Peaks at age 30 yrs old T b. 0.3% bone loss per year in men after peak bone mass T (After attaining peak bone mass at age 30, men and women lose bone at a rate of approximately 0.3% and 0.5% per year, respectively) c. 0.5% bone loss per year in female after peak bone mass T d. In early menopause, bone loss is cause by excessive osteoclast-mediated reabsorption T e. In late postmenopausel, bone loss is due to suppression of osteoblast activity T 11) Regarding osteoporosis a. Serum calcium is normal T b. Associated with poor fracture healing T c. Early premature menopause is a high risk T d. Can be treated successfully with calcium supplement alone F e. Osteoporotic related fracture usually occur in metaphyseal region T
12)Non-modifiable factor of osteoporosis includes
a. Family history of osteoporosis in first degree relatives T b. Advancing age T c. Personal history of fracture as an adult F d. Excessive alcohol intake F (modifiable) e. Corticosteroid medication F(modifiable) 13)Specific investigation of osteoporosis includes: a. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) T b. Quantitative computer tomography (QCT) T c. Single energy X-ray absorptiometry (SXA) T d. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) T e. Urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD) T 14)Regarding developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) a. Female is commonly affected than male T b. Left hip is more commonly affected then right hip T c. 80% is unilateral T (1 in 5 cases is bilateral) d. Generalize joint laxity predispose to DDH T e. A breech position with extended legs predispose to DDH T 15)Pathoanatomy of DDH include a. Shallow acetabulum T b. Femoral anteversion T c. Inverted labrum T d. Formation of Pulvinar T e. Contracted transverse acetabular ligament F 16)Secondary osteoarthritis is cause by a. Obesity F b. Septic arthritis T c. Recurrent dislocation T d. Pseudogout T e. Perthes disease T 17)Indication of internal fixation includes a. Open fracture grade 3A T b. Displaced acetabulum fracture T c. Displaced tibial plateau fracture T d. Femoral neck fracture in young adult T e. Pathological fracture T 18)Indication of external fixation includes a. Fracture associated with severe soft tissue damage T b. Closed fracture midshaft of tibia F c. Open book fracture of pelvis T
d. Aseptic non-union of femur F
e. Intraarticular fracture T 19)Regarding osteosarcoma a. It is a highly malignant primary bone forming tumor T b. More common in males compared to females T c. Peak incidents 10- 20 years T d. Commonest at metaphyseal of long bone T e. Classical osteosarcoma is extramedullary F (classic central medullary osteosarcomas) 20)Plain x-ray features commonly seen in osteosarcoma includes a. Osteoclastic changes T (osteolytic changes) b. Wide zone of transition T c. Sun ray spicules T d. Codmans triangle T e. Cortical breach T
FIFA 11+ Injury Prevention Program For Eight Weeks On The Dynamic Postural Stability of Teenage Male Soccer Players in Single-Leg Jump-Landing Exercises