Jawahar Navodaya

vidyalaya,Kiltampalem

Investigatory project
on computer science
On the topic:

Guided by:
done by:
Manoj Kumar Nirwan(P.G.T. IT)

P.Arun Sai kumar

Class:XII roll:4
Certificate
This is to certify that ________________, a
bonafide student of Jawahar Navodaya
Vidyalaya,Kiltampalem has comleted his computer
investigatory project on the dependence , of the
angle of deviation on the angle of incidence ,
using a
hollow prism filled by coconut oil \
coconut oil
successfully in the labs of JAWAHAR NAVODAYA
VIDYALAYA KILTAMPALEM,VIZIANAGARAM and

the work done by him is original and out of his own

knowledge

signature of incharge lecturer

signature of the external

examiner

Acknowledgements
On the forefront I would like to offer my heartfelt prayers to the
almighty and the omnipresent who owed me everything in my life and to
whom I am highly indebted.
Next in my thanks giving list I would like to include my parents
who gave me birth and helped me in every step of my life.
I would use this opportunity to to convey my heart felt gratitude
to our principal Sri.M.V.Subba Rao garu who permitted to do this project
and extended his helping hand in every aspect in completing this project.

I would like to convey my sincere thanks to Sri.Manoj Kumar

Nirwan (P.G.T. IT) who guided us through the project and gave us the
ample support to complete this project technically and mentally.
I would like to extend my gratitude to Sri.K.Ravi Kumar (FCSA)
Garu who gave his valuable support in completing this project.
Last but not the least I would like to thank my friends who
motivated me and extend their valuable helping hand in completing this
project
Lastly I would like to thank all the people who directly or
indirectly involved in this project.

OBJECTIVE:
1) to investigate the dependence , of the angle of deviation on the angle of
incidence , using a hollow prism filled by coconut oil \ coconut oil
2) and find the speed of light in given transparent fluids.
APPARATUS:

3) Drawing board , white sheets of paper, hollow prism , coconut oil \ coconut oil ,drawing pin
pencil,
4) half metre scale ,thumb pins, graph papers and a protractor.
THEORY:
REFRACTION OF LIGHT THROUGH A PRISM

Diagram shows section abc of a prism taken by a vertical plane , perpendicular to the edg

. bc is the base of the prism and ab and ac are its two refracting surfaces .
RQ is the incident ray
QS is the refracted ray
ST is the emergent ray
RQN1 = i = angle of incidence

From snells law , n= sin i /sin r

We have
n = sin A+Dm/2/sinA/2
this relation is useful for determination of n for prism material.
PROCEDURE:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)

fix a white sheet of paper on the drawing board with the help of drawing pins
draw a straight line XX parallel to the length of paper nearly in the middle of the paper
mark points Q1 , Q2 ,Q3 .on the straight line XX at suitable distances of about 5cm
draw normals N1Q1, N2Q2,N3Q3,.. on points Q1,Q2,Q3,as shown in figure
draw a straight linesR1Q1,R2Q2,R3Q3,making angles of 35, 40, 60(write values of th
angles on the paper)respectively the normals
6) mark one corner of the prism as A and take it as the edge of the prism for all the observatio
7) put it prism with its refracting face AB in the line XX and the point Q1 in the middle of AB
8) mark the boundary of the prism
9) fix 2 or more office spin P1 and P2 vertically on the line R1Q1.the distance between the pins
should be 10mm or more.
10)
Look the image s of point P1 and P2 through face AC
11)
Close your left eye and bring open right eye in line with the 2 images
12)
Fix 2 office pins P3and P4 vertically and 10cm apart such that open right eye sees pin
P4and P3and
13)
images P2 and P1 in one one straight line
14)
Remove pins P3and P4 and encircle their pricks on the paper
14)repeat steps 7 to 13 with points Q2,Q3,.for i=40,,60
To measure D is different cases
15)draw straight lines through the points P4and P3 (pin rocks) to obtain emergent rays
S1T1,S2T2,S3T3,.

16)produce T1S1,T2S2,T3S3,. Inward in the boundary of the prism to meet produced inciden
rays
R1Q1,R2Q2,R3Q3,. At points F1,F2,F3,.//

17)measure angles K1F1S1,K2F2S2,K3F3S3,these give angle of deviation D1,D2,D3,.

18)write the values of these angles below
TO MEASURE A:
19)measure angle BAC in the boundary of the prism. This gives angle A
20)record your observations as given below.
OBSERVATIONS:
Angle of hollow prism A=.. degree

S.No

Angle of
incidence
i

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

35
40
45
50
55
60
65

Angle of
deviationD
for coconut oil

Angle of
deviationfor
coconut oil

RESULTS:
1)The i D graph indicates that as the angle of incidence (i) increases ,angle of
deviation (D) first decreases ,attains a minimum values(Dm) and then again
increasing for further increases in angle of incidence
2) the angle of minimum deviation for
(a) coconut oil Dm=C
(b) coconut oil Dm=C
3) The refractive indices of the
(a) coconut oil n=
(b) coconut oil n=
4) speed of light
(a) coconut oil v=m/s

(b) coconut oil v= m/s

PRECAUTIONS
1) the angle of incidence should lie between 35 -60
2) the pins should be fixed vertical
3) the distance between the 2 pins should not be less than 10mm
4) arrow heads should be marked to represent the incident and emergent rays
5) the same angle of prism should be used for all the observations
SOURCES OF ERRORS:
1)Pin pricks may be thick
2)measurement of angles may be wrong.