Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Cripple stud
Cogged joint
Bullnosed step
Gravity wall
Quoin
Scarf joint
Baluster
Fenestration
Fig. A1
12mm
Inflection point
Rowlock
Scab
Cross bridging
Web
Brad
Pyramid roof
Stirrup
Pile
Soldier
Pigment
30cm
Carriage
Channel
6cm
Fig B2
Miter box
Plastic hose
with water
10cm
40 bd.ft.
Fig. C3
Boysen
Load bearing wall
Effective length
Volume
Stirrups
Cement
Gypsum board
Faade
Skylight
Soft wood
Fire brick
Plaster ground
Span
Riprap
Striking tool
Fig. D2
Stripping
Purlins
Anchor bolts
Lintel
Glazing
Cull
Lap joint
Green lumber
Valley
Fascia
Spike
Xylem
Retaining wall
Chord
Sleeper
Stud
Tyrolean finish
Adiabatic curing
Vinyl tile
Creep
Riser
Plough
Posttensioning
Ashlar brick
Perforated tape
Control joint
Hopper
Parquet
Wrought iron
Lag screw
Lead
Solignum
Admixture
Galvanized
Seismic
Stile
Baseboard
Mortar
Balangkas
Barakilan
Sinturon
Kusturada
Reostra
Asolehos
Platsuela
Kostilyahe
Batidora
Guililan
Lastilyas
Tubo de banada
Espolon
Pie de gallo
Baniera
SUBAN
BACKSET
CHORD
TYROLEAN FINISH
PANTILE
WROUGHT IRON
COLD JOINT
is placed against it
CAST IRON
Has high compressive strength but low tensile strength
BED
Horizontal surfaces on which the stone units lie on course
FOUNDATION WALL
That part of the foundation for a building which forms the permanent retaining wall
of the structure below grade
GRADE BEAM
That part of the foundation system which supports the exterior wall of the
superstructure and bears directly on the column footing
BATTEN
A narrow strip of wood applied to cover a joint along the edges of two parallel boards
in the same plane
BEAM BLOCKING
The boxing in or covering a joist beam or girder to give appearance of a larger beam
WESTERN FRAMING
A system of framing building in which floor joist of each storey rest on the top plates o
the storey below and the bearing walls and partitions rest on the subfloor of each stor
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE The pressure equivalent to that exerted on a surface by a column of a water at a
given height
BAY
A window which projects outside the mainline of the building created by the presence
in the soil
ACI INSULATION
Fashion tone ceiling tiles manufacturer
JACINTO COLOR STEEL
Pre painted longspan roofing manufacturer
THERMAL INSULATION
Combination of aluminum foil, installed beneath the ceiling under G.I. Roofing
ELECTROLYTIC ACTION
Anodizing gives aluminum oxide coating by means of this
HIGH TENSILE STRENGTH Use of aluminum sheets is not allow in this material
PLACA ROMANA
A brand name of asbestos roofing
STEEL
Anchor bolts and column straps are made of this
FORMICA
Tradename for plastic materials
TANGUILE
First group of wood used as shoring
250mm
Minimum thickness of footing according to NBC
FLUE
A passageway of a chimney
PITCH POCKET
A defects in softwood consist of an opening in the grain that contains pitch or resin
KNOTS
Lumber defects caused by broken twigs
PRIMER SEALER
They are used for unpainted surfaces or those to be repainted after most of the
original paint has been removed
AA
Concrete mixed ideal for road pavement and waterproof structure
MOLDS AND STAINS
Lumber defects due to the effects of fungi
GALVANIZING
To coat steel or iron by immersing in a bath of zinc
COUNTERSINK
A boring bit having a conical shaped cutter to accommodate the head of the screw
ROSE
A metal plate attached to the face of a door, around the shaft for the door knob
SCRIBE
The process of marking wood, metal bricks using pointed material
DAVIES
A brand of liquid solution of pigment in suitable vehicle of oil, organic solvent or water
GLASS
A building material made of fused silica with alkaline bases, drawn up with a metal bar
from a tank
ZOCALO
A low wall around a chalet type house
LAG SCREW
Common hardware fastener for truss braces
COMPRESSION SEAL
A material which provides a seal as a result of pressure between he faces of a joint
CRASH BAR
The cross bar of a panic exit device; serves as a push bar to actuate the panic
hardware
BLEEDER MASS
SOLEPLATE
STILE
JACK RAFTER
GYPSUM BOARD
TRIMMING GUARD
TEFLON
HYDRATION
SCREEDING
FALSEWORK
TRENCH
WEATHERING STEEL
FLEMISH BOND
HEAVYWEIGHT
CONCRETE
PUTLOG SCAFFOLD
ASTM C 150
ALCLAD
CHALKING
PARQUET
POLYURETHANE FLOOR
COATING
PVC
GLAZING PUTTY
TYPE III HIGH EARLY
STRENGTH
BATCHING
2 to 5 INCHES
SHOTCRETE
SOLDIERS
VACUUM DEWATERING
ANODIZING
VEHICLES
STAGING
16mm
CAISSON
CHECKS
TENSION SET BOLTS
BANK
COMPACTION
BULB PILE
TIE BEAM
TEMPERED GLASS
DUCO
A clad aluminium sheet used for standrad corrugated, ribbed or Vbeam section
and various embossed pattrens for industrial roofing and curtain wall sheets
A common paint film defect where progressive powdering from the surfaces
inward occurs
Inlaid wood flooring usually set in simple geometric patterns
A special coating system with high gloss shine while maintaining the natural
wood qualities, maintenance free, used to finish topcoat and wood flooring
A type of plastic rigid to flexible, translucent to opaque and is used in insulation,
siding, wood imitation, flooring and piping
The paint materials used for sealing, filling, correcting surface defects on
wood surfaces
A type of cement that provides 190% of type I strength after one day curing
and also produces about 150% of the heat of hydration of normal cement
during the first seven days
The process of proportioning cement, water, aggregates and additives prior to
concrete mixing
Minimum slump recommended for mass concrete
The placing of concrete using pneumatic pressure of dry mix concrete or mortars
A standing position of brick construction having length and height as the
exposed surface
A process employed to reduce the amount of free water present in plastic
concrete after the concrete has been placed and screen
An electrolytic process in which the aluminum is emmersed in a specific acid
solution through which a direct current is passed between the aluminum
and the solution
The substance in the paint which gives continuity and provides adhesion
to the surface or subtrite
A more substantial framework progressively built up as tall building rises up
No. 5 designation of a bar
A water tight structure or chamber within which work is carried
on in building foundation or structures below water level
A wood defect that is a small crack running parallel to the grain in wood and
across the rings, usually caused by shrinkage during drying
Bolts that incorporate a torque control groove so that the stem breaks under
a specified torque
A soil condition where the soil material is in the natural state before the
disturbance
The process of increasing the density of a soil by mechanically forcing the soil
particles closer together, thereby expelling the air from the void spaces
A special form of cast in place concrete pile in which an enlarged based is
formed during driving
A beam usually distributed horizontal forces to footings
A type of glass produced by heating annealed glass almost to the melting point
and then chilling it rapidly which is 3 to 5 times stronger than ordinary glass
A type of paint that produces a very smooth and glossy surface and sometimes
SHAKES
ALLIGATORING
over the top ply and a layer of aggregate is applied while the flood coat is hot
Unitary roofing materials which are similar to shingles except that they are
split out
PAINT DEFECTS
An incomplete form of peeling where the paint cracks into the large segments,
the edges of which breakaway from the surface while the center remains
attached. Usually due to repeated application of new coats over old coats
BLEEDING
BLISTERING
CHALKING
DEADENING
MOISTURE BLUSH
ORANGE PEEL
Rough appearance resembles very closely the peel of the orange, may be
due to improper cleaning of surface
PEELING
PINHOLING
TACKINESS
WRINKLING
Due to applications of few heavy coats for more thin ones, also may
be due to cold weather
FADING
The loss of color of a paint film through exposure to sunlight and weather
0.396 KILO
10
0.616 KILO
0.888 KILO
1.580 KILOS
2.466 KILOS
3.854 KILOS
4.834 KILOS
6.314 KILOS
7.992 KIOS
9.866 KILOS
TYPE I
TYPE II
TYPE III
TYPE IV
TYPE V
PROJECTED
SECURITY
DOUBLE HUNG
SLIDING
COMBINATION
CASEMENT
AWNING
JALOUSIE
PIVOTED
HINGE
BUTT HINGE
SPRING HINGE
PIVOT HINGE
FULL SURFACE HINGE
FULL MORTISE HINGE
11
A hinge, one plate of which is mortised in the door leaf, the other being surface
mounted on the jamb leaf
A hinge which is applied to the surface of a door leaf and to a mortise jamb leaf
TYPES OF RIVETS
INDEPENDENT (ISOLATED)
SQUARE BLOCK
STEPPED
SLOPED
CONTINUOUS
A combined footing of prismatic shape, which supports two or more columns
in a row
WELL FOUNDATION
MIXING OF CONCRETE
12
DRUM MIXING
About 10% of the mixing water is placed in the drum before drying materials
are added
30 to 60 MINUTES
1 1/2 MINUTES
FIRST 7
FIRST 3
16 to 20 liters of water
28 to 32 liters of water
36 to 40 liters of water
16 to 20 liters of water
4 FEET
NO. 5 or 16mm
1 1/3 times the size of
aggreagates or 25mm
PLACING OF CONCRETE
Concrete must be placed in position properly compacted within WHAT minutes
after adding water, then cement setting will start
MIXING OF CONCRETE
It shall be continued for at least WHAT minutes, after all the materials are in
the drum
CURING OF CONCRETE
Concrete (other than high early strength) shall be maintained above 10 C and in
a moist condition for at least the WHAT days after placement
High early strength shall be maintained above 10 C and in a moist condition for at
least the WHAT days
HANDLING OF CONCRETE
General purpose concrete
Load bearing 4" CHB
Non load bearing 4" CHB
Cement mortar
Stacking of cement bags
Maintain a clearance of WHAT feet (minimum) beteween G.I. Roofing and cement
bag stack
REBAR LIMITATIONS FOR FOOTINGS
Minimum bar size of footing
Spacing of rebars is WHAT of times the size of aggregate or 25mm
NO. 5 or 16mm
4 PIECES
NO. 2 or NO. 4
305mm
L/4
102mm,152mm,254mm
Distance of column rebars should be continued uninterrupted above the floor line
If rebars are to be spliced by welding, it should be cut at these distances from
each point of cut
13
SPLICING OF REBARS
IT SHOULD BE AVOIDED Splices at point of maximum tensile stress (bottom, center bars, at midspan)
Or it should be lapped or welded
SIZES OF LAP SPLICES
276MPa
24 times bar diameter
345MPa
30 times bar diameter
414MPa
36 times bar diameter
BUT NOT LESS THAN 305mm
15 degrees
Both ENDS of BOTTOM bars should be BENT UPWARDS at this ANGLE
ELECTROLYTIC REACTION AluminumConcrete reactions
THEY SHALL NOT BE LARGER in outside diameter than 1/3 THE OVERALL
THICKNESS OF SLAB, WALL OR BEAM which they are EMBEDDED
TOOLS FOR PLACING CONCRETE
STRAIGHT EDGE
Or "STRIKE OFF" It is the first finishing tool after the concrete is placed and is
used to strike off the concrete surface to proper grade
HAND TAMPER
JITTER BUG after the concrete has been struck off, it can be used to compact
concrete in flatwork construction
DARBY
A long flat rectangular piece of wood or aluminum from 3" to 4" wide with
handle on top, used to float the surface of concrete slab immediately
BULL FLOAT
A tool or machine used to smooth uniformed surfaces of freshly placed concrete
EDGER
A finishing tool used on the edges of fresh concrete or plaster to provide a
rounded corner
JOINTER OR GROOVER
A metal tool used to cut a joint partly through fresh concrete
THREE COAT PLASTER
SCRATCH COAT
First coat
BROWN COAT
Second coat
FINISH COAT
Third coat
MORTAR
POST
COLUMN
SQUARED TIED
SPIRAL COLUMN
COMPOSITE COLUMN
COMBINED COLUMN
LALLY COLUMN
14
A joint formed by the insertion of the tounge of one member into the corresponding
groove of another
BUTTTYPE CONSTRUCTIONUsed for floor of 5" thick and greater
THERMAL EXPANSION
Used of heat to prevent contractions
PRE STRESSING OF CONCRETE
PRECOMPRESSING METHOProcess using hydraulic jacks on fixed abutments
SELF CONTAINED METHOD Done by tying jacks based together with wires located at end of a beam
BOND FRICTION
Strands are stretch between massive elements
THERMAL PRESSING
Steel is heated by means of electric power; cooling
VOLUMETRIC EXPANSION Used of expanding cement restrained by steel strands
SITE CASTS
LIFT SLAB CONSTRUCTION Is used chiefly with two way flat plate structures, almost eliminates formwork by castin
the slabs of the building in a stack on the ground, then using hydraulic jacks to lift the
slabs up the columns to their finl position
FLYING FORMWORK
Is fabricated in large sections supported on deep metal trusses; the sections are moved
from one floor to the next by crane, eliminating much of the labor
SLIP FORMING
Useful for tall wall structures such as elevator shafts; stairwells and storage soils.
A ring of formwork is oulled steadly upward by jacks supported on a vertical
reinforcing bars, while workers add concrete and reinforcing in a continuous process
TILTUP CONSTRUCTION Is a floor slab cast on the ground and reinforced concrete wall panels are poured over
it in a horizontal position, then tilted into positions and grouted together
SHOTCRETE
(Pneumatically placed concrete) is sprayed into placed from a hose by a stream of
compressed air and can be deposited without formwork ven on vertical surfaces
THIN SHELLS
SHOTCRETE
PREFABRICATED
STRUCTURE
LIFT SLAB
BEARING PILE
FRICTION PILE
BATTER PILE
SHEET PILE
GUIDE PILE
GIRDER
SILL
FLOOR JOIST
TAILPIECE
15
LEDGER STRIP
DRAFTSTOP/FIRESTOP
HEDGER
TRIMMER
4db
12db
6db
12db
6db
4db
6db
8db
10db
db; 25mm
25mm
1.5db nor 40mm
3x or 450mm
3
4.5
6
7.5
9
12
16
MINUS 1.5mm
4x
ONE FOURTH or 1/4
the other
A wood strip nailed to the lower side of a girder to provide a bearing surface
for joist
In concealed construction, a material or member which fills or seals the open
construction to prevent or retard the spread of fire
A short transverse joist that supports the end of the cutoff joist at stairwell holes
A beam joist or rafter supporting one end of a header at the edge of the opening
in the floor or roof frame
STANDARD HOOKS
180deg bend plus WHAT db extension but not less than 65mm at free end of bar
90deg bend plus WHAT db extension, at free end of bar
FOR STIRRUPS AND TIE HOOKS
16mm bar and smaller, 90deg bend plus WHAT extension at free end of bar
20mm and 25mm bar, 90deg bend plus WHAT extension at free end of bar
25mm bar and smaller, 135deg bend plus WHAT extension at free end of bar
MINIMUM BEND DIAMETERS
Inside diameter of bend for stirrups and ties shall be less than WHAT for 16mm bar
and smaller
For bar larger than 16mm are the following:
10mm to 25mm
28mm to 32mm
36mm
SPACING LIMITS FOR REINFORCEMENT
Between parallel bars in a layer shall be WHAT db but not less than WHAT distance
Parallel layers two or more reinforcement, distance is not less than WHAT distance
In spirally reinforced or tied reinforced compression members, clear distance
between longitudinal bars shall be not less than WHAT db nor WHAT SIZE
In walls and slabs other than joist, primary flexural reinforcement shall space not
more than WHAT TIMES the wall or slab thickness OF WHAT distance
MINIMUM SIZE OF FILLET AND PARTIAL PENETRATION WELDS
To 6 inclusive
Over 6 to 12
Over 12 to 20
Over 20
Over 40 to 60
Over 60 to 150
Over 150
WELDS
MAXIMUM SIZE OF FILLET WELDS
Along edges of the material 6mm thick, not greater than the thickness of the material
6mm thick or more; not greater than the thickness of the material minus WHAT
LENGTH OF FILLET WELDS
Minimum effective length of a fillet weld; not less than WHAT times the nominal size,
or not exceed WHAT of its effective length
The transverse spacing of longitudinal fillet welds used in end connections shall
16
200mm
5x;25mm
25mm
4x;40mm
2x
8mm or 2 1/4 x
4x
10x
8mm or 2 1/4 x
4x
2x
EQUAL
1/2 the thickness
17
CEMENT TEXTURED FINISH A masonry finish using pure cement mixed wit flexible synthetic latex based
additive like Plexibond to a tacky consistency then applied by an applicator roller
to give a remarkable finish
WRINKLING
A paint defect that occurs on inferior brands where the paints contains soluble
pigments thus softens and dissolves by water or by chemical after sufficient
drying
3.853 KILOS
What is the standard weight of a 25mm diameter hot rolled weldable deformed
or plain steel bar per meter length
SEAM LOCK
It does not comprise in the tie rod system of a steel deck scaffold
BLEEDING
#16 EXPANDED METAL LAT Glass block reinforcement in a spaced of 7/16" gap to accept it and the binder
MODULAR COORDINATIONSystem of measurement when utilising modular systems of construction
and technology
MAIN/CROSS TEE AND WA A wood ceiling joist substitute for drop ceiling usually made of aluminium or pre
ANGLE SUSPENSION SYSTE painted GI used to hang lightweight boards such as fiber glass boards
3/4" THK CEMENT GROUT Used to install brick plaqueta on to a scratch coat of a masonry wall in an
evenly distributed manner
1.578 KILOS
What is the standard weight of a 16mm diameter hot rolled weldable deformed
or plain steel bar per meter length
PIEDRA TILES
A ceramic tile is installed into a masonry wall over rough plaster by a uniform
PRESTRESS CONCRETE
TBEAM FLOOR SYSTEM
18
MORTISE LOCKSET
In lockset, this is the safest door lock recommended for main entry doors
SCARF
Mortise and tenon wood construction joint where tounge and grooves meet
halfway making the connection clean of joint traces
FORM CLAMP
VISION DOOR
A door type used between a dining and kitchen to allow a server to see through
BENCHMARK
FINISHING MASON
A highly trained labor used to prepare rough to finish plastering, lay concrete
hollow blocks, install tiles and pebble washout
CURDOROY or TOOL FINISHA kind of masonry finish which utilise a chamfer wood block out, usually 1"x1"
distance at 2" o.c. which serves a s form when removes gives design line
texture is added by chisel
MODULAR SYSTEM
LAMINATED
A type of glass use in constructing vision door which must be shutter proof
to be accident free
HUE SCALE
PLAIN MITER
A type of wood end joint where both wood are cut at equal angles diagonally
19
ZBAR
POLYMER
A hardener mixture mixed with marble dust to fill up the gap of marble slabs
during installation of floor or wall finishes
PLYBOARD
In air condittioning duct, what type of strap is used to insure that there is no air
gap is left
Woodwork equipment to form the different wood mouldings for balusters and
newel posts
Method recommended by manufacturers to join the steel deck and the
rebars
CONDECK
ALUMINUM PIPES & COND It precludes good construction practice for pipes and conduits embedded
AT R.C. SHALL BE SECURED in concrete
NOT BY TIE WIRES BUT MU
BE EFFECTIVELLY COVERED
CHROMA SCALE
INSTALL POLYETHELYNE
FOAM W/ ALUM. FOIL
BARRIER. ADHERE BY
20
INDUSTRIAL ADHESIVE TO
GALVANIZED AIR DUCT
REVERSE THE LOCATION
OF THE "Z" PURLINS
To secure the steel purlins properly to the steel cleat considering the axial,
torsion and shear stresses present at the joint
20 mm
Minimum concrete cover for 20mm and larger for shell and folded plate
members for cast in place
SPACE TO INSTALL
CONCEAL DOOR CLOSER
STUCCO FLOORING FINISH A concrete flooring and finish which transform ordinary plain concrete into an
elegant decorative surface
ASINTADA
TUFTED
VELVET
AXMINSTER
WILTON
FUSHION
KNITTED
SCRATCH COAT
TANGUILE
Local species of wood used for studding, cabinet and flush door framing
21
POLYURETHANE FLOOR
COATING
A special coating system with a high gloss shine while maintaining the
natural wood qualities, maintenance free to finish and topcoat wood flooring
SANDBLASTING
RUSTIC TERRAZO
PIVOTED
LEFT HAND
A door hinge at the left and the door leaf swings inside the room to the left
MASONRY NEUTRALIZER A water mixed product, mixed to a ratio of 1:20 to stabilize lime activity in new
masonry surface. Without this mixture will cause the subsequent painting to be
defective
PEELING
ANCHOR BOLT
APRON
ARCADE
ARCH
AREAWAY
ASHLAR
IMPRESSO CRETE
INSET or INTERIOR
SCARF
RUSTIC TERRAZO
Indicates imperfect adhesion of the film to the surface, with the film getting strip
off in relatively large pieces due to application on damp or greasy surface
TERMS TO REMEMBERS
A threaded rod instead of masonry construction for anchoring the sill plate
to the foundation
The finish board immediately below a window sill. Also the part of the driveway
that leads directly into the garage
A series of arches supported by a row of columns
A curved structure that will support itself by mutual pressure and the weight
above its curved opening
A recessed area below grade around foundation to allow light and ventilation
into a basement window or doorway
A facing of squared stones
A concrete flooring and finish which transform ordinary plain concrete into an
elegant and decorative trextured surface. This is by adding dustoncolor
pigments to the concrete to give a fast color and imprinted with a patented
pattern and texture while the concrete is still plastic to create the look and finish
of stone, slate or brick
An installation method where the cabinet covers is recessed and flushed with
the cabinet sidings
A type of wood end joint where both woods are cut at equal angles diagonally
TYPES OF TERRAZO
A type of terrazo floor described by its physical appearance whereby the
stone or pebble is intenionally exposed while the cement matrix is depressed
22
STANDARD TERRAZO
VENETIAN TERRAZO
PALLADIANA TERRAZO
PIVOTED
KEEP THE CEMENT PLASTERTo prevent plaster from improper adhesion, the substrate must be rough end
AS THIN AS POSSIBLE
and the cement plaster should be..
ICI DULUX
RABBET
SMOKED GLASS
GRADING
VIGAN TILES
305 mm
GIRDER BEAM
LINTEL BEAM
PRE FABRICATION
KNOTS
UNDRESSED LUMBER
XYLADECOR
CUPRINOL
SOLIGNUM
ALDRITE
MAPECON
LEFT HAND
RIGHT HAND
LEFT HAND REVERSE
RIGHT HAND REVERSE
STRETCHER
HEADER
SINGLE DOOR
hinges on left; open inward
hinges on right; open inward
hinges on left; open outward
hinges on right; open outward
VARIED BRICKS POSITIONS
23
SOLDIER
ROWLOCK
SHINER
SAILOR
RABBET AND DADO
RABBET
DADO
RABBET & DADO
STOPPED DADO
DOVETAIL DADO
DOVETAIL
THROUGH SINGLE
THROUGH MULTIPLE
STOPPED LAP
HALF LAP
LAP
BLIND MITER
MORTISE AND TENON
FULL OR THROUGH
BLIND AND STUB
SHIP OR OPEN
HALF BLIND
HAUNCH
HAUNCH BLIND
KEYED
PINNED BLIND
WEDGE
LAP JOINT
MIDDLE LAP
CROSS LAP
END LAP
MITER HALF LAP
END JOINTS
SQUARED SPLICE
HALF LAP
FINGER
LAP
SPLICE
SCARF
EDGE JOINT
BUTT
SHIPLAP
FILLET
TOUNGE AND GROOVE
BUTTERFLY
24
DOWEL
BATTEN
BACK BATTEN
SPLINE
BUTTERFLY SPLINE
ILLUSTRATION TERMS TO BE STUDIED
STEEL DECK
EXTERIOR MOULDING
INTERIOR MOULDING
JOIN STRIP
END CAP
UPPER MOLUDING
LOWER MOULDING
TILE ACCESSORIES
BEARING PLATE
SHIM
STRESSING WASHER
BOTTOM PLATE
SCAFFOLDING
PVC SLEEVE
TIE ROD
THRUST PLATE
WING NOT
MORE STUDIES
MORE BROCHURES
25
26
27
of
rey
28
ds
29
30
31
32
33
ng
34
35
36
37
ng
38
39
AT
ot
40