DN400

Calculations for Isolation Valve Chamber for DN400 @ CH 0+003
Design Parameters
1.1
for
IVC-DN400
Soil Condition
From Geotechnical report
Reference Bore Hole
Net Allowable Bearing Pressure
near BH-6
160
kN/m2
@ Depth =
Soil Parameters used in Design

For layer designation Angle of Internal Friction for Soil Pressure Calculations
=
30
0.524 radians
Active Coefficient Ka = (1-Sinf/1+Sinf)
Ka =
Passive Coefficient Kp = (1+Sinf/1-Sinf)
0.33
Kp =
3.00
K0 =
0.50
Soil Pressure at Rest Coeff.
Angle of Internal Friction for Friction Calculations

=
30
=
0.524 radians
= Tan (2/3.)
Friction Factor Concrete/Soil
0.36
= Tan
Friction Factor Soil/Soil
=
0.58
Net Allowable Bearing Pressure
1.2
160 kN/m2
Soil Bulk Density
17.0 kN/m3
Submerged Soil Density
' =
7.0 kN/m3
Density of Water
w =
10.0 kN/m3
Concrete Density
c =
24.0 kN/m3
Submerged Concrete Density
c' =
14.0 kN/m3
Unit Weights
1.3
Materials
(1)
Concrete
Specified Characteristic Strengt
Elastic Modulus
(2)
fc =
30 N/mm2
Es =
28,000 N/mm2
Reinforcement (BS 4449 Gr 460) ( See Table 1.1)

Specified Yield Strength
Elastic Modulus
Minimum cover to reinforcement:
Cover Slab
Wall and Foundation
299398688.xls
fy =
460 N/mm2
Es =
200,000 N/mm2
50 mm
75 mm
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1.4
Factors of Safety
Stability of Structure
Required Factor of Safety Against Sliding =
Required Factor of Safety Against Overturning =
Required Factor of Safety Against Flotation =
Required Factor of Safety Against Rotation =
Factor of Safety Against Allowable Bearing Capacity
1.5
1.4
1.5
1.2
1.5
1.0
Load Combination
Uu = 1.4[D.L.]+1.4[S.P]+1.6[I.L]+1.4[T.F]
Ultimate Limit State
i.e.
Partial Load Factor for Dead Load = 1.4
Partial Load Factor for Soil Pressure = 1.4
Partial Load Factor for Imposed Load = 1.6
Partial Load Factor for Pipeline Thrust = 1.6
Us = 1.0[D.L.]+1.0[S.P]+1.0[I.L]+1.0[T.F]
Serviceability Limit State
i.e.
Partial Load Factor for Dead Load = 1.0
Partial Load Factor for Soil Pressure = 1.0
Partial Load Factor for Imposed Load = 1.0
Partial Load Factor for Pipeline Thrust = 1.0
2.
Pipe Details
Maximum Pressure for design
Pressure in SI units
Int. Dia
Ext Dia
Inner Area
Externa Area
In Line Force TF
Weight of Pipe
No. of valves closed
3.
P=
16.0
1,600
0.400
0.429
0.126
0.145
201
0.89
1
bar
kN/m2
m
m
m2
m2
kN
kN/m
Chamber Dimensions and Levels

Base Length
Base Width
4.12 m
4.81 m
Chamber width -inner dimension
D=
B=
b1 =
Chamber length -inner dimension
d1 =
2.59 m
Side wall thickness
tSW =
0.30 m
2.41 m
Pipe Invert Level

Ground Level
Finished Ground Level
Water Table Level
Type of Construction
IL =
GL =
FGL =
WL =
TC
14.17
18.30
18.30
0.00
III
Top of Base Slab Level

Top of Chamber Wall Level
TBL =
TWL =
13.87 m
18.60 m
299398688.xls
m
m
m
m
DRY
2 of 32
B
1.20
2.41
1.20
0.78
Back Wall
0.3
1.01
0.80
0.3
0.30
2.41
0.5
A
1.94
2.59 m
1.217
2.59
4.12
0.55
0.35
Front Wall
Cover Slab line
0.75
Rotating Point
B
PLAN
0.3
0.3
0.3
4.43
0.5145
0.60
0.60
4.81
SECTION A-A
WTL
4.43
5.63 m
Flow
0.5145
0.30
0.60
0.60
0.50
3.1
4.1
SECTION B-B
299398688.xls
0.50
Overturning
Point
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4 of 32
4.
Stability Check
4.1
Bearing Capacity Check

Factor of Safety Required
a) Calculation of Pipe Thrust
1.0
Pressure in bar
Pressure in SI units
Int. Dia
Ext Dia
Inner Area
Externa Area
In Line Force TF
No. of valves closed
16.0
1,600
0.400
0.429
0.126
0.145
201
1
bar
kN/m2
m
m
m2
m2
kN
b) Volumes and Weights

Concrete Density
c =
24.0 kN/m3
Submerged Concrete Density
c' =
14.0 kN/m3
Concrete
Shear Key (front)
Shear Key (back)
Foundation Slab
Front Wall (minus pipe hole)
Back Wall (minus pipe hole)
Side Walls1
Side Walls2
Precast Cover Slab
Volume
m3
1.44
1.44
11.87
3.93
3.37
2.76
2.76
1.25
28.82
Weight
kN
34.60
34.60
284.92
94.38
80.90
66.14
66.14
29.93
691.62
Soil, Water & Pipe

Soil Bulk Density
17.0 kN/m3
Submerged Soil
' =
7.0 kN/m3
Density of Water
Weight of Pipe
w =
10.0 kN/m3
0.89 kN/m
Volume
Weight
kN
269.61
278.60
234.24
234.24
m
15.86
16.39
13.78
13.78
3
Soil from FGL to TBL - front (minus pipe)

Soil from FGL to TBL - back (minus pipe)
Soil from FGL to TBL - side1
Pipe including Water
8.8 length of pipe is taken

for the entire chamber base
1026
c) Bouyant Force
No bouyant force since no water level is encountered.
d) Calculate Average Bearing Pressure
Total Weight of Concrete and Soil
Bouyant force (uplift force)
Total Bearing Area
Average Bearing Pressure
299398688.xls
1717.15
0.00
19.79
86.78
kN
kN
m2
kN/m2
5 of 32
e) Soil pressure calculations for the bearing capacity check :

(Water table above TBL)
Active Soil Pressure (for Bearing Capacity and Overturning check)
=
Angle of internal friction
30
Active pressure coefficient
Ka =
0.33
=
Soil Bulk Density
17.0 kN/m3
' =
Width of chamber wall
b1 =
2.41 m
Width of foundation slab
b2 =
4.81 m
7.0 kN/m3
Total Active soil pressure

a1
a2
(at wall)
(at foundation slab)
Force
133.78 kN
164.38 kN
=
=
FGL
Active Soil Pressure

0.00 kN/m2
d1 = 4.43 m
a1
TBL
p1 =
p1
a2
ka.d1. =
25.10 kN/m2
P21
p2 = ka.(d1+d2). =
31.90 kN/m2
P22
d2 = 1.20 m
p2
Passive Soil Pressure (for Bearing Capacity and Overturning check)

=
Angle of internal friction
30
Passive pressure coefficient
Kp =
3.00
=
Soil Bulk Density
17.0 kN/m3
' =
Width of chamber wall
b1 =
2.41 m
Width of foundation slab
b2 =
4.81 m
7.0 kN/m3
Total Passive soil pressure assumed at foundation base slab level only for conservative design.
Passive pressure at TBL
= kp.d1. =
=
225.93 kN/m2
Passive pressure bottom shear key
= kp.(d1+d2). =
Total Passive force from TBL to bottom shear key
287.13 kN/m2
-1479.46 kN
Moments about Centre of Base

Force
Force
(service) (ultimate)
kN
Clockwise Positive
- Pipe Thrust
- Active soil pressure (Above TBL)
- Active soil pressure (Below TBL)
- Passive soil pressure below TBL
299398688.xls
201.06
a1 =
133.78
a2 =
164.38
p1 = -1479.46
Lever
Arm
m
1.71
2.08
0.60
0.60
Moment
(service)
kN.m
Moment
(ultimate)
kN.m
344.72
551.55
277.82
388.95
98.63
138.08
-887.68 -1242.75
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Shear Key (front)

Shear Key (back)
Foundation Slab
Front Wall
Back Wall
Side Walls1
Side Walls2
Precast Cover Slab
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
34.60
34.60
284.92
94.38
80.90
66.14
66.14
29.93
48.44
48.44
398.89
132.13
113.26
92.59
92.59
41.91
-1.81
1.81
0.00
-1.15
1.12
0.00
0.00
0.00
-62.58
62.58
0.00
-108.16
90.69
0.00
0.00
0.00
-87.61
87.61
0.00
-151.42
126.96
0.00
0.00
0.00
Soil from FGL to TBL - front

Soil from FGL to TBL - back
=
=
=
=
269.61
278.60
234.24
234.24
377.46
390.04
327.94
327.94
-1.68
1.67
0.00
0.00
-453.89
465.54
0.00
0.00
-635.45
651.75
0.00
0.00
12.37
0.00
0.00
Boyant force
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-172
-172
1,717
2,404
Total Moment
Total Vertical Load
Moment M
Vertical load N
Base Length
Base Width
Base Area
Average load on base = N/BD
Effective eccentricity e = M/N
Middle third of the base = D/6
Variation due to moment = 6M/BD2
Allowable bearing pressure
=
=
D=
B=
=
=
=
=
-172
1,717
4.12
4.81
19.79
87
-0.10
0.69
kN.m
kN
m
m
m2
kN/m2
m
m
-13 kN/m2
P1 =
99.5 kN/m2
P2 =
a=
74 kN/m2
4.12 m
160 kN/m2
Factor of safety against soil bearing pressure

=
2.16 OK
4.2
Resistance to Overturning
1.5
Force
kN
Dist from
Toe
m
Moment
kN.m
Overturning Moments Mo
Pipe Thrust
Active soil pressure
Active soil pressure
Boyant force
299398688.xls
(Above TBL)
(Below TBL)
=
a1 =
a2 =
=
201
133.78
164.38
0.00
1.71
2.08
0.60
0.00
345
278
99
0
7 of 32
Total Overturning Moments Mo
299398688.xls
721
8 of 32
Stabilising Moments:
Shear Key (front)
Shear Key (back)
Foundation Slab
Front Wall
Back Wall
Side Walls1
Side Walls2
Precast Cover Slab (ignored)
Soil from FGL to TBL - front
Soil from FGL to TBL - back
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
34.60
34.60
284.92
94.38
80.90
66.14
66.14
0.00
3.87
0.25
2.06
3.19
0.93
2.05
2.05
2.05
134
9
587
301
75
135
135
0
=
=
=
=
269.61
278.60
234.24
234.24
3.74
0.39
2.07
2.07
1,009
108
485
485
2.06
18
0
1,479
0.00
0.60
0
888

Passive soil pressure above TBL
Passive soil pressure below TBL
Total Stabilising Moments Ms
4,369
Ms/Mo
Factor of Safety Against Overturning =

=
4.3
6.06 OK
Resistance to Sliding
Horizontal Forces:
Pipe Thrust
Active soil pressure (Above TBL)
Active soil pressure (Below TBL)
Total horizontal sliding force
Vertical Forces:
Concrete weight
Soil weight
Pipe with water
Bouyant force (uplift)
Total vertical force
Frictional resistance soil
1.4
=
a1 =
a2 =
H=
201
133.78
164.38
499.23
kN
kN
kN
kN
=
691.62 kN
= 1,016.70 kN
=
8.838 kN
=
0.00 kN
V = 1,717.15 kN
to soil,
0.58
.V
Frictional resistance from vertical force =
=
991.40 kN
= 1,479.46
Passive soil pressure (Below TBL)
Total resisting force
Factor of safety against Sliding
1.5.df
299398688.xls
Fr= 2,470.86
=
=
Fr / H
4.95
OK
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4.5 Resistance to Rotation

1.5
Forces acting on the chamber
Pa2
Pa1
Pa1 = a1+a2+a3
Pa2 = a4+a5
Pp1 = 0 (neglected)
Pp2 = pass pressure
below TBL
Pa2
Pa1
Pp1
Pp2
Pp1
Pp2
Rotating Point
In addition to the forces shown

there is friction on the base
Rotation Moment
Pipe Thrust
201
2.51
503.86
Active pressure at front wall:

a1 =
a2 =
133.78
164.38
2.40
2.40
321.48
395.02
Activer pressure at side wall:

a1 =
a2 =
133.78
164.38
2.06
2.06
275.39
338.39
Rotation Moment sum
1,834 kN-m
Resisiting Moment
Total vertical loads (including bouyancy)
Frictional resistance
soil
to soil,
Frictional resistance at base
Moment arm
Frictional resistance against Rotation
Passive soil pressure below TBL (backwall) =
Passive soil pressure below TBL (sidewall)
V=
=
.V=
=
=
1,717.15
0.58
991.40 kN
3.16 m
1,479
1,479
2.40
2.06
Resistance Moment sum

Factor of Safety Against Rotation
5.
3,136.93 kN.m
3,555.14
3,045.47
9,737.54
5.31 OK
Summary of Results
Given below is the summary of the Stability Checks for the Chamber.
The required values of safety are compared with the ones obtained from the calculation.
Pmax
Pmin
Bearing
Overturning
Sliding
Rotation
299398688.xls
Required Calculated
99
74
1
2.16
1.5
6.06
1.4
4.95
1.5
5.31
10 of 32
6.
Design Ultimate Loads on foundation and shear key:

Chamber
wall edges
Toe
Heel
5.03 m
5.63 m
4.12
3.35
Ultimate Moment M
Ultimate Vertical load N
Base Length
Base Width
Base Area
Average load on base = N/BD
Effective eccentricity e = M/N
Middle third of the base = D/6
Variation due to moment = 6M/BD2
0.76
=
=
D=
B=
=
=
=
=
=
-172
2,404
4.12
4.81
19.79
121.50
-0.07
0.69
-12.69
0.00
kN.m
kN
m
m
m2
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m2
Design Ultimate Soil Bearing Pressure:

P1 =
134 kN/m2
<-- at Heel
P2 =
109 kN/m
<-- at Toe
P3 =
129.49 kN/m
<-- at Face of front wall
P4 =
113.51 kN/m
<-- at Face of backwall
Design moment at Heel

Desing moment at Toe
=
=
Design shear at Heel

Design shear at Toe
=
=
38.55 kN-m/m strip

32.09 kN-m/m strip
100.53 kN/m strip
84.76 kN/m strip
Design Ultimate Passive moment on shear key =

Design Ultimate Passive shear on shear key =
P5 =
359.14 kN/m
P6 =
74.93 kN-m/m strip

228.34 kN/m strip
401.98 kN/m
Note: Values of stresses calculated here can be compared with Staad results finite element analysis.
Maximum values as per the two results shall be used in the design of walls, base slab & shear key.
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11 of 32
7.
Punching Shear Check of Front Wall

The thrust force on wall acts like punching force from column on the flat slab. Hence the
wall thickness should be checked for the value of shear stress at flange edge.
Shear stress at flange edge should not exceed 5 N/mm2 and 0.8(f'cu)1/2.
Punching Perimeter
DN 400
Flange
Chamber Wall Thickness

Pipe External diameter
Pipe Pressure
Flange Diameter
Pipe Thrust Force
Thrust Force Distribution Ratio
Pipe Thrust force on wall
Factored Thrust Force on Wall
h=
=
=
Df =
=
=
=
=
Characteristic Strength of Concrete (fcu)

0.8 (fcu)1/2 =
fy =

Concrete Cover
Main Reinforcement provided
cc =
f=
Spacing =
Total Effective Depth
d=
Effective depth from the flange face
df = h/2-Cc-f/2
=
Shear at the edge of pipe flange
with shear area = *Df*df
Vf =
0.35
429
16.0
565
201
1.00
201
322
m
mm
bar
mm
kN
kN
kN
30 N/mm2
4.38 N/mm2
460
75
12
150
269.0
N/mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
94.0 mm
1.93 N/mm2
Safe < 5N/mm2 , 0.8 Sqrt(fc)
Shear at First Perimeter

Punching shear stress at first perimeter should be less than the shear strength of reinforced
concrete. Otherwise shear links to be provided to resist the punching shear stress.
In this calculation punching perimeter is taken at 1.5 times the effective depth calculated
from the face of flange.
Distance to first punching perimeter from the flange edge
=
141 mm
Distance to bot slab from flange edge
av =
232 mm
Punching perimeter = 4.[(flange diameter+2x1.5.df)]

u=
3388 mm
Diameter of perimeter =
1078 mm
Punching Shear Stress
299398688.xls
V=
1.01 N/mm2
12 of 32
Area of Main Steel

Concrete Shear Stress
As =
r=
754 mm2
0.280
Vc =
0.44 N/mm2
V > Vc , Shear links reqd.
Table 3.8 BS 8110
V-Vc =
Area of punching links req.
Link diameter
Number of legs required
Spacing of legs required
Maximum Spacing 0.75.df
Spacing Provided
0.57 N/mm2
Asv = (V-Vc).d.u/(0.95.fy)
Asv =
416 mm2/m
=
12 mm
=
3.68 Nos.
=
1,842 mm
=
141 mm
=
300 mm
Provide T12 links at 300 spacing in a matrix within the chamber wall, from end to end in both directions.
Shear on Second Perimeter
For the second punching perimeter consider the total effective depth of the section.
0.75d=
202 mm
Punching perimeter = 4.[(flange diameter+2x1.5.df+2x(0.75) d)]
u=
5002 mm
Diameter of perimeter =
1592 mm
Punching Shear Stress
Area of Main Steel
V=
0.24 N/mm2
As =
754 mm2
r=
0.802
Concrete Shear Stress
Vc =
0.62 N/mm2
V < Vc , Shear links not reqd.
Table 3.8 BS 8110
Bearing Stress at Flange Face
Pipe External Diameter

Flange Diameter
=
=
0.429 m
0.565 m
Surface Area of Flange
0.106 m2
Thrust Acting on One Wall
322 kN
Bearing Stress
Allowable Bearing Stress
3.03 N/mm2
0.4.fcu
12 N/mm2
299398688.xls
O.K.
13 of 32
299398688.xls
14 of 32
8.
Reinforcement Calculation for Chamber Walls & Base Slab

The Analysis of the Chamber is perfromed using STAAD software. Staad results for the walls shall
be used in the design. Results for base slab foundation and shear key stresses shall be compared with
the results from Section-6 (page 10) of this appendix and maximum values shall be used.
8.1
Loads and Load Combinations

The load combination of Pipe thrust force with lateral soil pressure on all sides of the chamber walls
and shear keys has been used in the Staad model. A surcharge of 10kN/sq.m has been assumed as
additional load for the chamber design of the walls. Passive pressure and water pressure are also
added in the design of the chamber walls.
Load 1 - Concrete Selfweight plus Pipe weight
Concrete selfweight calculated automatic by Staad
Cover slab weight = nodal concentrated load at top of wall =
Pipe selfweight at Front & back wall
0.58 kN over 52 points

at top of wall
0.89 x Pipe length over base slab projection / 2
1.83 kN or at 3 points per wall
0.61 kN over 3 points per wall at pipe opening.
=
=
=
Load 2 - Thrust Force from Pipe & Weight of Water

Wall is modelled as a combination of square and rectangular plate elements.
The Front wall of the Chamber takes 100% of the Thrust. This Thrust is distributed equally over
6 points in the STAAD model.
Thrust from pipeline

Thrust distributed over six points
Weight of water at Pipe
201 kN
34 kN
=
=
=
1.26 x Pipe length over base slab projection / 2

2.59 kN or at 3 points per wall
0.86 kN over 3 points per wall at pipe opening.
Load 3 - Active and Passive Soil Pressure

FGL
p0
d1 =
4.43
TBL
p1
d2
=
P
Surcharge Load
1.20
p2
q=
Q=
10.00 kN/m2
Soil pressure at backwall due to 'q' = Kp * q =
30.00 kN/m2
Soil pressure at Sidewalls due to 'q' = Ko * q =
5.00 kN/m2
Soil pressure at Front wall due to 'q' = Ka * q =
299398688.xls
3.33 kN/m
(Assumed)
15 of 32
Active Press at Front Wall for Staad Input ->
Soil
Water (Pw)
Sur (Q)
Total (kN/m2)
P0
3.33
3.33
P1
25.10
3.33
28.44
P2
31.90
3.33
35.24
Passive Press at backwall for Staad Input ->
Soil
Water (Pw)
Sur (Q)
Total
P0
30.00
30.00
P1
225.93
30.00
255.93
P2
287.13
30.00
317.13
Load 4- Side Walls pressure

At Rest Press for Sidewalls Staad Input ->
Soil
Water (Pw)
Sur (Q)
Total (kN/m2)
P0
5.00
5.00
P1
37.66
5.00
42.66
Load 5 - Soil Weight at TBL

Wsoil =
* (d1+d2) =
75.31 kN/m2
<-- at Top of foundation slab (TBL)
Load combination 6 - Service load combinations

Load combination 7 - Ultimate load combinations
Note:
Load 3 & 4 are modelled into STAAD in increments corresponding to chamber height, on side walls
back wall and front thrust wall.
8.2
Analysis Results
Factored Results for Design ( STAAD Result as per Loadcomb-7) - per meter width
Front Wall
Back Wall
Side wall
Base slab
Shear key
299398688.xls
MX
kNm/m
43.4
36.6
10.9
325.0
190.0
MY
kNm/m
44.3
33.4
27.9
72.4
47.5
SQX
kN/m2
715.0
576.0
154.0
482.0
962.0
SQY
kN/m2
340.0
523.0
272.0
485.0
177.0
SQX
kN/m
250.3
172.8
46.2
289.2
481.0
SQY
kN/m
119.0
156.9
81.6
291.0
88.5
16 of 32
8.3
Reinforcement Design for Front Thrust Wall

Design for Moment at Thrust Wall
Design Moment
44 kN.m/m
(At location adjacent opening)
Concrete Strength
fcu
30 N/mm2
Steel Strength
fy
460 N/mm2
Width of Section
1000 mm
Depth of Section
350 mm
Bar Diameter
12 mm
Clear Cover
Cc.
75 mm
Effective Depth
d=h-Cc.-(f/2)
Ultimate Moment Resistance
Mu=0.156 fcu bd2
K
K=M/fcubd2
Lever-arm factor
La=Z/d
Lever-arm
Z= MIN(0.95d , La.)
Area of Steel Required
As=M/(0.95 fy Z)
Minimum Area of Steel
Asmin= 0.0013.bh
No. of Bars Required
269 mm
Mu
339 kN.m
0.020
La
0.977
256 mm
As
397 mm2
As< Asmin Asmin
No. of Bars Provided
455 mm2
4.03
12
6.67
12
As
754 mm2/m
Design Shear Force
250 kN/m
Concrete Strength
fcu
Steel Strength
fy
Width of Section
1000 mm
Depth of Section
350 mm
Bar Diameter
12 mm
Clear Cover
Cc.
75 mm
Area of Steel Provided
Design for Shear at Thrust Wall
Details of Links
Effective Depth
No./m and
30 N/mm2
460 N/mm2
mm
f of Link
269 mm
As
754 mm2
d=h-Cc.-fL-(f/2)
Area of Main Steel
299398688.xls
0.280
17 of 32
Area of links
0.25 N/mm2
Vc
0.44 N/mm2
Asv
- mm2
Asv/Sv
Spacing Required
Sv
Spacing Provided
Sv
Not reqd. mm
mm
Crack Width Verification at Thrust Wall

Service Moment/m
Characteristic Strength of Concrete
Yield strength of Steel
Modular ratio
Distance from the compression face to the point
at which the crack width is being calculated =a'
Cover
Main Bar diameter
Spacing
Distribution bar diameter
Spacing
Ref. BS 8007 Appendix B

Ms
28 kNm/m
fcu
fs
a
b
Es
depth to neutral x/d =
Reinforcement stress
30 N/mm2
460 N/mm2
15
350
75
12
150
12
150
1,000
d
h-x
200 kN/mm2
257 mm
284 mm
d-x
191 mm
As
r =As/bd
m= ar
(-m)+SQRT(m(2+m))
x
z =d-x/3
fs =Ms/(Asx z)
754 mm2
0.0029
0.0440
0.2559
66 mm
235 mm
156 N/mm2
es = fs/Es
0.00078
e1 = es(h-x)/(d-x)
0.00116
Strain due to stiffening effect of concrete between cracks

e2 = b (h-x) (a'-x)/ 3EsAs(d-x))
0.0009
em=e1-e2
0.0002
Strain at surface of concrete
Average strain
Distance from the point considered to the
surface of the nearest longitudinal bar acr
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
104 mm
Calculated surface crack width

(3acr em)/[1+2(acr-cmin)/(h-x)]
0.059 mm
Maximum crack width allowed
0.200 mm
299398688.xls
OK
18 of 32
8.4
Reinforcement Design for Back Wall

Design for Moment at Back Wall
Design Moment
36.6 kN.m/m
Concrete Strength
fcu
30 N/mm2
Steel Strength
fy
460 N/mm2
Width of Section
1000 mm
Depth of Section
300 mm
Bar Diameter
12 mm
Clear Cover
Cc.
75 mm
Effective Depth
d=h-Cc.-(f/2)
Mu=0.156 fcu bd2
K
K=M/fcubd2
Lever-arm factor
La=Z/d
Lever-arm
Z= MIN(0.95d , La.)
As=M/(0.95 fy Z)
Asmin= 0.0013.bh
219 mm
Mu
224 kN.m
0.025
La
0.971
208 mm
As
403 mm2
As>Asmin Asmin
As
390 mm2
3.56
12
6.67
12
754 mm2/m
Design for Shear at Back Wall

V
Design Shear Force
173 kN/m
(at d distance from face wall)
Concrete Strength
fcu
Steel Strength
fy
Width of Section
1000 mm
Depth of Section
300 mm
Bar Diameter
12 mm
Clear Cover
Cc.
75 mm
Details of Links
Effective Depth
No and
30 N/mm2
460 N/mm2
mm
f of Link
219 mm
As
754 mm2
d=h-Cc.-fL-(f/2)
Area of Main Steel
299398688.xls
0.344
19 of 32
Area of links
0.17 N/mm2
Vc
0.47 N/mm2
Asv
- mm2
Asv/Sv
Spacing Required
Sv
Spacing Provided
Sv
Not reqd. mm
mm
(Around bottom corners of backwall only)
Crack Width Verification at Back Wall

Service Moment/m
Modular ratio

Ms
23 kNm/m
fcu
fs
a

30 N/mm2
460 N/mm2
15
300 mm
Cover
Main Bar diameter
Spacing
Spacing
b
Es
d
h-x
75
12
150
12
150
1,000
200 kN/mm2
207 mm
242 mm
d-x
As
r =As/bd
m= ar
(-m)+SQRT(m(2+m))
x
z =d-x/3
fs =Ms/(Asx z)
149
754
0.0036
0.0546
0.2804
58
188
es = fs/Es
0.00081
e1 = es(h-x)/(d-x)
0.00131

e2 = b (h-x) (a'-x)/ 3EsAs(d-x))
0.0009
em=e1-e2
0.0004
Average strain
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm2
mm
mm
162 N/mm2
104 mm

0.112 mm
0.200 mm
299398688.xls
OK
20 of 32
299398688.xls
21 of 32
8.5
Reinforcement Design for Side Wall

Design for Moment at Side Wall
Design Moment
28 kN.m/m
Concrete Strength
fcu
30 N/mm2
Steel Strength
fy
460 N/mm2
Width of Section
1000 mm
Depth of Section
300 mm
Bar Diameter
12 mm
Clear Cover
Cc.
75 mm
Effective Depth
d=h-Cc.-(f/2)
Mu=0.156 fcu bd2
K
K=M/fcubd2
Lever-arm factor
La=Z/d
Lever-arm
Z= MIN(0.95d , La.)
As=M/(0.95 fy Z)
Asmin= 0.0013.bh
219 mm
Mu
224 kN.m
0.019
La
0.978
208 mm
As
307 mm2
As< Asmin Asmin
390 mm2
3.45
12
6.67
12
As
754 mm2/m
Design Shear Force
82 kN/m
Concrete Strength
fcu
30 N/mm2
Steel Strength
fy
Width of Section
1000 mm
Depth of Section
300 mm
Bar Diameter
12 mm
Clear Cover
Cc.
75 mm
Design for Shear at Side Wall
Details of Links
Effective Depth
No and
460 N/mm2
mm
f of Link
219 mm
As
754 mm2
d=h-Cc.-fL-(f/2)
Area of Main Steel
299398688.xls
0.344
22 of 32
Area of links
0.08 N/mm2
Vc
0.47 N/mm2
Asv
- mm2
Asv/Sv
Spacing Required
Sv
Not reqd. mm
Spacing Provided
Sv
mm
Crack Width Verification at Side Wall

Service Moment/m
Modular ratio
Cover
Main Bar diameter
Spacing
Spacing
Ms
fcu
fs
a
b
Es
d
h-x

17 kNm/m
30 N/mm2
460 N/mm2
15
300
75
12
150
12
150
1,000
200 kN/mm2
207 mm
242 mm
d-x
As
r =As/bd
m= ar
(-m)+SQRT(m(2+m))
x
z =d-x/3
fs =Ms/(Asx z)
149
754
0.0036
0.0546
0.2804
58
188
es = fs/Es
0.00062
0.00100

e2 = b (h-x) (a'-x)/ 3EsAs(d-x))
0.0009
em=e1-e2
0.0001
Average strain
mm
mm2
mm
mm
123 N/mm2
e1 = es(h-x)/(d-x)
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
104 mm

0.033 mm
0.200 mm
299398688.xls
OK
23 of 32
299398688.xls
24 of 32
8.6
Reinforcement Design for Base Slab

Design for Moment at Base Slab Toe
Design Moment
325 kN.m/m
Concrete Strength
fcu
30 N/mm2
Steel Strength
fy
460 N/mm2
Width of Section
1000 mm
Depth of Section
600 mm
Bar Diameter
25 mm
Clear Cover
Cc.
75 mm
Effective Depth
d=h-Cc.-(f/2)
Mu=0.156 fcu bd2
K
K=M/fcubd2
Lever-arm factor
La=Z/d
Lever-arm
Z= MIN(0.95d , La.)
As=M/(0.95 fy Z)
Asmin= 0.0013.bh
513 mm
Mu
1229 kN.m
0.041
La
0.952
487 mm
As
1528 mm2
As>Asmin Asmin
780 mm2
3.11
25
6.67
25
As
3274 mm2/m
Design Shear Force
291 kN/m
Concrete Strength
fcu
Steel Strength
fy
Width of Section
1000 mm
Depth of Section
600 mm
Bar Diameter
25 mm
Clear Cover
Cc.
75 mm
Design for Shear at Base Slab
Details of Links
Effective Depth
No and
30 N/mm2
460 N/mm2
mm
f of Link
513 mm
d=h-Cc.-fL-(f/2)
Area of Main Steel
299398688.xls
As
3274 mm2
0.639
25 of 32
299398688.xls
26 of 32
Area of links
0.29 N/mm2
Vc
0.58 N/mm2
Asv
- mm2
Asv/Sv
Spacing Required
Sv
Not reqd. mm
Spacing Provided
Sv
mm
Crack Width Verification at Base Slab

Service Moment/m
Modular ratio
Cover
Main Bar diameter
Spacing
Spacing

Ms
203 kNm/m
fcu
fs
a
b
Es
30 N/mm2
460 N/mm2
15
600
75
25
150
25
150
1,000
d
h-x
200 kN/mm2
488 mm
425 mm
d-x
312 mm
As
r =As/bd
m= ar
(-m)+SQRT(m(2+m))
x
z =d-x/3
fs =Ms/(Asx z)
3,272 mm2
0.0067
0.1007
0.3592
175 mm
429 mm
145 N/mm2
es = fs/Es
0.00072
e1 = es(h-x)/(d-x)
0.00098

e2 = b (h-x) (a'-x)/ 3EsAs(d-x))
0.0003
em=e1-e2
0.0007
Average strain
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
103 mm

0.188 mm
0.200 mm
299398688.xls
OK
27 of 32
8.7
Reinforcement Design for Shear Key

Design for Moment at Shear Key
Design Moment
190.00 kN.m/m
Concrete Strength
fcu
30 N/mm2
Steel Strength
fy
460 N/mm2
Width of Section
1000 mm
Depth of Section
500 mm
Bar Diameter
20 mm
Clear Cover
Cc.
75 mm
Effective Depth
d=h-Cc.-(f/2)
Mu=0.156 fcu bd2
K
K=M/fcubd2
Lever-arm factor
La=Z/d
Lever-arm
Z= MIN(0.95d , La.)
As=M/(0.95 fy Z)
Asmin= 0.0013.bh
415 mm
Mu
806 kN.m
0.037
La
0.957
394 mm
As
1103 mm2
As>Asmin Asmin
650 mm2
3.51
20
6.67
20
As
2095 mm2/m
Design Shear Force
481.0 kN/m
Concrete Strength
fcu
Steel Strength
fy
Width of Section
1000 mm
Depth of Section
500 mm
Bar Diameter
20 mm
Clear Cover
Cc.
75 mm
Design for Shear at Shear Key
Details of Links
Effective Depth
No and
30 N/mm2
460 N/mm2
mm
f of Link
415 mm
d=h-Cc.-fL-(f/2)
Area of Main Steel
299398688.xls
As
2095 mm2
0.505
28 of 32
Area of links
0.48 N/mm2
Vc
0.53 N/mm2
Asv
- mm2
Asv/Sv
Spacing Required
Sv
Spacing Provided
Sv
299398688.xls
Not reqd. mm
-
mm
29 of 32
9.
Design of Precast Cover Slab

Design Parameters
Concrete Cover
Main Reinforcement provided
Thickness of slab
30 N/mm2
fy =
Cc =
f=
h=
460
50
10
200
l=
=
=
=
Mu =
Vu =
2592
4.8
5
14.72
12.36
19.08
N/mm2
mm
mm
mm
Normal Condition
Span of Slab
Self Weight
Live Load
Factored Design Load
Maximum Bending Moment
Factored Shear
mm
kN/m
kN/m2
kN/m
kNm
kN
2.41
2.59
During Transportation
Span of Slab
Self Weight
Live Load
Factored Design Load
Maximum Bending Moment
l=
=
2592 mm
4.8 kN/m
=
=
Mu =
5 kN/m
14.72 kN/m
12.36 kNm
Weight of the precast unit

1.34 kN
From transporting sling, weight considered is
N (half of the weight)
0.67 kN
Maximum eccentricty
20 mm
Additional moment
0.01 kN.m
Adding this moment to the maximum bending moment due to transportation
Total Moment during Transportation
0.80
(BS 8110 (1)-3.8.2.4)
12.38 kN.m
Span/Depth Ratio Check

Basic Span/ eff. depth ratio
fs =2/3 fy.As req/As prov.
Service Stress
Modification Factor
Allow Span/ eff depth ratio
Actual Span /eff. depth ratio
20
161
2.00
40.00
17.88 O.K.
Reinforcement Calculations
Design Moment
Concrete Strength
fcu
Steel Strength
fy
Width of Section
1000 mm
Depth of Section
200 mm
Bar Diameter
10 mm
Clear Cover
Cc.
50 mm
299398688.xls
12.38 kN.m/m
30 N/mm2
460 N/mm2
30 of 32
Effective Depth
d=h-Cc.-(f/2)
Mu=0.156 fcu bd2
K
K=M/fcubd2
Lever-arm factor
La=Z/d
Lever-arm
Z= MIN(0.95d , La.)
As=M/(0.95 fy Z)
Asmin= 0.0013.bh
145 mm
Mu
As< Asmin
98 kN.m
0.020
La
0.98
138 mm
As
206 mm2
Asmin
260 mm2
3.31
10
10

As
Design Shear Force
Concrete Strength
fcu
Steel Strength
fy
Width of Section
1000 mm
Depth of Section
200 mm
Bar Diameter
10 mm
Clear Cover
Cc.
50 mm
Diameter of Link
Effective Depth
393 mm2/m
19.08 kN/m
30 N/mm2
460 N/mm2
mm
No & f of Link
145 mm
As
393 mm2
d=h-Cc.-fL-(f/2)
Area of Main Steel
Area of links
0.271
0.13 N/mm2
Vc
0.56 N/mm2
Asv
- mm2
Asv/Sv
Spacing Required
Sv
Not reqd. mm
Spacing Provided
Sv
mm
299398688.xls
31 of 32
LVC
Chain
NO.11
4+390
2.10
2.40
0.70
0.45
0.35
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
0.60
1.00
3.61
#REF!
#REF! no shear key
NO.12
6+035
2.10
2.40
0.70
0.45
0.35
0.78
1.20
4.80
5.70
0.60
1.00
3.15
0.60
0.50 no shear key
NO.13
7+265
2.10
2.40
0.70
0.45
0.35
1.50
1.50
6.25
6.30
0.60
1.00
4.30
NO.14
7+425
NO.15
9+875
NO.16
13+675
2.10
2.40
0.70
0.45
0.35
1.60
1.60
6.45
6.50
0.60
1.00
3.55
no shear key
#REF!
#REF! no shear key

DN400

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DN400

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Calculations for Isolation Valve Chamber for DN400 @ CH 0+003

Net Allowable Bearing Pressure

Soil Parameters used in Design

Soil Pressure at Rest Coeff.

Angle of Internal Friction for Friction Calculations

Soil Bulk Density

Submerged Soil Density

Submerged Concrete Density

Reinforcement (BS 4449 Gr 460) ( See Table 1.1)

Chamber Dimensions and Levels

Chamber width -inner dimension

Chamber length -inner dimension

Side wall thickness

Pipe Invert Level

Top of Base Slab Level

Bearing Capacity Check

b) Volumes and Weights

Submerged Concrete Density

Soil, Water & Pipe

Soil from FGL to TBL - front (minus pipe)

8.8 length of pipe is taken

e) Soil pressure calculations for the bearing capacity check :

Width of chamber wall

Width of foundation slab

Total Active soil pressure

Active Soil Pressure

Passive Soil Pressure (for Bearing Capacity and Overturning check)

Width of chamber wall

Width of foundation slab

Total Passive force from TBL to bottom shear key

Moments about Centre of Base

Shear Key (front)

Soil from FGL to TBL - front

Pipe including Water

Allowable bearing pressure

Factor of safety against soil bearing pressure

Total Overturning Moments Mo

Pipe including Water

Total Stabilising Moments Ms

Factor of Safety Against Overturning =

4.5 Resistance to Rotation

Forces acting on the chamber

In addition to the forces shown

Active pressure at front wall:

Activer pressure at side wall:

Rotation Moment sum

Resistance Moment sum

Design Ultimate Loads on foundation and shear key:

Design Ultimate Soil Bearing Pressure:

<-- at Face of front wall

<-- at Face of backwall

Design moment at Heel

Design shear at Heel

38.55 kN-m/m strip

Design Ultimate Passive moment on shear key =

74.93 kN-m/m strip

Punching Shear Check of Front Wall

Chamber Wall Thickness

Characteristic Strength of Concrete (fcu)

Specified Yield Strength

Safe < 5N/mm2 , 0.8 Sqrt(fc)

Shear at First Perimeter

Punching perimeter = 4.[(flange diameter+2x1.5.df)]

Area of Main Steel