Additional Mathematics Chapter 1 Functions

1.

H = { 3, 5, 6 }
K = { 5, 7, 8, 9, 12 }
Based on the above information, the relation between H and K is defined by the set of ordered pairs
{ (3,5), (3,7) , (5,8), (5,9) }.
State
(a) the image of 3,
(b) the object of 5.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
2.

Diagram shows the relation between set P and set Q.

State
(a) the range of the relation,
(b) the type of the relation

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________

3.

Diagram shows the relation between set X and set Y.

State
(a) the type of the relation,
(b) the object for f.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
4.

Given that f:x 4 x 3 and g:x x 2 5 x 1 , find

(a) f -1( 7 ),
(b) in similar form the function fg .

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
5.

1
Given the functions f:x 6 x k and f : x 3 px

7
, where k and p are constants,
18

find the value of k and of p.

Answer : k = ______________________
p = ______________________

6.

Given the function f(x)

8
, x 0 and the composite function fg(x) 4 x, find
x

(a) g(x),
(b) the value of x when gf(x) = 7

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
7.

Given f(x) 2 x 5 and g(x) 3 x , find gf 1 .

Answer : _________________________
8.

Given the function f:x

20
3
, x , and f(k) k, find the value of k.
2x 3
2

Answer : _________________________
9.

Given the function f:x

4x
2
, x , evaluate f -1( 3 ).
5x 2
5

Answer : _________________________

10.

Given that f(x) 2 x 5, find f -1 f -1 ( x) to its simplest form.

Answer : _________________________
11.

2x - 3
5x 3
, k 0 , and f -1:x
, m 0 , where k and m are
2k
m
constants. Find the values of k and of m.

Given that f : x

Answer : k = ______________________
m = ______________________
12.

Given that f(x) 3 x - k, g(x)

x-4
mx 7
, and fg(x)
where k and m are constants.
5
5

Find the values of k and of m.

Answer : k = ______________________
m = ______________________
13.

A function f is defined by f : x px q. The images of 1 and 5 are 2 and 10

respectively. Calculate the value of p and of q.

Answer : p = ______________________
q = ______________________

14.

A function f is defined by f : x 5 x 1. Find

(a) the possible value of x whose image is 11,
(b) the range corresponding to a domain of 1 x 3.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
15.

A function f is defined by f : x x 2 2 x. Find

(a) the possible values of x whose image is 3,
(b) the range corresponding to a domain of 1 x 2.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
16.

A function f is defined by f : x x 2 5 x 5. Find

(a) the image of 3 under f,
(b) the possible values of x which are unchanged by mapping.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________

17.

A function f is defined by f : x 3 x

5
, x 0. Calculate
x

(a) the image of 5 under f,

(b) the possible values of x whose image is 8.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
18.

Given that f : x 2

p
1
,x 0 and that f -1 ( ) 2 ,find
x
2

(a) the value of p,

(b) the elements which are unchanged under f.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
19.

Given the functions f:x 2 x and g : x

3
,x 0 , find in similar form,
x

(a) f 1,
(b) fg.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________

20.

5
Given the functions f : x 4 x 3 and g : x 2 , x 0, find in similar form,
x
-1
(a) f ,
(b) fg.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
21.

A function f is defined by f : x

x
,x 1. Express in similar form, the function f 2 .
1 x

Answer : _________________________
22.

Functions f and g are defined by f : x 4 x 3 and g: x hx k , where h 0.

Find the values of h and k which g 2 x f x for all values of x.

Answer : _________________________
23.

Given the function f : x

2 x -1
, x 3. Find f 2 in similar form.
x 3

Answer : _________________________

24.

Functions f and g are defined by f : x 2 x 1 and g : x x 2-1 .

(a) Express in similar form the function gf,
(b) Find the values of x which gf = g.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
25.

2x
, x 1,
x-1
(a) Express in similar form the function f 2 ,

A function f : x

(b) State the value of x for which the function f 2 is not defined.

Answer : _________________________
26.

Functions f and g are defined by f : x 2 x 1 and g : x

(a) Find the value of f 1 -5 ,
(b) Express in similar form the function gf.

x
, x 1.
x 1

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________

27.

kx 4
4
1
p
2
, x , where
, x and f : x
2x p
2x 1
2
2
k and p are constants. Find the values of k and of p.
A function is defined by f : x

Answer : k = ______________________
p = ______________________
28.

The function f is defined by f : x x 1 and function fg is defined by

fg : x x 2 2 x 5. Express the function of g.

Answer : _________________________
29.

The function f is defined by f : x 2 x 1 and function fg is defined by

4
fg : x
, x 1. Express the function of g.
x3

Answer : _________________________
30.

is defined by f : x x 1 and function gf is defined by

gf :x x 2 2 x 5. Express the function of g.

The function f

Answer : _________________________

31.

The function f is defined by f :x x 2

gf :x x 2 4 x 5. Express the function of g.

and function gf is defined by

Answer : _________________________
32.

A function f is defined by f : x
f 2 2

2
k, x 0 , where k is a constant. Given that
x

2
f 1 , calculate the possible values of k.
3

Answer : _________________________
33.

A function f is defined by f : x

x
, x 2. Find the value of
x-2

(a) f(6),
(b) f -1 2 .

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________

34.

A function f is defined by f:x

x 1
, x 2.
x-2

(a) Find in similar form f 1,

(b) State the value of x which f 1 is not defined.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
35.

A function f is defined by f:x

1
(a) the value of f 1 ,

4x 9
, x 2. Find
x2

(b) the value of x which 4 f -1 x x.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
36.

A function f is defined by f:x

(a) Find the value of f 1 3 ,

2x 2
, x 1.
x 1

(b) Given that f 1 m mp, express p in terms of m.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________

37.

2
A function f is defined by f:x 6 x , x 0. Find
x
1
(a) the value of f 4 ,

(b) the value of k if f 1 k 2

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
38.

A function f is defined by f:x 2 x 1 .

(a) Sketch the graph of f for the domain 1 x 1.
(b) Find the range of f.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
39.

A function f is defined by f:x x h k. Given that f 3 3 and f 1 3, find the

value of h and of k.

Answer : h = ______________________
k = ______________________

40.

The function f:x x 3 hx k is such that the equation f x x has solutions of x = 2

and x = 3. Find the value of h and of k.

Answer : h = ______________________
k = ______________________
41.

A function f is defined by f:x

x 10
, x 8.
x 8

(a) Find the value of f 1 5 ,

(b) A positive number k such that f k k.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
42.

The function f is defined by f:x 3 x 4 and function g is defined by g:x x 2 6.

Find the value of
(a) fg 3 ,
(b) gf 1 1 .

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________

43.

A function f is defined by f:x

k.

3 x
1
, x 2 . Given that f 1 k , find the value of
2 x
2

Answer : _________________________
44.

A function f is defined by f:x

(a) f f 1 2 ,

3x 2
, x 1. Find the value of
x 1

(b) f 1 4 .

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
45.

Given that f:x px q, p 0 and f 2:x 16 x 10. Find

(a) the value of p and of q,
(b) the value of f 1 18 .

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________

46.

Given that f:x

(a) k,
(b) f 1 4 .

xk
, x 2 and that f(7) = 2. Find the value of
x2

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
47.

The function f is defined f:x 8 3 x. Find an expression, in terms of x for

(a) f 1 x ,
(b) f 2 x .

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
48.

Functions f and g are defined by f:x

1
, x 0 and g:x x 3. Find an expression,
3x

in terms of x for
(a) f 2 x ,
(b) fg(x).

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________

49.

Given that f:x x 1 2 for domain 0 x 5, find the range of f.

Answer : _________________________
50.

Functions f and g are defined by f : x 2 x h, g : x kx 3 and fg:x 10 x 5

where h and k are constants. Find the value of h and of k.

Answer : h = ______________________
k = ______________________
51.

Given A= 1, 2, 3, 4 and set B is the set of all integers, draw the arrow diagram showing
the function f:x 2x -3 where x A.

Answer : _________________________
52.

If f:x x 2 from set A to set B and g:x x 1 from set B to set C, illustrate with an
arrow diagram, the composite function gf from set A = 1, 2, 3, 4 .

Answer : _________________________

53.

Functions f and g are defined by f:x 2 x 3 and g:x

1
of gf 5 .

x 13
, x 8. Find the value
x 8

Answer : _________________________
54.

A function f is defined by f:x

(a) the value of k,
(b) the image of 1.

48
9
,x
, and f (1) 24. Find
kx 9
k

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
55.

A function f is defined by f:x

(a) f 2 x ,
(b) f 4 x .

1 x
, x 1. Express in their simplest forms
1 x

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________

56.

A function f is defined by f:x

(a) the value of f 2 1 ,

x
x
1
, x 1, and f 2:x
, x . Find
x 1
2x 1
2

(b) a similar expression for f 3.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
57.

Given the f:x 3 x 1 and g:x x 7. Find

(a) the image of 4 under f,
(b) the value of f 1 g 3 .

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
58.

Given the functions f:x

x
3x
3 and g:x
2 , find
2
4

(a) the value of gf (2),

(b) the value of x for which fg ( x) 1.

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________

59.

If f:x 3 x p and g:x 2q 3 x such that fg = gf, find the relationship between p
and q.

Answer : _________________________
60.

2x 5
, x 3, find
x 3
(a) the value of x for which f 1 x 0 ,
(b) the function, f.
1
A function f 1 is defined by f :x

Answer : (a)_______________________
(b)_______________________
Answer :
1)

(a) 5 and 7
(b) 3.
2)

(a) {w,y}
(b) many to one relation.
3)

(a) many to many realation

(b) a.
4)

(a) Let f 1( 7 ) k
so f(k) 7
4k3 7
k=1
(b) fg(x) = f x 2 5 x 1

= 4 x 2 5x 1 3
= 4x 2 20x 7
5)

Let
So

6)

f 1 x y
f(y) x
6 yk x
xk
y
6
xk
f 1 x
6
1x k
7
3 px
6 6
18
1
k 7
3p
,

6
6 18
1
7
p
k
18
3

(a)

fg (x) 4 x
f g(x) 4 x
8
4x
g(x)
2
g(x)
x

(b)

gf(x) 7
8
g 7
x
2
7
8
x
56
2
x
x 28

7)

Let f -1(x) y
So f(y) x
2y + 5 = x
x5
y
2
x5
f -1(x)
2
x 5
gf -1(x) g
2
x5
3
2
11 x

8)

f(k) k
20
k
2k 3

2k 2 3k 20 0
2k 5 k 4 0
2 k 5 0 or k 4 = 0
5
k
or k = 4
2
9)

Let f -1( 3 ) k
So f(k) 3
4k
3
5k 2
4k 15k 6
16
k
11
10)

Let f -1(x) y
f(y) x
2y 5 x
x5
y
2
x5
f 1(x)
2
x 5
f 1 f 1(x) f 1
2
x5
5
2

2
x 5 10

4
x 15

4
11)

Let f -1(x) y
f(y) x
2 y 3
x
2k
2y 3 = 2kx
2 kx 3
y
2
2 kx 3
f -1(x)
2
2 kx 3 5 x 3

2
m
2 k = 5 or m = 2
5
k
2
12)

x 4
fg(x) f
5
x-4
3
k
5
3 x 12 5k

5
3 x 12 5k mx 7

5
5
m3
or
-12-5k -7

k -1
13)

f(x) px q
f(1) p q 2 1
f(5) 5p q 10 (2)
(1) (2)
- 4p -12
p3
3 q -2
q -5

14)

(a)
f(x) 11
5 x 1 11
x 2
(b)

f( 1 ) 5( 1 ) 1 4
f( 3 ) 5( 3 ) 1 14
4 f(x) 14
15)

(a)
f(x) 3
x2 2 x 3
x2 2 x 3 0

x 3 (x 1 ) 0
x3 0
x3

x 1 0
x 1

or

(b)
f( 1 ) ( 1 )2 2( 1 ) 3
f( 0 ) 0
f( 1 ) ( 1 )2 2( 1 ) 1
f( 2 ) ( 2 )2 2( 2 ) 0
1 f(x) 3
16)

(a)
f( 3 ) ( 3 )2 5( 3 ) 5
19
(b)
f(x) x
x 2 5x 5 x
x2 4x 5 0
(x 5 )(x 1 ) 0
x 5

or

17)

(a)
f( 5 ) 3( 5 )
16
(b)

5
5

f(x) 8
5
3x 8
x
3x 2 8x 5 0
3x 5 x 1 0
5
x
or 1
3
18)

(a)
1
) 2
2
1
f( 2 )
2
p 1
2

2 2
4 p 1
f 1(

p3
(b)
f(x) x
3
2 x
x
x2 2x 3 0
x 3 x 1 0
x3
or
1
19)

(a)
Let f 1(x) y
f(y) x
2 y x
y 2x
f 1(x) 2 x
(b)
3
fg(x) f
x
3
2
x
2x 3

x
20)

(a)

Let f 1(x) y
f(y) x
4y 3 x
y

x3
4

f 1(x)

x3
4

(b)
5

fg(x) f 2
x

4 2 3
x

20
8 3
x
5 x 20

x
21)

x
f 2 (x) f
1 x
x
1 x
x
1
1 x
x
1 x
1 2x
1 x
x

1 2x
22)

g 2(x) f(x)
h(hx k) k 4 x 3
h 2 x hk k 4 x 3
h2 4
h2

23)

,
,

hk k 3
2 k k 3
k 1

 2 x 1
f 2 (x) f
x 3
2 x 1
2
1
x 3

2x 1
3
x3
4 x 2 (x 3 )

2 x 1 3x 9
3x 5

,
5x 8
24)

(a)
gf(x) g 2 x 1
(2 x 1) 2 1
4x2 4x
(b)
4x2 4x x2 1
3x 2 4 x 1 0
( 3 x 1 )(x 1 ) 0
1
x
or
1
3
25)

(a)
2x

x 1

f 2 (x) f

2x

x 1

2x
1
x 1
4x

2x x 1
4x

x 1
2

(b)
x+1=0
x = -1
26)

(a)

8
5

Let f -1 (-5)=k
So f(k) 5
2k 1 5
k 3
(b)
gf(x) g 2 x 1
2x 1
( 2x 1) 1
2x 1

2x

27)

2 x 1
4

4
2(
) 1
2x 1
4( 2 x 1 )

8 ( 2x 1)
8x 4

2x 9
8x 4
kx 4

2x 9
2x p
k 8
, p9
f 2 (x) f

28)

fg(x) x 2 2 x 5
f g(x) x 2 2 x 5
g(x) 1 x 2 2 x 5
g(x) x 2 2 x 6
29)

4
x3
4
f g(x)
x3
4
2 g(x) 1
x3
4
2 g(x)
1
x3
4 x3

x3
1 x

x3
1 x
g(x)
2(x 3 )
fg(x)

30)

gf(x) x 2 2 x 5
g x 1 x 2 2 x 5
Let y x 1
So, x y 1
g(y) ( y 1)2 2( y 1) 5
y2 2 y 1 2 y 2 5
y2 4
g(x) x 2 4
31)

gf ( x) x 2 4 x 5
g x 2 x 2 4 x 5
Let y x 2
So, x y 2
g ( y ) ( y 2)2 4( y 2) 5
y2 4 y 4 4 y 8 5
y2 1
g ( x) x 2 1
32)

2
f 1
3
2
2 2

f k k
2
3 1

2
4 2k
k
1 k
3
f 2 (2)

2 k 2 k 4 2k

1 k
3
6 3k 2 3k 4 2k 4k 2k 2
k 2 3k 2 0
(k 1)(k 2) 0
k 1 or 2
33)

(a)
6
62
3

f (6)

(b)
Let f 1( 2 ) k
f(k) 2
k
2
k 2
k 2k 4
k 4
f 1( 2 ) 4
34)

(a)
Let f 1 ( x) y
So, f ( y ) x
y 1
x
y2
y 1 xy 2 x
y (1 x) 2 x 1
2 x 1
y
1 x
2 x 1
f -1 ( x)
1 x
2x 1

, x 1
x 1
(b)
1-x =0
x=1

35)

(a)
Let f 1 (-1) k
So f (k ) 1
4k 9
1
k 2
9k 9 k 2
10k 11
11
k
10
11
f 1 (1)
10
(b)
4 f 1(x) x
x
f 1(x)
4
x
f( ) x
4
x
4 9
4
x
x
2
4
4 x 36
x
x 8
4 x 36 x 2 8 x
x 2 12 x 36 0
(x 6 )2 0
x6
36)

(a)
Let f 1( 3 ) k
So f(k) 3
2k 2
3
k 1
2k 2 3k 3
k 5
f 1( 3 ) 5
(b)

f 1(m) mp
f(mp) m
2mp 2
m
mp 1
2mp 2 m 2 p m
p( 2m m 2 ) m 2
m 2
p
2m m 2
m2
2
m 2m
37)

(a)
Let f 1 (4) p
f ( p) 4
2
6p 4
p
6 p2 4 p 2 0
3 p2 2 p 1 0
(3 p 1)( p 1) 0
p 1
f 1 (4) 1
(b)
f 1 (k ) 2
f (2) k
2
6(2)
k
( 2)
k 11
38)

(a)

(b) 0 f ( x) 3
39)

f( 3 ) 3 h k 3
f( 1 ) 1 h k 3

3 h 1 h 0
2h 2 0
h 1
3 1 k 3
k 1
40)

(2) 3 h(2) k 2
2h k 6 (1)
(3) 3 h(3) k 3
3h k 24 (2)
(1) (2)
h 18
h 18
2(18) k 6
k 30
41)

(a)
Let f 1 (5) p
So f ( p ) 5
p 10
5
p 8
p 10 5 p 40
4 p 50
1
p 12
2
1
f 1 (5) 12
2
(b)
f (k ) k
k 10
k
k 8
k 10 k 2 8k
k 2 9k 10 0
( k 1)(k 10) 0
k 10
42)

(a)

2
fg (3) f 3 6

f 15

3(15) 4
49
(b)
Let f 1 ( x) y
So f ( y ) x
3y 4 x
y

x4
3

x4
3
1 4
gf 1 (1) g
3
f 1 ( x)

g 1

(1) 2 6
7
43)

f 1 ( k )

1
2

1
f( )k
2
1
3
2 k
1
2
2
5
k2
5
2
1
44)

(a)
ff 1 (2) 2
(b)

Let f 1 (4) k
So f ( k ) 4
3k 2
4
k 1
3k 2 4k 4
k 6
f 1 (4) 6
45)

(a)
f 2 ( x) 16 x 10
p ( px q ) q 16 x 10
p 2 16 ,

pq q 10

p 4,

4q q 10
q 2

(b)
f ( x) 4 x 2
Let f 1 (18) k
So f (k ) 18
4k 2 18
k 5
f 1 (18) 5
46)

(a)
f (7) 2
7k
2
72
k 3
(b)
Let f 1 ( 4) p
So, f ( p ) 4
p3
4
p2
p 3 4 p 8
5p 5
p 1
f 1 (4) 1
47)

(a)
Let f 1 ( x) y

So f ( y ) x
8 3y x

8 x
3
8
x
f 1 ( x)
3
(b)
f 2 ( x) f (8 3 x)
8 3(8 3x)
8 24 9 x
9 x 16
y

48)

(a)
1

3x
1

1
3
3x
x

f 2 ( x) f

(b)
fg ( x) f ( x 3)

1
3( x 3)

49)

f ( x) ( x 1) 2
f (o) 1
f (1) 0
f (5) 16
0 f ( x) 16
50)

fg ( x) 10 x 5
f (kx 3) 10 x 5
2(kx 3) h 10 x 5
2kx 6 h 10 x 5
2k 10 ,
6 h 5
k 5,
h 1

51)

52)

53)

(a)
Let f 1 (5) p
So f ( p ) 5
2p3 5
p 1
f 1 (5) 1
gf 1 (5) g 1
1 13
1 8
2

54)

(a)
f ( x)

48
kx 9

48
24
k 9
k 9 2
k 7
(b)

48
7( 1 ) 9
3

f (1)

55)

(a)

 1 x

1 x
1 x
1
1 x

1 x
1
1 x
1 x 1 x

1 x (1 x )
2

2 x
1

f 2 ( x) f

(b)
f 4 ( x) f 2 f 2 ( x)
1
)
x
1
1

f 2(

x
56)

(a)

1
2(1) 1
1

f 2 (1)

(b)
f 3 ( x ) ff 2 ( x)

2 x 1
x
2x 1
x
1
2x 1
x
2x 1
x 2x 1
2x 1
x

3x 1
f

57)

(a)
f (4) 3(4) 1

11
(b)

f 1 g 3 f 1 (3 7)
f 1 (10)
Let f -1 (10) k
So
f (k ) 10
3k 1 10
11
k
3
11
f 1 g (3)
3
58)

(a)

2
3)
2
g (2)
3(2)

2
4
1

gf ( 2) g (

(b)
fg ( x) 1
3x
f ( 2) 1
4
3x 8
4 3 1
2
3x 8
4
8
3x 8 32
x 8
59)

fg ( x ) gf ( x)
f 2q 3 x g (3 x p )
3 2q 3 x p 2q 3(3 x p )
6q 9 x p 2q 9 x 3 p
4 q 4 p
p q

60)

(a)
2x 5
0
x 3
5
x
2

(b)
Let f ( x) y
f 1 ( y ) x
2y 5
x
y 3
2 y 5 xy 3 x
y (2 x ) 3 x 5
3 x 5
y
2 x
5 3x
f(x)
,x2
2 x