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DAM 2.0: Collaboration & Project Management Control


Learn how digital asset management has evolved to address the needs of today’s sophisticated workflows.

Digital asset management (DAM) today must support the needs of organizations that:
• Collaborate on project development—locally or globally,
• Rely on approvals and communication for quality control, and
• Base access and distribution on complex, variable conditions.

The Call for DAM 2.0 all, can anyone reasonably imagine the flow of place? What about the projects in which it’s
Some digital files are little more than random digital information will become any less com- already been used? What about licensing restric-
data, but others can hold significant value: They plex—or less important—in years to come? tions? Or production status?
are the success of your current campaign, the
This is the call for DAM 2.0. Now, consider the passage of time. Over time,
confidentiality of your next strategy, the integrity
David grows and changes. As his friend, you
of your brand, or more. The loss or erroneous update what you know about him in each conver-
release of even one of these files can be embar- Rethinking Digital Assets
Operating systems encourage us to think of files sation you have. But if you don’t keep in touch,
rassing, expensive—or worse.
in terms of file name, modification date, folder loca- the next time you talk, David might seem like a
This document details the needs of organizations tion, etc. Computer users have found files based completely different person—nothing like you
that understand the business dangers of errone- on simple metadata like these for so long, we’ve remember.
ous asset distribution, and aim to avoid the prob- adapted to the limitations they impose. So what about updating the metadata you assign
lem altogether. In addition, it outlines ways in
But do metadata like these properly and ade- to your files?
which the Cumulus digital asset management
quately describe your digital assets? Even the metadata for a file you haven’t used in
system can help organizations control their
assets at the project level in order to avoid mis- Imagine “Twitter” for Assets years needs to be occasionally updated to reflect,
takes. To put some perspective on the notion of ade- say, the fact that you haven’t needed it in years.
quately describing assets, think of someone Should you pay to renew your usage license for
It’s easy to classify erroneous asset distribution
close to you—a family member or a friend. Now, the asset? How would you know, if you don’t
into one of three categories: know when your organization last needed it?
imagine describing that person using operating
• Content errors — Errors in content that were system metadata: What about renewing your contract with a
not caught during edits and approvals. designer? How often was her worked chosen
• Name: David over the work of another designer?
• Approval errors — The content might be tech-
nically correct and typo-free, but it’s not • Creation Date: 12/19/1963 Metadata values enable you to “know” your
appropriate for other reasons—sensitivities, • Size: 190 pounds assets just like you know your friends. Metadata
timing, etc. • Type: Male offers the information on status, history and
• Distribution errors — An error-free, approved future you need to “keep in touch” and make sure
• Location: Alameda, California, USA
asset was distributed before an embargo, or it your assets always remain your best friends.
To an operating system, this is a “complete” file
was sent to the wrong recipients, etc. Managing Ours vs. Mine
description. Add a thumbnail, and that’s pretty
Typically, organizations don’t think of DAM solu- much all you have to work with. When a file has been created by you, you might
tions as being able to help them avoid errors like know information about it that others wouldn’t,
these. “DAM” to most organizations, means little But do these values offer any useful sense of who such as what the file contains, and who has
more than “advanced search engine.” “David” really is? To really understand David, you already seen it. You might even have sticky notes
need to know more: Where did he come from? on your computer monitor that remind you about
And though it’s true that some DAM systems What does he know? What can he do? Where
offer search capabilities far beyond those avail- what you need to do to complete files that are
has he been? Where does he need to be tomor- still in development.
able at the operating system level, today’s DAM row? The breadth information you could collect
systems must do more. What was once merely is infinite. And the more you know about David, All the little tricks you use to help you get your
about finding files, is now also about defining, the more “value” he can offer you—just like your work done define your personal workflow. And if
controlling and tracking an asset’s content devel- digital assets. you work alone, your personal workflow probably
opment—and its history and future. works pretty well for you—at least for files in
Have you ever needed to open a file because you recent memory. But when you collaborate on files
Today’s DAM systems must address these needs couldn’t determine its contents based on a file
in order to remain viable, and they must be flexi- with others, sticky notes don’t tell the whole
name alone? Have you ever forgotten from story—and they’re tough to share.
ble enough to meet the needs of tomorrow. After whom or where you got some file in the first

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EXPLORING SERIES: DAM 2.0: Collaboration & Project Management Control

A fully featured DAM system can be used as the


“gatekeeper” that enables you (and others) to Develop
track the asset (and project) information you FIGURE 1: Digital asset
need to maintain control over your development development usually fol-
pipeline. If you choose the right DAM system, Approve lows a series of edits and
approvals before final dis-
and configure it to properly suit your needs, your tribution.
system can save you considerable time and
money. Distribute
DAM systems that don’t offer adequate meta-
determining an asset is needed, all the way
data management options are as effective (and
through to the asset’s distribution. This informa-
dangerous) as air travel with no air traffic control.
tion will help you determine the metadata your
You need to know where files are going; you need
organization will need to integrate DAM into
to know when they’ll arrive; you need to know
your development pipeline.
who has control of them at any given moment—
and so does everyone else working in the same
collaborative “air space.” The Value of Metadata Flexibility
Before you can identify all the metadata values
Control is the goal; chaos is the consequence. you’ll need in place to keep track of things, it’s
helpful to consider the various metadata options FIGURE 2: Tags offer a limited way to track files. Notice
To establish and maintain control over your col- the misspelled “airplane” tag. This is one asset that
laborative project and asset development, you available, and how you can apply them to your might not be found when needed!
need to start with two things: processes.

• A defined process by which your files are Tags vs. Metadata Using a tagging system is like having a digital
developed, and Tagging describes the process of assigning indi- asset management system that offers only one
vidual words or phrases to a given file. Collec- metadata field: keywords. Tags can be handy
• A system that supports and enables that pro-
tively, tags “paint a picture” of the file’s content— when sorting personal files in an operating sys-
cess, and helps you manage it.
flower, yellow, rooftop garden, etc. tem, but tagging is not a solution for digital asset
And though a file might be a picture of a flower management.
The Power of Process
The process behind an organization’s asset that is yellow and planted in an rooftop garden, the Projects Count Too
development (or acquisition) is often taken for management of that file involves knowing more In addition to individual assets, projects can also
granted by smaller groups working together on a about the file than what it contains. Consider the be described by metadata. Examples of metadata
regular basis—everyone knows how everything is following attributes: that would be useful when describing a project
done, so no one gives the process itself much • 10MB in size include:
thought.
• Ready for approval • Due tomorrow
But when someone unfamiliar with the process
• Pending license verification • Managed by Uli
comes into the fold, problems arise. A new
employee requires some training—easy Attributes like these in no way describe the con- • In approval
enough—but what about a new client? What tent of a file. What’s more, these values will These metadata values describe a project as a
about a new corporate partner? Or even a new change throughout the asset’s lifetime. This is whole, not the individual assets associated with
print house? where proper metadata fields come into play. A the project. The following table offers examples
metadata field provides a placeholder for infor- of metadata that make sense for assets, projects
A secure, efficient development process is only mation. Some of that information might never or both.
as strong as its weakest link—if one person change, but some might change regularly or even
makes an error, the entire process can fail. constantly. Metadata Asset Project
An established process helps ensure content Tags are cumbersome for managing variable File Format 9 8
quality and timely delivery; but even better, it can attributes, because tags are static text values. If
significantly reduce (or eliminate) the errors you assign the value Ready for approval as a tag,
Status 9 9
described at the start of this document. when the status changes, you need to remove the Client Name 8 9
Defining Process old tag and add the new one. If you forget either
step, you’ll have confusing situation on your
Publication Edition 8 9
The most obvious first step to take when defining
hands. In other cases, such as file size, tags make Creator 9 8
a DAM-assisted development process is to ana-
no sense at all.
lyze your existing process. Each situation is Manager 8 9
unique, but most asset development follows the Even worse, searching for files based on tags
steps shown in figure 1. doesn’t always yield expected results. Search for
Due Date 9 9
“apple” and what will you find: fruit or comput-
Depending on your organization’s existing pro-
ers? And what happens when, in your part of the In order to manage projects using your DAM sys-
cesses, other steps not shown in figure 1 might
world, “apple” is Apfel or pomme? When using tem, it must offer the following functionality:
be needed. Most important to identify are the
tags, spelling counts! (Figure 2)
steps your organization takes between initially

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• A way to define projects — There should be no Fields Purpose


limitation on the number of projects you can A Creator or Manager field would include
define and manage. the name of the person or department
in charge of creating and editing the
• A way to assign metadata values to projects
asset, or managing the project. This
for the purpose of tracking status, etc. — information is useful for knowing who to
There should be no limitation on the number contact with questions, and it can also
Asset be used to serve notifications, such as
of metadata fields you can use.
Creator when an approval has been completed
• A way to assign assets to projects. — There and edits are required.
should be no limitation on the number of proj- Project
Minimal Functionality The field should
Manager
ects an asset can be assigned to, and no limit enable users to enter the name of a per-
on the number of assets a project can be son in charge of development or man-
agement.
assigned.
Ideal Functionality The field should pro-
• A way to find projects (and the assets they vide an easy and error-free way for
contain) — Multiple methods, including users to assign one or more users.
browsing and searching should be available. As with the Creator/Manager field, this
Some metadata value names, such as status or field identifies the person authorized to
perform approvals for the asset.
due date, are useful for describing individual Asset
Minimal Functionality The field should
assets and entire projects. Your DAM system Approver
enable users to enter the name of a per-
must enable you to reuse metadata value names son who will approve the asset or proj-
Project
when it makes sense to do so, all the while ensur- Approver
ect.
ing those values remain unique. For example, Ideal Functionality The field should pro-
when developing a book, you might have a status vide an easy and error-free way for
users to assign one or more users. FIGURE 3: The fields at the top of this window define
value for the book cover art and another status
who is responsible for each step of the development
value for the book as a whole. Though named the This field can serve as a “digital signa-
pipeline. They are disabled in this view because the con-
same, the values of each status value will not ture” that indicates when an asset or nected user lacks permission to edit them. The Mile-
project has been given final approval. stones and Assign and Notify fields are editable to this
remain in sync throughout the development, so Approval could also be determined by a user. Note how some of the fields permit more than one
they must be treated separately. value in the status field, but using a sep- selection using check boxes, while others provide drop-
arate field to indicate final approval down menus from which only one choice can be made.
NOTE: In most DAM systems, a single meta- offers some advantages, such as having User interface widgets like these make metadata entry
data value is represented by a corresponding Asset a final “sign off” field that’s available fast and accurate.
Approved only to an authorized manager.
metadata field.
Minimal Functionality The field should
Project notifications, distributing files, removing access
In addition, your DAM system must enable you Approved
enable the person who has the authority
to add as many metadata values (fields) as you of final approval to sign off on the asset. to expired assets, etc. DAM system automation
need to manage your assets and your projects. Ideal Functionality The field should pro- is typically based on a trigger/action paradigm—
vide a clear indication of approval (such a trigger occurs that causes an action to take
Thinking of (Metadata) Fields as a check box), and access to the field place. Triggers are generated by users events,
should be restricted to only those
All this in mind, take another look at figure 1. The authorized to sign off on the asset or such as changing the value of a metadata field, or
steps depicted are simple, but the metadata val- project. they can be based on recurrent time schedules.
ues required to represent each step, and commu-
Figure 3 shows a field that’s used for the assign-
nicate progress between collaborators, are Metadata fields can also be used to convey ment and notification of an asset or project.
diverse. The following table lists metadata field details, such as why a project was delayed, or When a new value is chosen in this field (menu),
examples that could be used to track the work- where an asset should be distributed once com- the DAM system would send an email notifica-
flow figure 1 outlines. pleted. They could even provide a checklist of the tion to the selected user.
development process that can help users move
Fields Purpose the asset or project through the milestones of the In order to perform tasks like these, your DAM
A status field would define development development pipeline. (Figure 3) system needs the pertinent information, which
status. Users and managers could use means you need to think about the metadata
this field value to determine “todo” lists, In summary, metadata values (and the fields that fields you’ll need to provide that information. To
or to check development against sched- store them) must be flexible enough to serve two
ules. better anticipate the information you’ll need,
Asset purposes:
Status Minimal Functionality The field should think of your DAM system as a personal assis-
enable users to enter the words used to • Indicate an intention, association or state of tant.
Project describe their status values. being (size, status, value, etc.), and
Status Ideal Functionality The field should
When you assign your assistant a new task, what
enable users to choose status values • Serve as the foundation for automation that information do you need to provide?
from a menu or other UI widget that can help keep production on schedule, which
makes metadata changes easy and error is described next.
free.
Metadata that Automates
Some DAM systems can use metadata values as
the basis for automated tasks, such as emailing

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The following table shows examples of questions Would the answer to this question ever be a sim- meantime, your organization has amassed thou-
an assistant would ask, based on tasks assigned. ple yes or no? Even when the final “yes” comes sands of new files, and you have scores of addi-
in, it’s the result of preconditions that have each tional projects to archive—not to mention
Task Assistant asks been satisfied—the press release has been tracking the development of current ones.
Email • How will I know when a notifi- approved; the embargo has expired, etc.
cation is needed? The DAM system you installed to little or no fan-
notifications of
status changes. • Who should I notify? Your DAM system should enable you to auto- fare a year prior, has since become your organi-
matically limit access to assets for certain users zation’s single portal to absolutely everything.
Change access • How will I know when an
access permission change is or groups, based on rules you define. It should Gone are the days of wading through file server
permissions needed? also be capable of revoking permission based on folders, or sifting through printouts of assets
when needed.
• What changes should I make? those same rules. archived offline. There are no more complaints
• How will I know when a file is about file server logins or permissions, and no file
Distribute a file ready for distribution? When you determine the rules you need, you’ll
when it’s ready. has been lost, inadvertently edited or prema-
• Where should I distribute it? also be able to determine which additional meta-
turely released. If you need the status of any-
data fields will be required for your DAM system
thing, you know exactly where to go—24/7—
Thinking automation through from the perspec- to make those decisions. Example rules and the
using your computer, someone else’s computer,
tive of an assistant helps you better determine fields required to define them are shown in the
or even your smart phone.
the metadata fields you’ll need in order to control table below.
your production pipelines. “Digital dental floss” will change everything for
Rule Metadata fields required your organization, and in far less time than you
Rules for Access Distribute file after • Manager Approval (check might expect.
One final consideration with regard to metadata embargo expires, box)
only if approved by • CEO Approval (check box) ROI in Retrospect
field choices is access. Asset security is based on
access permissions, so this is not a subject to manager and CEO. • Embargo (date) Looking back over your first year using DAM, the
overlook. • Permitted individuals benefits you’ll most easily recognize are:
Limit access to file to (check boxes)
certain individuals Increased production efficiency Designers and
Some background: Computer operating systems and groups only.
• Permitted groups (check
restrict access to simple yes/no determina- boxes) sales personnel spend far less time finding files
tions—you either have access to a directory or Show only those files for layouts and presentations. Files are no longer
file, or you don’t. Some flexibility is added by pro- rated as 3-stars or • Rating (1 to 5 stars) scattered across computers and locations, and
viding permissions based on groups in addition better. no file is beyond reach from anywhere. Delays
to individual users. are reduced and quality improves, because “sec-
The examples given throughout this section ond choice” assets are never used in place of pre-
This permissions model was revolutionary when ferred assets that couldn’t be found. Mistakes
show how metadata values can describe far
it was originally introduced—over 30 years ago! more than just a file’s contents. and “redos” are avoided, because users can eas-
And though this model is still in use by virtually ily tell when a file is approved, suitable and cur-
all operating systems in use today, your DAM rent. But, perhaps best of all, when your sales
system should free you entirely from this limita- Benefits Over Time
team saves time, they can use that time to gener-
tion. Most DAM system benefits are accumulative.
For example, just after launch, a DAM system is ate additional revenue—they spend time finding
The problem with this model is that access is leads, not files!
little more than something new to learn. But
based on a static decision: yes or no. Not many within months, a good DAM system can become Reduced approval roadblocks Approvals require
permissions in life are granted this way. Consider as important to your operation as the electricity less time and come faster, because a single
the following permission request: you use to run it. resource has become the communications and
“Mommy, may I go out and play?” access hub for all development. Managers know
The immediate challenge lies in convincing skep-
where to go to check the status of anything, and
Sometimes the answer to this question might be tical users why DAM matters. Dentists know this
struggle well: “Floss your teeth!” is a mantra they can grant approvals or submit revision
a simple yes or no; but most often, rules apply: instructions from home, a hotel, or even 35,000
many don’t appreciate until later in life, when the
“You may go out only after you’ve finished your feet.
benefits become clearer.
homework. And make sure you come back inside Decreased time to market Projects get to market
before it gets dark.” The need for digital asset management is similar
in concept, and the conveyance of its benefits faster because productivity goes up, while delays
This is a rule-based permission, meaning the go down. It’s also easier to efficiently handle
can be similarly difficult. Programs like Photo-
answer is conditional. If any condition is not met, more projects simultaneously—and faster—
shop or PowerPoint demonstrate value within
permission is not granted. (Or the permissions is minutes of installation; but the first step after thanks to the greater information and control
revoked, if previous granted.) your DAM system has made available to you.
installing a DAM system is to catalog (index)
Operating systems don’t support this advanced your files—not too rewarding. (Though you are Investment protection Time and money are
taking that important first step toward never los- saved because no asset needs to be recreated or
permissions model, which forces organizations
ing another file!) re-licensed. Investment ROI is maximized across
that rely on operating systems for digital asset
management to make access decisions manually. your entire organization, because one depart-
And while launch day for a new DAM system is
ment doesn’t waste money acquiring asset
Should we post the press release on the website? typically neither remarkable nor typically memo-
rable, soon comes next week and next year. In the

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licenses already purchased by another depart- In some cases, metadata is gathered and stored
ment. into fields that reflect metadata standards, which
are agreed upon conventions used to describe
Litigation avoidance It’s easy for users to know
assets. The following table lists the most popular
when a restriction is placed on the use of an
metadata standards.
asset, so you avoid license violations that could
lead to costly and embarrassing litigation.
Metadata Example
What’s more, you know that the assets you Description
Standard Metadata
acquired in 2008 will be properly and legally
The standard used
used by designers in 2010, because usage infor- by virtually all
mation remains intact and easy to find—even modern digital • Shutter
EXIF speed
after everyone’s long since forgotten where the cameras for meta-
data capture and • Camera
assets came from. model
Exchange- storage.
able Image • GPS shot
Unforeseen Advantages Most applications location
File Format that deal with digi- FIGURE 4: The Properties window of this file shows
Additional benefits depend on how an organiza- • Shot date
tal photos support metadata that’s embedded into the file by the operating
tion uses its DAM system. Below are actual EXIF. system. DAM systems extract this information (and
examples from organizations using DAM today: more) when the file is cataloged.
A metadata stan-
• A book publisher claims a savings on errone- IPTC dard originally
ous shipping charges, because fulfillment per- developed to they go. (EXIF metadata describes conditions the
describe photos • Caption moment an asset was created, such as shot con-
sonnel can visually confirm orders based on Interna-
used by news • Headline
book cover thumbnail images, which are eas- tional Press
agencies.
ditions and camera information. In order to main-
Telecom- • Location
ier to verify than inventory numbers. Most applications
tain the integrity of that metadata, this metadata
munica- • Keywords
tions that deal with should not be editable.)
• A supermarket chain uses its DAM system to
Council asset metadata
quickly confirm that product shots planned for support IPTC. It’s not possible to write-back metadata into file
its weekly flier are accurate, and not the same formats that don’t support it, but it’s still possible
XMP is a frame- for metadata to “travel” with assets through the
shots recently published by competitors.
work designed by
• An advertising firm has developed an entirely Adobe to, in part, The metadata use of external files that act as storage contain-
encapsulate previ- accessible via ers for the asset’s metadata. (Figure 5)
new business model based on archiving the XMP varies
XMP ous metadata
historical assets of clients. When clients need standards and between
images from legacy ad campaigns, they know overcome the limi- applications,
Extensible but most
where to find them. Metadata
tations of “closed”
standards. common
• A software publisher uses its DAM system to Platform fields are
Adobe Creative globally sup-
track the development of marketing and train- Suite and other ported.
ing materials in three different languages. Eng- applications sup-
lish materials are produced in the United port XMP.
States, then localized in France and Germany.
Employees and free-lancers are involved, and Metadata values created by operating systems,
everyone has access to the same materials— such as file name, size, creation date, etc., are FIGURE 5: External files are used to store metadata for
without cumbersome VPN or unsecured always stored inside files, regardless of the file’s file formats that do not support metadata embedding.
Here, “XMP Sidecar” files store XMP metadata used to
remote access clients. format. These are the metadata values you see describe Autodesk Softimage XSI scene (.scn) files, which
when you look at a file’s properties or info win- do not natively support XMP.
Metadata Standards 101 dow. (Figure 4)
This section offers a basic overview of metadata
Many file formats also support the embedding of Standards: Good, but Limiting
sources and standards, which is important to
additional metadata inside files. For example, What if none of the metadata standards provide
understand in order to gage the strengths and Microsoft Word enables users to add metadata,
weaknesses of any DAM system. fields suitable for all the information your organi-
such as an author’s name, which is saved inside zation needs? For example, say you work in a
Metadata Sources and Standards the file. QuarkXPress and InDesign would addi- research facility whose work is supported by gov-
Asset metadata typically originates from one or tionally store a page count and list of fonts used ernment grants. You’re required to track assets
more of the following sources: in the file. The information that can be embedded based on the grants that fund their development,
depends on the file type. but none of the popular metadata standards
• Hardware devices (digital cameras, scanners,
Some file formats support the storage of entire include fields for “Grant” or “Funding Resource.”
etc.)
metadata standards. JPEG and TIF are two popu- Some organizations might just repurpose meta-
• Operating systems (file name, creation date,
lar file formats that support all metadata stan- data standard fields they don’t need. For exam-
etc.)
dards listed in the previous table. One advantage ple, they might use the XMP “Description
• Software programs (Photoshop, PowerPoint, of this is that you can “write back” IPTC/XMP Writer” field to track grant resources, because
etc.) metadata into your JPEG and TIF assets so that it they don’t have a need to track the writer of their
travels along with those files no matter where asset descriptions. Though this seems like a

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clever solution, it can lead to confusion—and can text files, such as those shown in figure 5, that File Format Enhanced Metadata Examples
even data loss!—if an editing application include asset metadata. Tag files are not specific InDesign,
assumes the field is used as intended by the to any metadata standard.) QuarkXPress, Page Count, Fonts Used
metadata standard. (Figure 6) Microsoft Word
So, if your organization has standardized on IPTC
or XMP, but some of the file formats you use
The “enhanced” metadata a given file format
don’t support those standards, Cumulus solves
includes depends on the information required to
the problem for you. Or, if you use custom (non-
describe assets of that format. Example: video
standard) metadata and you need to write those
and audio files have a duration metadata value,
metadata values out to external files, Cumulus
whereas desktop publishing and word processing
can do that too.
formats include page counts and font information.
FIGURE 6: The Description Writer field has been used DAM systems that store metadata only inside
Cumulus captures this information and stores it
here to store the name of a funding resource. This is con- asset files are of limited use, because you cannot
fusing, and it could lead to data loss if a “real” descrip- into catalog metadata fields that have been allo-
edit a cataloged file’s metadata unless that file is
tion writer value is ever added by an editing application. cated for it. For example, say a catalog contains a
available and not in use by another application.
metadata field called Duration that’s mapped to
Plus, one of the main advantages of a DAM sys-
When a metadata standard is used in a manner the duration metadata inside your assets.
tem is to help you find files. If your only hope for
inconsistent with its intended purpose, you finding a file lies within the file itself, that’s one Canto calls this mapping capability field linking,
defeat the concept of “standard.” DAM benefit lost—along with the file. and it’s an extremely useful feature unique to
Instead, your DAM system should be flexible Cumulus. The real power of field linking comes
Capturing Metadata
enough to enable you to add any and all meta- not from serving as a metadata “traffic cop,” but
Metadata comes into Cumulus catalogs in one of
data you need, and to use those fields right from enabling users to easily change the default
two ways:
alongside any “standard” fields in use. mappings, and even add new ones. So, for exam-
• Cataloging your files (indexing) ple, all the information stored in your various file
NOTE: For ongoing tips and “best practice” formats as notes, comments and information can
• User editing
information on DAM, regularly visit the Canto be copied into a single field inside Cumulus. This
Community Blog: http://blog.canto.com During a cataloging operation, Cumulus extracts means, no matter what the file format, the file’s
metadata from your assets and stores that infor- “about” information will always be found in the
mation in your Cumulus catalogs. (Cumulus cat-
How Cumulus Helps same place.
alogs do not store your actual assets—those
Now, with a more solid understanding of the This is handy because different metadata stan-
remain stored on the media of your choice, such
requirements collaborative development places dards and file formats often use different names
as a file server, ftp site, etc.) The metadata
on a DAM system, it’s easier to appreciate the for what is essentially the same metadata. What
Cumulus captures depends on each file’s format
various capabilities Canto Cumulus offers to one format calls duration, another calls length.
and your Cumulus configuration settings.
address those needs. Cumulus field linking enables you to handle it all
Cumulus can catalog any digital file, because it with a single metadata field.
Cumulus Metadata Flexibility
collects the “core” metadata about files that’s
Cumulus supports all popular metadata stan- Metadata Field Types
provided by the operating system. This is the file
dards. It also enables you to add and track addi- Each Cumulus catalog field has a type, and the
name, format, size, storage location, etc. you see
tional information not supported by any numerous metadata field types Cumulus offers is
inside a file’s properties or info window, as shown
metadata standard. In other words, Cumulus the basis for much of the power the program
in figure 4. These values are considered “core”
offers the best of both worlds. offers.
because they are applicable to all file formats.
As a primary means of metadata storage, Cumu- Beyond the text and number field types you
In addition to these core metadata, Cumulus can
lus uses catalogs. (Think of catalogs as metadata would expect, Cumulus offers a number of addi-
extract additional information for hundreds of
databases.) The important advantage of this tional field types that make collaborative work-
the most popular file formats. Canto refers to this
design is that assets don’t need to be physically flows work better, as seen in the table below.
as enhanced metadata support. When Cumulus
available in order be found through searching. So,
offers “enhanced” support for a particular format,
offline archives remain completely searchable, Field
that means it can find and extract metadata Description
just as if they were online. This makes it easy, for Type
beyond what the operating system provides.
example, to catalog a collection of CDs or DVDs, Communicate verbal ideas between
Examples of enhanced metadata values for vari-
knowing the discs themselves will not remain users. Use your computer’s microphone
ous file formats follow.
online. When someone searches for a file that’s to record input.
on one of those discs, all of the metadata will be
File Format Enhanced Metadata Examples
available (and editable), and Cumulus will even
Duration, FPS (Frames per sec-
indicate which disc the file is on. AVI, MOV, WMV Audio
ond)
In addition to catalog storage, Cumulus can Color Mode, Resolution, Bit
TIF, JPEG, TARGA Usage ideas:
write-back metadata into file formats that sup- Depth
• Audio captions for images used in
port it, and it can create “tag” files to locally store information kiosks, or on websites.
AIF, WAV, MP3 Duration, Sample Rate
metadata for file formats that don’t support • Verbal approvals.
metadata write-backs. (Cumulus tag files are

Canto, the Canto logo and Cumulus are registered trademarks of Canto. Other company and product names might be trademarks of their respective owners.
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EXPLORING SERIES: DAM 2.0: Collaboration & Project Management Control

Field Field Out-of-the-box readiness Cumulus installs in


Description Description
Type Type minutes, and any organization can start using it
Use Boolean fields for yes/no values. Cumulus stores thumbnails for many immediately in its default configuration.
They’re easy to use, easy to find and file formats automatically, but you can
easy to understand. add additional picture fields of your Programming-free configuration Configuration
own. Use copy & paste to get your changes made to Cumulus can be done without a
images into these custom fields from single line of programming—ever! Configuration
other programs.
options are set via user-friendly user interface
Boolean items, such as menus, buttons and check boxes.
Usage ideas: (Figure 7)
• Mark assets or projects “Approved.”
• Provide an emergency “kill” switch for One-stop configuration You can configure a
asset distribution. Windows-based Cumulus Server from a Mac, or
• Use multiple Boolean fields as check- Picture vice versa. You can even configure a Cumulus
lists for development stages or pre-
flighting.
Server running on Linux from a Mac or PC. Plus,
all configuration changes you make are automati-
Date/Time fields enable you to search Usage ideas: cally honored by the Cumulus Web clients. So
and sort based on date and time refer-
ences. Example: search for “7 days from
• Use a book’s cover art to represent its you never need to re-do work, or worry that your
project.
now” ($Today+7) or “one hour ago” Web users won’t see what your LAN users see.
• Store multiple thumbnail images to
($Now-1). provide a scene-by-scene overview of
a cataloged video.
Experimentation-safe operation No configura-
• Store a visual copy of a signed release tion option you choose is permanent. You can
or contract along with the asset or change things at any time, with no loss to the
Date / project it affects.
Time metadata you’ve already captured or entered.
Usage ideas: String list fields contain a collection of You will never configure yourself “into a corner”
• Use embargo dates, release dates, due values from which users make selec- with Cumulus. No configuration choice is a “mis-
dates, etc. tions—just like the menus used in oper- take,” because revisions are always easy.
• Indicate forthcoming expirations that ating systems. String list fields can be
help users determine the “shelf life” of single choice or multiple choice. You can Configuration changes anytime Cumulus config-
projects in development. use as many as you need, and you can
• Find assets cataloged in the past x search and sort based on any values
urations can be updated even while your users
hours. they contain. remain connected and working. This is one of the
Label fields offer a visual indication of
most powerful and unique features of the Cumu-
any status you need. The number of lus architecture. Add a new metadata field,
labels and the color of each is deter- change the order of metadata fields on layouts,
mined by you. Find and sort assets and create new layouts and more—all without the
projects based on label values.
need to disconnect users or restart your Cumulus
String Server. (Note: Permissions changes do not take
List
effect until the user’s next login. In an emergency,
Label
the Cumulus administrator can disconnect any
user.)
Usage ideas: Fine-tune as you go Launch your Cumulus sys-
• Determine development priorities. tem immediately, and scale and customize it
• Make indications using color key con- Usage ideas: later. This enables you to start reaping the bene-
ventions standardized in your organi- • Indicate audience segments suitable
zation. for a given asset.
fits of the system before you’ve mastered its ulti-
• Redirect assets to the attention of a mate potential.
Rating fields can be used for any “0 to 5 coworker.
star” ratings you need. Find and sort
• Provide drop-down, radio button or
Never stop learning! Study and experiment on
assets and projects based on ratings. check-box access to any pool of values your own, learn from the new tutorials and tips
Use as many rating fields as you need. for quick, error-free edits. Canto publishes regularly, share ideas in the
Cumulus user forums, or even take advantage of
Collectively, these fields types (along with stan- the professional services and training offered by
dard text and numeric options) enable you to Canto and its certified partners.
Rating define powerful and flexible project management
Usage ideas: and collaboration controls that reflect the way Most DAM systems on the market require con-
• Assign different rating fields to differ- your organization works. siderable up-front planning and development
ent users to see the results of all. before the systems can go online. In many cases,
• Use rating values to limit the assets Process Flexibility and Forgiveness the costs of configuration can easily exceed the
shown to clients. The term “flexibility” when applied to Cumulus costs of purchase. And the time required for
• Indicate the approximate value of
assets in a manner that’s easy to see means more than just having options. Cumulus planning, programming and testing delays any
and compare. flexibility includes the following benefits: ROI that might—or might not—ever come from
those unnecessarily complicated systems.

Canto, the Canto logo and Cumulus are registered trademarks of Canto. Other company and product names might be trademarks of their respective owners.
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EXPLORING SERIES: DAM 2.0: Collaboration & Project Management Control

FIGURE 7: Cumulus
configuration is done
via user-friendly con-
trols that are easy to
use, even for new
administrators. The
image on the left
shows the fields in a
catalog. Adding a new
field, or setting options
for existing fields is
intuitive. On the right
is a window used to
set access permis-
sions for a user.

In either case, no com-


mand line typing is
required—ever!

What’s worse, when configuration changes are trators to hide features and metadata fields users
made, most DAM systems need to be taken don’t need, or shouldn’t see.
offline, sometimes for days or weeks. This not
In addition, the concept of “process” was heavily
only reduces the likeliness that an organization
weighed during UI design. For example, what a
will ever fine-tune their system exactly how they
user sees at any given point in time is not neces-
want it, it also requires that changes be made
sarily based solely on what that user is permitted
only during the times the organization can afford
to see; it can be based on what that user needs to
to take their system offline—a time that rarely
see at that moment.
ever comes.
The Cumulus “view set” is an example of this
Some systems do promise out-of-the-box readi-
concept. A view set is a selection of metadata
ness, but none of those systems come close to
fields that are organized into a layout. The fields
Cumulus in terms of overall power or potential.
chosen for each view set are up to the Cumulus
User Interface Flexibility & Power admin, and there is no limit on the number of
The Cumulus user interface was designed to pro- view sets that can be used, so the potential is
vide ready access to the features users need limitless.
most, while making it easy for Cumulus adminis- FIGURE 9: Adding fields to view sets is easy, and all
Figure 8 shows two view set examples. Though changes made apply to the Mac, Windows and Web cli-
this catalog might contain hundreds of metadata ents. Options exist for fine-tuning the appearance of indi-
vidual fields and the layout.
fields, view sets like these make it easy to provide
users with small subsets that are task-specific
and easy to use. Categories can be nested to create hierarchies,
Access to view sets is controlled via user or and assets can be assigned to any number of cat-
group permissions, so it’s easy, for example, to egories at a time. (Figure 10)
hide administrative fields from designers, or
make sure the fields managers use for comments
are visible only to other managers.
Figure 3 (back on page 3) shows an example of a
view set used to set and edit metadata values
associated with asset or project development.
FIGURE 10: Different category trees are useful for orga-
Configuring the fields that appear on view sets is nizing assets using different taxonomies. Here, structures
easy, as shown in figure 9. are used to organize assets based on the fiscal year in
which they were acquired (left), the projects in which
Organization that Makes Sense they’ve been used (center), and the clients to whom they
Cumulus categories take the best aspects of key- belong (right).
words and folder structures and combine them
into a unique organization tool far more powerful Double-clicking on a category finds all assets
than keywords or folders alone. assigned to it, and category assignments (and
FIGURE 8: Here, a view set called “Backup” provides
access to a thumbnail and a single field used to indicate category structure changes) are made via simple
when an asset should be backed up. The “Usage Restric- drag & drop.
tions” view set provides single-source access to all cata-
log fields that affect the legal use of an asset.

Canto, the Canto logo and Cumulus are registered trademarks of Canto. Other company and product names might be trademarks of their respective owners.
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EXPLORING SERIES: DAM 2.0: Collaboration & Project Management Control

Access to categories or entire category trees can ready downsampling, based on pre-defined 4. Update the asset record’s status to indicate
be controlled via user or group permissions. configurations. it’s been released.
• Creating entirely new assets, such as making a 5. Update the asset’s permissions so that others
The biggest benefits Cumulus categories offer
new PowerPoint presentation from cataloged can see it.
over folder structures is that a single asset can
belong to any number of categories, and it makes slides or images. These five steps would be required for every asset
no difference where the asset is stored. that was ready for release! Now, imagine doing
Time savings is the most obvious benefit of auto-
that everyday. A Cumulus Scheduler action can
And, while category assignments are as easy to mation—and saved time is saved money!—but
another important benefit is accuracy and pro- do it for you, at intervals you define, which frees
make as keywords or tags, the similarities end your most value and costly asset—you’re
tection. For example, having someone scour your
there. The hierarchical structure of categories employees—to do other things. (Figure 12)
makes more meaningful assignments easy, and catalogs daily for expired asset licenses is a good
idea, but it’s a bad use of resources. Having
categories can be renamed or moved in the hier-
Cumulus do it automatically makes far more
archy at any time without any worries—all asso-
ciations are automatically updated throughout sense. Not only do you free up your personnel for
other tasks, but Cumulus is far less prone to
the entire catalog.
errors when it comes to searching and making
Why does this matter? metadata changes—and it’s happy to work off
hours and weekends!
Say you have a million assets that include the
text tag “U.S. President George W. Bush” Then, Cumulus initiates all automated tasks based
all of a sudden, those tags should read, “Former either on time intervals or user actions. When
U.S. President George W. Bush.” Using a tag- you need something to occur at repeating inter-
based system, you suddenly have a million new vals, the Cumulus Scheduler makes it easy to
things to do! But using Cumulus, it’s a single edit define tasks and determine when they should be
that automatically propagates to all affected performed. (Figure 11)
assets.
Or, say you’re organization has cataloged a few
hundred thousand PowerPoint slides that you’ve
assigned to a category structure like:
Current Projects > Sales> Presentations FIGURE 12: This task is set to first run on 10/10 at 1AM.
it will run again at 1AM each day of the week, except
Once that project is no longer current, Cumulus Sunday. Tasks can be configure to run on all catalogs, or
just certain catalogs, as shown here. Cron notation offers
would let you drag that Presentations category even more control over time intervals.
anywhere else in your category hierarchy you
needed. So, it might end up under:
You can configure as many Scheduler tasks as
Archived Projects > Presentations you need, and they can be run at any time. Cron
You can rename or move categories as often as notation enables you to define more detailed
you need. Cumulus always makes sure every- time intervals, such as “every 5 minutes” or “the
thing is updated for you. first Sunday of each month.”

Automation Options In addition to scheduled tasks, Cumulus can initi-


ate automated tasks based on user actions.
The automation built into Cumulus enables the FIGURE 11: Using queries, actions and templates previ-
ously defined, this Cumulus Scheduler task searches for Figure 13 shows how easy it is to configure an
program to handle some of the repetitive tasks
assets whose embargoes have expired. It creates a JPG automatic email notification based on a meta-
associated with collaborative development, copy of those assets and saves the file in a staging area data field value.
including: for the website. It then updates the status of the asset to
“Released” and it removes a permission restriction so Notifications can also be sent based on other
• Sending notifications of status changes, addi- that the asset can be viewed by others.
user actions, like cataloging new assets, creating
tions or deletions.
new categories, changing category assignments
• Applying standardized metadata values to As simple in concept as the action shown in and more.
asset records (copyrights, initialization values, figure 11 is, the steps taken in the background by
etc.) In addition, automation tasks can be “wrapped”
Cumulus are significant. Imagine having to do the
into easy-to-use menu options. Figure 14 shows
• Modifying metadata values based on other following manually:
how a selection of actions can be used in a drop-
metadata values and conditions.
1. Create a query to find assets whose embargo down menu in a Cumulus Web client to make it
• Setting and changing permissions for asset dates have expired. easy for users to perform otherwise complex
access based on default values, or variable 2. Open the files in an image editing application tasks.
metadata values, like embargo dates, status and resize and save them in JPG format, suit-
updates, etc. able for the Web. What’s important to note about what you see in
figure 14 is the power going on behind the scene.
• Creating variants of cataloged assets, such as 3. Copy the files to the staging area where your
For example, when the Create New PowerPoint
format or colorspace conversions and Wed- Web developers can find them.
menu item is selected, Cumulus actually creates

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EXPLORING SERIES: DAM 2.0: Collaboration & Project Management Control

security features it offers. In short, Cumulus per-


mits pinpoint accurate access control to virtually
all aspects of the system. The table that follows
outlines some of the control that’s possible.

Permission Examples Benefits


• Ensure assets as
• No access editable only to
• Thumbnail pre- certain individu-
view only als or groups.
• Check out/in • Provide “FPO” or
Assets • Full access watermarked
Web access.
• Download vari-
ants only (water- • Make assets
marked, low-res, searchable, with-
etc.) out being acces-
FIGURE 13: When someone sets the Assign and Notify sible.
field to David, Cumulus will send email to David letting
him know.
• Control who can
• Catalog new add assets to
assets your catalogs. FIGURE 15: It’s easy to restrict the editing of a field to
a brand new PowerPoint presentation from the • Edit metadata • Restrict meta- certain users or groups. Here, editing of a field called
Catalogs CEO Approval is restricted to the CEO.
selected assets—even if PowerPoint isn’t avail- & • Create new cate- data editing to
gories trusted users.
able on the user’s computer. Metadata
• Delete assets • Prevent assets
• Delete catego- (and metadata) Viruses that target files based on file types are
The “wrapper” used in Cumulus to make complex from being
ries rendered impotent, because they will not recog-
processing like this easy is called an asset action. deleted.
nize the files inside the Cumulus Vault.
Each menu item shown in figure 14 is an individ- • Determine who
can create new • Maintain control
ual asset action. You can have as many as you by determining Check in/out and version control services are
actions, view
need, and you can control with pinpoint precision sets, metadata who has access available to all file types stored inside the Cumu-
which users or groups can access each. templates and to what. lus Vault. You can store as many revisions as you
other resources. • Ease workflow
for users by lim- need, and roll back to earlier versions at any time.
Admin • Limit actions to
Tasks certain users or iting their access You can also restrict access to versions to make
groups. to features they sure, for example, that your sales force always
won’t need.
• Force the use of see only the most recent versions. (Figure 16)
actions for Web • “Deputize”
download. select users to
take on adminis-
• Delegate admin- trative functions.
istrative tasks.

Asset access permissions can be set catalog


wide, or on a per-asset basis. Templates and
automation can be used to make permissions
assignments easy, even in the most complex sys-
FIGURE 14: What appears to users as standard menu tems.
options are actually automation actions Cumulus per-
forms when the menu item is selected. All options are
Access to metadata fields is also controlled via
available via the Cumulus native clients and the Cumulus permissions, and it’s easy to restrict access to
Web clients, as shown here. certain fields to certain users or groups. Figure 15
shows how an editing restriction is made.
Because this field will be editable only by the
Formulas can also be used to determined new or
CEO, it can act as a virtual “digital signature” for
revised metadata values based on other values.
approvals.
As an example, every image asset has a horizon-
tal and vertical dimension, which enables design- FIGURE 16: Asset check in/out is also available via the
As an added layer of protection for your assets Cumulus Web clients. Notice the indication on the asset
ers to quickly determine an asset’s suitability for themselves, the Cumulus Vault serves as a vir- record to the right that it is already checked out.
print or the Web—an image that’s 10,000 pixels tual wall between your files and your operating
wide is not suitable for the Web! But not every- system. The Vault isolates your files from the file
one can tell when a given asset is suitable for system, and the potential dangers it presents, Easy Access to Everything Now
emailing, presentation inclusion, etc. A formula such as inadvertent file overwrites and viruses. Cumulus native client software is available for
can easily set a metadata field value to “Web Windows and Mac OS. User interface standards
Access to the files is controlled via Cumulus, but like menus, buttons, drag & drop, etc. are sup-
Ready” or “Do Not Email” based on the image’s
not in any way that poses risk to your files—even ported.
dimensions, with no user input required.
in the worst case scenario, the protection Cumu-
Asset Security & Integrity Assurance lus offers will never damage your files or modify The Cumulus Web clients closely resemble the
A 2008 survey of Canto customers found that an their contents. native clients, which makes them powerful alter-
overwhelming number favored Cumulus for the natives when Web access is required. “Web 2.0”

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EXPLORING SERIES: DAM 2.0: Collaboration & Project Management Control

technologies enable advanced functionality in access to the heart of Cumulus, your system will There will be no more getting buried in landslides
the Web clients, such as drag & drop category never become obsolete. of duplicate assets, trying to determine which
assignments, context menus and more. one is current! And no more using the wrong ver-
Summary sion of a file, because approvals weren’t clear.
Combined, the Cumulus client options make it
possible for anyone to access your entire cata- As money gets tighter for everyone, more and You’ll always have the support you need, because
loged asset library from anywhere on Earth. The more organizations worldwide are realizing their no one has a more expansive worldwide network
same user accounts, permissions settings, server investments in digital assets are significant and, of certified partners who specialize in digital
resources are used throughout all clients, so you without proper attention, are easily lost. For this asset management—and no company has been
never need to do any additional configuration reason (and many others), a digital asset man- exclusively selling digital asset management sys-
just for Web users. agement system like Canto Cumulus makes tems for longer than Canto.
more sense now than ever.
Cumulus catalogs published over the Web are When it comes right down to it, saving time and
always “live,” meaning your Web users see This document has shown that no matter how money is what digital asset management is all
exactly the same assets and metadata values complex (or beyond hope!) you might think your about. With Cumulus, you’ve purchased the
your LAN-based users see. When new assets are current situation is, Cumulus can help you gain most affordable professional DAM system in the
cataloged in any client, they are accessible (per- the control you need almost immediately. And, world today, and the benefits it offers—many of
missions permitting) on both sides of the Inter- unlike most investments, your ROI with Cumulus which have been outlined in this document—will
net connection. is entirely within your control—the sooner you increase that value even further.
use it, the quicker you’ll recoup your purchase
Total Access to Everything Tomorrow costs; and the more you use it, the safer your
All Cumulus Servers are expandable via the addi- asset investment becomes.
tion of user licenses and add-on products. No For more information
You’ll find what you need, using a variety of
upgrade requires a loss in productivity due to
search options—each perfect for a different situ- on how Canto Cumulus
prolonged downtime. In addition, systems can be
enhanced through customizations performed by ation. You’ll be able to track asset and project can benefit your
development from any Internet connection on
your IT staff, Canto Professional Services, or the
Earth, and yours sales or other remote teams will
organization, contact your
services of any member of the worldwide Canto
Certified Partner network. never miss an opportunity because a needed file local Canto partner, or
was on another continent. contact Canto directly.
Access to the underbelly of Cumulus is available
Your financial, creative, sales, marketing, distri-
via a published API, making even the most
bution and other departments will all share
advanced enhancements easy. Java technology
access to your organizational assets, and no one In the U.S.
makes cross platform client and server enhance-
ments possible, and Web Services support
will see or access what’s not meant for them. +1 (415) 495-6545
Even better, nobody will re-license what’s already
extends that power further. Software developer
been paid for, or use something they shouldn't,
kits for Java and C++ ensure your development
just because they didn’t know any better. In the E.U.
team can extend the power of Cumulus using the
environments they know best. You’ll never lose information due to an erroneous
+49 (0) 30 390 485 0
error or damaged files, because all previous ver-
Thanks to the vast network of Canto Certified
sions are always safe. Everywhere
Partners and the products and services they offer,
and the well documented APIs that provide total
info@canto.com

About Canto & Cumulus


Canto has been dedicated to helping customers fully utilize their digital assets since 1990. Canto Cumulus is a cross-platform solution that enables companies
to easily organize, find, share and track their ever-increasing numbers of digital files, in any format. Canto’s worldwide network of certified developers offers an
impressive assortment of plug-ins that enhance the Cumulus product line further.
Learn more: www.canto.com

Canto, the Canto logo and Cumulus are registered trademarks of Canto. Other company and product names might be trademarks of their respective owners.
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