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Laboratory Report
Title
AIR REFRIGERATION
No
Names
UiTM No.
1.
2013490144
2.
2013802598
3.
2013254614
4.
2013212512
5.
2013274648
Sessi Amali
Pengesahan Staf :
(Tarikh)
Penyerahan Laporan :
(T. Tangan)
Pengesahan Staf :
(Tarikh)
Signature
(T. Tangan)
Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................4
1.1 The Evaporator......................................................................................................................4
1.2 The Compressor.....................................................................................................................5
1.3 The Condenser.......................................................................................................................5
1.4 The Expansion Valve.............................................................................................................5
1.5 The Refrigerant......................................................................................................................6
2.0 OBJECTIVE..............................................................................................................................6
3.0 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND...........................................................................................6
3.1 The Vapor Compression Cycle..............................................................................................7
.........................................................................................................................................................8
4.0 PROCEDURE..........................................................................................................................11
4.1 APPARATUS.......................................................................................................................11
4.2 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE......................................................................................12
5.0 DATA ANALYSIS...................................................................................................................14
5.1 DATA TABULATION.........................................................................................................14
5.2 SAMPLE CALCULATION.................................................................................................16
a)
b)
c)
d)
Average COPref...........................................................................................................16
6.0 DISCUSSION..........................................................................................................................17
7.0 CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................17
8.0 REFERENCES........................................................................................................................18
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Refrigerant is used widely in various applications from industrial to
domestic situations, mainly for the storage and transport of perishable
foodstuffs and chemical substances. It has the prime function to remove heat
from a low temperature region, and it can also be applied as a heat pump for
supplying heat to a region of high temperature. If a hot cup of coffee is
placed on a table and leave it for a while, the heat in the coffee would be
transferred to the materials in contact with the coffee such as the cup, the
table and the surrounding air. As the heat is transferred, the coffee in time
cools. Using the same principle, refrigeration works by removing heat from a
product and transferring that heat to the outside air.
REFRIGERATION SYSTEM COMPONENTS
There are five basic components of a refrigeration system, these are:
- Evaporator
- Compressor
- Condenser
- Expansion Valve
- Refrigerant; to conduct the heat from the product
In order for the refrigeration cycle to operate successfully each component
must be present within the refrigeration system.
To enable the transfer of heat, the temperature of the liquid refrigerant must
be lower than the temperature of the product being cooled. Once
transferred, the liquid refrigerant is drawn from the evaporator by the
compressor via the suction line. When leaving the evaporator coil the liquid
refrigerant is in vapor form.
2.0 OBJECTIVE
3.0 THEORETICAL
BACKGROUND
Wnet
QH
QL
The cycle:
12
23
34
41
Condensation of the high pressure vapor during which heat is transferred to the
high temperature region.
Adiabatic throttling of the condensed vapor from the condensing to the
evaporating pressure.
Evaporation of the low pressure liquid during which heat is absorbed from the
low temperature source.
Isentropic compression of the vapor, from the evaporating to the condensing
pressures.
4.0 PROCEDURE
4.1 APPARATUS
10
11
12
SC-1
(L/h)
V2
SP-2
(kPa)
/s)
Mref
(kg/s)
h3
(kJ/kg)
h4
(kJ/kg)
(h4-h3)
(kJ/kg)
Qeva
SW-1
(W)
SW-1
(W)/1
000
COP
kg)
27.9
3
7.76E-06
194.
2
0.00106
0.007320
1
500.75
2204
1703.26
12.468
0
472.43
0.472
26.39
12
27.9
6
7.77E-06
182.
1
0.00106
0.007340
6
492.22
2209.
7
1717.48
12.607
3
477.1
0.477
26.42
49
10.8
6
3.02E-06
68.8
0.00104
0.002913
6
374.82
2283.
9
1909.08
5.5623
435.73
0.436
12.76
55
Average COP
21.86
05
8.97
2.49E-06
5.0
0.00101
0.002478
5
137.75
2423
2285.25
5.6641
379.1
0.379
14.94
08
0.00
0.00E+0
0
5.0
0.00101
0.000000
0
137.75
2423
2285.25
0.0000
366.43
0.366
0.000
0
0.00
0.00E+0
0
5.0
0.00101
0.000000
0
137.75
2423
2285.25
0.0000
361.51
0.362
0.000
0
Average COP
4.980
3
30.7
9
8.55E-06
221.
0
0.80670
0.000010
6
2192.6
2710.
8
518.2
0.0055
484.18
0.484
0.011
3
30.7
4
8.54E-06
217.
0
0.82067
0.000010
4
2194.2
2710
515.8
0.0054
480.42
0.480
0.011
2
30.3
0
8.42E-06
216.
0
0.82428
0.000010
2
2194.7
2709.
8
515.1
0.0053
481.81
0.482
0.010
9
Average COP
0.011
13
29.8
1
8.28E-06
211.
0
0.84240
0.000009
8
2196.8
2708.
7
511.9
0.0050
481.8
0.482
0.010
4
31.1
0
8.64E-06
225.
0
0.79322
0.000010
9
2191
2711.
7
520.7
0.0057
479.65
0.480
0.011
8
31.3
5
8.71E-06
232.
0
0.77078
0.000011
3
2188.1
2713.
1
525
0.0059
480.59
0.481
0.012
3
Average COP
0.011
5
29.1
0
8.08E-06
13
218.
0
0.81706
0.000009
9
2193.8
2710.
2
516.4
0.0051
474.45
0.474
0.010
8
30.7
6
8.54E-06
219.
0
0.81355
0.000010
5
2193.4
2710.
4
517
0.0054
477.11
0.477
0.011
4
30.2
7
8.41E-06
211.
0
0.84240
0.000010
0
2196.8
2708.
7
511.9
0.0051
476.32
0.476
0.010
7
Average COP
0.011
0
c
31.1
6
8.66E-06
213.
0
0.83510
0.000010
4
2195.9
2709.
1
513.2
0.0053
474.88
0.475
0.011
2
33.1
8
9.22E-06
234.
0
0.76472
0.000012
1
2187.3
2713.
4
526.1
0.0063
484.7
0.485
0.013
1
34.0
3
9.45E-06
245.
0
0.73249
0.000012
9
2183
2715.
5
532.5
0.0069
489.6
0.490
0.014
0
Average COP
0.012
77
29.9
6
8.32E-06
221.
0
0.00106
0.007826
1
518.25
2192.
6
1674.35
13.103
5
475.49
0.475
27.55
80
29.1
1
8.09E-06
204.
0
0.00106
0.007620
5
507.36
2199.
8
1692.44
12.897
2
466.87
0.467
27.62
49
28.7
6
7.99E-06
203.
0
0.00106
0.007530
3
506.7
2200.
2
1693.5
12.752
6
467.73
0.468
27.26
48
Average COP
27.48
26
d
30.3
3
8.43E-06
219.
0
0.00106
0.007924
2
517
2193.
4
1676.4
13.284
1
475.89
0.476
27.91
43
29.9
3
8.31E-06
214.
0
0.00106
0.007824
8
513.84
2195.
5
1681.66
13.158
7
472.62
0.473
27.84
21
29.3
3
8.15E-06
213.
0
0.00106
0.007669
4
513.2
2193.
4
1680.2
12.886
2
474.53
0.475
27.15
56
Average COP
27.63
73
14
mref
V ref
V2
8.15 X 106
0.007669
= 0.007669
b) Evaporator cooling load , Qevap
Qevap
= mref (h4 h3 )
= 0.007669(2193.4 513.2 )
= 12.8862
COPref
SW 1
1000
Qevap
12.8862
0.475
= 27.1556
d) Average COPref
15
27.9143+ 29.8421+27.1556
=
3
= 27.6373
16
6.0
DISCUSSIO
N
7.0
CONCLUSI
ON
17
8.0 REFERENCES
1. Cengel & Boles.(2013). MEC 551 Thermal Engineering. Thermodynamics : An
Engineering Approach, Seventh Edition in SI Units. Chapter 14: Gas-Vapor Mixtures and
Air-Conditioning.pg 719-726. McGraw-Hill Education (Asia).
2. Chris Bede.(2013).Automotive Air Conditioning Systems. Article retrieve from
www.carparts.com/classroom/ac1.htm on October 4, 2013.
3. Al Nimr & M. Naji.(2002). A Novel Summer Air Conditioning System. Article retrieve from
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196890401001352 on October 4, 2013
18