Automatic Air Valves

For raw and potable water

For domestic and industrial sewage
Technical information for project planners and technicians

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Table of contents
1.
2.
3.
3.1
3.1.1
3.1.2
4.
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.3.1
4.3.2
4.4
4.4.1
4.4.2
4.4.3
4.4.4
4.4.5
5.
5.1
5.2
6.
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
6.16
7.
8.
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.3.1
8.3.2
9.
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
10.
11.

The purpose of aerating and air release

The points of aerating and air release
The ways of aerating and air release
Ways of functioning
Functioning of H-TEC air valve Model 987 (here type 2):
Functioning of H-TEC air valve Model 986:
Types of air valves
AV Model 987 - Air valve (single orifice / double orifice)
AV Model 986 - Air valve (with cup seal)
AVS Model 992 and Model 985 Air valve set
Description of AVS Model 992 Description of AVS Model 985 (diaphragm)
Installation above and below ground
Accessories
Surface box for below ground installation of air valve set Model 992
Drainage element for air valve set Model 992
Manhole cover and ring for air valve set Model 985
Indicator plates for air valve
Flushing and water tapping set (for air valve set Model 992)
Rating of valve size
Rating of valve size
Rating according to the flow performance diagram
Installation
Design of the connection
Air valves in plants and manholes
H-TEC air valve set, the logical further development of the air valve
Shortening of air valve set Model 992 on site
AVS - installation in existing manholes
AVS - installation in ground water
AVS - installation in flood areas
AVS for waste water in ground water areas
AV for water treatment plants
AV for sterilization plants
AV upstream and AV downstream of control valves
AV in fire extinguishing systems
AV upstream and downstream of reductions
AV on waste water head pipes with automatic aeration
AV on waste water vacuum pipes
Insulation
Pressure testing
Functional testing and maintenance
Reasons for maintenance
Maintenance intervals
Important maintenance work
Maintenance of air valve set Model 992
Maintenance of AVS Model 985
Specification
Air valves
Air valve sets
Air valve with stand pipe base
Accessories
Safety hints
References

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1. The purpose of aerating and air release

A water transport system is to be kept in an operating condition as stable as possible by taking the appropriate
measures.
Inclusions of air may have considerable negative effects on a pipeline system, such as:
- longer running time pumps - higher energy input, shorter lifecycle of pumps
- pressure fluctuations
- reduction of flow
- water hammer - pipe breakage
- dry running of pumps
The possibility of air entering into a pipeline system cannot be eliminated entirely. Already the air dissolved
in the water proper may turn gaseous under certain pressure and temperature conditions. Even larger quantities of air will get into the pipeline system during maintenance work. These amounts of air will collect at certain points from where they have to be carried off by means of the appropriate valves (see below illustration).
On the other hand, the lack of air may also lead to failures. Negative pressure will be created when water flows off too fast. This is mostly the case when pipes get drained or when pipe fractures occur, as well as
in case of pumps being disconnected or downstream of quick-acting valves such as pipe fracture safety valves, where the flow of water is stopped abruptly, thus creating a negative pressure between the valve and the
head of water being discharged. In this case sufficient air must be admitted to the pipeline through the air valve to limit the negative pressure and prevent damage to the pipeline.
Moreover, there are accumulations of gas in waste water because of processes of decay and because of the
deliberate blowing in of air.
This implies the following requirements on air valves:
- releasing minor amounts of air under operating pressure
- releasing major amounts of air
- admitting major amounts of air

2. The points of aerating and air release

RBS
e

b
c

c
d

The Air Valve Releases air from the pipeline: accumulations of air must be expected where the operating
pressure is lower than in neighbouring pipeline sections:
a) at each geodesic high point
b) at each hydraulic high point
c) at long ascending or descending pipe sections (recommended installation in intervals of
approx. 0.5 mile/800 m)
d) downstream of pumps and upstream of throttling points
The Air Valve admits the required amount of air: at each spot of the pipeline where negative pressure must
be expected, such as:
e) downstream of quick-acting valves (pipe fracture safety valves PFSV)

3.

The ways of aerating and air release

3.1

Ways of functioning

3.1.1 Functioning of H-TEC air valve Model 987 (here type 2):
Medium: potable water
large cross section
A = 1.488 in2

Releasing major amounts

of air:
During filling a pipeline releasing is effected via the
large cross section.

small cross section

A = 0.003 in2

Releasing minor amounts

of air:
During operation of a pipeline releasing is effected via
the small cross section.

Aerating:
During draining of
a pipeline aeration
is effected via the
large cross section.

Closing:
After venting the
valve closes automatically.

3.1.2 Functioning of H-TEC air valve Model 986:

(This valve is also installed in air valve set Model 985)
Medium: potable water and waste water
A = 0.744 in2

Releasing major amounts

of air:
For filling a pipeline the
whole venting cross
section is available.

A = 0 ..... 0.744 in2

Releasing minor amounts

of air:
During operation of a pipeline the venting cross section will be opened as far
as necessary.

Aerating:
During draining of a
pipeline aeration is
effected via the whole aeration cross section.

Closing:
After venting the valve closes automatically.

Ventilation on highest level for water pipelines

Improved air intake and release capacity

Very high air release during operation
continuously variable from 0 to 250 psi / 16 bar
High-grade materials
Easy maintenance
Excellent UV resistance
Only for air release or air intake - on request
350 psi / PN 25 - on request

Air release capacity during pipeline filling

Air release during operation

The air release capacity is 106.000 gal/h even at a differential pressure of 1.45 psi / 0,1 bar

The air release capacity over 26.500 gal/h even at a

differential pressure of 29 psi / 2 bar

Air release capacity Q (m3/h)

Air release capacity Q (m3/h)

HaVent , the new performance generation

Differential pressure (bar)

Differential pressure (bar)

Aeration of pipeline
The air intake capacity is approx. 79.500 gal/h at a
negative pressure of -1.45 psi / -0,1 bar

Air intake capacity (m3/h)

Negative pressure (bar)

Possible connections
Female thread 2
Male thread 2
Flange 4
Flange other nominal width on request!

Technical features

Large outlet cross section for maximum air release

and intake capacity during pipeline filling or draining
A = 2.3 in2

Large air release cross section for reliable air release

during operation
Amax. = 0.3 in2

High-grade enclosure of aluminium

Robust float of foamed plastics

Flow control for optimized closing

Valve mechanism

No loose components

Can be taken out in one piece

Easy cleaning

Easy exchange of wear parts

if required

4.

Types of Air Valves

4.1

Model 987 - Air Valve (single orifice / double orifice)

Technical data:

NP 2

NP 1

Test pressure (body)

body 350 psi / 24 bar

body 350 psi / 24 bar

Operating pressure

standard: 14.5-250 psi / 0,8 - 17.2 bar

alternative: 1.5 - 87 psi

standard: 11.6 - 250 psi

alternative: 1.5 - 87 psi

Opening cross section

1.448 in2 / 0.003 in2

0.003 in2

Max. air release capacity

50.190 gal/h

2.377 gal/h

Connection

female thread 2 or flange

female thread 1

Insect protective grid

yes

no

Weight

5.1 lbs / 2,35 kg

1.65 lbs / 0.75 kg

Materials:
Body
Seat
Float
Valve gasket
UV cap
Insect protective grid

POM
CuZn35Pb3As
POM
EPDM
PE
ss316
NPT 2: for large amounts of air

NPT 1: for small amounts of air

On request: valve with ventilate-function only

4.2

Model 986 - Air Valve (with cup seal)

Features:

Technical data:
Test pressure (body)

body 350 psi / 24 bar

infinitely variable

Operating range

0 -250 psi / 0 16 bar

operation from 0 bar onward

Opening cross section

0.75 in2 / 480 mm2

seat not in contact with the medium

Max. air release capacity

230 m3/h / 60.760 gal/h

suitable for parallel operation

Connection

female thread 2 or Flange 2 - 8

large orifice
= prevents contamination

other flanges on request

Media

raw and potable water

domestic and industrial waste water

Large amounts of air

Materials:
fluidized bed epoxy
powder coated
alternatively SS 316

can be released under

Body nut with screen

POM / 1.4301

variable operation!

Float

POM

Valve body - bonnet

POM

O-ring 160 x 6

NBR

Body

Outlet elbow with strainer PE 100 / SS 316

= high air release capacity even under

operating pressure

operating pressure
due to infinitely

4.3

Model 992 and Model 985 Air Valve Set

4.3.1 Description of Air Valve Set, Model 992

Medium: potable water

hood with air vent slots

Description of Air Valve Set Model 985 (diaphragm)

Medium: potable water and waste water

cover

additional elongated holes permit

shortening by 100 mm

chamber cylinder

stand pipe of stainless steel replaces

the chamber and permits easy maintenance of the air valve
air valve
insect protective grid
operating rod
H-TEC 2 air valve
high-grade materials such as POM
for the body, bronze for the seats and
EPDM for sealings ensure corrosion
resistance and permanent function
(maintenance see item 6.)

shut-off facility with blank

of stainless steel

drain-off fitting (optional:

can be
closed via end fitting)

automatic shut-off function via initial

spring tension ensures sealing even
at 0 psi

BAIO spigot end 3 or

flange 3

drain-off fitting

Both Air Valve Sets are available with flange 3 or BAIO spigot end. When using a BAIO spigot end please apply a dirt cover and
locking ring (see specification of accessories).

4.3.2 Installation above and below ground

An Air Valve Set can be installed both above ground
and below ground. The above ground type will be used
wherever the valve shall be installed in open terrain.

above ground

below ground

Pipe cover depth:

Above ground
(PCD)
2.5 ft / 0,75 m
3.3 ft / 1,00 m
4.1 ft / 1,25 m
4.9 ft / 1,50 m

Below ground
(PCD)
3.3 ft / 1,00 m
4.1 ft / 1,25 m
4.9 ft / 1,50 m
5.7 ft / 1,75 m

L
Flange
2.5 ft / 755 mm
3,5 ft / 1055 mm
4.3 ft / 1305 mm
5.1 ft / 1555 mm

L
Spigot end
2.7 ft / 815 mm
3.7 ft / 1115 mm
4.5 ft / 1365 mm
5.3 ft / 1615 mm

5.

Rating of valve size

5.1 Rating of valve size

In general, there are no limits to the pipeline diameter for operational air release. However, the accumulating
amounts of air of a pipeline must be considered. They must not exceed the values specified in the flow diagram.
As regards the required valve sizes and/or the free flow cross sections thereof the diagrams and calculations are based on the following assumptions:
a) Release during filling of a pipeline:
- The maximum water hammer during closing of the Air Valve is limited to 44psi/3 bar (which is equivalent
to a max. flow rate of 10 inch/s in the pipeline)
- The propagation rate of the pressure surges in the pipeline is assumed to be a = 4000 ft/s
- The maximum flow rate in the free flow cross section of the Air Valve is limited to VE = 65 ft/s, since an excessive flow rate of the air might tear along the float of the Air Valve, thus closing the valve before the venting
process proper.
b) Aeration during drainage of a pipeline:
- The absolute pressure in the pipeline is limited: pR = 13.8 psi/0,95 bar (= negative pressure of 0.7 psi 0,05 bar)
- The contraction and friction value of the Air Valve is: = 0,52

Diagram 1: Filling the pipeline

Diagram 2: Draining the pipeline

required venting cross section A [ mm 2 ]

100

200

300

400

600

900

2000

18

40

inside diameter di
of pipeline di [ mm ]

100

200

300
400
500

10

14

max. adm. flow in the pipeline Q [ l / s ]

Example of rating an Air Valve:

For a pipeline with an inside diameter of d i = 12 the required size of the Air Valve shall be determined.
Filling the pipeline:
According to diagram 1 the free flow cross section in the air valve of a pipeline of di = 12 must be
at least 0.14 sq.inch. The flow in the pipeline must not exceed 4.8 gal/s.
Draining the pipeline:
According to diagram 2 the max. admissible flow on drainage of the pipeline is 11 gal/s at a free flow cross
section in the valve of 0.14 sq.inch.

This means that the H-TEC Air Valve Model 987 2 (A = 960 mm2) is able to manage the accumulating amount
of air for aerating and/or draining of a pipeline do 12 under the specified assumptions.
Since the above calculation may not be perfectly adapted to any pipe pressure situation possibly prevailing we
recommend a comprehensive hydraulic calculation*. If, during filling of a pipelines, even larger amounts of air

10

must be expected, air release may also be performed manually. In this case a flushing and water tapping set is
installed in the H-TEC Air Valve Set. However, other air release devices such as hydrants, may be used, too.

5.2 Rating according to the flow performance diagram

The following diagram shows the interrelation between air release and aeration capacity of the valve at a given
overpressure / negative pressure in the valve.

Explanation by way of examples:

a) Air release capacity of AV 1 at 73 psi /
5 bar: 1.590 gal/h
b) Air release capacity of AV 987 2 at
0.7 psi / 0,05 bar: 47.500 gal/h

c) Air release capacity of AV 987 2 at 73 psi / 5 bar:

2.000 gal/h (as the big orifice is closed because of the air
flow)
d) Air intake capacity of AV 987 2: 145.300 gal/h

11

6.

Installation
The points of installation are usually the relative or absolute high points of the pipeline. Because of the regular
checks that are necessary they shall be easily accessible and not be situated in highly frequented traffic areas. However, the correct place of installation is more important (e.g. high point).

6.1 Design of the connection

The nominal width of the supply line shall be as large as possible and should be equivalent to at least the valve size. This pipeline should run vertical from the pipeline to the valve. The dimension of the upstream shut-off
valve, too, should be equivalent to at least the valve size. The largely dimensioned supply line to the valve serves the purpose of collecting the air carried along with the water from the main line at this point to be then
discharged by the valve.
For pipelines < 24 a sufficiently dimensioned
ventilation chamber is required. Unless determined
more precisely the ventilation chamber can be regarded as sufficiently dimensioned if its constructional
height is equivalent to the diameter of the pipeline
and its cross section is approximately half the cross
section of the pipeline.
Moreover, a central shut-off facility, a tee with air release and air intake facility and a lateral outlet for
manual air intake and release as well as for depressurization before working at the air valve are required.
The shut-off valve permits the installation and dismantling of the air release and intake facility as well
as the manual air release facility without interruption
of operation. Functional testing of the air intake and
release facility and/or the floats and the manual air
release facility with closed shut-off valve are possible. This shut-off valve must remain closed during
pressure testing (see page 15).

1
2
3

1
2
3

air valve
manual air release facility
shut-off facility

Warning:
Prior to installation of an Air Valve the pipeline must be flushed, since dirt and drilling chips might affect
tightness (see also flushing and water tapping set).

6.2 Air Valves in plants and manholes

Air Valves are installed in rooms or manholes. Inside
the buildings care must be taken that the opening is
sufficiently large to ensure an unobstructed flowing
in and out of the air. By means of the integrated fine
screen vermin and dirt are prevented from getting into
the valve. As regards the design of the building care
shall be taken that the residual water carried along
in the process of air release can be discharged via a
drainage device (drainage element).

Warning:
Prior to entering manholes make sure that sufficient fresh air is admitted!

12

6.3 H-TEC Air Valve Set, the logical further development of the air valve
Advantages of H-TEC air valve set:
low costs
integrated shut-off element

no access of manhole required

maintenance work easy and time-saving

No danger because of access to manhole!

Conventional manhole

H-TEC Air Valve Set

6.4 Shortening of Air Valve Set Model. 992 on site

Both the above ground and the below ground version
of the Air Valve Set may require shortening on site because of unexpected changes of the pipe cover depth.
According to the drawing the operating tube (with the
marking) and the stand pipe of stainless steel are cut
by 4. Make sure to produce a straight cut edge.

6.5 Installation in existing manholes

Air Valve Sets can also be installed in existing manholes. They are mounted on the pipeline instead of the old air
valve. The manhole is backfilled with bulk material, thus avoiding future maintenance of the manhole. Moreover,
the valve can be installed and dismantled from above for testing and maintenance.

bulk
material

13

6.6

Installation in ground water

If rising ground water exceeds the level of the drainoff fitting dirty water may be sucked into the pipeline
during aeration. The drain-off fitting must be closed or
a back flow preventer must be installed. (This is not
included in the standard scope of supply and must
be ordered separately). In both cases it must be ensured by regular inspection of the Air Valve Set that
no groundor rain water can accumulate in the
Air Valve Set. If required,the water must be pumped
out by means of a handpump.

Warning: Penetrating ground or rain water may be

sucked into the pipeline in case of negative pressure.
Contamination and germs may be carried in.

6.7

Installation in flood areas

In flood areas the length of the AVS shall be rated such
that the hood with the air vent slots is approx 1.5 ft
above the water level to be expected to prevent any
dirty water from penetrating the Air Valve Set.
The drain-off fitting must be closed. (This is not included in the standard scope of supply and must
be prepared on site).
Warning: Penetrating ground or rain water may be
sucked into the pipeline in case of negative pressure.
Contamination and germs may be carried in.

6.8

For waste water in ground water areas

The drain-off fitting must be closed, e.g. by means of
a pipe and end fitting, to prevent waste water from
emerging into the soil.

14

6.9

For water treatment plants

Automatic air release at the surge tank after water
treatment with compressed air.

ARV
surge tank

For dimensioning, please consider the maximum air

release amount at the given operating pressure of the
Air Valve (see diagram).

compressed air
from compressor

Because of its high air release capacity under operating pressure the valve Model 986 is best suited for
this application.

6.10

For sterilization plants

In water sterilization plants the water is exposed to UV
light. In this process air is set free that must be
released at the highest point of the radiation plant.

6.11

ARV

radiation
cylinder

Upstream and Air Valve downstream of controlvalves

Control valves are very sensitive to airlocks in water.
Therefore, depending on the operational conditions, it
may be necessary to install an air release valve
upstream of the control valve to ensure smooth
operation.
In this case a mere air release valve is recommended that is created by installing a
nonreturn valve into the output pipe of the Air Valve
(please order separa-tely).
Warning: This nonreturn valve will reduce air release capacity!
As at all throttle points in the pipeline system, air is set free downstream of control valves. Ideally, this air shall
be removed from the pipeline while still in the manhole or building where the control valve is installed.
Especially downstream of pipe fracture safety valves an aeration facility must be installed to prevent negative
pressure as well as consequential damage to the pipelines caused by such negative pressure.

6.12

In fire extinguishing systems

In fire extinguishing systems pumps are used that ensure sufficient delivery in case of emergency. These
pumps will drag air into the pipeline that has to be removed again at the nearest high point.

Before installation, please observe the applicable

national regulations.

15

6.13 Upstream and downstream of reductions

a) Upstream of reductions in the pipeline system, i.e.
upstream of major contractions, air will accumulate
that is not carried on (see curves for self-venting
of pipelines. The Air Valve releases the
accumulated air automatically.
b) In case of flow from the smaller to the larger
pipeline, too, venting may be necessary, e.g. for a
descending pipeline, if the rate for self-venting is
not reached.

6.14

On waste water head pipes with automatic aeration

In some situations it is necessary to blow air into the pressure line via a compressor or pressure tank at regular
intervals, in addition to normal pumping.
In these cases we recommend the use of an air release stop, which is mounted at delivery (also possible later
when already installed) on the valve outlet elbow. During normal pumping the air
release stop is out of action. If, however, very high air quantities are supplied to the
pressure line via a compressor or pressure tank,then the air release stop responds
mechanically and closes the valve. After scavenging (air), the valve goes back to its
normal operating state.
For more detailed information please contact our applications engineering department.

6.15

On waste water vacuum pipes

In waste water vacuum pipes only air release valves may be used. To this end a nonreturn valve shall be in
stalled at the valve outlet side.
Warning: This nonreturn valve will reduce air release capacity!

6.16 Insulation
Valves installed directly on the main line are not very susceptible to freezing, since the water in the valve is
heated by the water flowing in the main line. However, in case that an offset installation is necessary, i.e. in
case of installation beside the main line, there is the danger of freezing.
In this case both the supply line to the valve and the valve proper must be insulated. The valve in the Air Valve Set
is protected from frost by inserting a disk cut to size and consisting of insulating material of approx. 2 in
thickness with a hole in the centre (see drawing) is inserted halfway up the stand pipe. This disk must
not seal tightly to ensure that air release and intake are not inhibited (approx. 10 holes with a diameter of 0.4 inch).
The Air Valve in the manhole is protected from frost by lining the manhole walls and the manhole cover with insulating material (see drawing b).
In case of waste water valves, too, insulation may be sensible. Though there is usually no danger of freezing, the
depositing of grease at the wall of the Air Valve will be increased by temperature differences.

16

Drawing a

Drawing b

approx. 10 mm

insulation

insulation

Air Valves installed in the open, for example below bridges, must also be insulated to be frost-resistant. In
this case, insulation may be effected, for example, by backfilling the surface box with polystyrene chips. To
discharge splash water a drainage pipe leading from the Air Valve into the open must be installed.

7.

Pressure testing
Prior to delivery H-TEC air valves are tested, including functional testing at max. operating
pressure and body testing at 1,5 times the operating pressure.
Prior to pressure testing of pipelines with Air Valve Set and/or Air Valve Sets the shut-off device must be clo-
sed, otherwise the pipeline may be vented during the pressure test, rendering the result of the
pressure test useless.
AV:

Close shut-off device upstream of the valve.

AVS 992:

Take Air Valve out of the Air Valve Set the integrated shut-off device of the set closes
automatically.

AVS 985:

Close shut-off device by means of half turn.

17

8.

Functional testing and maintenance

8.1 Reasons for maintenance

Almost all potable waters and waste waters carry along suspended particles and tend to sedimentation. In
waste water there are also grease deposits and larger foreign bodies accumulating in the Air Valve. To avoid
malfunctions caused by dirt Air Valves must be checked and maintained, if necessary, at regular intervals.
8.2 Maintenance intervals
H-TEC recommends regular checks of Air Valves for potable water are demanded at least every 12 months.
The exact maintenance interval depends on the quality of the water. The first maintenance will be done after
3 to 6 months after start-up and serves as a first reference value for further testing intervals.
In case of waste water the maintenance intervals must be adapted to the conditions of the pipeline. Usually,
the first Air Valves of a series of several valves are contaminated most heavily. There are no generally applicable rules for maintenance intervals.
8.3 Important maintenance work
This information leaflet can show only the most important steps of maintenance. Please follow our maintenance instructions and comply with the safety hints.
Prior to working at air valves the valve must be shut off via gate valve and unpressurized via an appropriate
valve. Air valves represent one of the few automatic connections between the pipeline system and the ambience. Therefore, they have to be checked at regular intervals. (see also [2]).
8.3.1 Maintenance of Air Valve Set Model 992

Pull out valve by means

of operating tube

Simultaneously the foot

valve closes the system
at the bottom

Open surface box

Loosen screw b

Loosen screw a

Take off hood

Take out spindle

support c

Maintenance of Air Valve 2:

- Clean body and seats
- Blow out valve bore by means of compressed air
(see also sectional view item 3.1.1)

0
45

15
30

Maintenance of Air Valve 1:

- Screw out seat and blow through
- Clean valve seal
(see also sectional view item 3.1.1)
On start-up of the valve once again (perform above steps in reverse order) venting must be clearly audible (loud
hiss) during screwing in of the spindle support. Otherwise the procedure has to be repeated.

18

8.3.2 Maintenance of Air Valve Set Model 985

All maintenance and service work can be done from the road surface, thus avoiding the dangers involved with
entering manholes.
The Air Valve can be flushed without being dismantled via the two flushing ports (5a / 5b). To this end hoses must
be connected to the two flushing ports (5a / 5b) in such a way that the inside pressure is released safely after
opening the ball valves (4 / 6). Flushing is performed by passing water from 5a to 5b, possibly adding some cleaning agent.
If there are any foreign bodies in the valve that cannot be flushed out via the bottom flushing orifice, the valve
should be dismantled, opened, and the foreign body be removed. To this end proceed as follows:
1. Take off the cover (1) from the chamber cylinder (2).
Close the shut-off valve by means of the offset operating tube (3) by a half turn (clockwise). The operating
tube must be offset by 180 before!
Warning: Even after closing the shut-off valve the
air valve is pressurized, therefore open the ball valve (4) on the lateral flushing pipe carefully and only
after mounting a hose at the flushing port provided for
this purpose (5b). Discharge any emerging waste water safely. Dismantle the 3/2-way ball valve (6). To this
end loosen the screwed union.

5a
6
5b

11

2
10

2. Pull the operating tube (3) upward and out of the air
valve set. Turn the valve (7) counterclockwise until the
bayonet coupling (8) is loosened. Pull the valve upward and out of the chamber cylinder (2) at the two
eye bolts (9) by means of a suitable lifting tool. Any
residual water is discharged via the drainage device.
If this is not desired, install an end fitting (13) and
pump out the chamber.

3. Open the body screws (10). Clean the valve inside

(use a cleaning solution, if required, in case of persistent dirt, let the agent work itself in for a while, before cleaning by means of a brush). Screw the valve
bonnet (11) back on again, making sure that the toroidal sealing ring is fitting properly. Prior to installation
of the Air Valve clean all sealing surfaces.

12

4. Put the valve (7) onto the bayonet coupling from above and lock it clockwise. Put the 3/2-way ball valve (6)
back in place and tighten the screwed unions
manually until the connections are tight. Put on the
operating tube (3). Close the ball valve of the lower
flushing orifice (4). Slowly open the shut-off valve (12)
below the air valve (counterclockwise). After opening
offset the operating tube again by 180 (safety function against automatic unlocking of the Air Valve).
Visual inspection of all connections and flushing orifices.

13

19

9.

Specification

9.1 Air Valves

Air Valves Model 987
Specification: Air Valve For Water Service ( #987; 1 )
The valve shall be a combination air/vacuum single
orifice automatic air release valve with 1 connection
to the pipeline. The valve shall be of corrosion free
materials, single orifice for allow air to escape and
enter in the event of a vacuum condition. The valve
shall be of one piece body design. Body and float
shall be Delrin (Polyoximethylene, POM). The seat
and valve plug made of CuAl10. The valve sealing is
rubber made of EPDM. The valve shall have a protection cap of PE.
Air and vacuum valves shall be manufactured by Hawle

Air Valve for Sewage ans Water Service 986

Specification:
Combination Air Valves shall conform to the following:
Automatic Air and Vacuum Valves shall be infinitely
variable automatic air and vacuum valves designed
to allow escape of air for a operating range starting
from pressure range: 0,0 through 250 psi ( 0 17,2
bar ), close watertight when liquid enters the valve
even when the fluid is rising without pressure ( no
minimum operating pressure required), allow air to
enter in the event of a vacuum, and soft working behavior as water hammer inhibition realized by roll-on
diaphragm and spring mechanism. When the sealing
device of the valve is closed an air cushion is trapped
between the fluid and sealing area, a mud deflector made of PE allows no contact between fluid and
sealing area. The valve body and spindle spring shall
be stainless steel grade 316Ti, designed to facilitate
disassembly for cleaning and maintenance. The float
shall be Delrin ( Polyoximethylene, POM ); the valve
seat and all working parts shall be of corrosion resistant materials. Valves shall be equipped with the necessary attachments, including ball valve, to permit
back flushing after installation without dismantling
the valve. Valves shall be recommended by the manufacturer for wastewater service.
Air and vacuum valves shall be manufactured by Hawle.

20

Specification: Air Valve For Water Service ( #987; 2 )

The valve shall be a combination air/vacuum double
orifice automatic air release valve with 2 connection
to the pipeline. The valve shall be of one piece body
design. The internal parts shall have a small orifice
within tripod for small air discharge and a big orifice
within bonnet of base housing for main air discharge
and allow air to enter in the event of a vacuum condition. The material of the body and the flow shall be
Delrin ( Polyoximethylene, POM ). The valve sealing
is rubber made of EPDM. The valve shall have a protection cap of PE.
Air and vacuum valves shall be manufactured by Hawle

9.2 Air Valve sets

Automatic Air Valve Set ( #992 ) Valve with Shaft for
Underground Installation

Air Valve Set for Operating Range 0 250 psi /

0 17,2 bar ( #985 )

Automatic air valve with standpipe of stainless steel

(replacing a shaft), BAIO spigot end or flanged connection drilled, of Ductile Iron (GJS-400), high-quality
corrosion protection by fluidized bed epoxy powder
coating inside and outside. The valve shall be a combination air/vacuum double orifice automatic air
release valve. The valve shall be of one piece body
design. The internal parts shall have a small orifice
within tripod for small air discharge and a big orifice
within bonnet of base housing for main air discharge
and allow air to enter in the event of a vacuum condition. The material of the body and the flow shall be
Delrin ( Polyoximethylene, POM ). The valve sealing
is rubber made of EPDM. Standpipe of stainless steel
suitable for above ground and underground installation, standpipe with drain-off fitting.
Air and vacuum valves shall be manufactured by
Hawle.

Automatic Air and Vacuum Valves shall be infinitely

variable automatic air and vacuum valves designed
to allow escape of air for a operating range starting
from pressure range: 0,0 through 250 psi ( 0 17,2
bar ), close watertight when liquid enters the valve
even when the fluid is rising without pressure ( no
minimum operating pressure required), allow air to
enter in the event of a vacuum, and soft working
behaviour as water hammer inhibition realized by
roll-on diaphragm and spring mechanism. When the
sealing device of the valve is closed an air cushion is
trapped between the fluid and sealing area, a mud
deflector made of PE allows no contact between fluid
and sealing area. The valve body and spindle spring
shall be stainless steel grade 316Ti, designed to facilitate disassembly for cleaning and maintenance.
The float shall be Delrin ( Polyoximethylene, POM );
the valve seat and all working parts shall be of corrosion resistant materials. Valves shall be equipped
with the necessary attachments, including ball valve,
to permit back flushing after installation without dismantling the valve. Valves shall be recommended by
the manufacturer for wastewater service.
The air valve set is provided with a PE shaft replacing a manhole, a shut-off device with a steel plate
of hard-rolled stainless steel and straight-through
bore when open, two maintenance outlets with hose
connection and ball valve, lateral outlet for waste air
with PE elbow as swivelling device equipped with
additional protection grid, drain-off fitting at the shaft
bottom. After closing the shut-off device by integrated operating tool and removal of the upper ball valve
the air valve can be taken out of the shaft for maintenance purposes. Valves shall be recommended by
the manufacturer for wastewater service.
Air and vacuum valves shall be manufactured by
Hawle

21

Air Valve Set Model 985 with spigot end

Air Valve Set Model 985 with flange
Air Valve Set Model 985 with PE tail
Medium: raw and potable water, domestic and industrial waste water
Operating range: 0 16 bar
Component 80

Material

1 Spigot end 80

GGG 40, fluidized bed epoxy powder coated

2 Shut-off facility

GGG 40, fluidized bed epoxy powder coated

3 Air Valve

steel, St. 37
fluidized bed epoxy powder coated

4 Chamber cylinder

PE

5 Cover

PE

6 Three-way ball valve PVC

7 Hose coupling

PA 6 GF 25

8 Ball valve

stainless steel

9 Operating rod

square steel St. 37

fluidized bed epoxy powder coated

10 Bottom plate

sheet steel St. 37

fluidized bed epoxy powder coated

11 Drain-off fitting

GGG 40, fluidized bed epoxy powder coated

Accessories
12 End fitting
(please observe surcharge!)
13 Manhole cover
Manhole ring

POM

GGG 40, bituminized

GG 24, bituminized

Drawing representing Air Valve Set with BAIO spigot end 3

22

23

Automatic Air Valve Set Model 992 with spigot end

Automatic Air Valve Set Model 992 with flange
Automatic Air Valve Set Model 992 with PE tail
Medium: potable water
Operating pressure: 14.5 - 250 PSI (0,1 6 bar) and 1.5 - 87 PSI (0,1 - 6 bar)
Component

Material

1.1

Inlet flange

GGG 40

1.2.1

Fitting

GGG 40

1.2.2

O-ring

NBR

1.2.3

Grip ring

POM

1.3

O-ring

NBR

1.4

Sealing flange

Rg 7

1.5

Foot valve

POM

1.6

Spring case

MS 58

1.7

Pressure spring

stainless steel

1.8

Hexagon screw M 10 x 35 DIN 933

stainless steel

2.1

Bonnet

POM

2.2

O-ring

NBR

2.3

Seat

CuZn35Pb3As / EPDM

2.3.1

Hexagon screw

stainless steel

2.4

Locking plate

stainless steel

2.5

Locknut

MS 58

2.6.1

Bottom part of body

POM

2.6.2

Air valve support

POM

2.7.1

Float bottom part

POM

2.7.2

Ballast

EPDM

2.7.3

Float top part

POM / EPDM

2.7.4

Sealing screw

stainless steel

2.7.5

Fan type lock washer

stainless steel

2.8.1

Sealing cover

POM

2.8.2

Seat for sealing cover

EPDM

2.8.3

O-ring

NBR

2.9

O-ring

NBR

2.10

Hexagon nut

stainless steel

2.11

Washer

stainless steel

2.12

Hexagon socket bolt

stainless steel

2.13

O-ring

NBR

2.14

Insect protective grid

stainless steel

Operating tube

stainless steel

Centring cap

GGG 400

4.1

Hexagon screw M 8 x 10 DIN 931

stainless steel

Stand pipe

stainless steel

Lock ring

GGG 40

Hexagon bolt M 16 x 50 DIN 931

stainless steel

Hexagon nut M 16 DIN 934

stainless steel

Washer

stainless steel

10

Sealing

EPDM

11

Cover

EPDM

12

Spindle support

GGG 40

13

Operating screw

Ms 58

14

Hood

PE

15

Hexagon screw M 8 x 60 DIN 931

stainless steel

16

Washer

stainless steel

17

Drain pipe

PE

The following abbreviations are used:

AV = air valve
AVS = air valve set
ARV = air release valve

17

Edition September 2009- Subject to change

1700 Enterprise Way, Suite 116 Marietta, GA 30067 Phone +1 770-818-0670 Fax: +1 770-818-0671