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VICKY AGUSTINA
STUDENT ID : 37-146948

ZERO ENERGY BUILDING PROJECT IN INDONESIA

STUDY CASE : PERTAMINA ENERGY TOWER
A report for Prof. Ryoozo Ooka's lecture

A. THE PROJECT

figure 1. pavilion, tower, mosque (left to right)

source : SOM

Pertamina Energy Tower is an under construction project designed by the architectural

and engineering firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM) for the Indonesian state-owned energy
company, Pertamina. Sided by an exhibition pavilion, a mosque, and a central energy plant this
commercial and office use building project is located at Jakarta, Rasuna Epicentrum neighborhood
and the completion year will be anticipated in 2021. The tower itself designed with 99 stories and 523
meters tall will make the Pertamina Energy Tower the tallest tower in Indonesia. Even so this project
is not about to show the tallness, SOM stated that this tower is about the world's first super tall tower
for which energy is the primary driver. SOM hope that in the development it will reduce water
demand and targeting zero energy while generating 25 percent energy from renewable resources and
reducing carbon dioxide emission by 26 percent by 2021. This project will work not only with abroad
companies but also will be involving local companies in the project as consultants and also work on
the project's central energy generator.

B. ZERO ENERGY BUILDING

Definition of Zero Energy Building is a building that consumes zero or nearly zero
energy on an annual basis by reducing primary energy consumption in the building through
enhanced energy efficiency performance of the building envelop an facilities, networking of
neighboring buildings, on-site utilization of renewable energy and so on.
This Pertamina energy Tower is trying to use the potential resorces around the site,

capture it by building attributes while the central energy plant will serve as the energy, centre
place which energy and services will be distributed

1. SUSTAINABILITY ENERGY
WIND ENERGY
Wind energy is processed by wind to generated mechanical power or
electricity. It took advantaged of the wind flows when captured by wind turbine..
The wind turbine will convert the kinetic energy into mechanical energy that can
be use for spesific task or conver it into electricity. This energy resource is
unlimited and unpolluted resources but it's required high place where the storng
wind flows. On the top of the tower crown, inside the wind tunnel lies couples of
modified Darrieus vertical-axis design wind turbines . Tower's form and west east orientation captures majority of the wind and turns the blades, which is spin
the shaft that connected to generator. The 523 meter height of the tower also
prevailing winds and increased the wind speed.

figure 2. wind energy scheme and wind tunnel section

source : SOM

SOLAR ENERGY
Jakarta is located in equator which is has plenty of sunlight. Therefore
solar is big resource for renewable energy. Maximally captures the heat, a series
of photovoltaic are installed on the roof of walking pedestrian canopy, they called
it ribbon energy. Covering the walkway that provides sun and rain protection and
generates energy through photovoltaics along its roof surface, links the campus,
spanning across land bridges and gardens to create an array of accessible
public spaces (figure 5.).

MOSQU
E
TOWER
ENERG
Y
PLANT
PAVILLIO
NE
figure 3. Ribbon energy (blue line)
source : SOM

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
Geothermal energy taking advantage from the heat that produced

inside the earth. Area with active volcanoes and seismicly active have the
highest underground temprature. Being included in ring of fire, Indonesia
with 40 percent of world's geothermal resources, it has great potential for
tapping energy from the ground. This project trying to use that potential by
tapping the ground heat up to 4000 meters below the ground.

figure 5. geothermal tapping approaches

source: http://www.ucsusa.org/
Basically there are three basic approaches for geothermal power
plants (figure 5.), dry system, flash system, and binary cycle

[1].

All this

system has same principle; pull hot water and steam from the ground, use it,
and then return it as warm water to prolong the life of the heat source. The

choice of approach is determined by resource. However what approach they

will use in this project is still in consideration due to measuring the source.
2. EFFICIENCY ENERGY
PASSIVE COOLING
Concept of passive cooling as overall can be reducing the solar
[1] http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/our-energy-choices/renewable-energy/how-geothermal-energyradiation entering the building, minimize heat penetrating the building,
works.html#.VbWO7_mqqkp

maximaze daylighting, and heat dissipation. This approach's aim is

improving the indoor thermal comfort level with low or zero energy
consumption

figure n4. passive cooling scheme

source : SOM

The Mosque's concept basically it have to be facing toward where

Mecca is, which is west oriented. This is the advantage that being use to
do the passive cooling. Big ventilation with shading screen on the west
and east part of the building, should be able to engage cross ventilation
while shading screen on the south and north building for prevent heat and
glare over penetrate in to the interior.

OPTIMIZED SOLAR SHADING

In tropical climates, exterior sun shading often work well both reduce
the heat gain and difussing the light before penetrate into the interior of
the building.

[2]

Beside the Mosque, other buildings such as pavillion and

the tower are equipped with dynamic shaped solar shading. Folowing the
sun movement, the shadings are put on the appropriate orientation to
maximize the benefit.
[2] http://www.wbdg.org/resources/naturalventilation.php

figure 6. solar shading

source : SOM

C. SUMMARY
Pertamina Energy Tower is an under construction project designed by the architectural
and engineering firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM) for the Indonesian state-owned energy
company, Pertamina. This project's aim is a tower which energy is the primary driver. Therefore, all
energy potential resources on the site are try to be captured by this office-commercial block, from
wind power, solar energy to geothermal. Also for zero energy building purpose, this project try to
minimizing appliance usage by develop th passive cooling system and optimized solar shading. SOM
hope that in the development it will reduce water demand and targeting zero energy while generating
25 percent energy from renewable resources and reducing carbon dioxide emission by 26 percent by
2021.

D. REFERENCES
Nancy Owano, 2013; Jakarta's 99-story Pertamina tower makes energy key design
principle, Phys.org
Santamouris, M.; Asimakoupolos, D. 1996. Passive cooling of buildings (1st ed.).
London UK: James & Ja
http://www.som.com/projects/pertamina_energy_tower
http://windeis.anl.gov/guide/basics/
http://www.wbdg.org/resources/daylighting.php
http://www.wbdg.org/resources/naturalventilation.php