Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Exam task
Part
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suppoft Your"0Ptnlons.
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you may, if y4lu,,wish, make use of the opinions expressed in the lecture, but you should
use your owhiwbrds as far as possible'
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)
guidelines:
pay careful attention to the structure you use for your essay. You can follow these
leave the reader in no doubt as to
Title: Always choose an appropriate title. A good essay title should
it should be concise'
impor-tantly,
the topic of the essay. The title should be relevant and,
clearly stating the topic, then
Introduction: your opening paragraph is your introduction. Begin by
Don',t reveal your
provide a brief outline letting the reader know what will be covered in the essay.
your
essay'
of
in the introduction; wait until the main body
own opinions
two of the points provided'
Main body: Remember, your task in this part of the exam is to discuss
you can certainly add to this as long as you do not exceed the limit of 260 words, but don't submit an
how many key points you wish to include'
essay with.fewer than two points dGcussed. Depending on
paragraphs
but, ideally, not more' Dedicate
three
or
two
the main body of your essay can comprise
one paragraPh,to each Point.
you should set out a balanced
conclusion: your final paragraph is your conclusion. This is where
present your own views on the
to
optional
it's
essay,
the
In
summary of the points you-huu* made.
.pi;, uul rr,iJ'ir il;;; vo, rr'ourd state or restate your opinions if you do decide to include them'
An informal register is
) The tone you adopt is important. Typically for an essay, it should be formal.
not appropriate for this part of the exam'
your thoughts before
) Avoid losing focus in the pressurised environment of the exam by organising
Always keep the
readability.
and
clarity
will
ensure
you begin writing. Having a plan in advance
your
essay'
you
write
reader in mind as
Camhridge English: Advanced Writing hank
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Model answer.
Decide on a relevant
thould exams
e ab olished?
The idea thaT, exams Ehould be aboliehed in schools and colleges ie noL
a new one. ln thie eeeay, I will presenV eome of the argumenf'e for and
againslthis suggesf,ion, which reqularly arieesin education reviewe, and
Your opening
sentence should
Firet and foremogt, many ?eo?le feel that exams eeL learners at
an untair dieadvantage. Thie is becauee some sludenf'l - includinq
excellent studenl; - get, very nervous and find it difticult Lo coVe wilh
the
In th.e introduction,
with examples or
additional exPlanations.
and hard work. In spit e of this, it, ie generally agreed thaf' exams are an
imporLant preparation tor life, and we all need io manage sf,rees.
is thought/agreed/
argued that ... for
general oPinions.
exame. The
a es ee
sme
nt
co
ur
ew o
lf possible, include
statistics or quotes to
bring your essay to life.
Introduction :
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abolished)
Another
h e r,, h;ainij,,.;i,ir$j,,i,j
whether ...
Main $edy,
First of all,
Conclusion
To sumiup
Summing uP
ln conclusion,
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It seems clear that
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c after take-off, it 1{lar announced that no food or drinks would be served, not even
mineral water.
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or a letter of
Make sure you ft$1"w how to structure a formal letter, e.g. a letter asking for information
Complaint:
of
letter
a
complaint. You iln'follow these guidelines for
Opening
..,.
Main body
I am writing to co
I
would like to ex
ss my dissatisfaction
of ...
,';
about...
O-n
(date)'l purch
ou"rl... ''
l,was apPalled to
tibad enough,
And; as if that we
To'add insult to in iy, ...
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for ...
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Closing
Yours sincerely, (if you have named the
person,in your opening greeting)
Yours faithfully, (if you have not named the
person in your opening greeting)
>
Model answer
Clearly state
Dear
jir
or Vadam,
am writing
to
17
Continue with
specific details of
the problem.
several hours. While IhiE wag exf,remely fruef,rating in iNself , far worse
was Nhe fact that we were qiven neither an explanation nor an avology
lnclude additional
details that
compounded the
Problem.
When one ?asEenqer travelling wiXh a small child made I'he reaEonable
requeetr lo ewir,ch eeate so l,hat she could EiI wif,h her huEband, Nhe
flight aNtendantwae unhelVful and exf'raordinarily rude.)verall, I found
the
crew
Use an appropriate
ending"
Youre faithfully,
John Evans
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Exam task
t2
A
n vvu},rE::
couple of yeaib
yeu ulu
did a Volunteering
volunleerlng AOfOOCI:pr0gramme
v('"jll1g.,
Abroad programme in SOUth
south AfriCa.
Afri
ig aes^o you
YOUr
1 /-year-old cougili Dan, is thinking of doing the
same thing and has written to you
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ackinn
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asking
- about it. i
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The anim{l conservation work you did sounds interesting can you tell me a
bit more afi,out it, for example, which animals,did you work with? I definitely
hope to dd l'a lot of travelling while I'm there too. Can you suggesr anywhere
I can visit?!jlisunlose what I'm wondering more than anything is whether you
think I'll
efl1tJy
it.
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Thanks, PriFtt
Dan
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Approach
lj
The structure o,f ari informal email is less prescribed than a formal
email or letter. see the useful phrases section
b,elow for appi6;friate opening and closing expressions. The
main body of your email can be structured as you
ctloose, but kedP related points together, include linking wordd and phrases
and use paragraphs to break up the
te)d.
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r Model answer
informal
Use a casual, informal
opening greeting.
HiDan,
ThankEforyouremai|;itwagrea||ygrea|tohearfrorryouyeeterday|
gouth Africa.l've juetbeen
I'm so gladyou'rei'hinking about goingto
I did that v olunNeering
when
kept
|
reading through the travel diary
Acknowledge
the email you're
replying to.
AbroadwoqrammeandEomanymemoriegcamef|oodingback.
Ii
I w as giv en
with a brilliant team who tr acked Nhe anim,alE in the bush.
using
collection
data
and
thorouqh t raininq in animal idenlification
g to g e e
azin
am
e|y
ul
o|
ab
e
itr'
e
an,
D
ev|y,
g
n
e
H
o
nt',
m
e
|h e r e e a r ch e quil
it', and
these magniticenf, animals in their naf'ural habitat' I really loved
your
Ithink youwouldf'oo'
lf
you'dlike
moredezai|g'Theaccommodat'ionisgharedandpreNtybaEic,bui
trravel andhave fun.
Don't be afraid to
elaborate on what
you've been asked; just
keep an eye on Your
word count.
which are
can recommend the epeclacular Drakensberq Mountains,
godwana bay. one
beautiful
and
canyon
River
nearby, and the blyde
. of my friends even travelledto \Aozambiqte.You Ehould do itl
I
af'f'hat'for now'Drop
me
closing exRressioll-
4ake
the offer
o follow uP with
dditional information,
needed.
andDadl
Cheere,Dan,
Use an .PProPriut"l
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F Exam task -
A former colleague has set up her own catering business and has asked for your help
in improving her website. Choose two or three points for imprbvement, focussing
on design, ea$e1;pf use and organisation. Write a proposal eiplaining how your
recommended:changes will make the website more attractive as well as easier for
'bustomers to navigaie.
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Write your proposal.
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Approach
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) A proposal irli$rurrv written in a formal register. Depending on the circumstances "::: in the scenar{oi0ve are using here, for example -thetone could also be semi-formal
typically ne
f3tmal.
some background, a main body made up of the suggestions you are proposing and
a conclusion lruhich sumrparises what you have already said. The main body cin be
structured any riumber of ways, using headings or bulleted lists, for example. You can
always adaptrthe layout to suit the needs of a given proposal as long as your points
are clearly separated, organised and easy for the reader to follow.
) Even
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resist t#e terriOtftion to include too many. lt's better to present a few well-developed
suggestions {ha,h a long list of ideas.
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This issde.could be resolved by ...
The b:enbtit otimaking'th" hange would
i'l',woill al3tioiigii'
reco m m e n d
to be ..:
Taking all these points
consideration, .. .
Having,bpqessed the situation, I believe ,..
Havinl
give this proposal
I trust you
will'oive
vou will
oronosal careful
carefrrl
considei'ation.
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? r o p o s al f or imp r ov em
enls lo th e 0 rd e r i n w eb site
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lntroduction
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in,your introduction.
Li.
Design
thJ
{
Explain *t'.|ut
issue is and how it
can be addressed.
I
I
recommendations are
easy for the reader to
follow.
Ease of use
The whole point, about ease of use ie that every visit or t o your eit e
Ehouldhave a positive user experience, andthere are sornebaeic etreps
you can t ake in thie regard. For example, set the main menu across the
toV of f,he paqe; people do not enioy scrolling down too far.The rule of
thumb here iE'keep il eimpl6'.
Organieation
Good organisation allowe potenf ial cusf.omers to tind whatlhey need
qu ck ly. Curc enlly, the Eite acks a cle ar sNruclur e: it is f,o o clutter ed
and has Ioo many labs preeent'ed in no logical order' Makinq a liEl af
Nhe moet imVorlan| t oVics and decidin7 on a hierarchy f or them will
engure f,hat your key conf,enL is obvious at a glance. My advice would
be to choose the most, popular evenTly?ee, euch as weddinge, part'ies,
i
cor2)ratre evenT'1.
proposal together in
vour conclusion.
Conclusion
To sum up,Nhe iseueE
all
imolemented.
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Write your report.
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) Approach
Approach
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that...
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) The structure .r,ojid,t"ature a title, introduction, main body and ionclusion' You are
but your goa\ should always be
f ree to choose anrilsivte of layout for the main body
c\ar\ty.
'
lii , .,
place names and so on to
examples,
incidents,
yqq
invent
statistics,
your
can
report,
) In
does not sound too
repoft
the
so
that
plausible
data
to
Try
to
stick
your
idelds,
support
unrealistic
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.
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) Most reports ardigntirely neutral, but some also feature the writer's opinion'
your own opinions'
input text to see,{ifiit might be appropriate to includg
s
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Check the
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Opinions vary on the subject of ..'
',
,o
report
Al for ..f : :l
extremely popular'
Conclusigfli,l
,M;;insi6n to .,.
I!,,seemsiwidely
'
.)
Model answer
Think of a
releva;l-
and concise
Break
the report
clear sections
obvious headi
title.
#?V
"t\
lntroduclion
The aim of
in a new
Gettinghere
As
lo c
fo r
What's on offer
)ldhown iE a refreshing mix of old and new, combining eit es of historical
interesf, with excitin7 new events, lI has eomething for everyone, and
Sub-headings help to
categorise different
types of information.
here are
juel
liey
d", points.
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NiOh|life
i
o Check out
book in advance
o Laughter abounds at, the comedy club on Oak Koad, open to the
Vublic on Thursday and F riday nighte.
A brief conclusion
summarises the
Conclusion
From the inf ormatrion provided in this reporl, it is clear that Oldtown
is worLhy of a dedicated chapler in lhe new travel guide.
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report.
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English:
Exam task
Write your
lr Approach
) As always in t[ie Writing paper, study the question and the input text carefully in
order to estab'lish exactly what you are being asked to produce and to decide which
or semi-formal tone
register you should use. Noting the audience here, an informal
!
r""rr appropi'iate in this case.
) In structur.,
:;1.
Be carefrl noii,to submit a basic list of criticisms and praise. lt's important
to deveiop
your idear unfr to support your points with examples in the review. ln other words,
don't simply.fiopmentthat itwas good or bad, say why itwas good or bad.
;..
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Wh{
Apaiiicular we
particu.larh7 appreciate'd
SritiffirV tfisappr
It was an inc
I highly
.".ornt"nd
On ba-ianc e, ::.
tt seemii,to me
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tt.
...
MOClel answer
Choose a suitable
reviewing'
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V'
o
insNrum enf,e and n arnlonies t
rock, which
is
occaEironarly
the
mix, Their
nce that
will
lbeally, Provide
:::
";;3i:ri;';r'"o,ir'*inquestperiormerswhocontributeavarie'vor
m
o open with
llttle background to
lyrice'
sorLenedby pop beate and catchy
v,,thatmadeThursday,econcerr,sucharesoundingsuccegewasthe
choiceotvenue'ClearlyNhielyVeofVlattormsuitef'hem,e1l"'a
gound
Unfort'unat'e|y,the
band with a big eound neeag ),biq,;,n,",
qua|itywag|JooratNhebeqinningoftheirgetbut,Nhiswaequickly
rectified'
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Likeanyqoodfronf'man,|eadeingerAdamE||io|thaeapower*u|etaqe
yi?"";:; Heconnecrswiththecrowdinetantry,drawinqf'hemin
rousinq chorusee'
'rirou'v.ballads
and conduclingNhemin sewiral
to balance Your
itive and negative
V|hatAtmospheremignT,need'otocuEona|i|t|emoreiErehearga|
should have been
gome of r,he eonqs weren't ae righr ae rhey
f,ime.
and]'hebase1|ayercamein|aleafewt,imeg,gti||'r'higdidnolhingao
eP oil f'he ov er all exP erience'
Yourreallyghou|dgoandEee|hisbandatt,hefirsloppofi'uni|y.They
intend No caLcn
no queof ion' and I fully
are deef ined for qreat :')hings'
e I'he cnance'
I
ha'v
Lime
next
them a gain t'he
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Adv'a
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bank 205