BLOOMS TAXONOMY OF

COGNITIVE OBJECTIVES
AND TEST BLUEPRINT

PROF VINCENT PANG

FACULTY OF PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SABAH

STAGES IN MEASUREMENT USING

TESTS/EXAMINATION

Test Planning
oTest blueprint

Test Construction

Item analysis

Item banking

ITEM PLANNING USING TEST

BLUEPRINT

Scope of test

Difficulty levels based on Blooms

Taxonomy

Example of blueprint for subjective test

Evaluation

Synthesis

Analysis

Application

Knowledge

Content

Comprehension

Taxonomy Bloom

Standard Form
Quadratic expressions

1(a)

1(b)

& equation
Sets
Mathematical
Reasoning
The Straight line
Statistics
Probability
Circles

2(a)

2(b)

Example of test blueprint for objective items:

Blooms Taxonomy

Q1, Q3

Quadratic
expressions &

Evaluation

Synthesis

Analysis

Application

Knowledge
Standard Form

Total %

Comprehension

Content

Q4, Q6

4 (17.39%)

Q7, Q9, Q10, Q11,

5 (21.74%)

Q12

equation
Sets

Q2

Mathematical

Q13

Q22

2 (8.7%)

Q18

2 (8.7%)

Reasoning
The Straight line

2 (8.7%)

Q5, Q8

Statistics
Probability

Q14

Q24, Q20

2 (8.7%)

Q16, Q17, Q19,

5 (21.74%)

Q23
Circles
Total

1 (4.35%)

Q15
3 (13.04%)

12 (52.17%)

8 (34.78%)

23 (100%)

BLOOM TAXONOMY FOR COGNITIVE

ACHIEVEMENTS

KNOWLEDGE LEVEL
COMPREHENSION LEVEL
APPLICATION LEVEL
ANALYSIS LEVEL
SYNTHESIS LEVEL
EVALUATION LEVEL

1. KNOWLEDGE LEVEL
is exhibited based on memorisation of previously
learned materials through recalling of facts,
terms, basic concepts and answers.
The most important behavior of the question at
this level is to recall without modification.
Types of question: what, who, when, which
and where.

Action verbs:
Mendefinisi (define),

menghurai (describe),
mengenalpasti (identify),

melabelkan (label),
menyenaraikan (list),

 memadankan (match),

menghafaz (memorize),
menunjukkan (point to),

mengingat kembali (recall)

memilih (select),
menyatakan (state)

2. COMPREHENSION LEVEL
is demonstrated by understanding of facts and
ideas by organizing, comparing, translating,
interpreting, giving descriptions, and stating main
ideas.

Types of question use in this level are explain,

differentiate, compare and to concise.

Action verbs:
Meminda (alter),
mengambilkira (account for),
menganotasi (annotate),
mengira (calculate),
mengubah (change),
menukar (convert),
mengumpul (group),
menerangkan (explain),

mengeneralisasi (generalize),
memberikan contoh (give example),
membuat kesimpulan (infer),
mentafsir (interprete),
memparafrasa (paraphrase),
meramal (predict),
menilai semula (review),
meringkas (summarize),
menterjemah (translate)

3. APPLICATION LEVEL
Ability to solve problems to new situations
by applying acquired knowledge, facts,
techniques and rules in a different way.
students use abstract knowledge to solve
the concrete problem.
The question type is how.

Action verbs:

Mengaplikasi (apply),
menerapkan (adopt),
menghimpun (collect),
mengkonstruk (construct),
mendiagram (diagram),
menemukan (discover),
mengilustrasi (illustrate),

menggunapakai (make use of),

memanipulasi (manipulate),
mengaitkan (relate),
menunjukkan (show),
menyelesaikan (solve),
menggunakan (use)

4. ANALYSIS LEVEL
Ability to break down information into parts to identify
causes.
Make inferences and find evidence to support
generalizations.
separate big ideas into its small component.

The question types for this level are in the form why.

Action verbs:
Menganalisis (analyse),
membanding (compare),
menunjukkan pertentangan / pertentangkan (contrast),
mendiagram (diagram),
membezakan (differentiate),
membedah (dissect),
melihat perbezaan (distinguish),
mengenalpasti (identify),

mengilustrasikan (illustrate),
membuat kesimpulan (infer),
menggariskan (outline),
menunjukkan (point out),
memilih (select),
memisahkan (separate),
mengasingkan (sort),
membahagikan (subdivide)

5. SYNTHESIS LEVEL
Compile information by combining
elements to form a new pattern or
propose alternative solutions.
combine and arrange elements or parts to
build a new one.
Quetion type: how

Action Verbs:
Mengadun (blend),
membina (build),
mengubah (change),
mencantumkan (combine),
mengkompilasi (compile),
mengarang (compose),
menggambarkan (conceive),
mencipta (create),
merekabentuk (design),
membentuk (formulate),

menjana (generate),
menghipotesis (hypothesize),
merancang (plan),
meramal (predict),
mengeluarkan (produce),
menyusun semula (reorder),
menyemak (revise),
memberitahu (tell),
menulis (write)

6. EVALUATION LEVEL

Able to evaluate and consider based on

some criteria.
The specific objective are to evaluate,
consider, and do justification.
The types of question : how far,
evaluate, and what is your opinion.

Active verbs:
menerima (accept)/ menolak (reject),
mentaksir (appraise),
mengukur (assess),
mengabitrasi (arbitrate),
menganugerah (award),
memilih (choose),
menyimpulkan (conclude),
mengkritik (criticize),

 mempertahankan (defend),
menilai (evaluate),
menggred (grade),
mengadili (judge),
mengutamakan (prioritize),
mengesyorkan (recommend),
menimbang (referee),
memilih (select),
menyokong (support)

THANK YOU.