Brain Excitements for the 21st Century and The

Materialistic Mind
14 preguntas

1.
Match the name of the section with the number as plotted in the figure
AIS Axon Initial Segment
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2.
Match the name of the section with the number as plotted in the figure
Myelin

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3.
Match the name of the section with the number as plotted in the figure
The soma - The neuron cell body
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4.

Match the name of the section with the number as plotted in the figure
Node of Ranvier
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5.
Match the name of the section with the number as plotted in the figure
Axonal boutons, Axon nerve ends
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6.
Match the name of the section with the number as plotted in the figure
Dendrite
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7. Action Potentials are the neurons output. Action potentials also known as spikes.
These spikes are:
Binary (digital) representation of the neuronal information; each spike is either "all" ("1") or
"none" ("0")
Analog representation of the neuronal information larger spikes are capable to transmit
more information.
Although very important, we find them in very few nerve cells
Important energy source for the cells

8. Optogenetics is a new scientific method allowing:

Activation (or inactivation) of specific cells (that were manipulated genetically) using light
Simulating very large cortical networks consisting of 104 modeled neurons

Changing the genetic code of neurons while recording from them

Coloring of different cell types with different colors

9. The neuron doctrine based on the work of Ramon y Cajal is a theory suggesting:
The nervous system is constructed from discrete individual cells neurons
The signal between cells passes through chemical synapses
Memories are created and saved in the brain
Action potentials are generated due to the opening of membrane ion channels

10. Choose the answer that corresponds to the correct order of values in A,B,C & D.
A) Number of neurons in the brain
B) Number of axons initial segments per neuron
C) Number of synapses per one neuron
D) Number of boutons (varicosities) per axon

10 ,1,10 ,510
11

510 ,1,10 ,10

3

11

10 ,510 ,10 ,1
4

11

10 ,510 ,10 ,1
11

11. Classification of neurons may be done using

Select all the right answers
Based on functional behavior (excitatory or Inhibitory cells)
Based on spiking activity pattern
Based on anatomical features (Pyramidal Cells, Chandelier cell, etc)
Based on gene expression

Neurons with axons vs. neurons without

Their color in a normal tissue

12. Select the answer with the correct order of terms that match the spaces in the sentence
below.
The _____ connects the ____ of a pre-synaptic neuron with the _____ of the post-synaptic
neuron.
An action potential in the pre-synaptic cell triggers release of _____ containing ______ that
spreads into the synaptic gap.
______ in the post-synaptic cell recognize transmitter molecules and this may results in
voltage change (the post synaptic potential).
synapse,axon,dendrite,vesicles,neurotransmitters,receptors
dendrite,vesicles,receptors,synapse,axon,neurotransmitters
synapse,dendrite,axon,receptors,vesicles,neurotransmitters
receptors,axon,dendrite,vesicles,neurotransmitters,synapse
synapse,receptors,dendrite,vesicles,neurotransmitters,axon

13. The age of the modern Human (Homo sapiens Sapiens) is:
200,000 years
2,000 years
20,000 years
2,000,000 years
20,000,000 years

14. Select all the right answers

We may control a machine with the brain
We may control the brain (or parts of it) with a machine

We can stimulate the brain for treatment of Parkinson's - A disease related to an erroneous
activity in the basal ganglia (an deep region in our brain)
We are creating a computer inspired by real neurons
We developed treatment for multiple sclerosis - A disease caused by a damage to the
axonal myelin
We can simulate in the computer a whole cortical column consisting of 10,000 neurons