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3) Resist Printing: This is when a white fabric is printed with a resist paste. One
subsequent dyeing the printed area is not colored. Resist areas can also be white or
colored.
4) Transfer Printing: The design is first applied onto a special type of paper with
certain type of dye paste. These are special papers. The pattern is transferred &
applied on to the fabric with the aid of a heated calendar.
The temperature is high enough to cause the dye stuffs to pass into the vapor phase
(Sublime). Since it is held in close proximity to the paper, under pressure, some of
the dye vapor finds its way onto the fabric and defuses into the fibers. The process
represents about 6% of print production and finds its most direct and simple
application on synthetic fiber textiles. Special techniques, paper, and fiber
preparation have been developed for natural fibers and blends.
5) Flock Printing: Velvet like appearance is obtained to the print by electrostatic
flocking. There the fibers snippets are caused to stand upright in an electrostatic
field as they are being applied.
6) Pigment Printing: Pigments are special colors. They do not dissolve and
penetrate into the fibers. They are applied together with a film forming binder.
More than 50% of all printing colors are pigment type.
7) Lacquer Printing: A pattern is made by printing the fiber with a colored resin.
This forms a shiny film.
8) Warp printing: Before weaving a pattern is printed onto the warp sheet. After
weaving the design is subdued and shadowy, without a distinct outline. Also called
chine or shadow print.
9) Hand Printing: This is the most primitive method of printing but it is now
seldom used. The printing paste is applied by the means of a wooden block, which
carries the design in relief, or by a stencil.
10) Roller printer: This is oldest mechanized method of continuous printing. But
now it represents only about 15% of printing production. The method is now on the
decline. Roller printing can produce sharp outlines to the printed pattern. This
feature is especially important for small figures. The maximum design repeats is
the circumference of the engraved roller. The design is engraved onto copper
rollers. One roller is designated for each color. The rollers are mounted against the
large main cylinder, around which the fiber travels together with a resilient blanket
and a protective back grey. The printed paste is located in a trough.
A transfer roller runs partly immersed in the paste and in contact with the engraved
roller. A doctor blade scrapes away all of the paste except for that contained in the
engraving. A cleaning blade on the other side scrapes away any lint picked up from
the fabric. The pressure of the engraved roller against the fabric causes the design
to be transferred. Any excess paste which is squeezed through the fabric is taken up
by the back grey. This protects the blanket and prevents the design from being
smeared.
11) Screen Printing: Screen printing (flat and rotary) is the most important
printing method now-a-days. This method currently makes substantial printing
production. The design is formed on a screen by blocking off those parts of the
screen where no Printing is to occur.
The screen is coated with a light sensitive polymer and then selectively exposed
through a stencil. Exposed areas are made insoluble; unexposed areas are washed
away. A modern alternative is to coat the screen with an insoluble polymer which is
then selectively etched away by a computer driven laser beam. A separate screen is
required for each color. The maximum design repeat is the size of the screen,
which can be much larger than an engraved roller.
Screen printing Process: Screen printing is a printing technique that uses a woven
mesh to support an ink-blocking stencil i.e thin sheet in which a pattern is cut,
placed on a surface and printed or inked over etc to reproduce the pattern.
*STORAGE TEST
*COLOR BLEEDING (Color Fastness) TEST.
(ii) Do lab test daily minimum1 PC / Color / Logo / Style by following
below procedure?
* Generally Lab test standard level 5 cycles for PANEL & 3 cycles for garments.
(iii) Must need to keep lab test record and maintain the inspection log book
(iv) Prepare daily inspection report and dispatch to concern section.
(C) Mock up processing & Analysis:
(i) If found any instruction from supplier/buyer, kindly follow it first, if result is
pass then proceed for production.
(ii) If not found any right information from supplier/buyer, then apply basic idea to
set the machine and record the Time, Temperature and pressure properly.
(iii) If visually accept then sent for lab test. If lab result is:
Passthen proceed for production.
Failthen again do mock up by readjusting the machine temp, time, pressure etc.
then resubmit those mock up for lab test (Until get the Pass results).
(D) Pre- Bulk Caution:
(i) Any failed issue Re-heat/ Re-test or find out the reason and stop the production
till getting the pass result.
(ii) Daily cleaning the machine and try to set one M/C for individual LOGO.
(iii) Use the Rubber / Washer as per LOGO size and White knit fabrics for avoid
the shine mark.
(E) Bulk Production. Processing and analysis:
(i) Heat transfer machine and inspection table need to set in a restricted area for
smooth production.
(ii) Before start production need to check the Logo placement, design and fabric
item, color combination etc randomly.
(iii) Submit mock up two times daily for lab test and keep record.
(iv) Maintain the daily inspection LOG BOOK and inspection Summary.
So, finally we can say Heat transfer is a process of transferring an image to a
substrate by applying heat and pressure. A design is printed on paper with special
dyes and transferred to a product by application of heat and pressure. Specific
temperatures and dwell times change a dye from a solid to a gaseous state and back
to a solid form on the product. Heat transfer prints are available in stretch, flock,
puff, reflective and foil design.