Q 14.

When solid crystaline NH4Cl is added to a large excess of water, it dissolves

spontaneously. But the process is endothermic to the extent DH = + 3.62 k cal/mol of
solute . Explain why does dissolution take place inspite of endothermicity of the process
Q 15. The enthalpy of formation steadily changes from - 17.89 k cal/mol to -49.82 k cal/mol as
one goes from CH4, C2H6 ...... to C8H18 . The value of DG, however, shows the opposite
trend
from
-12.12 k cal/mol to 4.19 k cal/mol from CH4 to C8H18 . Explain .
Q 16. Find the work done when one mole of the gas is expanded reversibly and isothermally
from 5 atm to 1 atm at 25C .
Ans. w = - 3.988 kJ
Q17. Find the final temperature of a sample of CO 2 of mass 16.0 g that is expanded
reversibly & adiabatically from 500 mL at 298 K to 4.00 L . (g = 4/3)
Ans. T - 149 K
Q 18. For the reaction H2F2 (g) H2 (g) + F2 (g) D E = - 14.2 k cal/mole at 25C . Calculate D
H.
Ans. -13.6 kcal/mol
Q 19. Calculate the amount of heat necessary to raise 213.5g of water from 25 to 100C. Molar
heat capacity of water is 18 cal mole - 1 K - 1 .
Ans. 16.0125 kcal
Q 20. One mole of CH3OH is vapourised at 338 K & 1.5 atm pressure . The heat of
vapourisation of CH3OH is 35.57 kJ/mol . The density of CH3OH is 0.799 g/cc . Calculate
q, w & DE for the process .
Ans. q = 35.56 kJ, w = 2.80 kJ, DE = 32.76 kJ
Q 21. A gas expands from a volume 3.0 dm 3 to 5.0 dm3 against a constant pressure of 3.0
atmp. The work done during expansion is used to heat 10.0 mol of water of temp. 290
K . Calculate the final temperature of water . [Sp heat = 4.18 J K -1 g -1 ]
Ans. 290.8078 K
Q 22. The molar heat of formation of NH4NO3 (s) is - 367.5 kJ & those of N2O (g) & H2O (l)
are + 81.46 and - 285.78 kJ at 25C & 1 atmp. Calculate D H & D E for the reaction ;
NH4NO3(s) N2O (g) + 2 H2O (l)
Ans. DH = -122.56 kJ,
DE = -125.037 kJ
Q 23. An element was found to have a specific heat capacity of 0.0276 cal/g K . If 114.79 g of a
chloride of this element contained 79.34 g of the metallic element what is the exact
atomic weight of this element ?
Ans. 238 g/mol
Q 24. The heat of reaction .5 H2 + Cl2 HCl at 27C is - 22.1 k cal . Calculate the heat
of reaction at 77 C . The molar heat capacities at constant press at 27C for hydrogen ,
chlorine & HCl are 6.82, 7.70 & 6.80 cal mol - 1 respectively .
Ans. -22.123 kcal
Q 25. When 2 moles of C2H6 are completely burnt 3120 kJ of heat is liberated . Calculate the
heat of formation, DHf for C2H6 . Given DHf for CO2(g) & H2O (l) are - 395 & - 286 kJ
respectively.
Ans. -88 kJ/mol

Q 26. Calculate standard heats of formation of carbon-di-sulphide (l) . Given the standard heat
of combustion of carbon (s) , sulphur (s) & carbon-di-sulphide (l) are : - 393.3, - 293.72
and
- 1108.76 kJ mol -1 respectively .
Ans. 128.02 kJ
Q 27. Calculate the mass of mercury which can be liberated from HgO at 25 C by the treatment
of excess HgO with 41.84 kJ of heat at
(i)
constant pressure
(ii)
constant volume conditions .
-1
Given : DHf (HgO, s) = - 90.8 kJ mol & M (Hg) = 200.6 g mol-1 .
Ans. (a) 92.435 g (b) 93.71 g
Q 28. For reduction of ferric oxide by hydrogen, Fe2O3(s) + 3 H2(g) 2 Fe(s) + 3 H2O(l) ;
DH298 = - 35.1 kJ . The reaction was found to be too exothermic to be convenient . It is
desirable that DH should be at the most - 26 kJ . At what temperature is it possible ?
CP[Fe2O3] = 104.5, CP[Fe(s)] = 25.5, CP[H2O(l)] = 75.3, CP[H2(g)] = 28.9 (all in J/mol)
Ans. 404.2 k
Q 29. The enthalpies of combustion of C 2H4(g), C2H6(g) & H2(g) are -1410.8, -1559.8 &
-285.9 kJ mol-1 respectively . What is the enthalpy of hydrogenation of ethylene ?
Ans. -136.9 kJ mole-1
Q 30. A cylinder of gas supplied by a company contains 14 kg of butane . The heat of
combustion of butane is 2658 kJ/mol . A normal family requires 20 MJ of energy per day
of cooking. If the cylinder lasts for 26 days, what percentage of gas is wasted due to
inefficient combustion .
Ans. 18.95%
Q 31. The enthalpy change for the reaction C3H8 + H2(g) C2H6(g) + CH4(g) at 25 C is
- 55.7 kJ/mol . Calculate the heat of combustion of C 2H6(g) . The heats of combustion of
H2, CH4 & Cgraphite are - 285.8, - 890.0 & - 393.5 kJ/mole respectively . Heat of
combustion of propane is -2220 kJ mol-1 .
Ans. -1560 kJ mole-1
Q32. The standard enthalpy of neutralization of KOH with (a) HCN (b) HCl in dilute solution
is
- 2480 cal . g eq-1 and - 13.68 kcal . g eq-1 respectively . Find the enthalpy of
dissociation of HCN at the same temperature .
Ans. 11.2 kcal
Q 33. The enthalpy of formation of C2H5OH(l) is - 66 k cal/mol . The enthalpy of combustion of
CH3-O-CH3 is - 348 k cal/mol . Given that the enthalpies of formation of CO 2(g) and
H2O(l) are - 94 k cal/mol & - 68 k cal/mol respectively calculate DH for the isomerisation
of ethanol to methoxymethane . All data are at 25 C .
Ans. 22 kcal mol-1
Q 34. Calculate the free energy change at 298 K for the reaction ;
Br2 (l) + Cl2 (g) 2 BrCl (g) . For the reaction D H = 29.3 kJ mol -1 & the entropies of
Br2 (l), Cl2 (g) & BrCl (g) at the 298 k are 152.3, 223.0, 239.7 J mol-1 K-1 respectively.
Ans. -1721.8 J mol-1
Q 35. Using the date given below , establish that the vaporization of CCl 4 (l) at 298 K to
produce CCl4 (g) at 1 atm pressure does not occur spontaneously .

Ans.
Q 36.

Ans.
Q 37.
Ans.
Q 38.
(i)
(ii)

Ans.
Q 39.

Ans.
Q 40.

Ans.
Q 41.

Ans.
Q 42.

Ans.

Given : CCl4 (l , 1 atm) CCl4 (g , 1 atm) ;

DS = 94.98 JK -1 mol -1 ;
D H f (CCl4, g) = - 106.7 kJ mol-1 & D H f (CCl4, l) = - 139.3 kJ mol-1
DG = 4.3 kJ mol-1 > 0
Compute D H & D S & D G at 298 K for the reaction ; CO(g) + O2(g) CO2(g) using
the following data :
D H f (CO , g) = - 110.5 kJ mol -1
,
-1
-1
D H f (CO2, g) = - 393.5 kJ mol
,
S (CO, g) = 197.6 Jk mol -1 ,
S (O2 , g) = 205.0 Jk -1 mol -1 &
S (CO2 , g) = 213.7 Jk -1 mol -1
DH = -283.0 kJ mol-1, DS = 86.4 J mol-1 K-1 & DG = -257.25 kJ mol-1
For the reaction 2 A2 (g) + B (g) 2 D (g) ;
D E = - 10.46 kJ mol -1 and
D S = - 43.93 Jk -1 mol -1 . Predict if the reaction at 298 K is feasible ?
DH = -12.94 kJ mol-1, DG = -0.15 kJ mol-1 , not feasible
130 g of Zn is dissolved in dilute sulphuric acid in an open beaker .
Find the work done in the process assuming isothermal operation .
Dissolution of zinc is exothermic . If the system (i.e. acid with zinc dissolving in it) is at a
steady temperature of 27 C, find the amount of water evaporated in the process assuming
that no heat is lost to surroundings . Also evaluate the total work done in this case .
Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2 ;
DH = - 45 kJ/mol
H2O(l) H2O(g)
; DH = 2250 J/gm
(a) -4.988 kJ (b) 40 g, -10.53 kJ
Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction XeF4 Xe+ + F- + F2 + F .
The average Xe-F bond energy is 34 kcal/mol, first I.E. of Xe is 279 kcal/mol, electron
affinity of F is 85 kcal/mol & bond dissociation energy of F2 is 38 kcal/mol .
292 kcal/mol
For the reaction CO(g) + H2O(g) CO2(g) + H2(g) ; DH300k = - 10 k cal/mol .
Heat capacity data for reactant & product are :
CP (CO) = CP (H2) = 6.6 x 10-2 T ;
CP (CO2) = 7.3 + 3 x 10-2 T
CP (H2O) = 7.3 + 2 x 10-2 T .
Find the DH value at 1000 K . All CP values are in J/mol K . (1 cal = 4.18J)
-37.25 kJ/mol-1
An intimate mix of ferric oxide & Al is used as solid rocket fuel . Calculate the fuel
value per gm & fuel value per CC of the mix . Heats of formation & densities
are :
DHf (Al2O3) = - 399 k cal/mole ; DHf (Fe2O3) = - 199 kcal / mole,
density of Fe2O3 = 5.2 g/cc ; density of Al = 2.7 g/cc .
0.9346 kcal g-1, 3.94 kcal cm-3
Determine the enthalpy of formation of anhydrous Al2Cl6(s) :
2 Al(s) + 6 HCl(aq) Al2Cl6(aq) + 3 H2(g) DH = - 239760 cals
H2(g) + Cl2(g) 2 HCl(g)
DH = - 44000 cals
HCl(g) + aq HCl(aq)
DH = - 17315 cals
Al2Cl6(s) + aq Al2Cl6(aq)
DH = - 153690 cals
-321.96 kcal

Q 43. Reactions involving gold have been of particular interest to alchemists . Consider the
following reactions,
Au(OH)3 + 4 HCl HAuCl4 + 3 H2O ,

Ans.
Q 44.

Ans.
Q 45.

Ans.
Q 46.

Ans.
Q 47.

Ans.
Q 48.

Ans.
Q49.

Ans.
Q 50.

DH = - 28 kcal

Au(OH)3 + 4 HBr HAuBr4 + 3 H2O ,

DH = - 36.8 kcal
In an experiment there was an absorption of 0.44 kcal when one mole of HAuBr 4 was
mixed with 4 moles of HCl . Calculate the fraction of HAuBr 4 converted into HAuCl4 &
the percentage conversion .
5%
When methanol, carbon monoxide & hydrogen are burnt completely in closed vessels
separately, 170.6 k cal/mol, 66.7 k cal/mol & 68.4 k cal/mol of heat are evolved
respectively at 300 K. Calculate DH for the reaction CO + 2 H2 = CH3OH .
DH = -34.69 kcal mol-1
A person takes 15 breaths per minute . The volume of air inhaled in each breath is 448 ml
and contains 21% of oxygen by volume . The exhaled air contains 16% of oxygen
by volume . If all the oxygen is used in the combustion of sucrose, how much of the
latter is burnt in the body per day & how much heat is evolved . DH com of sucrose is = 6000 kJ mol-1 . Take temperature to be 300 K throughout.
9.821 MJ/day evolved
The enthalpies of neutralization of NaOH & NH4OH by HCl are - 13680 calories and 12270 cal respectively . What would be the enthalpy change if one gram equivalent of
NaOH is added to one gram equivalent of NH 4Cl in solution ? Assume that NH4OH and
NaCl are quantitatively obtained.
-1410 cal
The standard enthalpy of combustion of sucrose is - 5645 kJ mol-1 . What is the
advantage
(in
kJ mol-1 of energy released as heat) of complete aerobic oxidation compared to anaerobic
hydrolysis of sucrose to lactic acid ? DH f for lactic acid, CO2 and H2O is -694, -395.0
and -286.0 respectively.
advantage = 5396 kJ.mol-1
Calculate the standard heat of formation of sodium ions in aqueous solution from the
following data:
Heat of formation of NaOH(aq) at 25 C = - 470.7 kJ
Heat of formation of OH-(aq) at 25 C = - 228.8 kJ
-241.9 kJ
(i) Cis-2 - butene trans - 2 - butene, dH1
(ii) Cis - 2- butene 1 - butene, dH2
(iii) Trans - 2 - butene is more stable than cis - 2 - butene.
(iv) Enthalpy of combustion of 1-butene, DH = -649.8 kcal/mol
(v) 9DH1 + 5 D H2 = 0
(vi) Enthalpy of combustion of trans 2 - butene, DH = -647.0 kcal/mol.
Calculate DH1 & DH2.
DH1 = -1 kcal. mol-1, DH2 = 1.8 kcal. mol-1
Using bond energy data, calculate heat of formation of isoprene .
5 C(s) + 4 H2(g) H2C = - = CH2(g)

Given :

C H = 98.8 k cal ;
C C = 83 k cal
;
C(s) C(g) = 171 k cal .

H H = 104 k cal
C = C = 147 k cal

;
&

Ans. +20.6 kcal

Q 51. Using the given data calculate enthalpy of formation of acetone (g) . [All values in kJ
mol-1]
binding energy of : C H = 413.4 ;
C C = 347.0 ;
C = O = 728.0 ;
O = O = 495.0 ;
H H = 435.8 ;
DHsubof C = 718.4 .
Ans. -192.3 kJ mol-1
Q52.
The standard enthalpy of formation of FeO & Fe 2O3 is - 65 kcal mol-1 and
-197kcalmol-1 respectively . A mixture of two oxides contains FeO & Fe 2O3 in the mole
ratio 2 : 1 . If by oxidation, it is changed into a 1 : 2 mole ratio mixture, how much of
thermal energy will be released per mole of the initial mixture ?
Ans. Heat released = 13.4 kcal. per mol of initial mixture.
Q 53. Calculate the heat produced when 3.785 lit of octane (C 8H18) reacts with oxygen to form
CO & water vapour at 25 C . The density of octane is 0.7025 gm/ml . Heat of
combustion
of
C8H18
is
- 1302.7 k cal/mol .
DHf CO2(g) = - 94.05 k cal mol-1
;
DHf CO(g) = - 26.41 k cal mol-1
;
DH H O(l) = - 68.32 k cal mol-1
;
DH H O(g) = - 57.79 k cal mol-1
f

Ans. -666.81 kcal mol-1, 15.55 Mcal

Q 54. When 12.0 g of carbon reacted with oxygen to form CO & CO 2 at 25 C & constant
pressure,
75.0 k cal of heat was liberated and no carbon remained . Calculate the mass of oxygen
which reacted. DHf (CO2) = - 95 kcal mol-1, DHf (CO) = - 24kcal mol-1.
Ans. 27.43 g O2
Q 55. 1.00 l sample of a mixture of CH4(g) & O2(g) measured at 25 C & 740 torr was allowed
to react at constant pressure in a calorimeter which together with its contents had a heat
capacity of 1260 cal/K. The complete combustion of the methane to CO 2 & H2O caused a
temperature rise in the calorimeter of 0.667 K. What was the mole percent of CH 4 in the
original mixture?
DHcomb (CH4) = - 215 k cal mol-1 .
Ans. 10.0 mol % CH4
Q 56. Using the data (all values are in kJ/mol at 25 C) given below :
DHcombustion (ethane) = - 1559.8
;
DHcombustion (ethene) = - 1410.9
DHcombustion (acetylene) = - 1299.7
;
DHcombustion (acetaldehyde) = - 1192.3
DHf CO2(g) = - 393.5
;
DHf of H2O(l) = - 285.8
DH for C(s) (graphite) C(g) = + 716.68
;
Bond energy of H - H = 435.94
Bond energy of O = O = 498.94
Calculate the following bond energies :
(i) C - C
(ii) C - H
(iii) C = O
(iv) C = C
(v) C C

Ans.
Q 57.
Q 58.
Q 59.
Q 60.
Q 61.
Q 62.

C-C = 97.81 kJ, C-H = 454.64 kJ, C=O = 804.26 kJ, C=C = =434.3 kJ, CC = 733.48
kJ
A system is said to be _____ if it can neither exchange matter nor energy with
the surroundings.
(isolated)
The heat content of the products is more than that of the reactants in an ______ reaction.
(endothermic)
The bond dissociation energy needed to form the benzyl radical from toluene is ______
than the formation of methyl radical from methane .(lesser)
When Fe (s) is dissolved in aqueous HCl in a closed vessel the work done is
______ . (zero)
Enthalpy is an ______ property .(extensive)
An athlete is given 100g of glucose of energy equivalent to 1560 KJ. He utilizes 50% of
this gained energy in the event . In order to avoid storage of energy in the body, calculate
the amount of water that would need to perspire . D Hvap of H2O is 44 KJ/mole.

Ans. 319.09 g
Q 63. The standard enthalpy of combustion at 25C of hydrogen, cyclohexene (C 6H10),
cyclohexane (C6H12) are - 241, - 3800 & - 3920 KJ/mole respectively . Calculate the heat
of hydrogenation of cyclohexene.
Ans. -121 kJ mol-1
Q 64. Using the data (all values are in KCal per mole at 25C) given below , calculate Bond
energy
of
C- C & C - H bonds .
D Hcomb ethane = -372.0
of H2O (l) = - 68.0

DH comb propane = -530.0

of CO2 (g) = - 94.0
DH for C (graphite) C (g) = 172.0
Bond Energy H - H = 104.0
-1
Ans. eC-C = 82, eC-H = 99 kcal mol
Q 65. A gas mixture of 3.67 lit of ethylene & methane on complete combustion at 25C
produces 6.11 lit of CO2 . Find out the amount of heat evolved on burning one litre of
the gas mixture. The heats for combustion of ethylene & methane are - 1423 & - 891 kJ
mol-1 .
Ans. = 0.665, = .3352, 50.88 kJ/l released
Q 66. Calculate the resonance energy of N2O from the following data :
DHf of N2O = 82 kJ mol-1 . Bond energy of N N, N = N, O = O & N = O bonds is 946,
418, 498 & 607 kJ mol-1 respectively .
Ans. -88 kJ mol-1
Q 67. Determine the enthalpy of the reaction
C3H8 (g) + H2 (g) C2H6 (g) + CH4 (g) at 25 C , using the given heat of combustion
values under standard conditions .
Compound
H2(g)
CH4(g)
C2H6(g)
C(graphite)
DH (kJ/mol)
- 285.8 - 890.0
- 1560.0
- 393.5
The standard heat of formation of C3H8(g) is - 103.8 kJ/mol
Ans. DH = -55.7 kJ mol-1
Q 68. Calculate DHf for chloride ion from the following data :

Ans.
Q 69.

Ans.
Q 70.

Ans.
Q 71.

Ans.
Q 72.

Ans.
Q 73.

Ans.
Q 74.
Ans.

H2(g) + Cl2(g) HCl(g) ; DHf = - 92.4 kJ

HCl(g) + n H2O H+(aq) + Cl- (aq) ; DH298 = - 74.8 kJ ; DHf (H+)aq = 0.0 kJ[REE 92,
7]
-167.2 kJ
In order to get maximum calorific output, a burner should have an optimum fuel to
oxygen ratio which corresponds to 3 times as much oxygen as is required theoritically
for complete combustion of the fuel . A burner which has been adjusted for methane as
fuel
(with
X
litre
/
hr.
of
CH4
&
6 X litre / hr. of O2) is to be readjusted for butane C 4H10 . In order to get the same
calorific output, what should be the rate of supply of butane & oxygen ? Assume that
losses due to incomplete combustion etc . are the same for both fuels and that the
gases behave ideally .
Heats of combustion CH4 = 809 kJ / mol & C4H10 = 2878 kJ/mol .
00.281 X lit butane, 5.48 X lit O2
The polymerisation of ethylene to linear polyethylene is represented by the reaction
n CH2 = CH2 (CH2 -CH2)n where n has a large integral value . Given that the average
enthelpies of bond dissociation for C=C & C-C at 298 K are + 590 & + 331 KJ mol-1
respectively. Calculate the enthalpy of polymerisation per mole of ethylene at 298
K.
-72 kJ mol-1
0.16 g of methane was subjected to combustion at 27 C in a bomb calorimeter . The
temperature of calorimeter system (including water) was found to rise by 0.5 C .
Calculate the heat of combustion of methane at (i) constant volume (ii) constant
pressure .
The thermal capacity of calorimeter system is 17.7 kJ K -1 . (R = 8.313 mol-1 K-1) [REE
94, 6]
(i) -885 kJ mol
(ii) -889.980 kJ/mol
At 300 K, the standard enthalpies of formation of C 6H5COOH(s), CO2 (g) & H2O (l)
are
;
-1
- 408, - 393 & -286 KJ mol respectively . Calculate the heat of combustion of
benzoic acid at:
(i) constant pressure & (ii) constant volume .
[REE 95, 6]
(i) -3201 kJ/mol ;
(ii) -3199.75 kJ/mol
The standard molar enthalpies for formation of cyclohexane (l) & benzene (l) at
25C
are
-156 & + 49 kJ/mol respectively . The standard enthalpy of hydrogenation of
cyclohexene(l) at 25 is - 119 kJ mol-1 . Use these data to estimate the magnitude of
the resonance energy of benzene.
152 kJ mol-1
The heat liberated on complete combustion of 7.8 g of benzene is 327 kJ . This heat has
been measured at constant volume & at 27 C . Calculate the heat of combustion of
benzene at constant pressure.
-3273.77 kJ/mol

Q 75. 10 g of argon gas is compressed isothermally & reversibly at a temperature of 27 C from

10 L to 5 L . Calculate q, W, DE & DH for this process. (atomic weight of Ar = 40)
[REE 97 ]
Ans. q = -104 cal, w = 104 cal DE = 0, DH = 0
Q 76. The Enthalpy change involved in the oxidation of glucose is - 2880 KJ mol -1 . 25% of
this energy is availbale for muscular work . If 100 kJ of muscular work is needed to
walk one km. What is the maximum distance a person will be able to walk after eating
120 g of glucose.
Ans. 4.82 km
Q 77. Compute the heat of formation of liquid methyl alcohol in kJ mol -1, using the following
data . Heat of vaporisation of liquid CH3OH = 38 kJ/ mol . Heat of formation of gaseous
atoms from the elements in their standard states ; H , 218 KJ / mol ; C , 715 KJ / mol ;
O, 249 KJ / mol .
Average Bond energies
C - H , 415 KJ / mol ;
C - O , 356 KJ / mol ;
O - H , 463 KJ / mol
Ans. -266 kJ mol-1
Q 78. From the following data, calculate the enthalpy change for the combustion of
cyclopropane
at
298 k. The enthalpy of formation of CO2 (g), H2O (l) and propene (g) are - 393.5, 285.8 & 20.42 kJ/mol respectively. The enthalpy of isomerisation of cyclopropane to
propene is - 33.0 kJ/mol.
Ans. -2091.32 kJ mol-1
Q 79. Determine the value of H & E for the reversible isothermal evaporation of 90.0 gm of
water at 100 C . Assume that water vapour behaves as an ideal gas & heat of evaporation
of
water
is
-1
540 cal g .
[REE 98, 6]
Ans. DE = 44.87 kcal, DH = 48.60 kcal
Q 80. For the reaction,
SOCl2 + H2O SO2 + 2HCl,
the enthalpy of reaction is 49.4 kJ and the entropy of reaction is 336 K -1. Calculate G at
300 K and predict the nature of the reaction.
Ans. -51.4 kJ, spontaneous
Q 81. 1 M3 of neon gas at 273.2 K and 10 atm undergoes three different expansions to a final
pressure of 1 atm. Calculate the final volume and the work done in three different
expansions.
(a) isothermal reversible expansion
(b) Adiabatic reversible expansion and
(c) Irreversible adiabatic expansion.
Ans. (a) 232.85 kJ
(b) - 914.1 kJ
(c) - 547.4 kJ
Q 82. Consider a reaction,
H2O(g) H2(g) + 1/2 O2(g) ; H = 241.750 J at 291.15 K.
What would be H at 298.15 K? Over the small temperature range, the effectively
constant CP values per mole are

Ans.
Q 83.
Ans.
Q 84.

Ans.
Q 85.
Ans.
Q 86.
Ans.
Q 87.

CP(H2O) = 33.56, CP(H2) = 28.83 ; CP(O2) = 29.12 JK-1 mol-1.

= 241.820 J
For Ag, (JK-1mol-1) is given by 23.43 + 0.00628 T. Calculate H if 3 mol of silver are
raised from 25C to its melting point 961C under 1 atm pressure.
J = 79290 J
Hcombustion (CH4, g) = -890.36 kJ/mol ; Hf (CO2, g) = -393.51 kJ/mol ;
Hf (H2O, l) = -285.83 kJ/mol ;
Hf (CH4, g) = ?
- 74.81 kJ/mol.
The enthalpies of solution of anhydrous CuSO4 and hydrated CuSO4.5H2O are -66.5 and
11.7 kJ mol-1 respectively. Calculate the enthalpy of hydration of CuSO4 to CuSO4.5H2O.
H = -78.2 kJ
150 ml of 0.5 N nitric acid solution at 25.35C was mixed with 150 ml of 0.5 N sodium
hydroxide solution at the same temperatuer. The final temperature was recorded to be
28.77C. Calculate the heat of neutralisation fo nitric acid with sodium hydroxide.
- 13.68 kcal.
Calculate bond energy of C-H bond from the following data.
CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) ; H = -890.36 kJ
CO2(g) C(graphite) + O2(g) ; H = 393.51 kJ
2HO2(l) 2H2(g) + O2(g) ; H = 571.70 kJ
2H2(g) 4H(g) ; H = 871.86 kJ
C(graphite) C(g) ; H = 716.68 kJ

Ans. 415.85 kJ mol-1

Q 88. Given that the average bond energies of C-C, C=C, C-H and H-H bonds are 80.5, 145,
98.2 and 103 kcal mol-1 respectively, calculate the enthalpy of the reaction per mole.
Ans. Hreaction = - 28.9 kcal/mol.
Q 89. The standard molar enthalpies of formation of cyclohexane (l) and benzene (l) at 25C
are - 156 and 49 kJ mol-1 respectively. The standard enthalpy of hydrogenation of
cyclohexene (l) at 25C is -119 kJ mol-1. Use these data to estimate the magnitude of
resonance energy of benzene.
Ans. -152 kJ
Q 90. Calculate the lattice energy for the reaction,
Li+ (g) + Cl- (g) LiCl(s)
froom the following data.
Hsub (Li) = 160.67 kJ mol-1 ; D(Cl2) = 122.17 kJ mol-1 ; I.P(Li) = 520.07 kJ mol-1 ;
E.A(Cl) = -365.26 kJ mol-1 and Hf (LiCl) = -401.66 kJ mol-1.
Ans. U = 839.31 kJ mol-1
Q 91. A sample of 0.16 g CH4 was subjected to combustion at 27C in a bomb calorimeter. The
temperatuer of the calorimeter system (including water) was found to rise by 0.5C.
Calculate the heat of combustion of methane at (i) constant volume and (ii) constant
pressure. The thermal capacity of calorimeter system is 17.7 kJ K -1 and R = 8.314 JK-1
mol-1.

(i) E = -885 kJ mol-1

(ii) H = -889.988 kJ mol-1
Q 92. A sample of argon gas at 1 atm pressure and 27C expands reversibly and adiabatically
from 1.25 dm3 to 2.50 dm3. Calculate the enthalpy change in process?
Ans. H = -115.87 J
Q 93. An ideal gas having initial pressure P, volume V and temperature T is allowed to expand
adiabatically until its volume becomes 5.66 V while its temperature falls to T/2.
(i) How many degrees of freedom do the gas molecules have?
(ii) Obtain an expression for the work done by the gas during the expansion as a function
of the initial pressure P and volume V.
Ans. W = 1.25 PV
Q 94. Diborane is a potential rocket fuel which undergoes combustion according to the reaction,
B2H6(g) + 3O3(g) B2O3(S) + 3H2(g)
From the following data, calculate the enthalpy change for the combustion of diborane.
2B(s) + (3/2)O2(g) B2O3(S)
H = -1273 kJ/mol-1
H2(g) + (1/2)O2(g) H2O(l)
H = -286 kJ/mol-1
H2O(l) H2O(g)
H = 44 kJ/mol-1
2B(s) + 3H (g) B H (g)
H = 36 kJ/mol-1
Ans.

Ans. -2035 kJ/mol

Q 95. A sample of solid naphthaliene C10H8, weighing 0.6 g is burnt to CO2(g) and H2O in a
constant volume calorimeter at 298 K. In this experiment the observed temperature rise of
the calorimeter and its contents is 2.27C. In a separate experiment, the total heat
capacity of the calorimeter was found to be 2556 cai/deg. What is E for the combustion
of one mole of naphthalene? What is H for this reaction. Also calculate the enthalpy of
formation of naphthalene.
) = -68.32 kcal/mol
COg) = -94.05 kcal/mol
Ans. 25.172 kcal/mol
Q 96. Find standard heat of formation of OH- (aq). it is given
H2O H+(aq)
;
H = 13.7 kcal
H2(g) + 1/2O2(g) H2O
;
H = -68.4 kcal
Ans. -54.7 kcal.
Q 97. When maltose, C12H22O11(S) burns in a calorimetric bomb at 298 K yielding water and
carbondioxide, the heat of combustion is -1350 kcal/mol. Calculate the heat of
combustion of maltose of constant pressure if the water vapour resulting from the
combustion is (a) condensed and (b) not condensed.
Ans. HP = -1343 kcal/mol
Q 98. Given the following information
(i) H2BO3(g) HBO2(aq) + H2O
H = 0.002 kJ
(ii) H2B4O7(s) + H2O 4HBO2(aq) H = -11.3 kJ
(ii) H2B4O7(s) 2B2O3(s) + H2O
H = 17.5 kJ

Calculate H for the reaction

2H3BO3(aq) B2O3(s) + 3H2O
Ans.
Q 99. The enthalpy change for the following processes at 25C and under constant pressure of
one atmosphere are as follows :
CH4(g) C(g) + 4H(g)
H = 396 kcal
C2H6(g) 2C(g) + 6H(g)
H = 67.0 kcal
Calculate C - C bond energy in the molecule of C2H6.
If molar heat of sublimation of carbon, C(s) and molar heat of dissociation of H 2(g) are
171.8 and 104.1 kcal respectively. Calculate the standard heat of formation of ethance,
C2H6(g).
Ans.
Q 100. One mole of an ideal monoatomic gas undergoes an isoergic reversible change from 25C
and 1 atm. to twice the original volume. Calculate q, W and H.
Ans. q = W = 1717.2 Joule and H = 0
Q 101. A mole of steam is condensed at 100C, the water is cooled to 0C and frozen to ice.
What is the difference in entropies of the steam and ice? The heats of vaporization and
fusion are 540 cal gm-1 respectively. Use the average heat capacity of liquid water as 1 cal
gm-1 degree-1.
Ans. 36.95 cal/
Q 102. Calculate the resonance energy of acetic acid from the following data :
(i)
Enthalpy of formation of water = -286 kJ mol-1
(ii)
Enthalpy of formation of CO2(g) = -393.5 kJ mol-1
(iii)
Enthalpy of formation of CH3CO2(g) = -384.5 kJ mol-1
(iv)
Enthalpy of vapourization of H2O = 168 kJ mol-1
(v)
Enthalpy of dissociation of CH4(g) = 1652 kJ mol-1
(vi)
Enthalpy of formation of C6H6(g) = 90 kJ mol-1
(vii) Resonance energy of C6H6(g) = 150 kJ mol-1
(viii) Bond enthalpy of C = C bond = 617 kJ mol-1
(ix)
Bond enthalpy of C - O bond = 420 kJ mol-1
(x)
Heat of atomization of carbon = 718.5 kJ mol-1
(xi)
Heat of atomization of gaseous oxygen = 248 kJ mol-1
(xii) Heat of atomization of gaseous hydrogen = 217 kJ mol-1
Ans. 25.5 kJ mol-1
Q 103. In the Benson group method for evaluating standard enthalpies of formation of
hydrocarbons, each group -CH3, -CH2 etc. are assigned separate enthalpies of formation,
and for the hydrocarbon is additively calculated. On this basis for normal pentane,
isopentane and normal butane are -147.3 kJ/mole, -156.6 kJ/mol and -126.6 kJ/mole
respectively. Calculate isobutene.
Ans. -135.9 kJ/mol

Q 104. The standard molar enthalpies of combustion of C 2H2(g), Cgraphite) and H2(g) are
-1299.63, -393.51, -285.85 kJ mol-1 , respectively. Calculate the standard enthalpy of
formation of C2H2(g).
Ans. 226.76 kJ/mole
Q 105. The standard molar enthalpies of formation of ethane, carbon dioxide and liquid water are
-88.3, -393.7 and -285.8 kJ mol-1, respectively. Calculate the standard molar enthalpy of
combustion of ethane.
Ans. -1556.5 kJ mole-1
Q 106. An athlete is given 100 g of glucose (C6H12O6) of energy equivalent to 1560 kJ. He
utilizes 50% of this gained energy in the event. In order to avoid storage of energy in the
body, calculate the mass of water he would need to perspire. The enthalpy of evaporation
of water is 44 kJ mol-1.
Ans. 319.14 g
Q 107. Using the data given below, calculate the bond enthalpy of C-C and C-H bonds.
ethane) = -1556.5 kJ mol-1
(propane) = -2117.5 kJ mol-1
C(graphite) C(g) H = 719.7 kJ mol-1
Bond enthalpy of H-H = 435.1 kJ mol-1
(H2O, l) = -284 kJ mol-1
(CO2, g) = -393.3 kJ mol-1
Ans. = 414.0 kJ mol-1 = 344.3 kJ mole-1
Q 108. Determine the enthalpy of the following reaction at 25C
C3H8(g) + H2(g) C2H6(g) + CH4(g)
Given
Compound: H2(g)
CH4(g)
C2H6(g)
C(graphite)
H/kJ mol-1: -285.8
-890.0
-1560.0
-393.5
The standard enthalpy of formation of C3H8(g) is -103.8 kJ mol-1
Ans. -55.7 kJ mole-1
Q 109. Determind the heat of reaction (at constant volume) of the following reaction
4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) 6H2O(l) + 4NO(g)
If (NH3, g) = -46.2 kJ mol-1 , (H2O, l) = -285.9 kJ mol-1 and
(NO, g) = -46.2 kJ mol-1.
Ans. -1156.6 kJ
Q 110. The work done by a system is 8 joule, when 40 joule heat is supplied to it. Calculate the
increase in internal energy of system.
Ans. 32 J
Q 111. For a reaction at 25C enthalpy change (H) and entropy change () are -11.7 x 103 J mole1
and -105 J mole-1 K-1 respectively. Find out whether this reaction is spontaneous or not?
Ans. not spontaneous
Q 112. Calculate the change in entropy for the fusion of 1 mole of ice. The melting point of ice is
273 K and molar enthalpy of fusion for ice is 6.0 kJ mole-1.
Ans. 21.97 JK-1 mole-1
Q 113. For a reaction M2O(s) 2M(s) + 1/2O2 ; H = 30 kJ mole-1 and = 0.07 kJ K-1 mole-1 at
(1 atm). Calculate upto which temperature, the reaction would not be spontaneous.

Ans. T < 428.57 K

Q 114. Calculate the temperature at which the following reaction is at equilibrium.
Ag2O(s) 2Ag(s) + 1/2O2(g). If H = 30.5 kJ mole-1 and = 0.066 kJ K-1 mole-1.
Ans. 462.12 K
Q 115. Calculate the C-C bond energy from the following data
(a) C(s) C(g)
;
H = 170.9 kcal
(b) 1/2H2 H(g)
;
H = 52.1 kcal
(c) Heat of formation of ethane = -20.3 kcal
(d) C-H bond energy = 99.0 kcal
Ans. 80.7 kcal
Q 116. H for combustion of ethane and ethyne are -341.1 and -310.0 kcal respectively. Which
is better gas welder and why?
Ans. C2H2
Q 117. The enthalpy change involved in the oxidation of glucose is -2880 kJ mol -1. Twenty-five
percent of this energy is available for muscular work. If 100 kJ of muscular work is
needed to walk one kilometer, what is the maximum distance that a person will be able to
walk after eating 120 g of glucose?
Ans. 4.80 km
Q 118. Estimate the average S-F bond enthalpy in SF6. The values of standard enthalpy of
formation of SF6(g), S(g) and F(g) are -1100, 275 and 80 kJ mol-1 respectively.
Ans. 309.2 kJ mole-1
Q 119. An intimate mixture of ferric oxide, Fe2O3, and aluminium, Al, is used in solid fuel
rockets. Calculate the fuel value per gram and fuel value per cm3 of the mixture.
If
Hf (Al2O3, s) = -1669 kJ mol-1, Hf (Fe2O3, s) = -833 kJ mol-1
Density of Fe2O3 = 5.2 g cm-3 , Density of Al = 2.7 g cm-3
Ans. 3.906 kJ g-1 , 16.47 kJ cm-3
Q 120. The polymerization of ethylene to linear polyethylene is represented by the following
reaction
nCH2 = CH2 -CH2 - CH2 -)n
(n = large integer value).
Calculate the enthalpy of polymerization per mol of ethylene 298 K if average enthalpies
of bond dissociation for C = C and C - C are 590 and 331 kJ mol-1 respectively.
Ans. - 72 kJ mole-1
Q 121. When 12.0 g of carbon (graphite) reacted with oxygen to form CO and CO 2 at 25C and
constant pressure, 313.8 kJ of heat released and no carbon remained. Calculate the mass
of oxygen condumed.
If (CO, g) = -110.5 kJ mol-1 and (CO2, g) = -393.5 kJ mol-1.
Ans. 27.5 g
Q 122. A gas expands from 3 dm3 to 5 dm3 against a constant pressure of 3 atm. The work done
during expansion is used to heat 10 mole of water of temperatuer 290 K. Calculate final
temperature of water if specific heat of water = 4.184 J g-1 K-1.
Ans. 290.81 K
Q 123. A gas mixture consisting of 3.67 litres of ethylene and methane on complete combustion
at 25C produces 6.11 litres of CO2. Find out the amount of heat evolved on burning one

litre of the gas mixture if heats of combustion of ethylene and methane are - 1423 and 891 kJ mol-1 at 25C.
Ans. 50.88 kJ
Q 124. Show that the following reaction
CO(g) + (1/2)O2(g) CO2(g)
at 300 K is spontaneous and exothermic, when the standard entropy change is - 0.094 kJ
mol-1 K-1, (CO2, g) = -394.4 and (CO, g) = - 137.2
Ans.
Q 125. Calculate the equilibrium constant for the following reaction at 400 K.
If H = 77.2 kJ mole-1 and S = 122 JK-1 mole-1.
PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)
Ans. 1.958 x 10-4
Q 126. Calculate the heat of dissociation for acetic acid from the following data
CH3COOH + NaOH CH3COONa + H2O ;
H = -13.2 kcal
H+ + OH- H2O ;
H = -13.7 kcal
Also calculate heat of dissociation for NH4OH if
HCl + NH4OH NH4Cl + H2O ;
H = -12.27 kcal
Ans. 0.5 kcal, 1.43 kcal
Q 127. Calculate the resonance energy of N2O from the following data
If of N2O is 82 kJ mole-1 , = 946 kJ mole-1, = 418 kJ mole-1 ,
= 498 kJ mole-1 and = 607 kJ mole-1
Ans. - 88 kJ mole-1
Q 128. One mole of an ideal gas for which CV = R is heated at a constant pressure of 1 atm from
25C. Calculate E and H.
Ans. H = 372.56 cal, E = 223.51 cal
Q 129. 10 g of argon gas is compressed isothermally and reversibly at a temperature of 27C
from 10 L to 5 L. Calculate q. w, E and H for this process.
Ans. H = W = -q = 103.635 cal, E = 0
Q 130. Determine the reasonance energy of gaseous benzene from the following data.
If (H, g) = 435.9 kJ mol-1, (C, graphite) = 718.4 kJ mol-1,
(Benzene, g) = 82.9 kJ mol-1, = 416.3 kJ mol-1 , = 331.4 kJ mol-1 and
= 591.3 kJ mol-1
Ans. 269.7 kJ mole-1