Kesimpulan dari radar tutorial

1. Basic
Historical Overview
Physical Bases of Radar
Principle of Measurement
Distance-Determination
Direction-Determination
Maximum Unambiguous Range
Minimal Measuring Range
Elevation Angle
Range Resolution
Accuracy
Radar Timing Performance
Pulse Repetition Frequency
Duty Cycle
Dwell Time / Hits per scan
Time Consideration of Pulse Radar
The Radar Equation
Derivation of Free Space Path Loss
Derivation of the Radar Equation
Radar Cross Section
Radar Loss Budget
Exemplary Calculation
Radar Frequency Bands
Radar Coverage
Electronic Warfare
2. Radar Sets
Classification of Radar Systems
Depending on Technology
Primary Radar
Secondary Radar
Continuous Wave (CW) Radar
Frequency Modulated CW Radar (FMCW)
FMiCW Radar
Pulse Radar
Bistatic Radar
Sideloooking Airbone Radar
Depending on Designed Use

 Air Defense Radar

Flugsicherungs Radar
Ground Penetrating Radar
Weather Radar
Principle of Operation
Adaptation of the Radar Equation
Polarimetric Radar
Types of Weather
Bright Band
Radar Sets (Examples given)
Didactic Radars
CW-Radar
FMCW Radar
Pulse Radar DPR-886
Didactical Noise radar
3. Radar technology
Frequency Diversity Radar
Functional Block Diagram
Fluctuation Loss
Adaptation Of the Radar Equation
Polarimetric Radar
Intrapulse Modulation
Synthetic Aperture Radar
Secondary Radar
Functional Block Diagram
Mode A/C
Mode A/C Uplink Formats
Reply (Downlink) Format
Side Lobe Suppression
Fruit
Garbling
Mode S
Mode S Interrogation
Individually Mode S Interrogation
Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK)
Reply Formats
Squitter Mode
Transponder

 MIMO Radar
4. Radar Devices
Antenna
Characteristics

Antennna Gain
Adalah ratio antara jumlah energi yg di propagasikan
dibandingkan dg energi yg dipropagasikan jika antena tidak
directional (radiasi isotropis)
Pola radiasi adl cara memplot energi yg diradiasikan dari
antena. Bentuknya bergantung pd tipe antena yg digunakan.
Tipe polanya adalah rectangular dan coordinate polar

Beam Width
Main and Sidelobe
Front and Back Ratio
Aperture

Parabolic Dish Antenna

Slot Antenna
Cosecant Squared Pattern
Cassegrain Antenna
Phased Array Antenna
Principle of Operation
Feeding Systems
Crows Nest Antenna
Phase Shifter Devices
Monopulse Antenna
Dulexer
Diplexer
Transmitter
Overview
Transmitter radar menghasilkan durasi pula yang pendek dg
daya RF tinggi diradiasikan ke udara oleh antena. Berikut
karakteristik teknis dan operasi yang dibutuhkan oleh
transmitter radar :
1. Mampu untuk menghasilakn daya RF rata2 dan peak
power yg diperlukan
2. Sesuai dg Bandwith RF
3. mudah dimodulasikan dg persyaratan waveform
4. efisien, reliable dll

 Pseudo Coherent Radar

Functional Blok Diagram
Modulator
Thyratron
Magnetron
Coherent Radar
Concept of Coherence
Functional Block Diagram
Cross-Field Amplifier
Travelling Wave Tube
Solid State Amplifier
Transmitter Modulates of Active Antennas
Receiver
Superheterodyne
Functional Block Diagram
Sinyal RF yang diterima harus ditransformasikan ke
dalam video sinyal untuk mendapatkan informasi yang
dibutuhkan dr echo sinyal. Transformasi ini dibuat
oleh penerima super heterodyne.

The superheterodyne receiver changes the rf

frequency into an easier to process lower IFfrequency. This IF- frequency will be amplified
and demodulated to get a videosignal.
RF-Carrier berasal dari antena dan dilakukan
filter, output dari filter menghasilkan sinyal
dengan frekuensi yang dibutuhkan sesuai dg
band frekuensi. Kemudian frekuensi ini di proses
pada mixer. Mixer juga menerima input dari localoscilator. Dua sinyal ini slg mengalahkan untuk

mendapatkan IF (intermediet frekuensi) melalui

proses heterodyning. Perbedaan pada frekuensi
ini disebut IF. IF-carrier di proses pada IFamplifier kemudian dikirim ke detector. Output
dari detector adalah video sinyal.

Image-Frequency Interferences
Double Heterodyning
Automatic Gain Control Methods
Automatic Frequency Control
Amplitude Detector
Coherent Radar Technology
Clutter
Doppler Effect
Pulse Pair Processing
Dopler Filter
Blind Speed
Blind speed bergantung pada frekuensi yg
ditransmisikan dan PRF dari pulsa radar.
Perbandingan dari sinyal echo antara dua periode
pulsa atau lebih .... nilai dari pergeseran phase adalah
nol, sehingga target tidak dapat dikenali sebagai taget
yang bergerak

 Radar Scopes
A- scope
B Scope
PPI - Scope
Radar Signal Processing
I & Q Phase Detector
Hit Processor
Sliding Window
Centre of Mass Correlation
Local Tracking
5. Service
About Us
Sitemap
Druckversionen
Print Versions
Literature
Appendices
Semiconductors
Propagation of Electromagnetics Waves
Characteristics of Transmission Lines
Radar Sets
Metrics Measurement Units

- Slant Range is The actual range of a target from the radar

The now following graph shows the rectangular-coordinated graphfor

the same source. In the rectangular-coordinate graph, points are located by
projection from a pair of stationary, perpendicular axes. The horizontal axis
on the rectangular-coordinate graph corresponds to the circles on the
polar-coordinate graph. The vertical axis on the rectangular-coordinate
graph corresponds to the rotating axis (radius) on the polar-coordinate
graph. The measurement scales in the graphs can have linear as well as
logarithmic steps.

Base band
Pass band