International Scientific Conference

Light and Photonics: Science and Technology

dedicated to

International Year of Light and Light-based Technologies-2015

BOOK
OF

ABSTRACTS

22nd May, 2015

1

Alecu Russo Balti State University,

Republic of Moldova
Editorial board
Pavel TOPAL, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, Dean of Faculty of Exact, Economic
and Environment Sciences, Alecu Russo Bli State University, responsible editor
Veaceslav URSACHI, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, Academy of Sciences of Moldova
Igor EVTODIEV, Doctor Habilitat, Associated Professor, State University of Moldova
Dumitru NEDELCU, PhD, University Professor, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of
Iai, President of ModTech Professional Association, Iai, Romnia
Sebastian POPESCU, PhD, Associated Professor, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iai,
Romnia
Igor POSTOLACHI, PhD, Associated Professor, Vice-Rector, State University of Tiraspol
Alexandr OJEGOV, PhD, Alecu Russo Bli State University, technical editor

Organization committee
Chairman:
Pavel TOPAL, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, Dean of Faculty of Exact, Economic
and Environment Sciences, Alecu Russo Bli State University
Members:
Veaceslav URSACHI, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, Academy of Sciences of Moldova
Petru GAIN, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, State University of Moldova
Valeriu ABRAMCIUC, PhD, Associated Professor, Alecu Russo Bli State University
Dumitru NEDELCU, PhD, University Professor, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of
Iai, President of ModTech Professional Association, Iai, Romnia
Sebastian POPESCU, PhD, Associated Professor, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iai,
Romnia
Igor POSTOLACHI, PhD, Associated Professor, Vice-Rector, State University of Tiraspol

Scientific Committee
Chairman:
Ion TIGHINEANU, Academician, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, Senior Vice-President
of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova
Members:
Valeriu CANER, Academician, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, President of the
National Accreditation and Certification Council, Republic of Moldova
Ionel Valentin VLAD, Academician, University Professor, President of the Romanian Academy
Pavel TOPAL, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, Dean of Faculty of Exact, Economic
and Environment Sciences, Alecu Russo Bli State University
Dumitru LUCA, PhD, University Professor, Vice-Rector Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of
Iai, Romnia
Teodor MUNTEANU, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, National
Accreditation and Attestation, Republic of Moldova

Council

for

Anatolie SIDORENKO, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova,

Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, Director of the Ghitu Institute of Electronic Engineering
and Nanotechnologies, Republic of Moldova
Veaceslav PERJU, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, vice president of the National
Council of Accreditation and Attestation, Republic of Moldova
3

Valerian DOROGAN, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, Vice-Rector of the Technical

University of Moldova
Ala COJOCARU, Dr., Christian-Albrechts Universitaet, Kiel, Germania
Laureniu SLTINEANU, PhD, University Professor, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University
of Iai, Romnia
Dumitru NEDELCU, PhD, University Professor, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of
Iai, President of ModTech Professional Association, Iai, Romnia
Niciolae SRBU, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, Technical University of Moldova
Mihail CARAMAN, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, State University of Moldova
Shavkat YULDASHEV, PhD, D. Sc., Dongguk University, South Korea
Volodymyr TSMOTS, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, Drohobych Ivan Franko State
Pedagogical University, Ukraine
C. MYNBAEV, Doctor Habilitat, Ioffe Institute, Russia
Sveatoslav MOSCALENCO, Academician, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, Institute of
Applied Physics, Academy of Sciences of Moldova
Leonid CULIUC, Academician, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, Institute of Applied
Physics, Academy of Sciences of Moldova
Roman SCHRITTWIESER, PhD, University Professor, Institute for Ion Physics and Applied
Physics, Innsbruck, Austria
Eugen GHEORGHI, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, State University of Tiraspol
Victor ONTEA, PhD, Associated Professor, Technical University of Moldova
Igor EVTODIEV, Doctor Habilitat, Associated Professor, State University of Moldova
Mircea DRAGOMAN, PhD, University Professor, National Institute of Research and
Development in Microtechnologies, Bucharest, Romnia
Dana DOROGOI, PhD, University Professor, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iai, Romnia
Mihail CARAMAN, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, State University of Moldova
Nicolae SOBOLEV, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Nicolae IONESCU, PhD, Associated Professor, "Politehnica" University of Bucharest, Romnia
Valeriu ABRAMCIUC, PhD, Associated Professor, Alecu Russo Bli State University
Eugeniu PLOHOTNIUC, PhD, Associated Professor, Alecu Russo Bli State University
Valeriu GUAN, PhD, Associated Professor, Alecu Russo Bli State University
Mihail POPA, PhD, Associated Professor, Alecu Russo Bli State University
Vitalie BELIU, PhD, Associated Professor, Alecu Russo Bli State University
Ion OLARU, PhD, Associated Professor, Alecu Russo Bli State University
4

Silviu GURLUI, PhD, Associated Professor, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iai, Romnia
Andrzej WROBEL, Dr. Ing., Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Olivera MILOSEVIC, Professor, Institute of Technical Sciences, Belgrade, President of
Belgrade ModTech Branch, Serbia
Radhey Shyam BENIWAL, Dr., CSIR-NISCAIR, New Delhi, India
Octavian PRUTEANU, PhD, University Professor, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of
Iai, Vice-President of ModTech Professional Association, Iai, Romnia
Corneliu MUNTEANU, PhD, University Professor, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of
Iai, Romnia
Emil OANTA, PhD, University Professor, Vice-Rector, Maritime University of Constana,
Romnia
Constantin CARAUSU, Associated Professor, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iai,
Romnia
Viorel COHAL, Associated Professor, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iai,
Romnia
Alexandar MAKEDONSKI, PhD, University Professor,Technical University of Sofia, Bulgaria

Sponsors

AGEPI, State Agency on Intellectual Property of the Republic of Moldova

Republic of Moldova, Chisinau, Andrei Doga Str., 24/1
Director: Lilia Bolocan

StarNet SRL, Republic of Moldova, Chisinau, Vlaicu Parcalab Str., 52

INCERCOM .S., Republic of Moldova, Chisinau, Independentei Str. 6/1

Director: Anatolii Izbnda

Moldagrotehnica SA, Republic of Moldova, Balti, Industriala str., 4

Director: Podureac Vasilii
Proiect Energetic SRL, Republic of Moldova, Balti, Conev Str., 52/28
Director: Eduard Pulbere
Chiseliov Serghei Nicolai
ALAVITANORD SRL, Republic of Moldova, Balti, Traian Str., 6
Director: Valerian Epure
Energetic SRL
Director: Carolina Babii

ModTech Professional Association,

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Blvd. Carol I, No. 28A, Bl.E4, Sc.B, Et.1, Ap.6, 700504, Iasi, Romania
Director: Dumitru Nedelcu
Program Sections
Plenary Session / Invited Speakers
Polyvalent Room, Block no. 1
Chairman: Pavel TOPAL, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, Dean of Faculty of Exact,
Economic and Environment Sciences, Alecu Russo Bli State University
Ion TIGHINEANU, Academician, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor,
Senior Vice-President of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova.
Convergence between electronic and light technologies or how electron
and light work for humanity
Corneliu MUNTEANU, PhD, University Professor, Gheorghe Asachi
Technical University of Iai, Romnia
Morphological aspects of zirconia coating on Ti-Zr alloy obtained with
athmospheric plasma spraying technique

Dumitru LUCA, PhD, University Professor, Vice-Rector Alexandru Ioan

Cuza University of Iai, Romnia
Light in Photo-catalysis. Todays facts - future challenges

Sections of the Conference

1. Light and Photonics Science, Block no. 5, Room 533
Chairman: Veaceslav URSACHI, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, Academy of Sciences
of Moldova
2. Light and Photonics Technology, Block no. 5, Room 505
Chairman: Anatolie SIDORENKO, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of
Moldova, Doctor Habilitat, University Professor, Director of the Ghitu Institute of Electronic
Engineering and Nanotechnologies, Republic of Moldova
3. Light and Photonics Teaching, Block no. 5, Room 531
Chairman: Igor EVTODIEV, Doctor Habilitat, Associated Professor, State University of
Moldova

CZU: 621.315.592
8

STRUCTURAL, SURFACE STUDIES AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE CdSe

THIN FILMS DEPOSITED BY CLOSE SPACE SUBLIMATION METHOD
Duca D., Dobromir M., Nica V., Potlog T.
Influence of substrate temperature on the structural, composition and optical properties of
deposited CdSe thin films are presented here. Thin films of CdSe were deposited on glass
substrates covered with SnO2 by varying the substrate temperature in the interval (170-300) oC.
The structural, composition and optical properties of the grown samples were investigated by
XRD, XPS and UV-VIS spectrometry. The all as-deposited CdSe films shows polycrystalline
nature and exhibit hexagonal crystallinity with (002) preferential orientation around 2=25.5.
The lattice parameters, grain size, average internal stress, microstrain, dislocation density in the
films were calculated. With the increase of the substrate temperature from 170oC to 250oC the
crystallite size is increased from 34.66 nm to 44.97 nm respectively, but with further increase of
the substrate to 300 C, the crystallite size in this direction decreases. Also, we determined
elemental composition of CdSe films by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The XPS spectra
correspond to individual elements of the CdSe thin film. The strong peaks at 411.9 eV and 405.1
eV correspond to Cd3d3/2 and Cd3d5/2 binding energies. The peaks at 55.1 eV and 54.2 eV
measured in the Se energy region is attributed to the Se3d3/2 and Se3d5/2 transitions,
respectively. The small shift in the binding energy of Se from their standard values is due to the
presence of adsorbed oxygen. The optical study shows that the CdSe thin films possess direct
allowed transition. The band gap has been found around 1.71 eV for the CdSe films obtained at
170oC, 250oC and 300oC whereas the band gap of CdSe deposited at 220oC increase
approximately to 1.72 eV.

CZU: 621.315.592
MORPHOLOGY, COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF THE
Cd1-xZnxS THIN FILMS
Cazac V., Duca D., Potlog T.
II-VI compound semiconductors with a variable band gap have interesting optical
applications, such as solar cell, photodetector and laser. The Cd 1-x Zn

S thin films has been

prepared by the close space sublimation method using a mechanically alloyed mixture of CdS
and ZnS.

The morphology, composition and structural properties have been investigated

through the SEM, EDX and X-ray analysis. SEM images indicated that the grains were increased
after Zn diffusion in the Cd 1-x Zn x S thin films occurs. The composition analysis made by the
energy dispersive X-ray technique confirmed the presence of Zn in Cd1-x Zn x S thin films. The Xray diffraction patterns of these films show that films are polycrystalline and revealed that the
most intense peaks corresponded to cubic CdS and hexagonal ZnS phases. The preferential plane
crystallization of ZnS phase was observed changing with increasing of the source temperature.
At Tev = 700oC the preferred orientation of ZnS is [002], while for the Tev = 750oC preferred
orientation becomes [110]. The crystallite size of CdS phase were about 20 nm, which was
increased up to 25 nm after increasing Zn composition in Cd 1-x Zn

S thin films. The EDX

analysis indicated that Zn replaced Cd and the composition of Cd was decreased after Zn
diffusion with a slight increase in S shown.

10

CZU: 621.375.826
PHONON COOLING CORRELATING DYNAMICS
Crlig Sergiu
We investigated the unsteady-state cooling dynamics of vibrational quanta related to a
nanomechanical oscillator coupled with a laser-pumped quantum dot in an optical resonator.
Nanoresonator flexion modifies dots energy levels and for a set of parameters absorption of
laser photon and nano-resonator phonon is followed by photon emission in cavity mode (Fig. 1).
Such scheme of photon/phonon absorption/emission allows detection of nanoresonator cooling
due to cavity photon emission.

Fig. 1. Studied model consisting from semiconductor beam with attached quantum dot
suspended in optical cavity

11

CZU: 621.315.592
MICROSCOPY AND MOSSBAUER STUDIES OF IRON STATES IN DOPED GALIUM
ANTIMONIDE
Turt Constantin, Teodorescu Valentin Serban, Mihlache Alexei, Gheorghi Eugen,
Volodina Galina, Filoti George
A single crystal of gallium antimonide doped with 3 at.%

57

Fe was obtained via the

Czochralski method. The Mssbauer investigations revealed four iron patterns - one diamagnetic
and three Fe magnetically ordered sites, even at room temperature. The data suggested that iron
containing compounds are formed at grain boundaries and the microscopy images revealed the
presence of two types of boundaries and holes of different shape and size (Fig. 1, 2). The EDX
spectrum provided different amounts of Fe in the crystal (GaSb) and, respectively, at the
boundary area.

Fig. 1. Optical image (in reflection) of axis

Fig. 2. Domain oriented in <111> zone of the

the GaSb-Fe TEM specimen

cubic GaSb structure

CZU: 621.315.592
12

MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ZIRCONIA COATING ON Ti-Zr ALLOY

OBTAINED WITH ATHMOSPHERIC PLASMA SPRAYING TECHNIQUE
Istrate Bogdan, Barca Eduard Sebastian, Munteanu Corneliu
In recent years different types of titanium alloys have been investigated with the aim of
utilizing materials in biomaterials field, and TiZr system alloys are very promising materials. In
this paper, microstructure and morphology of ZrO 2-CaO coating deposited on Ti-55Zr alloy is
investigated. Zirconia ceramic coating was deposited using Sulzer Metco 9MCE atmospheric
plasma spraying, in order to improve corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. Microstructure
and phase analysis of based material and ceramic coating were investigated using scanning
electron microscopy (Fig. 1, 2), X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The coated layer presents a
homogenous aspect with an average thickness layer of 120 microns and some small cracks and
splats.

Splats

a)

b)

c)

d)

Fig. 1. SEM images of ZrO2-CaO cross-section coating

a)

b)

Fig. 2. EDAX analysis of cross-section coating

CZU: 621.315.592
13

QUANTUM PROPERTIES OF HIGH-FIELD GALVANOMAGNETIC EFFECTS IN

TWISTING BICRYSTALS OF 3D TOPOLOGICAL INSULATOR Bi1-xSbx
Muntyanu M. Fiodor, Gilewski Andrzej, Chistol Vitalie, Rogacki Krzysztof
Magnetoresistance and Hall effects in twisting bicrystals of 3D topological insulator
Bi1-xSbx were studied in magnetic fields up to 40 T. For bicrystals with large crystallite
disorientation angle, oscillations of the galvanomagnetic effects were observed revealing that in
quasi 2D crystallite interfaces the density of states is higher and the charge carriers are heavier
than in bulk. Our results show that in twisting bicrystals of 3D topological insulator different
quantum electronic states can be induced and controlled by the crystallite disorientation angle
and magnetic field.

CZU: 621.315.592
14

MORPHOLOGICAL AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS OF CH3NH3PbI3

PEROVSKITE SEMICONDUCTOR
Plesco Irina, Ghimpu Lidia, Ciobanu Vladimir, Volodina Galina, Tighineanu Ion
This kind of material is considered very promising for use in photovoltaics. Large family
of

perovskites

include

insulating,

antiferromagnetic,

piezoelectric,

thermoelectric,

superconductive, conductive and semiconductive materials. Semiconductive perovskites used in

photovoltaics have some precious advantages as processability from solutions on the room
temperature, low price, tunability of optical and electrical properties by chemical methods, also
color tunability. Therefore initial study of this material has included Rntgen faze analysis. Was
observed that on perovskite concentration of 40% with 1:1 rate of PbI 2:CH3NH3I just a part of
lead-iodide has reacted and it wasnt completely compensated. Results of proper investigations
were compared with published results of international research groups.

CZU: 621.375.826
15

QUANTUM DYNAMICS OF ACOUSTICAL PHONON STATISTICS

Ceban Victor, Macovei A. Mihai
We present a model of the quantum control via a laser light of the phonon statistics of an
acoustical field and of the population inversion of a qubit. The phonon field is created in an
acoustical multilayered nanocavity with a single-mode field being selected and it interacts with
the thermal environment as well as with a qubit embedded in the cavity. The considered qubit is
made of a quantum dot (QD). The confinement of the acoustical fields' quantum statistics is
possible via driving the QD with an intense laser light, which for a proper detuning from the
QD's transition frequency and for a well-chosen intensity may lead to sub-Poissonian distributed
steady-state phonon fields (Fig. 1). Furthermore, we show that for higher damping rates phonon
assisted QD's population inversion occurs under the action of the created phonon fields with
quantum statistics.

Fig. 1. The second-order correlation function

number n

(2 )
g (0)

(continuous curve), the mean phonon

(dotted curve) and the QDs population inversion W

functions of the lasers detuning
3

(a) For a low damping regime with / =5 10

(dashed curve) as

/2 :

and (b) for a high damping regime with

/ =15 . The vertical axis are representing, from left to right:

(2 )
g (0) , W

and n .

16

The other models parameters are: n =0.01 ,2 / =25 ,

g/ =25

c / =0.1

p h / =35

CZU: 621.315.592
INVESTIGATION OF OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF ZnSxSe1-x THIN FILMS
Popa Mihail
ZnSxSe1-x thin films (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) were prepared from thermal
evaporation technique in quasi closed volume with a thickness between 0.2 and 1.0 m.
Transmission, reflection and absorption spectrums of polycrystalline ZnS xSe1-x thin films have
been studied. It has been discovered that in wavelength range 380 - 1100 nm reflection
coefficient does not exceed 0.5% and the transmission coefficient is between 75-97%. This tells
us that ZnSxSe1-x thin films are transparent and absorption of electromagnetic waves in these
layers is also relatively small. The values of optical band gap determined from date of reflection
and absorbtion spectra (Eg = 2.68 3.5eV) are in a good agreement with the values of band gap
energy obtained for bulk crystals. From the transmission spectra, using the "envelope" method
proposed by Swanepoel, was determined the refractive index of the polycrystalline ZnS xSe1-x thin
films. It decreases with increasing of thickness and increasing after the heat treatment. For the
explication of the normal dispersion of the refractive index has been used a single oscillator
model.

17

CZU: 621.315.592
THE STUDY OF PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY AND LUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF
ZnSxSe1-x THIN FILMS
Popa Mihail
ZnSxSe1-x thin films were prepared from vacuum evaporated technique on the glass
substrates using powders of ZnS and ZnSe. Structural analysis, surface morphology and
composition of thin films had been perfected from XRD, SEM and EDAX technique. Diffraction
patterns determined that ZnSxSe1-x thin films have a cubic structure of zinc blende type, with a
strong orientation of the crystallite after the crystalline plane (111). The composition analysis
revealed that films were nearly stoichiometric. Relaxation curves of the photoconductivity of
ZnSxSe1-x thin films were studied for different temperature. It notes that the stationary
photoconductivity st decreases with increasing of sample temperature. This is explained by the
fact that at higher temperatures the concentration of charge carriers is greater balance and this is
why increases of recombination probability (R ). From the relaxation curves of
photoconductivity and photoluminescence of ZnSxSe1-x thin films was calculated lifetime () of
nonequilibrium charge carriers. Value of relaxation time decreases with increasing sample
temperature. Level location energy of recombination centers was determined from
photoluminescence spectral dependence and catch levels ionization energy values were
calculated from thermoluminescence spectral dependence of ZnSxSe1-x thin films.

18

CZU: 543.3:502.5(204)
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF SOME PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL
FEATURES OF WATER QUALITY
Luchian Efimia
Since water is one of the most important elements in human life and activity, its quality
investigation and insurance plays a very important role. The conductivity, pH, temperature and
dissolved oxygen (DO2) are very important physico-chemical indices in water quality assessing.
This work aim is to exemplify these parameters measurements and
water quality control. The analysis of drinking water physical and
chemical properties was performed on a group of samples of
different trademarks of bottled water found on Moldovan market.
The analyzed physical and chemical characteristic indexes are
conductivity, pH and dissolved oxygen (DO2) in water. These indexes
were investigated with Water Quality MultiMeasure Sensor PS-2169
equipped with electrodes specific for each type of measurement
(Figure 1). For data acquisition the sensor is connected to computer
via the device SPARK Science Learning System. The conductivity
component sensor measures the electrolytic conductivity of aqueous
solutions. It determines the conductivity by applying an alternating
voltage to the electrode cell at the end of the probe and measuring Fig. 1. Water Quality
the resulting current. The pH electrode produces a voltage MultiMeasure Sensor with
proportional to the pH of the solution that it is immersed in. This PASPORT interface.
voltage is measured by the multi-sensor, which computes pH. The
DO2 probe consists of a platinum (Pt) cathode and a silver (Ag)
anode surrounded by potassium chloride (KCl(aq)) electrolyte filling solution with a silicon
membrane separating the filling solution from the test solution. When the probe is placed in an
aqueous medium that contains dissolved oxygen, O2 molecules diffuse across the membrane and
react with water molecules (H2O) in the presence of electrons from the cathode to form
hydroxide ions (OH-). Hydroxide ions diffuse to the anode and react with silver atoms, forming
silver oxide (Ag2O), H2O, and free electrons. The net movement of negative charge (electrons)
from the cathode to the anode is measured by the sensor as an electric current. Since the rate of
O2 diffusion across the membrane is proportional DO2 concentration, the rate of these reactions
and the resulting electric current is also proportional to DO2 concentration.

19

Fig. 2. The conductivity dependence of temperature

As a result of the performed experiments it

was found that the impurity level is higher only in one sample, whose conductivity exceeds the
maximum amount indicated in Normative Documents (2500 S/cm). Conductivity value for the
other sampleswas within the allowable limits. After investigation of conductivity temperature
dependence it was found that it increases linearly with temperature increase (Figure 2). The pH
value was within stipulated limits (6.5 9.5) for all samples, taking values of 8.32 8.96. Thus,
we can say that analyzed water is alkaline. Dissolved oxygen values were also within normal
limits, the highest concentration was recorded for sample no. 4 (18.5 mg / l) and the lowest (10.0
mg / l) for sample no. 2.
CZU: 621.371.33
INVESTIGATIONS IN THE FIELD OF INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION OF
LIGHT
Deleu Gabriela, Evtodiev Igor
Using the principles of interference and diffraction of light, in the lab are investigated
possibilities of one digital lab, to determine the linear dimensions of the objects with reduced
dimensions in general and in particular use the graphical method is proposed for determining the
distance between two slits which are in parallel at very small a distance in a device.
Digital lab includes Data collection system ; Rotary motion sensor ; High sensitivity light
sensor; Sensor extension cable; Linear Translator; Optics bench, 1.2-m1; Red diode laser ( =
632 nm); Precision Diffraction Slits; Aperture Bracket.
20

In Figure 1 is presented pattern from red light passing through a narrow slit. In the pattern
are very clear areas of higher and lower intensity which are the result of very conditional
constructive and destructive interference between waves of light.

Figure 1 Red laser diffraction pattern through a single slit

When more than one slit is present, the diffraction pattern produced by each slit will
interfere with other patterns from other slits. With two very narrow slits separated by a distance
d, the interference pattern consists of many additional areas of bright and dark fringes compared
to those from a single slit diffraction pattern (figure 2); however, it is still very clear that
diffraction is occurring as you can see the distinct areas of higher and lower intensity that match
those from a single-slit diffraction pattern.

Figure 2 Red laser interference and diffraction pattern through two slits
Knowing the wavelength of the laser radiation, measuring the distance from the slits to
the screen system and interference fringes respective corresponding angle relative to the main
peak was calculated distance between slots is equal to d = 53.2 m.

21

CZU: 621.373.1
THE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF IDEAL AND REAL HARMONIC OSCILLATORS
Koss Alexander, Evtodiev Igor
The following research was dedicated to studying and experimenting with harmonic
oscillators of all kinds. The equipment used was a portable computer, the PASCO Spark, a
force sensor, 3 different springs and weights. The portable computer is responsible for storing the
data received from the force sensor, and constructing a ForceTime graph. The force sensor has a
range of 50 N, an accuracy of 0.1 N and a recording speed of up to 1000 Hz. It is also equipped
with a reset button to automatically set it to 0 N. The springs used in the experiment differed in
damping. The first spring had a very low damping coefficient, so after the weight was released
they continued oscillating for a very long time, fading away only very slightly. The second
spring had a medium damping coefficient, so the time it took for the oscillations to fade was
much shorter, then with the first spring. The third spring however had a very high damping
coefficient, so the oscillations only continued for about 6 seconds.
The experiment itself was performed by hanging a weight on the spring, and starting the
data recording as soon as the weight is dropped. In all 3 experiments the data was recorded at a
frequency of 100 Hz. Afterwards, the computer built Force-Time graphs for every experiment.
This allowed us to visualize the difference between the 3 springs. The computer used in the
experiment has a very useful ability of
generating functions for graphs. This can
be done in order to study ideal harmonic
oscillations. A Sine Fit graph can be
generated precisely from the data using
average values. On the image below is
illustrated the graph received from the 3rd
spring with a high damping coefficient
and the function assigned to it.
The function generated from the
graph continues forever, and can be used for further research in the field of beats, which are
automatically calculated and simulated by the computer. Thanks to the precise data recording
equipment human errors can be minimized, which leads to very little inaccuracies in
calculations.

22

CZU: 535.34:621.373
EMISSION SPECTRA FOR ANALYSING ELEMENTS IN CLUES USING OPTICAL
METHODS
Koss Alexander, Evtodiev Silvia
The following research was dedicated to the investigation of emission spectra of different
elements and their utilization in the analysis of clues. The equipment used was a spectrometer,
the Red Tide USB-650, and an application called Overture. The spectrometer has a spectral
range from 350 nm to 1000 nm. Its a very lightweight and portable device, not taking up much
space and weighting only 190 g. The sensitivity of the device is 75 photons at a wavelength of
400 nm. The optical resolution of the spectrometer is 2 nm, while the program can display
accurate graphs with a resolution of up to 0.1 nm. The spectrometers integration time ranges
from 3 ms to up to 65 seconds, but typically it doesnt exceed 15 seconds. For very precise data
recording the spectrometer can also be used using optic fibers. The program used has a library of
emission spectra of different elements.
The experiment is performed by making the substance emit photons by exciting it. The
light from this substance are received by the spectroscope and data is transmitted to the
computer. The program generates an Intensity-Wavelength graph right away. But to analyze and
detect elements in clues a graph is
not the only required thing.
Luckily, we have access to the
emission spectra library built into
the

program.

Those

can

be

enabled and disabled to detect if

the given element is present in the
earlier analyzed substance. Here is
an example of what it looks like:
on the following image is the data
received

from

pointing

the

spectrometer at a mercury lamp and activating the mercury emission spectrum in the library.
The peaking lines are the emission spectra of mercury. Their presence indicates that
mercury is present in the substance. Such a method can be used to detect elements in clues using
spectral methods at remarkable speeds and accuracies.

23

CZU: 535.34:621.373
ROLE OF OPTICAL RADIATION IN DIGITIZED MEASUREMENTS
Bulhac Daniela, Evtodiev Silvia, Evtodiev Igor
In this work is studied the role of optical radiation in digital linear metrology
measurements, that develops both experimental and
theoretical determinations at any level of uncertainty
in the application applied science and technology
expertise. Chemical and physical measurements
provide digitization, information processing and
display it in graphical, numerical and tabular. To
enhance the quality of experimental tests, we use
digital measuring instruments. This work
investigates the optical sensor for
movement
characterization (S.O.M) that allows reading
position, velocity and acceleration furnished with a
Fig. 1 The emission spectrum of hot
frequency up to 49 kHz. S.O.M has a SPARK
body W at 2250 K.
system, which expressly favors while reading and
collecting experimental data both in the laboratory
building, as well as mobile. As an object of study were investigated laws of motion of a
harmonic
oscillator
and
interpretation
of
experimental results were performed by the
analytical determination of functions which
describes the laws of motion. For each
measurement, the transducer transmits ultrasonic
pulses 16 package. This package of pulses, creates a
echo sound which is heard as a single click. The
package of ultrasonic pulses are reflected from the
surface of the investigated object, then are returning
to the sensor. Target indicator flashes on the sensor
optical when encoder detects the echo, and the
sound intensity decreases with increasing distance.
Fig. 2 Emission spectrum of a gas
Thanks of optical methods were investigated samples
discharge tube
with submicron size (0,350 1,100 m) using digital
spectrometer. Complementary spectrometer was used for raising absorption spectra, transmission
and reflection of pre-selected samples as a subject and conducted research in atomic
spectroscopy, emission and absorption. In the Figure 1 is shown the spectrum of radiation
emitted by hot bodies (T = 2250K, W filament, in a incandescent condition). For comparison in
the Figure 2, is represented the emission spectrum of the optical radiation of the tube with
mercury vapor gas discharge. On the background of the continuous spectrum of FL, ZnS
substance is observed discrete emission spectra of atoms of mercury.

24

CZU: 621.371.31
THE INFLUENCE OF SOLVENT NATURE ON THE ELECTRONIC ABSORPTION
SPECTRA OF SOME ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Gritco (Todirascu) Antonina, Morosanu Cezarina, Creanga Dorina-Emilia
The study of solvent influence on the molecular electronic spectra (Fig. 1) of biologically
active compounds is crucial for the explanation of chemical and physical properties of studied
compounds, in establishing of solute-solvent interaction nature, in obtaining information on the
nature of energetic transitions underlying the generation of electronic spectral bands as well as
for the understanding of reaction mechanisms. The main purpose of this study was the
application of spectral method for revealing the rifampicin (Fig. 2) interaction ability with
various organic solvents. From the accomplished study it was found that to the increase of the
solvent refractive index the red shift also increased, as proof of the dominancy of dispersive
interactions in the rifampicin diluted solutions.

Fig. 1. Optical radiation spectrum

Fig. 2. Rifampicin chemical structure

CZU: 535.2
25

LIGHT IN NANOSCIENCE: MEASURING THE NANOPARTICLES

Brinza Florin, Tascu Sorin, Olaru Ion
Increasing the importance and studyes regarding nanoparticle application and
characterization has demanded new methods for their measurements. Particle size and orientative
shape is the first goal in nanoparticle production. Paper describe two light-based methods
frequently used in nanoparticle size measurement: dynamic light scattering DLS, and
nanoparticle tracking analysis NTA, comparing performances, advantages and limits of each
method. One of these methods can be easily implemented in nanoparticles characterization
laboratory.

References
1. Dynamic Light Scattering: An Introduction. Malvern LTD Technical note, 2010.
2. Bob Carr, Patrick Hole, Andrew Malloy, Philip Nelson, MatthewWright, Jonathan Smith,
Applications of nanoparticle tracking analysis in nanoparticle research amini review. European
Journal of Parenteral & Pharmaceutical Sciences 2009; 14(2): 45-50.

CZU: 621.371.35
26

ABOUT A POSSIBLE DEVIATION FROM THE GEOSTROPHIC OF THE

IONOSPHERIC WIND IN THE TWILIGHT
Abramciuc Valeriu
In this article is presented the research results of dynamic processes in the upper layers of
Earth's atmosphere, the ionosphere E region. It is proposed and developed the concept of the
possibility of deviation from geostrophic of the ionospheric wind in the twilight conditions. They
made arguments in support of this hypothesis, given that the local deviation of the ionospheric
wind from geostrophic is determined by the specific terms and conditions, which are established
in the upper atmosphere during the transition from night to day or vice versa.
During the study of dynamic processes in the upper layers of the earth's atmosphere, it is
usually assumed that the air flow occurs horizontally, is linear and uniform, in the absence of
friction forces. This situation is typical for the conditions in which there are only two forces
balance one another - the pressure gradient and the Coriolis force - thus a large-scale
atmospheric circulation has quasi-geostrophic character - a gradient of pressure force virtually
offset by the Coriolis force. This implies that global motion of general circulation is sufficiently
close to geostrophic wind, i. e. is slightly curvilinear, little susceptible to friction and associated
with the distribution of pressure so that is oriented almost along isobars (perpendicular to the
pressure gradient). It follows the zonal orientation of the general circulation in the atmosphere.
In region E of the ionosphere, in twilight conditions, the friction layers are formed, and
therefore, currents are substantially different from the geostrophic wind and deviate significantly
from the isobars. Above friction layers also is violated the geostrophic airflow.
The paper presents some consequences of deviations from geostrophic of ionospheric
wind during periods of twilight. It is analyzed an important consequence - the emergence of
zones of intense turbulence environment, which contributes to the formation of plasma
irregularities.

CZU: 535.34:621.373
27

THE USE OF THE OPTICAL METHOD IN REGISTRATION OF TEMPERATURE

PULSATIONS AT SAMPLES INTENDED FOR THE STUDY OF THERMAL
PARAMETERS OF METALS AT HIGH TEMPERATURES
Bancila Simion
In this paper the study of entire complex of thermal properties (thermal diffusivity, heat
capacity and thermal conductivity) is based on the method of temperature radial waves.
The sample supposed to research takes the form of cylindrical wells filled with liquid
metal and is made of two tantalum tubes. Cavity surface was subjected to a periodic warming in
the form of realized by the vacuum electron bombardment. The outer surface temperature
variation was recorded by the optical method (depending on the brightness oscillations).
In the case of imposition of system geometry, thermal diffusivity was determined based
on the characteristic time established through comparing the curves of periodic variation of
temperature and heating power. When determining thermal capacity and thermal conductivity we
used the processed information on mentioned above curves, but taking into account the absolute
variation of the power and temperature.

CZU: 621.371:537.86
28

LIGHT ABSORPTION IN INDIVIDUAL INORGANIC MICRO PARTICLES

DEPOSITED ON OPTICAL TRANSPARENT SUPPORT AND SUSPENDED IN
OPTICAL HOMOGENOUS LIQUID
Evtodiev Silvia
In this work were studied the indicatrix of monochromatic radiation scattering with 623,8
nm wavelength from quartz and germanium nanoparticles and the diffuse light scattering spectra
from these particles, in 400-700 nm spectral range. As diffusion etalon a BaF2 bulk was used.

29

CZU: 621.315.592
PHOTOLUMINESCENCE OF GaSe SINGLE CRYSTALS INTERCALATED BY Cd
FROM SOLUTION
Dmitroglo Liliana
The photoluminescence of lamellar GaSe single crystals obtained by vapor phase and
electrolythic intercalation from aqueous solution of CdCl 2 was studied. By heat treatment at 753
K and 853 K of GaSe single crystal plates in Cd vapors during from 10 min to 24 hrs a new
material, composed from CdSe and GaSe crystallites with the average dimensions of 34 nm and
30 nm respectively, was obtained. As a result of Cd atoms interaction with Se atoms the CdSe
layers are formed on the external surface as well at Se-Ga-Ga-Se packing external surface. Cd 2++
ions electrochemically intercalated do not modify of the cristaline structure of the lamellar
nanocomposite. CdSe crystallites on the surface are growing in the form of plates in the direction
of C6 crystallographic axis. The photoluminescence PL spectrum of the obtained from Cd vapors
compoite at the temperatures of 78 K and 300 K contains dominant bands of the luminescence
emission spectrum of GaSe and CdSe composite components but the PL spectrum of the
composite obtained from H2O-CdCl2 solution contains the non-phononic emission bands of the
indirect non-excited excitons and of the indirect localized excitons.

30

CZU: 621.315.592
ELECTRICAL INSTABILITY IN GaSe NANOLAMELLAR STRUCTURES
INTERCALATED FROM CdCl2 SOLUTION
Spoiala Dorin
Recent years have seen increasing interest in analysis of the incorporation of metals,
organic complexes, and hydrogen into layered IIIV semiconductors in connection with the need
for crystals with tailored properties for various practical applications (power engineering,
sensors, electronics and optoelectronics). One of the most viable approaches to controlling the
properties of GaSe layered single crystals is electrochemical intercalation (incorporation):
targeted incorporation of foreign ions, atoms, and molecules into interlayer spaces. This
approach can be used to produce GaSe intercalation compounds with reproducible parameters
and tune their electrical and photo electrical properties using intercalationdeintercalation
processes. [1]. In this work, we report the results of our researches concerning the electrical
properties of GaSe single crystals intercalated from CdCl 2 solution. One of the faces of the
crystal is brought into contact with the electrolyte and held therein for 1300 hours. During this
time the kinetics of the change in resistance R and cyclic current-voltage I-U characteristics in
6 geometry were measured. Sudden step changes of the resistance encountered during the
entire time of exposure of the sample in the electrolyte. At the same time it appears as step
growth, and resistance reduction steps. The minimum value Rmin=36.0 was observed after 1060
hours of exposure, while the initial resistance decreased to 4336 times. In the process of
intercalation a radical change of the I-U characteristics were observed. First, we note the
appearance of regions with N- and S-types negative differential conductivity which was
manifested at both polarities of the external bias voltage (Fig.1, a). Secondly, attention is drawn
to existence on I-U curves of the broad current hysteresis at increasing and decreasing of applied
voltage. Thirdly, on all I-U curves were observed current instabilities, which appear as sharp
chaotic current changes at a slight change of applied voltage (Fig.1, a, b).
0 .0 2 0 0 0

0 .0 2 0
G a S e in C d C l2 s o lu tio n

G a S e in C d C l2 s o lu tio n
E C

0 .0 1 5

E C

0 .0 1 5

0 .0 1 0 0 0

0 .0 1 0

0 .0 0 5

I, A

I, A

0 .0 0 5
0 .0 0 0 0 0

0 .0 0 0
-0 .0 0 5

-0 .0 0 5

- 0 .0 1 0 0 0

-0 .0 1 0

-0 .0 1 5

-0 .0 1 5

- 0 .0 2 0 0 0
-6

-4

-2

U ,V

-6

-4

-2

U, V

(a)
(b)
Fig.1. I-U curves obtained at various times keeping the sample in the CdCl2
electrolyte: a 312.5 hours, b 456.5 hours.
However, the greatest scientific and practical interest represents the memristor effect
detected in this study (Fig.1, b). Memristive devices are promising components for
nanoelectronics with applications in nonvolatile memory and storage, defect-tolerant circuitry,
and neuromorphic computing [2]. The analyses of experimental data are performed. The possible
mechanisms of the negative differential conductivity and memristor effect manifested in the
intercalated samples are discussed.
[1] V.Boledzyuk, et all. Inorganic Materials, 2013, Vol. 49, No. 1, pp. 2227.
[2] M.D.Pickett, et all. Journal of Applied Physics, 2009, 106, 074508.
31

CZU: 621.315.592
PHOTOLUMINESCENCE OF NANOLAMELAR STRUCTURES WITH METAL DOTS
OBTAINED BY GaS MONOCRYSTAL INTERCALATION
Rotaru Irina
In this work are studied photoluminescence (PL) spectra from GaS crystals and GaS
crystals intercalated with Cd atoms. Metal atoms were intercalated by 6 hours heat tratament at
the temperature of 750K in metal vapor atmosphere. Gallium dots are created on external surface
and between S-Ga-Ga-S packages. This dots are aranged as distorted hexagons. PL spectra of Cd
intercalated crystals containes one simple contour band at 293K, and two bands at 78K. Band
with maximum at 2,424 eV has a complex structure, composed by phonon repeats of indirect
excitons emission.

32

CZU: 621.315.592
DISTRIBUTION OF Ga IMPURITY IN CRYSTALS GROWN BY
ZONE SUBLIMATION
Nikorich Valentina, Ketrush Petru, Nikorich Andrei
Study of the electronic properties of the narrow-gap PbTe, doped with different
impurities,

is stimulated by extensive use of AIVBVI semiconductors and their alloys in

optoelectronics for manufacturing IR-lasers and detectors for the wavelength range extending
from 1 to 40 m.
The results of the investigations of charge flow phenomena in Ga doped lead
chalcogenides (NGa= 0,5 at. % ) during the growth process by zone sublimation are presented in
the given paper. The studied samples unlike of undoped PbTe crystals had the n-type electrical
conductivity. The grown crystal length was of 5-6 cm, at this the electron concentration varied in
the limits from 2,71019 m-3 ( the initial segment) to 6,41018 m-3 (the final segment). In the
sample with NGa= 0,5 at. % the electrons concentration practically does not depend on
temperature (i.e. the pinning of the Fermi level is observed).
The crystals were subjected to thermal treating (at 5400 and 6500) with the
intermediate investigation of galvano-magnetic properties. The annealing at 5400 decreases the
charge carriers concentration by 2-3 orders of magnitude and allows to decrease the electron
concentration to 1,41016 m-3 and to increases their mobility to 3.10 4 m2/Vs. (at 80).

The

annealing at 6500 changes electrical conductivity type from n- to p-type and decreases the holes
mobility (up to ~ 9000 cm2/Vs), as the charge carriers concentration practically reaches the
same values as at the annealing at 5400.

33

CZU: 621.315.592
Eu3+ IONS PHOTOLUMINESCENCE IN Cd INTERCALATED GaSe
NANNOLAMELLAR STRUCTURES
Untila Dumitru
In this work were studied the crystalline structure and photoluminescence (PL) at 78K of
the composite obtained by Cd intercalation of GaSe:Eu single crystalline lamella, at 753K
temperature. The studied composite consist of microstructured CdSe and GaSe, and Eu3+ centers.
The PL specter of Eu doped GaSe single crystalline lamella intercalated with Cd is composed
from Eu3+ ion emission bands in GaSe (transitions 5D07F0,2,4, 5D17F2, 5D27F6), emission
band of indirect excitons in GaSe crystallites and emission band of CdSe crystallites from
compound.

34

CZU: 621.371.35
THE DAY-NIGHT TERMINATOR AND DISTURBANCES INDUCED IN THE
IONOSPHERE
Abramciuc Valeriu
The paper presents research results of the disturbances that are generated in the terrestrial
ionosphere due to the movement of the solar terminator. It was found that in the terminator
region occur substantial changes of parameters characteristic of the atmosphere, ionosphere and
magnetosphere. The mutual interaction of these regions is achieved through several mechanisms,
briefly analyzed in the paper.
Analysis of experimental data revealed that the interaction of conjugated magnetic
regions is carried by means of Alfven waves.

35

CZU: 621.315.592
FABRICATION OF TIO2 NANOTUBULAR MEMBRANES OPENED FROM BOTH
ENDS BY ELECTROCHEMICAL ANODIZATION TECHNIQUE
Ciobanu Vladimir, Enachi Mihail, Postolache Vitalie, Tighineanu Ion
Titanium dioxide is one of the most studied materials nowadays. TiO 2 nanotubulare
membranes find their applications in solar energy conversion, in hydrogen sensing, in catalysis
for decomposition of organic materials, in biomedical applications, etc.
In this paper we propose an electrochemical cost-effective method for obtaining bothends opened nanotubulare membranes. The method implies several stages: a first anodization
step for a short period of time followed by removal of the formed oxide, a second anodization for
growing the membrane, and a final stage of detaching the membrane from the metal surface.
By choosing the appropriate parameters for each stage, one can obtain nanotubulare
membrane with large surface and identical nanotube sizes.

36

CZU: 621.771.06
DEVELOPMENT OF PETRI-NET CONTROL MODELS FOR RECONFIGURABLE
MILLING MACHINES
Stambolov Grigor, Petkova P.
In modern automated manufacturing essential is the study of various processes and
systems is carried not through direct research of real objects or systems, designed by their
models. The mathematical instruments of Petri nets are power tool, which can to be useful for the
modeling and analysis of several classes of systems, including not only computer systems and
software, but and communication networks and production/process control systems in modern
manufacturing. In this paper the Petri-Net control models and specially they modification SignalInterpreted Petri Nets (SIPN) models are used for development of control applications of the
reconfigurable manufacturing machines on the level technological operations and structured in
library of knowledge.

37

CZU: 621.771.06
EFFECT OF THE COMBINED ELECTROPHYSICAL PROCESSING OF PROCESS
DEPENDENT VARIABLES DURING THE MILLING OF D2 STEEL

Makedonski Aleksandar, Makedonski Boris, Vilek Igor

The article presents the results from the application of a new method for raising the
exploitation characteristics of metal-cutting tools, which includes preliminary combined
magnetic field and ultrasound processing of the instrument. The indirect effect of the processing
on the cutting force as well as on the roughness of the processed surface and on the wearing of
the instruments during the milling process has been studied. It has been established that the
resultant cutting force has been reduced, the roughness characteristics have been increased and
the level of wearing of the instrument has been reduced, which is due to the occurring alterations
in the friction conditions in the zone of chip formation.

38

CZU: 621.95.02
DRILLING OF THE RECIRCULATION HOLES OF ROLLER CARRIAGES
Stoev Lachezar, Popov Todor
In this publication the research results during the drilling of the recirculation holes of
roller carriages are presented with two different types of drilling tools. The aim of the performed
comparative experiments is the effect of cutting data while drilling and influence of specific
geometric parameters of the tools in the prescribed dimensions, shape accuracy and the
roughness the recirculation holes of the roller carriage determine.

39

CZU: 621.37:615.849
COLOR IN ALTERNATIVE THERAPY
Benchea Andreea Celia, Babusca Daniela, Morariu Magdalena
Colors are perceived by our eyes in all possible shades and intensities, and they affect our
entire body. Chromo therapy is a natural method of treatment that uses the properties of colored
light to produce favorable reactions to restore health. The Bioptron lamp system is a medical
device for therapy with light, which acts by supporting the regenerative capacity and balancing
the body and helps the body to activate its own healing potential. A performed statistical
calculation demonstrates the color efficiency in health (Fig. 1, 2).

Fig. 1. Evolution of burns before and after application of the therapy

Fig. 2. Dermatological Status (Lichen Planus) before and after therapy

40

CZU: 621.375.826
EXTREME LIGHT INFRASTRUCTURE NUCLEAR PHYSICS (ELI-NP)
PROJECT AND RESEARCH PROGRAM
Negoi Florin
An overview of ELI-NP facility under construction and the parameters of its two main
machines, the High-Power Laser System (HPLS) and the Gamma Beam System (GBS), are
presented along with the broad fundamental and applied research program they will enable (Fig.
1). More details are given for the high-power laser driven nuclear physics experiments and the
instrumentation required by them.

Fig. 1. The 3D model of high-power laser experimental rooms and associated equipment

41

CZU: 621.371.3
REGULATION OF RADIATION TRANSMITTANCE THROUGH ELECTRO-OPTIC
TECHNOLOGIES
Calancea Laureniu, Vizitiv Gleb, Evtodiev Igor
There are three fundamental mode of heat transfer: diffusion, convection and radiation.
Although our modern windows are really good at blocking heat transferred from diffusion and
convection, a lot of energy is able to pass through them in the form of electro-magnetic waves,
mostly in the visible and infrared spectrum. It has been proven that even transparent curtains will
afford adequate protection from optical radiation in the ultraviolet region, but that all of them
will transmit high percentages of infrared radiation, while the solar irradiance is high in the
infrared spectrum. Using a system of polarizers active specifically for the range of the IR
spectrum with the highest irradiance, and a LCC we can alter the energy transmittance of
windows without blocking visible light. This way, using fewer energy than usual conditioning
systems we can control the temperature of the environment, without rendering our windows
opaque in the visible spectrum. This is achieved by using a system of combined Kerr and
Pockels cells, with high electro-optic constant, low energy expenses and longitudinal applied
voltage.

42

CZU: 621.9.048.4
THERMOGRAVIMETRIC AND ELECTRONIC MICROSCOPIC SEM ANALYSES
FOR GRAPHITE PELLICLES FORMED BY IMPULSE ELECTRIC DISCHARGES
PROCEDURES
Marin Laurentiu, Topala Pavel, Marin Catalina Daniela, Ojegov Alexandr
A set of metallic with 25 x 25x 2 mm dimensions samples were subjected to an impulse
electric discharges procedure. For the surface electric treatment of the metallic samples a
graphite electrode cathode were used. On the surface of the metallic samples a thin pellicle of
graphite was covered. This thin pellicle was subjected to a set of thermogravimetric analyses and
electronic microscopic analyses SEM. The thermogravimetric analyses of the pellicle brought to
light an interesting mass addition of the pellicle at some temperature points. The electronic
microscopic SEM analyses uncovered another interesting phenomenon: on the graphite pellicle a
lot of globular cluster structures are found.

CZU: 621.9.048.4
43

POLYURETHANE MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITES USED TO OBTAIN ANTI-SLIP,

ANTI-WEAR AND FIRE-RESISTANT FLOORS FOR PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, CIVIL
AND INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS

Marin Laurentiu, Topala Pavel, Marin Catalina Daniela, Sandu Teodor

Research and development activities presented were aimed at obtaining a nanocomposite
polyurethane matrix with special anti-wear, anti-slip and fire-resistant properties. Research and
development works were materialized by obtaining polyurethane nanocomposite matrix, by its
physico-chemical modification in order to give the desired technological properties and by
characterization of the obtained material. Polyurethane nanocomposite matrix was obtained by
reacting a PETOL 3 type polyetherpolyol (having a molecular weight of 5000 UAM) with a
diisocyanate under well-established reaction conditions. Target specific technological properties
were obtained by physical and chemical modification of polyurethane nanocomposite matrix.
The final result was getting a pellicle material based on modified nanocomposite polyurethane,
with anti-wear, anti-slip and fire-resistant properties, compatible with most substrates
encountered in civil and industrial construction: wood, concrete, metal.

CZU: 621.9.048.4
44

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON SURFACE MICRO-GEOMETRY MODIFICATION

OF TUNGSTEN WIRES
Guzgan Dorin

The present paper is devoted to experimental investigations concerning the processing of

conductive surfaces by applying pulse electrical discharge machining. We have particularly
focused on the modifications of tungsten surface micro-geometry leading to the formation of
Taylor cone shaped asperities (Fig. 1). We have established and presented the optimal energetic
regimes of extracting cylindrical meniscuses from wires of 0.2 mm diameter. This paper also
presents SEM images of obtained surface micro-geometry (Fig. 2).

Fig. 1. Conical meniscuses extracted from tungsten wire surface

Fig. 2. SEM image of a Taylor cone shaped asperity

CZU: 533.9.07
45

FORMATION OF ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE PLASMA AT LABORATORY

CONDITIONS APPLYING ELECTRODES OF SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION
Hirbu Arefa
To obtain the electrical discharge plasma under laboratory conditions we used the
electrical scheme consisting of a special electrode with separate discharge channels that limit the
current and the second plate-shaped electrode made of metal. Each separate channel of special
electrode is a wire having a diameter of 0.35 mm. The free end of the electrode presents a set of
edges (the ends of the channels), which leads to the increase of the intensity of electric field and
to the increase of the autoionisation process of the active gas medium (the air from the gap). For
a supply voltage of 25 kV and the distance between the electrodes of 7 mm, considering the 1.5
times increase of electric field intensity, the electric field intensity constitutes 6 MV/m. In the
case when using special construction for the second electrode too (separate channels having a
diameter of 5 times bigger and a length of 10 times lower than that of the first electrode) it
permitsto increase the gap (and, respectively, the intensity of the electric field) up to 2 times.
This construction of the electrodes leads to greater autoionisation efficiency and plasma of this
type of discharges is more homogeneous. The energy that is released in a volume unit of gas
from the gap decreases, but the quality of electrical discharge plasma increases, which has a
priority over the scheme when we used the special electrode and the second of flat surface, on
the other side the auto-excitement of the active media is more effective.

CZU: 621.9.048.4
46

ABOUT CORROSION OF THE GRAPHITE FILMS REALIZED BY

ELECTRICAL DISCHARGES IN IMPULSE AT SUB-EXCITATION REGIME
Besliu Vitalie, Topala Pavel, Stoicev Petru, Ojegov Alexandr, Scutari Alexandru
Metal pieces and constructions make up one of the most expensive funds of the industry of
any developed country, and their corrosion protection has become an important issue because of
the emergence of the high economic expenses. Graphite films produced by electrical discharges
in impulse at sub-excitation regime increase the surface layer hardness, durability and refractory
properties of processed pieces, reduce the phenomenon of galling in the cinematic couples and
possess anti-adhesive properties. But the influence of different aggressive media on these films
has been very little studied. Experimental research shows that these films are quite resistant
under the influence of different media. For example, after the retention of samples in the
atmosphere over a period of about 3 years it was evident observed that the steel samples covered
with graphite films didnt change in comparison with the unprocessed samples where is clearly
seen the traces of corrosion (Figure 1). This could be explained by the fact that at electrical
discharge machining with graphite tool-electrode connected as cathode on the anode surface we
obtain not only graphite films of 7-10 micrometers, but oxide films too which is proved by EDX
analyzes which showed an amount of oxygen at the surface of about 16-20%. It has also been
established experimentally that in 30% HNO 3 solution the larger corroded mass is observed for
unprocessed by graphite tool-electrode steel in comparison with the samples coated with graphite
films by about 1.4 times for 3 min and by about 1.3 times for 10 min. In 1% NaCl solution the
speed of corrosion for unprocessed samples is of 1.2-1.4 times higher than for samples processed
by electrical discharges in impulse.

Fig. 1. General view of the samples subject to corrosion in the atmosphere, under laboratory
conditions, for 3 years: a original state; b surface without deposition; c surface with
graphite films
CZU: 621.9.048.4
47

METHODS FOR INTENSIFICATION OF ELECTRO-SPARK ALLOYING

PROCESS
Pereteatcu Pavel, Cracan Cornel
This paper makes a bibliographical reference to the problems that refer to remove the
deficiencies in the process of coatings deposition at electro-spark alloying (ESA). It is about the
influence of different conditions during the surface layer formation on cathode such as the
discharge energy, structure and phase transformations that occur in the superficial layers under
the action of the spark discharge, the properties of obtained coatings, the influence of the gap
media, the influence of the nature of electrode materials, the influence of movement kinematics
of the processing electrode.
In addition, the paper has also information about finishing operations surface hardening
by the plastic deformation in order to improve the properties of coatings, and also about ESA
alternating with vacuum annealing and ultrasonic polishing, smoothing through sparkling with
graphite electrode, as well as smoothing through laser ray.
In terms of perspective of ASE intensification by the action of external energy sources,
the paper presents the results of the action by continuous and pulsed electric current on the
process of formation of coatings, as well as the action of the magnetic field superimposed on the
processing zone.
The obtained results confirm the possibility of intensification of superficial layers
formation under the action of these two energy sources: electric current and magnetic field.

CZU: 533.9.07
48

SECONDARY LIGHT RADIATION OBTAINED BY THE ACTION OF PLASMA

Topala Pavel, Hirbu Arefa, Ojegov Alexandr
The paper analyzes the possibility of obtaining the secondary radiation in red, yellow,
green and violet at excitation of glass corps with different chemical composition. It was
experimentally established that under the action of electrical discharge plasma some of the
doping components of the filter glass pass on higher levels of excitement and radiates above
mentioned visible light spectra. This new property can be applied in the construction of an
inexpensive laser class. In Fig. 1 the above-mentioned experimentally obtained radiation spectra
are shown.

a)

b)

c)
Fig. 1. Graphs of transparency and secondary radiation produced by the action of electrical
discharge plasma for glass of type:
a) UFS-2; b)TS-3 and ESAB SHADE 12; c) IKS-7
49

CZU: 621.9.048.4
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON THE BEHAVIOR OF THE TOOL-ELECTRODES
MADE OF CONDUCTIVE MATERIALS BY APPLYING EDM
Pinzaru Natalia
The paper presents results of experimental research on the construction and behavior of
the tool-electrodes made of copper, brass, aluminum and graphite by applying electrical
discharge machining (EDM). The electrodes applied at the formation of the surface layers were
made of conductive materials and were subjected to various energy regimes during the
experimental investigations (Fig. 1). We studied the effects arising between base electrodes
(anode and cathode) varying polarity and voltage of the ccondencer battery, other regimes
preserving the constants (gap, frequency of the impulses, capacity and duration).

Fig.1. Work scheme of deposit layers formation by EDM

50

CZU: 621.9.048.4
FORMATION THIN OXIDE FILMS ON SEMICONDUCTOR SURFACES BY
APPLYING EDM
Topala Pavel, Rusnac Vladislav, Melnic Vasilii, Guzgan Dorin
As a result of the processing semiconductor surfaces by applying electrical discharge
machining (EDM) the formation of oxide thin films is observed on its surface. Their appearance
is explained by the interaction of plasma channel with the machined surface.
The morphology of semiconductor surfaces of samples oxidized by the application of
EDM is shown in Fig. 1,a.
In general, during the processing of silicon surfaces, there can be formed two types of
oxides: silicon monoxide (SiO) and silicon dioxide (SiO 2), possessing insulating, protection,
passivation, optical, etc. properties in semiconductor devices. Simultaneously with the formation
of oxide films the formation of different types of clusters can be also observed (Fig. 1,b).

Fig. 1. Morfology of silicon samples surface after oxidation by applying EDM

51

CZU: 621.9.048.4
OBTAINING WEAR RESISTANT DEPOSITION LAYERS BY APPLYING EDM
Topala Pavel, Stoicev Petru, Balandin Anton
The paper presents information on obtaining deposition layers of metal powder on steel
35 surfaces by applying electrical discharge machining (EDM). Optimal energy regimes for
deposit formation process are also presented. We carried out experimental research on
determination of mechanical wear of the obtained surfaces (Fig. 1) and compared them with the
results for the unprocessed surfaces.

Fig. 1. The workpiece surface coated with: a) TiC; b) BrA7; c) MoC

52

CZU: 519.2(072.8)
NUMERICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND STATISTICAL LEGITIMATE IN
RELIABILITY THEORY
Evtodiev Silvia, Velecu Dorina, Evtodiev Igor
This article refers to numerical characteristics of reliability features and reliability
distribution functions after statistical regularities of reliability theory. I studied in more detail the
Gamma Law and Weibull Law with 1, 2 and 3 parameters. Reliability of a system expresses its
safety in operation. It is a function of time R (t), defined as the probability that the specified
environmental conditions, the system may work properly, maintaining defaults in time interval
[0, t). Reliability has a value between 0 and 1 and is a quality aspect. Reliability in terms of
quality is the ability of a system to properly accomplish the functions envisaged for a period of
time in specified operating conditions.
There is a difference between reliability and quality. Reliability unlike quality is checking
for product quality during its life. Reliability in quantitative terms is the probability that the
system will perform its system functions correctly during a given time period in specified
operating conditions. In more complex systems, knowing the reliability of each component can
be calculated the reliability of the entire system.
The development of reliability theory has positively influenced areas such as electronics,
telecommunications, navigation systems, power system, tracked and guided computer systems,
military equipment, etc.
Using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 program I introduced the numerical values of the time t
and pre-established defaults. Then I calculated using formulas the reliability function R (T); the
unreliability function F (T); the distribution density f (T) and the failure hazard function h (T).
Then I built graphs of data based on results.
Since only average value knowledge offers no differentiation between technical systems, it
is necessary to know other numerical characteristics of reliability. Thus, knowing the distribution
function of the failures f (t) we can determine any numerical characteristic of reliability,
including the average time for good service, dispersion, the standard deviation, the warranty time
and reliability functions, unreliability and failure hazard.
Analyzing these two laws in I noticed that their distribution is different, but common is that
the reliability decreases in time, and unreliability increase in time. If the dispersion is lower, than
the technical system reliability is higher. Originally we need to find the distribution function of
the failures and established distribution law and then located reliability and its numerical
characteristics.
53

CZU: 53(072.3)
LIGHT AND COLOURS IN HUMAN ACTIVITIES
Dorohoi Dana Ortansa, Tudose Adina Elena, Ursu Oana, Dmitrascu Irina
The results in scholar activities at physics hours in three high schools from Vaslui and Iasi
districts show that the colour nuances influence the nervous system and the individual mental
state. In the experiments organized using light green screens and black pencils or yellow screens
and green pencils the grades were higher (Fig. 1).

20
18
16
14
12
NO.STUD.1

10

NO.STUD.2

NO.STUD.3

6
4
2
0
2

10

Fig. 1. Number of students vs. Obtained grades in experiments I, II, III

CZU: 53(072.3)
54

INTERDISCIPLINARY TEACHING OF A LIGHT-BASED BIOLOGICAL PROCESS:

PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Brinza Cristina Carmen
The interdisciplinary study of light propagation and interaction with different
environments can be performed to Physics classes and also in related disciplines such as Science
discipline classes. The interdisciplinary approach ask the teacher to have knowledge of both
specialized disciplines and related fields, very well mastered, to observe and explain complex
phenomena of nature that lends itself to such studies.
References
1. I. Andronic, M. Frunz, V. Duciac, Unele aspecte fizice ale fotosintezei, Fizica i
tehnologiile moderne, vol 5, nr.1-2, 2007.
2. A. Ardelean, A. X. Lupea Biochimie - Fotosinteza, Reglajul hormonal, informaia genetic
vol II., Editura Academiei Romne, Bucureti, 2007.

CZU: 537(072.8)
55

NANOTECHNOLOGY. BEHIND THE EDGE OF VISIBLE WORLD

Topala Pavel, Botnari Dmitri
The global actual stage of development in the material science and production requires
new materials with new properties. This is based on continuous and impetuous science and
technical progress. The performance of electronics, medicine, building materials has reached a
new edge of elaborations at microscopic level, nanotechnology. It is explained in accordance
with society needs, resolving problems insight the world.
The nanotechnology represents an area of dimensions contained within limits of 1 to 100
nm. One nanometer is equal to 10 -9 meters. For understanding, the DNA double spiral radius is
approximately 1nm, and the hydrogen atom diameter is equal to 0,1nm.
Obtaining of nano-surfaces, nano-structures and nano-particles can be executed by using
of concentrated energy sources. In particular, in scope of nano-particles obtaining, the actual
study shows that the most used technology is explosion at high speed that destruct the electrode
material and sprays particles in medium. It's explained in fact that particles are discarded to
periphery in result of explosion and they don't have time to coagulate in "big" particle
agglomerates. But then is present another problem to collect particles. In case of polarizing in
contact to medium they can combine with anything.
The following work will be based on obtaining of nano-particles and their collection.

CZU: 621.9.048(072.3)
56

DETERMINATION OF MATERIALS MARK BY ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE

METHOD
Poperecini Anatolie
The present paper describes a method of determination of the mark of metals and alloys
using electrical discharges. Form and emission spectrum of electrical discharges depends on
technological and physico-chemical properties of studied material.
This method has the next priorities:
- includes all materials;
- hasnt essential influence on the control sample;
- is a quick method of determination;
- allows to determine the mark of the piece material without further preparation;
- the possibility of using this method for very small surfaces;
- has high energy efficiency;
- is more precise than abrasive method.
Determination of the materials mark supposed to control by electrical discharges method
is more accurate and does not require complicated setup and qualified personnel.

Author Index
57

A
Abramciuc Valeriu, 26, 34
B
Babusca Daniela, 39
Balandin Anton, 51
Bancila Simion, 27
Barca Eduard Sebastian, 13
Benchea Andreea Celia, 39
Besliu Vitalie, 46
Botnari Dmitri, 55
Brinza Cristina Carmen, 54
Brinza Florin, 25
Bulhac Daniela, 23
C
Calancea Laureniu, 41
Cazac V., 10
Crlig Sergiu, 11
Ceban Victor, 16
Chistol Vitalie, 14
Ciobanu Vladimir, 15, 35
Cracan Cornel, 47
Creanga Dorina-Emilia, 24
D
Deleu Gabriela, 20
Dmitrascu Irina, 53
Dmitroglo Liliana, 29
Dobromir M., 9
Dorohoi Dana Ortansa, 53
Duca D., 9, 10
E
Enachi Mihail, 35
Evtodiev Igor, 20, 21, 23, 41, 52
Evtodiev Silvia, 22, 23, 28, 52
F
Filoti George, 12
G
Gheorghi Eugen, 12
Ghimpu Lidia, 15
Gilewski Andrzej, 14
Gritco (Todirascu) Antonina, 24
58

Guzgan Dorin, 44, 50

H
Hirbu Arefa, 45, 48
I
Istrate Bogdan, 13
K
Ketrush Petru, 32
Koss Alexander, 21, 22
L
Luca Dumitru, 7
Luchian Efimia, 19
M
Macovei A. Mihai, 16
Makedonski Aleksandar, 37
Makedonski Boris, 37
Marin Catalina Daniela, 42, 43
Marin Laurentiu, 42, 43
Melnic Vasilii, 50
Mihlache Alexei, 12
Morariu Magdalena, 39
Morosanu Cezarina, 24
Munteanu Corneliu, 7, 13
Muntyanu M. Fiodor, 14
N
Negoi Florin, 40
Nica V., 9
Nikorich Andrei, 32
Nikorich Valentina, 32
O
Ojegov Alexandr, 42, 46, 48
Olaru Ion, 25
P
Pereteatcu Pavel, 47
Petkova P., 36
Pinzaru Natalia, 49
Plesco Irina, 15
Popa Mihail, 17, 18
Poperecini Anatolie, 56
Popov Todor, 38
59

Postolache Vitalie, 35
Potlog T., 9, 10
R
Rogacki Krzysztof, 14
Rotaru Irina, 31
Rusnac Vladislav, 50
S
Sandu Teodor , 43
Scutari Alexandru, 46
Spoiala Dorin, 30
Stambolov Grigor, 36
Stoev Lachezar, 38
Stoicev Petru, 46, 51
T
Tascu Sorin, 25
Teodorescu Valentin Serban, 12
Tighineanu Ion, 7, 15, 35
Topala Pavel, 42, 43, 46, 48, 50, 51, 55
Tudose Adina Elena, 53
Turt Constantin, 12
U
Untila Dumitru, 33
Ursu Oana, 53
V
Velecu Dorina, 52
Vilek Igor, 37
Vizitiv Gleb, 41
Volodina Galina, 12, 15

60