DRUG NAME

AND
CLASSIFICATI
ON
GENERIC
NAME:
Amlodipine
BRAND
NAME:
Norvasc
CLASSIFICAT
ION:
-Calcium
channelblocker
-Antianginal
drug
Antihypertens
ive
-Pregnancy
Category C

DOSAGE

ADULTS
Initially, 5 mg
PO daily;
dosage may
be gradually
increased over
1014 days to
a maximum
dose of 10 mg
PO daily.
PEDIATRIC
PATIENTS
Safety and
efficacy not
established.
GERIATRIC
PATIENTS
Initially, 2.5
mg PO daily;
dosage may
be gradually
adjusted over
714 days
based on

MECHANISM OF
ACTION

Inhibits the
movement of
calcium ions
across the
membranes of
cardiac and
arterial muscle
cells.

INDICATION

-Angina
pectoris due
to coronary
artery spasm
(Prinzmetals
variant
angina)
-Chronic
stable angina,
alone or in
combination
with other
agents
-Essential
hypertension,
alone or in
combination
with other
antihypertens
ives

CONTRAINDICATION

SIDE EFFECT

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES

-Contraindicated
with allergy to
amlodipine,
impaired hepatic or
renal function, sick
sinus syndrome,
heart block (second
or third degree),
lactation.

-CNS:
Dizziness,
lightheadedness,
headache,
asthenia,
fatigue,
lethargy

-Monitor patient
carefully (BP,
cardiac rhythm,
and output) while
adjusting drug to
therapeutic dose;
use special
caution if patient
has CHF.

-Use cautiously with

CHF, pregnancy.

-CV:
Peripheral
edema,
arrhythmias
Dermatologi
c: Flushing,
rash
-GI: Nausea,
abdominal
discomfort

-Monitor BP very
carefully if patient
is also on nitrates.
-Monitor cardiac
rhythm regularly
during
stabilization of
dosage and
periodically
during long-term
therapy.
-Administer drug
without regard to
meals.

clinical
assessment.

DRUG NAME
AND
CLASSIFICATI
ON
GENERIC
NAME:
amikacin
sulfate
BRAND
NAME:
Amikin
CLASSIFICAT
ION:
Anti-infective
Aminoglycosi
de
Pregnancy
Category: C

DOSAGE

MECHANISM OF
ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICAT
ION

SIDE EFFECT

-Adult: IV/IM 5
7.5 mg/kg
loading dose,
then 7.5
mg/kg q12h

-Semisynthetic
derivative of
kanamycin with
broad range of
antimicrobial
activity that
includes many
strains
resistant to
other
aminoglycoside
s.

Effective
against a wide
variety of
gram-negative
bacteria
including
Escherichia
coli,
Enterobacter,
Klebsiella
pneumoniae,
most strains of
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa,
and many
strains of
Proteus
species,
Serratia,
Providencia
stuartii,
Citrobacter
freundii,
Acinetobacter.
Also effective
against
penicillinaseand nonpenicillinase-

-History of
hypersensitivity
or toxic reaction
with an
aminoglycoside
antibiotic.

-CNS:
Neurotoxicity:
drowsiness,
unsteady gait,
weakness,
clumsiness,
paresthesias,
tremors,
convulsions,
peripheral
neuritis.
Special Senses:
Auditory
ototoxicity,
high-frequency
hearing loss,
complete
hearing loss
(occasionally
permanent);
tinnitus; ringing
or buzzing in
ears;

-Child: IV/IM 5
7.5 mg/kg
loading dose,
then 5 mg/kg
q8h or 7.5
mg/kg q12h
-Neonate:
IV/IM 10 mg/kg
loading dose,
then 7.5
mg/kg q12
24h

-Pharmacologic
properties are
essentially the
same as those
of gentamicin.
-Appears to
inhibit protein
synthesis in
bacterial cell
and is usually
bactericidal.

-Safety during
pregnancy
(category C),
lactation,
neonates and
infants, or use
period
exceeding 14
years old is not
established.

-Vestibular:
dizziness,
ataxia.
-GI: Nausea,

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES

-Monitor serum
creatinine or
creatinine
clearance
(generally
preferred) more
often.
-Monitor S&S of
ototoxicity
primarily involves
the cochlear
(auditory) branch.
-Monitor for and
report auditory
symptoms
(tinnitus, roaring
noises, sensation
of fullness in ears,
hearing loss) and
vestibular
disturbances
(dizziness or
vertigo,
nystagmus,
ataxia).

producing
Staphylococcu
s species, and
against
Mycobacteriu
m tuberculosis
and atypical
mycobacteria.

DRUG NAME
AND
CLASSIFICATIO

DOSAGE

MECHANISM OF
ACTION

INDICATION

vomiting,
hepatotoxicity.
-Metabolic:
Hypokalemia,
hypomagnese
mia.

CONTRAINDICAT
ION

SIDE EFFECT

-Monitor & report

any changes in
I&O, oliguria,
hematuria, or
cloudy urine.
Keeping patient
well hydrated
reduces risk of
nephrotoxicity;
consult physician
regarding optimum
fluid intake.

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES

GENERIC
NAME:
Morphine
Sulfate
BRAND
NAME:
Astramorph PF,
Avinza,
DepoDur,
Duramorph,
Epimorph ,
Kadian, MSIR,
MS Contin,
Oramorph SR,
Roxanol, RMS,
Statex
CLASSIFICATI
ON:
-Central
nervous
system (cns)
agent
-Analgesic
-Narcotic
(opiate) agonist

PO 1030 mg
q4h prn or 15
30 mg
sustained
release q8
12h; (Kadian)
dose q1224h,
increase dose
prn for pain
relief IV 2.515
mg q4h or 0.8
10 mg/h by
continuous
infusion, may
increase prn to
control pain or
510 mg given
epidurally q24h
Epidural
(DepoDur only)
1015 mg as
single dose 30
min before
surgery (max:
20 mg) IM/SC
520 mg q4h
PR 1020 mg
q4h prn

-Natural opium
alkaloid with
agonist activity
by binding with
the same
receptors as
endogenous
opioid
peptides.
-Narcotic
agonist effects
are identified
with 3 types of
receptors:
Analgesia at
supraspinal
level, euphoria,
respiratory
depression and
physical
dependence;
analgesia at
spinal level,
sedation and
miosis; and
dysphoric,
hallucinogenic
and cardiac
stimulant

- Controls
severe pain;
also used as an
adjunct to
anesthesia.

Hypersensitivity
to opiates

Hypersensitiv
ity [Pruritus,
rash,
urticaria,
edema,
hemorrhagic
urticaria
(rare),
anaphylactoid
reaction
(rare)],
sweating,
skeletal
muscle
flaccidity;
cold, clammy
skin,
hypothermia.

Assess vital signs

at regular
intervals.
Morphine-induced
respiratory
depression may
occur even with
small doses.
Encourage
changes in
position, deep
breathing, and
coughing at
regularly
scheduled
intervals. Narcotic
analgesics also
depress cough
and sigh reflexes
and thus may
induce
atelectasis,
especially in
postoperative
patients.
Monitor I&O ratio
and pattern.
Report oliguria or

effects.

DRUG NAME
AND
CLASSIFICATIO

DOSAGE

MECHANISM OF
ACTION

urinary retention.
Morphine may
dull perception of
bladder stimuli;
therefore,
encourage the
patient to void at
least q4h. Palpate
lower abdomen to
detect bladder
distention.

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATI
ON

SIDE EFFECT

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITI

ES

GENERIC
NAME:
Furosemide

Tablets
20, 40, 80
mg;

BRAND
NAME: ApoFurosemide
(CAN),
Furosemide
Special (CAN),
Lasix

oral solution
10 mg/mL,
40 mg/5 mL;

CLASSIFICATI
ON:
Loop diuretic
Pregnancy
Category C

Injection
10 mg/mL

- loop diuretic
that inhibits
reabsorption of
sodium and
chloride mainly
in the
medullary
portion of the
ascending Loop
of Henle.

Patient with
edema
associated with
CHF, cirrhosis,
renal disease
Acute
pulmonary
edema
Hypertension

-Severe sodium
and water
depletion,
hypersensitivity
to
sulphonamides
and furosemide,
hypokalaemia,
hyponatraemia,
precomatose
states associated
with liver
cirrhosis, anuria
or renal failure.
-Addisons
disease.

-Fluid and
electrolyte
imbalance.
-Rashes,
photosensitivit
y, nausea,
diarrhoea,
blurred vision,
dizziness,
headache,
hypotension.
Bone marrow
depression
(rare), hepatic
dysfunction.
Hyperglycaemi
a, glycosuria,
ototoxicity.

-Measure and
record weight
to monitor fluid
changes.
-Administer
with food or
milk to prevent
GI upset.
-Give early in
the day so that
increased
urination will
not disturb
sleep.
-Avoid IV use if
oral use is at all
possible.
-Arrange to
monitor serum
electrolytes,
hydration, liver
and renal
function.
-Arrange for
potassium-rich
diet or

supplemental
potassium as
needed.

DRUG NAME
AND
CLASSIFICATIO

DOSAGE

MECHANISM
OF

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICAT
ION

SIDE EFFECT

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES

GENERIC
NAME:
Omeprazole
sodium
BRAND
NAME:
omeperon
CLASSIFICATI
ON:
proton pump
inhibitor

ACTION

40 mg IV by
slow
intravenous
injection
over a
period of at
least 2.5
minutes at
a maximum
rate of 4mL
per minute.

Potent
inhibitor of
gastric acid
secretion. It
reduces
gastric acid
secretion by
inhibiting the
parietal cell
H+- K+ATPase (proton
pump) in
gastric parietal
cells. This
enzyme is
responsible for
the
electroneural
exchange of
H+ and K_
ions during the
formation of
hydrochloric
acid (HCl).

-As an
alternative for
patients who
cannot
tolerate oral
therapy in the
following
conditions:
benign gastric
ulcer,
duodenal
ulcer,
gastroesopha
geal reflux
disease.
-Acid
aspiration
prophylaxis

Hypersensitivity
to omeprazole
or to any of its
components.

Dermatologic:
skin rash,
urticaria,
pruritus
Gastrointestin
al:
constipation,
diarrhea,
flatulence,
nausea,
vomiting, acid
regurgitation,
abdominal
pain,
Others:
asthenia,
headache,
photosensitivi
ty, dizziness,
lightheadedn
ess, arthritic
and myalgic
symptoms,
paraesthesia.

-Take as directed,
before eating
-Do not crush or chew
capsules
-Delayed release
capsule may be opened
and contents be added
to apple sauce
-Caution patient to
avoid alcohol,
salicylates, ibuprofen:
may cause GI irritation
-Patient may
experience anorexia;
small frequent meals
may help to maintain
adequate nutrition
-Report severe
headache, unresolved
severe diarrhea, or
changes in respiratory
status. Inform physician
if patient is or intends
to become pregnant.
Breast-feeding is not

recommended.

DRUG NAME
AND
CLASSIFICATIO

DOSAGE

MECHANISM OF
ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATI
ON

SIDE EFFECT

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITI
ES

DRUG NAME
AND
CLASSIFICATIO
N

DOSAGE

MECHANISM OF
ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATI
ON

SIDE EFFECT

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITI
ES

DRUG NAME
AND
CLASSIFICATIO
N

DOSAGE

MECHANISM OF
ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATI
ON

SIDE EFFECT

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITI
ES

DRUG NAME
AND
CLASSIFICATIO
N

DOSAGE

MECHANISM OF
ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATI
ON

SIDE EFFECT

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITI
ES

DRUG NAME
AND
CLASSIFICATIO
N

DOSAGE

MECHANISM OF
ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATI
ON

SIDE EFFECT

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITI
ES

DRUG NAME
AND
CLASSIFICATIO
N

DOSAGE

MECHANISM OF
ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATI
ON

SIDE EFFECT

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITI
ES