Contents

CHAPTER

PAGES

1.

Introduction to the Project

1.1 Introduction
1.2 About the Project
1.3 Objective
1.4 Methodology of the Project

...

1-2

2.

Reconnaissance Survey
2.1 General
2.2 Importance
2.3 Project Details

...

3.

Plane Table Surveying

3.1 General
3.2 Working Operation
3.2.1 Centering
3.2.2 Levelling
3.2.3 Orientation
3.3 Methods of Plane Table Surveying
3.4 Advantages of Plane Table Surveying
3.5 Limitations of Plane Table Surveying
3.6 Method used in the Project

...

4-7

4.

Area Calculation
4.1 General
4.2 Computation of area from maps
4.3 Method used in the Project
4.3.1 Subdivision into Squares approximate method
4.3.2 Area of the zones

...

8-9

...

10-14

5.

Levelling
5.1 General
5.2 Object and Uses
5.3 Levelling Instruments
5.4 Levelling Staff
5.5 Auto Level
5.6 Self Reading Target Staff
5.7 Method of Levelling
5.7.1 Barometric Levelling
5.7.2 Hypsometric Levelling
5.7.3 Direct Levelling
5.7.4 Indirect Levelling
CHAPTER

PAGES

5.8 Method Used in the Project

6.

Traffic Studies/ traffic Survey

6.1 General

...

15- 17

6.2 Traffic Data of the Project

6.3 Present Traffic Data
6.4 Future Traffic Data
7.

Parking Design (Dimensions)

7.1 General
7.2 parking Studies
7.3 parking Statics
7.3.1 Parking Accumulation
7.3.2 Parking volume
7.3.3 Parking Load
7.3.4 Average Parking Duration
7.3.5 Parking Index
7.4 Parking Requirements
7.5 On- street Parking
7.5.1 Parallel Parking
7.5.2 300 Parking
7.5.3 450 Parking
7.5.4 600 Parking
7.5.5 Right angle Parking
7.6 Off-street Parking
7.7 Important Points
7.8 Project Parking details
7.9 Parking Space Dimensions
7.10
Parking Stall Layout

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18- 22

8.

Parking Lot Markings (as per IRC: 35- 1997)

8.1 General
8.2 Functions of Markings
8.3 Types of Road Markings
8.3.1 Carriageway Markings
8.3.2 Object Markings
8.3.3 Longitudinal Markings
8.3.4 Longitudinal Markings used in the Project
8.3.4.1 Centre Line Marking
8.3.4.2 Pavement Edge Lines
8.3.5 Transverse Markings
8.3.6 Transverse Markings used in the Project
8.3.6.1 Stop Line
8.3.6.2 Directional Arrows

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23- 31

CHAPTER

PAGES

8.3.7 Parking Lot Markings

8.3.7.1 Parking Restrictions
8.3.7.2 Bus Stops
8.3.7.3 Accessible Parking
8.3.8 Material and Colour used for Markings
9.

Traffic Signs in Parking Lot (as per IRC: 67- 2001)

9.1 General
9.2 Regulatory/ Mandatory Signs
9.3 Warning/ Cautionary Signs

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32- 35

9.4 Informatory Signs

10.

Construction Practices
10.1
General
10.2
Kerbs
10.3
Drainage Provisions
10.3.1 General
10.3.2 Drainage Provisions in the Project
10.4
Pavement Provisions
10.4.1 General
10.4.2 Flexible pavement
10.4.3 Rigid Pavement
10.4.4 Pavement Provisions in the project
10.5
Lighting Provisions
10.5.1 General
10.6
Landscaping of Parking Lot
10.6.1 General
10.6.2 Design Requirements
10.7
Parking Barrier Gates
10.7.1 General

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36- 43

11.

Ill- effects of Parking

...

44

12.

Basic Parking Layouts

...

45- 47

13.

Bibliography

...

48

14.

Drawings

...

49- 51

15.

Maps

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
There is always a sense of gratitude which one expresses to other
for helpful services they render during all phases of life. I too would like to do
it as really wish to thank all those who helped me getting this task of project
report writing to a phase to practiced training as we was all new to this
practical work in an official environment. We wish to express my deep

gratitude and sincere thanks to all those who in anyways have contributed to
fulfilment of my project.
We would like to thank Er. ADITI GUPTA, H.O.D. of Department
of Civil Engineering, C.G.C., Gharuan. We would like to thank Er.
ISHMEET SINGH, lecturer of Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh
University, Gharuan and Mr. BHUPINDER SINGH, lab assistant of survey
lab for giving us the required guidance and removing any difficulties faced by
us during the project. At last, we would like to thank each and every person
who has contributed in any of the ways in making this project successful.