Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Y
INVESTIG
ATORY
PROJECT
ACTION OF
ANTACIDS
SAIRAM.R.IYER
CLASS 12
INDEX
1. Acknowledgement
2. Introduction
3. Important antacids:
(i)
Aluminum Hydroxide
(ii) Magnesium Hydroxide
(iii) Calcium Carbonate
(iv) Sodium Bicarbonate
(v) Magnesium Carbonate
4. Famous Brands Of Antacids
5. Hyperacidity
6. Investigatory experiment
7. Bibliography
Certificate
This is to certify that Sairam.R.Iyer , studying in class XII, Indian
School , Dar-es-Salaam, has completed the project titled Action Of
Antacids during the academic year 2015- 16 towards partial fulfillment
of credit for the Chemistry P.,ractical evaluation of CBSE AISSCE 2015
16, and submitted satisfactory report , as compiled in the following
pages ,under my supervision .
Ack
nowl
edg
men
t
Introd
uction
ANTACIDS:
An Antacid is any substance, generally a base or basic salt, which
neutralizes stomach acidity. They are used to relieve acid indigestion,
upset stomach, sour stomach, and heartburn.
Impor
tant
Antaci
ds
ALUMINIUM HYDROXIDE
Aluminum hydroxide, Al(OH)3, Alum, is the most stable form of
aluminum in normal conditions. It is found in nature as the mineral
gibbsite and its three, much rarer, polymorphs: bayerite, doyleite
and nordstrandite. Closely related are aluminum oxide hydroxide,
Al(OH) 3, and aluminum oxide, Al2O3, differing only by loss of water.
These compounds together are the major components of the
aluminum ore bauxite. Freshly precipitated aluminum hydroxide
forms gels, which is the basis for application of aluminum salts as
flocculants in water purification. This gel crystallizes with time.
Aluminum hydroxide gels can be dehydrated to form an amorphous
aluminum hydroxide powder, which is readily soluble in acids. Heatdried aluminum hydroxide powder is known as activated alumina
and is used in gas purification, as a catalyst support and an
abrasive.
MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE
Magnesium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the chemical
formula Mg(OH)2. As a suspension in water, it is often called milk of
magnesia because of its milk-like appearance. The solid mineral
form of magnesium hydroxide is known as brucite. Magnesium
hydroxide is common component of antacids and laxatives; it
interferes with the absorption of folic acid and iron. Magnesium
hydroxide has low solubility in water, with a K sp of 1.51011; all of
magnesium hydroxide that does dissolve does dissociate. Since the
dissociation of this small amount of dissolved magnesium hydroxide
is complete, magnesium hydroxide is considered a strong base.
CALCIUM CARBONATE
Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the chemical
formula CaCO3. It is a common substance found in rock in all parts
of the world, and is the main component of shells of marine
organisms, snails, pearls, and eggshells. Calcium carbonate is the
active ingredient in agricultural lime, and is usually the principal
cause of hard water. It is commonly used medicinally as a calcium
supplement or as an antacid, but excessive consumption can be
hazardous.
SODIUM BICARBONATE
MAGNESIUM CARBONATE
Magnesium carbonate, MgCO3, is an inorganic salt that is a white
solid. Several hydrated and basic forms of magnesium carbonate
also exists as minerals.
Fa
mo
us NaHCO and/or KHCO
1. Alka-Seltzer
2. Equate Al(OH) and Mg(OH)
Ant
3. Gaviscon Al(OH)
4. Maalox (liquid)
aci Al(OH) and Mg(OH)
5. Eno- Sodium Bicaronate and Citric acid
d Mg(OH)
6. Milk of Magnesia
7. Pepto-Bismol HOC H COO
Bra
8. Rolaids CaCO and Mg(OH)
nds
SOME FAMOUS ANTACID BRANDS :
HyperAcidity
HYPERACIDITY : CAUSE FOR INTAKE OF
ANTACIDS :
Hyperacidity or acid dyspepsia simply means increase of acidity in the
stomach. The human stomach secretes hydrochloric acid which is
necessary for the digestion of food. When the stomach contains an
excessive amount of hydrochloric acid, then the condition is called as
hyperacidity or acid dyspepsia.The prime medical factors of
hyperacidity or acid dyspepsia are as follows
SYMPTOMS OF HYPERACIDITY :
Inve
stig
ator
y
Exp
erim
ent
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
READING
0
0
0
0
0
READING
26.5
26.8
26.6
26.6
26.6
USED
26.5 ml
26.8 ml
26.6 ml
26.6 ml
26.6 ml
ANTACID
USED
VOL. OF NaOH
USED TO
NEUTRALISE HCl
VOL. OF HCl
USED TO
NEUTRALISE
1.0gm ANTACID
1.
2.
3.
4.
Gelusil
Digene
Eno
Ranitidine
12.1 ml
16.0 ml
21.3 ml
21.4 ml
12.0 ml
16.2 ml
23.9 ml
21.7 ml
5.
Ocid 20
22.7 ml
21.9 ml
CONCLUSION:
The antacid which has maximum volume of HCl is used
for neutralizing i.e. ENO is most effective.
Bibl
iogr
aph
y