GLOSSARY OF TERMS

phrygian cadence* A type of half cadence in which the bass descends a half-step from
x 6 to 5.
pivot-chord modulation* A technique of changing tonal orientation whereby a harmony that has a functional meaning in the prevailing key is reinterpreted as having
a different meaning in the new key (compare direct modulation).
postcadential One of several framing functions that express the sense of after-theend. It follows a cadence and prolongs its final harmony, usually with a recessive
dynamic.
pre-core The initial unit of a development section, preceding a core or core substitute.
pre-dominant harmonic function Various harmonies whose primary role is to progress to a dominant.
premature dominant arrival A dominant arrival that appears before the end of the
prevailing melodic-motivic and phrase-structural processes.
presentation An initiating phrase function consisting of a basic idea and its repetition,
supported by a prolongation of tonic harmony.
presentation phrase The first phrase of the sentence theme type.
progressive dynamic A systematic buildup of tension and excitement by various
musical means (including intensity, texture, rhythmic activity; compare recessive
dynamic).
prolongational progression A progression that sustains the perception of an individual harmony through time despite the presence of an intervening chord of different
harmonic meaning.
prolonged harmony The harmony that is prolonged by a prolongational progression.
pseudo-core A themelike unit in a development section that resembles a core as
regards dynamics, texture, rhythm, and emotional character but that lacks genuine
model-sequence technique.
real measure A unit of musical time corresponding to a listeners perception of a full
measure of music (compare notated measure).
recapitulation (A section) A concluding function that represents a return (often
adjusted and altered) of an earlier exposition. The third unit of the small ternary
theme type.
recapitulation (full movement) A concluding section function that brings back,
usually modified, an earlier exposition. It resolves tonal conflicts by adjusting all
material into the home key.
recessive dynamic A systematic release of tension and excitement by various musical means (including intensity, texture, rhythmic activity) (compare progressive
dynamic).
refrain The initial section of any rondo form. It functions as a main theme and is usually built as a small ternary or small binary.
reinterpreted half cadence A local authentic cadence in the dominant region of
the prevailing key that is reinterpreted retrospectively as a half cadence in that
key.
repetition The immediate restatement of a unit (compare return).
response See dominant version (compare statement).
restatement The reappearance of any formal unit as either a repetition or a return, with
or without ornamental or structural changes.

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