Serial and Parallel Battery Configurations and Information

2/3/2016
SerialandParallelBatteryConfigurationsandInformation
BatteryUniversity
BU302:SerialandParallelBatteryConfigurations
Learnhowtoarrangebatteriestoincreasevoltageorgainhigherloadcurrents.
Batterypacksachievethedesiredoperatingvoltagebyconnectingseveralcellsinserieseachcelladdsitsvoltagetothetotalterminalvoltage.Parallelconnection
attainshighercapacityforincreasedcurrenthandlingeachcelladdstotheampere/hour(Ah)count.
Somepacksmayconsistofacombinationofserialandparallelconnections.Laptopbatteriescommonlyhavefour3.6VLiioncellsinseriestoachieve14.4Vandtwo
inparalleltoboostthecapacityfrom2,400mAhto4,800mAh.Suchaconfigurationiscalled4S2P,meaningfourcellsinseriesandtwoinparallel.Insulatingfoil
betweenthecellspreventstheconductivemetallicskinfromcausinganelectricalshort.
Mostbatterychemistrieslendthemselvestoserialandparallelconnection.Itisimportanttousethesamebatterytypewithequalvoltageandcapacity(Ah)andnever
mixdifferentmakesandsizes.Aweakercellwouldcauseanimbalance.Thisisespeciallycriticalinaserialconfigurationbecauseabatteryisonlyasstrongasthe
weakestlinkinachain.Ananalogyisachaininwhichthelinksrepresentthecellsofabatteryconnectedinseries(Figure1).
Figure1:Comparingabatterywithachain
Chainlinksrepresentcellsinseriestoincrease
voltage,doublingalinkdenoteparallelconnectionto
boostcurrentloading.
Aweakcellmaynotquitimmediatelybutwillgetexhaustedmorequicklythanthestrongoneswhenincontinueduse.Oncharge,thelowcellfillsupbeforethestrong
onesbecausethereislesstofillandremainsinoverchargelongerthantheothers.Ondischarge,theweakcellisemptyfirstandgetshammeredbythestronger
brothers.Cellsinmultipacksmustbematched,especiallywhenusedfordemandingindustrialapplications.(SeeBU803a:CellMismatch,Balancing).
SingleCellApplications
ThesinglecellconfigurationisthemostsimplisticbatterypackthecelldoesnotneedmatchingandtheprotectioncircuitonasmallLiioncellcanbekeptsimple.
Typicalexamplesaremobilephonesandtabletswithone3.60VLiioncell.Otherusesofasinglecellarewallclocks,whichtypicallyusea1.5Valkalinecell,
wristwatchesandmemorybackup,mostofwhichareverylowpowerapplications.
Thenominalcellvoltageforanickelbasedbatteryis1.20V,alkaline1.50Vsilveroxide1.60Vandleadacid2.00V.Primarylithiumbatteriesrangebetween3.00V
and3.90V.Liionis3.60VLiphosphate3.20VandLititanate2.40V.
Limanganeseandotherlithiumbasedsystemsoftenusevoltagesof3.70Vandhigher.Thishaslesstodowithchemistrythanmarketing.Foroperationalpurposes
theyserveas3.60Vcells.Lowinternalresistancekeepsthevoltagehighunderloadandthisadvantageisutilizedtoincreasethevoltageandwatthour(Wh).(See
BU303ConfusionwithVoltages)
SerialConnection
Portableequipmentneedinghighervoltagesusebatterypackswithtwoormorecellsconnectedinseries.Figure2showsabatterypackwithfour1.20Vnickelbased
cellsinseriestoproduce4.8V.Incomparison,asixcellleadacidstringwith2V/cellwillgenerate12V,andfourLiionwith3.60V/cellwillgive14.40V.
Figure2:Serialconnectionoffourcells(4S)
Addingcellsinastringincreasesthevoltagethecurrentremainsthesame.
CourtesyofCadex
Ifyouneedanoddvoltageof,say,9.50volts,connectfiveleadacid,eightNiMHorNiCd,orthreeLiioninseries.Theendbatteryvoltagedoesnotneedtobeexactas
longasitishigherthanwhatthedevicespecifies.A12Vsupplymightworkinlieuof9.50Vmostbatteryoperateddevicescantoleratesomeovervoltagebutquiton
http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/serial_and_parallel_battery_configurations
1/43
2/3/2016
lowvoltage.Highervoltageapplicationsoftenhavelesstolerance,however.
Portabledevicesusinghighervoltageshavetheadvantageofkeepingtheconductorsizedown.Consumercordlesspowertoolsrunon12Vand18Vbatterieshigh
endmodelsuse24Vand36V.Mostebikescomewith36VLiion,someare48V.
Thecarindustrywantedtoincreasethestarterbatteryfrom12V(14V)to36V,betterknownas42V,byplacing18leadacidcellsinseries.Logisticsofchanging
electricalcomponentsandarcingproblemsonmechanicalswitchesderailedthemove.Mildhybridcarsexperimentwith48VLiionanduseDCDCconversionto12V
tofeedtheelectricalsystem.Earlyhybridcarsrunona148Vbatteryelectricvehicleshavepackswith450500V.Suchabatteryneedsmorethan100Liioncellsin
series.
Highvoltagebatteriesrequirecarefulcellmatching,especiallywhendrawingheavyloadsorwhenoperatingatcoldtemperatures.Withmultiplecellsconnectedina
string,thepossibilityofonecellfailingisrealandthiswouldbreakthecircuit.Asolidstateswitchthatbypassesthefailingcellwouldcontinuecurrentflow,albeitata
lowerstingvoltage.Suchabypassisseldomusedbecauseofcost.
Cellmatchingisachallengewhenreplacingafaultycellinanagingpack.Anewcellhasahighercapacitythantheothers,causinganimbalance.Welded
constructionaddstothecomplexityoftherepairandthisgivesreasonwhybatterypacksarereplacedasaunit.Highvoltagebatteriesinelectricvehicles,inwhicha
fullreplacementwouldbeprohibitive,dividethepackintoblocks,eachconsistingofaspecificnumberofcells.Ifonecellfails,theaffectedblockisreplaced.Aslight
imbalancewillalsooccurhere.
Figure3illustratesabatterypackinwhichcell3producesonly0.6Vinsteadofthefull1.20V.Withdepressedoperatingvoltage,thisbatteryreachestheendof
dischargepointsoonerthananormalpack.ThevoltagecollapsesandthedeviceturnsoffwithLowBatterymessage.
Figure3:Serialconnectionwithafaultycell
Faultycell3lowersthevoltageandcutstheequipmentoffprematurely.
CourtesyofCadex
ParallelConnection
Ifhighercurrentsareneededandlargercellsarenotavailableordonotfitthedesignconstraint,oneormorecellscanbeconnectedinparallel.Mostbattery
chemistriesallowparallelconfigurationswithlittlesideeffect.Figure4illustratesfourcellsconnectedinparallel.Thevoltageoftheillustratedpackremainsat1.20V,
butthecurrenthandlingandruntimeareincreasedfourfold.
Figure4:Parallelconnectionoffour
cells(4P)
Withparallelcells,currenthandlingand
runtimeincreaseswhilethevoltagestays
thesame.
CourtesyofCadex
Acellthatdevelopsahighresistanceoropensislesscriticalinaparallelcircuitthaninserialconfigurationbutthiswillreducethetotalloadcapability.Itslikean
engineonlyfiringonthreecylindersinsteadofallfour.Anelectricalshort,ontheotherhand,ismoreseriousasthefaultycelldrainsenergyfromtheothercells,
causingafirehazard.Mostsocalledelectricalshortsaremildandmanifestthemselvesaselevatedselfdischarge.
Atotalshortcanoccurandthishappenswhenacellreceivesreversepolarization.Largepacksoftenincludeafusethatdisconnectsthefailingcellfromtheparallel
circuitifitweretoshort.Figure5illustratesaparallelconfigurationwithonefaultycell.
Figure5:Parallel/connectionwithone
faultycell
Aweakcellwillnotaffectthevoltagebut
willprovidealowruntimeduetoreduced
currenthandling.Ashortedcellcould
causeexcessiveheatandbecomeafire
hazard.
CourtesyofCadex
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Serial/ParallelConnection
Theserial/parallelconfigurationshowninFigure6enablesdesignflexibilityandachievesthedesiredvoltageandcurrentratingswithastandardcellsize.Thetotal
poweristheproductofvoltagetimescurrentfour1.20Vcellsmultipliedwith1000mAhproduce4.8Wh.HighenergydenseLiionhasanadvantageasfour18650
cellswith3,000mAhproduce12Wh.
Figure6:Serial/parallelconnectionof
fourcells(2S2P)
Thisconfigurationprovidesmaximum
designflexibility.
CourtesyofCadex
Liionlendswelltoserial/parallelconfigurationsbutthecellsneedmonitoringtostaywithinvoltageandcurrentlimits.Integratedcircuits(ICs)forvariouscell
combinationsareavailabletosuperviseupto13Liioncells.Largerpacksneedcustomcircuits,andthisalsoappliestotheTeslaModel85thatdevoursover7000
18650cellstomakeupthe85kWhpack.
SimpleGuidelinesforUsingHouseholdPrimaryBatteries
Keepthebatterycontactsclean.Afourcellconfigurationhaseightcontactsandeachcontactaddsresistance(celltoholderandholdertonextcell).
Nevermixbatteriesreplaceallcellswhenweak.Theoverallperformanceisonlyasgoodastheweakestlinkinthechain.
Observepolarity.Areversedcellsubtractsratherthanaddstothecellvoltage.
Removebatteriesfromtheequipmentwhennolongerinusetopreventleakageandcorrosion.Thisisespeciallyimportantwithcarbonzinc.
Donotstoreloosecellsinametalbox.Placeindividualcellsinsmallplasticbagstopreventanelectricalshort.Donotcarryloosecellsinyourpockets.
Keepbatteriesawayfromsmallchildren.Inadditiontoachokinghazard,thecurrentflowofthebatterycanulceratethestomachwallifswallowed.Thebattery
canalsoruptureandcausepoisoning.
Donotrechargenonrechargeablebatterieshydrogenbuildupcanleadtoanexplosion.Performexperimentalchargingonlyundersupervision.
SimpleGuidelinesforUsingHouseholdSecondaryBatteries
Observepolaritywhenchargingasecondarycell.Reversedpolaritycancauseanelectricalshort,leadingtoahazardouscondition.
Removefullychargedbatteriesfromthecharger.Aconsumerchargermaynotapplytheoptimaltricklechargewhenfullychargedandthecellcouldoverheat.
Lastupdated20150916
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Comments
OnNovember6,2010at10:22am
aamirliaqatwrote:
iftwobatteriesareconnectedinparallelandtheyhavedifferentvoltage,sowhichonevoltagewillbeshownonAVOmeter,andmeritsanddemerits
OnNovember12,2010at4:00pm
Jasonwrote:
Iwishtherewasawaytoquicklyidentifyabadcellfromalaptopbatterypack.Oftenitisonly1badcellcausingalaptopbatterytoonlychargeto80%or85%orwhatever.Sadlythey
arealwaysspotweldedtogetherinparallelgroupsof2or3forcingyoutodestroythenickelsheetsholdingthemtogetherifyouwanttofindthefaultycell.
Larrywrote:
6/43
2/3/2016
DearSir.,
Iwonderyoucanhelpmeinthebelowquery.
GivenaDCcircuitwithtwo5voltsbatteriesandtworesistors,1and2ohmsrespectiverly
araangedinseriesinwhichthe1ohmresistanceisconnectedbetweenthetwobatteries.Whatisthetotalresistanceandemfofthearaangements
Thanls
Larry
MikeTerWisschawrote:
IhaveahuntingshackthatIpowerwitha12vdeepcyclebattery.WouldithelpconservepowerifIhaveadisconnectswitchatthebatterytostopleakagefromwireswhenIturnthe
lightsoffatnight?Isitbettertodrainonedeepcyclefirstthanhookthenextoneuporhookbothupatsametime?
Thanks
Mike
Sandywrote:
AamirThevoltagewouldbethelowerofthetwo,ascurrentwouldflowfromthebatterywiththehigherpotentialtotheonewiththelowerpotential.Thiswouldinfactchargethesecond
battery.Forthisreasonifyouareusingnonrechargeablebatteriesitisimportanttoreplaceallcellsatonce.
MikeIftheonlythingconnectedtothebatteriesisthelights,thenopeningthecontactsofthelightswitchopensyourelectricalcircuit.Atthatpointtheresnocurrentflowandtherefore
nodrainonthebattery.Ifthereareotherthingswiredintherethatstayonallthetimethenadisconnectisagoodidea.Butsoundslikeyoureokaywithtjusttheswitch.
Asfortheonebatteryatatimeorbothatthesametime,myanswertoAamirmayhelpIfthetwobatteriesarefullychargedandattheexactsamevoltage,thentheresnodifference.
Butifonesalittlelowerthantheotherthensomeenergywillbewastedwhilethebatteriesequalize.Itsnotmuchbutifyouretryingtosqueezeeverythingoutofthecellsasyoucan,its
somethingtothinkabout.
InmymindyouranswercomesdowntoamatterofconveniencevsknowledgeIfitsapaintowiretheseinthendoitonceandgetitoverwith.IfnotthenIddoitoneatatimethisway
oncethefirstbatterysdeadyouknowyoureonthesecondbattery.Thinkofitasaprimitivefuelgauge.
OnDecember9,2010at10:30pm
Bhargavawrote:
Ihavemycarbattery,whichisreadingonly10V.CanIsupplementthiswithanotherbatteryof2V(ofsamerating)inserieswiththis10Vbattery,andcontinueusingit?Isitfeasibliblefor
amovingvehicle?andIfitispossible,pleasesuggestanyspecificmeasurestobefollowed.
OnDecember10,2010at8:03am
ryanwrote:
noyoucannot.youwillblowthebatteryup.chargethebatterywitha20ampcarchargerandreaditthenifitstillreads10volts,getanewbattery.butthecarshouldbeabletostartwith
voultsabove10v.soidesaytochargeitfirst.
ryanwrote:
@jason:youcanspotifyouhaveabadcell.voltagemeteronthe2endingterminalsonthebattery.oneontheleftterminal,oneontheright.youcanonlyspotIFyouhaveabadcell
battery.
moinwrote:
bestsite
DanaduToitwrote:
Ihaveaquestionforyou.Ifihavea24vsystemwith412vbatteies(seriesandtheninparraleltoget24v)withaloadof18watts.willitbeworthwiletorun412vbatteriesinparralelto
getmoreamphoursoutofthesystem?theloadcanhandlevoltagefrom1260volts.
rasoulwrote:
HiIamanIranianstudentprojectImadeformyuniversityneedstobuildacarbatterychargercircuit(car)VjryanoutputvoltagedisplayontheLCDpleasehelpmeIcanjustfastBatshkr
siteKhvbtan22/12/2010Emailmenajafkhanirasoul@yahoo.com
rasoulwrote:
HiIamanIranianstudentprojectImadeformyuniversityneedstobuildacarbatterychargercircuit(car)VjryanoutputvoltagedisplayontheLCDpleasehelpmeIcanjustfast
KhvbtanBatshkrsitetoday22/12/2010ismyemailnajafkhanirasoul@yahoo.comThosewhoareonthissitetometheyhaverequested.DJohnPleaseanyonewhocanhelpyoulove
7/43
2/3/2016
Richwrote:
Ihaveasmallradiotransmitterthatsendsbriefpulsestwiceasecond.Itsinalimitedaccessspace.Itcurrentlyrunsona300mah,3vlithiumprimarycoincellwhichgivesalifespanof
twoyears.Ineedtoupthelifespanto5yearsminimum,butIdonthaveroomtoputinathickercoincell,norgotoacylindricalbattery.ButIdohaveroomtoaddmore300mahprimary
cells.TheoreticallyIcanputthreeofthe300mah,3vcoincellsinparallel,andachieveover5yearsofbatterylifebydoingso.IsthereanyreasonthatwouldntworkoranyotherfactorI
shouldtakeintoaccount?
OnJanuary13,2011at1:25pm
scottwrote:
Imthinkingofputtingthree6voltbaterystogetherwillibeaboletoget12volt.Ifnotwhatcanidotogetmorerunningtimefrommybatterybank.
OnJanuary22,2011at6:00am
piyushshekdarwrote:
iftwobatteriesareconnectedinparallelandtheyhavedifferentvoltage,sowhichonevoltagewillbeshownonmultimeter
Jakalwrote:
Can2deepcellbatteries(12v)ofdifferentamperage(say100and80)beconnectedinparallelandchargedwithasolarpanelinacamper?Ifyouranswerisno,whatistherationalof
whynot?
OnFebruary3,2011at11:28pm
Kolinwrote:
GreatSite,
Iwillbebuildinga12vbatterypack,Ihave20newmatchedPowerizer4500NiMHcells.
IwasthinkingIwouldplace10inseriesandthen10inparalleltoproduceabatterysystemwith12vand45,000mAh.
Ismymathcorrect?Ten4500mAhinparallelwouldbe1.2v45,000mAh,butifIaddthesecondsetof10inseries,wouldIalsoaddthe4,500mAhfromthatsettototal49,500mAh?
ManyThanks
otmishiwrote:
Whataboutthecoverningformulas.IthikforseriesitshouldbelikenV=I(R+n.r)/nandforParallelnV=I(R+n/r).Isthisorret
krishnawrote:
ifweareconnectedbattriesinparallel,thelifetimeissomeoftworone.
DicksonHatiawrote:
Thissiteisthebestplacetobe.Thnx
OnMarch10,2011at2:44am
Peterwrote:
Isitpossibletoconnect612voltbatteriessoastodeliver48voltsoutput?Canyouhavetwosetsoftwoinparrallel,thenconnecttheseparrallelconnectedonesinserieswiththeother
twoandthusget48voltstotal,orwillthiswreckthecharginganddischargingratesofthetwostandaloneones?
Brianwrote:
@Kolin
No,thatsnotrightatall.
20batteries@1.2Vand4.5A
Togetto12Vyouneed10inseriesgiving12V@4.5A
Dothistwiceandplacethetwosetsof12inparallel,youget12V@9A.
YouoverallbatterycapacityWh,cannotexceedthesumoftheindividualpieces.
20batteries@1.2Vand4.5A=5.4Whpercellor108Whtotal.
Thesameabove,12V@9A=108Wh.
8/43
2/3/2016
Lawrencewrote:
Iwaswonderingifanyonecouldclarifythis.Ifyouhada10vbatteryinparallelwitha5vbattery.whatwouldbethevoltageofthecircuit.
Matloobwrote:
Caniconnect12Vand24Vupswithtwo12Vbatteriesconnectedinseries,aswedoget12voltsand24voltswhentwobatteriesareconnectedinseries.
OnMarch28,2011at3:33pm
BWMichaelwrote:
Thereisamistakeattheendofthisarticle.Itsays
Removefullydischargedbatteriesfromthecharger.Aconsumerchargermaynotapplytheoptimaltricklechargeandthecellcouldbestressedwithovercharge.
IthinkthisismeanttosayRemovefullyCHARGEDbatteriesfromthecharger.
OnMay5,2011at5:33am
annettewrote:
thisisagoodsite.veryinformative.
OnMay9,2011at10:56am
rohitwrote:
sir
Itsequivalentckt
HezaMahmoudwrote:
ifivefourcellsinserieconnection,howisitpossibletomeasurethevoltageormonitoreachvoltageswheretherearenothesamegroundedpoint?
OnMay11,2011at5:44pm
LanceEdwardswrote:
Hi,cantwo12vdcbatteriesofdifferentAh,(110ah/50ah),beconnectedinparallelforincreasedAhcapacity(160).Tobechargedby100WSolarPVpanelvia15Asolarcharger
regulatorforleisureuse,iecaravan.Manythanks,Lance.
Iqbalwrote:
Anyonecanhelpmetoconfigureabatterybankforsolarpowersystem.With2Veachbatterywhatisbestwaytogetrequired8500AH.ImeannumberofbatteryandeachbatteryAH?
Chuckwrote:
IfIhave2RVdeepcycle12Vbatteriesinparallel,canIplaceachargerononeofthem,andgetadequatechargingonboth?
tanmaysenguptawrote:
howiget12vdcusing3.7vlioncells.whatwillbetheconnection.
OnJune5,2011at8:16am
annewrote:
CanIuse4rechargeablebatteriesandinonrechargeableoneina5batteryrecorder?
OnJune6,2011at1:58pm
ClintonWilsonwrote:
Hey,justwantedtosaythanks!Greatinformation.ImgladIfoundthissite.
OnJuly10,2011at9:21pm
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2/3/2016
kelwrote:
Ihavetwo12vdeepcyclebatteriesinparrell.Doeonedrainbeforetheotherordotheybothdrainequally?
OnJuly13,2011at8:30am
Benedictwrote:
Ijustwanttoknowifwhathappensifonecell(Battery)inplacementisreversedinseriesandparallel?
ihabwrote:
wewanttobuy400Battery1.25V,5A/H,NI/CAD,Dimentions:35mm.35mm.82mm
Juliuswrote:
Ihave812vdeepcyclebatteriestobeconnectedtoan24Vinverter.IknowthatIneedtoconnect2together(+)toget24V.Whatwouldbethecorrectwaytoconnectthese4cellsto
theinverter.
OnAugust1,2011at2:26am
Davidwrote:
Ihave312vX16aHbatteriesiwanttoconnect?Sinceiwanttoincreasethewattageandamperage,caniconnectthese3batteriesbyseriesandparallel?
navneetguptawrote:
caniaddeight7voltlithiumbatteriesofcamerastoget56V??whatbetheresult??isitriskytotrythat?ineeda50vsourceformyprojectpelasehelp..
ferdwrote:
Thereshouldbeadisclaimerwarningthatthisarticleisoverlysimplifiedanddoesnotaccountformanyproblemsthatcanoccurinthefield.Someofthestatementsarewrongiftaken
literally.Oncharge,thelowcellsfillupbeforethestrongonesisnottrueifthelowcellshavehighinternalresistance.mostbatteryoperateddevicescantoleratesomeovervoltage
needstobemoreclearlydefinedwhileafewtenthsofavoltmightnotmatter,tensofvoltscouldfrythings.Ahighervoltagehastheadvantageofkeepingtheconductorsizesmallis
misapplied:foraparticularpoweroutput,highervoltagesallowsmallercurrentflowswhichinturnallowsmallerconductors(ignoringstartupsurgesandincreasingcurrentdrawas
batterieslosevoltageastheydeplete).Parallel/connectionwithonefaultycellAweakcellwillnotaffectthevoltageactuallytheweakcellcandrawenoughcurrentfromthegoodcells
tolowertheoverallvoltageoftheconnection.Theserial/parallelconfigurationshowninFigure5allowssuperiordesignflexibilitybutalsoincreasescomplexitiesofbatterymanagement
andsystemtroubleshootingimmensely.
Thearticlethenjumpstotipsabouthouseholdbatterieswithoutexplainingthedifferencebetweenprimaryandsecondarybatteries,northissectionsrelevancetotheprevious
discussion.
Irealizethatyouareattemptingtopresenttechnicalinformationtoalayaudience,butpleasebecareful.Theconfusionshowninthecommentsprovesthatthisarticlehasntachievedits
goals.
stephenwrote:
allcellswilldropperformancesaftercertaincyclesofcharginganddischarging.Ifyouusecellsfromsameproducitonlot,itislikelythatnoparticularonesinglecellwillbreakdownwhile
othersstillworkinginverygoodcondition,however,Itisalsolikelythateachcellwilldropperformanceslightlydifferentastimegone.
Asaresult:
1.onecelltotallyfailwhileothersstillworkingproperlyseldomehappen
2..itiscertainthateachcellwillhaveslightlydifferentcapacityaftercertaintime.
Asaresult,inserieswillgivebetterengineeringresultthaninparallel.
OnAugust22,2011at12:22pm
VirianBouzewrote:
Iwouldliketoknowjusthowvolitilethelithiumpolymerbatteryisandhowcaniprocesstheuseofthiskindofbattery.thanksVirian
OnSeptember2,2011at11:04pm
LynnEllsworthwrote:
Ourbikeshophastakenapartmany24,36,and48voltlithiumbatteriesusedforelectricbikeslookingforbadcellssoweknowhowtheroundcellsarespotweldedtometalstrips.I
haveseenanewtypeoflithiumcellthatisflat(notround)withthetwocontactsstickingupontop.Howaretheseflatcellsphysicallyconnectedtogether?Ithinkwemaybeableto
assemblebatterieswiththeseflatcellsthatwillsavespace.
OnSeptember3,2011at1:09am
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2/3/2016
BWMichaelwrote:
Lynn:Youwouldconnecttheminthesameway(spotweldtagsontothecontacts)
Ihopethishelps
joewilsonwrote:
Irun2interstate4ddeepcyclebatteriesinparrallel,via,powerinvertortopowermachineryinmyworkvan.recentlythepowerinvertoraswellasthebatteries,crappedout,itestedthe
batteriesandtheywereshot.thepowerinvertorwassparkingandsmoking,soireplacedthat.Itsa2500wattinvertor.replacedonebatterysofar,theotherisonorder.howeverthe
alarmontheinvertorgoesoffimmediatleyandimunabletorunmachinery.iskeepingtheoldbatteryconnectedinparrallelwiththebrandnewonecausingthis?iwentforsixyears,no
problemsthenthebatteriesdied(whichiexpected)theinvertorcrappedoutandnowicantseemtogetitrunningagain.
RichardMaierwrote:
Ineedtorun4twelvevoltbatteriesinparallel.isthereawaytoconnectabatterychargerandchargeallthebatteriesatoncewithoutdisconnectingthem?
mikesharpewrote:
Iaminterestedinthis4S2P,meaning4cellsareinseriesand2inparallel.mentionedinthebeginningofthearticle.
Thisismyunderstanding,pleasehelpmefillintheblanksthough.
(A)ifIrun4x1.2v1800mahinseriesIget4.8v1800mah.
(B)ifIrun2x1.2v1800mahinseriesIget2.4v1800mah.
(C)ifIrun(A)and(B)inparallelIwillget3600mah,andIhope4.8v(?)
Thisideaofdoublingtheoutputtimewithouthavingtodoublethenumberofbatteriesiscompelling.
WillthisbeasafeconfigurationforNiMHAAs?wouldIneedsomeinsulatingfoil?Howwouldthisportionwork?
Ireallyenjoyedthearticle,andamlookingforwardtohearingaresponsetomyquery.
Thanks.
suhaswrote:
Ihave800kvaAPCups,whattypeofratingbatteriestobeconectedandhowmanynosofbatteriestoobtainfullload,pleasegiveformulatocalculation.
Kiptumwrote:
WhatwillbetheelectromotiveforceforTwobatterycells1.5Veachconnectedinparalleltoonecell1.5V.
Thanx.
OnOctober7,2011at8:30pm
JimmyWilsonwrote:
Learningaboutprimarycellsatmandtheysaynevertoconnectcellsofdifferenttypes,whyisthatanddoesthatrulecomplywithsecondarycells???
OnOctober13,2011at8:00am
Gurumurthywrote:
Dearsir,
Ihave1noof12Vbatteryandtwosolarpanelitsratingis17V+17V.pleaseletmeknowtheconnections?siresorparallelconnectionisusefull?
rishikantwrote:
sirtherearetwobatteriesoneis5vsecondis10v.whenweuseparellelcombinationofbatteriesandconnectwithanetworkthenitshowsinregularcircuitwhy?
Muhammadwrote:
Iconstructeda12vbatterychargerbtisgettingheattoomuch.Whatistheproblems?
LawrenceRCrimwrote:
Ok,heresoneforyou.Ineedtowire612voltbatteriestogethertoget24voltsandtripleamps(3bats.parallelledtwicethenseriesedtogether).Easyenough,however,Ialsoneedtobe
11/43
2/3/2016
abletowirea12voltstartertothesamesystem.Anyonegotaclue?Ivetriedthemanufacturerswebsite(Tronairgroundpowerunits)tonoavail.Ivecalledandleftmessagesandno
callsback.Ivetriedseveralconfigurations,noluck.Anyone?
Joewrote:
lawrencehaveyoutriedtakingameasurementwithavoltmeteroffofthepositiveandnegativeterminalsofonebatterywhileallthebatteriesarehookedtogether?yoursetupshouldbe
likefigure5ofthispagebutinsteadoftwobatteriesdownyoursetuphasthreedownandtwoacross.right?
aungwrote:
Ihave12V12AHbatteryonlyone.
Iwanttoget2V72AHoutputtoload.
Pleaseadviseproperlyconnectionforit.
Garrettwrote:
Runninganapproximately3HPwinchMotoroffa12VDeepCycleMarineBattery.Thewinchisbeingusedinawaythatitrunsfor40seconds,offforabitthenrunsagain.Weusea
rapidbatterychargerhookedtoaportableelectricgenerator.Havingproblemsoccasionallywherethebatterieslosetherechargeandmotorsstarttooverheat.WouldIbebettertorun2
12VDeepCycleMarineBatteriesinparallel?Arethereanydrawbackstodoingthis?Thanks
ogbuabrahamwrote:
howdoesthecontactpointsof
batteriesconnectedinseriesaddtotheresistantofthecircuit.
G.Sureshwrote:
Cananyoneclarifymydoubt.IftheUPSDCInputis+1920192,Currentatboth+veandNegativelimbshouldbeequalorneednot.SupposeifweprovideCurrentsensortomeasure
thedischargingCurrentDoweneedtoputthesensorinbotharmseperatelyornot?
CharlieNwrote:
Irecentlypurchasedalotofrchelicopters.12ofthemactually.MyfriendsandIareintheprocessofweeklyhelicopterwars.Althoughwecanonlyfly3atonceitisalotoffun!
Problemis,IameatingupAAbatterieslikecrazy.Myquestionis:Whatistheactodcequivalentof6AAinseries?IwouldliketocutouttheAAsaltogetheranduseoneofmymany
adaptersconnectedtothe+andterminalsonthecharger/remotewithoutdamagingthecharger/remoteand/orthe3.7v70mAhinthehelicopteritself.Anyhelpwouldsavememidnight
runstothedrugstoretobuyAAs.TheclerksmustthinkImaSmurf!!
AndrewDarlowwrote:
HiCharlie:
IwouldhighlyrecommendtryingAANiMHLSD(lowselfdischarge)rechargeablebatteries.IliketheSanyoEneloopbatteriesalot.Theyareratedfor1500rechargecycles(thatsalot
offlights!).Ithinkyoumightseeasmuchas4xmoreflighttimeaswellbasedonmytestsofcompactphotoflashes.Icantsayforsureifyouwillgetthesameperformance,butitis
definitelyworthatry.
KeepinmindthattheyareheavierthanmostAlkalines,whichmaybeanissue.Youcancheckthespecsonvariouswebsites.
Allthebest,
AndrewDarlow
Editor,TheImagingBuffet
http://www.imagingbuffet.com
Billwrote:
IdonightworkintheoilfieldandamtryingtobuildabatterypoweredlightthatIcanattachtoequipmentfromjobsitetojobsite,andchargewhileinthetruck.A1218V,6WLEDwill
servemypurpose.IwillhaveAAbatteriesconnectedinseriestosupplyapproximately12V.Myquestionisinregardstocharging.CanIsimplyconnectthe12Vbatterypackinparallel
tochargethebatteriesorwilltheamperagegettoohighandcausethebatteriestoexplode?CouldIavoidsuchcircumstancesbymakingabatterypacktosupplyahighervoltage,such
asan18VLiIONorNiMHbatterypack.Theywouldneverreachanovervoltageduringcharge,butwouldtheystillbesubjectedtotoohighanamperage?Irealizethattheywouldnever
reachafullcharge,butsinceitissimplyalightthatrequires12VIdontthinkthatwouldmatterwouldit?
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2/3/2016
AndrewDarlowwrote:
HiBill:
IpersonallywouldjustbuyAAorAAALSDNiMHbatteries(Eneloopbrandaremyfavorite,thoughthereareothers),anda12vor120vpluginchargerforthemtorecharge(theyneed
about35hourstorechargeavoid30minand12hrchargerssincetheywilllimitthelifeofthebatteries).
Thenchargetheminsetsandput4AAsor3AAAsinaflashlight(dependingonmodel)likethisonefromHarborFreight(youcanbuy34ofthemandhaveahugeamt.oflight).The
lightisverybright.
http://www.harborfreight.com/312halfinch21ledflashlight98503.html
orthisonesoldonAmazon.comthattakes3Dcells:
http://www.amazon.com/AMAZING95LEDAluminumFlashlight/dp/B000Z7GCRS/
orthislantern:
http://www.amazon.com/RayovacSE3DLNSportsman300LumenLantern/dp/B0018S4XIS/
YoucangetconvertorsfromDsthatuseAAs:
http://www.amazon.com/SanyoEneloopSpacerPackPackaging/dp/B003EJ1QL6
RechargeableDcellshaveabout510timesthecapacity(mAh)ofAAs,sochecktheest.runtimewithalkalinesanddividebyabout510todeterminehowmanyhoursyouwillgetfrom
them.
Hopethathelps,
Andrew
AndrewDarlow
Editor,TheImagingBuffet
http://www.imagingbuffet.com
BillHeintzwrote:
InFigure5:Serial/Parallelconnectionoffourcells.
IsthereanAdvantage/LimitationtoconnectingtheCellsinthemiddleaswell?
ForinstanceiftherewasaweakCellinFigure5,woulditmakeanydifferenceifthewasaconnectorinthemiddle?
OnFebruary7,2012at7:46am
Ronsattwrote:
Ineedtochargeaseparatebatteryonmymotorcyclefornightlyuseinacampgroundtopowermycpapmachine.Itwouldbedischargednightlyandneedstoberechargeddailythruthe
motorcyclechargingsystem.ShouldiconnectSeriesorparallel?Thx
TigerR.wrote:
Ihaveaquestionaboutrunningmultiple12Vbatteriesinparallel.Theyareallthesametype,brand,voltage,andamperage.12V@400aIfIhad10oftheminparallelthatwouldgiveme
12V@4000a.SincethisisDCcurrentwhatgaugewireisappropriatebetweeneachofthebatteryposts?
Anyotherusefulinformationisverywelcome.Oh,andthesearegelcellPureLeadbatteries.
Andrewwrote:
Whatcausesthebatteryvoltagetorisewhenyouhoobatteriesupinseries?Doesitchangethelinesofelectricity(electricfield)?
Stevewrote:
HIguys!Ihaveabatterythatistotallyscrewed!Itsa4CGR18650A2MSLasseenherehttp://www.batterieslaptop.co.uk/batteries.php?productcode=951
Imconsideringdoingarebuildbutimconfusedaboutthevoltagepercell.Everywhereseemstohave3.7vcellsbutifitsonlya14.8Vbattery,surelyionlyneed1.2vcellseach?
Whichwaydoigo?Wheredoiturn?Whatwouldyousuggestidoifiwastodoarebuild?!!
Asyoumayhaveguessed,imabitnewtoallofthissoanyassistanceyoucanprovidemeisreallywelcomeandimthankfulforit
Manythanksinadvance,Steve
Novawrote:
samedoubtasthatofAndrew:
13/43
2/3/2016
Whatcausesthebatteryvoltagetorisewhenyouhoobatteriesupinseries?Doesitchangethelinesofelectricity(electricfield)?
sahilwrote:
thax!!!!!!
UgandaSafariwrote:
thisisagreatsiteforonetobeandlearnmore
bradwrote:
hello,newtothissobearwithme!foranEVkartihavetheoptionof24,3Vcellsat120Ahinseriesgivingme72Vand120Ah,costingandweighingaconsiderableamountmorethanifi
had24,3Vcellsof40Ahconnectedinpacksof8inparalleland3packsoftheparallelbatteriesconnectedinseriestogivemelesscostandweightforthesame72Vand120Ah.does
thissoundfeasabletodo?arethereanydisadvantagestousingseries/parallel
prathameshwrote:
deersirihave5V&0.7Afrom9Vbattery
MartinRouleswrote:
IamconnectingfourAAbatteriesinseriestopowersomeLEDs.Ineed300mA,whichisLESSthanthecombinedampsthisconfigurationwillsupply.HowdoIgetto300mA?Whatdo
Ihavetoputinlinetocontroltheamps?
DashaButtswrote:
Tnx.
OnApril2,2012at1:35am
bowgeywrote:
iwanttobuild7.2voltbatterywith2400mAh.soineed18batterywithspec1.2voltand800mAh.isittrue?
bowgeywrote:
iwanttobuild7.2voltbatterywith2400mAh.soineed18batterywithspec1.2voltand800mAh.isittrue?
OnApril6,2012at8:23pm
NobleKattalisttwrote:
IamlookingtobuyoneoftheEvolve2012Xenons(Tronlightbikereplica).Itrunsonanelectricmotor,fueledbya96v120ahLiFEPO4Themaximumoperation,percharge,onthe
batteryinthebikeisonly30minutes.IfIweretofabricateroomfor12extraPO4s,wouldtheadditionincurrentcausedamagetothemotor?Also,wouldthechargetimeincrementally
orexponentiallyincrease?
NobleKattalisttwrote:
Thepreviouspost,ofcourse,referstomewantingtoaddthenewcellsinparallelinordertoincreasetheperchargeuseofthemotorcycle.Sorry,Igotcompletelysidetrackedmidpost
andforgotthatpart.
PeterHogbenwrote:
Iamllokingtoconstructabatterybankusing12vleisurebatteriesformystaticcaravanandhave2questions
1.Thevoltagemustremainthesame(12V)butIwouldliketoincreasetheoverallAmps,IamthinkingParrallelconfigurstionisthiscorrect?
2.DoeseachbatteryhavetohavethesameAMP?Icurrentlyhave2rated@120ampseachandamlookingtopurchase2morethatarerated@110amp.Isthisconfigurationokayto
use?
14/43
2/3/2016
zorenwrote:
ifyouaregointoconnectthebatteryinparallelconnectionyesitwillincreasedtheoverallamps.inmyopinionitsbettertouseabatterywiththesamerating.usingbatterywithdifferent
ratingscouldoverheattheotherbatterywithsmallratings.
Marcowrote:
Hi,
Idliketomakeabatteryformyebike(36V10Ah)withliioncells.
thecellsare3.6V2.2Ah.
Isitrighttomakeseriesfirstandthenparallels?SoN.5parallelsof36V2.2AhorisbetterN.10seriesof36V2.2Ah?
Thankstoall!
carston55wrote:
PLEASEHELP..
Ihavea212Vsinseriestoruna24Vmotor
Ialsowanttorunastereoandother12Vunitoffofthesebatteries,canitapintoeachindividualbatteryandrun24Vand12Vsystematsametime?orwillonebatterydrainatadiiferent
rateandisthisaproblem
MARKWILSONwrote:
Itooamlookingtoconstructanextendedrangebatterypack,butformy48voltSuperElite1000scooter.Ihave28brandnewlithiumionlaptopbatteries.Iamstilltryingtodecidehow
manypackstomakeandofwhatcapacityeach.Thelaptopbats.are11.1voltsand6.6amphoursapiece.Thescootercomesstockwithone48volt/12amphourbat.thatgivesme
about1215milerangeandtakes6hourstocharge.Thelaptopbatteriesarestatedtohave11.1volts,butaretheylikely14.4voltsinactuality?Thisinformationisimportantasitwill
helpmetodecidewhethertolink4oftheminseries(bringingthepackto44.4voltsandundertherequired48volts,potentially)orlinking5oftheminseries(bringingthepackto55.5
voltsandsafelywithinrangeofthestockbatteryvoltagewithoutbeingunder).Iftheyareactually14.4voltsthough4inserieswouldmorethansufficewithoutbeingtoohighin
voltage@aroundabout58.4volts(whichiswhatthechargerputsout,at2amps..5batslinked@14.4voltswouldbetoohighavoltagetobefullychargedbythecharger,Ithink,but
woulditstillputoutthehighervoltagebutwithlessoverallcapacity?Thatwouldlikelycausemetowastebatterypotentialwhileaddingexcessweighttothescooter.ORatworst
casescenario,damagetheelectronicsand/orthe1000wattmotorduetoexcessivevoltage.Maybeitistimeformetoownamultimeter.Ilovedfindingthissite!!Goodstuff.
Tausifwrote:
hello,
iwanttomakeabatterypackfromseveralmobilebatteriesusingLiIon3.7VformyRCCARthatuses8AA1.5vcells.
actullyihavefewmobilebatterieswhichisofnousesoithoughttouseitinmyRCcar.
pleasehelpmewiththisproblems,
1)howishouldconnectthosebatterieswitheachother(parallelorinseries?)
2)Ialsohaveaac/dcuniversaladaptorsocaniuseitforcharging,ifyesthentellmewhichcurrentshouldiuseacordc?
andmyrccarhasachargingportinwhichmyadaptorfitsperfectly.
pleasehelpmewiththisishallbereallythankfulltoyou=)
Gorzideudeuswrote:
So,Ihavetwo12volt,9.5amperehourrechargeablebatterypacks.Puttingtheminparallelwouldresultinmoreamperage,butstillat12volts?Iamusingthistobuildastereosystem.
alphaleewrote:
helloIamwonderingifItaketwocellularphonebatteriesandtakethemapartandrebuildtheminParallelwillthatgivememoremah?thebatteriesinquestionare
http://www.ebay.ca/itm/NewBatteryLGP990OptimusG2X2XExtendedDoorTmobile3500MAH/170854215958?pt=PDA_Accessories&hash=item27c7b47116#ht_500wt_1396
theseonesformyphone?willthatworkorwillitjustwastethebatteryandifitdoesworkwillitkeepthevoltageat3.7butdoublemymah?
thanksinadvance!
ajaywrote:
hiineedmake48v,10to15ampbatterypackcaniuseLiFePo4batteries3.2v,15cellsinseries.1cellhas1200mah.?ifnothowmanycellsandvoltandampineedtouse.please
replayonmyemailaddressthanks.
winstonduffneywrote:
15/43
2/3/2016
HIYOURINFO.WASVERYHELPFULL.QUESTIONIHAVEA750WTWINDMILLAND60C
CONTROLLER,A1500WTPURESINEWAVEINVERTER3THEE4OWTSOLARPANELS,
WITHINDIVIDUALCHARGECONTROLLERS,HOWTOHOOKUPTHEMINSERIES.
1.DOIMAKETHECHANGETOTHE12VOLTBATTERIESTOSIRESONLY.
2.OR?
davecardinwrote:
Alotofpeopleaskedquestions,butwherearetheiranswers?
Iwaswaitingforthequestiontobeansweredaboutthe80AHand100AHbatteriesinparrallel.Ihavethesameproblem,ornoproblem.
Iboughtformynewsolarsystemallthebatteriesinthecity(NicaraguahaslittletochoosefrominDEEPCYCLEbattereis),6were105AHand2were60AH.Thatsalltheyhad,soI
boughtthemthinkingthattheyareall12Vjustdifferenthoursofoutput.
IvebeentoldthatINSERIEStheywouldburnupthesmaller60AHduringcharging,butinparallelitdoesntmatter.Idontneed24Vsoonlyinparrallelwouldthiscombohelpme,
butIwouldfeelbetterknowingfromadifferentsource,becausethenexttimetheygetbatteries,itcouldbea200AH,whichIwouldprefer,butIdontwanttothrowawayorjustinventory
theNEWbutsmalleronesIvealreadypurchased,thatsovera$1000inthis3rdworldcountry.
Amitabhwrote:
@ajayYourconfig.willgenerate48Vtheoritically(OpenCircuit)...Asfarasthecurrentrequirementisconcerneditwilldependuponyourload,andtheCratingoftheLiFePhbattery
packureusing.
GenerallythecontinousCratingofLiphosphatebatteriesisaround20Canditcangoupto4050CforBurstratings.Implyingthatyoucansafelyuseitfortherangeof1015amperesas
specifiedbyyou.
Inshortyourconfigshouldworkwithoutanyproblem.
Hopethishelps..
Amitabhwrote:
@nova&andrew:Regardingtheelectricfield,ifyouareaskingwhethertheelectricfieldinsidethebatteriesincreasethenidontthinkso,causethevoltagediffacrosstheterminalsof
eachcellremainsthesame(actuallyitwillchangeslightlydependinguponthevoltagedropacrosstheinternalresistancesofthecells)..Maybesmnefromchemistrybackgroundcan
commentaboutthisbetter,regardingwhatactuallygoesoninsidethecell.
Asfartheoverallcircuitryisconcerned,thenyeahtheelectricfieldinsidetheconductorcarryingthecurrent,doesindeedincrease.Thisismainlyduetotheincreaseinsmallamountof
chargethatgetsdepositednearthesurfaceoftheconductors,whichinturnguidestheflowoftheelectronsthroughit.
solarguywrote:
OKherestheproblem:
Asolarpanelputsout36Volts.
Thiswillcharge3Carbatteriesplacedinaseries,aftertheregulator.
Now,therearemany12vinverters,36vinvertersarehardertocomeby.
CanItaketheleadsfromthethree12voltbatteriesinparallelwhiletheyarestillhookedtothepanelsinseries,andattachthemtoa12voltinverter?
Wouldacarvoltageregulatorforeachbatterybeabletoreplaceasolarchargecontroller?
EddyJacobsenwrote:
Wooooh!!!Herearesomanynewthingstolearnandconsider..
Ihavejustwiredupmanycarandmowerbatteries(all12V,inparallels)forlighteningupthehousewithLED,andalsoventilationfansandnowIseethatthecurrentincreasestwicefor
eachaddedbattery.
QuestionisWillthisbebadfortheLEDlampsandventilationfans?
Butthisisveryinteresting,andIunderstandIhavealottolearnIhavealwaysresortedtomanualsbeforeasthelastresort,butIseenowthatisagoodideatousemanuals/advicesin
thefirstplace..
aneshwrote:
iffewbatteriesareconnectedinseriesthenwhyoneofthemgetchargedearlierthanothers?
Johanwrote:
HiIambuildingMyownbicyclelightwith2powerleds2resistantsofeach1ohm.TopowerMylightihavecalculatedusling3R6inseriestogetcorrectvoltage.Ifoundabatteryholder
withpowerswitchfor4R6.NowtoMyquestionWhatWouldhappenifthefourthbatteryWouldbeplacedinparallellwiththe3inseries?WoulditaddtoaddedAh?OrWillitnotworkat
16/43
2/3/2016
all?Icouldkeep4:thempty
PranabeshDuttawrote:
DearSir,
Ihave2batteriesinseriesandeachofthemare7.2Ah.Whatisthecurrentratingofeachbatteries?
Danielwrote:
Wowsomepeoplehavenoclue
Pranabeshifyouunderstandwhatanampere/houristhenyoullunderstandwhat7.2Ahmeans.
Yourbatteriescansupplyupto7.2Afor1hr.Halvethecurrentneededtodoublethelifeofthebattery3.6Afor2hrs,360mAfor20hrsetc.
JohanyoushouldberestrictingthecurrentflowingthroughtheLEDs,notthevoltageacrossit.Justensureyourresistorsaresufficientvaluetolimitthecurrenttothemaximumallowed
fortheLEDsyoureusing.Idalsosayuse4xbatteriesforgreatercapacity(life)andadjustyourresistorvaluestoonlyallowforexample20mAtoflowthroughtheLEDsforyour6V
supply.
Solarguythatsoundsriskylikeyoumayendupshortingacarbatterythisisamassivenonoasacarbatterycanflashfryanysizespanneryouhaveinyourtoolbox,eventhebig
ones!Yes,Ididsayflashfryandthatsifyoureluckyifyoureunlucky,itlljustexplodeinyourface!
Illrespondtomorelater.
Johanwrote:
Hi!ThankyouDanielforyourreply!
ILikedthisforum,soifireanewquery.
IfIWouldliketogetmaximumlightoutofMypowerleds,withoutgetingtomuchheat
CouldIsomehowusea555tocreateapulsemodificationfasterthentheblincofaneye?
Myledsconsume350mAeach,poweredby4AAinseries,resistantsnotyetcalculated.
Maxdriveis500mA,butIwasthinkingofoscillating400mA/0mAtosavebattery.Wouldthatbedoable,orisThereabetter(andinexpensive)way?
Julianwrote:
Whatsreallyscaryabouttheseriousignoranceshowninmanyofthesecommentsisnotthelevelofignoranceitselfwhichisunderstandable,butthatnobodyseemstoknowhowmuch
theydontknow.Peoplehavelosttheabilitytoknowwhentheyareoutoftheirdepth.Isittheinternet,doeseveryonethinktheycandoanything?ItsabigworryandIsympathisewith
thosewholaytheblamewiththepostmodernistideathateveryoneisequal,soeveryonesopinionisworthasmuchasanyoneelsesregardlessoftheirtraining,experienceorskill.
Onceuponatimepeopleknewthattheydidntknowaboutelectronicsorelectricaltheory,noweveryonejustthinkstheyknowenoughapartfromafewquestionstheymightneedtoput
ontheinternet.
Mostofthequestionershereshouldnottouchabatteryuntiltheyveincreasedtheirknowledgeagreatdeal.Thatswhatschools,universitiesandbooksarefor.
Johanwrote:
DearJulianIthoughtthissitewasCalledbatteryacademyNotelectriciansegoplace.Doyouhonestlythinkthatpeopleshouldntbeallowedtoputabatteryandaledtogetherwithout
propereducation?PeoplelikemeWhohasagoodjobandnointentionstostartschoolalloveragainneedsahobby.Icanandwilldothatwithsuccesafterawhile,withorwithoutguys
likeyou.Letpeoplewhoknowsandwhantstoshareknowledgepostcommentsinforums.MayiremindyouaboutSteveJobs(r.i.p)WHOdroppedoutofschoolandstarted
experimenting.IWouldsayhesuccededfairlywell.BeforecommentingonMybadlanguageskulleIamfromSweden.AnycommentsaboutthatIWouldpreferinSwedish(yesThere
areschoolsforthataswellMyfriend)bestregardsJohan
Julianwrote:
IagreewithyouIvenoproblemwithpeopleimprovingtheirskillsandknowledgeatallofaskingquestionsonforums,whichiswhyImentionedbooks.WhatImsayingisthatpeopledo
needtounderstandthelimitsofwhattheyknowandchoosewhattheyattempttomatchtheircapability.Manyofthequestionshereshowpeoplewhoaresofaroutoftheirdepththey
representadangertothemselvesandothersnottomentiontothegeartheyareplayingwith.Alsoifyoudontknowwhatyoudontknowyoucantlearnproperly.Weshouldalllearnand
experiment,butweshouldalsounderstandandrespectwhatwedontknow.
Danielwrote:
JohanA555timerorsomeformofPWMsignaltocontroltheLEDswillreduceheatastheLEDwontbeon100%ofthetimethatsaid,itwontbeanybrightereitherasitsnoton100%
ofthetime.
Perhapsexperimentwithdutycycleseg70%on/30%offtiming.Thatmightgiveyousufficientlightoutputwithoutoverheating.
Maybeeven90/10willworkhardtosaywithoutexperimenting.
JulianIfullyagreethatmanypeopledontknowtheyreoutoftheirdepthbutthatsaid,theresonlyonewaytolearn.ImalwayshappytohelpwhereIcanbutwithsomethingdangerous,
Iwillmakesuretheyknowtheriskslikemycommentonacarbatteryabove.Iveseena13mmspannervanishintoacloudofsmokeandsparks.Therewasntmuchleftofthecar
batteryeither
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ABDULSHAHEEDMwrote:
IHAVE2BATTERIESONEIS5VANDANOTHERONEIS10V.IFIAMCONNECTINGTHESEINPARALLELWHATWILLBETHETERMINALVOLTAGE?
Inabovefig4itsaysthevoltagewillbe10.butSANDYinfifthcommentsaysitwillbelowervpltage?
whatiscorrectanswer?
ABDULSHAHEEDMwrote:
Ihaveconductedtheexperimentusingtwopowersuppliesitprovedthatthevoltmetershowsthereadingof10v.(highervoltage)
Danielwrote:
AbdulRegardlessofthewhatyoumeasured,youshouldneverhave2batteriesofdifferingvoltagesinseriesorparallel.
Puttinga10vinparallelwitha5vwilleffectivelyforcecurrentbackwardsintothe5vbatteryriskingleakingorpossiblyitcouldblowup(chemicalcompositiondependant).
Theresareasononeverysinglepackofbatteriesandbatterypoweredequipmentthattheystatenevermix2differenttypeofbatteriesormixnewwitholdasitsdangeroustoyour
productandmostlytoyourperson.
Usingpowersuppliesisntthesameasusingbatteriesforyourinformationastheyprobablyhavereversevoltagediodeprotectionsomethingabatterydoesnt,hencewhyyou
measured10V.Usebatteriesandyoullseearound78v(ataguess)...aswellasseeingthe5vbatteryheatupandleakduetothe10vbatteryeffectivelychargingit.
Stickwiththesamebatteries,sametypeandsamevoltagetoensuresafetyandcorrectoperation.
Ihopethathelps.
bigblue1wrote:
Thisquestionisaboutanelectricvehicle.Whatisthebestwiringdiagramtomeetthecars240volt70Ampservice.Ifeachbatterypackhasavoltageof30voltsand35ampsandthere
are16batterypacks.HowwouldIwirethebatteriestomeetthiscriteria.
Danielwrote:
30vx8=240vsoyoudwant8batteriesinseriesforonebank.
16batterieswillgiveyoutwobanksof8.
Simplyputthose2banksofseriesbatteriesinparallelwitheachother.
IlltryandshowitinadiagramBisthebattery,isaseriesconnection,[and]areparallelconnections.
[BBBBBBBB]
terminal1[]terminal2
[BBBBBBBB]
Thatsthemostefficientmethodofachievinga240Voutputacrossterminals1and2.
Thecurrentrequired(70A)willsimplydictatethedurationthebatterieswilllastforalthoughifitsforanelectricvehicle,youwontbeusingituntilthebatteriesareflatsoworkingoutthe
usefuldurationmightbeeasiestbysimplybuildingandtestingit.
Ihopethatsclearenough.Textbaseddiagramsaretgreat
BruceJenkinswrote:
IfIhavea60ahvehiclebatterythathas500crankingampsandputitinparallelwithanotherone,willthecrankingampsincreaseto1000?
Danielwrote:
Inparallelyesitwilleffectivelyincreaseitscrankingampscapability.Intheoryitshouldincreaseitto1000Abutduetolossesitmightbeslightlylessthanthis.
Alsodependsonbatteryquality/age/useetc.
BruceJenkinswrote:
ThankyouverymuchDaniel.
MIKEwrote:
IHAVEAN05PRIUSANDAFRIENDOFMINECAMEAAPONAUSEDBATTERYCANIHOOKTHETWOBATTREIESUPWITHLEADSFROMPOS.TOPOS.ANDNEGTO
NEG.WILLTHISGAINMEMOREBATTERYUSAGEANDCANITHURTANYTHINGMIKE
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Danielwrote:
PostoPos,NegtoNegishowtoconnectasecondbatteryinparallel,whichiswhatyoudwant.
However,itsonlyworthdoingideallyifthebatteriesareofthesamemanufacturerandmodelbutsameratingswillsufficeprovidingitsingoodconditionassumingtheoriginalisalsoin
goodcondition.
Connectinganewbatteryinparallelwithanoldonewontdamageanythingbutitwillhidethetrueperformanceofeitherbatteryieyoumaynotrealiseoneofyourbatteriesneeds
replacingastheotherwillstillsupplypower.
Idsayconnectthemupasintendedbutitmightbeworthtakingthemoffoneatatimesayonceayearandchargethemonaseparatemainspoweredchargerwithabattery
quality/healthindicatorsoyouknowwhichbatteryisgoingstrongandwhichisfailing.
AzizJiwaniwrote:
Ihavefewquestions,kindlyhelp
1.WhatistheidealwayofdischargingtwoLiionbatteriesconnectedinseries?IsitokayifIdoitwithresistorbankoraconstantcurrentsourceisrequired.
2.Itrieddischargingbatteries(twobatteriesconnectedinseries)throughresistorbank(seriescombinationoffour10ohm,5Wresistor).Initialvoltageonthebatterieswas4.15vand
4.18vrespectively.Afterdischargingitfortwohours,Inoticedthatonebatteriesareshowingunequalvoltage3.5vand2.5vrespectively.
Whatcanbepossiblereasonsbehindthis?
Danielwrote:
1:IcantanswerforsurebutIdontseeanyproblemwithusingaresisternetwork.
2:Itsoundstomelikeoneofthose2liionbatteriesisntinasgoodaconditionastheother,henceitslowerpostdrainvoltage.
ImnotthatfamiuliarwithliionbatteriescharacteristicsbutheressomethinginterestingIfoundonwiki:
Selfdischargerateofapproximately510%permonth,comparedtoover30%permonthincommonnickelmetalhydridebatteries,approximately1.25%permonthforLowSelf
DischargeNiMHbatteriesand10%permonthinnickelcadmiumbatteries.[47]Accordingtoonemanufacturer,lithiumioncells(and,accordingly,dumblithiumionbatteries)donothave
anyselfdischargeintheusualmeaningofthisword.[35]Whatlookslikeaselfdischargeinthesebatteriesisapermanentlossofcapacity(seeDisadvantages).Ontheotherhand,
smartlithiumionbatteriesdoselfdischarge,duetothedrainofthebuiltinvoltagemonitoringcircuit.
Ifoneofyourliionbatteriesisold,thenitscapacitycouldbereducedhencewhythevoltagereducessoonerinonethantheother.
Otherthanthat,itcouldbeasetupissuebutfromwhatyoudescribe,Idoubtthis.
AzizJiwaniwrote:
ThanksDanielforthereply.
Ihaveinformedmanufacturersregardingthesameissueandtheyfeelthatsomethingisnotcorrectwiththesetup.Accordingtothembatteriesarefineastheyhavesentmefresh
samplebatteries.
Danielwrote:
Hmmwellwithoutknowingyourexactsetup(descriptionscanonlygosofar),IdontthinkIcanhelp.
ApologiesandIwishyouthebestoflucktrackingdowntheissue.
Bobwrote:
IhaveasolarpoweredLEDpolelampandwouldliketoincreasetheoperatingtime.CanIwire22500mah1.2NiMhAAbattsinparallel,andthenfeedthatoutputinto3more1.2V
2500mah1.2VAAbattswiredinseriestoget4.8V@5000mah?
OramIaskingforafailure?
Bobwrote:
OK,nocommentsyet,somaybeIfigureditoutmyself?
IthinkIwillneedtoconnectatotalof8AAbatteries,thatistosay,4pairs,witheachpairconnectedinparallelaswellasinserieswiththeotherpairs
sothetotalvoltagestaysat4.8Vbutthecurrentratingwillgoupto5000mah
Soundbetter?
Danielwrote:
Ionlyreplytothissitewhenimatwork.Idontworkweekendsapologies.
Mixingupbatteriesinseriesandparallelcanbeveryrisky.
Itsoftenconsideredabettermethodtostickwitheitherseriesorparallelandensureoneofyourrequirementsismorethanyouneed.
SImplywiring4x1.2vinparallelwillgiveyouthe4.8vyouneed.Aseachofthemis2500mAh,yourtotalwillcapacitywillbegreaterthan5000mAhmeaningthelightwillstayonlonger.
Itsneveranissuetohavemorecapacitythanyouneedasthedeviceyourepoweringwillsimplylastlonger.
19/43
2/3/2016
As4.8visachievedandgreatercapacityitsawinwinsituation.
Anyquestions?
Danielwrote:
Noignorethatmondaymorningisnevergood
4x1.2vinseriesis4.8v
Ifyoumustrun(4xseries)inparallelwithasecond4inseries
Bobwrote:
ThanksDaniel.WouldIsimplytietheoutputs(+)to(+)and()to()fromeach(parallelandserial)togetheroristhereadifferentway?
Danielwrote:
Idontfullyunderstandwhatyoumean.
+to+andtoforaparallelconnection.
+toforseries.
Wireitlikethisifthismakessense:
(1.2v+/1.2v+/1.2v+/1.2v+)
connector{}+connector
(1.2v+/1.2v+/1.2v+/1.2v+)
1.2v+isonebattery
Ihopethatmakessense.
Bobwrote:
Checkmeonthisplease:bothrowsofserialconnectedbatteries(4perrowoutputting4.8Veachrowof4,thatis1.2+1.2+1.2+1.2=4.8V)andthelast+ofeachrow(atthat4.8Voutput)
getsconnectedtogethertomakethefinalpositivepole(alsototaling4.8V),whilethelastofeachrowgetconnectedtogethertomakethefinalnegativepole?OrdoIcrossconnect
eitherrow&ifso,how?Justnotunderstandingtheconnectorand+connectoryoushowinthemiddlebetweenthe2rows.
Sorryforbeingdense.
Lovethesite.
Danielwrote:
Yourecorrectinthefirstinstance.
Makea4.8vbatterybywiring4x1.2vinseries.
Takeeach4.8vbatteryandconnecttheendterminalsofthesamepolaritytogether,+and+,and.
Dontcrossconnectanyofthemiddleconnectionsasthatwillmessthingsup.
Theand+connectorIshowedabovewasapoorattemptatshowingthemasterconnectionswhereonebankofseriesbatteriesisconnectedtothenextbankofseriesbatteriesbut
onlyattheendsnotinthemiddle.
Showingacircuitdiagramusingjusttextisnteasy
AlsoitsnotmysiteIjusthelpwhereIcan.Ialsofounditusefulandfullofgoodinformation.
Ireadthroughthislistofquestionsanddecidedtostarthelpingthosewhoneedhelp/guidanceetc.
Batteriescanbedangerousifyoudontknowwhatyouredoing.
AdmittedlyitsonlyreallybigleadacidbatteriesthatposearealthreatbutcertainLiiononescanexplodeifmistreated.
AnywayIhopethistimethatmakessense
Bobwrote:
justlikeconnecting2batterypackstogether,redtored,blacktoblack.
Yikes!AnunpaidmoderatorweareallveryappreciativeDaniel.
Thankyou!
Danielwrote:
Youreverywelcome.
20/43
2/3/2016
Bobwrote:
Ok,youvegotmycuriosityupnowDaniel.
Canyoutellmeifanyofthesedesignshasanyadvantageovertheotherswithrespecttobatterylife,andalsoifthebottomfigurecalcsarecorrect..ie7500mah?
4S2P
4.8V|+{===]+{===]+{===]+{===]|@2500macellcapacity=5000total
|+{===]+{===]+{===]+{===]|
4S4P
4.8V|+{===]|+{===]|+{===]|+{===]|@2500macellcapacity=5000total
|+{===]|+{===]|+{===]|+{===]|
4S3P
4.8V|+{===]+{===]+{===]|+{===]|@2500macellcapacity=7500total
|+{===]|
|+{===]|
Danielwrote:
Imhavingyourtroublewithworkingoutwhatsmeant
Whatdoes4S2Petcmean?
Iassume4Series,2Parallelbutisthat4inseriesx2,eachinparallelor4inserieswith2inparalleltothose4?Orsomethingelse
Intermsofbatterylifethemorebatteriesyouhaveinparallel,thebetter.Thatstheshortanswer.
Intermsofvoltage,themoreyouhaveinseriesthebetterforinformationsake.
Doesthathelp?
Bobwrote:
Goodmorning.
Yourassumptioniscorrect.Thetopconfigis2parallelconnections,ateachendofthebatteriesinseries(at#1and#4batteryends)andthereare2rowsof4batteries,witheachrow
connectedinseries.The2ndconfigis4parallelconnections,ateachbatteryend,also2rowsof4batteries,eachrowconnectedinseries,andofcoursethe3rdimageis3parallel
connectionswith3batteriesconnectedacrosstheir+andterminals.,andasinglerowofserialconnectedbatteriestomake4.8V.
Thedesignationsdontmeanmuchreally,itsthewaytheyareconnectedIdliketogetfeedbackonpleaseifyoucan.Arethereprosandconsorisoneastandout?
Hopethisclearsupmyexamples.
Danielwrote:
Firstlythelastconfigisntagoodidea.
Ifyouhave3batteriesinparallelandforcethatthroughanyinseriestheseriesbatterieswilleitherrestrictthemaximumcurrentfloworworseyoucouldbechargingtheseries
batterieswhichcouldcausethemtofail/leak/explode.
ItsNEVERagoodideatohaveanybatteriesinserieswithaparallelset.
Heresmysuggestionwhichmaybewhativealreadysaidabove
Youneed4.8Vsoconnect4x1.2vinseriestoachievethat.
Onceyouvegotyourrequiredvoltagestackenoughofthoseseriesgroupsinparalleltoachieveyourcurrentrequirement.2rowswilldobuta3rd/4thwillprovideagreatercurrent
capacity.
Bobwrote:
Yeah,Ithoughtthatlastonemightbeoutofbalance.Appreciatetheinput.Thanksagain.
Zoliwrote:
Pleasehelpme!
IbuildaNIMHbatterypackasfollows..8xAA1.2v2500mAhinseriessois12v2500mAh,andIhave4oftheseinparallelsoismustbe12v10000mAh!IfIamrightandIdischargeit
with4500mAismustberunatleast2hour!Ididmonitoringthevoltageandiscascadingdownniceandslowly,butafter1houronecellisstartingwarmingupandshortingouttheother
batterys!Whatishappening???Ichangedthefaultycellandtestitagainbutthereplacedcellisblowoutagain,butonlythatbatterypackfromthe4ishavingtheproblemeverytime!I
changedthewiringandthecellsagain,butthesameresult!Ismustbework.no?Whatcanbeaproblem?
ThanksZoltan
Danielwrote:
Thisproblemismentionedseveraltimesabove.
Firstly8x1.2Visnt12V.10x1.2Vis12V
Heresmysuggestion:
Youwant12Vand10,000mAhcorrect?
21/43
2/3/2016
Iduse10x1.2Vinseriestogive12V.
Idthentake4setsoftheseandwiretheminparalleltomaintain12VbutincreasingyourmAhcapacitytoyourrequirements.
ONLYCONNECTTHEFIRSTANDLASTOFEACHSETTOTHEPARALLELCONFIGDONOTCONNECTINTERMEDIATEBATTERIESINPARALLEL!
Alsoensureeveryoneofthebatteriesyoureusingisofthesamequalityaseachother..ideallyallbrandnew.
Theonecellwarmingupcouldbebecauseitsmoreusedthantheothersandnolongerhasitsrated2500mAhcapacity.itgetswarmbecausetheotherbatteriesareeffectively
chargingit.
Thismayalloccurbecauseyourerunninga12Vsystemfrom9.6V(8x1.2V)puttingextrastressonthebatteriesandpotentiallypullingmorecurrentthanexpectedwhichinturnwould
causeevenmorestressonthebatteries.
IhopesomethingImentionedwillhelpyoubutbeaware,ifaNiMHbatterygetshot,itcanexplodeifyoureunluckyandjustleaknastychemicalsifyourelucky.
Zoliwrote:
ThanksDaniel,
SorryIjustmisstypeit!Iwantittosay10aainseriesand4x10parallel!Sorrytoconfuseyouwiththenumbers!Thebatterysisallbrandnewfrommaplin!Icheckedthedataseenofthe
batteryandthediagramshowingthedischargingalgorithm,whatisallowedmetodischargethe2500mAhbatteryevenwith5000mAfor1/2hour!Whatissayto,mustbefastchargedthe
batteryforthiscapacity!Canbeaslowchargecreatingunevenchargedcellinthepacksandputtingthatcellforabigstressamakeitdie?
ThanksZoltan
Danielwrote:
Imnotcertainwhattheproblemisthenitsoundslikeeverythingisbalanced.
Imnotcertainwhatscausingonecelltobecomeweakbutoverstressingabatterywillcertainlyshowtheproblemsyouhave.
Idlookverycloselyatthewiringaroundthatparticularcell.
Perhapsalsotryyourexperimentat2500mAhfor4hrsItmaybethataslowerdischargedoesntshowtheproblemsindicatingthatafastdischargeiscausingtheissues.
Alternativelythebatteryvoltagewhenhalfthecurrentcapacityhasbeenusedwontstillbe1.2Vhencewhyafter1hryoureseeingproblems.
Ifyouneed4500mAfor2hrsminimumitmaybebeneficialtohave5setsinparallel,not4.Anincreasedcurrentcapacitywillhavelessofaneffectonthevoltageandalsosavesyou
fromdeepcyclingthebatteriessomethingImnotcertainhowNIMHreactto.
DocConnick`wrote:
Iwanttoloopseveralcarbatteriesinaseriestoallowawindturbineihaveconstructedholdandsupplyelectricitytomyhouse.HowdoIgoaboutconnectingthesebatteries?doIneed
tocheckvoltagesoneachindividulabattery?
Neelwrote:
Fromthefigureofseries/parallelconnectiongivenabove,wonttherebeabackflowofelectronsifthe1stbatterygivescomparativelylowvoltageorcurrentoutputthantheprevious?Or
shouldwejustaddthevandI,withoutconsideringtheirpositionalvaluestogetthefinaloutput????plsreplysoon.
Danowrote:
Ihaveanbackupequipmentthatrequires24Vtostart.
Ihaveconnectedtwo6volt(155Ah)batteriestogetherwitha12volt(100Ah)allinseries.
Whatwillbetheresultantvoltage&currentificonnectanother6volt(155Ah)batteryinparallelwiththiscircuit?
Danielwrote:
Doc:Iassumeyouwanttorunhouselightingetcfrom12Vandnotanythinghigher?
Ifso,youwanttowirethebatteriesinparallel,+to+,to.
Ifrunningtheminseries,itsfarlessforgivingifthecapacitiesaredifferent.IfyouneedahigherDCvoltagethan12V,seriesistheonlyrealoptionandjustmakesureyourbatteriesare
allthesamecapacity,ideallythesamemanufacturer/model.
Neel:Therewontbeabackflowifthefirstisdeadbutthecircuitwilltrytochargeitandbalancethemout.Thisisnotdesirablethough.
Dano:Adding6Vtoanalready24Vsupplywillgiveyou30V.Whyaddmoreifyouneed24Vandhave24V?Sorryformyconfusion.Also,ideallythebatteriesshouldbethesame
voltage/capacityaswellbutthisisntascriticalforparallelconnections.
UjangSumarwanwrote:
Ienjoyreadingthearticlebecauseitmetwithmyobjectivetoknowhowtobuildbatterieswithcombinationseriesandparallelconnection.Myquestionishowtomakepowerbankwitha
numberofNiCdorNiMHcellsfor19.5Vandabout18000mAh.Thankyou.UjangSumarwan,LecturerBogorAgriculturalUniversityBogorIndonesia
Jameswrote:
22/43
2/3/2016
isitcorrectconnecting12V,80AHwith12V120AHseriestoget24Vfor250kVADGstarting
Bartwrote:
WhatamImissing?Isoldereda20gaugecopperwireacrossthepositiveterminalsoftwo1.5V,2.0ampAAbatteriesfromthesamepackageandawireacrossthenegativeterminals
ofthesamebatteriesforaparallelconfiguaration.Thevoltageis1.5buttheamperageisonly2.5.
Ithoughttheamperageshouldapproach4.0.ItlookstomelikeIveintroducedsomeseriousresistanceinthiscircuit.IsitpossiblethesolderIusedisaddingsignificantresistance?
Would18gaugewiremakeanoticableincreaseintheamperage?
Thanksinadvanceforanyideasyoucanoffer.
Bartwrote:
Whew!LookslikespellcheckerandIpartedcompany.
Inmypreviouspostaboutbatteriesinparallelandamperageconfigurationandnoticeableweremisspelled.
Sorryboutthat.
Lynnwrote:
SorryIdontknowwhytheamperageisntgoingupinyourcircuitbutpleasedontusethewordbatterywhenyoumeancell.
YouareconnectingtwoAACELLS.
ConnectingCELLStogetherineitherseriesorparallelwillcreateabattery.
Yes,IknowwesaybatterywhenbuyingCELLSatWalmartbuthereinamoretechnicalsettingweshouldusewordsmorepreciselyl.
PeterSwwrote:
MaybyasimpleQuestion,butIdidnotfoundtheanswersofar
Ihavealotof1,2VAANiMH2000mAhAkkusandaMultiCharger.
TypicalCharge:200mAfor15h.
Q1:WhenIwanttocharge4inSeries,thecurrentis200mA(at4,8V)
Q2:WhenIwanttocharge4inparallel,thecurrentis800mA(at1,2V)
Thanks!
Mohitwrote:
hi,
Iwanttogivemorecurrenttoadcmotor,butwithoutburningthemotordriverboard.Howcaniconnectextrabattery?SeriesorParallel?
Jaywrote:
Manyyearsago,Itookmyparentsmobile,bagphoneonaschooltrip.Thoughitwasmadeforacigarettelighterplugputtingout12V(14v?)Ifoundthatitwouldturnonwitha9V
battery.(Iguessitwasenoughtopowerthings.)
SoknowingthatIwouldneedmoreamperage,Iremembercreatingaratherlargebankofparallel9Vbatteries.(Irecallusingpiecesofdecentguagewirerunacrosstheleadsand
holdingeverythinginplacewithelectricaltape.)
ThebagsatonthebusalldaylongandwhenIgotbacktoitattheendoftheday,the9Vbatterypack,whichIpurposelyleftdisconnectedfromthephone,wasEXTREMELYHOT!(I
rememberbeingveryalarmed,thinkingthatIcouldhaveblownupourbusorsomething)andrippedthebatterypackapartimmediately.
Whathadoccurredtomewasthatthoughthebatterieswereinparallel,oneormoreofthemwaslettingtheelectricitypassthroughcausingaclosedcircuit(short)andtheyheatedup.
Italwaysstuckinmymindthatthoughparallelbatterieswouldincreaseamperageandallowadevicetowork,thepackitselfwoulddischageandheatupifleftalonebecauseitwouldself
shortoutthroughthecells.However,thereareplentyofbatterypacks(andthisarticle)thatcotradictmynewbelief.
...SoIwonderwhydidthispackheatupandshortout?Wasitabad9Vbatteryottwointhepack?Cananyonesharesomethoughtsontowhythismighthavehappened?Thankyou
verymuch!
Jay
Danielwrote:
Idsayitwaseitheradodgybatteryor2asyousay,orperhapsjustapartiallydischargedbatterywhichwouldcauseanoffsetinthebalanceofpowerbetweenallthebatteriesinparallel.
Eitherthatoroneormorebatterieswerewiredthewrongwayaround.
Bartwrote:
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2/3/2016
IthinkDanielsreplynailedit.Imnobattery(cell)expertbutIfoundsimilarcommentstoDanielsonotherforums.
Idgowiththebadcelltheory.
Danielwrote:
MohitAnycurrentgoingtoamotorwillflowthroughitscontrolboard.Yourelimitedbythecurrentcapacityofsaidboard.Increasingthenumberofbatterieswilleitherhavenoeffectas
itslimitedbythedriverboard,oritwillblowthedriverboardup.
Idbuyanotherdriverboardwhichisratedhigherthantheoneyoucurrentlyhave.
Thinkofitlikethis:Addingmorefuelinthetankofacardoesntmakeitgofasterasitslimitedbytheenginescapabilities.
Jaywrote:
Thanksforthereplies!
Whenitfirsthappened,Ithoughtthatdespitethebatteryhavingpolarity,itstillmayhaveallowedsomeelectricitytoflowintheoppositedirection,creatingaclosedcicuit(Forinstance,I
knewthatifyouhadseriescellsandplacedonebackwards,thevoltagewoulddropbutthebulkoftheelectricitywouldcontinuetoflow).
ThefirsttimeIstartedwonderingwhatreallyhappenedwaslaterwhenIboughtanEnergizerflashlightthathad2barrelsforbatteries4AAsineachbarrelthe2barrelsinparallel
(obviouslytomakethelightlastlonger).Iwonderedwhythosebatteriesdidntgethotlikeminedid.IhadchalkedituptoatheorythattheswitchmusthavebeenDTdisconnectedthe
batteriesfromeachotheraswellasthebulbwhenturnedoff.Ofcourse,Iveencounteredseveralbatterypackswithparallelcells,since,somymindalwayswentbacktothisincident
andwhyithappened.
Rememberingthingsprettywell(itwaslike15yearsago!)ImprettysurenoneofthebatterieswerebackwardstheywerestandardDuracell9Vbatteries..Ijustlinedthemup,ranwires
acrossthetopsoftheterminalclips.
MyrfirstthoughtwhenIfoundtheuntouchablepackwasthatoneofmyleads(orperhaps2)wasinadvertenlytouchingthebodyofthebattery,causingashort.Ikindaremember
lookingforthisandnotseeingit,butthatdoesntmeanIdidntoverlookit.
Soinconclusion,iftherearenodefects,youSHOULDbeabletocreateahigheramperagebatterypackbysimplyputtingcellsinparallelandNOTgethot,drainedbatteries?
Andifyoudidhaveoneslightlyweakercell,doesitstandtoreasonthattheothercellsmaydepletesomewhat,asshownabove(thoughthatbadcell),butonceallthecellsequalize
thereshouldnolongerbeanydrain?Orwouldoneweakcellalwayskillaparallelbatterypack?
Thanksagainforyourinput!
Jay
Danielwrote:
JayIwasntsuggestingyouwerewrong,Iwasjusttryingtofigureoutthepossibilities.
Asingledodgybatteryinasetofparallelbatteriesshouldntcauseanyissuesintheory.
Inpractisethisisntalwaysthecase.
Whatyousayisrightinthatthebatteriesshouldequaliseoutbuttohavethatheatingeffectyousaw,somethingmusthavebeenwrong.
Myonlyotherthoughtisthatyoumayhavehadsomethinginyourbagwhichmayhaveshortedtheconnectoralthoughyoudmostlikelyseemeltingofwiresetc,somethingyoudidnt
mentionabovesoIdontknowifthishappenedornot.
Wasitahotday?Wasthebatterypackmayberestingonthefloorabovetheexhaustorsomething?Otherthanthat,imatalossforideas.
Jaywrote:
HeyDaniel,
IdidntthinkyouweresuggestingIwaswrong
AnythingispossibleIhavealwaysbeenintoelectroncis,somyinitialthoughtwentimmediatelytotheobviousmusthaveshorted
thebatteries.IjustremembernotfindingashortsoIwasperplexed.(ObviouslyIhavebeenlosingsleepoverthisfor15years!HahaactuallyIjusthappenedtofindthissite
yesterdayandthoughtIdposethequestion.)
KnowngthatthebatteriesSHOULDhavebeenOKinparallel,IamgoingtohavetoassumethattherewasashortthatIdidntnotice.Itwascertinalynotthetemperatureofthebusor
anythingIrememberthesebatterieswereliterallytoohottotouch.
(IrememberthatIreallywaskindastressedoveritthinkingthatIcouldhaveinadvertenlysetthebusonfireorsomethingoops.GladIjusthadadeadbatterypackandauseless
BagPhone)
Thankyouagainforyourinput.
J
M.Sohailwrote:
howtojointtwounequalvoltbatteries
Michaelwrote:
Helloihaveaquestion,iprefertonotcorrepondinamnnerwherethedialougueisvisibletoothersWouldyoumindgettingtouchandIcanoutlinethecircustance?
24/43
2/3/2016
Thankyousomuch
MicahelMurphy
TorrentEMS
(716)7258977mobile
Danielwrote:
M.SohailConnecting2batteriestogetherofdifferingvoltages,asmentionedinseveralplacesabove,isntagoodidea.Alldetailsastowhyyoushouldntdoitcanbefoundintheabove
articles.
MichaelImintriguedbyyourrequestbutIhavenoideawhichcountrythatmobilenumberisfor.Illpostoneofmyemailaddresseshereforyoutocontactmedirectlyon.
emc_danny@hotmail.com
NOTICETOOTHERSPLEASEDONTCONTACTMEVIAMYEMAILFORQUESTIONSWHICHSHOULDBEASKEDONTHISPAGE.IWILLNOTRESPOND.
Godwinwrote:
howtoconnectbatteriestoget24voltsDCandaamperageof3amps
Manuel.Mwrote:
Hi,Ihaveaquestion:IfIconnect2LiPObattery(withtheoriginalfactoryprotectioncircuitinsideeveryone),IcanwithoutproblemsorImustreplaceeveryprotectioncircuitwithonlyone
thatservealltwobatteries?.Iaskthis,becauseIhaveconnectedthebatterieswithitsoriginalprotectioncircuitsand,aftersomemonths,oneoftwoisinflatedanddamaged.Thisis
happenedtomanydeviceswithsameconfiguration.
Verycomplimentsforthewebsite.
Bestregards
Danielwrote:
Goodwinthatdependsonthevoltageofyourbatteriesaswellascurrentcapacity.
Ifyoucantellmewhatbatteriesyouwanttouse,Icanpointyouintherightdirection.
ManuelKeepiongtheindividualprotectioncircuitshouldntbeaproblem.Imaybeyouretakingtoomuchcurrentornotchargingthemproperlyifitsinflatinganddamaged.Idlookinto
howyoureusingthebatteriesandseewhytheymaybeoverheatingandwarping.
Maybealsochecktheprotectioncircuitstoensuretheyvenotfailed.
bobgillwrote:
Hello.Ipurchaseda1000lumensledbulbforaradiocontrolledairplane.whenIhookthebulbupdirectlytotwo,nonrechargeable,123alithiumbatteries,thelightshinesbrightlyfora
minuteortwo,andthenthebatteriesdischargetoareallyweakstate.
imtotallynewtobatterypowerandelectronics.cansomeonetellmewhythebatteriesworkfineinaflashlight,butdraindrasticallywhenhookeddirectlytoa1000lumensledbulb?
pleasereplyto:rjgillcorp@yahoo.com.
Ireallyneedthehelp.bestregardsthankyou.
Uttamthakurwrote:
Whydoesmobilebatterygetchargedupwithcharger,ascurrentofchargerislowerthanmobilebattery?
Danielwrote:
Yourelookingatitthewrongway.
Thecurrentoutputofachargerdictateshowlongabatterywilltaketocharge.
Thecurrentcapacityofabattery(ampere/hours)dictateshowlongsaidbatterywilllastforwithagivencurrentbeingdrawnfromit.
Ifachargerhadagreatercurrentcapabilitythanthebatteryitwascharging,thebatterywould.ataguessexplode.Itslikeforcing300litresofwaterthroughapipein30s,yetthepipe
canonlycarry200litresin30s.Anymoreanditgoesbang.
TobeperfectlyhonestandImeanthiswithallduerespect,thisisaprimaryschoolquestion.Soasamatterofpersonalsafety,Isuggestyoulearnthebasicsofelectricitybeforeblowing
somethingupandinjuringyourself.
Marywrote:
Ihaveascienceteamparallelwiring2setsof10lightschristmaslightswhichranoff2Cbatterieseachand4smalllightswhichrunoff2AAeachalltooneswitchandonebattery.They
wireditanditworked.Theyuseda12vbatteryandafterturningthelightsonandoffseveraltimesduringthecourseof10minutesonlyonelightworked.Theycheckedthemandthey
hadallburnedoutbutthatone.Eachbulbwasdark.Theyhavedecidedthebatterywastwopowerfulbutdonotknowwhattypeofbatterytouse.Cananyonegiveusanyinformation.
25/43
2/3/2016
Thankyou
Jaywrote:
HiMary,
Consideringthattheoriginallightstrandsranoffof2CBatteries,andtheothersetoff2AAbatteries,Iamassumingthatbulbsaredesignedfor3Volts.(Asyoufoundout,12viswaytoo
much.)
IftheyarewiredthewayIhaveseenbatterypoweredChristmaslightswiredinthepast,eachlightsocketiswiredinParallel.
SinceyouaresimplyaddingmorelightsinParallel,yourvoltagerequirementisstillonly3Volts.
ItistheAMPERAGE(andnotthevoltage)thatneedstobeincreasedinordertosupplypowertoallofthelights.
AsIdonotknowthewattageofthebulbs,Iamgoingtoguessandsaythat2Dbatteriesmightdothetrick(DshavethesameVoltagebutmoreAmperagethanCsandAAs).Theywill
likelylightallofthestrands(afteryoureplaceallthedeadbulbs)butIcantsayforhowlong.
Iftheydonotpowerthelightsforalongenoughperiodoftime,youmightconsiderwiringmultiplegroupsof2DbatteriesinPARALLEL.(Again,thegoalistokeeptheVoltageat3Volts
andincreasetheAmperage)
Ihopethishelps.
J
debarshibiswaswrote:
ifiadd10equalcellsinseriesandoneofthemgetsoutoforderthenwhatisthevoltagethatewillgetateachterminalofthedamagedcell?
Danielwrote:
90%
Icantgiveyouanexactvoltageifyoudontprovideone.
MikePBrophywrote:
Mytruckrunsona24voltsystemusing2x12voltbatteries.Iwanttoconnecta12voltwinchintothesystem.HowdoIdoit???
LynnEllsworthwrote:
3ways.
1stway:Justconnectthe12voltwinchtoone12voltbattery.
2ndbetterway:buya24voltinputto12voltoutputtransformer.Obviouslyconnecttheinputtobothbatteriesandconnectthe12voltoutputtothe12voltwinch.
3rdway:checkyourcigarettelightervoltage.Thereisagoodchanceyourtruckalreadyhasatransformerthatreducesthevoltagetoaccessoriessuchasthecigarettelighterandthe
12voltwinchcouldbepluggedintothecigarettelighter.(useavoltmetertomakesurewhichistheplusandminusoutputofthelighterifthisisnecessaryforyour12voltwinch)
TruckstoresandFrysElectronicstypestoresshouldselltransformersandwiringadaptersforthelighter.
Alwayskeepsomethingpluggedintoyourcigarettelightersoyouwillnotbetemptedtosmoke:).
suhaswrote:
Ihave3Libatterieseachof3.7V2600mAH.IwannamakeaBatteryManagementsystembyconnectingtheminparallelconfigurationofoneseriesthreeparallel(1S3P)(BBB).soplz
suggestmeanyICthatwillworkbesttochargethebatterypackof3.7V,7800mAH.
LynnEllsworthwrote:
Tobeginwithyoudonothave3batteriesyouhave3cells.Whenyouconnectyourcellstogetherthenyouhaveabattery.
Youdescribeconnecting3cellsinparalleland1cellinseries.Thismakesnosense.Doyouhave4cells?Evenifyouhave4cellsyourconnectionsmakenosense.
Whenyouconnectcellstogetherinparallelthevoltageremainsthesamebutamperageincreases.Whencellsareconnectedtogetherinseriesthevoltagegoesupbuttheamperage
remainsthesame.
Thereseemstobeadifficultyonthissiteunderstandingthatanycellsoranygroupsofcells(batteries)youwanttoconnectinparallelorseriesMUSTBEABSOLUTELYIDENTICAL!
NO,doNOTconnect3cellstogetherinparallelandthenadd2cellinseries.
Inyourcaseitsoundslikeyouwanttoconnect3identicalcellstogetherinparallelbutthenconnect2ofthecellstogetherinseries.FORGETIT!Youwillbeconnecting7.4volts(3.7vx
2)voltsto1cellof3.7volts.Whatthehellareyouthinking!?
2IDENTICALcellsinparallel(3.7volts1battery)couldbeconnectedto2IDENTICALcellsinparallel(3.7volts1battery)inseriestocreateONEbatteryof4cellsequaling7.4volts.
OR
Thetwo3.7voltbatteriescouldbeconnectedtogetherinparalleltomakeONE4cell3.7voltbattery.
26/43
2/3/2016
Jacksonwrote:
IhaveascenariothatIamwonderingabout.Ifyouhave2batteriesthataresupposedtobe12v,butoneofthemisactually12.5vandtheotheroneis11.5v.Youconnectthemin
parallel,sothatthereisa1vdifferencebetweenthetwo.Wouldthe12.5vbatterydischargeto11.5vthroughtheinternalresistanceoftheotherbattery?
Carryingonthatthought,thefollowingscenario:thevoltagesof2batteriesinparallellareidenticalbutthedischargeratesaredifferentandtheyarebeingused,sothatonevoltage
decreasesfasterthantheothervoltageandthenwouldthetheoretical2voltagedischargeproblemappearagainsoIamthinkingthatconnectingupbatteriesinparallelcauses
inefficienciesbecauseitcausesthecombinationsvoltagetolowertothevalueofthelowestbattery?
jackwrote:
itdependonwhattypeofbatteryyouaretalkingabout.
butfor2batterywithdifferentpotentialconnectinparallel,currentwillflowfromthehigherpotentialtothelowerpotential.
youmaywanttochecktheinternalESRratingofbothofthebatteryandthemaximumCurrentallowforthecell.
anotherwayistodischargebothofthecelltothesamevoltagelevelandchargethemuptogether.
doyoumeantheamountofcurrentdrawfromeachcell?
thecompensationwillactuallyensurebothcellwillreach0%socatthesametime(iftheyarethesametypeofbattery)
Jaywrote:
Hiall,Iamlookingforsomeadvice
IvebeendesigningaportablepowerpacktouseforanapplicationIneed.Iwantthepacktobebasedona12Vbattery,havea5VUSBchargerbuiltin,apowerinverterbuiltinand
directconnectiontothe12VavailableIplantobuildtheseintoroadcasestylecases.Iwanttobuildbetween4and8ofthesesetups.(IrealizethatIcouldbuysomethingsimilaroff
theshelf,butwhatfunwouldthatbe?)
Ideally,Iwouldliketohaveonechargerthatcanchargehalforalloftheseatthesametime.(Notunlikeachargingrackforportableradiosoronpremisepagersorsomething.)
IvebeenlearningalotaboutbatterychemistriesImleaningtowardsSLA,butNiCadorNiMhareclosesecondchoices.ImthinkingSLAbecausetheyarecheaper,andcansitlonger
betweenuses(thesewontbeusedthatregularly)butIthinkIwouldneedlargerbatteriesbecauseofthedischargecurvedependingonthedraw.
NiMhwouldbemysecondchoice,becausethey(fromwhatIunderstand)cangivemoreoftheircapacityathighercurrentdrawthanequivalentSLAbuttheydischargeontheirownif
notchargedregularly.NiCadwouldbemythirdchoicemainlybecausetheyaresimilarenoughtoNiMh,andcheaper.Theirmemoryeffect,howevermaybeaproblem.(inthelongrun,
IthinkNiMhwouldstillbeabetterinvestmentthanNiCad).
Charging:
AsIsaid,Iwouldideallyliketohaveasinglechargingunitforall4or8setups.ButwithalltheresearchIamdoing,Iamnervousaboutwhichbatterytypewouldbebestforthispurpose
andifitwouldbesafetodoit.Ihaveownedpagingdevicesinthepastthathadreallysimplechargingracks.EachpagerhadadualAAAsizedNiCadpackinsideandthecharging
rackcontainedasimplecircuitboardwith8setsofterminalsinparallel(withnoothercircuitryinline).Chargerwasanexternalpowersupplytype.Multiplerackscouldbestrung
togetherwithjumperwiresinparallel.
ThatdesignisbasicallywhatIwanttocreatebutwithallthatIamreading,Iamworriedparallelcharginghigheramperagebatteries(lookingat2.5Ampsforeachsetup)couldbe
dangerousand/ordamagesomeofthepacks.
Mylatestbrainstormistobuildachargercircuitintoeachboxandsimplyconnecttheminparalleltoanexternalpowersupply(IwouldliketoinputlowvoltageforthepowersupplyI
prefernottohaveanyliveACinsidetheboxsavefortheinverter,butthatwouldbeaselfcontainedunit.)Thiswill,ofcourseaddsomecostandcomplexitytomyproject.
Cananyoneofferadviceonthefollowing:
A)WhatbatteriessoundmostidealconsideringwhatIvelaidout?
B)Isparallelchargingdoableforthisdesignwithoutbuildinginindividualchargingcircuits?
C)IfIcanparallelchargethebatteries,wouldpickingachargerbeassimpleasfindingonethatcouldchargethetotalamperage(say2.5Ampsx4setups)inagivenamountoftime?
(Imfinewithovernightrecharging.)(Example:10Ampstotalperrackusea1ampchargertochargethegroupin10hoursignoringinefficienciesfornow.)
Furthermore,wouldthischarger,ifonlycharging,sayonesetupatatime,chargeitfasterorovercharge?(CanIfindasmartchargerthatcanadjustitsoutputbasedonthebattery
packdraw?)
Thanksinadvancefortheadvice!
J
MikeMichelsonwrote:
Ihavea6voltDCsystemonanantiqueboat.Iwouldliketooperatea12voltDCGPSdeviceatthesametimeIamoperatingtheboat.HowcanIsafelyhookuptwo6voltbatteries,in
series,toachievethe12voltsfortheGPS(GlobalPositioningSystem)and,atthesametime,connecttheelectricalsystemoftheboattoone(ormore)ofthetwo6voltbatteriesto
operatetheboat?
Thankyouforanyguidanceyoucanprovide.
Mike
Jaywrote:
Getting6Voltand12Voltatthesametimeisnotthatdifficult
Thebatteriescanbewiredinseries..Your6Voltsystemwillconnecttooneterminalofonebatteryandtapintotheconnectionbetweenbothbatteries.The12VoltGPSunit(useaninline
fuse)canbeconnectedtothepositiveterminalononebatteryandthenegativeterminalontheother.(Iwouldmakesurethatyourground(negative)isthecommonconnectionthough
Iamfairlysurethataboatdoesnotuseachassisgroundlikeacar,thereisahighlikelihoodthatsomewherealongthelinethegroundsmaybeconnectedtogether.
27/43
2/3/2016
CHARGING,however,wouldbetheproblem
Ifyourboatsothersystemswillberunningoffonlyoneofthe6Vbatteries,thatbatterywilldischargefasterthantheotherwhichisonlybeingusedfor1/2oftheGPSspower.
Iftheboathasanonboardchargingsystem(alternator,etc.)youcouldnotchargebothbatteriesatthesametime.(evenIfitwerea12Voltchargingsystem,youwouldhaveanissue
withonebatterybeingchargedmoreorlessthantheother.)Ifyouplantoremovethebatteriesandchargethemseparatelyas6Voltbatteries,youwouldbeOK.
J
Jaywrote:
OneotherthoughtforsimplicitysakeYoucouldgowitha12VoltBatteryanda12Voltchargingsystemandthenusea12Voltto6Voltvoltageconvertertoruntherestofyourboats
systems.(Theregular6Vsystemsgetwiredtotheconvertersoutputandthe12VGPSconnectstothebatterybefore(orinparallelwith)theconvertersinput.
J
Frankwrote:
Isawthisquestionaskedtwicebutnospecificanswer.Again,canbatteriesofequalvoltagebutofdifferentamperagebesafelyconnectedinparallel???Andifyes,willthetotal
amperagebecumulativeorwillitdefaulftothelowestdenomination:
I.E.three12v/32Abatterieswithtwo12v/35Ahbatteriesallinparallel
(3x32Ah)+(2x35Ah)
=96Ah+70Ah
=166Ahtotaloutput??
Mycurrentsituation:three12v/32Ahbatterybank,allinparallel.Chargedbyone100watts,17.5v/6.5ampssolarpannel&a12v/25ampchargecontroller.
Tryingtoaccomplish:addtwo12v/35Ahbatteriesallinparalleltocurrentbank(vendordidnothave32Ahbatteriesavail)Addone100watts,17.5v/6.5ampssolarpannelalsoinparallel
withcurrentpannel&thesame12v/25ampschargecontroller.
Areplywillbegreatlyappreciated,eitherinthisveryeducationalwebsiteortomyemail:fm1950@peoplepc.com
riyawrote:
ineed48volts12ahbatteryconnectionservice..
socanido4pcs12volt7ahbatteryinserialconnection(itprovides48voltsand7amp)and1pc12volt5ahinparallel(totalis48volts12ah)
connection?
isitright?
pleasetellmeisitrightornot
Jaywrote:
Hithere,thisisnotrightifyoumadeyour48Voltsupfrom412Voltbatteriesinseries,youwillgetthevoltageyouarelookingfor,butattheaverageamperageofthebatteriesinthe
series:(7Ah)exactlyasyouhavestated.
But,togettheadditionalamperageyouarelookingfor,youwouldneedasecond48voltpowersourceinparallelwiththefirst.(Another48voltsat5Ah).
[4x12volts@7ahinseries]paralleledwith[4x12volts@5ahinseries]
J
error23wrote:
ifineedabatterywhosemotorrequirmentare100Vand200Acontinuousand750Apeak.andihavecellsofrating3.3Vand50Acontinuousand120Apulse.howshouldidesignthe
requiredbattery?pleasehelp
cynthiarobetsonwrote:
IHAVETOKNOWWHATISTHCURRENTPASSETHROUGHABATTERYOF1.2VOLTSINASOLARLAMPBECAUSEWHEREIMWORKINGIHAVESOMEPRODUCTWITH
THISTYPEIWOULDLIKETOKNOWMORE.
ryanwrote:
toanyoneoutthereaskingifyoucanconnectthree12vbatteriestomake24vitmostcertainlycanbedoneifthefirstandsecondcellareconnectedinparallelandthenthesecondcellis
connectedinseriestothethirdcell.Thefirstandsecondcellwillactasonecellofequalvoltageandraisingtheamperage.Whencelltwoandthreeareconnectedcelloneandtwowere
alreadyonecelltherefortheseriesconnectiondidnotknowthedifference.Ifthiscouldnotbedonethenthereisnowaylargebatteriescouldberaninseriesseeingassomelarge
batteriesareonlytwoseriesconnectedinparallel.Ihavebeenrunningasetuplikethisforfiveyearsandhavehadnoproblematall.Runningcellstogetherinthismannerwouldnotbe
forthebegginerhowever.
28/43
2/3/2016
Kirkwrote:
Iwanttoinstallsomesolarpanels.The8panelshaveanouputof2080watts(260perpanel).CanIconnect8autobatteriesinseriestostoreandthenutilizethepower?Ihavea3Kwatt
voltageinverter.
Johntheengineerwrote:
Onethingthatisnotcoveredisthatinaseriesstringthebatterywiththelowestcapacitywillobviousallyfallinvoltagefirstbuttheniftheloadcurrentcontinuesthevoltageonthecellwill
fallto0Vandwillreversesoitwillattempttochargeinthewrongdirectionwhichcausesitevenmoreharm.(Toshowthisclearlyreplacethefailedcellwitharesistorandthendrawthe
voltagesacrossitandtheadjacentcell).Thisiswhyyouhavetobeverycarefulonhowlowavoltageyoudischargeaseriesbatterytoo.Thehigherthevoltageofthebatterythemore
difficultitistodetectthefirstcellgoingflat.
DonaldJwrote:
Isntthereaproblemwithconnectingcellsorbatteriesinparallel?
Inpracticenotwocellsarethesame,causinganimbalance.Wontthecellsdischargeintoeachother?
kefaswrote:
hi!ihavea5kw/48vsolarinverterfromIPANDAthathasdifferentchargingparametersincludingCC/CVwithadjustablechargingcurrentsoidecidedonusingaLiFePO448v/600ah
batteryfromHipowergroupchina.Iwanttohavea50%DODsoichosetoconnecttwoofthisbatteryinparalleltoget48v/1200ah.Whatwillbemychargingcurrentandvoltagein
10hoursthroughsolar,iliveinNigerianormaltemperatureis3040C.Thanks
markwrote:
connectingLifePO4batteriesinparallelisNOTrecommendedforvariousreasonsinvolvingtheBMSelectronicsusedineachpack.connectingtheminseriesisnotanissue.
markwrote:
theconnectingLifePO4batteriesinparallelisNOTrecommendedforvariousreasonsinvolvingMSelectronicsusedineachpack.connectingtheminseriesisnotanissue.
vaijuwrote:
Iwanttodesignagridscalebatterystorage.thebatteriesneedtofeed11kVACbusandloadis200MW.Howcangetthismuchvoltageandwhatwillbethebatteryrating,Ah,kWh
rating?
JohnFetterwrote:
vaijuYouarelookingataverydangerous,veryexpensivetechnology.A40MWhinstallationwasoperatedattheChinosubstationnearLosAngelesfrom1987onwards.Eightstrings,
eachof1032submarinetypebatterycellsratedat3250Ah,connectedvia18pulseinverters,transformers,tothegrid,toperformloadleveling.MycompanysubcontractedtoExideto
design,manufacturetheautomaticwatering,gasfiltering,flamearrestorequipment.Personnelwerelockedoutofthebatteryroomwhenthebatterywasoncharge.Thebatterydelivered
3000deepcycles.
vaijuwrote:
ThanksJohnFetter,actuallyIwanttoknowhowcanIcalculateratingofbattery,noseriesparallelconnection,inverter,transformerratingifthebatteryhastosupplya11kvbus,the
loadratingmaybeless.
JohnFetterwrote:
vaijuItappearsyouaretalkingabout200megawatts.Youcannotsimplyconnectcellsinseriesuntilyoureachavoltagetomatch11kilovolts,threephase.Youcangoupto2,500
voltsDCsafely.Youareobligedtousetransformersthatcanprovideatleast24pulseinverteroperationtokeeptheharmonicdistortiondown.
IfW=VI,then200,000,000=2,500XI,thereforeI=80,000amps.Therearenocellsthatcandeliver80,000amps.YoumightneedmorethanUSD100milliontobuildthisthing.
Janakawrote:
hiihaveaphilipsshaverwhichconsistsonlyoneAAAbatterybutitsgoesofononeshavesometimesthebatteryisnotenoughforthecut.
29/43
2/3/2016
Iamthinkingaddinganotherbatterytothesystem,CurrentlyitrunswithaAAAsoshouldiaddanotherbatteryandshouldaddthatparrell.
Ahmedwrote:
Thanks,thisisgreatinformation.
mahmoudhasanloowrote:
Hi,
ThescenariowhichIllexplainisnotarealonebutIwanttoknowthatcanwedothisornot???
Supposewehave6cellswhichspecificationofthemareasfollow:twoofthemhave1.2vand200mA(bigcells)andfourofthemhave.6vand100mA(smallcells)characteristics.Iwant
toconnecttwoofsmallcellsinserialthenconnectwithoneofthebigcellsinparalleltoformabankcellwith1.2vand300mA.Inthismannerwehavetwosuchbanks.NowIwantto
connecttwobanksinserialtoformabatterywith2.4vand300mA.
NowIwanttoknowisitpossibletohavesuchaconnection???InotherwordsIwanttoknowcanweconnectdifferentcellsinserialtohaveabiggercellthenconnecttheminparallelto
haveacellbankwiththerequestedcurrentandfinallyseriallyconnectthemtoformabatterywithrequestedvoltageandcurrent.
sachinwrote:
if4batteriesconnectedinseriesbetweenchargerandloadatsametime.istheperfomanceofbatteriesdecrese
Jaywrote:
Mahmoud:thescenarioyoupresentedshouldwork.Ifyouhaveanyweakcellsinthesetuptheothercellswilllikelybalanceitoutloweringtheoverallvoltage(Ibelievetheresinonthisat
thetopofthepage),butifallisperfect,youshouldendupwith2.4vat300mah
J
VictorVillasenorwrote:
Isthereawaytodoubleorincreasedthedischargerate(c)withtwolipobattery.
Ihavetwolipobatteries3cellseach,3000mah,25c,myRcjetrequiresahigherc.
Knownfacts:IfIconnecttwobatteriesinparallel,thecurrentaddsup.
Iftwobatteriesareconnectedinseriesthevoltageaddsup.
Youcanreplytomyemailandpostyouranswer.thankyou.
HaveanicedayVic.
Awesomewrote:
isitpossibletoconnect2batteriesofthesamemakeinonetablettoincreaseruntime?
Weijiwrote:
Ifthecellswithidenticalsizeandcapacityareconnectedinseriesandtheyhavedifferentinitialstateofcharge,willthecellsalwaysbechargedequallyduringthechargingprocess?If
not,howisthetotalchargedenergydistributedamongallthecells?Whichfactoraffectstheenergydistribution?
shelbywrote:
Iamlookingtorunaserial/parallelconfigurationall12voltmusttheamperagemachexactlyorcantheamperagevaryfrombatterytobattery?
Santoshwrote:
IhaverechargablebatterypowersupplyDC55vformycdpalyerwhichIuse.
IhaveanotherbatterypowersupplywiththesamemakebuttheDCvoltageis40v.
CanIconnectthesecondbatterypowersupplyinparelleltoincreasethecurrenthandling.
SincetheDCvoltageisnotthesamewillthecdplayergetthesamevoltageof55v.
Iwouldappreciateyourresponse
Markwrote:
30/43
2/3/2016
Shelbyandothersyoucanthinkofabatterieslikethis:imaginethemaskegsofbeer,andwhateveryouconnecttoit,usessomeofthatbeer.NowVOLTAGEishowfastthebeerwants
tocomeoutofaparticularkeg.Ifyoupumpitup,youincreasetheVolts,andthebeercomesoutfaster.AndAMPERAGEishowwidethekegandnozzleare.
Soifonecouldstackkegsontopofoneanother(inseries),thentheirspeedsadd.Itdoesntmatterwhattheindividualspeedsare,theyalwaysadd.Buttheirwidthsdonotthe
narrowestone(lowestAmps)haslessbeerinit,soasyoudrawfromtheseries,thesmallonewillemptyfirstandtheotherbatterieswillpushmorebeerintothatonetokeeptheflow
goingpossiblyinthereversedirectionwhichisverybad.
Andifyoucouldsetkegsofdifferingspeedsnexttoeachotherandtapthemallwithonetap(parallel),thenyouruinintotheoppositeproblemthefasteroneswillbespewingbeerinto
anysloweronesuntilallequalizeatsomeidenticalspeed.Here,itdoesntmatterhowwideanyofthemaretheyallarethesamespeed.Sotheirwidthsaddhere,andthespeed
equalizes.
Soinsummary
Inseries,batteryVoltsADD.KeeptheAMPSthesameforeachbattery.
Inparallel,batteryAmpsADD.KeeptheVOLTSthesameforeachbattery..
SoSantosh,noyoucantconnecta55Vand40Vsupplyinparallel.The50Vonewilltrytopushelectricityintothe40Vone,possiblydamagingit.Ifitdidworkatall,youdseesomething
lessthan50Vbutmorethan40VreachingtheCDplayer.
Jonwrote:
WowIcantbelievehowlongthisthreadhasbeengoingon.Hereismyissue.
Ihavea110Vsolarpanelconnectedto212VDiehardPlatinumPM1deepcyclebatteriesthrougharegulator.Iampoweringa12Vsamplerandpump.Iunderstandthedifference
betweenvoltagesdoublingandamperagesdoublingbetweenseriesandparallelsetups.TheanswerIcantseemtofindiswhichsetupwillcausethebatteriestolastlonger.Withthe
largecapacityofthebatteriesIwouldthinkincreasingtheamperagedrawdownwouldyieldthemostefficientsetupbutIamnotsure.Idontneed24Vsoseriesdoesntseemtomake
sense.
Pleaseletmeknowwhatyouthink.Thanks.Jon
Markwrote:
Deepcycleleadacidbatteriesarenothingmorethanregularleadacidbatterieswithmoreleadinthem.Theylastlonger,becausethereismorestuffinsidetobeconsumed.And
thesearechemicalreactionbatteriestheyaredestroyedslowlyduringuse.
Watts,isVoltstimesAmps.Whenusingpowerfromabattery,itsuppliessomeamountofpower(watts.)Whenrecharging,thoseusedwattsarereplaced,alongwithsomeextrawatts
forlosses.Usingthisbatteryspower,andreplacingit,iswhatwearsthemout.Solongstoryshort,itdoesntmatterifthevoltsarehigherortheampsusinganycombinationofthetwo
causeswear.
WhatWILLreducewear,isusinglesswattsfromthisbattery,andkeepingitasfullaspossible.WearINCREASESasthesebatteriesapproachempty.Ifyoucompletelydischargeone
oftheseeachtime,itmaylast400cycles.Butifyouonlydischargeit10%eachtime,itmaylast10,000.
Markwrote:
Jon,yourbestbettoreducewearwouldbetohookupmorebatteriesinparallel.Thisaddstheiramps,andwilldividethedailywearbetweenthem.
SolarchargingcanbenefitfromspecialattentiontotheefficienciesofthepanelsthemselvessomethingcalledPeakPowerTracking.Takealookat:http://www.timnolan.com/index.php?
page=arduinopptsolarcharger
JohnFetterwrote:
MarkTherewere11billionUSdollarsworthofmotivepowerbatteriesinuseintheworldin2010,thataredeepcyclebatteries,thathavealifeexpectancyof1500cyclesat80%
discharge.
Therearebatteriesonthemarketthataredescribedasdeepcyclebutareactuallyregularbatterieswiththickerplates.
Therearealsobatteriesonthemarketthataredescribedasdeepcyclethathavepositiveplateswithspecialalloygridsandspecialseparators,thatcanachieve800cyclesbasedon
2X18holegolfdutyperday.
Thedifferencebetweenasocalledregularandadeepcycleismorethanmerelytheamountofleadthatisputintothebattery.Theplatesaredifferent,thegridsaredifferent,the
separatorsaredifferent.
Markwrote:
Technically,yesbutthepointis,theyareconsumedastheyareused.Theyareachemicalwaytostoreenergy,andwillwearoutnomatterhowgoodtheyaredesigned.Whenit
comestothewearthough,thewearincreasesforallleadacidbatteriesastheyapproachthedischargedstate,deepcycleornot.Deepcycleisanabusedbuzzword,makingbuyers
thinkthesecanbecompletelydischarged1000softimes,andthatsimplyisnttrue.80%dischargedisalotdifferentthan90%discharged,andnoleadacidbatterywillsurviveeven
dozensofcompletedischarges.
JohnFetterwrote:
MarkIfinditinterestingthatyouaresuggestingthatwearincreasesforallleadacidbatteriesastheyapproachthedischargedstate.Youmightliketoexplainthatinmoredetail.
Yousaydeepcycleisanabusedbuzzword.Isitpossibleyoumaybereactingtomisleadinginformationthatperhapsabatterydistributormayprovideinordertogetasale?
31/43
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BobKennardwrote:
IamtryingtopowerSMD5050LEDmodulesinsidealightbox.Mychallengeis,thereinnoACpower.Ineedsometypeofbatterysoloution,buttheymustlastaslongaspossible.The
lightsarelocatedinconvenient/gasstationsinthemiddleaisleswherethereisnopower.Imopentorechargeable,butoriginalchargeneedstolastaslongaspossible.(Idontseethe
everydayemployeeschangingoutthebatteriesasneeded).Itwillendupbeingarepwhichisinthestoresmaybeonceamonth.
Lookforwardtoyourcomments.
Thanks,
BobKennard
BarkProjectManagement
6309645876
bob.kennard@barkpm.com
shawnelliottwrote:
canyouchargea4leadacidbatterysinSerialwithawindturbindandParallelwithasolarsystem
windturbindchargingat48v
solarsystemchargingat24v
justthinkingifyoucandischargea48vpackasa24vpackwhycantyouchargeitthatwayaswell
shawnelliottwrote:
orsamesetupwithnifecellsinplaceoftheleadacid
JoeCosgravewrote:
isitpossibletocreatetwocircuits,one6Vandone12Vwithtwo6vcarbatteries?
JohnFetterwrote:
Joe
Yesbutthebatterieswouldlikelynotremaininbalanceduetounequalcharging/discharging..
mubashirwrote:
thanksforinform
ankitdubeywrote:
hi
ihavetwolipobattery
(1)3s1p2200mah25C
(2)3s1p4200mah30Cbothhave1celldead.iwanttomakeacombinationofbatteryformyQuadcopter(maximum110ampcurrentrequiredforfourmotors)fromthesebatteriesi.e
2cellof4200mahinserieswith2cell(parallel,becomes4400mah25C)of2200mahbattery.
maximumcurrentoutputfor2200mah=4400mah25C=110amp.
maximumcurrentoutputfor4200mah=4200mah30C=126amp.
isitpossibletomakesuchcombination.pleasehelpme.
thanks.
jahangirwrote:
ifihavefour12Volt100AH,iwanttoconnectfor24voltthenwhatwillbethepower?
pleasesuggest
HariNarayanwrote:
BatteryConstruction(GroupingofCells)
32/43
2/3/2016
Alistairwrote:
V.helpfulsitemanythanks.
Ihavebeenlookingforananswertothisquestionbutcantfindanythingreliableonthenetthatdealspreciselywithmyquestion.
IhaveanisolatedpropertywithnomainspowersoIhadinstalledasolar/batterysystem8yearsagowith12x2v750A/100hlead/aciddeepcyclebatteriesinseriesproducing24v
nominal.SolarchargingwithpropercontrollerandVictroninverter/charger/transferswitchwithgeneratorbackup.
Ihavebeenhavingsomeoddpoweroutsrecentlyandhavingbeguntounderstandthetechnology(say5%!)Igotholdofaspecificgravtymeasuringdeviceforleadacidbatteriesand
checkedallthecellsSGswhentheywereresting(nosignificantloadorcharge)andnearfullycharged.All2vcellswereatacceptableSGlevelandaboutthesameSGexceptoneatthe
endoftheserieswhichhadamuchlowerSGthantherest.
FromwhatIhavereadIambeginningtounderstandthatthismighthappenbecausethefirst(oristhelast?)inabatterybankseriesissubjecttomuchgreaterdemand/stressandso
agesmorequickly.
Myquestionsare:
1.Ismyunderstandingcorrect?
2.ShouldIswitchtheorderoftheexistingbatteries,placingtheweakest(presentlytheendofseries)tothemiddleofthebatterybank?or
3.ShouldIreplacetheweakbattery,acceptingthatitslifewillcometoanendattheseametimeastheremainingbatteriesinthebank?Ibelievetheremaybe4years+lifeinthe
remainingbatteries.
4.Sameas3butisthereadifferenceinSGthatdeterminesthenecessityofreplacingtheweakbattery?
5.Finally,shoudlIswitchtheorderofthebatteriessayeachyeartoachieveamoreevenwearofthecells?
AresponsewouldbegreatlyappreciatedandIthankyouinadvance.
Alistair
JohnFetterwrote:
AlistairThecellwiththelowSGisprobablynotgoingtosurvivemuchlonger.Itisunlikelyitspositionhasanythingtodowiththis.Haveyoubeenequalizingyourcells?WhatImeanby
thisisthis.Itisimpossibleforallthecellstohaveidenticalcharacteristicsandtheirstateofchargewillgetoutofstepovertime.Thesolutionistogiveallthecellsaperiodicgentle
overcharge,(C/20),aftertheyhavebeenbroughtto,whatappearstobe,fullstateofcharge.Ifthebatteryisnotequalizedthelowestcell(s)couldbecomereversechargedduringadeep
dischargeandsufferpermanentdamage.
Alistairwrote:
ThanksJohn.InterestinghowIcanpickupthewronginformation,despitebestresearchefforts.
LastJune(2013)thebatteriesstartedbehavingerraticallywithvoltagecollapsingonlyafewhoursaftertheyseemedtobefullycharged.Theywereshowingmuchlowercapacitythan
usual.
WhatyouhaveexplainedresonsateswithmebecauseIdiscoveredlastJunethatthesolararraydidnothavesufficientpowertoputthesolarbatterychargerintoequalisationmode
frequentlybecauseoftheregulardemandonthebatteries.
IranthegeneratorwithitschargeratequalisationvoltageafewtimesleavingaweekorsobetweenandthenwhenchargedtothemaxIperformedtwocapacitytestsusingfirsta500w
lampandthena1,000wlamp.
Thebatteriesshowedan89kw/hcapacitywhichIthoughtwasprettygoodforthem.
IthendoubledthesizeofthearrayandboughtaTristarMPPTwhichhasaloggingandwebpagefeaturethatshowedmethatequalisationwashappeningforabout3hourseverymonth.
Despiteallthis,withthebatteriesfullycharged,thefirstcellinseresisshowinganSGof1.150whilsttherestareat1.2501.270at23C.
Iconcludefromyourcommentsthatthereisnothingtobedoneaboutthedefectivecellandthebestthingtodoistoreplaceitwithanewoneofidenticalspecbecauseitwillcollapse
soon.Althoughthereplacementcellwillonlybeusefulfortheremaininglifeofthebatterybank,atleastitwillallowtheremainingcellstobeusefulfortheirnormallifespan.
IwouldappreciateconfirmationthatIhaveunderstoodcrrectly.
Alistair
JohnFetterwrote:
AlisterYes.
However,itisnotnecessarilythebatteryusersfault.Cellsdooccasionallyfailprematurely.Itisthiskindofuncertaintythatpeoplefindfrustratingaboutbatteries.
ItisimportanttoequalizethebatteriesperiodicallyandchecktheSGs.AdjusttheequalizationsothattheSGscomeupbutdontoverdoit.Overchargingcausespositivegridcorrosion.
Alistairwrote:
ThanksagainJohn.Itsgreattohaveconfirmationofthesethings.Iwilldoublechecktheequalisationandotherchargingparameerstomakesurethatthesolarcontrollerandgenerator
batterychargeraresetupcorrectly.
InanticipationofyourresponseIcheckedtoseewhethertheremightbeanypotentialsnagswithreplacingasinglecellina2vx12batterybank.Iwassurprisedtofindanarticleinthe
trojanwebsite,http://www.trojanbattery.com/techsupport/faq/(Item11)thatstatesunequivocallythatthisisadangerousthingtodo.Aretheyoversttaingtherisk,i.e.nottakinginto
accountofsituationswherealltheotherexistingbatteriesareingoodcondition,goodSGsandwithplentyoflifeleftinthem?
Ipromisetoleaveyouinpeaceafterthislastquestion!
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2/3/2016
JohnFetterwrote:
AlistairTherearethousandsofcellreplacementsinforklifttruckmotivepowerbatteriesworldwideeveryweek,performedbyprofessionals,tokeepthebatteriesgoing.Iftheservice
peopletryreplacingtheentirebatteryeverytime,theyfindthemselvesoutofajob.Theircustomersknowfromexperiencethatasinglenewcellamongpartiallyworncellsconstitutesno
problem.
Alistairwrote:
Nothinglikeabitofcommonsense.OddthatTrojanshouldmakesuchclaims.Orperhapsnot.Nowlookingforthesuppliertoorderrepacementcell.
Youradvicehasbeenabsolutelyterrific,thanksagain.
JohnFetterwrote:
AlistairIreadtheTrojaninfo.
Ifindwhatmanufacturerssayandwhattheydonotsaysignificant.Underchargingisaverycommonproblem.Itcausesbatteriestobecomesulfated.Accidentswithbatteriesareless
common.Thereare(legal)warningsonbatteriesconcerningexplosionhazardsandacidcorrosionburns,nowarningadvisinguserstokeepbatterycharged.
Whatyoumightfindisthatthenewcellwillhaveahighervoltagethantheotherswiththebatterynearfullstateofcharge.Itmaybegintogasearlierthantheothersandmayusemore
water.
Khairilwrote:
Hi,thisisaveryusefulwebsite.Thanksforcreatingthiswebsite.
Ihavetwo12volt17AHsealedleadacidbatterywhichhasalreadydead.NomatterhowlongIchargeittheopenvoltagecellisbecomes10.8voltafterawhilewithoutanyload.Im
planningtofurtherdrainthevoltageofbothofthebatteryto6.9volt.AfterthatIintenttoconfigureitinseriestogetanominalvoltageof13.8volt.ForchargingIwillusea12voltbattery
chargertomaintainthevoltageof13.8volt.Canidothis?InasensethatItookadvantageofadead12voltbatteryanduseitasa6voltbattery.
JohnFetterwrote:
KhairilNo.Itwontwork.Leadacidcellswillnothaveanysignificantchargebelowabout2volts.Youllprobablytryitanyway.
Khairilwrote:
ThanksJohn.
DKwrote:
@MikeYoucanpickupachargeregulatoratCanadianTireforaround$30.Itallowsyoutochargeonebatterywhiledischargingtheother.Imnotsureifitwillalsouseonebatterythen
switchtotheotherifneitherofthemischarging.
chenchodemwrote:
whythecellvoltageisshowinghigherthantheratedvoltage,whereasourratedcellvis2.2andmostofthecellareshowing2,5v,whatcouldbethereasonandhowcanwemaintainthe
voltage.
ActuallyamfromaHydroPowerplantandwearehaving2batteryBankswith108cellseach.ExideBattery,1820AH
JosepMoranchowrote:
Ihaveinmysolarsystem2AGMbattteriesconnectedinserial,130Aheach,andIhavebeenusingthemfor2years.NowIneedtoincreasethecapacitybyaddinginparallelanewserial
blockof2batteries.
IhaveseenthatforthenewserialblockIshouldusebatteriesofsametechnologyandcapacityandifpossiblefromthesamemanufacturer.
Correct?
Myseconddoubtis:
ShouldIconnecttogetherthenewbatteriesinthenewserialblockormixineveryserialblockoneofthenewbatterieswithoneoftheoldones?
Thanks
RuparathnaAmuwalawrote:
34/43
2/3/2016
whatistheadvantageofgelbattery
JosephQuarcuwrote:
whatwillbethetotalvoltagewhena12vand14vbatteryisconnectedinparallel
JosephQuarcuwrote:
I,mcharginga12vbatterywith14vsupply..andihaveconnectedavoltmeteracrosstheterminal.Iwanttoknowthevalueofthevoltmeterwillreadwhenthebatteryisfullycharge
Thanks
Nickwrote:
Ruparathna:ItwouldbeeasiertolistthedisadvantagesofGelbatteries:
1)Higherinitialcosts
2)generallyheavier
3)Cannotreplacewaterinsideifoverchargedconstantly
4)mustuseatempsensingcharger
5)Thereisatightchargingrangetoextendbatterylife.generally~13.8to14.1Volts
TherearemanyadvantagestousingGelbatteries.Hereisagoodreference:http://www.mkbattery.com/content_container.php?page=downloadsandtechnicalreferencefaq
nathanwrote:
Ineedtoreplace12volt2amptransformerwithbatterycellconfiguration.Itmustbelighttocarry.Iamwillingtouseastepuptransformerorstepdowntransformerifsmallenough.
Helpthemebuildamagicpeop.
Danwrote:
Ihavejuststartedreadingintothisandveryrusty,alas.Iamlookingtocreateaparticularseries/parallelconfiguration.LetssayIhaveaccesstoalltypicalhouseholdbatteriesandmy
desireistocreateaseries/parallelconfigurationthatwillascloselyaspossiblesupply15Vand7ADC.HowdoIcalculatethiswithouttesting100configurationsandwiringpossibilities?
Yoursupportisgreatlyappreciated.
SanjayKhatanawrote:
Ihave4Sony2100mahAAcellsaroundtwoyearsoldbutIhavenotusedthemmuch.
CanIuse4newcellssamemakesamecapacity(4xSony2100mahAA)inparallelwiththeolderonesinmyFenixTK41
Thanks
Danwrote:
HiSanjayabsolutely!Justchecktheholdvoltageoftheolderbatteriesandcomparewithnew.Ifolderbatteriesaresignificantlydifferentyoumayneedtoreplace.
SanjayKhatanawrote:
ThanksalotDan.Afterchargingthemforsometime(notfully)Iputthemintheflashlightandafter24hoursallthenewonesarehaving1.37Voltsatrestandtwooftheolderoneshave
1.37voltsalsobuttwooftheoldonesareholding1.39Voltsand1.41Volts.ShouldIfullychargethemandthencompare?Idonotusetheflashlightregularlyandonlyuseitforaminute
ortwo.Iplantestforafewweeksandwillmonitorthevoltageregularly.IncasethedifferenceremainsthesameshouldIreplacethetwowithdifferentvoltage?
EdwinMedinawrote:
IfIhave(2)12vbatteries,withthetwopositivesterminalsconnectedlikeinparalleltoadevice,butonlyoneofthenegativeterminalsconnectedtothedevice.IknowthatImonlygoingto
have12v,andtheahofthebatterywiththetwoterminalsconnectedtothedevice,butthequestionis:doesthatconfiguration,maydamagethebatterythatisjustconnectedonthe
positiveterminal?
JohnFetterwrote:
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2/3/2016
EdwinNo.Connectingoneterminalofabatteryornotconnectingoneterminalhasnoeffectonthebattery.
EdwinMedinawrote:
ThanksJohnFetter!Whatarethenegativeeffectsofconnectingtwo12vbatteries,one7ahandtheotherone10ah,inparallelorseries?
JohnFetterwrote:
EdwinItisneveragoodideatoconnectbatteriesinparallel.Thisisbecausetheymusthaveidenticalcharacteristicsandmustremainmatchedovertheirworkinglife,somethingthatis
unlikely.Batteriescanbeconnectedinseries.Theymusthavethesameamprehourratings.Iftheygetoutofstep,theycanbegivenanequalizingchargealowamperagegassing
chargetobringallthecellsto100%stateofcharge.
JoshuaWoolridgewrote:
Hello,iwaswonderingiftwoofthesamebatteryinparallelwoulddoubletheiramplimitaswellasmAh.Sayihavetwosamsunginr186502500mAh20Acontinuousamplimitbatteries.
Willmyoverallspecsnowbe5000mAhwith40Acontinuousdrain?Thanksinadvance.
Johnwrote:
Ihave4new,6voltGolfCartBatteries.Ihaveatrollingmotor40amps.TheBatteriessay21520HRCAP/105mins@75A
Mytrollingmotorhasarockerswitchfrom12voltto24volt.andithas4speedsnomatterwhichofthetwovoltsIchoose.
Whentherockerswitchison12voltsitwouldbeusingmy#1and#2batteriesthenon24voltsitwoulduseall4batteries.
Abouthowlongwillthemotorrunwiththeswitchon12voltand24volt.
HowaboutifIwiredall4batteriestomakea12voltbank.andthemotorwouldonlyworkwithall4batteriesina12voltbatterybank?
IamlookingongettingthelongestamountoftimeonthelakebeforeIhavetopaddle.HaHaIunderstandspeed#1wouldachievethatbutletsassume#4sincethatisthe40AMP
setting.
Woodywrote:
Wouldthescenariobepossibleto2s2pusing3equalcells?
JohnGodwinwrote:
Woody,Whatdoyoumean2s2pusing3equalcells?
JeffGreshamwrote:
wherecanIfindtheanswerstotheabovequestion?
Tomwrote:
itseemspackbuildermaking18650packsconfiguretheseriesfirst.Forexampleifthepackwillbe10s5ptheybuildtheseriesandthenparallel5.Otherssuggestitsbesttoconstruct
5p1sandthenconnect10ofthosetoendupwith10s5p.whichisbetter?
Hmmmmwrote:
IhaveaLiiondatasheetthatsaysthemaxdischargeforonecellis2.2Abutthemaxdischargeforthepackof7inseriesis4.0A.Isthisnonsense?Thecurrentthroughastringof
cellsisthesameasthecurrentthroughasinglecell.
JasonHillgerwrote:
Moreofa?ThenacommentIhave212voltbattsboth750CCAIwanttorunthemparallelbutwasconcernedwilltheydrawpowerwhenthevehicleisoff??
36/43
2/3/2016
Woodywrote:
Iwaswantingtohavethreecellsconfiguredwherecells#1&#2wereparallel,andtheparalleldpairwiredserieswithcell#3.Iwasinformedthat,ifenoughloadwasapplied,the#3cell
wouldmostcertianlyfail.
Btw,sorryfornotrespondingsooner.
Thanksfortheresponse
W
Edwardwrote:
ofcourse,the#3cellhavetoaffordtwicecurrentthan#1and#2cell
Shumaimwrote:
whatwouldhappenificonnect2v960Ahbatterywith10V100Ahinseries.Whatwilltheoutputandwhatwillbetheimpact
JohnFetterwrote:
ShumaimIfbotharefullychargedbeforeyouconnectthem,youhavea12V100Ahbattery.Ifyoudischargethisarrangementyouruntheriskoffullydischargingthe10V100Ahand
thenreversechargingitfromthe2V960Ah.Thiswillruinthe10Vbattery.Ifyouarecarefulanddontfullydischarge,soonerorlaterthe2V960Ahwillendupdischargedthroughself
discharge,becauseyouwillnotbeabletokeepitsufficientlychargedwithoutoverchargingthe10V100Ahbattery
Notagoodidea.
Simonwrote:
Hereisaquestionthatsreallybaffllingme
Ihave2x12V80AhBatteries.IhavethemsetupupinSeriestohandlemyINPUTfroma24VChargeController.Effectivelygivingme24V@80Ah.Myloadisa24VDCtoACinverter.
Ihavea12VDCpump.Icanconnectthe12Vpumptothefirstbattery+and.
QUESTION(beforeIblowup):CanIconnectthe2xbatteriesinBOTHSeriesandParalleltoget12V160Ahonthefirstbattery+and.
Greatforumguys!
JohnFetterwrote:
SimonYouhavetwo12Vbatteriesinseriesfedfroma24vcharger.Thebatteriesfeedintoa24Vinverter.Sofar,sogood.Youmustnotconnectthebatteriestothecharger,northe
inverterifyouhavetheminparallel.Youmustnotconnecta12Vloadtoonlyoneofthebatteries.ThewordBOTHmakesyourquestionambiguous.Letmeguess.Youareplanningto
disconnectbothbatteriesfromthechargerandtheinverter.Then,aftertheyaredisconnected,youwanttoparallelthemanddrivethepump.Thatwillworkanditwilldrainyourbatteries.
Ifyouleavethechargerconnectedyoumightdamageit.Dependsonitsdesign.
Simonwrote:
HiJohn,
Thanksforthequickreply
Icanexplainfurther
Ihave24vSolarpanelsconnectedtothe24vchargecontroller.
Ihaveaconnectionfromthe24vchargecontrollerfeedingthe2x12vbatteriessetupinseries.
Ihaveaconnectionfromthe24v+andtothe24vDCtoACinverter.ALLOK.
Icanrunthe12vpumpnoproblemjustusing+andononeofthe12vbatteries.ButIamtryingdoubletheruntimetoget160Ahat12v.
IhavedrawntheschematicfortheBOTHseriesandparallelononly2x12v(lookscomplicated)andIcannotfindanyotherresourceontheinternetwheresomeoneelsehasdonethis
withONLY2xBattery.EveryotherconfigurationusingBOTHseriesandparallelconsistof4xbatteries.
Myplanwastoleaveeverythingconnectedandjustconnectthepumpononlyonebattery+andasandwhenneeded.
JohnFetterwrote:
SimonYouwillshortenthelifeofyourbatteriesbecauseonewillbecomepermanentlyunderchargedandtheotherpermanentlyovercharged.
Ifyoucan,Isuggestyoubuildasimple24Vin12Voutpowerconverter.Atransistor,(probablyanFET)switchwithapermanent50%on,50%offduty.Theswitchingfrequencycanbe
afewhundredcycles.Youneedafreewheelingdiodeacrossthemotor.Youcanfeedthemotordirectlywiththesquarewave.Themotorwillmakesomenoisebutthatdoesnotmatter.
37/43
2/3/2016
Simonwrote:
ThanksJohn,foryoursoundadvice,justlookingat24vto12vDCconvertersnow!
Ireallyappreciateyoursoundknowledgeinthisregard!
Keepupthegoodwork!
Regards
Si
raymundrichiemoiseswrote:
Hi..
Ihaveabatterycar12vandimnotsureinthereampere?mybatteryis3smMOTOLITE.CANsomebodyanswerme?tnx..
Imtryingtobuildapowersupplyusing12voltsbattery(4dmotolitetruckmaster)andconnectedtomypowerinverter(1500watts12vdcto220vac).
Thedcvoltagedropsto1011volts..andacvoltagedropto135volts..
Whenitrytouseapowerdrillthathavespecs(220v,700watts,3.1amps.)
Cansomeoneexplainwhatjusthappen?caniuse212voltsbatteryparalleled?
JohnFetterwrote:
raymundItwouldseemthatyourbatterycanthandlethedrillsstartingcurrent,causingitsvoltagetofall,inturncausingthedrilltostruggle,inturndrawingmorecurrent.Itisalso
possibleyourinverterovercurrentprotectioniskickingin,causingthedrilltostruggle,inturntryingtodrawmorecurrent.Tryusingtwo12vbatteriesinparallel.Ifthisdoesnothelp,you
willneedaninverterwithahigherpeakcurrentrating.
Thanksjohn..isitpossibletoparallel2pcs12vsbattery(size:N150/4D,AH:70,RC:270).itwillnotoverheatorexplode?
JohnFetterwrote:
raymundIamnotabatterysalesmanandIdontwalkaroundwithbatterytypenumbersinmyhead.Youcanparallelidenticalbatteries.
YvesLandonwrote:
DearJohn,
IwouldverymuchappreciateyourinputorthatoftheexperiencedmemberstoadvisemewhetherIcanproceedwithseries/parallelconnectionforthefollowingequipment,andtoletme
knowiftherewouldbeanyriskofbatteryexplosionifsuchseries/parallelisimplementedforthefollowingscenario:
CurrentSituation
1x8KVAINVERTOR/UPS
Inputvoltage:96v
Output:220v
22Amax
Theequipmentiscurrentlyconnectedto8x12vleadacidbatteriesof200AMPeach,inseriesinordertosupplythe96Vinputpower.
NoparallelconnectionsofarmeaningthatIonlyhave200AMPstorageoutofthe8batterieswhichisabitawasteofresourcesandcertainlyahugecost.
Knowingthattheinvertorisconnectedinofflinemodetothegrid,itprovidesabackuppowerofaround8hoursperday.Thebatteriesarenow2yearsoldandduringthe1styearIused
topowerthewholehouse(22Agrid)including6hoursruntimefor1x12000BTUAC.
Question1:isitpossibletoproceedwithaseries/parallelconnectionwithsuchheavydutybatteries?How?Towhatmaximumamperesi.e.400,600,800,etcknowingthattheinvertor
hasabuiltinchargeranditusedtotake1216hourstofullychargethebatteries.
Question2:ifIcanproceedwiththeseries/parallelconnectiontothemaximumavailableamperage(8x200=1600AMP)withoutanyrisk,Iwouldreplacethebatterieswithalower
amperageforexample50AMPtoobtainatotalof400AMP(8x50)andIcanstilldoublethepowertimewithmuchlesscost,canyouadvisemeofsuchsetup,andwouldtherebeany
riskofwhatsoever?
Sorryforthelongmessage,Iwouldverymuchappreciateyourfeedbackandthankingyouinanticipationforyourhardwork.
Bestregards,
YvesLandon
38/43
2/3/2016
YvesLandonwrote:
Typocorrectio
Invertorcorrectedintoinverter
JohnFetterwrote:
YvesConnectingbatteriesinparallelisnotsimplyamatterofconnectingthesamevoltageandthesameamperehours.Theymustbeanidenticaltypeofanidenticalage.Battery
performanceisneveridentical.Theymightseemtoworkfineforawhilebutthensomewillstartfallingoutofstepwiththeirpartners.Thiswillgetprogressivelyworse.Theselfdischarge
rateandtheendofchargevoltagewillchangemoreforsomethanforothers.Youwillfindthatthechargepresentinindividualbatterieswilldriftapart.Thereisnoeasysolution.Itishighly
likelyyouwillregretusingbatteriesinparallel.Youwillendupjugglingtheirposition,tryingextrachargingonsome,spendingendlessfrustratinghoursonanavoidablemission.
Whenbatteriesareconnectedinseries,theyalsostartfallingoutofstepbutthiscanbefixedbygivingthewholestringaperiodiclightcurrentoverchargecalledanequalizingcharge.
YvesLandonwrote:
ThankyouverymuchJohnforyourpromptfeedback.IguessIhavetosticktothesimpleseriesconnection.BTW,allbatteriesareofthesametype,ageandbrand.Butwearenever
surehoweachcellwillbehavethereforebeingofthesametypeandvoltagedoesntseemtoguaranteeequaloperation.
Cheers,
Keepupthegoodwork.
MarkBerlouwrote:
Problem:Mycameratakes2AAbatteries.Iwanttotaketimelapseandmotiondetectionphotoswhilecamping.Thisrequiresmorebatterycapacitythan2AAswillprovideandIllhave
norechargeavailable.
Solution:Makeabatterypackof4parallelsetsofAAsinseries.(2AAsinseries)x4inparallelfor3voltsand10800mAh.OnesetofAAswillbeinsertedinthecamerawiredtotheother
3setsexternally.
Myplanistohikein,setupthecamera,pluginthebatterypackandletthecamerarunforanextendedperiod.AllbatterieswillbealkalineDuracells.
Question:couldIuseCorDcellsfortheexternalpack?Example:(2AAsinseries)wiredinparallelto(2Dsinseries)foratotalof3voltsand14700mAh,thenthe2AAswouldbe
insertedinthecamera.
llamudoswrote:
Hiall,
Firstlygreatsite!
Nowthenittygritty.Imbuildinganebikefromscratchasaprojectasimboredandneedsomeadviceonacoupleofthingsidontfullyunderstandyet.
Imgoingtogeta48v1000whubmotorandneedabatterythatwiilprovideenoughpowertolastawhile.Mythoughtisbuildinga13s14pcellpackusing2600ahliioncells3.7v.(13*3.7
=48.1v)(2.6a*14=36.4ah).Thiswouldtheoreticallyprovidemewitha1747.2wattbatterypack.Fromwhatihavereadanebikerunatfullthrottleshoulduse20wperkm.Sothatwould
meanicouldusethisbatteryfor87.3kmroughly.Pleaseadiviceifthisiswrong.Myquestionisabouttheamperage.Shouldipurchasea60ampcontrollerandabmsthatcanhandle
60ampsaswell?Mythoughtswastohavedoubletoleranceforsafety.Asimnotanelectricianandnewtothisiwanttogetacompletegrasponthetheory.Alsoifthebatterycellsonly
havea2cratingwillthiscauseissueswithsafetywhenattopspeedgoinguphill?
Tomwrote:
Youbefarbetteroffposingyouquestiononendlesssphere.comAhangoutforthosebuildingeBikesandbatterysystems.Thatsonehugebatterytohaularoundonabike.
Michaelwrote:
Whatwouldhappenifyouusedaserial/parallelconfiguration,butoneofthebatterieswasinstalledbackwards?
DrJackwrote:
HiMichael
Youhavedonethis,madeamessandnowyouwanttoknowwhyyoumadeamess???
Michaelwrote:
DrJack,
Nomess.Ihaventactuallydoneit.Justworriedaboutapotentialmessincasesomeonedoes.Ifyouswitchedpolaritythe11.1Vterminalanda3.7Vterminalwouldberightnextto
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eachother.Iassumethatmeansthatthe11.1Vwouldtrytochargethe3.7Vandthe3.7Vwouldgetveryhot.Doesthatmakesense?
MarkMcDonaldwrote:
Iamlookingforinformationonwhenyouparallelbatteries(IlearnedthatitincreasesmyAh.)
LiIonbatteriesforexample.IfIamlookingforacertainDischargeRate(Crate),ofletssay50Acont.and100Amax.WhenIstartputtingbatteriesinparallel,ofletssay40Acontand
80AmaxDischargeRate,doesputtingbatteriesinparallelincreasemyDischargeRate?Doesitdoubleit?
Icanseehowwhenyouparallel,thestreamsorpipesaddup,soinmymindIwouldsaytheDischargeRatewouldjustkeepaddingup,moreandmore,themoreyouparallelbatteries.
Anyhelpwouldbeappreciated.ThankYou
DrJackwrote:
Surelyyouarejustmessingaround?Nooneinhis/herrightmindasksthesekindsofquestions.
ThomasJaszewskiwrote:
Kindan00bquestionsbutwelearnbycivilanswers
DrJackwrote:
Theanswerscanbefoundatthetopofthispage.Surelyweamounttomorethanatorso,ahead,twoarmsandtwolegs?
Theinformationisoverwhelmingtosomeonenew.Atleastpointitout.BeinghelpfulisOK.SadlyImnotfarenoughalongtodirectlyaddress..thisthreadisawful.Poorlyorganizedtoo.
DrJackwrote:
Ifmyresponsehadprovidedalltherequisitetechnicalinformation,Iwouldeffectivelyhavechosenthehighroad.Ichosethelowroadinordertofindoutifsomeonemightjumpinto
beratemeorchosethehighroadandprovidetherequisitetechnicalinformation.
Michael,Donotconnectthebatteriesinthewayyoudescribed.Yoursuggestionwillcauseamassivecurrentsurgeandperhapsanexplosion.
Mark,Connectingbatteriesinseriesiseasy.Connectingtheminparallelrequiresspecialcaretomakesuretheyarepreciselymatched.
Thomaswrote:
DrJackwrote:Ichosethelowroadinordertofindoutifsomeonemightjumpintoberateme
Sadlyfellforthetroll,myapologies,itwonthappenagain.
Mark,therearealotofvariablesinyourquestion.Youdontmentionwhichbatteries,howyouarebuildingthepack,whatyourconfigurationis,voltagegoal,andmore.
Trybeingabitmoreforthcominginprovidinginformation.Icanalsodirectyoutobetterplacesforassistanceifweknoworeaboutwhatexactlyyouaretryingtodo.
Michaelwrote:
Wow,thatgotalittleoutofhand.Letmegetmorespecific.IhaveadesignwhereIhave4lithiumionbatteriesinseries/parallel.Idonthaveamechanicalfeaturethatpreventsinstalling
oneofthembackwards,soifoneisinstalledbackwardsthatwouldputtheminseries,but3wouldbepositiveandonewouldbenegative.Imjusttryingtoconfirmmyassumptionsthat
the3batteries(11.1V)wouldtrytochargetheonebattery(3.4V)andcausethe3.4Vtoheatupandeventuallycatchfire.TofixthisIputadiodeoneachserieslegoftheparallelcircuit.
Whatdoyouthinkaboutthatsolution?Wouldusing4seriesNiMHbebetter?
MarkMcDonaldwrote:
WellIfoundtheinformationIneededelsewhere.RCForums.
TheCrate(cont.&max)arethesame,theycannotbechangewithinthebattery.
HoweverthetotalAmperagecontandmaxoftheoutgoingstreamdoesincrease.
Soinmyexample40/80A,wouldbe80/160A(cont./max)
Thereisnoneedtogiveoutvoltageorconfigurationinfo,asthisisbasiccircuitknowledge.ButIameitherusingLiIonorLiFePO4,at72Vand10Ahpackages.Iwillparallelthemto
increasetherange.MyRCLipowithhighdischargeblewupandcaughtfireonJuly1Canadadayandalmostburneddownmyhouse.Highlydischargedbattery,belowspec,and
chargedtoofast.Theyexpanded,expelledgasandwithin5minutes2packsburstintofireworkscatchingtheother4batteriesonfire.RCLipoisverydangerous,very.DONOTUSE
LIPOBATTERIES.THEYHAVEBEENKNOWNTOBURNDOWNHOUSES!!!!!!
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Butyeah,Ibelieveyouneedtokeepthechemistry,VandAhthesamewhenparalleling.ButIdontthinkitstheendallbeall.Ibelievethereissomeleeway.
DrJackwrote:
Fourbatteriesinseriesparallelimpliestwoinseries,anothertwoinseries,thetwoseriesconnectedpairsthenconnectedinparallel.Reversingthepolarityofonebatteryinoneseries
connectedpairreducesthevoltagegeneratedbythatpairtozeroequivalenttoashortcircuit.Placingthisarrangementinparallelwithapairofseriesconnectedbatteriescausesa
shortcircuitcurrenttoflow.Connectingadiodeinserieswitheachseriesconnectedpairallowsadischargecurrenttoflowbutpreventsthebatteriesbeingcharged.Thisappliestoall
typesofbatteries.ImeannodisrespectbutIreallydofinditdisconcertingthatpeoplecanoperateadeviceascomplicatedasacomputer,yetcannotreasonoutasimplethinglikethis.
Sadly,DrJack,someofushavenobackgroundsevenremotelyrelatedtoelectronicsandelectricalsetuos.Imabletoidentifybacteriaunderamicroscopebutforwhateverreasonget
totallybefuddledbybatterylayouts.Ineedpicturesanddiagramstosortitout.HavinghadaseriesofTIAsandastrokemadeitnearlyimpossibletosortverbally.ButwithhelpIm
learningtobuildpacksthataresafeandwork.ButagainIusuallyneedtoasksomeonetohelpmemapoutthewiringofthebalanceleadsandBMS.IhaveasimilarexperiencewhenI
instructsomeoneinhorticulturaltechniques.ItseemssecondnaturetomebutthenIhave45yearsofexperienceandknowledgegathering.
Crateisanothertotallyconfusingconceptforme.Thankstothosewhoarepatientandunderstandthatnoteveryonehasthesameskills,Imlearning
DrJackwrote:
Thomas,yourerightaboutexperience.However,ifonecrossesintoanotherdiscipline,surelyitisthatveryexperiencethatteachesonethatpreparationisessentialandthatjumpinginto
somethingnewandcryingforhelpwhenthingsdontworkoutwouldnotbetherightwaytodoit.Itassumesentitlementandanobligationonothers.
Shawnwrote:
IjustpurchasedaSeaDooSeascooter(underwaterscooter)thathasa12v12mAhsealedleadacid(SLA)battery.Iwasthinkingofconstructingmyownbatterytogetslightlyhigher
speed(voltage)anddistance(mAh).Irealizethatmotorisdesignedfora12voltbattery,butslightlyhighervoltage(around14volts)wouldprobablybeacceptabel.
ExampleofwhatIwasthinking:4xLithiumIonAA3.6voltbatteriesinseries=14.8voltsandthen5parallelgroupingstoequala14.8voltand15Ahbatteryback.Thiswouldgivemea
slightlyfasterscooterandlongerrange.Wouldsomethinglikethiswork?
MarkMcdonaldwrote:
ForgetLeadAcidbattery.UseLithiumIon,gotoHobbyKing.comandbuysome,theyhavewarehousesallovertheUSA.Youcouldprobablyveryeasilyfit30Ahinthere.Theonlyreason
youwouldgohighervoltageistoincreasespeed.Howeverthoseunderwaterunitsareprobablyelectronicallyconfigured,sotryit,bewarneditmightblowupinyourface.Idgo12V35Ah
LithiumIon(~3Sor4S),orLiFePO4,ora123cells.Remembertoalsobuyachargerforit.MostchargersneedaDCpowersupply.
JohnFetterwrote:
ShawnYourfocusisonbatteriesbutyourideawillcreateproblemswiththemotor.Thetorquedevelopedbyapropellerthatisrunningatoptimumspeedinwaterwillrisewiththesquare
ofthespeed.Motorspeedisproportionaltomotorvoltage.Motortorqueisproportionalisproportionaltomotorcurrent.Themotorcanundoubtedlyhandletheextraspeedbutitishighly
unlikelyitcanhandletheextracurrent.Itwillmostlikelyoverheat.
Chriscwrote:
Iamlookingforadefinitiveanswerpleaseonserialandparallelbatteryconnection.
Isitpossibletoseriesandparallel16x100AHAGMbatteriesachieving48Vand1600AH76.8kWhrsofstorage??
Somesayyessomesayno.HelpPlease.
Capt.WarisShaheen.wrote:
DearChrisc,
YouhavenotmentionedthevoltageofAGM100Ahbattery,ifIassumeittobea12VDC100AhAGMbattery,thenitisnotpossibletoget48VDC1600Ahbecausewecanonlyget4
parallelstringsof4x100Ahbatteriesconnectedinseriesthusgivingus48VDC400Ahonly.
IfIassumethevoltageofAGM100Ahbatterytobe48VDC,thenitispossibletoget48VDC1600Ah76.8KWhbyconnectingall16x100Ahbatteriesinparallel.
Energyoutput=48x1600=76.8KWh
Rubywrote:
Whatsthedifferencebetweenvoltageandcurrent?
41/43
2/3/2016
jjwrote:
isitpossibletochargeaNiMHandNiCDthatisconnetedinseries??
Michaelwrote:
Hi,
Imworkingonaproject.Ihave4lithionrechargedbatteries3.7veachwith5000mAh..ifIconcettheminseriesiwillget14.8Vat5AmphowdoIlowerittoonly1.4Amp?
Thanks
Capt.WarisShaheenwrote:
DearJJ,
Yesyoucanchargeboththebatterieswhenconnectedinseriesif:
1Bothareofsamevoltageandampscapacity.
2Chargingsourcevoltageshouldbesumofthevoltagesofthetwobatteries.
Regards
Capt.WarisShaheenwrote:
DearMichael,
Thisnotpossible/advisablebecauseindividualbatteryis5Ah.
Regards
Jimwrote:
Nicesite!Ivereadelsewherethatexceeding3parallelsinbatterybankshasgreaterriskoffireorexplosion.Imtryingtoget4banksof86Vbatteries(so,eachbankis48V)charged,
thenfedtoaninverter.ImprettysurewithvirtuallyanyMPPTchargerscurrentlyonthemarket,Iwillneedtwochargers,eachchargingtwoofthesebanks.Myquestionthenis,canI
safelyinputthefour48Vbankstoasingleinverter(8kw)whichtakes48Vinput,byputtingall4banksinparallel,tothisoneinverter?Themathworksout,butthisrequirestying4banks
inparallel,evenifrightattheinverterinputbus,ThereasonIdratheravoidusingtwoormoreinvertersisthecost(especiallyasIneed240V,sotheymustbematched/bonded),ortobe
safe,mustIjustacceptthenecessityofusingtwoinverterssoasnottoexceedtwobatterybanksfeedingeachinverter?
Jeffwrote:
Myportablehasrechargeableaa1.2v2300mahbatteries.
CanIreplacethemwitha2400mahorgreaterforlongerlife?
dhananjaywrote:
yesucanreplaceitJeffbutbesurethevoltageshouldbe1.2vonly.
JohnFetterwrote:
JimItisabadideatoparalleldeepcyclingbatteries.Theyareunlikelytohaveidenticalcharacteristicstobeginwithandwillgetoutofstepwitheachotherwithinafewmonths.Somewill
endupovercharged,somewillendupundercharged.Batterylifewillbereduced.Thislineofbusinesshasbecomehighlycompetitive.Thetechnicallychallengedamongthecompetitors
willwillsayitisOKtoparallel.Ithasnothingtodowithfire,explosion.Thereareinvertersonthemarketthatyoucansafelyparallel.
Connorwrote:
IunderstandthebasicsofthisbutIhadaquestionaboutaprojectIwanttodo.IfIhaveabankofbatterieswith12vand80AhandIconnectitinparalleltoanotherbankwith48Vand
20AhwouldIgetonebankwith48Vand100Ah.
Thanks,Connor
JohnFetterwrote:
ConnorItisaverybadideatoparallelbatteriesthatobviouslyhavedifferentamperehoursandthereforehavedifferentcharacteristics.Itisnotaboutnumbersbutaboutbattery
42/43
2/3/2016
characteristics.Thebatteriesarelikelytoreactdifferentlytoaloadandtochargingandarelikelytogetoutofstep.
Lukewrote:
Needalittlehelp.Ihave63.7vbatterieshookedupinparallelseriestomake11.1vsoit3inseriesconnectedparallel.Positivewiretonegative.HowdoIsetthecharger?Heremy
optionsFor7.2/7.4V2cellpack,setswitchbutton8.4positiononthechargerFor10.8/11.1V3cellpack,setswitchbutton12.6positiononthechargerFor14.4/14.8V4cellpack,set
switchbutton16.8positiononthecharger*hereismychargerhttp://www.amazon.com/TLP2000TenergyUniversalCharger37V148V/dp/B001BEXDRQ
chawkikulmiewrote:
whatarethedisadvantagesofcennectingbatteriesinseries/parallel
muhammadwrote:
whichelectriccircuitelementcaninducemagneticfluxandwhy
sanaullahshuaibwrote:
Two2100mahbatterieswouldproduce4200mahforlongtimevoltagetransmission
navinlessingwrote:
whatisthechargingvoltageandcurrentfora12v7.2AhLiIonbattery
Richardwrote:
Ifonelithiumbatteryat12volthas100amprecommendedchargerate,does2ofthesameinparallelchargedtogetherhave200ampchargerate?
T.N.Sheshadriwrote:
Ihavedone3KWsolarpowergeneratorforhome.Batterygettingchargedby2.303.00pmeveryday.Ihaveused48vsystemwith12V200Ah4batteriesinseriescombination.In
night,IwanttochargemyREVAElectricCarandbatteryisgoingtoLowcutoffvalue(10.8V/battery)andpowerisswitchingoffinnight.Iplantoincreasecapacityfrom48V200Ahto
48V300AhinSeriesandParallelcombinationandimprovethepowerdischargeREVAcarconsumes34KWhunitsofelectricityeveryday.
Pleasesuggestanyalternativeformyrequirement.Howmuchbatterytobedischargedeverydayforlonglifeofbattery?CanIuse7.5KilowattTeslabattery?Pleasesuggestremedy.
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