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THE ROYAL BATTLEDORE,

Or, First Lessons for Children.

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^
Supt^

Or PUBLIC

C )il'K:

IH8T

Court

THE

^^

ORBIS PICTUS
OF

John Amos Comenius.

This work

is,

indeed, the

Encyclopaedia Britannica,

first

SYRACUSE,
C.

children's picture book.

o/th Edition, vi. 182.

N. Y.:

W. BARDEEN, PUBLISHER,
1887.

Copyright,

1887, by C.

W. Bardeen.

It

ing

is

known

that Comenius was once

Harvard College. The followa quotation from Vol. II, p. 14, of Cotton Mather's

may

solicited to

not be generally

become President

of

Magnalia:
of

"That brave old man, Johannes Amos Commenius, the fame

whose worth has been trumpetted as far as more than three

languages ^whereof everyone is indebted unto his Janua^ could

carry it, was indeed agreed withal, by one Mr. Winthrop in his
travels through the low countries, to come over to New England, and illuminate their Colledge and country, in the quality of
a President, which was now become vacant.
But the solicitations of the Swedish Ambassador diverting him another way,
that incomparable Moravian became not an American."
This was on the resignation of President Dunster, in 1654

Note of Prof. Payne, Compayre's History of Education,

Boston,

1886, p. 125.

v
3

AIL

Editor's Preface.
When it is remembered that this work is not only
an educational classic of prime importance, but that
it was the first picture-book ever made for children
and was for a century the most popular text-book in
Europe, and yet has been for many years unattainable on account of its rarity, the wonder is, not that
reproduced now but that it has not been reproduced before. But the difficulty has been to find a

it is

Many as have been the editions,

few copies have been preserved. It was a book children were fond of and wore out in turning the leaves
over and over to see the pictures. Then as the old
satisfactory copy.

copper-plates became indistinct they were replaced

by wood-engravings, of coarse execution, and often
of changed treatment. Von Raumer complains that

theeditionot 1755 substitutes for the original cut of the

Soul, fNo. 43, as here given J a picture of an eye, and in
a table the figures I. I. II. I. I. II., and adds that it is
difficult to recognize in this an expressive psychologIn an edition I have,
ical symbol, and to explain it.
in
in
Vienna
this
cut is omitted alto1779,
published
82 in place of the
and
are
but
indeed
there
gether,
157 found in earlier editions, the following, as
bered in this edition, being omitted

num-

1,

the alphabet,

2,

36, 43, 45, 66, 68, 75, 76, 78-80, 87,

SB, 92-122, 124, 126, 128, 130-141.

(iii)

THE ORBIS PICTUS.

IV

On the other hand, the Vienna edition contains a

curious additional cut. It gives No. 4, the Heaven,
practically as in this edition, but puts another cut
under it in which the earth is revolving about the
sun and after the statement of Comenius, "Coe/um ro"
tatur, et ambit terram, in medio stantem
interpolates
;

"

prout

veteres

motum terrae

crediderunt;
"

e?iim

recentiores

defendunt

used to think;
for later authorities hold that the motion of the earth
is about the sun.]

Two

circa solem

[as the ancients

specimen pages from another edition are

in-

serted in Payne's Compayre's History of Education

The cut is the representa( between pp. 126, 127^.

No. 103 in this edition, but those who comthem

will see not only how much coarser is the
pare
execution of the wood-cut Prof. Payne has copied,
but what liberties have been taken with with the deThe only change in the Latin text, however,
sign.
is from Designat Figuras rerum in the original, to
tive of

JFiguram rerum designat.

In this edition the cuts are unusually clear copies
of the copper-plates of the first edition of 1658, from

which we have also taken the Latin

text.

The

text

for the English translation is from the English edition of 1727, in which for the first time the English

words were

so arranged as to stand opposite their

Latin equivalents.
The cuts have been reproduced with great care by
I thought best not to perthe photographic process.

mit them to be retouched, preferring occasional indistinctness to modern tampering with the originals
that

would make them

less authentic.

EDITOR

The English

text

is

PREFACE.

unchanged from

that of the

1727 edition, except in rare instances where substitutions have been made for single words not now permissible. The typography suggests rather than imitates the quaintness of the original, and the paper
to produce so far as practica-

was carefully selected

ble the impression of the old hand-presses.

In short my aim has been to put within the reach

of teachers at a moderate price a satisfactory reproduction of this important book; and if the sale of the
Orbis Pictus seems to warrant

it, I hope subsequently

volume
the Vestibulum and
companion
I have choice
of
the
same
of
which
author,
Janua
C.
W.
Bardeen.
copies.

to print as a

Syracuse, Sept. 28, 1887.

Comments upon the Orbis Pictus.

During four years he here prosecuted his efforts in
behalf of education with commendable success, and
wrote,
tus,

among

other works, his celebrated Orbis Pic-

which has passed through a great many

and survived a multitude

History of Education, N.

of imitations.

editions,,

Smith's

Y., 1842, p. 129.

The most eminent educator of the seventeenth cenHis

tury, however, was John Amos Comenius
Orbis Sensualium Pictus, published in 1657, enjoyed
still higher renown.
The text was much the same
with the Janua, being intended as a kind of elementary encyclopaedia but it differed from all previous textbooks, in being illustrated with pictures, on copper
and wood, of the various topics discussed in it. This

book was universally popular. In those portions of

Germany where the schools had been broken up by
the " Thirty years' war," mothers taught their chil-

dren from

its

pages.

Corrected and amended by

later editors, it continued for nearly two hundred

years, to be a text-book of the German schools.

History and Progress of Education, by Philobiblius,

N.

Y., 186c, p. 210.

The "Janua" would,

therefore, have had but a

short-lived popularity with teachers, and a still shorter
with learners, if Comenius had not carried out his
(vi)

COMMENTS UPON THE ORBIS

PICTUS.

Vll

principle of appealing to the senses, and called in the

artist.
The result was the " Orbis Pictus," a book
which proved a favorite with young and old, and

maintained its ground in many a school for more

than a century .... I am sorry I cannot give a specimen of this celebrated book with its quaint pictures.

The
skill

artist,

which

of course, was wanting in the technical

is now commonly displayed even in the

cheapest publications, but this renders his delinenone the less entertaining. As a picture of
the life and manners of the seventeeth century, the
work has great historical interest, which will, I hope,
secure for it another English edition. Quick's Edu-

ations

cational Reformers, 1868; Syracuse edition, p. 79.

But the principle on which he most insisted is
that the teaching of words and things must go toWhen we consider how much
gether, hand in hand.
time is spent over new languages, what waste of
energy is lavished on mere preparation, how it takes
so long to lay a foundation that there is no time to
lay a building upon it, we must conclude that it is in
the acceptance and development of this principle

improvement of education

will in the future

attempts to inculcate this
great reform will find that its first principles are contained in the writings of Comenius. Encyclopaethat the
consist.

Any one who

dia Britannica, 9th edition,

The

first

lished at

vii.

674.

book was pubsoon after a transla-

edition of this celebrated

Nuremberg

in

1657;

was made into English by Charles Hoole. The

last English edition appeared in 1777, and this was
reprinted in America in 1812. This was the first il-

tion

THE ORBIS PICTUS.

Vlll

lustrated school-book, and was the first attempt at

what now passes under the name of "object lessons.'
Short History of Education, W. H. Payne, Syracuse, 1881, p. 103.

Of these,

"Janua

"

and the "Orbis" were transmost European and some of the Oriental
languages. It is evident that these practices of Comenius contain the germs of things afterwards connected with the names of Pestalozzi and Stow. It
also may be safely assumed that many methods that
are now in practical use, were then not unknown to
Gill's Systems of Education,
earliest teachers.
London, 1876, p. 13.
The more we reflect on the method of Comenius,
the more we shall see it is replete with suggestiveness, and we shall feel surprised that so much wisthe

lated into

dom

can have lain in the path of schoolmasters for

fifty years, and that they have never
stooped to avail themselves of its treasures. Browning's Introduction to the History of Educational

two hundred and

Theories, 1882,

The

New York

edition, p. 67.

"

Orbis Pictus," the first practical application

of the intuitive method, had an extraordinary success, and has served as a model for the innumerable
illustrated books which for three centuries have invaded the schools. Compayre's History of Pedagogy, Payne's translation, Boston, 1886, p. 127.
He remained at Patak four years, which were characterized by surprising literary activity.
During
this short period he produced no less than fifteen
different works, among them his "World Illustrated"

(Orbis Pictus), the most famous ot

all his

writings.

COMMENTS UPON THE ORBIS

PICTUS.

IX

admirably applied the principle that words and

things should be learned together. .. .The "World
" had an enormous
Illustrated
circulation, and remained for a long time the most popular text-book
in Europe.
Painter's History of Education, N.Y.,
It

1886, p. 206.

ce livre n'est qu'un equivalent le la verisi, ensuite, le contenu du tout parait

fort defectueux, au point de vue de la science de nos

Or,

si

table intuition;

si, enfin, un effort exagere pour 1' integrite

conception de 1' enfant a cree, pour les choses
modernes, trop de denominations latines qui paraissent douteuses, 1' Orbis pictus etait pourtant, pour son
temps, une oeuvre tres originale et tres spirituelle,

jours;

de

la

un grand progres a
longtemps de livre d' ecole
faire

la

pedagogie et serde modele

d' innomorables livres d' images, souvent pires.
ii
Historie d' education, Frederick Dittes, Redolfi's
French translation, Paris, 1880, p. 178.

qui
vit

fit

utile et

Here Comenius wrote, among others, his second

celebrated work the " Orbis Pictus." He was not,
however, able to finish it in Hungary for want of a
skilful

ried

it

engraver on copper. For such a one he carto Michael Endter, the bookseller at Nurem-

berg, but the engraving delayed the publication of

In 1657 Comenius
the book for three years more.
expressed the hope that it would appear during the

With what great approbation the

work was received at its first appearance, is shown by
the fact that within two years, in 1659, Endter had
next autumn.

published a second enlarged edition.

Karl Von

THE ORBIS PICTUS.

Raumer,

translated in Barnard's Journal of Educa-

tion, v. 260.
The "

Janua" had an enormous

sale,

and was pub-

languages, but the editions and sale

of the "Orbis Pictus" far exceeded those of the
"
Janua," and, indeed, for some time it was the most
popular text-book in Europe, and deservedly so.
lished in

many

Laurie's John Amos Comenius, Boston edition, p.

185.

Joh. Amos Comenii

Orbis Sensualium Pictus
HOC EST
principalium in Mundo
Rerum, & in Vita Actionum,

Omnium

PlCTURA & NOMENCLATURA

Joh. Amos Comenius's

VISIBLE

WORLD:

OR, A

Nomenclature, and Pictures

OF ALL THE
Chief Things
of

In
By

therein

Copper Cuts.
150
WRITTEN

above
the

World, and

that are in the

Mens Employments

Author

in

Latin and High Dutch, being

one of his last Essays and the most suitable to Childrens Capacity of any he hath hitherto made.
;

Translated

into English

Hoole, M. A.
By Charles
For the Use of
Latin Scholars.
Young

The Eleventh Edition

answer Word

Corrected, and the English

for

Word

made

to

to the Latin.

Nihil est in intellectu, quod ?ion prius fuit in sensu. Arist.

for, and sold by John and Benj.
Sprint, at the Bell in Little Britain, 1728.

London; Printed

Gen.

19, 20.

ii.

The Lord God brought unto Adam every Beast of

the Field, and every Fowl of the Air, to see what he
would call them. And Adam gave Names to all Catot
tle, and to the Fowl of the Air, and to every Beast
the Field.

Gen.

19, 20.

ii.

Adduxit Dominus Deus ad Adam cuncta Ani??iantia TerCceli, ut videret quomodo vocaret
ilia. Appellavitque Adam Nominilus suis cuncta Animanra, &* universa volatilia
tia,

I.

universa volatilia

Cceli,

omnes Bestias Agri.

A. Comenii opera Didactica par.

1.

Amst.

p. 6,

1657. fol.

Didacticae nostrae prora & puppis esto

Investigare,
invenire modum, quo Docentes minus doceant, Discentes vero plus discant Scholae minus habeant Streplus autem otii, deliciapitus, nauseae, vani laboris
rum, solidique profectus
Respublica Christiana
minus tenebrarum confusionis dissidiorum
plus
:

&

lucis, ordinis, pacis

&

tranquilitatis.

The Author's

Preface to the

Reader.
is the means to expel Rudeness, with which
wits
ought to be well furnished in Schools:
young
But so, as that the teaching be 1. True, 2. Full, 3.

Instruction

Clear,
1.

is

and

It

4. Solid.

will be true, if nothing be taught but such as

lest there be a cause of

beneficial to ones life

complaining afterwards. We know not necessarythings, because we have not learned things necessary.

will be full, if the mind be polished for wisfor eloquence, and the hands for a
neat way of living. This will be that grace of one's
2.

It

dom, the tongue

life, to be

wise, to act, to speak.

be clear, and by that, firm and solid, if

taught and learned, be not obscure, or
confused, but apparent, distinct, and articulate, as
the fingers on the hands.
3. 4.

It will

whatever

is

The ground

of this business,

may be rightly presented

they may not be received. I

jects

is,

that sensual ob-

to the senses, for fear

say, and say it again

aloud, that this last is the foundation of all the rest
because we can neither act nor speak wisely, unless
we first rightly understand all the things which are
:

(xiii)

THE ORBIS PICTUS.

XIV

and whereof we are to speak. Now there

nothing in the understanding, which was not be-

to be done,
is

in the sense.
And therefore to exercise the
senses well about the right perceiving the differences
of things, will be to lay the grounds for all wisdom,

fore

and

all wise discourse, and all discreet actions in

ones course of life. Which, because it is commonly
neglected in schools, and the things which are to be
learned are offered to scholars, without being understood or being rightly presented to the senses, it

to pass, that the work of teaching and learning goeth heavily onward, and affordeth little benefit.
See here then a new help for schools, A Picture

cometh

and Nomenclature of all the chief things in the

world, and of men's actions in their way of living
Which, that you, good Masters, may not be loath to
run over with your scholars, I will tell you, in short,
what good you may expect from it.
:

It is a Utile Book, as you see, of no great bulk, yet

a brief of the whole world, and a whole language:
full of Pictures, Nomenclatures, and Descriptions of

things.
i.

The Pictures are the representation of

all visible

things, (\.o which also things invisible are reduced

And that in
after their fashion,) of the whole world.
that very order of things, in which they are described
in the Jamici Latintz Linguce; and with that fulness,
that nothing very necessary or of great
is

concernment

omitted.

II.
The Nofnenclatures are the Inscriptions, or
Titles set every one over their own Pictures, expressing the whole thing by its own general term.

AUTHOR

XV

PREFACE.

III. The Descriptions are the explications of the

parts of the Picture, so expressed by their own proper
terms, as that same figure which is added to every
piece of the picture, and the term of it, always shew-

eth what things belongeth one to another.

Which such Book, and

in

such a dress may (I hope,)

serve,
I. To entice witty children to it, that they may
not conceit a torment to be in the school, but dainty
For it is apparent, that children (even from
fare.

their infancy almost^ are delighted with Pictures,

and willingly please their eyes with these lights
:

And

will be very well worth the pains to have once

brought it to pass, that scare-crows may be taken
it

away out of Wisdom's Gardens.

II. This same little Book will serve to stir up the
Attention, which is to be fastened upon things, and
even to be sharpened more and more: which is also
a great matter.
For the Senses (being the main
guides of childhood, because therein the mind doth
not as yet raise up itself to an abstracted contemplation of things,) evermore seek their own objects, and
if they be away, they grow dull, and wry themselves
hither and thither out of a weariness of themselves
:

but

wax

when

their objects are present, they grow merry,

lively, and willingly suffer themselves to be fas-

tened upon them, till the thing be sufficiently discerned. This Book then will do a good piece of
service in taking ("especially flickering/ wits,
preparing them for deeper studies.
III.

and

Whence a third good will follow that chilwon hereunto, and drawn over with this

dren being

THE ORBIS PICTUS.

XVI

may be furnished with the knowlof

the
edge
prime things that are in the world, by
way

of heeding,

sport and merry pastime. In a word, this Book will

serve for the more pleasing using of the Vestibulum

and Janua Zinguarum, for which end it was even at

the first chiefly intended. Yet if it like any, that it
be bound up in their native tongues also, it promgood thing of itself.
I. First it will afford a device for learning to read
more easily than hitherto, especially having a symiseth three

bolical alphabet set before it, to wit, the characters

of the several letters, with the image of that creature,

whose voice
tur'd

by

it.

that letter goeth about to imitate, picFor the young Abe scholar will easily

remember the force of every character by the very

looking upon the creature, till the imagination being
strengthened by use, can readily afford all things;
and then having looked over a table of the chief syllables also fwhich yet was not thought necessary to be
added to this book he may proceed to the viewing
of the Pictures, and the inscriptions set over 'em.
J

Where again the very looking upon the thing pictured suggesting the name of the thing, will tell him
how the title of the picture is to be read. And
thus the whole book being gone over by the bare
titles of the pictures, reading cannot but be learned
;

and indeed

which thing

to be noted,

without
tedious
that
mosttroublespelling,
usingany ordinary
some torture of wits, which may wholly be avoided
by this method. For the often reading over the
too,

is

Book, by those larger descriptions of things, and

which are set after the Pictures, will be able perfectly to beget a habit of reading.

AUTHOR
II.

PREFACE.

The same book being used

XV11

in English, in

Eng-

lish Schools, will serve for the perfect learning of the

whole English tongue, and that from the bottom; because by the aforesaid descriptions of things, the
words and phrases of the whole language are found
set orderly in their own places.
And a short English Grammar might be added at the end, clearly
resolving the speech already understood into its
parts; shewing the declining of the several words,
and reducing those that are joined together under

certain rules.
III.

Thence a new

English Translation

benefit cometh, that that very

serve for the more ready

may

and pleasant learning of the Latin tongue as one

may see in this Edition, the whole book being so
translated, that every where one word answereth to
the word over against it, and the book is in all things
the same, only in two idioms, as a man clad in a
double garment.
And there might be also some
observations and advertisements added in the end,
touching those things only, wherein the use of
the Latin tongue differeth from the English. For
where there is no difference, there needeth no adver:

tisement to be given.

But, because the

first tasks

of

and single, we have filled this

first book of training one up to see a thing of himself, with nothing but rudiments, that is, with the
chief of things and words, or with the grounds of the
whole world, and the whole language, and of all our
understanding about things. If a more perfect description of things, and a fuller knowledge of a language, and a clearer light of the understanding be
learners ought to be

little

THE ORBIS PICTUS.

XV111

sought after fas they ought to be) they are to be

found somewhere whither there will now be an easy
passage by this our little Encyclopedia of things subject to the senses.
Something remaineth to be said
the
use of this book.
more
chearful
touching
I.

Let

it

be given to children into their hands to

delight themselves withal as they please, with the

sight of the pictures, and making them as familiar to
themselves as may be, and that even at home before

they be put to school.

II. Then let them be examined ever and anon (especially now in the school,) what this thing or that
is, and is called, so that they may see nothing
which they know not how to name, and that they
can name nothing which they cannot shew.

thing

III. And let the things named them be shewed, not

only in the Picture, but also in themselves; for example, the parts of the body, clothes, books, the house,
utensils, &c.

IV. Let them be suffered also to imitate the Pictures by hand, if they will, nay rather, let them be
encouraged, that they may be willing first, thus to
:

quicken the attention also towards the things and

to observe the proportion of the parts one towards
another; and lastly to practise the nimbleness of the
hand, which is good for many things.
;

V. If anything here mentioned, cannot be presented to the eye, it will be to no purpose at all to
offer them by themselves to the scholars; as colours,
relishes, <5rv M which cannot here be pictured out with

For which reason it were to be wished, that

things rare and not easy to be met withal at home,

ink.

AUTHOR'S PREFACE.

XIX

might be kept ready in every great school, that they

may be shewed also, as often as any words are to be

made of them, to the scholars.

Thus at last this school would indeed become

a
school of things obvious to the senses, and an entrance to the school intellectual. But enough Let
t

us

come

to the thing

it self.

The Translator, to

all

judicious

AND INDUSTRIOUS ScHOOL-MaSTERS.

Gentlemen.
are a few of you (I think,) but have seen,
and with great willingness made use of (or at
least perused J many of the Books of this ol this
well-deserving Author Mr. John Comenius, which for

There

their profitableness to the speedy attainment of a language, have been translated in several countries, out
of Latin into their own native tongue.
Now the general verdict Rafter trial made,) that hath

passed, touching those formerly extant, is this, that

they are indeed of singular use, and very advantageous to those of more discretion, (^especially to such
as already have a smattering of Latin,) to help their

memories to retain what they have scatteringly gotten here and there, to furnish them with many words,
which ^perhaps,) they had not formerly read, or so
well observed;

young children fwhom we

but to

have chiefly to instruct,) as those that are ignorant

altogether of things and words, and prove rather a
meer toil and burthen, than a delight and furtherance.

For

to

pack up many words

not conceived in the mind,

empty imaginations, and

to

(XX)

memory, of things

in
is

to

make

fill

the head with

the learner

more

TRANSLATOR
to admire the multitude

XXI

PREFACE.

and variety fand thereby,

to

become discouraged, ) than to care to treasure them

up, in hopes to gain more knowledge of what they
mean.

He

hath therefore in some of his latter works

seemed

to

move

retrograde, and striven

to

come

nearer the reach of tender wits and in this present

Book, he hath, according to my judgment, descended
to the very bottom of what is to be taught, and proceeded fas nature it self doth,) in an orderly way
first to exercise the senses well, by representing
their objects to them, and then to fasten upon
the intellect by impressing the first notions of
:

things upon it, and linking them on to another

by a rational discourse. Whereas indeed, we, generally missing this way, do teach children as we do
parrots, to speak they know not what, nay which is

worse, we, taking the way of teaching little ones by

Grammar only at the first, do puzzle their imaginations with abstractive terms and secondary intentions,
which till they be somewhat acquainted with things,

and the words belonging to them, in the language

which they learn, they cannot apprehend what they
mean. And this I guess to be the reason, why many
great persons do resolve sometimes not to put a
child to school till he be at least eleven or twelve
years of age, presuming that he having then taken
notice of most things, will sooner get the knowledge
words which are applyed to them in any lan-

of the

guage.
for the

But the gross misdemeanor of such children

most part, have taught many parents to be hasty

enough

may

to send their

own

not that they

might be kept out

to school,

learn, yet fat least,) that they

if

THE ORBIS PICTUS.

XX11

of harm's way; and yet if they do not profit for the

time they have been at school, fno respect at all being had for their years,) the Master shall be sure
enough to bear the blame.

So

that a School-master

had need

to

bend

his wits

come within

the compass of a child's capacity of

six or seven years of age ^seeing we have now such

to

commonly brought

to our

the Latin Tongue,) and to

Grammar-schools to learn

make

that they

may

learn

much

delight and willingness, as himself

would teach with dexterity and ease. And at present I know no better help to forward his young
scholars than this little Book, which was for this
purpose contrived by the Author in the German and

with as

Latin Tongues.

What

profitable use may be had thereof, respecting

that
his own country and language, he himchiefly
self hath told you in his preface; but what use we

may

here

is

now

it

clare

of

it

in

our Grammar-schools, as

translated into English, I shall partly deleaving all other men, according to my wont,

to their
it,

make

own

discretion and liberty, to use or refuse

So soon then as a child can read

as they please.

English perfectly, and is brought to us to school to

I would have him together with his Accidence, to be provided of this Book, in which he may
at least once a day ( beside his Accidence,) be thus
learn Latin,

exercised.
I.

Let him look over the pictures with their genand inscriptions, till he be able to turn

eral titles

readily to any one of them, and to tell its name

either in English or Latin.
By this means he shall

TRANSLATOR

PREFACE.

XX111

have the method of the Book in his head and be

easily furnished with the knowledge of most things;
and instructed how to call them, when at any time
he meeteth with them elsewhere, in their real forms.
;

II. Let him read the description at large: First in

English, and afterward in Latin, till he can readily
read, and distinctly pronounce the words in both

Languages, ever minding how they are spelled. And

withal, let him take notice of the figures inserted, and
to what part of the picture they direct by their like
he be well able to find out every particular thing
of himself, and to name it on a sudden, either in English or Latin.
Thus he shall not only gain the most

till

primitive words, but be understandingly grounded

in Orthography, which is a thing too generally neglected by us; partly because our English schools
think that children should learn it at the Latin, and
our Latin schools suppose they have already learn'd
it at the English; partly, because our common Grammar is too much defective in this part, and scholars so
little exercised therein, that they pass from schools to
the Universities and return from thence fsome of
them,) more unable to write true English, than either
Latin or Greek. Not to speak of our ordinary Trades-

men, many of whom write such false English,that none

but themselves can interpret what they scribble in
their bills and shop-books.
III.

Then

let

him get the

Titles

and Descriptions

by heart, which he will more easily do, by reason of

these impressions which the viewing of the pictures
hath already
also learn,

1.

made in his memory.

To construe, or give

And now

let

him

the words one by

THE ORBIS PICTUS.

XXIV

one, as they answer one another in Latin and English.

2. To Parse, according to the rules, ( which I
presume by this time,) he hath learn'd in the first

part of his Accidence; where I would have him tell

what part of Speech any word is, and then what ac-

cidents belong to

it;

but especially to decline the

nouns and conjugate the verbs according to the Examples in his Rudiments; and this doing will enable
him to know the end and use of his Accidence. As
for the Rules of Genders of Nouns, and the Praeterperfect-tenses and Supines of Verbs, and those of
Concordance and Construction in the latter part of
the Accidence, I would not have a child much
troubled with them, till by the help of this Book he
can perfectly practise so much of Etymology, as concerns the first part of his Accidence only. For that,

book together, being thoroughly learn'd by

going them over, will much prepare
children to go chearfully forward in their Grammar
and School-Authors, especially, if whilst they are
and

this

at least thrice

employed herein, they be taught also to write a fair

and legible hand.
There is one thing to be given notice of, which I
wish could have been remedied in this Translation
;

Book being

writ in high-Dutch doth express

many things in reference to that Country and Speech,
which cannot without alteration of some Pictures as
that the

well as words be expressed in ours

for the

Symbol-

German

children rather
than for ours. And whereas the words of that Language go orderly one for one with the Latin, our
ical

Alphabet

is

fitted for

English propriety of Speech will not admit the like.

Therefore it will behove those Masters that intend

TRANSLATOR

make use
young

to

their
it

of this Book, to construe

Scholars,

who

XXV

PREFACE.
it

verbatim to

will quickly learn to do

of themselves, after they be once acquainted with

first words of Nouns, and Verbs, and their man-

the

ner of variation.

Such

work

much

as this,

observe to have been form-

some experienced Teachers,

and I my self had some years since ^whilst my own
Child lived,) begun the like, having found it most
agreeable to the best witted Children, who are most
erly

desired by

taken up with Pictures from their Infancy, because

by them the knowledge of things which they seem to
represent fand whereof Children are as yet ignorant,) are most easily conveyed to the Understanding.
But for as much as the work is now done, though in
some things not so completely as it were to be wished,
I rejoyce in the use of it, and desist in my own undertakings for the present.
the better, being the
herein imitated a Child

is

And because any good thing

more communicated; I have
who

forward to impart to
You then that
have the care of little Children, do not much trouble
their thoughts and clog their memories with bare
Grammar Rudiments, which to them are harsh in
getting, and fluid in retaining; because indeed to
them they signifie nothing, but a mere swimming
is

others what himself has well liked.

notion of a general term, which they know not what

meaneth, till they comprehend particulars, but by
this or the like subsidiary, inform them, first with
it

some knowledge of things and words wherewith to

express them, and then their Rules of speaking will
be better understood and more firmly kept in mind.
Else how should a Child conceive what a Rule mean-

XXVI

THE ORBIS PICTUS.

when he

eth,

knoweth what the Latin word immanner of thing it is which is sig-

neither

porteth, nor what

him in his own native Language, which is

him
For
given
thereby to understand the Rule?
nified to

Rules consisting of generalities, are delivered fas I

may say,) at a third hand, presuming first the things,
and then the words to be already apprehended touching which they are made. I might indeed enlarge
upon this Subject, it being the very Basis of our Profession, to

hold by
so

search into the way of Childrens taking

and little of what we teach them, that

little

we may apply

ourselves to their reach

leave the observation thereof to your

own

But

daily exer-

and experience got thereby.

I pray God, the fountain and
giver of all wisthat
hath
us
this
bestowed
dom,
gift of Teachupon
us
his
so
to
and
direct
Grace, that
by
ing,
inspire
we may train up Children in his Fear and in the
knowledge of his Son Jesus Christ our Lord and
then no doubt our teaching and their learning of other

cise,

And

things subordinate to these, will by the assistance of

make them able and willing to do

his blessed Spirit

him

faithful Service

both in Church and

Common-

wealth, as long as they live here, that so they may be

eternally blessed with him hereafter. This, I beseech
you, beg for me and mine, as I shall daily do for

you and yours, at the throne of God's heavenly grace ;

and remain while I live
Ready to serve you, as I truly love and honour you r
and labour willingly in the same Profession with

CHARLES HOOLE.

you,

From my

School, in

Lothbury, London,

Jan.

25, 1658.

TRANSLATORS PREFACE.

XXV11

N. B. Those Heads or Descriptions which concern

things beyond the present apprehension of Children's
wits, as, those of Geography, Astronomy, or the like,
I

would have omitted,

Child be

better able to

till

the rest be learned, and a

understand them.

The Judgment of Mr. Hezekiah Woodward, somean eminent Schoolmaster in LONDON, touching
a work of this Nature
in his Gate to Science, chap. 2.
times

pertain ly
If

the use

of Images or ^Representations

we could make our words

is

great

as legible to Children

as Pictures are, their information therefrom would

be quickned and surer. But so we cannot do, though

we must do what we

can.

wherein are the Pictures of

And
all

if

we had Books,

Creatures, Herbs,
stand us in great

Beasts, Fish, Fowls, they would

For Pictures are the most intelligible Books
that Children can look upon. They come closest to
stead.

Nature, nay, saith Scaliger, Art exceeds her.

An

Advertisement Concerning this

Edition.
some considerable Alterations in the
Book from the former,
may be expected an Account should be given

there are

AS

present Edition of this

it

of the Reasons for them.

'Tis certain from the

Author's Words, that when it was first published,
which was in Latin and Hungary, or in Latin and
High-Dutch; every where one word answer'd to anThis might have been observ'd
other over-against it
in our English Translation, which wou'd have fully
answer'd the design of COMENIUS, and have made
the Book much more useful: But Mr. Hoole, (whether
out of too much scrupulousness to disturb the Words
in some places from the order they were in, or not
sufficiently considering the Inconveniences of having
the Latin and English so far asunder) has made them
so much disagree, that a Boy has sometimes to seek
:

is

or 8 lines off for the corresponding Word; which

no small trouble to Young Learners who are at

equally unacquainted with all Words, in a Language they are strangers to, except it be such as have
Figures of Reference, or are very like in sound and
thus may perhaps, innocently enough join an Adverb
in one Tongue, to a Noun in the other whence may
first

xxviii)

AN ADVERTISEMENT,

Xxix

&C.

appear the Necessity of the Translation's being exactly literal, and the two Languages fairly answering
one another, Line for Line.
If it be objected, such a thing cou'd not be done
(considering the difference of the Idioms) without
transplacing Words here and there, and putting them
into an order which may not perhaps be exactly
classical; it ought to be observed, this is design'dfor
Boys chiefly, or those who are just entering upon the

Latin Tongue, to

whom

every thing ought to be

made

as plain and familiar as possible,

their first beginning, to be taught

who

are not,

the elegant
as
nor
from
such
short
Sentences
of
Latin,
placing
a
Discourses
Periods
have
but
from
where
the
these,
at

fuller Close.

Besides, this

way has already taken

Advice of very good Judges,) in

(according
some other School-Books of Mr. Hoole's translating,
and found to succeed abundantly well.
to the

Such Condescensions

as these, to the capacities of

young Learners are certainly very reasonable, and

wou'd be most agreeable to the Intentions of the
Ingenious and worthy Author, and his design to suit
whatever he taught, to their manner of apprehending
Whose Excellency in the art of Education made
it.
him so famous all over Europe, as to be solicited by
several States and Princes to go and reform the
Method of their Schools and whose works carried
;

own

Life-time some part of

them were not only translated into 12 of the usual
Languages of Europe, but also into the Arabic, Turkish, Persian, and Mogolic (the common Tongue of all
that part of the East-Indies') and since his death, into

that Esteem, that in his

XXX

THE ORBIS PICTUS.

some others. Nor did they want

Encouragement here in England, some Years
by an indiscreet use of them, and want of a

the Hebrew, and

their due

ago;

'till

thorow acquaintance with his Method, or unwillingness to part from their old road, they began to be
almost quite left off:
Yet it were heartily to be
wish'd, some Persons of Judgment and Interest,
whose Example might have an influence upon others,
and bring them into Reputation again, wou'd revive
the COMENIAN METHOD, which is no other, than
to make our Scholars learn with Delight and chearfulness, and to convey a solid and useful Knowledge
of Things, with that of Languages, in an easy, natural
and familiar way. Didactic Works (as they are now
collected into one volume) for a speedy attaining the
Knowledge of Things and Words, join'd with the
Discourses of Mr. Lock* and 2 or 3 more out of our
own Nation, for forming the Mind and settling good
Habits,

may

doubtless be look'd upon to contain the

most reasonable, orderly, and completed System of

the Art of Education, that can be met with.

how few are there, who follow the way

Yet, alas
they have pointed out ? tho' every one who seriously
considers it, must be convinc'd of the Advantage
and the generality of Schools go on in the same old
dull road, wherein a great part of Children's time is
!

tiresome heaping up a Pack of dry and unprofitable, or pernicious Notions (for surely little

lost in a

*Mr. Lock's^Essay upon Education.

Dr. Tabor's Christain Schoolmaster.
Dr. Ob. Walker of Education.
Mr. Monro's Essay on Education.
His just Measures of the pious Institutions

of

Youth, &c

AN ADVERTISEMENT,

XXXI

&C.

better can be said of a great part of that Heathenish

tormented with like the feeding them

stuff they are

with hard Nuts, which when they have almost broke

their teeth with cracking, they find either deaf or to
contain but very rotten and unwholesome Kernels)
whilst Things really perfected of the understanding,
and useful in every state of Life, are left unregarded,
to the Reproach of our Nation, where all other Arts
are improved and flourish well, only this of Education of Youth is at a stand as if that, the good or ill
;

management of which

is

of the utmost consequence

were

a thing not worth any Endeavors to imor

was already so perfect and well executed
prove it,
that it needed none, when many of the greatest

to all,

Wisdom and Judgment in several Nations, have with

a just indignation endeavor'd to expose it, and to
establish a more easy and useful way in its room.
'Tis not easy to say little on so important a subject,
but thus much may suffice for the present purpose.

The Book has merit enough to recommend it

those who know how to make a right use of it.

self to
It

was

reckon'd one of the Author's best performances and

besides the many Impressions and Translations it has
had in parts beyond Sea, has been several times reIt was endeavor'd no needless Alteraprinted here.
tions shou'd be admitted in this Edition, and as little
of any as cou'd consist with the design of making it
;

plain and useful; to shun the offence it might give

to some; and only the Roman and Italic Character

made use
cou'd be avoided.

alternately

London,
July

13, 1727.

of,

where transplacing of Words

J.

H.

(I)

Orbis Sensualium Pictus,

World of Things Obvious to

Senses drawn in Pictures.

Invitatio.

Invitation.

The Master and

the

Magister

the Boy.

6 Puer.

M. Pome, Boy, learn to'M. "yeni, Puer, disce

.

P.
to be

be wise.
P.
j

Quid hoc

est,

Sapere?

M. To understand
iy.

pere.

What doth this mean,

wise

sa-

right-

M. Intelligere

recte,

ro
do rightly, and to speak agere

to

out

all that

rightly

recte, et eloqui recte

are

omnia

me

P.

necessaria.

necessary.
P.

Who

will teach

Quis docebit

me hoc?

this?

M.
P.

I,

by God's help.

How

M. I
thorow

M. Ego, cum DEO.

P.

will

thee

guide

Quomodo ?

M. Ducam

te

per

omnia.

all.

will

shew thee

all,

will

name

all.

thee

P. See, here I am
lead
in the name of God.
;

me

Ostendam tibi omnia.

Nominabo tibi omnia.
P. En, adsum due me
in nomine DEI.
M. Ante omnia, debes
;

M. Before all things,

thou oughtest to learn the discere simplices Sonos ex
of which quibus
Sermo humanus
plain sounds,
man's speech consisteth; constat; quos Animalia

which

living

know how

creatures

sciunt formare,

make, and gua

to

scit

&

tua Lin-

imitari,

&

tua

thy Tongue knoweth how Mantes potest pingere.

to imitate, and thy hand can
picture out.

Afterwards we will go
into the World,

view

Postea ibimus Mundum,

and we will & spectabimus omnia.

all things.

Hie habes vivum

Here thou hast a lively
cale Alphabetum.
and Vocal Alphabet.

et

vo-

(z)
Cornix cornicatur,

The Crow
Agnus

a a

balat,

The Lamb

e e h

Bb

ci ci

Cc

blaiteth.

Cicada stridet,

The Grasshopper
Upupa

crieth.

chirpeth.

dicit,

du du

e e e

The Whooppoo saith.

Infans ejulat,
The Infant crieth.
Ventus

fi

flat,

fi

Ff

The Wind bloweth.

ga ga

Gg

ha'h ha'h

Hh

Anser gingrit,

The
Os

Goose gagleth.

halat,

The Mouth breatheth

Mus

mintrit,

The Mouse
Anas

out.

i i i

chirpeth.

tetrinnit,

kha, kha

The Duck quaketh.

Lupus

The

ululat,

lu ulu

JT*// howleth.

Ursus murmurat,

[mum
mum-

The Bear grumbleth.

(\)
Felis clamat,

The Cat

nau nau

ooo

pi pi

Pp

kuk ku

Qq

crieth.

Auriga clamat,

The

Carter crieth.

Pullus pipit,

The

Chicken peepeth.

Cilculus cuculat,

The cuckow singeth.

err

Cards ringitur,

The

dog grinneth.
si

tac tac

n n

Serpens sibilat,
Serpent hisseth.

The

Graculus clamat,

The Jay
Bubo

The

crieth.

ululat,
6>7i//hooteth.

Lepus vagit,
The Hare squeaketh.

va

Ww

coax
Rana coaxat,
The Frog croaketh.

Asinus rudit,
The Asse brayeth.

y y y

Yy

Tabanus

ds ds

Zz

dicit,

The Breeze or
saith.

Horze-flie

God

S)
Deus.

II.

God

of himself from
Deus est ex seipso, ab
everlasting to everlasting. aeterno in aeternum.
is

A most perfect and

most blessed Being.

In his Essence Spiritual,

and One.

Merciful and True.

In

Power very

his

& beatis-

Ens.

Essentia Spiritualis

&

unus.

In his Persona/ity,Thvee.
In his Will, Holy, Just,
In his

Perfectissimum

simum

Goodness,

Hypostasi Trinus.
Voluntate, Sanctus, Justus,

Clemens, Verax.

great.

Potentid

maximus.

very

Bonitate

Optimus.

good.
In his Wisdom, unmeas-

Light inaccessible

Sapientia,

Lux

urable.
;

inaccessa;

& tamen omnia

and yet all in all.

bus.
and
no
Every where,
Ubique &
where.

immensus.
in

nullibi.

omni-

(S)
chiefest Good, and
Summum Bonum, et sothe only and inexhausted lus et inexhaustus Fons
Fountain of all good omnium Bonorum.

The

things.
As the

Creator, so

all things,

the

which we

call

World.

The World.

Aves,

3.

and Men,

Stellas.

3.

Pisces, 4.

5.

natant in Aqua.
Terra habet Montes,

5.

Sylvas, 6.

6. Fields, 7.
8.

&

volant sub nubibus.

Fishes, 4.

swim in the Water.

The Earth hath Bills,
Beasts,

1.

pendent in Aere.

under the Clouds.

Woods,

Mundus.

habet Ignem
Nubes, 2.

The Clouds, z.
hang in the Air.

omnium
Mun-

rerum,quas vocamus
dum.

Ccelum,

1 .

Birds,

Creator, ita Guberna-

tor et Conservator

III.

The Heaven,
hath Fire, and Stars.

fly

Ut

the

Governour and Preserver of

9.

Campos, 7.
Animalia, 8. Homiius,

9.

(7
Thus the greatest Bodies
of the World, the four Elemerits, are full of their own
Inhabitants.

maxima

Ita

sunt plena Habitatoribus

Ccelum.

IV.

The Heaven, i.
wheeled about, and

Ccelum,
rotatur,

1.

&

encompasseth the Earthy. ambit Terrain,

standing in the middle.

The

Sun,

perpetually,

dark Clouds,

Sol, 3.

it is,

shineth

howsoever
4.

from us;
and causeth by his Rays,
Light, and the

may

take

it

it,

is

Darkness,

and thence Night.

ubi ubi

est,

5.

eum

a nobis;

facitque suis Radiis,

Lucent,

6.

fulget

perpetuo, ut ut densa
Nubila, 4.
eripiant

Light, Day,
On the other side, over
against

2.

stantem in medio.

3.

wheresoever

Corpora

Mundi, quatuor Elementa,

suis.

The Heaven.

is

Ex

5.

Lux Diem.

opposito, sunt Teneinde Nox.

brce, 6.

rs;
Nocte

In the Night

shineth the Moon,

and the Stars, 8.

splendet Luna,

7.

&

and twinkle.
In the Evening, 9.

7.

Stellas, 8.

glister

micant, scintillant.

is

est Crepusculum:

Vesperi,

Twilight:

In the Morning,

9.

Mane Aurora,
& Diluculum.

10.

the breaking, and

dawning of the Day.

10.

V.

Fire.

Ignis.

The i^Vvgloweth, burnetii

and

consumeth

Ignis ardet,
to urit, cremat.

ashes.

A spark of it struck out Scintilla ejus elisa

of a Flint (or Firestone), 2. e Silice, (Pyrite) 2.
by means of a Steel, 1.
Ope Chalybis, 1.
and taken by Tynder
a Tynder-box,

in

lighteth a Match, 4.
after that a Candle,

and

et

excepta a Fomite

in Suscitabulo, 3.

3.

5.

accendit Sulphuratum,
et inde Candelam, 5.

4.

(9)
or

vel Lignum,

stick, 6.

and causeth
or

a flame,

7.

et excitat

vel Incendium,

blaze, 8.

which catcheth hold of

quod

the Houses.

/E

Smoak, 9.
ascendeth therefrom,

which, sticking to the

10.

Chimney,

(or

Ex
).

quenched

stick).
hot Coal

made

a Coal, 12.

(or a dead Cinder).

fit

Ashes, 13.

and Embers

10.

Torre,

(or hot Ashes),

Titio, 11.

(lignum extinctum.)
Ex Pruna,
(candente particula
Torris,)
fit

Car bo,

12.

{Particula mortua.)

That which remaineth,

is at last

9.

(ligno ardente,)

(red hot piece

of a Fire-brand)
is

Fumus,

ascendit inde,
qui, adhaerans

a Fire-brand,

Of a

corripit

abit in Fuliginem.

Soot.

(or burning stick)

is made a Brand, 1

7.

8.

dificia.

Camino,

turneth into

Of

6.

Flammam,

Quod
tandem

&

remanet,
est Cinis, 13.

Favilla (ardens Cinis.)

Aer.

cool Air,

Aura,

i.

1.

breatheth gently.
The Wind> 2.

spirat leniter.

bloweth strongly.

flat

Storm,

Ventus,

Procella,

3.

throweth down Trees.

Whirl-wind,

turneth

it

2.

valide.

Turbo,

4.

self in a

round

3.

sternit Arbores.

agit se in

4.

gyrum.

compass.

A Wind under Ground,*,. Ventus subterraneus,

excitat Terra motum.
causeth an Earthquake.
An Earthquake causeth Terrae motus facit
Labes (& ruinas.) 6.
gapings of the Earth,
6.
of
Houses.)
(and falls

5.

r ii

The Water.

VII.

The Water springeth

out of a Fountain,
fioweth downwards
1

glideth in a Stream,
in a Whirl-pit,

The
The
Bays,

.tf/z/<rr

.SVa

in

10.

13.

Almost

Necks of Land,

2.

in iZ/W,

3.

stat in Stagno, 4.
fiuit in

Flumine,

5.

gyratur
in Vortice,

&

7.

6.

facit Faludes, 7.

Flumen habet Ripas.

Mare facit Littora, 9.

8.

Shores,^.

Sinus, 10. Fromontoria,

Capes, 11.

Islands, 12.

Tor rente,

manat

5.

hath Banks,

maketh

1.

defluit

6.

Fens,

scatet

./^tffl

whirled about

and causeth

Aqua.

e Fonte,

in a Brook, 2.
runneth in a Beck, 3.
standeth in a Bond, 4.
is

Islands,
14.

Isthmos, 14.

Straights, 15.

Freta, 15.

and hath

&

in{it Bocks, 16.

Insula*, 12. Beninsulas, 13.

habet Scopulos,

16.

(12)
The Clouds.

VIII.

A Vapour, i. ascendeth
from the Water.
From
is
3.

it

a Cloud,

2.

made, and a white Mist,

near the Earth.
Rain,

Nubes.

1.

Vapor,

fit,

et Nebula,

Rluvia,

leth out of a Cloud,

distil- et

drop

by drop.

2.
3.

prope terram.

4.

and a small Shower

ascendit ex

Aqua.
Inde Nubes,

4.

Imber,

stillat e

Nube,

guttatim.

Which being

Hail,

5.

frozen, is
Quae gelata, Grando,
half frozen is Snow, semigelata, Nix, 6.

5.

being warm is Mel-dew. calefacta, Rubigo est.

In a rainy Cloud,
In nube pluviosa, opposet over against the Sun
sita soli Iris, 7. apparet.
the Rainbow, 7. appeareth.
A drop falling into the
Gutta incidens in aquam,
water maketh a Bubble, 8. facit Bullam, 8.
multae Bullce faciunt
many Bubbles make

6.

froth, 9.

Frozen Water

is

called

spumam, 9.
Aqua congelata

Ice, 10.

Glacies, 10.

Dezv congealed,

Ros congelatus,

( i3
is

called a white Frost.

Thunder

is

made of

brimstone-like vapour,
which breaking out of a

dicitur Pruina.
Tonitru

cum

The

IX.

In the Earth are

high Mountains,

Deep Vallies,
Hills rising,

Fields,

3.
4.

&

6.

Nube

1.

fulminat.

Terra.

In Terra sunt
Alti Montes,

1.

valles,

2.

Elevati Colles, 3.
cavae Speluncae, 4.

Plani campi,

5.

Shady Woods,

tonat

Fulgure,

Profundae

2.

Hollow Caves,
Plain

1.

ex

quod erumpens

Cloud, with Lightning, n.

thundereth and striketh
with lightning.

Earth.

fit

Vapor e sulphureo,

5.

Opacoe Sylvae,

6.

The

Fruits of the Earth.

Terrae Foetus.

X.

Pratum,

fert

meadow, i. yieldeth
grass with Flowers and

cum

Floribus

&

Herbs, which being cut

down, are made Hay, 2.

quae defecta
fiunt Fcenum,

2.

A Field,
and

3.

yieldeth Corn,

Pot-herbs, 4.

Mushrooms,
Straw -berries,

Myrtle-trees, &c.
*:<?;#
#/ in Woods.

Metals, Stones,

Arvum, 3.
& 01era, 4.

^Mwy,
Frag a,

5.
6.

and J/Y-

1.

Gramina,
Herbis

fert Frugcs,

5.
6.

Myrtilli, &c.
Proveniunt in Sylvis.

Metalla, Lapides,

Mineralia,

grow

under the earth.

nascuntur sub terra.

Metals

Lead,
is soft,

Iron,

and

Metalla.

Plumbum, 1.
molle & grave.
Ferrum, 2. est durum,

i,

and heavy.
2. is

Steel, 3.

hard,
harder.

They make
(or Cans),

4.

est

&

e Stanno.

of Tin.

of Copper,
Candlesticks, 6. of Latin,

Ahena,

Kettles, 5.

oilers, 7.

Quick-silver

is

always

Thaleros,
8.
li-

quid, and eateth thorow

Metals of Gold.

5,

e Cupro,

Candelabra,6. ex Orichalco,

of Silver,

Ducats and Crown-pieces,

Calybs, 3. durior.

Faciunt Cantharos,^.

Tankards

7.

ex Argento,

Scutatos et Coronatos, 8.

Ex, Auro.
Argentum Vivum, semper
liquet,

&

corrodit Metalla.

Stones.

Sand,
is

Stone

Lapides.

1. and Gravel, 2.
broken into bits.

A great
is

Stone,

3.

a piece of

a Rock (or Crag)

Whetstone,

4.

Load-stone,

it.

jewels, 9.
are clear Stones, as

The
The
The
The
The

Diamond white,
Ruby

Sabulum,

2.

comminutus.

Saxum,

3.

est pars
Petrce (Cautis) 4.

armor, 7. &c.
sunt obscuri Lapides.
Silex, 6.

agues, 8.

8.

to

&

1.

Cos, 5.

5.

a Flint, 6. a Marble, 7. &c.

are ordinary Stones.

draweth Iron

Arena,
est Lapis

red,

Sapphire blue,

adtrahit ferrum.

Gemmce, 9.
sunt pellucidi Lapilli, ut
Adamas candidus,
Rubinus rubeus,
Sapphirus caeruleus,

Emerald green,
Smaragdus viridis,
yacinth yellow, &c. Hyacynthus luteus, &c.
And they glister
et micant
into
corners.
cut
being
angulati.

and Unions, 10.

in Shell-fish.

Pearls

grow

MargaritceSi Uniones,

crescunt in Conchis.

10,

17)

Corals, ii.
in a Sea-shrub.

in

Amber, 12. is gathered

from the Sea.

e mari.

Plant,

Vitrum, 13. simile est

1.

7>^<?, 3

5.

from the Root.

6.

and green Branches,

of Leaves,

8.

2.

Frutex in Arborcm,
Radix, 4.
Sustentat arborem.

The Stem divideth it

made

Planta abit

4.

beareth up the Tree.

The Body or <S7<?w,

into Boughs,

procrescit

in Fruticem,

2.

Root,

1.

e Semitic.

Shoot to a

riseth

Arbor.

Planta,

groweth

Seed.

plant waxeth to a

The

colligitur

XIII.

from a
Shoot,

12.

Chrystallo.

Tree.

Marind arbuscul&.
Succinum,

Glass, 13. is like

Chrystal.

1 1

Corallia,

7.

Stirps (Stemma)
Surgit e radice.

self

Stirps se dividit
in

Ramos,

&

Frondes,

6.
7.

factas e Foliis,

8.

5.

3.

The
is

is

Cacumen,

top, 9.

9.

summo.

in the height.

est in

The

Truncus, 10.
adhaerat radicibus.

Stock, 10.

close to the roots.

A
is

is;

Caudex,

Log, 1 1
the body fell'd
.

down

without Boughs having

Bark and Rind, 12.
;

Pith and

He a rt,

Bird-lime,

sine ramis; habens Corticem

&

Librum,

pidpam &

13.

1 1

est Stipes dejectus,

12.

medullam,

13.

Viscum, 14.

14.

groweth upon the boughs, adnascitur ramis

which also sweat
qui etiam sudant,
y

Gumm,

Gumtni,
Resinam,
Picem, &c.

Rosin,
Pitch, &c.

XIV.

Fruits of Trees.

Fruits that have no

shells are pull'd

from

fruit-bearing trees.

The

Apple,

1.

is

round.

Fructus Arborum.

Poma
decerpuntur,
a fructiferis arboribus.

Malum,

1.

est

rotundum.

(19
The Pear, 2. and Fig,
are something long.
The

Cherry,

start.

&

and

Wall-nut,

6.

Persicum,

iV?/^:

8.

Juglans,

Av elIana, 9.
& Castanea,

9.

Chest-nut, 10.

are wrapped in a /^i ^

-

and

Pediolo.

5.

Mo rum, 7.
brevissimo.

7.

a very short one.

The

pendet longo

breviori.

The Mulberry,

the Hazel-nut,

Ficus, 3.

sunt oblonga.
Cerasum, 4.

Prunum,

by a shorter.
by

&

2.

Pyrum,

3.

4.

hangeth by a long
The Plumb, 5.
and Peach, 6.

a Shell.

Barren trees are

8.

10.

involuta sunt Cortici

& Putamini.
Steriles arbores sunt 11.

11.

The Firr, the Alder,

Abies, Alnus,
The Birch, the Cypress,
Betula, Cupressus,
The Beech, the ^A,
Fag us, Fraxinus,
The Sallotv, the Linden-tree, Salix, Tilia, &c.
&c, but most of them af- sed pleraeque umbriferae.
fording shade.
But the Juniper,

and

Bay-tree, 13.

yield

&

Laurus,

13.

12.

ferunt

Baccas.

Berries.

The /Yn<?,
The 6>a,

At Juniperus,

12.

4.

Pine-apples.

15.

Acorns and Galls.

Pinus,

14.

Quercus,

Glandes

&

Strobilos.

15.

Gallas.

Flowers

Amongst

Flores

the Flowers

Inter flores

the most noted,

In the beginning of

the Spring are the

Violet, I. the Crow-toes,
the Daffodil, 3.
Then the Lillies,

notissimi,

Primo
2.

vere,

1.

Viola,

Narcissus,

Turn

4.

white and yellow

alba

and blew, 5.
and the Rose, 6.
and the Clove gilliflowers,

&

&

Hyaa'nt/ius,

Lilia, 4.

lutea,

ccerulea,

5.

tandem Rosa,
7,

&

2,

3.

6.

Caryophillwn,

7.

Ex

8.

&c.

&c,

Of these

Garlands,

8.

his Serta,

and Nosegays, 9. are

tyed round with twigs.
There are added also

&

sweet herbs, 10.

as Marjoram,
Flo7ver gentle, Rue,

Herbcz odoratce, o.
ut Amaracus,
Amaranthus, Ruta,
Lavendula,
Rosmarinus, (Libanotis).

Lavender,
Rosemary.

Service, 9.

vientur.

Adduntur etiam
1

( 2i ;

Hysop, Spike,

( 22 ;

Garlick, 4. Gourd,
The Parsnep, 6.
The Turnep, 7.
The Radish, 8.
Horse-radish,

Parsly,

Cucurbita,

Rap a,

5.

7.

Raphanus minor,
Raphanus major,

9.

8.
9.

Petroselin urn, 10.

1 1

Cucumeres,

and Pompions,

Pepones,

12.

XVII.

Corn.

Cc/vz

a straw,
parted by
as Wheat,

4.

Siser, 6.

10.

Cucumbers,

Some

Allium,

5.

grows upon

/kw/j-,

1 1

12,

Fruges.

Frumefita quaedam cre-

scunt super culmum,

distinctum geniculis,

1.
ut, Triticum, 1.
Barley, 3.
Siligo, 2. Hordeutn, 3.
in quibus ^/Va habet
in which the .#/' hath
awnes, or else it is without Aristas, aut est mutica, fo-ff;V,

2,

awnes, and it nourisheth vetque grana in gluma.

the G?r in the Husk.
Some instead of an ear,
Quaedam pro Spica,
have a rz'z<?w (or plume)
habent Paniculam, continentem grana fasciatim,
containing the corn by
bunches,as Oats, 4. Millet,^. ut, Avena, 4. Milium, 5.
Turkey-wheat,

6.

Frumentum Saracenicum,

6,

(*3)
Pulse have Cods,
which enclose the corns
in

two

valvulis,

Shales,

as Pease,

Legumina habent Siliquas,

quae includunt grana
ut,

7.

Beans, 8. Vetches, 9. and

those that are less than

Pisum,

7.

Fabce, 8. Vicia,
& minores his

these Lentils and [fries (or Lentes

&

9.

Cicera.

Tares).

XVIII.

Shrubs.

plant being greater,

and harder than an herb,

is called a Shrub:
such as are
In Banks and Ponds,

Frutices.

Planta major
durior herba,
dicitur Frutex :
ut sunt

&

In ripis

J'uncus,

&

stagnis,

the Rush, 1
the Bulrush, 2.
or Cane without knots

Scirpus,

bearing

ferens Typhos,

Cats-tails,

and the Reed, 3.

which is knotty and hollow within.
Elsewhere,

4.

1.

2.

[Canna] enodis

&

Arundo,

nodosa

et

intus.

Alibi,

4.

3.

cava

**)

the Rose,

Rosa,

the Bastard-Corinths,
the Elder, the Juniper.

Rides,

Also the

Vine,

5.

Sambucus, Juniperus,

putteth forth branches,

and these tendrels, 7.

Vilis, 5.

quae emittit Palmites,

6.

et hi Capreolos, 7.

Vine-leaves, 8.

and Bunches of grapes,

on the stock whereof

hang Grapes,
which contain

Item

which

9.

Pampinos, 8.
et Racemos, 9.

quorum Scapo
pendent

7#^,

Grape-stones. continentes Acinos.

XIX.
Living-Creatures: and First, Birds.

Animalia:

& primum,

living Creature liveth,

Aves.

Animal vivit,
sentit, movet se;

perceiveth, moveth itself;

is born, dieth,
nascitur, moritur,
is

nourished,

and groweth
or sitteth, or
or goeth.

standeth,

lieth,

nutritur,
crescit

&

stat,

aut sedet, aut cubat,

aut graditur.

6.

Bird, {Fisher,

i.

*s)

hath a Comb,

26;
habet Cristam,

2,

2.

and Spurs, 3.
being gelded, he is called
a Capon, and is crammed

&

in a Coop, 4.

in Ornithotrophico, 4.

//<?,

Calcaria,

3.

castratus dicitur

Capo

&

saginatur

GalUna,

5.

5.

scrapeth the Dunghil,

ruspatur ftmetum,

and picketh up Corns:

&

as also the Pigeons, 6.

(which are brought up in

(quae educantur

a Pigeon-house, 7.)
and the Turkey-cock,

with his Turkey-htn,

colligit grana
sicut & Columbce,

9.

Peacock, 10.
in
his
Feathers.
prideth
Stork,

& Gallopavus, 8.
cum sua Meleagride,
Formosus Pavo,
Ciconia,

nidificat

on the top of the House,

in tecto.

The Swallow, 12.

the Sparrow, 13.
the Mag-pie, 14.

Passer,

15.
16.

(or Flettermouse)
use to flie about Houses.

9.

10.

superbit pennis.

1.

buildeth her nest

the Jackdaw,
and the Bat,

6,

in Colum-

bario, 7.)
8.

The gay

The

Hirundo,
1

1.

12.

/Vrtf, 14.

Monedula,

&

15.

Vespertilio, 16.

(Mas alatus)
volitant circa

Domus.

Oscines.

Singing-Birds.

The Nightingale i. singeth the sweetlyest of all.

The Lark, 2. singeth
as she flyeth in the Air.
The

Quail,

the
the
the
the
the
the
the
the

as the Canary-bird,

um,

4.

ut Luteola peregrina.

Goldfinch,

Carduelis,

ilia,

Acanthi's,

Lin aria,
parvus Parus,

Linnet,

Titmouse,

Wood-wall,
Robin-red-breast,

Hedge-sparrow, &c.

The party colour'd Parret, 5.

ramisarbor-

Caeterae, in

Fring

little

3.

sedens humi;

Chaffinch,
Siskin,

the Black-bird,

the Stare, 7.
with the Mag-pie
and the Jay, learn

6.

1.

omnium.

Alauda, 2. cantillat
volitans in aere;
Coturnix,

3.

on the ground;
others on the boughs of
sitting

trees, 4.

Luscinia {Philomela),

can tat suavissi me

Galgulus,
Rubecula,
Curruca, &c.

Discolor Psitiacus,
Merula,
Sturnus,

6.
7.

cum Pica,
& Monedula,

discunt

5.

(2Z)
humanas voces formare

to frame men's words.

great many are

to be shut in Cages,

wont

Pleraeque solent
includi Cave is,

8.

8,

XXII.
Birds that haunt the Fields and Woods.

Aves Campestires & Sylvestres.

The
is

Ostrich,

The Wren,
is

2.

maximus.
2.

Regulus,

(Trochilus)

minimus.
Noctua,

3.

3.

the most despicable.

despicatissimus.

The Whoop 00,

Upupa, 4.
sordidssimus,

4.

the most nasty,

for it eateth dung.
is

The Bird of Paradise,

is

1.

Struthio,

ales est

the least.

The Owl,
is

i.

the greatest Bird.

very rare.

The Pheasant,
the Bustard, 7.

vesciturenim stercoribus.
5.

Manucodiata,
rarissimus.

6.

Phasianus,

Tarda

(Otis),

6.
7.

5.

the deaf wild Peacock,

the Moor-hen, 9.

8.

*9)
surdus, Tetrao,
Attagen,

9.

Perdix,

10.

8.

the Partrige, 10.

the Woodcock, 1
and the Thrush, 12.

Gallinago (Rusticola),
& Turdus, 1 2,

are counted Dainties.

habentur in

Among

the rest,

the best are,

the watchful Crane, 13.
the mournful Turtle, 14.
the Cuckow, 15.
the Stock-dove,

The
the

Grus,

pervigil.

13.

Turtur,

gemens.

14.
1

Palumbes,

Birds.

Eagle,

deliciis.

Inter reliquas,
potissimae sunt,

Cuculus,

the Speight, the Jay,

the Crow, &c, 16.

Ravenous

11,

Picus, Garrulus,

Cor nix, &c,

Aves Rapaces.

XXIII.

1.

Aquila,

of Birds

16.

1.

Rex Avium,

King
looketh upon the Sun,
The Vulture, 2.

intuetur Solem.

and the Raven,

&

3.

Vultur,

2.

Corvus,

3.

r 3

feed

The

upon

Carrion.

Kite, 4.

pascuntur

pursueth

pullos gallinaceos.

Falcon,

the Hobbie,

The

Falco,

5.

6.

and the Hawk,

catch at

morticinis,

[cadaveribus.]
Milvus, 4. insectatur

Chickens.

The

little

Nisus,

&

7.

Birds.

Gerfalcon,

8.

Accipiter,

catch-

8.

Astur,

The white Swan,

1.

Aves Aquaticae.

Oler,
Arise/-,

3.

captat

columbas & aves majores.

XXIV.

Water-Fowl.

&

1.

candidus,

2.

Anas,

3.

swim up and down.

The Cormorant, 4,

natant.

diveth.

se mergit.
Adde his

And

7.

captant aviculas.

eth Pigeons and greater

Birds.

the Goose, 2.
and the Duck,

5,

6.

to these the water-

'erg us, 4.

Fulicam,

hen, and the Pelican, &c.,io. Pelecanum, &c,

10.

(V)
The

Osprey,

Haliozetus, 5.

5.

and the Sea-mew,

&

6.

flying downwards
use to catch Fish,

but the Heron,

6.

captant pisces,
sed Ardea, 7.

7.

standing on the Banks.

The

Gavia,

devolantes,

stans in ripis.
8.

Bittern,
putteth
his Bill in the water, and
belloweth like an Ox.

rostrum aquae,
& mugit ut bos.

The Water-wagtail,
waggeth the tail.

motat caudam.

8,

Flying Vermin.

Butio,
inferit

Motacilla,

9.

XXV

9.

Insecta volantia.

The Bee, maketh honey

Apis, 1. facit mel
which the Drone,2. devour- quod Fucus, 2. depascit
The Wasp, 3.
eth.
Vespa, 3.
and the Hornet, 4.
& Crabro, 4.
1

molest with a sting;

infestant oculeo

and the Gad-Bee

&

(or Breese),

5.

especially Caitel;

Oestrum

(Asilus),

5.

imprimis pee us.

( 32 ;

but the Fly,

The
The

autem Musca,

6.

and the Gnat,

7.

&

us.

Culex,

7.

6.

nos.
8. cantillat.

Cricket, 8. singeth.

Gryllus,

Butterfly, 9. is a

Papillio, 9. est

winged Caterpillar.
The Beetle, 10. covereth
her wings with Cases.
The Glow-worm, 11.

alata Eruca.

shineth by night.

nitet noctu.

Scarabczus, 10. tegit

alas vaginis.
Cicindela [Lampyris], 11.

XXVI.
Four-Footed Beasts: and First those about the
House.

Quadrupeda
The Dog, 1.

& primum Domestica.

with the Whelp, 2.

is keeper of the House.

The

Cat,

3.

Cam's,

cum

1.

Catello, 2.

est custos

Doraus.

Felis (Catus)

3.

(33)
riddeth the

of Mice,

Mouse-trap,

The

purgat

doth.

5.

Muscipula,
Sciurus,

Simia,

7.

and the Monkey,

are kept at

&

8.

home

The Dormouse, 9. and

other greater Mice, 10.
as, the Weesel, the Marten,

Bull,

Mures majores,
Mustela, Martes,

ut,

Vivcrra,
infestant

1.

the Cow,

2.

&

3.

are covered with hair.

The Ram, the Weather,
the Ewe,$. and the Lamb,

Taurus,
Vitulus,

teguntur
4.
6.

10.

domum.

XXVII.

Calf,

bear wool.
E

&

Glis, 9.

Ferret,

Herd-Cattle.

The

7.

Cercopithecus, 8.

caeteri

trouble the House,

and the

5. facit.
6.

habentur domi
delectamento.

for delight.

and the

4.

quod etiam

Squirrel, 6.

Ape,

domum

a Muribus,

4.

which also

House

Pecora.

1.

Vacca,

2.

3.

pilis.

Aries, Vcrvex, 4.
Ovis, 5. cum Agno, 6.

gestant lanam.

The

34;

He-goat, the Gelt-

Hircus, Caper,

7.

goat, 7.

with the She-goat,

and Kid, 9. have

&

shag-hair and beards.

The ^<?^, the Sow,

and the Pigs,

have bristles,

cum

8.

Villos
10.

at

as those others (have.)

y^^,

Horse,

Asinus,

Camel,

Jumenta.

1.

Mulus, 2.
gestant Onera.

f#j,

3.

4.

grac-

eth) carryeth us.

The

Setas,

non Cornua

&

2.

(which a Mane,

10.

11.

sed etiam Ungulas bisulcas

ut ilia.

1.

carry burthens.

The

aruncos.

XXVIII.

Labouring- Beasts.

The

8.

habent.

Porcellis,

habent

but not horns;

but also cloven feet

and the Mule,

&

9.

Porcus, Scrofa,

cum

1.

Capra,

Hcedo,

5.

3.

(quam Juba,

4. ornat)
gestat nos ipsos.

Catnelus, 5.

Mercatorem

carryeth the Merchant

gestat

with his Ware.

cum mercibus

suis.

(35)
The

Elephant,

6.

draweth his meat to him

with his Trunk, 7.
He hath two Teeth, 8.
standing out,

and

is

able to carry

full thirty

men.

E/ke,

denies, 8.

prominentes,
& potest portare
etiam triginta viros.
Ferae Pecudes.

Urus,

sunt

1.

feri

A Ices,

3.

6.

7.

Habet duos

& Bubalus,

2.

are wild Bulls.

The

Proboscide,

XXIX.

Wild-Cattle.

The Buff, 1.
and the Buffal,

Elephas, (Barrus)
attrahit pabulum

2.

Boves.

3.

major equo
being bigger than an
Horse (whose back is im- (cujustergusest impenepenetrable) hath knaggy trabilis) habet ramosacorhorns as also the Hart, 4. nua; ut & Cervus, 4.
Sed Caprea, 5.
but the Roe, 5. and
the Hind-calf, almost none. cum Hinnulo, fere nulla.

The Stone- back,

huge great ones.

The

6.

Wild-goat, 7.
little ones,

hath very

by which she hangeth

her self on a Rock.

Capricornus,

6.

praegrandia
Rupicapra, 7.
minuta,
quibus suspendit
se ad rupem.
;

(tf)
The

Monoccros, 8.
habet unura,
sed pretiosum.

8.

Unicorn,

halh but one,

but that a precious one.

The Boar,

9. assail-

Aper, 9.
grassatur dentibus.

eth one with his tushes.

The Hare,
The Cony,

10. is fearful.
1 1

Cuniculus,

diggeth the Earth.

As

10.

Lepus,

t 1

perfodit terrain ;

Ut &

also the Mole, 12.

which maketh hillocks.

Talpa,

2.

quae facit grumos.

XXX.

Wild-Beasts.

pavet.

Ferae BesitEe.

Wild Beasts
Bcstice
have sharp paws, and
habent acutos ungues, &
teeth, and are flesh eaters. dentes,suntque carnivorse,

As the Lyon, 1.
King of four-footed
Beasts, having a mane;

jubatus

with the Lioness.

cum

Ut

The spotted

Panther,

Leo,

1.

Rex quadrupedum,

the

2.

Lecena.

Maculosus, Pardo (Panthera)

2.

C 37 J

The

Tyger,

6.

Tygris,

3.

the cruellest of

The Shaggy Bear, 4.

The ravenous Wolf, 5.
The quick sighted Ounce,
The tayled fox, 7.

the craftiest of

Villosus Ursus,

4.

Rapax

Lupus, 5.
Lynx, 6. visu pollens,

Caudata

Vulpes, 7.

astutissima omnium.

all.

The Hedge- Iiog,

is

3.

immanissima omnium.

all.

8.

Erinaccus,

8.

est aculeatus.

prickly.

The Badger,

Melis, 9.

9.

delighteth in holes.

sraudet latebris.

XXXI.
Serpents and Creeping things.

Serpentes
V*

Snakes creep

by winding themselves;

The
in the

The

Adder,

wood

&

Angues re punt
sinuando se;
Coluber,

1.

in

Water-snake,

Reptilia.

Sylva

1.

Natrix, (hydra)

2.

in the water;

in

The Viper, 3.
amongst great stones.

in saxis;

Aqua
Vipera,

3.

2.

The Asp, 4. in the fields.

The Boa, (or Mild-snake)
5.

in Houses.

Lizzard,

Lacerta,

7.

And

fire)

8,

igne vivax,) habent

pedes.
(in

Draco,

9.

Serpens alatus,

necat halitu.
Basiliscus, 10.

Basilisk, 10.

Oculis;

the Scorpion, n.

with his poysonous

tail.

Crawling-Vermin.

Worms gnaw

7.

Salamandra,

8.

The Dragon, 9.
a winged Serpent,
killeth with his Breath.
with his Eyes

Domibus.

est coeca.

and the Salamander,

(that liveth long in
have feet.

The

campis.

5.

Coze ilia, 6.

6.

blind.

The

Boa,
in

The Slow-worm,
is

Aspis, 4, in

things.

Scorpio,

1 1

venenata cauda.

XXXII.

Insecta repentia.

Vermes, rodunt

res.

( 39 )

The Earth-worm,

i.

the Earth.

The

Caterpillar, z.

the Plant.

Lumbricus,
terram.

Eruca,

1.

2.

plantam.

The Gras hopper,

3.

the Fruits.

Cicada,

3.

Fruges.

The Mite, 4. the Corn.

The Timber-worm, 5.
Wood.
The Moth, 6. a garment.
The Book-worm, 7.

Ligna.

a Book.

Librum.

Maggots, 8.
Flesh and Cheese.

carnem & caseum.

Teredo, (cossis)

Tinea,

vestem.

6.

Blatta,

5.

7.

Termites,

8.

Acari, Capillum.

The skipping

Saltans Pulcx,

Flea, 9.

The

7VX'<?,

foe tans

12.

The

Silk-worm,

13.

Spider, 15.

sericum.

Eormiea,

14.

est laboriosa.

Aranea,

15.

weaveth a Cobweb,

texit

nets for

retia muscis.

The

11.

sanguisugus est.
Bombyx, 13.
facit

14.

painful.

The

Cimex,

mordent nos.
Ricinus, 12.

a blood-sucker.

maketh silk.
The Pismire,

9.

Pediculus, 10.

Wall-louse, 11. bite us.

is

Frumenta.

Hand-worms, the Hair.

the Lowse, 10.
and the stinking

is

Circulio, 4.

flies.

Snail, 16. carri-

eth about her Snail-horn.

Araneum,

Cochlea, 16.

circumfert testam.

4oJ

XXXIII.
Creatures that live as well by Water as by Land.

Amphibia.
Creatures that live by
land and by water, are

The

Crocodile,

i.

Viventia

&

in terra

aqua, sunt

Crocodilus,

and preying Beast

of the River Nilus ;
a cruel

The

1.

immanis & praedatrix

tia

Nili fiuminis

bes-

Castor or Beaver, 2.
having feet like a Goose,

habens pedes anserinos

and

& squameam Caudam

a scaly tail to

swim.

Castor, (Fiber)

2.

ad natandum.

The Otter, 3.
The croaking

Lutra,

Frog,

4.

with the Toad.

The

Tortoise,

5.

covered above and beneath with shells,

as with a target.

3.

& coaxans Rana,

cum Bufone.
Testudo,

Operta

&

testis,

ceu scuto.

5.

infra,

4.

r 4i ;

XXXIV.
River Fish and Pond Fish.

&

Pisces Fluviatil es

Fish hath Fins,

with which

it

swimmeth,

and Gills, z.
by which it taketh breath,
and Prickles

Lacustres.

Piscis habet Pinnas,

1.

quibus natat
& Branchias,
Spinas
loco ossium

and the Female a Row,

Fcemina Ova.

praeterea,

Quidam habent Squamas,

Scales.

as the Eel, 5.
and the Lamprey,

&

Mas Lactcs,

as the Carp, 3.
and the Luce or Pike,
Some are sleek

2.

quibus respirat

instead of bones: besides

the Male hath a Milt,

Some have

1.

ut Carpio,
4.

3.

Lucius, (Lupus) 4.
Alii sunt glabri,
ut, Anguilla, 5.

6.

The

us tela,

6.

Sturgeon, 7.
having- a sharp snout,

Accipenser (Sturio),
mucronatus, crescit

groweth beyond the

length of a Man.

ultra longitudinem viri.

The

Sheath-fish,

8.

Silurus,

8.

7.

(42)
having wide Cheeks,
is bigger than he
But the greatest,

bucculentus,

major illo est

Sed maximus

is

the Huson,
Minews, 10.

Antaseus (Huso,)

9.

swimming by

natantes gregatim,
sunt minutissimae.

shoals,

are the least.

Others of

Alii hujus generis sunt

this sort are

the Perch, the Bley,

the Barbel,

Perca, Alburnus,

the Esch, the Trout,

the Gudgeon, and Trench, 1

The

Crab-fish, 12. is

Mullus, (Barbus)
Thymallus, Trutta,
Gobius, Tinea, 11.

1.

cov-

Cancer, 12.

ered with a shell, and it

hath Claws, and crawleth
forwards and backwards.

The

9.

ApUCB, 10.

tegitur crusta,

habetque

chelas,

tur porro

&

Hirudo,

Horse-leech, 13.

sucketh blood.

&

gradi-

retro.

13.

sugit sanguinem.

XXXV.
Sea-fish,

and

Marini pisces

Shell-fish.

The

Whale, 1. is the
greatest of the Sea-fish.

& Conchae.

Balcena, (Cetus) 1. maximus Piscium marinorum.

(43)
The

Dolphin,

z.

Delphinus, 2.
velocissimus.

the swiftest.

The

Raia,

Scale, 3.

the most monstrous.

3.

monstrossimus.

Alii sunt Muroznula, 4.

Others are the Lamprel,^
the Salmon, or the Lax, 5. Salmo, (Esox) 5.
Danturetiam volatiles,6.
There are also fish that

Add

flie, 6.

Herrings,

Adde

7.

Haleces,

7.

which arebroughtpickled,
and Place, 8. and Cods, 9.
which are brought dry;
and the Sea monsters,

qui adferuntur arefacti

& monstra marina,

the Seal.

Phocam,

and the

10.

Shell-fish,

The

have Shells.

Oyster, 12.

10.

Murex,

Purple-fish, 13.

purpuram

others, Pearls, 14.

Alii, 14.

Margaritas.

XXX

Man.

Adam,

Asellis,g.

Ostrea, 12.

purple;

The

cum

Passeres,S.

dat sapidam carnem.

affordeth sweet meat.

The

&

salsi,

Hippopotamu?n, &c.
Concha, n. habet testas,

Sea-horse, &c.
1 1

qui

1.

the

first

Man.

Adamus,

1.

primus Homo,

44 J

was made by God after

own Image the sixth

day of the Creation, of a

formatus est a Deo

ad Imaginem suam
sexta die Creationis,

lump of

his

And
the

first

of the

Earth.

Eve,

Gleba Terrae.
Et Eva,

2.

Woman, was made prima

Rib of the Man.

2.

mulier,

formata est e costa

viri.

Hi, seducti

These, being tempted

by the Devil under the

abolo

sub specie

shape of a Serpent, 3.
when they had eaten of the

Serpentis, 3.

fruit of the forbidden Tree,

de fructu

4. were condemned, 5.
to misery and death,

damnati sunt, 5.
ad miseriam & mortem,

with

vetitoz arboris, 4.

cum omni posteritate

& ejecti e Paradiso 6.

all their posterity,

and cast out of Paradise,

cum comederent

6.

sua,

XXXVII.
The Seven Ages of Man.

Septem yEtates Hominis.

A Man is first an Infant,

.
|

Homo est primum

Infans, 1

(45)
then a Boy, 2.
then a Youth, 3.
then a Young-man,

deinde Puer,

inde Juvenis,
then a Man, 5.
posted Fir, 5.
after that an Elderly-man,f>. dehinc Sen ex,

and

4.

tandem

at last, a decrepid old

man,

2.

turn Adolesccns,

3.

4.

6.

Silicernium,

7.

7.

So also

A
A

Woman,

an

elderly

Sic etiam in altero Sexu,

in the other Sex,

there are, a Girl, 8.

JDamosel, 9. a Maid,
1 1

sunt, Pupa, 8.
Pit ella, 9. Virgo,

10.

Mulicr,

Woman, 12. and

Woman, 13.

1 1

10.

Vetida, 12.

Anus

a decrepid old

decrcpita, 13.

XXXVIII.
The Outward Parts of

Membra Hominis
The Head,
the .Z^/,

20.

1. is above,
below.

Man.

Externa.

Caput, 1. est supra,

infra Pedes, 20.

<&)
Neck

the fore part of the

(which ends

at

the Arm-holes, 2.)

is the Throat, 3. the
hinder part, the Crag,

The

Breast,

5, is

behind
Women have in it
two Dugs, 7.
with Nipples,
the back,

6,

Under
is

in Axillas, 2.)
est "Jugulum,
4.

before;

the Navel,

binae

Mammoz,

cum

Papillis.

est Venter, g.
in ejus medio,

10.

Umbelicus, 10.
11.

subtus Inguen,
& pudenda.

Shoulder-blades, 12.

are behind the back,

on which the Shoulders

depend,

illo

7.

Sub pectore

it

underneath the Groyn,

and the privities.

The

Dorsum, 6. retro;
Foeminis sunt in

9.

middle of

3.

posterior Cervix, 4.
Pectus, 5. est ante;

the Breast

the Belly,

in the

Anterior pars Colli

(quod desit

13.

Scapula,

11.

12.

sunt a tergo,
a quibus pendent humeri,
'3-

on these the Arms, 14.

with theFlbqw, 5. andthen
on either side the Hands,
the right, 8. and the left, 16.
1

The Loyns

ab his Brachia,

cum

14.

inde ad
utrumque Latus, Manus,
Dexter a, 8. & Sinistra, 16.
Lumbi, 17.
excipiunt Humeros,
Cubito, 15.

are next the Shoulders,

with the Hips, 18.
cum Cox is, 18.
and in the Breech,
& zVz Bodice, (culo)
the Buttocks, 19.
Nates, 19.
These make the Foot;
Absolvunt Pedem
the Thigh, 21. then the Teg, Femur, 21. turn Cr?/.?, 23.
23.
(the Knee, being be- {Genu, 22. intermedio.)
;

twixt them,
in

which

is

22.)

the Calf, 24.

with the Shin, 25.

then the Ankles, 26.
the Heel, 27.
and the Sole, 28.
in the very end,
the great Toe, 29.
with four (other) Toes.

in

quo Sura,

cum

24.

Tilla, 25.

abhinc Tar//, 26.

C#Z#, (Calcaneum)

&

Solum, 28.

in

extremo

Hallux,

27.

29.

cum quatuor

Digitis.

( AT )

XXXIX.
The Head and

In the

Head

the Hair,
is

are

Capillus,

combed

(qui pectitur

2.)

Pec tine,
Aures,

3.

the Temples, 4.
and the ^aw, 5.
In the Face are
the Fore-head,
both the Eyes,

the Nose,

In Capite sunt

i.

(which
with a Comb,

two Ears,

Caput & Manus.

the Hand.

6.
7.

8.

(with two Nostrils)

the Mouth, 9.

1.

2.)

3.

binae,

& Temp ora, 4.

Facies,

5.

In facie sunt

Frons,

6.

Oculus,

7.

Nasus,

8.

uterque,

(cum duabus Naribus)

Os, 9.

the Cheeks, 10.

Gence, (Malac) 10.

and the CfoVz,

The Mouth

& Mentum, 13.

Os septum est

13.

fenced
with a Mustacho, 11.

and

Z*)>.r,

12.

is

Mystace,

& Za

bit's,

1 1

12.

Tongue and a Palate,

and

Teeth, 16.

Lingua

cum

Palato,

Dentibus, 16.
in Maxilla.

in the Cheek-bone.

Mentum

Man's Chin

virile

covered with a Beard,\^. tegitur Barba,

Oculos vero
and the Eye

is

(in which is the White

and the Apple)

&

with

palpabris,

eye-lids,

and an

(in

&

eye-brow, 15.

The Hand being closed

is

a Fist, 17.

14.

quo Albugo

Pupilld)

sitpercilio, 15.

Manus contracta,
Pugnus,

17. est

a Palm, 18.
aperta, Palma,
being open
in the midst, is the hollow, in medio Ftf/tf,
19. of the Hand,
is

the extremity

is

the

Pollex, 20.

the Fore-finger, 2
the Middle-finger, 22.
the Ring-finger, 23.

Lndiee, 2

and the Little-finger,

In every one are

&

cum quatuor

1 .

three joynts,
as

with a

a. b. c.

19.

extremitas,

Thumb, 20.
with four Fingers,

and

18.

24.

Digitis,

1 .

Medio, 22.
Annulari, 23.
Auriculari, 24.

In quolibet sunt
articuli tres, a. b. c.

many knuckles, d.e.f. & totidem Condyli,

cum Ungue, 25.
Nail, 25.

d. e.

f.

f 49

The Flesh and Bowels.

XL

Caro & Viscera.

In the Body are the Skin

In Corpore sunt Cutis
cum Mem bran is,
with the Membranes,
the Flesh with the Muscles, Caro cum Musculis,

the Chanels,
the Gristles,
the Bones and the Bowels.

Canales,
Cartilagines,
Viscera.
Ossa

&

The

Skin, i. being pull'd

Cute, 1. detracta,
off, the Flesh, z. appeareth, Caro, 2. apparet,
non continua massa,
not in a continual lump,
sed distributa,
but being distributed, as
it were in stuft puddings,
tanquam in farcimina,
which they call Muscles,
quos vocant Musculos,

whereof therearereckoned
four hundred and five, being the Chanels of the Spirits, to move the Members.

The Bowels are the

ward Members
As in the Head,

in-

quorum numerantur
quadringenti quinque,
canales Spirituum,

ad

movendum Membra.
Viscera sunt

terna

the

Ut

Membra

in CdL^>\te,Cerebrum,

being compassed circumdatum Cranio,

about with a Skull, and
Brains,

3.

in-

&

3.

(So)
the Skin which covereth
Pericranio.
the Skull.
In the Breast, the Heart,
In Pectore, Cor, 4.
obvolutum Pericardio,
4. covered with a thin
Skin about it, and theLungs, & Pultno, 5.
5.

breathing to and

fro.

In the Belly,
the Stomach, 6.
and the Guts, 7.
covered with a Caul.

The
and

Liver, 8.
in the left side

oppo-

the Milt, 9.
the two Kidneys, 10.
and the Bladder, 11.
The Breast
is divided from the Belly
by a thick Membrane,
which is called
the Mid-riff, 12.
site against

it,

The Chanels and Bones.

The Chanelsof the Body

respirans.
In Ventre,
Ventriculus, 6.

&

Intestina, 7.

obducta Omento.
Jecur, (Hepar) 8.

&

a sinistro oppositus

ei Lien, 9.

duo

Penes, 10.

cum

Vesica,

11.

Pectus
dividitur a Ventre
crassfi

Membran,

quae vocatur

Diaphragma,

XLI.

are
|

12.

Canales

&

Ossa.

Canales Corporis sunt

(Si)
Vence deferentes
the Veins, carrying
the Blood from the Liver; Sanguinem ex Hepate
The Arteries (carrying)
Arterice, Calorem
Heart and Life from the & Vitam e Corde ;

Heat j

The Nerves (carrying)

Nervi, Sen sum
Sense and Motion
et Motum, per
throughout the Body from Corpus a Cerebro.
the Brain.

You

Invenies haec

shall find these

three,

1.

everywhere

tria,

1.

ubique sociata.

joined together.
Besides, from the Mouth
into the Stomach is
the Gullet, 2. the
way of the meat and drink;
and by it to the Lights, the
Wezand, 5. for breathing;
from the Stomach to the

Anus is

a great Intestine, 3.

purge out the Ordure ;

from the Liver to the
to

Bladder, the Ureter,

4.

making water.
The Bones are
Head, the

Ventriculum

Gula, 2.
via cibi ac potus &
juxta hanc, ad Pulmonem
Guttur,$. pro respiratione
a ventriculo ad Anum
;

Colon,

3.

ad excernendum Stercus;
ab Hepate ad Vesicam,
Ureter,

4.

reddendae urinae.
Ossa sunt

for

in the

Porro, ab Ore
in

Skull, 6.

the two Cheek-bones,"].

with thirty-two Teeth, 8.
Then the Back-bo?ie, 9.
the Pillar of the Body,
consisting of thirty-four
turning Joints, that the

in Capite, Calvaria, 6.
duae Max illce, 7. cum

XXXII.

Dentibus,

8.

Turn, Spina dorsi, 9.

columna Corporis,
constans ex XXXIV.
Vertebris, ut

Corpus

Body may bend it self.

The Ribs, 10. whereof

queat flectere se

there are twenty-four.

quarum

Costa;, 10.

viginti quatuor.
Os Pectoris,
Breast-bone, 11.
the two Shoulder-blades, 12. duae Scapula?, 12.
the Buttock-bone, 13.
Os sessibuli, 13.
the bigger' Bone in the
Lacerti, 15.

The

Arm,
the

15
lesser

and
Bone

in the

Arm. &

Ulna.

1 .

The

^)
Tibia, 14.

Thigh-bone, 14.

the foremost, 16.

and the hindmost Bone,
in the Leg, 17.

The Bones

Fibula, 16. anterior,

&

posterior, 17.

Ossa Manus,

of the Hand,

are thirty-four, and

of the Foot, 19. thirty.

The Marrow

is

18.

sunt triginta quatuor,

18.

Pedis,

19.

triginta.

Medulla est

in the

in

Ossibus,

Bones.

XLII.

The Outward and Inward Senses.

There are
Senses

The

Sensus externi & interni.

outward
Sunt quinque externi

five

Sensus

Eye,

1.

seeth Col-

ours, what is white or

black, green or blew,

red or yellow.
The Ear, 2. heareth

Oculus,

1.

quid album

videt Colores,
vel atrum,

viride vel coeruleum,

rubrum aut luteum, sit.

Sounds, both natural,

Auris, 2. audit Sonos,

turn naturales,

Voices and Words;

and artificial,

turn artificiales,

Voces & Verba;

(53)
Musical Tunes.

Tonos Musicos.

The

smells and stinks.

Nasus, 3, olfacit
odores & foetores.

The Tongue, 4. with the

roof of the Mouth tastes
Savours, what is sweet or

gustat Sapores, quid

dulce aut amarum, acre

Nose,

3.

scenteth

Lingua,

cum

4.

Palato

keen or biting, sow- aut acidum, acerbum aut

austerum.

bitter,

er or harsh.

The Hand,

5.

by touch-

ing discerneth the quantity and quality of things;

and cold,
moist and dry,
hard and soft,
smooth and rough,
heavy and light.

the hot

the
the

the
the

The inward

Senses are

Manus,

tangendo

5.

dignoscit quantitatem,

&

qualitatem rerum
& frigidum,
humidum & siccum,

calidum

durum & molle,

laeve & asperum,
grave & leve.
Sens us in tern i sunt tres.

three.

The Common Sense, 7.

under the forepart of the
head, apprehendeth
things taken from
the outward Senses.
The

Phantasie,

6.

Sensus Communis,

sub

7.

sincipite

apprehendit
res perceptas
a Sensibus externis.
6.

Phantasia,

under the crown of the head sub vertice,

dijudicat res istas,
judgeth of those things,
thinketh and dreameth,
cogitat, somniat.
The Memory, 8.
Memoria, 8.
under the hinder part of the sub occipitio,
head,\a.yeth up every thing recondit singula
and fetcheth them out
& depromit
it loseth some,
deperdit quaedam,
and this is forgetful'ness.
& hoc est oblivio.
:

Sleep, is

the rest of the Senses.

Somnus,
est requies

Sensuum.

The Soul

Anima

of Man.

hominis.

The Soul is the Life of

Anima est vita
the Body, one in the whole. corporis, una in toto.
Tan turn Vegetativa in
Only Vegetative i n Plants;
Plantis
Withal Sensitive in AniSimul Sensitiva in Animals ;
?nalibus ;
;

And

Etiam Rationalis

also rational in

in

Ho mine.

Men.
This consisteth

Haec consistet

in three

things;
In the Understanding,

whereby it judgeth
and understandeth
a thing good and evil,

in tribus:

In Mente (Intellectu)
qua cognoscit,

& intelligit,
bonum ac malum,

or true, or apparent.
In the Will,
whereby it chooseth,

velverum, vel apparens.

and

&

desireth,

or rejecteth, and misliketh a thing known.

In the Mind,

whereby

it

pursueth

In Voluntate,

qua

eligit,

concupiscit,
aut rejicit,
& aversatur cognitum.

In Animo,

quo prosequitur

the

Good chosen

ss)

or avoid-

eth the Evil rejected.

Hence

is

Bonum
Hinc

Hope and Fear

in the desire,
dislike.

aversatione

in the Fruition:

But Anger and

in fruitione

thing

is

in passione.

is

Vera cognitio

judgment of a

Knowledge

the false,

Sed Ira ac Dolor,

Grief,

in suffering.

Hinc Amor & Gaudiwn,

Hence is Love and Joy

true

Malum rejectum.
& Timor,

Spes

in cupidine,

&

and

The

electum,

vel fugit

rei,

est Scicntia ;

Error,

falsa,

Opinion and Suspicion.

Error,

Opinio, Suspicio.

XLIV.
Deformed and Monstrous People.

Deformes & Monstrosi.

Monstrous and

de-

formed People are those

which differ in the Body
from the ordinary shape,

Monstrosi,

&

deformes sunt
abeuntes corpore
a communi forma,

as the

the

huge Gyant,
Dwarf, 2.

^)
immanis Gigas,
nanus (Pumilio), 2.

ut sunt,

i.

little

One with
One with

two Bodies, 3.
two Heads, 4.
and such like Monsters.

Bicorpor,

Amongst
The jolt-headed, 5.
The great nosed, 6.
The blubber-lipped, 7.
The blub-cheeked, 8.
The goggle-eyed, 9.
The wry- ?iecked, 10.
The great-throated, 1
The Crump-backed, 12.
The Crump-footed, 13.
The steeple-crowned, 1 5
oned,

Capito, 5.
JVaso, 6.

Labeo,

7.

Bucco,

8.

Strabo,

9.

Obstipus, 10.

Strumosus,

Gibbosus, 12.
1

Loripes,
CV/<?,

add

monstra.

His accensentur,

these are reck-

3.

Biceps, 4.
& id genus

15.

adde

to these

The

Bald-pated, 14.

The

Dressing- of Gardens.

Calvastrum,

14.

XLV.

We have
Now let us

Hortorum

cultura.

seen Man:
Vidimus hominem
go on to Man's Jam pergamus
|

(SI
living,

and to Ha ?idy- craftwhich tend to it.

Trades,

ad Victutn hominis,

& ad

Artes Mcchanicas, quae

hue

faciunt.

The

first

The

Gardener,

diggeth in a Garden-plot,
with a Spade, 2.
or Mattock, 3.

and maketh Beds, 4.

and places wherein to
plant Trees, 5.
on which he setteth
Seeds

and

Plants.
Tree- Gardener,

The

planteth Trees,
in an Orchard,

and grafteth
in Stocks,

He

Primus & antiquissimus

and most an-

cient sustenance, were the

Fruits of the Earth.
Hereupon the first labour of Adam, was
the dressing of a garden.

6.

7.

Victus,

erant

Bruges

Terra'.

Hinc primus Labor

Adami,
Horti cultura.
Hortulanus (Olitor),
fodit in Viridario,

Ligone,

2.

aut Bipalio, 3.
facitque Pulvinos,
ac Plantaria, 5.

quibus inserit
Semina & Plantas.
Arborator, 6.
plantat Arbores, 7.
in Pomario,

Cyons, 8.

inseritque Surculos, 8.
Viviradicibus, 9.

9.

fenceth his Garden,

either by care,
with a mound, io.
or a Stone -wall, 1 1.
or a rail, 2.

Sepit

hortum

vel Cura,

Muro,

10.

Ma

aut
eerie, 1 1.
aut Vacerra, 12.
aut
lands, 13.
aut Sepc, 14.

or Pales, 13.
or a Hedge, 14.

made

flex si e sudibus

and

&

of Hedge-stakes,
bindings ;

Or by

15.

vitilibus ;

Vel Natura

Nature, with

Brambles and Bryers,

Dumis & Vepribus,

Ornatur

beautified
with Walks. 16.

Antbulacris, 16.

and

&

It is

Galleries, 17.

It is

watered

with Fountains,

and

4.

Pergulis,

Rigatur
18.

a Watering-pot, 19.

Fontanis,

8.

& Harp agio,

19.

15.

1.

Agricultura.

The Plow-man,
yoketh Oxen,
to a Plough,

Arator,

i.

jungit Boves,

3.
2.

Aratro,

and holding the Plow- stilt, &

4. in his left hand,

and the Plow -staff,

3.

2.

tenet)

Stivam,

4.

laeva,

Railinn,

5.

5.

in his right hand,

dextra,

with which he removeth

qua amovet

Clods, 6.

Glebas,

6.

he cutteth the Land,

scindit terram
(which was manured afore (stercoratam antea
Pimo, 8.)
with Dung, 8.)
Vomere, 7.
with a Share, 7.

and a Coulter,
and maketh furrows,

Then he
the Seed,

et P) en tali,
9.

soweth

10.

and harrovveth it in
with a Harrow, 1.
1

The

Reaper, 12.
sheareth the ripe corn
with a Sickle, i3.gathereth up the handfuls, 14.

facitque Sulcos,
Turn seminal

9.

Semen, 10.
inoccat

&

CV<:a,

Messor, 2
merit fruges maturas
Pa Ice messoris, 13.
1

colligit Manipulos, 14.

r 59

andbindeththe^//mer5,

The

it

18.

colligat Mergetes, 15.

Tritor, 16.

triturat

Bam -floor,

with a Flayl,

&

16.

Thrasher,
thrasheth Corn

on the

15.

y>

tosseth

frumentum

y^rm Horrei,

in

17.

17.

Flagello (tribula), 18.

in a winnowing-basket, jo. jactat ventilabro, 19.

and so when the Chaff,

and the Straw, 20.
are separated from it, he
putteth

it

into Sacks,

12.

The Mower, 22.

maketh Hay in a Meadow,
cutting

with a

down
.&'///<?,

Grass

23.

atque

&

ita

Paled

Stramine, 20.

separata,

congerit in Saccos, 21.

Fceniseca, 22.
facit

Fmium

Fake fcena ria

and raketh it together

with a Rake, 24. and

Rastro, 24.

maketh up

componit

Cocks, 26.

in Prato,

desecans Gramen
,

23.

corraditque
Acervos, 26.

Furca, 25. &

fork, 25, and
carrieth it on Carriages, 27. convehit Vehibus, 27.
in Foe nile, 28.
into the Hay-barn, 28.

with

a.

Grasing.

XLVII.

Pecuaria.

(Go)
Tillage of ground,

and keeping Cattle,

was in old time the care
of Kings and Noble-men
at this

Day only

of the

meanest sort of People.

&

Cultus Agrorum,
res pecuaria,

antiquissimis temporibus,
;

erat cura Regum,Heroum;

hodie tantum infirmae

Plebis,

The

Neat-heard, i.
Bubulcus, 1.
calleth out the Heards, 2.
evocat Armenta, 2.
out of the Beast-houses, 3.
e Bovilibus, 3.
with a Horn, 4.
Buccina (Cornu), 4,
and driveth them to feed. & ducit pastum.

The

Shepherd,

5.

feedeth his Flock, 6.

being furnished with a
Pipe, 7. and a Scrip, 8.
and a Sheep-hook, 9.
having with him a great

Dog, 10.
fenced with a

Opilio (Pastor), 5.
pascit Gregem, 6.
instructus Fistula, 7.

&
ut

Pera, 8.
& Pedo,

q.

habens secum Molossuni,

10.

Collar, 11.

munitum

Millo, 11.

contra Lupos.
against the Wolves.
Swine, 12. are
Sues, 12. sagifed out of a Swine-Trough. nantur ex aqualiculo harce.

The Farmer 's

Wife, 13.

Villica, 13.

milketh the Udders

mulget Ubera

of the Cow, 15.

at the Cratch, 15.

vaccce, 14.

over a milk-pale,

16.

ad Prcescpe, 15.
super mulctra,

16.

and maketh Butter

of Cream

et facit

in a Churn, 17.

in Vase butyraceo, 17.

and

et Caseos, 18.

Cheeses, 18.

of Curds.

The

#W,

e Coagulo.

19.

shorn from Sheep,

whereof several Garments
are made.
is

Bufyrum

e _/&?/r lactis,

Lana, 19.
detondetur Ovibus,
ex qua, variae Vestes
conficiuntur.

(6i)
XLVIII.

The making

of Honey.

Mellificium.

The Bees send out

Apes emittunt
Examen, 1. adduntque

a swarm, i. and set over

it a Leader, 2.

Diicem (Regem),

Examen

That swarm
being ready to fly

away

is

recalled by the Tinkling

of a brazen Vessel, 3.

and

is

new Hive, 4.
They make little

Vasis

Alveari, 4.
Cellulas

Struunt

Cells

with six corners, 5. and

fill them with Honey-dew,

ccnei, 3.

includitur

novo

into a

illud,

avolaturum,
revocatur tinnitu

&

put up

sexangulares,

5.

et

complent eas

and make Combs, 6.

out of which the Honey

&

faciunt Favos,

runneth,

effluit, 7.

The

7.

Partitions being

melted by

fire,

turn into Wax,

8.

illi

2.

Mclligine,
6.

quibus Mel
Crates

liquati igne
in Ceram, 8.

abeunt

(62
Grinding.

In a Mill,

a Stone,

upon

2.

In

i.

runneth

a stone,

Wheel,

XLIX.

Mo la,

Lapis,

2.

currit

super lapidem,

3.

4.

./?<?/#,

turning them about

and grindeth Corn poured
in by a Hopper, 5,
and parteth the Bran, 6.
falling into the Trough,

7.

from the Meal slipping

through a Bolter, 8.
Such a Mill was first
a Hand-mill, 9.
then a Horse-mill, 10.
then a Water-mill, 11.
then a Ship-mill, 12.
andatlasta Wind- mill,

Molitura

3,

4.

circumagente, et
conterit grana infusa
per Infundibulum, 5.
separatque Furfurem,
decidentem in Cistam,
a Farina (Polline)

7.

elabente per Fxeussorium,8.

Talis Mola primum fuit

Manuaria, 9.
deinde Jumcntaria,
turn

&
13.

6.

A qua tic a,

10.

1 r.

Navalis, 12. tandem,

Alata (pneumatica), 13.

Panificium.

Bread-baking.

The

Baker,

sifteth the

i.

Pistor,

Meal

in a Rindge,

2.

and putteth

it

cernit

&

2.
(pollinario)
indit Mactra, 3.

&

Turn affundit aquam,

facit Massam, 4.

3.

Then he poureth water

and maketh Dough,
and kneadeth it
it

with a wooden slice,

Then he maketh
6.

Loaves,
Cimnels,

Cakes,

8.

4.

5.

7.

Rolls, 9,

depsitque
spatha,

&c.

the

Post imponit
Pake,

10.

ingerit

Fur no,

1.

12.
1

1.

per Prcefu rniu m,

12.

Sed prius eruit

and the Coals with ignem & Carbones

first

fire

lignea.

Panes, 6. Placentas, 7.
Similas, 8. Spiras, 9. &c.

and putteth them thorow &

the Oven-mouth,
into the Oven,

5.

Dein format

Afterwards he setteth
them on a Peel, 10.

But

Cribo,

into the

Kneading-trough,
to

Farinam

a Coal-rake,

hepullethout
13.

Rutabulo, 13.

f 64 ;

which he layeth on

heap quos congent

infra, 14.
underneath, 14.
Et sic Panis pinsitur
And thus is Breadbaked,
the
Crust
habens
extra Crustam, 15.
without,
having
15. and the Crumb with- intus Micam, 16.
in, 16.

Piscatio.

Fishing

The
eth

Fisher -man, 1. catcheither

fish,

on the

Piscator,

1.

captat

pisces, sive in littore,

Shoar, with an Hook, 2.

which hangeth by a Line

Hamo,

2.

qui pendet filo

from the angling-rod,
ab arundine,
on which the Bait sticketh; & cui Esca inhaeret;

or with a

or in a Boat, 5.
with a Trammel-net,
or with a Wheel,

which

is

sive Fundd,

Cleek-net, 3.

which hangeth on a Pole,

is put into the Water;

7.

laid in the

by Night.

4.

3.

quae pendens Pcrtica,

immittitur aquae
;

sive in Cymba,
6.

5.

Reti, 6.

sive Nassa,

7.

Water quae demergitur

per Noctem.

4.

Fowling.

Aucupium.

The Fowler, 1. maketh

a Bed, 2, spreadeth
a Bird-net, t,.

Auceps,
2.

Areavi,
1111

superstruit

Bete aucupatorium,

throweth a Bait, 4. upon

it, and hiding himself

& abdens

in a Hut,

in Latibulo,

5.

exstruit

1.

obsipat Escam,
se
5.

he allureth Birds,

allicit

by the chirping of Lurebirds, which partly hop

cantu Illicum,

upon the Bed, 6.

and are partly shut in

runt,

Cages,

7.

tangleth

and thus he enBirds that

fly

over, in his net whilst they

settle

Or

themselves down.
he setteth Snares, 8.

Aves,

qui partim in Area cur6.

partim inclusi sunt

7. atque ita obruit

Caveis,

transvolantes Aves Reti,

dum

se

Aut

demittunt

tendit Tendiculas,

on which they hang and

quibus suspendunt &

strangle themselves

suffocant seipsas

Or

setteth Lime-twigs, 9.

on a Perch,
G

10.

3.

4.

Aut exponit
amos,

9.

8.

Viscatos cal-

Amiti, 10.

(66

upon which if they sit

they enwrap their Feath-

quibus si insident,
implicant pennas,
ers, so that they cannot fly ut nequeant avolare,
away, and fall down to the & decidunt in terram.

ground.

Or he catcheth them
with a Pole, 1 1.
or a Pit-fall, 12.

Ant captat
Periled, 1 1
vel Decipuld,
.

The Hunter,

Venator,

1.

huntethwild Beasts

The

\.

venatur Feras,
dura cingit Sylvam,

whilst he besetteth a
Wood with Toyls, 2.
stretched out upon
Shoars,

2.

Venatus.

LIII.

Hunting.

Cassibus, 2.
tentis super

Varos,

3.

3.

(furcillas.)

Cam's sagax, 4.
th the wild Beast or find- vestigat Feram,
aut indagat odoratu
eth him out by the scent
the Tumbler,ox Greyhound, Vertagus, 5.
Beagle,

4.

track-

5.

pursueth

it.

persequitur.

The

Wolf,
falleth in a Pit,

Lupus,
6.

incidit in Foveam,6.

(67)
the Stag, 7. as he runneth
away, into Toyls.

The Boar,

is

Aper,

If
it

9.

Hare and

tunditur

Clavd,

12. as

9.

10.

Ursus,

mordetur a Canibus,

any thing get away,

escapeth,

8.

Venabulo,

&

knocked

with a Club,

7.

Flagas.

transverberatur

bitten by Dogs,
is

in

8.

struck through
with a Hunting-spear,
The Bear, 10.

is

and

fugiens Cervus,

here

a Fox.

Si quid effugit,
evadit, 12. ut hie

Lepus

&

Vulpes.

Lanionia.

The

Butcher,

killeth/a/

(The

1.

Cattle, 2.

Z<?#//, 3.

are not

fit

to eat.)

He knocketh them down

with an Ax, 4.
or cutteth their Throat.

Lanio,

1.

mactat Pecudem
(Vescula,

altilem, 2.

3.

non sunt vescenda.)

Prosternit
Clavd, 4.
vel jugulat.

(68)
with a Slaughter-knife,
he flayeth them, 6.

Cunaculo,

5.

5.

excoriat (deglubit,)

6.

and cutteth them in pieces, dissecatque

and hangeth out the flesh & exponit carries,
to sell in the Shambles,
He dresseth a Swine,

with fire
or scalding water, 9.
and maketh Gamons,
1

Pistils,

and

7.

venum

10.

&

Praeterea Farcimina

Besides several Puddings,

varia, Faliscos, 13.

Chitterlings, 13.
loo dings, 1 4.

Apexabones, 14.
Tomacula, 15.

Liverings, 15.

Botulos, (Lucanicas) 16.

Sausages, 16.

Tallow,

18.

Cookery.

7^
1.

2.

9.

facit Pernas, 10.

Petasones, 1 1
& Succidias, 12.

1 .

.Ftf/,

7.

8.

igne,
vel aqua fervida,

Flitches, 12.

The

in Macello,

Glabrat Suem,

8.

17.

Adeps, 17. &

18. eliquantur.

and

are melted.

Sebum,

LV.

Coquinaria.

Yeoman of the Larder,

Promus Condus,
bringeth forth Provision, profert Obsonia, 2.
out of the Larder, 3.
e Penu, 3.

1.

f 69 ;

The Cook, 4. taketh them

Coquus, 4. accipit ea
and maketh several Meats. & coquit z>ar/a Esculenta.

He first pulleth off" the

Feathers and draweth the
Gutts out of the Birds, 5.
He
Fish,

scaleth

and

&

Prius deplumat,
exenterat ^e>-, 5.

Desquamat &

splitteth

exdorsuat

6.

He draweth some

flesh

with Lard, by means

of a Larding -nee die, 7.

He

Pisces, 6.

Trajectat quasdem carnes

Lardo, ope
Creacentri,

7.

caseth Hares, 8.
then he boileth them in

Lepores, 8. exuit,
turn elixat 0///V, 9.

9. and Kettles, 10.

on the Hearth, 11.
and scummeth them

&

with a Scummer,

Lingula,

Pots,

2.

He seasoneth things that

Cacabis, 10.
in /w<?,
1.
1

& despumat
1

2.

Condit elixata,
Aromatibus,

are boyled with Spices,

which he poundeth with a quae comminuit
Pes til, 14. in a Morter, 13. Pistillo, 14. in Mortario, 13.
or grateth with a. Grater, 15. aut terit JRaduld, 15.
He roasteth some on
Quaedam assat Verubus,
Spits, 16. and with a Jack, 16. & Auto ma to, 17.
17. or upon a Grid-iron, 18. vel super Craticulum, 18.
Or fryeth them
Vel frigit
in a Frying-pan, 19.
Sartagine, 19.
upon a Brand-iron, 20.
super Tripodcm, 20.
Kitchen utensils besides
F^jTrt! Coquinaria
prae-

are,

terea sunt,

a Coal-rake, 21.
a Chafing-dish, 22.
a 7V<?>', 23.

Rutabulum, 21.
Foculus (Ignitabulum), 22.
Trua, 23.

(in which Dishes, 24. and

Flatters, 25. are washed),

(in qua Catini, 24.

Patince, 25. eluuntur)

a pair of Tongs, 26.

a Shredding-knife, 27.
a Colander, 28.
a Basket, 29.
and a Besom, 30.

Forceps, 26.
Culter incisorius, 27.

&

Qualus, 28.

Corbis,

&

29.

Scopa, 30.

The Vintage

Vindemia.

Vinum crescit

Wine groweth
in the Vine-yard, i.
where Vines are propa-

ubi Vites propagantur,

gated and tyed with Twigs

&

in Vinea,

1.

alligantur viminibus
ad Arbores, 2.
vel ad Falos (ridicas), 3.
3.
or Frames, 4.
vel ad Juga, 4
When the time of Grape- Ciim tempus vindemigathering is come, they andi adest, abscindunt
cut off the Blenches,
Botros,
to Trees, 2.
or to Props,

and carry them

& comportant

in

Measures of three Bushels,

and throw them into

6. and tread them

Trinwdiis, 5.
a Vat, conjiciuntque in Lacum,6.
5

calcant

with their Feet, 7.

or stamp them
with a Wooden-Pestil, 8.
and squeeze out the juice
in a Wine-press,

which

is

Pedibus.

7.

aut tundunt
Ligneo Pilo,

1.

8.

& exprimunt succum

Torculari,

9.

called Must,

9.

qui dicitur Mustum,

11.

r 7i ;

and being received

& exceptum

in a great Tub, 10.

Orcd, 10.
infunditur

it is

poured into

it is

Vasis (Doliis), 12.

12.

Hogsheads,

stopped up,

and being

operculatur,

15.

laid close in Cel-

lars
it

upon Settles, 14.

becometh Wine.
It is drawn out of

(in

is

15.

in

Cellis,

super Canthcrios,
abit in Vinum.

Promitur

the

Hogshead, with a Cock,

or Faucet, 16.

which

& abditum

13.

Vessel being unbunged.

e Dolio

Siphone, 13.

aut Tubulo,

a Spigot) the

'(in

quo

16.

est Epistomium)

IVaserelito.

LVII.

Brewing.

14.

Zythopoie.

Where Wine is not to be

Ubi Vinum non habetur,
had they drink Beer,
bibitur Cerevisia (Zythus),
which is brewed of alt, 1. quae coquitur ex Byne, 1.
and Hops, 2.
& Lupulo, 2.

in a Caldron,

afterwards
into Vats,

4.

in Aheno,

3.

it is

poured

3.

post effunditur
in Lacus, 4.

( 72 ;

&

and when

it is cold,
carried in Soes,
into the Cellar, 6.
it is

and

is

frigefactum.
defertur Labris,

5,

5.

in Cellaria, 6.

put into Vessels.

&

intunditur vasibus.

Vinum subli/natum,
Brandy -wine,
extracted by the power of extractum vi Caloris
heat from dregs of Wine in e fecibus Vini in Aheno,
a Pan, 7. over which a Lim- cui Alembicum, 8.
beck, 8. is placed,
superimpositum est.
droppeth through a Pipe, 9. destillat per Tubum, 9.
into a Glass.

7.

in Vitrum.

Wine and Beer when

they turn sowre, become

Vinum & Cerevisia, cum

acescunt, fiunt Acettim.

Vinegar.

Of Wine and
Honey they make Mead.

a Feast

made

Convivium.

Cum

Convivium

ready,
the table is covered

apparatur,
Mensa sternitur

with a Carpet,

Tapetibus,

fac-

Mu Isum.

LVIII.

Feast.

When
is

Ex Vino & Melle

iunt

1.

and a Table-cloth,
by the Waiters,

n)
& Mappa,

2.

who

besides lay
the Trenchers, 3.
Spoons,
Knives,

with

Cochlearia, 4.
Cultros, 5
cum Fuscinulis, 6.

4.

5.

little

Forks,

Table-naphins,

6.

Mappulas,

7.

Bread, 8.
with a Salt-seller, 9.
Messes are brought

on a Plate.
The Guests being
brought in by the Zf^/,
T'/f?,

cum

their Hands
out of a Laver, 12.

or Ewer, 14.
over a Hand-basin,
or Bowl, 15.

and wipe them

on a Hand- towel,
then they

on

sit at

Salino, 9.

Fercula inferuntur
in Pa tint's, 10.
Artocrea, 19. in Lance.

19.

wash

7.

Pattern, 8.

in Platters, 10.

2.

a Tricliniariis,
qui praeterea opponunt
Discos (Orbes), 3.

1.

Convivae introducti
ab Hospite, 1 1
abluunt manus
.

e Gutturnio, 12.
vel Aquali, 14.
13.

super Malluvium,
aut Pclvirn,

13.

5.

terguntque

16.

Man tili,

16.

the Table turn assident Mensae

Chairs, 17.
Carver, 18.

per

breaketh up the good

Cheer, and divideth it.

Sedilia, 17.

Strue tor,

The

18.

deartuat dapes,

&

distribuit.

Embammata interponuntur
Sauces are set amongst
Boast-meat, in Sawcers, 20. Assutaris in Scutellis, 20.
The Butler, 21.
Pincerna, 21. infundit
filleth strong Wine
Temetuni,
ex Urceo, 25.
out of a Cruise, 25.
or Wine -pot, 26.
or Flagon, 27.
-

into Oz/Xs

or

22.

Glasses, 23.

which stand
on a Cupboard, 24. and
he reacheth them to the

vel Cantharo, 26.

vel Lagena, 27.
in Pocula, 22.
vel Vitrea, 23.

quae extant
in abaco, 24.

&

porrigit,

Master of the Feast, 28. who Convivatori, 28.

drinketh to his Guests.
qui propinat Hospitibus.

The Dressing of Line.

Line and

LIX.

Skives,

Tractatio Lini,

Linum &

Hemp

Cannabis,

macerata aquis,
et siccata rursum,

being rated in water,

and dryed again, i.
are braked
with a wooden Brake, 2.

where the

7\)

Frangibulo ligneo, 2.
ubi Cortices, 3. decidunt

3. fall

carminantur

down, then they are hec-

turn

kled with an IronHeckle,

Carmine ferreo,

where the Tow,

is

1.

contunduntur

4.

ubi Stupa,

5.

4.

5.

parted from it.

separatur.
is tyed to a Distaff,
Linum purum alligatur

Flax

by the Spinster, 7.
which with her left hand

Nc trice,

6.

Colo, 6. a

pulleth out the Thread,

quae sinistra
t rah it Filum,

8.

and with her right hand

dextera,

turneth a Wheel, 9.
or a Spindle, 10. upon
which is a Wharl, u.

Rhomb urn

The Spool receiveth

the Thread, 13.

vel
in

8.

2.

(girgillum),

Fusum,

quo

7.

10.

Verticillus, 11.

Volva accipit
Fila, 13.

9.

( 7S J

which

is

drawn thence

inde deducuntur
in Alabrum, 14.
hinc vel Glomi,

upon a Yarn-windle, 14.

hence either Clews, 15.
are

wound

vel Fasciculi, 16. fiunt.

LX.

Weaving.

The

Clews,

diducit Glomos,

1.

into Warp,

in Stamen,

and wrappeth

it

&

about

the Beam, 2.
and as he sitteth
in his Loom,

Textura.

Textor

Webster

undoeth the

15.

glomerantur,

up,
or Hanks, 16. are made.

circumvolvit

JugO, 2.
ac sedens
in Textrino,

3.

3.

he treadeth upon the

calcat Insilia,

Treddles, 4. with his Feet.

pedibus.

He divideth

the Warp,

with Yarn.
and throweth the

4.

Diducit Stamen,

5.

5.

Liciis,

Shuttle, 6.

through, in which

is

Woofe,7ind striketh

it

the

&
in

trajicit

quo

Radium,
Trama,

est

close. ac densat.

6.

(^
with the

Pec tine,

Sley, 7.

and so maketh
Linen

atque

cloth, 8.

7.

ita conficit

Linteum, 8.
Sic etiam Pannifex

So also the Clothier

maketh Cloth of Wool.

facit

Linen Cloths.

Pannum

Lana.

LXI.

Lintea.

Linteamina

Linnen-webs

are bleached in the Sun,

insolantur,

1.

with Water poured on aqua perfusa, 2.

them, 2. till they be white. donee candefiant.

Of them the Sempster,

soweth Shirts, 4.
Handkirchcrs,

Bands,

5.

6. Gz/.y,

&c.

3.

Ex

iis

Sartrix,

3.

suit Lndusia, 4.

Muccinia,

5.

Collaria, 6. Capitia, &c.

These if they be fouled,

Haec, si sordidentur
are washed again
lavantur rursum,
a Lotrice, 7. aqua,
by the Laundress, 7. in
sive Lixivio ac Sapone.
or
and
water,
Lye
Sope.

The Taylor

Sartor.

The

Sartor, 1. discindit
Taylor, i. cutteth
with Shears, 3. and
annum, 2. Forfice, 3.
seweth it together with a consuitque
& i^'/b
Needle and double thread, 4. duplicato, 4.
Cloth,

2.

Then he presseth the

Posted complanat
Seams with a Pressing-iron, turas Ferramento, 5.
And thus he maketh
5.
Sicque conficit
Coats, 6.

with

Tunicas,
Plica tas,

Plaits, 7.

which the Border,

below with Laces, 9.
in

Cloaks, 10.

with a Gz/,

and

in

6.
7.

quibus infra est T^/w-

/7#, 8.

cum

Institis, 9.

Pallia, 10.
1.

Sleeve Coats, 12.

with Buttons,

cum Patagio, 1.
& Togas Manicatas,
1

Tho races,

Doublets, 13.

and C^>,

8. is

<S#-

14.

15.

Breeches, 16.

2.

13.

cum Globulis, 14.

& Manicis, 15.
Caligas, 16. ali-

sometimes with Pibbons,\j. quando cum

Lemniscis, 17.

Stochins, 18.

Tibialia, 18.

Gloves, 19.

Chirothecas, 19.

(1%)
Muntero Caps, 20. &c.
So the Furrier
maketh Furred Garments

Amiculu?n, 20. &c.

Sic Pellio

of Furs.

e Pellibus.

The Shoemaker.

The Shoemaker,
maketh Slippers, 7.

LXIII.

which

is

seen

Crepidas (San-

dal ia,)

Calccos,

A usee)

in feme Solea,

utrinque

Ocreas,

Foots, 9.

is

et

Shoes, 10.

cut with a

10.

5.

(quod discinditur
Scalp ro Sutorio, 6.)

Cutting-knife), 6.

and Ling el, 3.

upon a Last, 4.

9.

Perones,

e Corio,

5.

by means of an Awl,

8.

quibus spectatur
superne Obstragulum,

the Latchets)

(which

7.

(in

et

of Leather,

1.

conficit

above, the Upper-leather,

beneath the Sole,
ancTon both sides

and High

Sutor.

Sutor,

Shoes, 8.
(in

facit Pellicia

2.

Subuloz, 2.
et Fili/zVtf/z', 3.

ope

super Afodum,

4.

The Carpenter

Faber

ligrriarius.

We have seen Man's food Hominis victum & amiand clothing

now his ctum, vidimus: sequitur
nunc Domicilium ejus.
Dwelling followeth.
At first they dwelt
Primo habitabant
:

in Caves,

i.

then in

Booths or Huts, z.
and then again in Tents,
at the last in Houses.

in Specubus,

deinde in

1.

Tabernaculis vel Tuguriis,z.

3.

turn etiam in

demum

The Woodman

Ten tor it's,

3.

in Domibus.

Lignator

and heweth down sternit & truncat

Ar bores, 5. Securi, 4.
Trees, 5. with an Ax, 4.
the Boughs, 6. remaining. remanentibus Sarmentis,
felleth

He cleaveth Knotty Wood

with a Wedge, 7.
which he forceth
with a Beetle, 8.

and maketh

The

Lignum Cuneo,
in

Wood-stacks,

7.

quern adigit
Tudite, 8.
9.

& componit

Strues, 9.

Faber Lignarius

Carpenter

squareth Timber
with a Chip-Ax,

Findit Nodosum,

ascit Ascia, 10.

10.

Materiem,

6.

(So
whence
saweth

Chips,
it

n.

and unde

fall,

with a Saw,

where the Saw- dust,

down.

12.

13.

falleth

&

Assulce, 11.

cadunt,

serrat Serrd, 12.

ubi Scobs,

13.

decidit.

Afterwards he lifteth
Post elevat
thejBeam upon Tressels, 14. Tig man super Canterios,
by the help of a Pully, 15. ope Trochlea;, 15.
fasteneth

it

4*

affigit

with Cramp-irons, 16.

and marketh it out
with a Line, 17.
Thus he frameth

Ansis, 16.

the Walls together,

Parictes, 18.

&

lineat

Amussi,

17.

Turn compaginat

18.

and fasteneth the great

&

pieces with Pins,

Clavis trabalibus, 19.

19.

LXV.

The Mason.

The Mason,

1.

configit trabes

Faber Murarius

Faber Murarius,

I.

layeth a Foundation,
ponit Fundan/entum,
& struit Muros, 2.
and buildeth Walls, 2.
Either of Stones
Sive e Lapidibus,
which the Stone-digger get- quos Lapidarius
eruit in Lapicidina, 3.
teth out of the Quarry, 3.

(%x
and the

&

Stone-cutter, 4.

squareth by a Rule,

Latomus,

4.

conquadrat ad Normam,

5.

Or

of Bricks, 6.
which are made

Sive e Lateribus,
qui formantur,

of Sand and Clay

steeped in water,

ex Arena

it

with Lime,

a Wheel-barrow, 3.
before him, (having

on

&

7.

vestit Teetorio, 8.

LXVI.

One can carry

much by thrusting

an Harness,

ope Trulhc,

S.

Engines.

as

aqua
& excoquuntur igne.
Dein crustat
Calcc,

by means of a Trowel,
and garnisheth with a
Rough-east,

Luto,

intritis

and are burned in fire.

Afterwards he plaister
eth

&

5.

6.

4.

Unus

Machinae.

potest ferre

tantum trudendo
Pabonem,
ante se,

3.

hanging
(siErumna,
two men jSuspensa a Collo) quanturn duo possunt ferre
Colestajf, 1.

his neck,) as

czn carry on a.
or Hand-barrow,

2.

-Palangd, vel Feretro,

2.

f 82 ;

But he can do more that Plus autem potest qui prorolleth a Weight laid upon volvit Molem impositam
with a Leaver,
Wind-beam, 7.

Rollers, 6.

A
is

a post, which

5.

is

turned by going about

Crane; 8.
hath a Hollow-wheel,

it.

Phalangis (Cylindris, 6.)

Vccte, 5.
Ergata, 7.
est columella, qua;
versatur circumeundo.
Geranium, 8.
habet Tympanum,

cui inambulans quis

which one walking
draweth weights out of a extrahit pondera navi,
Ship, or letteth them down aut demittit in navem.

in

into a Ship.

A
is

Rammer,

Fistuca, 9.

9.

used to fasten

Piles, 10.
it is lifted

drawn by

adhibetur ad

with a Rope

P allies,

11.

or with hands,
if it

have handles,

12.

1.

before the Door

of the House.

adtollitur Fune
tracto per Trochleas, 11.
vel manibus,
si

habet ansas,

12.

LXVII.

House.

The Porch,
is

pangendum

Sublicas, 10.

Domus.

Vestibulum,
est ante

Domus.

1.

Januam

rs 3

The Door hath

Threshold,

Janua habet
Limen,

z.

and a Lintel, 3.
and Posts, 4. on both

sides.

The Hinges, 5.
upon the right hand,
upon which the Doors, 6.

are

hang, the Latch,

&
&

2.

Superliminare,

Car dines,

5.

sunt a dextris,
a quibus

pendent Fores,

Claustrum, 7.
aut Pessulus,
a sinistris.

7.

and

the Bolt, 8.
are on the left hand.

3.

Postes, 4. utrinque.

Before the House

6.

8.

Sub aedibus

a Fore-court, 9.
with a Pavement

Pavimento

of square

Tessellato,

est Cavcedium,

is

stones, 10.

9.

o.

born up with Pillars, 11. fulcitum Columnis, 11.

in which is the Chapiter, 12. in quibus Peris tyliu m,
& Basis, 3.
and the Base, 13.

12.

into the up-

They go up

per Stories by Greess,

and

14.

Winding-stairs, 15.

The Windows,

16.

appear on the outside,

and the

Grates, 17.

the Galleries, 18.

the Watertables, 19.
the Butteresses, 20.
to bear up the walls.

On

the top

or Shingles,

14.

Tyles, 22.

23.

&

Cocklidia, 15.

Fenestra, 16.
apparent extrinsecus,

& Cancelli (clathra), 17.

Pergulie, 18.
Suggrundia,

19.

&

Fulcra, 20.
fulciendis muris.

the Poo/, 21.

is

covered with

Ascenditur in superiores
contignationes per Scalas,

In

summo est

Tectum, 21.

contectum Lmoricious
ulis), 22.

(teg-

vel Scandulis, 23.

which lie upon Laths, 24. quae incumbunt Tigillis,

and these upon Rafters, 25. 24. haec Tig n is, 25.
The Eaves, 26.
TVr/V? adhaeret
Stillicidiu m, 26.
adhere to the Roof.
The place without a Roof
Locus sine Tecto
is called an open Gallery, 27. dicitur Subdiale, 27.
In the Roof are
In Tecto sunt
Meniana, 28.
Jet'tings out, 28.

and

Pinnacles, 29.

&

Coronides, 29.

(84

LXVIII.

Mine.

Miners, 1.
go into the Grave,

by a

Stick,

i/ice,

with Lanthorns,

that the
12.

thrown

forced with

Metal may
the Dross,

aside.

3,

6.

terrain Metallicam,

to the Melting-house, 10.

out,

Bacillo,

cum Lucernis, 5.
& effodiunt Ligone,

5.

the Oar,

it is

2.

sive Gradibus, 4.

which being put in Baskets

7. is drawn out with a Rope,
8. by means of a
Turn, 9.
and is carried

where

1.

ingrediuntur Puteuvi fod-

4.

and dig out with

6.

Metallifodina.

Metalli fossores,
2.

3.

or by Ladders,

Pick,

fire,

quae imposita Corbibus,

extrahitur Fune, 8.

ope Machiruc.

&

is

traetorioe, 9.

defertur

in Ustrinam, 10.
ubi urgetur igne,

run ut Metalluni,
11.

7.

Scor'ue, 11.

scorsim.

12.

profluat
abjiciuntur

r 85 )

LXIX.

The Blacksmith.

Faber Ferrarius.

rw

The Blacksmith, 1.
in his Smithy (or Forge),
bloweth the fire
with

a.

pair of Bellows,

Faber ferrarius,
2.

Feet, 4.

then he taketh

out with the Tongs,

where the

And

Fede, 4.
atq; itacandefacit Ferrum:

Deinde eximit

it

Forcipe,

5.

layeth it upon the Anvile,

and striketh it

with an Hammer,

6.

7.

sparks, 8. fly

off".

thus are hammer'd

out, Nails, 9.
Horse-shoes, 10.
Cart-strakes,

1 1

5.

imponit IncuJi,

6.

&

cudit
Malleo, 7.
ubi Stricturce,

8.

exiliunt.

Et sic excuduntur,
Clavi, 9.

So lea,

10.

Canthi.

Chains, 12.
Plates, Locks

2.

quern adtollit

and so heateth the Iron

And

Folle, 3.

3.

which he bloweth
with his

in Ustrina (Fabricd),
inflat ignem

Catencc,

and Keys,

Hinges, &c.

He quencheth
in a Cool-trough.

hot Irons

Lamince, Senecxxxw Clavibus,

Cardines, &c.

Restinguit cadentia,

Ferramenta

in Lacu.

86 )

LXX.
The Box-maker and the Turner.

Scrinarius

The Box-maker,

&

Tornator.
Arcularius,

i.

smootheth hewen Boards,

with a Plain, 3.

2.

Runcina,

fasteneth

them together

Planula,

and maketh

Boards,

9.

5.

Terebra,

6.

sculpit Cultro,

&c.

7.

combinat

&

facit

&

Subscudibus, 8.

Tabu las,

Mensas, to.
Arcus (Cistas),

10.

Chests, 11.

The

Tables,

4.

perforat (terebrat)

with G/ew a.nd Cramp-irons. Glutine

8.

2.

3.

in Tabula,
upon a work-board, 4. he
maketh them very smooth deplanat

with a little-plain, 5.
he boreth them thorow
with an Augre, 6. carveth them with a Knife, 7.

1,

edolat Assercs,

9.

11.

Turner, 1 2
Tornio, 12.
sitting over the Treddle,i$. sedens in Insili, 13.
turneth with a Throw, 15. tornat Tor no, 15.
.

&c.

rs 7
upon

Turners Bench,

Bowls,

14.

16. Tops, 17,

Puppets, 18.

Icunculas, 18.

such like Turners Work.

Tots, 4.

Pitchers, 5.

1.

sedens super Rota,

format Ollas, 4.
5.

Patinas,

7.

8.

Ftf.crt

7.

testacca, 8.

Fidelias, 9.

9-

Znft, 10. &c.

of Potter

Toreumata.

Tripodcs, 6.

Pudding-pans,

IAs^i

2.

Clay, 3.

Ope re ula, 10. &c.

ex ArgilId, 3.

afterwards he baketh them postea excoquit

in Fur no,
in an (9zv//, 1 1.
1.
1

and glazeth them

&

incrustat

with White Lead.

Lithargyro.
A broken Pot affordeth Fracta Olla dat
Pot-sheards, 12.

17.

Fi^ulus.

Urceos,

6.

Platters,

m ilia

Pig u las,

1.

sitting over a Wheel,

Pipkins,

si

Conos,
&

LXXI.

The Potter

maketh

super Scam no Tornatorio,

14. Globos, 16.

and

The /V^r,

Tcstas,

2.

2.

(SS

The Parts of a House

House

the Stove,

LXXII.

1.

ut sunt Atrium,

1.

2.

CV/Az Penuaria, 4.

Cccfiaculum,

4.
5.

Bed Chamber, 7. with

Privy, 8. made by it.

the

Baskets,

distinguitur

Hypocaustunt,
3.

the Dining Room,

the Gallery, 6.

Domus

in Conclavia,

2.

the Kitchen,
the Buttery,

Partes

Domus

divided

is

into inner Rooms,

such as are the Entry,

Camera,

cum

6.

5.

Cubiculum,

7.

Secessu (Latrina),

8.

adstructo.

Corbes, 9.

9.

are of use for carrying

things.
and Chests, 10. (which are

inserviunt rebus
transferendis,

made fast with

(quae Clava, 11. recluduntur) adfervandis illis.

for

keeping them.

Under
is

a -Key, 11.)

the Roof,
the Floor, 2.
In the Yard, 13.

is a

JfW/, 14.

a Stable,

15.

Arcce, 10.

Sub

Tecto, est

(Pavimentum),
In Area, 13.
Puteus, 14.
Stabulum, 15.

Solum
12.

and

(*9)
cum

a Bath, 16.

is

the Cellar,

Balnea,

16.

Sub Domo

Under the House

est Cella, 17.

17.

LXXIII.
The Stove with the Bed-room.

Hypocaustum cum Dormitorio.

The
is

Stove,

Hypocaustum
ornatur

1.

beautified

with an Arched Roof,

and wainscoted Walls,

&

It is

Its

Calefit

Fomacc,

5.

6.

Tables,

8.

with Tress els,

9.

Footstools, 10.

Cushions,

5.

Ejus Utensilia sunt

Scamna, 6.

Utensils are

Stools, 7.

and

Fenestris, 4.

heated

Benches,

tabulatis Parietibus, 3

Illuminatur

It is enlightened
with Windows, 4.

with an Oven,

2.

Laqucari,

3.

1
%

.
I

Sellcc, 7

Mensa,

cum

8.

Filler is, 9.

ac Sea bellis,

&

Culcitris,

10.
1 1

( go )

There are also

hanged,

For

Tapestries

soft

lodging

in a Sleeping-room, 13.
there is a Bed, 14.
spread on a Bed-sted, 15.

upon
with

a Straw -pad,
Sheets, 17.

and Cover -lids,

The
is

is

18.

Cervical, 19.
est sub capite.

covered
2

Where

Ma tula,

making water

Wells.

Canopeo, 20.
Lectus tegitur.

20.

Chamber-pot,

for

1 .

est vesicae levandae.

in.

LXXIV.

Springs are want-

ing, Wells, l.are digged.

and they are compassed

about with a Brandrith, 2.
any one fall in.
Thence is water drawn

lest

16.

cum Lodicibus, 17.

& Stragulis, 18.

under ones head.

The Bed

is

super Stramentum,

16.

Bolster, 19.

with a Canopy,

Appenduntur etiam
Tapetes, 12.
Pro levi cubatu,
in Dormitorio, 13.
est Lectus, (Cubile) 14.
stratus in Sponda, 15.

12.

Putei.

Ubi Fontes
Putei,

1.

deliciunt,

effodiuntur,

& circumdantur
\Crepidine,

2.

ne quis incidat.
Inde aqua hauritur

( 9

with Buckets,

hanging

Umis

3.

either at a Pole,

4.

or a Rope, 5.
or a Chain, 6.
or a IVindle,

The

Pump,

He

aut

9.

i?<?ta

(tympano),

10.

aut deinque

AntIid,

t.

LXXV.

that desireth to be

Qui cupit

in cold water,

In a Bathing-house,
we wash off the filth

4.

1.

lavari

frigida,
descendit in Fluvium,

In Balnea rio,

2.

either sitting in a Tub,

or going up

Balneum.

aqua

goeth down intoa^/ew,

into the Hot-house,

7.

8.

Manubriato.

Bath.

wash'd

6.

idque aut Tollenone,

aut Girgillo,
aut Cylindro,

8.

4.

5.

vel Catena,
a Swipe,

or a Turn, 9.
with a Handle
or a Wheel, 10.
or to conclude,

by

(situlis), 3.

pendentibus vel Pertica,

vel Func,

and that either by

7.

1.

2.

abluimus squalor cs,

3.

sive sedentes in Labro, 3.

sive conscendentes
in Sudatorium, 4.

&

and we are rubbed

with a Pumice-stone,
or a Hair-cloth, 5.

defricamur

Pumice, 6.
aut Cilicio,

6.

In the Stripping -r 00m

we put

92 )

5.

In Apodyterio,

7.

7.

exuimus Vestes,

our clothes,
and are tyed about
with an Apron, 8.
We cover our Head
with a Cap, 9.
and put our feet
off

&

praecingimur Castula

(Subligari),

8.

Tegimus caput
Pileolo, 9.

& imponimus pedes

into a Bason, 10.

Telluvio, 10.

The Bath-woman,

11.

Balneatrix,

reacheth water in a Bucket, ministrat aquam Situla,

12. drawn out of the
haustam ex Alveo, 13.
Trough, 13. into which it
runneth out of Pipes, 14.

The

Bath-keeper,

16.

scarificat Scalpro, 16.

& applicando

and by applying
Cupping-glasses,

quern defluit
Balneator, 15.

15.

lanceth with a Lancet,

in

e Canalibus, 14.

he draweth the Blood

betwixt the skin and the
flesh, which he wipeth
away with a Spunge, 18.

Cucurbitas, 17.

ex t rah

t Sanguinem
subcutaneum,

quem

abstergit

Spongid,

2.

The Barbers Shop

The

Barber,

Tonstrina.

Tonsor,

i.

in the Barbers-shop,
cutteth off the Hair

2.

in Tonstrina, 2.
tondet Crines

and the Beard

& Barbam

with a pair of Sizzars, 3.

or shaveth with a Razor,
which he taketh
out of his Case, 4.
And he washeth one
over a Bason, 5.
with Suds running
out of a Laver, 6.
and also with Sope, 7.

Foreipc, 3.
vel radit Novacula,

with a Towel,

e Thcca, 4.

Et lavat

super Peh'im,

5.

Lixivio defluente
e Gulturnio,
ut & Sapone,

&

and wipeth him

6.
7.

tergit

Linteo, 8.

8.

combeth him with

9. and curleth him

quam depromit

a Comb, pectit Pec tine,

9.

crispat

with a Crisping Iron, 10.

Sometimes he cutteth a
Vein with a Pen-knife, 11.

Scalpello,

where the Blood spirteth

ubi Sanguis propullulat^

out, 12.

12.

Calamistro, 10.

Interdum secat Venam

1

(9\)
The Chirurgeon cureth
Wounds.

The

LXXVII.

Stable.

The

Horse-keeper,

tyeth a Horse,
with a Halter, 4.
to the Manger, 5.

1.

purgat Stabulum
a Fimo, 2

2.

He

Equile.

Stabularias (Equiso),

I.

cleaneth the Stable

from Dung,

Chirurgus curat
Vulnera.

Alligat Equum,

3.

3.

Capistro, 4.

ad Prcesepe,

5.

mordax

or if he apt to bite,
he maketh him fast
with a Muzzle, 6.
Then he streweth Litter,
7. under him.
He winnoweth Oats
with a Van, 8.

aut

(being mixt
with Chaff, and taken out

(Paleis mixtam, ac de-

of a Chest, 10.)

tor ia, 10.)

and with them feedeth

si

constringit
Fiscclla, 6.

Deinde substernit Stramenta,

7.

Ventilat

Vanno,

Avcnam,

8.

pro mp tarn

a,

Cista

tabula-

the caque pascit equum,

9. ut & Fee no, 9.

Horse, as also with Hay,

(9S)
Postea ducit

Afterwards he leadeth

the Watering-trough, ad Aquarium,

to water.
aquatum.

him to
1 1.

Then he rubbeth him

with a

combeth him

A Dial
measureth Hours.
1.

sheweth by the shadow

of the Pin,

what a
either

Strigili,

insternit

Gausapc,

14.

&

inspicit Soleas,
an Calcei ferrei, 13.
firmis Clavis haereant.

Horologia.

Horologium
dimetitur Horas.
Solarium, 1.
ostendit umbni

Gnomonis,

2.

Clock

it

is;

on a Wall,

or a Compass,

An

12.

LXXVII.

Dials,

Sun-dial,

depectit

with a Curry-comb, 15.

covereth him
with an Housing-cloth, 14.
and looketh upon his Hoofs
whether the Shoes, 13.
be fast with the Nails.

Turn detergit

Pan no,

Cloth, 12.

sit

2.

Horn

sive in Pariete,
sive in Pyxide Magnetica,

3,

Hour-glass,

quota

4.

Clepsydra, 4.

3.

(&)
sheweth the four parts of ostendit partes horae quaan hour by the running of tuor, fluxu Arena',
Sand, heretofore of water. olim aquae.

Clock. 5.

Automaton,

5.

numerat etiam
Nocturnas Horas,
the turning of the Wheels, circulatione Rotarum,
the greatest whereof
quarum maxima
is drawn by a Weight, 6.
trahitur a Pondere, 6.
and draweth the rest.
& trahit caeteras.
Then either the Bell, 7.
Turn vel Campana, 7.
by its sound, being struck sonitu suo, percussa
on by the Hammer, or the a Malleolo, vel Index extra
Hand, 8. without, by its Circuitione sua
motion about sheweth the indicat horam.

numbereth also the

Hours of the Night, by

hour.

The

LXXIX,

Picture.

Pictures,

Pictura.

Pictures,

1.

1.

delight the Eyes

oblectant Oculos

and adorn Rooms.

& ornant Conclavia.

The

Painter,

2.

painteth an Image

Pictor,

2.

pingit Effigiem

(97
with a

Pencil,

in a Table,

Penicilio, 3.
in Tabula, 4.

3.

4.

a Case-frame, 5.
super Pluteo, 5.
tenens
Orbem Pictorium, 6.
his
in
his
6.
Pollet,
holding
in sinistra,
left harfd,

upon

in quo Pigmenta
on which are the Paints
which were ground by the quae terebantur a
puero, 7. in marmore.
Boy, 7. on a Marble.

The Carver

Sculptor,

&

and Statuary
carve Statues,
of

Wood and

exsculpunt Statuas,

Stone.

The Graver
and the

with a Graving

Lapide.

Scalptor
insculpit Figuras, 10.

&
Chcsil, 9.

aliisque Metallis.

LXXX.

Looking-glasses.

Looking-glasses,

Characteres,

Ccelo, 9.

Ligno, yri,

Brass,

and other Metals.

8.

&
10.

and Characters

Wood,

Ligno &
Collator

Cutter

grave Shapes,

in

Statuarius

8.

Specularia,

Specularia.

1,

(9*)
are provided that Men
may see themselves.

parantur, ut homines
intueantur seipsos.
Perspicilla, 2.

Spectacles, 2.

that he

who

may

ut cernat acius

see better,

hath a weak sight.

afar off are seen

Things

in a Perspective Glass, 3.
as things near at hand.

per telescopium,
ut proxima.

Flea appeareth

Pulex,

in a muliplying-glass, 4.
like a little hog.

The Rays
burn wood

qui habet visum debilem.

Remota videntur

ut porcellus.
Radii Solis

of the Sun,

accendunt ligna
per Vitrum urens,

5.

The Cooper.

LXXXI.

Cooper,

4.

in Microscopio apparet

through a Burning-glass,

The

3.

1.

having an Apron,
about him,
maketh Hoops

Vietor,
2,

of Hazel-rods, 3.
upon a cutting-block,
with a Spoke-Shave,

tied

amictus

5.

Vietor.

1.

Prcecinctorio,

2.

facit Circulos,
& Virgis Colurnis, 3.
4.

super Sellam incisoriam,

5.

Scalpro bimanubriato,

5.

4.

(99)
and Lags, 6. of Timber,
& Assulas, 6. ex Ligno.
Of Lags he maketh HogsEx Assulis conficit
heads,

7.

and

Pipes, 8.

Dolia,

and
Si?<f.r,

Tubs,

7.

&

Cupas,

turn Lacus,

9.

10.

Labra,

Flaskets, 11.

9.

10.

Pitynas [Trimodia],
& Situla s, 12.

Buckets, 12.

with one Bottom.

Then he bindeth them
with Hoops, 13.

fundo uno.
Postea vincit

which he tyeth

quos

ligat

Viminibus, 15.
of a Cramp-iron, ope Falcis vie tor ia, 14.
15.

14. and he fitteth them on & aptat

with a Mallet, 16.
Tudite, 16.

and

a Driver, 17.

ac Tudicula,

7.

LXXXII.
The Roper, and

Restio,

The

11.

Circuit's, 13.

fast

with small Twigs,

by means

8.

Fundo bino;

with two Heads ;

Roper,

&

the Cordwainer.

Lorarius.
Restio,

\ .

( IO

twisteth Cords, z.
of Tow, or Hemp,

contorquet Funes,
e Stupa, 4. vel

4.

Cannabis

(which he wrappeth about quam circumdat

sibi
himself) by
the turning of a Wheel, 3. agitatione Rotuhe,

Thus

are

made

and

primo Funiculi,
turn Restes, 6.

6.

at last, Cables, 7.

The

8.

Cord-wainer,
cutteth great Thongs, 10.
Bridles,

1 1

Frcena, 11.

Cingula,

Baltheos, 13.

Traveller.

Traveller,

Crumenas,

14.

Port-mantles, 15. &c.

out of a Beast-hide, 9.

7.

Lorarius, 8.
scindit Loramenta, 10.

Sword-belts, 13.

The

5.

tandem Rudentes,

Girdles, 12.

Poaches,

3.

Sic fiunt,

first Cords, 5.

then Ropes,

2.

1.

beareth on his shoulders

Hippoperas,

de

<r<?r/<?

14.
15.,

&c.

bubulo, 9.

LXXXIII.

Viator,

Viator.

1.

portat humeris

( 101 ;

in a Budget, 2.
those things

in Bulga, 2.
quae non capit

which his Satchel, 3.

Funda, 3.
ox Pouch, 4. cannot hold. vel Marsupium, 4.
He is covered
Tegitur
with a Cloak, 5.
Lacernd, 5.
He holdeth a Staff, 6. in
Tenet Baculum,
his

hand wherewith

to bear

He

up

himself.

Opus habet

Provision for the way,

as also of a pleasant and

merry Companion, 7.
Let him not forsake the
for a Foot-

High-road, 9.
8. unless

it

be a

Path.

beate?i

1 1

Viatico,

ut

&

& facundo

fido

Comite, 7.

Non

deserat Viam

regiam propter Semitam,

nisi sit

Callis tritus.

By-ways, 10.
and places where two ways
meet,

A via,
&

10.

Bivia,

1 1

men

aside fallunt

&

seducunt,

into uneven-places, 12.

so do not By-paths, 13.

in Salcbras,

and

&

Cross-ways, 14.

5.

of those he mecteth,

2.

non aequo Tramites,

Let him therefore en-

and

deceive and lead

quire

Cotnpita, 14.

Sciscitet igitur
obvios, 15.

which way he must go; qua sit eundum

& caveat
let him take heed

of Robbers, 1 6.
as in the way, so also

Prozdoncs,

16.

/;///,

17.

where

ut in vid, sic etiam

n Diversorio, 7

he lodgeth

all

Night.

ubi pernoctat.

in the

Manu

se fulciat.

hath need of

way,

6.

quo

13.

%.

( 102 )

LXXXIV.

The Horse-man

The Morse-man,
setteth a Saddle,
on his Horse, 3.

and girdeth

it

with a Girth,

Eques,

i.

z.

on

Cingulo, 4.

Insternit etiam Dorsuale r

5-

Ornat eum

decketh him with

Trappings, a Fore-stall,
a Breast-cloth, 7.

Then he

6.

P'hale r Er on tali,
is,

Antilena,

&

8.

getteth

2.

3.

idque succingit

4.

and a Crupper,

Ephippimn,

layeth a Saddle-cloth,
also upon him.

He

imponit Equo,

He
5.

Eques.

upon

6.

7.

Postilena,

Deinde

8.

insilit in

his Horse, putteth his feet Equum, indit pedes

into the Stirrops, 9. takStapedibus, 9.
10. n.
capes sit Lorum (habewherewith nam),io. Freni, n. sinistra
he guideth and holdeth quo flectit, & retinet

Cth the Bridle-rein,

in his left hand,

the Horse.

Then he putteth
his Spurs, 12.

Equum.
to

Turn admovet

Cale aria,

2.

setteth him on
with a Switch, 13.
and holdeth him in
with a Musrol, 14.

and

incitatque
Virgula,

&

1 3

coercet

Postomidc, 14.

The Holsters, 15.

Bulgce, 15.
hang down from the Pum- pendent ex Apice
mel of the Saddle,
in

which the

Ephippii, 16.

6.

Pistols, 17.

quibus

Sclopi, 17.

are put.

inseruntur.

The Rider is clad in a

short Coat, 18.
his Cloak being tyed be-

Ipse Eques induitur

Chlamydc, 18.

Lacernd revincta,

hind him,

a tergo.

A
is

19.

Post, 20.

carried on Horseback

at full

LXXXV

We are carried on a
over

Snow and

Sled,

Ice.

Carriage with one

Wheel,

is

barrow,

2.

Veredarius, 20.
fertur Equo

cursim.

Gallop.

Carriages.

1.

19.

called a Wheel-

Vehicula.

Vehimur Trahd, 1.
super Nivibus & Glacie.
Vehiculum unirotum,
dicitur Pabo,

2.

( 104 ;

with two Wheels, a Cart, 3. birotum, Car r us, 3.

with four Wheels, a Wagon, quadrirotum, Currus,
which is either
qui vel
a Timber-wagon, 4.
Sarraeum, 4.
vel Plaustrum, 5.
or a Load-wagon, 5.
The parts of the Wagon
Partes Currus sunt,
are, the Neep (or draught- Temo, 6.
tree), 6. the Beam, 7.
Jugum, 7.

the Bottom, 8.
and the Sides,

Then the

8.

Compages,
Spondee, 9.

9.

about which the Wheels

Turn Axes, 10.

circa quos 7?^/^? currunt,

run, the Lin-pins,

Paxillis,

and

Axle-trees, 10.

Axletree-staves,

1.
1

2.

be-

ing fastened before them.

The Nave, 13. is the

groundfast of the Wheel,

14.

from

which come

&

1 1

Obicilms,

praefixis.
13. est

Modiolus,
Basis Rotce,

14.

ex quo prodeunt

twelve Spokes, 15.

duodecim Radii, 15.
The Ring encompasseth
Or bile ambit hos,
these,

which

of six Felloes,

and

as

many

is

made

Wagon.

6.
e sex Ab sidibits,
& totidem Canthis,
Corbes & Crates, 18.
i

Strakes, 17.

Hampiers and Hurdles,

are set in a

compositum

16.

18.

17.

imponuntur Currui.

ios)

LXXXVI.
Carrying

to

and

The Coach-man,

l.

joineth a Horse fit

a Saddle-horse,

Vectura.

fro.

to

Auriga, 1.
match jungit Parippum,

to the Coach-tree,

ad Temonem,

with Thongs or Chains, 5.

hanging down from the

Loris vel Catenis,

Collar, 4.

Then he

sitteth

Sella -

5.

dependentibus
de Helcio, 4.

Deinde insidet

upon

the Saddle-horse,
and driveth them that

2.

rio, 3.

2, 3.

Sellario,

go

agit ante se antecessores,6.

before him, 6.
with a Whip, 7.

Scutica,

and guideth them

&

7.

fiectit

with a String, 8
Funibus, 8.
He greaseth the Axle-tree
Ungit Axe m
with Axle-tree grease
Axungid,
out of a Grease-pot, 9.
ex 7v7.fr itngiientorio,
and stoppeth the wheel
& inhibet rotam
with a Trigen, 10.
Sufflamine, 10.

9.

io6;
in praecipiti descensu.
Et sic aurigatur

in a steep descent.

And

thus the Coach is

driven along the Wheel-

per Orbitas,

1.

ruts, ii.

Magnates vehuntur

Great Persons are carryed

with six Horses, 12.
by two Coachmen,
in a Hanging-wagon,
which is called
a Coach, 3
1

Sejugibus, 1 2
duobus Rhedariis,
.

Curru

Others with two Horses,

Alii Bijugibus,
Essedo, 1 5

14. in a Chariot, 15.

Horse

13,

14.

A r eerie,

16. & Lac tic a, 17.

two Horses. portantur a duobus Equis.
Utuntur

Liiters, 16, 17.

are carried by

pensili,

qui vocatur
Carpentum (Pilentum),

They use
Pack-Horses,
instead of Waggons,
thorow Hills that are not

Jumentis Clitellariis,
loco Curruum,
per monies invios, 18.

passable, 18.

LXXXVII.
Passing over Waters.

Transitus

Aquarum

Lest he that is to pass

Trajecturus tinmen ne
over a River should be wet, madefiat,
|

Bridges,

i.

i7

Pontes,

1.

were invented for Car- excogitati sunt pro Veriages, and Foot-bridges, z. il icu lis & Ponticuli, 2.
for Foot-men.
pro Peditibus.
If a river

Si

have a Foord, 3.
it is waded over, 4.

Flumen

habet Vadum,

3.

vadatur, 4.
Flotes, 5. also are made of
Rates, 5. etiam struuntur
Timber pinned together; ex compactis tignis:
or Ferry-boats, 6.
vel Pontones, 6.
of planks laid close to- ex trabibus consolidatis,
gether for fear they should ne excipiant aquam.

receive Water.

Besides Scullers,

7.

Porro Lintres (Lembi),

7.

are made, which are rowed fabricantur, qui

with an Oar, 8.
aguntur Pemo, 8.
or Pole, 9.
vel Conto, 9.
or haled
aut trahuntur
with an Haling -rope, 10.
Remulco, 10.

Swimming.

Men

wont also
to swim over Waters
are

LXXXVIII.

Solent etiam
tranare aquas

Natatus.

ios;

upon a bundle of flags, i.

and besides upon blown
2.

Beast-bladders,

and

super scirpeum fascent, 1.

porro super inflatas bourn
2.

Vesicas,

by throwing
their Hands and Feet, 3.
after,

deinde libere jactatu

Mannum Pedu

tuque, 3.

abroad.

And

at last

Tandern didicerunt

they learned

to tread the water, 4.

calcare

aquam, 4.
immersi
being plunged up to the
girdle-stead, and carrying cingulo tenus & gestantes
their Cloaths upon their Vestes supra caput.
head.

Diver,

Urinator,

5.

can swim also under

the water like a Fish.

LXXXIX.

Galley.

Remis,

1.

which the Rowers,

est Uniremis,

a Barge, 2.
or a Foyst, &c.
is

in

Navis actuaria.

Navis instructa

Ship furnished

with Oars,

5.

etiam natare potest

sub aqua, ut Piscis.

2.

vel Biremis, &c.

3.

in

qua Remiges,

3.

( lo 9)

on

sitting

considentes pre Transtra r

4. ad Scalmos,

Seats, 4.

by the Oar- rings,

row, by striking the water remigant pellendo aquam

Re mis,
with the Oars, 5.

The

Skip- master,

standing in the

6.

Fore-castle,

Proreta, 6.
stans in Prora,

and the

&

and holding the Rudder,

sedens in Puppi,
tenensque Clavum,

Steers-man, 7.
sitting at the Stern,

steer the Vessel.

Merchant-ship.
-

8.

Gubcrnator,

7.

gubernantA <;77j

XC.

r
)

8.

///w.

Navis oneraria.

no;

to which the Sail-yards, 4. cuiannectuntur^4/<r<zr,4.

are tied, and the Sails,$. to his, Vela, 5. quae
these, which are spread
expanduntur, 6.
6.
to
the
and
ad
Ventum
wind,
open,

are hoysed by Bowlings,

The Sails are
the Main-sail, 8.
the Trinket, or Fore -sail,

7.

&

versantur.

Versoriis, 7.

Vela sunt
Artemon,
9.

the Misen-sail or Poop-

Dolon,

&

8.

9.

Epidromus,

10.

sail, 10.

The Beak,

1 1

Rostrum

in the Fore-deck.

is

The

Ancient, 12.
placed in the Stern.

is

On

1 1

est in Prora.

the Mast

Signum (vexillum),

it.

ponitur in Puppi.
In

Malo

the Foretop, 13.

est Corbis, 13.
the Watch-tower of the, Ship Specula Navis
and over the Fore-top
& supra Galeam
is

a Vane,

Aphis tre,

14.

shew which way the

to

Wind

14.

Ventorum Index.

standeth.

The

Navis sistitur
ship is stayed
an
with
Anchord, 15.
Anchor, 15.
The depth is fathomed
Profunditas exploratur
with a Plummet, 16.
Bolide, 16.
walk
and
Passengers
Navigantes deambulant
up

down

the Decks,

in Tabulato, 17.

17.

The Sea men run

to

and

Nautae cursitant

through the Hatches, 1 8. per Foros, 18.

And thus, even Seas
Atque ita, etiam Maria

fro

are passed over.

trajiciuntur.

Ship-wreck

Naufragium.

When a Storm,
ariseth on a sudden,
they strike Sail, 2.
lest the Ship should be
dashed against Roc ks, 3 or
1

light

upon

If they

Cum

contrahunt Vela, 2.
ne Navis ad Scopulos,

they suffer Ship -wreck, 5.

And then the men, the
Wares, and all things are
miserably lost.
Nor doth the Sheat-anhor, 6 being cast with a
Cable, do any gooc

3.

allidatur, aut incidat

in

Shelves, 4.

cannot hinder her

1.

Procella,

oritur repente

Brevia (Syrtes),

4.

non possunt prohibere

patiuntur Naufragium, 5.
Turn Homines,
Merces, omnia
Si

miserabiliter pereunt.
Neque hie
Sacra anchor a, 6. Rudenti

jacta

Some

escape,
either on a Plank,

quidquam

Quidam
vel tabula,

7.

adjuvat.

evadunt,
7.

and by swimming,

ac enatando,

or in the Boat, 8.
Part of the Wares,
with the dead folks,
is carried out of the Sea,
oupn the Shoars.

vel Scapha, 8.

Pars Mercium

cum mortuis
9.

Mari,

tur.

9. in

littora defer-

Ars Scriptoria.

Writing

The Ancients

Veteres scribebant

writ

in Tables done over with wax in Tabellis ceratis

aeneo Stilo, 1.
with a brazen Poitrel, 1
.

with the sharp

cuj us

whereof
graven and rubbed out

exarabantur literae,
rursum vero obliteraban-

again with the broad

Afterwards

tur plana.

end, 2.
letters were en-

end, 3.

they writ Letters

with a small Reed, 4.
We use a Goose-quill,
the Stem, 6.
of which

we make

/#/-/<"

cuspidata,

Deinde
Literas pingebant
subtili
5.

Calamo,

4.

Nos utimu r Anserina Penna, 5.

cujus Caulem,

6.

temperamus

with a Pen-knife, 7.
then we dip the Neb
in an Ink-horn, 8.

turn intingimus

which

is

quod obstruitur

with a

Stopple, 9.

stopped

Scalpello, 7.

Crenam

in Atramentario, 8.

Operculo, 9.

and we put our Pens,

& Pennas rerondimus

into a Pennar, 10.

dry a Writing

in Calamario, 10.

We

2.

Siccamus Scripturam

"3

with Blotting-paper,
or Calts- sand
out of a Sand-box,
And we indeed
write from the left hand
towards the right, 12.
the Hebrews
from the right hand
towards the left, 13.
1

Chartd

bibuld,

Arend

vel

scriptoria,

ex Theea Pulveraria,
Et nos quidem
scribimus a sinistra
dextrorsum, 12.

Hebrozi
a

dextni

sinistrorsum, 13.
the Chinese and other Indi- Chinenses & Indi alii,
ans, trom the top down- & summo deor[sum, 14.
wards, 14.
j

XCIII.

Paper.

y*uiiiiii|i||iiimm irT

eh nililili

or Leaves, 2.
as also Barks,

Veteres utebantur
Tabulis Paginis,

1.

aut
3. of

Trees

especially
of an Egyptian Shrub,
which was called Papyrus
Now Paper is in use
which the Paper-maker
J

11

The Ancients used

Beech- Boards,

Papyrus.

ut

1.

Foliis, 2.

&

Libris, 3.

Arborum

praesertim

Arbusculae iEgyptiae,
cui

nomen

erat Papyrus.
in usu,

Nunc Charta est

quam Chattopceus

maketh

in a Paper-mill, 4.

of Linen rags,

5.

stamped to Mash, 6.
which being taken up
Frames, 7.
he spreadeth into

and

ih;

setteth

them

Sheets, 8.

in the

9.

twenty Quires a Ream,

and ten of these
a Bale of Paper,

1 1

& Linteis vetustis, 5.

Pulmentum contusis,
quod haustum
JVormulis, 7.
diducit in Plagulas,

Air exponitque

may be dryed.
Twenty-five of these
a Quire,

mola Papyracea,^. confic-

it

in

in

that they

make

in

10.

ut siccentur.

Harum XXV.
faciunt Scapum, 9.
XX. Sea pi Volumeti minus,
10.

horum X.

scribitur in

ment, 12.

brana,

The

MemTypographia.

Typographies habet

M eta

metal Letters

Typos

in a large number
put into Boxes, 5.

magno numero

The

Compositor,

12.

XCIV.

Printer hath

1 1

Duraturum diu

That which is to last

long is written on ParchPrinting.

8.

aeri,

Volu men majus,

6.

11

os,

dis-

tributes per Loculamenta,$.

1.

Typotheta,

1.

r5;
taketh them out oneby one eximit illos singulatim,

and according to the Copy, & secundum exemplar,

(which he hath fastened
(quod habet praefixum
before him in a Visorum, 2.) sibi Retinaculo, 2.)
composeth words
componit Verba
in a Composing-stick, 3.
till

a Line be

made

Gnomone,

donee

he putteth these in a Gaily,

4. till a Page, 6. be made,
and these again in a. Form,
7. and he locketh them up
in Iron Chases, 8.
with Coyns, 9.
lest they should drop out,

3.

versus

donee Pagina,

ope Cochlearum,
ne dilabantur,
ac subjicit
Prelo, 10.

Then
beateth

the Press-man
it

4.

6. fiat

Marginibus ferreis,

the Press,

o.

has iterum Tabuld compositorid, 7. coarctaque eos

and putteth them under

\

fiat

hos indit Formce,

8.

9.

Turn Impressor

over

illinit

with Printers Ink,

Atramento impressorio

by means of Balls, 1 1.
ope Pilarum, 1.
spreadeth upon it the Pa- super imponit Chartas
1

pers put in the Frisket,

which being put

under the Spindle, 14.
on the Coffin, 13.
and pressed down with
Bar, 15. he maketh
to take impression.

12.

inditas Operculo, 12.

quas subditas
Trochlea, 14.
in Tigello, 13.

& impressas
Suculd,

15. facit

imbibere typos.

n6J

xcv.
The Booksellers Shop.

Bibliopolium,

h^w-i?

The Bookseller,
selleth Books

Bibliopola,

in a Booksellers Shop,

of

2.

which he writeth

a Catalogue,

3.

The Books

are placed

on Shelves, 4.
and are laid open for use

upon

A
is

a Desk,

5.

Multitude of Books

called a Library,

1.

vendit Libros

6.

in Bibliopolio,

quorum

2.

conscribit

Catalogum, 3.
Libri disponuntur

per Repositoria,

4.

& exponuntur ad usum.

super Plutemn, 5.
Multitudo Librorum
vocatur Bibliotheca,

6.

The Book-binder

Bibliopegus.

Olim agglutinabant
Chartam Chartae,
convolvebantque eas

In times past they

glewed Paper to Paper,

and rolled them up together into one Roll, i.
At this day

in

unum

Volumen,

1.

Hodie

the Book-binder

Compactor

bindeth Books,
whilst he wipeth,

compingit Libros,

2. over
dum tergit, 2.
Papers steept in Gum-wa- chartas maceratas aqud
ter, and then foldeth them glutinosd, deinde

together,

complicat,

3.

beatheth with a hammer,

then stitcheth them up,

4.
5.

3.

malleat, 4.
turn consuit,

5.

presseth them in a.Bress,6. conprimit Prelo, 6.

which hath two Screws, 7. quod habet duos Coch/eas,j.
glueth them on the back, conglutinat dorso,
cutteth off the edges
demarginat

with a round Knife, 8.

rot undo Cultro, 8.
at last covereth them tandem vestit
with Parchment or Leather, Membrand vel Corio,

and

maketh them handsome, efformat,

and setteth on Clasps, 10. & afhgit Uncinulos,

9.

9.

10.

fuBJ

Book.

A
as to
is

XCVII.

Book
its outward shape,

either in Folio,

or in Quarto,
in Octavo, 3.
in Duodecimo,

made

to

est vel in Folia,

1.

vel in Quarto,
in Octavo, 3.

either

open Side-wise,

or Long-wise, 6.
with Brazen Clasps,
or Strings,

Liber,

quoad exteriorem formam

2.

4.

Liber.

and Square -bojles,

5.

vel Linguatus, 6.
cum sFneis Clausuris,

7.
i

7.

vel Ligulis, 8.

|& angularibus Bullis,

9.

Within are Leaves,

in Duodecimo, 4.

vel Columnatus,

5.

8.

2.

9.

Intus sunt Folia, 10.

10.

with two Pages,

jduabis Paginis,

sometimes divided with

Jaliquando Columnis, n. di-

Columns,

1 1

and Marginal Notes,

12.

visa

cumq;

\Notis Marginalibus, 12.

School.

A
is

School, 1.
in which

Schola, 1
est Officina, in
.

Shop

Young Wits are fashion'd

to vertue, and it is
distinguished into Forms.
The Master, 2.
sitteth in a Chair,
the Scholars, 4.
in Forms, 5.

qua

Novelli Animi formantur

ad virtutem, &
distinguitur in Classes.
Frceceptor,

2.

sedet in Cathedra,

3.

3.

Discipuli, 4.
in Subselliis, 5.
ille docet, hi discunt.

he teacheth, they learn.

Some things

Quaedam

down

before them praescribuntur ill is

Cretd in Tabella, 6.
with Chalk on a Table, 6.

are writ

Some

and write,

7.

he mendeth their Faults,

Some

Quidam sedent
ad Mensam, & scribunt,

sit

at a Table,

8.

stand and rehearse

things committed to

memory,

Some

Mendas,

Quidam

&

tant

10.

and behave themselves

wantonly and carelessly

reci-

9.

Quidam confabulantun
10.

stant,

7.

8.

mandata

memoriae,

9.

talk together,

ipse corrigit

ac gerunt se

petulantes,

&

negligentes;

I2

these are chastised

hi castigantur

with a Fern/la.

Ferula (baculo),

and

1 1.

&

a Rod, 12.

The Study.

Virgu,

11.

2.

Museum.

XCIX.

&M

IB
The
is

Museum, 1.
Study, 1.
a place where a Student, est locus ubi Studiosus,

apart from Men,

sitteth alone,
addicted to his Studies,

secretus ab Hominibus,'
sedet solus

2.

whilst he readeth Books,

which being within his

deditus Studiis,
3.

dum

lectitat Libros,

quos penes

3.

se

reach he layeth open up- & exponit super

4. and picketh Pluteum, 4. & excerpit
all the best things out of optima quaeque ex illis

on a Desk,

them
5.

own Manual, in Manuale suum,

marketh them in notat in illis

into his

or

them with
or a

little

in the

Being

a Dash, 6.

Star,

7.

argent.
to sit up late,

Liturd, 6.
vel Asterisco,

7.

ad Margiem.
Lucubraturus,

5.

2.

( i2i ;

he setteth a Candle,

elevat

8.

Lychnum

(Cartelam),

8. in Candelabra, 9.
on a Candlestick, 9.
which is snuffed with Snuf- qui emungitur Emunctorio,

fers, 10. before the Candle?

he placeth a Screen,

10.

ante

Lynchum

collo-

cat Umbraculum, 1 1
quod viride est, ne hebe-

11.

which

is green, that it may

tet oculorum aciem
not hurt his eye-sight
richer Persons use a Taper, opulentiores utuntur Cere*
nam Candela sebacea
for a Talloiv- candle slink;

eth and smoaketh.

Letter, 12. is

up, writ upon,

and

foetet

wrapped

&

fugimat.

Epistola,

2.

complicatur,

inscribitur, 13.

13.

&

sealed, 14.

Going abroad by

he maketh use of a Lanthorn, 15. or a Torch, 16.

obsignatur,

14.

Prodiens noctu

night,

utitur Lantema,
vel Face, 16.

C.

Arts belonging to Speech.

Artes Sermones.

Grammar,

Grammatica,

15.

( 122 )
is

conversant about

Letters,

versatur circa Literas,

2.

ex quibus componit Voces,,

which it maketh
Words^. and teacheth how verba, 3. docetque elo-

2.

of

to utter, write, 4. put together and part them

qui, scribere,

rightly.

pungere) eas

Rhetorick, 5.
doth as it were paint,

ere,

Rhetorica,
6.

a rude form, 7.
of Speech with Oratory
8.

4.

pingit,

6.

recte.

5.

quasi

rudem formam, 7.
Sermon is OratorUs

such as are Figures,

Pigmentts, 8.
ut sunt Figuroz,

Flourishes,

constru-

distinguere (inter-

Elegancies,

Elegantiaz,

Adagies,

Adagia (proverbia)

Apothegms,

Apothegmata,

Sentences,
Similies,

Sentential

Hierogylphicks, &C.
Poetry,

(Gnomae)

Sim ilia,
Hieroglyphica, &c.
Poesis,

9.

9.

gathereth these Flowers of colligit hos Flores

Speech, 10.
tieth them as

and

Orationis,
it

were

&

10.

colligat quasi

into a little Garland, 11.

in Corallam,

and so making of Prose

atque

a Poem,

ligatam orationem,

ita,

1.

faciens e prosa

maketh several sorts of componi varia

Carmina & Hymnos (Odas)Verses and Odes,
and is therefore crowned ac propterea coronatur
it

with a Laurel,
Musick,

Lauru,

12.

12.

Music a,

13.

13.

setteth Tunes, 14.

componit Melodias,

with pricks,

Notis,

to which it setteth words,

and so singeth alone,

quibus aptat verba,

atque ita cantat sola

or in Consort,
or by Voice, or

vel Concentu (Symphonia),

Musical Instruments,

14.

aut voce aut

15.

Instrumentis Musicis,

15

Musical Instruments.

*3 )

Instrumenta musica.

CI.

Musica instrumenta sunt

Musical Instruments are
those which make a sound: quae edunt vocem
:

Primo,

First,

when they are beaten upon, cum pulsantur,

as a Cymbal, i. with a Pes til, ut Cymbalum, 1. Pistillo,
a little Bell, 2.
Tintinnabulum, 2.
with an Iron pellet within intus Globulo ferreo,
;

or

Rattle, 3.

Crepitaculum,

3.

by tossing it about:
a Jews- Trump, 4.
being put to the mouth,

circumversando

with the fingers;

Digito;

a Drutn,

Crembalum,
ori

5.

and

a Kettle, 6.
with a Drum-stick,

and the Tymbrel,

10.

Tympanum,

5.

& Ahenum,

6.

7.

& Sambuca, 8.
cum Organo pastoritio,
& Sistrum (Crotalum),
ut

9.

9.

10.

Secundo,

Secondly,

upon which

admotum,

Claviculd,

7.

as also the Dulcimer, 8.

with the Shepherds-harp,

4.

strings are

in

quibus Chorda;
& plectuntur

stretched, and struck upon, intenduntur

ut Nablium,
as the Psaltery, 1 1
.

1.

and the

1*4 )

cum

Virginals, 12.

Clavircordio, 12.

manu

with both hands;

utraque

the Lute,

Testudo (Chelys),

(in

13.

which

the Belly,
the Pegs,

is

the Neck,

14.

Strings,

17.

15,

by which the
are stretched

upon

qua yugum,
Magadium, 15.
(in

&

16.

the Bridge, 18.)

17.

super Ponticula m,

&

with a Bow,

Plectro, 2

Dextera tantum,
Pandura,

20.
1

&

the Stops,

Dimensiones, 22.

in every one are touched

with the left hand.

At

Lyra, 23.
intus rotd,

quae versatur
in singulis

tanguntur

sinistra.

Tandem

last,

those which are blown,

as with the mouth,

quae inflantur,
ut Ore,

the Flute, 24.

the Shawm, 25.

Fistula [Tibia), 24.

the

Bag -pipe,

18.)

Cythara, 19.

and the Harp, 23.

with a Wheel within,
which is turned about:
22.

13.

14.

Verticilli, 16.

quibus Nervi,
intenduntur

the Cittern, 19.

with the right hand only,
the Vial, 20.
21..

Gingras, 25.
Tibia utrieularis, 26.

26.

the Cornet, 27.

the Trumpet, 28,

Lituus, 27.
29.

Tuba,

28.

Buccina, 29.

or with Bellows,

vel Follibus, ut

as a pair of Organs, 30.

Organum pneumaticum,

30.

Philosophy

Philosophia.

The Naturalist, i
vievveth all the works of

speculatur omnia Dei

God

Opera

Physicus,

in the

World.

The Super naturalist,

2.

in

1 .

Mundo,

Metaphysicus,

2.

searches out the Causes

perscrutatur Causas,

and

& rerum

Effects of things.

The

Effecta.

Arithmeticus

Arithmetician,

com pu tat numeros,

reckoneth numbers,
addendo, subtrahendo,
by adding, subtracting,
multiplying and dividing; multiplicand, dividendo;
and that either by Cyphers, idque vel Cyphris, 3.
in Palimocesto,
3. on a Slate,
or by Counters,
upon a Desk.

vel Calculi's,

4.

Country people reckon,

with figures of tens, X.
and figures of five, V.

by twelves, fifteens,
and threescores.

5.

4.

super Abacum.
R us tic i numerant,
Decussibus, X.
& Quincuncibus, V.

5.

per Duodenas, Quindenas

&

Sexagenas.

Geometria.

Geometry

Geometra
metitur Altitudinem

Geometrician

measureth the height of

2
a Tower,
1

Turn's,

or the distance
of places, 3 ... .4.
either with a Quadrant,

Locorum,

by

2.

8.

Angulis,

&

Circles, 9.

.... 4.
5.

8.

Circuit's, 9.

ad Regulam,

a Rule, 10.

a Square, 1 1
and a pair of Compasses, 1 2
Out of these arise

Designat
Figuras rerum
Linet's, 7,

Figures of things,
with Lines, 7.
Angles,

....

sive Quadrante,
sive Radio, 6.

5.

or a Jacob s-stajf, 6.
He maketh out the

and

aut distantiam

Normom.

&

Circinum,

Ex

10.
.

2.

his oriuntur

an Oval, 13.
a Triangle, 14.

Cylindrus, 13.

a Quadrangle^ 15.
and other figures.

Tetragonus, 15.

Trigonus

&

14.

alise figurae.

( 127 )

The

Celestial Sphere.

CIV.

Sphera

caelestis.

Astronomy considereth
the tnotiofi of the Stars,

Astronomia considerat
motus Astrorum,

Astrology

Astrologia
eorum Effectus.

the Effects of them.

The
is

Globe of Heaven

turned about upon an

Axle-tree,

super Axem,

1.

about the Globe of

Earth,

z.

space of

The

the

in the

XXIV.

1.

circa globum
terroz, 2.

hours.

Pole-stars, or Pole,

the Arctic k, 3.
the Antarctick, 4.
conclude the Axle-tree
at both ends.

The Heaven

Globus Cceli
volvitur

is full

of

Stars every where.

There are reckoned above
a thousand fixed Stars ;
but of Constellations
towards the North, XXI.
towards the South, XVI.

spacio

XXIV. horarum.

Stellce

Arcticus,

polar es,
3.

Antarcticus, 4.
finiunt Axem

utrinque.
Ccelum est

Stellatum undique.

Stellarum fix a rum

numerantur plus mille ;
Side rum vero
XXI.
XVI.

Septentrionarium,

Meridionalium,

( 128 )

Add to these the XII.

signs of the Zodiaque, 5.

Adde
Zodiaci,

Sign a, XII.
5.

degrees, quodlibetgraduum, XXX.

quorum nomina sunt
T Aries, 8 Taurus, n (SW/z.
W Taurus, n Gemini,
23 Cancer, Q Leo,
Cancer, Q Leo,
Virgo,
Virgo,
t Libra, '"I
=2=
Libra, l Scorpius,
Scorpius,

every one

XXX.

whose names are T Aries

fl

Sagittarius, VS Capricor,
Aquarius, X Pisces.

Under

this

move

Sagittarius, V3 Capricorn,
Aquarius, X Pisces.

Sub hoc

the

cursitant

Stella erra rites VII.

seven Wandring-stars
which they call Planets,

whose way

quas vocant Planetas,

quorum via est Circulvs,

the middle of the Zodiack, in medio Zodiaci,
diet us Ecliptic a, 6.
called the Ec lip tick, 6.
is

a circle in

Other Circles are

Alii Circuli sunt

the Horizon, 7.
the Meridian, 8.

Horizon,

the ^Equator, 9.
the two Cotu res, the

Equator, 9.
duo Colu ri,

one of the

alter ^Equinoxiorum, 10.

Equinocts, 10.

(of the Spring

when the & entreth into

it

entreth in

the other of the

(of the Summer,

when the entreth into

of the

Wititer

Verni,

quando

1.

quando ingreditur ==)

alter Solsticiorum, u.

==)

Solstices,

8.

f;

Autumnal

when

7.

Meridian us,

ingreditur
Autumnalis,

(ALstivi,
22

quando

ingreditur

Hyberni,

when it entreth into V3)

quando ingreditur
duo Tropici,
the Tropicus,
Tr. Cancri, 12.
the Tropic k of Cancer, 1 2.
the Tropick of Capricorn, 13. TV. Capricorni, 13.

& duo

and the two

Polar

Circles, 14 ....

5.

f;

Polarcs, 14

.... 15.

V3)

;.

( I2 9 )

CIV.
The Aspects of the

Planets.

Planetarum Aspectus.
Luna

The Moon

runneth through the Zodi- percurrit Zodiacum

ack every Month.

in a Year.
Sol, Q Anno.
2
and
&
Venus,
Mercurius,
Mercury,
circa Solem, ilia
about the Sun, the one
in a hundred and fifteen,
cxv.,

The

Sun,

the other in 585 days.

Mars,

Jupiter,
in

in

hsec

two years;

fere

Diebus.

Biennio

U
duodecim

Hereupon they meet

Saturnus, ^
triginta annis.

in thirty years.

riously among

DLXXXV.

Mars,

Venus,

Jupiter,

almost twelve;
Saturn, ^
va-

Hinc conveniunt

themselves, inter se

and have mutual Aspects & se mutuo

one towards another.
adspiciunt.
K

singulis Mensibus.

varie

( 13

& 5
Ut hie sunt,
As here the and $ are
in Conjunctione,
in Conjunction.
and Luna in Oppositions,
and Moon in Opposition,
& ^? in Trigono,
and ^ in a Trine Aspect,
& if in Quadratura,
and U in a Quartile,
and

ina

&

Sextile.

CV.
The Apparitions of

in Sextili.

the

Moon.

Phases Lunae.

The Moon shineth

Luna, lucet

not by her own Light

but that which is borrowed of the Sun.

non sua propria

sed mutuatd

For the one half of

a Sole.
it

always enlightned, the

other remaineth darkish.

is

Hereupon we

see

it

Luce,

in

Nam

altera ejus medie-

tas

semper illuminatur,
manet caliginosa.
Hinc videmus,

altera

Conjunction with the Sun,i. in Conjunctione So/is, 1.

to be obscure, almost none obscuram, imo nullam
at all; in Opposition,

5.

in Oppositions,

5.

(w)
& lucidam,
(& vocamus
Plenilunium ;)

whole and
(and we
the Full

Moon j)

sometimes

in the half,

we call

alias

it

Otherwise it waxeth, 2.
or waneth,

6.

4.

8.

and is said to be horned,

or more than half round.

The

dimidiam,

thePrt'me, 3. (& dicimus Primam,

last Quarter, 7.)
& ultimam Quadrant,

(and

and

totam

clear,
call it

Caeteroqui crescit, 2.
aut decrescit, 6 .... 8.

&

vocztur falcata,
vel gibbosa.

CVI.

Eclipses.

The Sun

3.

7.)

Eclipses.

Sol

the fountain of light,

inlightning all things,
but the Earth, 1.
and the Moon, 2.
being shady bodies, are not
is

est fons Lucis,

illuminans omnia;
sed Terra, 1.
& Luna, 2.
Corpora opaca, non
pierced with its rays, for penetrantur ejus radiis,
they cast a shadow upon nam jaciunt umbram
the place just over against in locum oppositum.
them.
Ideo
Therefore,

when

the

Moon

lighteth

cum Luna incidit

32 )

umbram

into the shadow of the

Earth, 2. it is darkened,

in

which we

quod vocamus

an

call

Eclipse,

or defect.

But when the Moon

Terra,

2.

obscuratur

neth betwixt the Sun

inter Solent

and the Earth,

&

it

covereth

it

shadow; and

Terr am, 3.
obtegit ilium

3.

with
this

Eclipsin

(deliquium) Luna.
runCum vero Luna currit

its

we call

umbrd
& hoc vocamus

su4;

the Eclipse of the Sun,

Eclipsin Solis,
because it taketh from us quia adimit nobis
the sight of the Sun,
prospectum Solis,
and its light
& lucem ejus
nee tamen Sol
neither doth the Sun for
;

all that suffer

any thing,

but the Earth.

patitur aliquid,

sed Terra.

CVII. a

The

terrestial Sphere.

Sphera

The Earth

terrestris.

Terra est rotunda,

round, and
therefore to be represented fingenda igitur
by two Hemispheres, a b. duo bus Hemisphcriis,2L,
is

The Circuit

of

it

Ambitus ejus

b.

(
is

33 )
est

360 degrees

graduum

CCCLX.

{whereof every one maketh (quorum quisque facit

60 English Miles
LX. Milliaria Anglica
or 21600 Miles,)
vel 21600 Milliarium)
& tamen est punctum,
it is but a prick,
compared with the World, collata cum orbe,
whereof it is the Centre.
cujus Centrum est.

and yet

|They measure Longiit by Climates, 1.

Longitudinem ejus
dimetiuntur Climatibus,

tude of

1.

and the Latitude

Latitudinem,
lineis Parallelis, 2.
by Parallels, 2.
The Ocean, 3. compasseth
Oceanus, 3. ambit earn
it about, and five Seas wash & Maria V. perfundunt
the Mediterranean Sea, 4.
the Baltic k Sea, 5. the Red
Sea, 6. the Persian Sea, 7.
and the Caspian Sea, 8.

Mediterraneum,

it,

Baltic urn,

Sphera

terrestris.

divided into V. Zones,

whereof the II. frigid ones,
9.

6.

terrestial Sphere.

Distribuitur in Zonas V.,

quarum duae frigidce,

It is

4.

Erythrceum,

Pcrsicum, 7.
Caspium, 8.

CV1I.

The

5.

9.

are uninhabitable

>34;

sunt inhabitabiles;
Temperate ones, 10 duae Tetnperatce, 10....10.
10. and the Torrid one, & Torrida, 11.
habitantur.
ii. habitable.

the
.

II.

Besides

it is

Ceterum

divided

divisa est

in tres Continentes ;

into three Continents;

this of ours, 12. which

is
nostram, 12. quae subdisubdivided into Europe, 13. viditur in Europam, 13.
Asiam, 14. & Africam, 15.
Asia, 14. Africa, 15.
in Americam, 16. ... 16.
America, 16. ... 16.
(whose Inhabitants are
(cujus incolae
sunt Antipodes nobis;)
Antipodes to us;)
and the South Land, 17. 17. & in Terram Australem, 17
17. adhuc incognitam.
yet unknown.
sub Arcto,
Habitantes
dwell
underthe
that
They
North pole, 1 8. have the days 18. habent Dies
.

and nights

months long. Noctes semestrales,

Infinitae Insula
natant in maribus.

Infinite Islands
float in the Seas.

Europe.

The

CVIII.

chief Kingdoms of

Europe, are

Europa.

In Europe! nostra

sunt Rcgna primaria,

( i35>>
Spain,

1.

Hispania,

i.

.*>,

2.

Gallia,

2.

Italia, 3.

7/a/y, 3.

England,

4.

Scotland,

5.

Anglia (Britania),
Scotia, 5.
6.

Ireland, 6.

Hibernia,

Germany,
Bohemia,

7.

Germania,

8.

Bohemia,

Hungary,

9.

Hungaria,

9.

Croatia, 10.

Croatia, 10.

Dacia,

7.

8.

11.

Dacia,

1 1

Sclavonia, 12.

Sclavonia, 12.

Greece, 13.

Grcecia,

Thrace, 14.

Thracia,

Podolia, 15.
Tar tary, 16.

Podolia,

Lituania, 17.

Lituania, 17.
Polonia, 18.

Poland,

The

Netherlands, 19.

Denmark, 20.
Norway, 2
.

14.
1

Tartar ia,

18.

16.

Belgium, 19.
Dania, 20.
Norvegia,

Swethland, 22.

Suecia, 22.

Lapland, 23.
Finland, 24.

Lappia, 23.

Lisland, 25.

Livonia, 25.

Prussia, 26.

Borussia, 26.

Muscovy,

Finnia, 24.

Muscovia, 27.

27.

and Russia,

28.

Russia, 28.

4.

Moral Philosophy

Ethica.

;~

This Life is a way,

or a place divided into two

Vita haec est via,

sive Bivium,

ways, like
Pythagoras' s Letter Y.

simile

broad,
on the

latum,

Litterae Pithagoricce Y.

1.

left

narrow,

2.

hand track;
on the right;

that belongs to Vice,

this to Vertue, 4.

angustum,

2.

dextro;

ille Vitii, 3. est

3.

Mind, Young Man,

1.

sinistro tramite

hie Virtu tis,

5.

4.

Adverte juvenis,
imitare

leave the left hand way,

turn from Vice
6. is fair,

linque sinistram,
aversare Vitium
Aditus speciosus,

7.

sed Exitus,

the Entrance,
but the End,

&

turpis

vertue leadeth

ducit virtus

Go

6.

7.

ugly and steep down.

on the right hand,
though it be thorny, 8.
no way is unpassible to
vertue; follow whither
is

5.

Hercutem;

imitate Hercules:

praeceps.

Dextera ingredere,
utut spinosa, 8.
nulla via invia
virtuti

sequere qu& via

( '37 )

through narrcnv places

to stately palaces,
to the Tower of honour,

9.

per angusta,
ad augusta,
ad Arc em honoris,

9.

Tene medium &

Keep the middle
rectum tramitem;
and streight/aM, and
ibis tutissimus.
thou shalt go very safe.
Take heed thou do not
Cave excedas
on
the
much
ad
too
dextram, 10.
right
go
hand, 10.
Bridle

in, 12.

the wild

Compesce

freno, 12.

Horse, 1 1 of Affection, lest equum ferocem, 11. Affecthou fall down headlong. tiis ne praeceps fias.
Cave
See thou dost not go
amiss on the left hand, 13. deficias ad sinistram, 13.
in an ass-like sluggishness, segnitie asinina, 14.
sed progredere constanter
14. but go onwards conpertende ad
stantly, persevere to the
finem, & coroend, and thou shalt be
crown'd, 15.
naberis, 1 5.
.

Prudence.

jhH im

CX.

Prudentia.

as a Serpent,

2.

and doeth, speaketh, or

thinketh nothing in vain.
She looks backwards, 3.

138;
ut Serpens, 2.
agitque, loquitur, aut
cogitat nihil incassum.
Respicit, 3.

as into a Looking-glass, 4.
tanquam in Speculum,
ad prceterita ;
to things past ;
and seeth before her, 5.
& prospicit, 5.
as with a Perspective-glass, tanquam Teles copio, 7.

4.

Futura,
7. things to come,
or the End, 6.
seu Einem, 6.
and so she perceiveth
atque ita perspicit
what she hath done, and
quid egerit,
what remaineth to be done. & quid restet agendum.

She proposeth
an Honest, Profitable and
withal, if it may be done,
a Pleasa?it End,
to her Actions.

Actionibus suis
praefigit Scopum,
Honcstum, Utilem,

simulque,

si fieri

potest,

Jucundum.

Fine prospecto,
Having foreseen the End,
she looketh out Means,
dispicit Media,
as a Way, 8.
ceu Viam, 8.
which leadeth to the End; quae ducit ad finem,
but such as are certain
sed certa & facilia
;

and

easie,

and fewer

pauciora potiiis

rather than more, lest

quam plura,
ne quid impediat.
anything should hinder.
She watcheth OpportuniAttendit Occasioni,
ty, 9.

(which having

a bushy fore-head, 10.

and being bald-pated,

and moreover
having wings,

2.

11.

(quae
Fronte Capillata,
sed veriice calva,

9.

10.
1

1.

adhaec
alata,

2.

doth quickly slip away,) facile elabitur)

and catcheth it.
eamque captat.
She goeth on her way
In viapergit caut& (prowarily, for fear she should vide) ne impingat
stumble or go amiss.
aut aberret.

Sedulitas.

Diligence

Diligence,

i.

loveth

la-

bours, avoideth Sloth,

is

always

at

work,

like the Pismire,

Sedulitas,

1.

amat labores,

fugit Ignaviam,
semper est in opere,

ut Formica,

z.

and carrieth together,

as

&

2.

comportat, ut

she doth, for herself,

sibi,

Store of all things, 3.

omnium rerum
Non semper

She doth not always

ilia,

Copiam,

sleep, or make holidays,

as the Sluggard, 4.

dormit, ferias agit, aut

ut Ignavus, 4.

and the Grashopper,

&

do,

5.

whom

Want, 6.
at the last overtaketh.

Cicada,

3.

5.

quos Inopia, 6.
tandem premit.

Shepursueth what things

Urget
shehath undertaken chear- incepta alacriter
ad finem usque
fully, even to the end
;

she putteth nothing off till procrastinat nihil,

the morrow, nor doth she nee
cantat cantilenam Corvi,
sing the Croiu's song, 7.

which

saith over

and over, qui ingeminat

7.

HJ

Cras, Cras.
After labours undergone,

Cras, Cras,

and ended,
being even wearied,

exantlatos,

she resteth her

quiescit;
sed recreata Quiete,

Post labores

&

self;

lassata,

but being refreshed with

may not use ne adsuescat
her self to Idleness, she fall- Olio, redit

Rest, that she

eth again to her Business,

A diligent Scholar
is

like Bees,

similis est Apibus,

8.

which carry honey

from divers Flowers,

ex variis Floribus, 9.
in Alveare suum, 10.

9.

CXII.

Temperance.

1.

as with a Bridle,

Temperantia.

Tempera?itia,

3.

1.

modum

prescribeth a mean
to meat and drink, 2.

and restraineth the

8.

qui congerunt mel

into their Hive, 10.

Temperance,

ad Negotia.
Diligens Discipulus,

praescribit
Cibo & Potui,
desire,

&

2.

continet etipidinem,
ceu Freno, 3.

and so moderateth

mi;
&

all

much

made

drunk,

they stumble,
they

spue, 6.

and

babble, 7.

moderatur omnia

He Iuo ties

Revellers

are

sic

ne quid
nimis fiat.

any thing too

be done.

things, lest

inebriantur,

4.

(ganeones)
4.

titubant, 5.

5.

ructant (vomunt),

&

rixantur,

6.

7.

E Crapula
From Drunkenness
proceedeth Lasciviousness ; oritur Lascivia
from this a lewd Life
ex hac P/fa libidinosa
;

amongst Whoremasters,
and Whores, 9.

inter Fornicatores,

8.

&

8.

Scoria, 9.

in kissing,

osculando (basiando),

touching,

palp an do,

embracing,

amplexando,

and

&

dancing, 10.

CXIII.

Fortitude.

Fortitude,

.
j

is

tripudiando, 10.

undaunted

in adversity,

Fortitudo.

Fortitudo,

impavida

est in adversis,

as a Lion, 2. but & confidens ut Leo, 2. at

not haughty in Prosperity, non tumida in Secundis,
leaning on her own Pillar, innixa suo Columini, 3.

and bold

and beConstantice j &

same in all things, eadem in omnibus,
ready to undergo both es- parata ad ferendam utramtates with an even mind.
que fortunam aequo animo.
She receiveth the strokes
Excipit ictus
3.

Constancy,

ing the

of Misfortune
with the Shield,

Lnfortutiii
Clypeo, 4.

4.

of Sufferance : and
keepeth off the Passions,

the enemies of quietness

with the Sword, 5.
of Valour.

Patience,

1.

Calamities, 2

propellit Affectus,
hostes Euthymiae

gladio,

5.

Virtutis.

CXIV.

Patience.

endureth

Tolerantiiz

&

Patientia.

Patientia, 1.
tolerat Calamitates, 2.

and Wrongs,

3.

like a

4.

Lamb,

i43;

&

meekly

Infurias,

ut Agnus,

3.

humiliter

4.

as the Fatherly chastise-

tanquam paternam

ment of God,

ulam Dei, 5.
Interim

In the

meanwhile she

fer-

upon the Anchor innititur Spei

Anchorce, 6. (ut Navis,
of Hope, 6. (as a Ship, 7.
tossed by waves in the Sea) fluctuans mari)
leaneth

she prayeth to God,

Deo

8.

supplicat, 8.

weeping,
and expecteth the Sun,

illacrymando,
10. & expectat Phozbum,
after cloudy weather, 9.
post Nubila, 9.
ferens mala,
suffering evils,
and hoping better things. sperans meliora.
On the contrary,
Contra,
the impatient person,

Itrip a tiens,

11.

waileth, lamenteth,
rageth against himself,

2.

he despaireth,

and becometh
Murtherer,

Being

his

own

debacchatur, 12. in seipsum,

obmurmurat ut

& tamen

rage he de-

Cam's, 13.

nil proficit

tandem desperat,

&

fit

Autochir,

14.

full of

1 1

10.

plorat, lamentatur,

grumbleth like a Dog, 13.

and yet doth no good;
at the last

7.

14.

Furibundus cupit

sireth to revenge wrongs. vindicare injurias.

Humanitas.

Humanity.

Men

Homines facti sunt

are made
ad mutua commoda ;
one another's good ;
therefore let them behind. ergo sint humani.
Sis suavis & amabilis
Be thou sweet and lovely
for

in thy Countenance,

1.

gentle and civil

in thy Behaviour and

1.

Vultu,

comis & urbanus

Man-

Gestu ac Moribus,

2.

ners, 2.

affable

and true spoken

with thy Mouth,

affectionate

affabilis

Ore,

3.

and candid

in thy Heart, 4.

&

verax,

3.

candens & candidus

Corde,

4.

So love,
Sic ama,
and so shalt thou be loved; sic amaberis
and there will be
& fiat
a mutual Friendship, 5.
mutua Amicitia,
;

5.

ceu Turturum, 6.
concors, mansueta,
hearty, gentle, and
wishing well on both parts. & benevola utrinque.
Froward Men are
Morosi homines, sunt

as that of Turtle-doves,

6.

hateful, teasty, unpleasant.

odiosi, torvi, illepidi.

contentious, angry,

145

contentiosi. iracitndi,

7.

cruel, 8.

crudtics, 8.

and implacable,

ac implacabiles,

7.

Wolves and Lions, (magis Lupi & Leones,

than Men)
quilm homines)
(rather

and such as

fall

out

among j&

wishing

confligunt Duelle,

pineth away her

imalo cupiendo aliis,

;conficit seipsam.

self.

CXVI.

Justice.

Justice,

9.

Invidia, 10.

to others,

ill

inter se discordes,

'hinc

themselves, hereupon
they fight in a Duel, 9.
Envy, 10.

Justitia.

justitia,

1.

pingitur, sedens
painted, sitting
on a square stone, 2. for she in lapide quadrato, z. nam
ought to be immoveable; decet esse immobilis;
is

with hood-winked eyes, 3.

that she may not respect

persons

stopping the left ear, 4.

J,

obvelatis oculis, 3.

ad non respiciendum

personas

claudens au rem sinistram, 4.

H 6)

(
to be reserved
for the other party

Holding

Hand

reservandam
alteri parti

a Sword,

Gladium,

5.

and a Bridle, 6.
to punish
and restrain evil men

Tenens dextra

in her right

5.

& Fr cerium,

6.

ad puniendum

& coercendum malos;

Praeterea,
Besides,
Stater am, 7.
a pair of Balances, 7.
in the right Scale, 8. where- cujus dextrce Land,
of Deserts,
Merita,
and in the left, 9.
Sinistra;, 9.

8.

Prwrnia imposita,
Rewards being put,
sibi invicem exequantur,
are made even one with
another, and so good Men atque ita boni incitantur
are incited to virtue, as

were with Spurs,

it

10.

In Bargains, 11.
let Men deal candidly,

them stand

let

let that

which

is

10.

n Contractibus,

candide agatur

1 1

stetur

to their

Covenants and Promises

ad virtutem,
ceu Calcaribus,

Pactis

given one

&

Promissis;

Depositum,

to keep,

& Mutuum,

and

that which is lent,

be restored
let no man be pillaged,

reddantur

or hurt,
let

2.

nemo

expiletur, 12.

aut lozdatur,

13.

3.

every one have his own: suum cuique tribuatur

these are the precepts of

haec sunt praecepta

Justice.

Justitiae.

Such things

as these are

Talio prohibentur,

& septimo Dei

Cammandment, and
Pracepto, &
deservedly punish'd on the merito puniuntur

forbidden in God's

$th.

and quinto

yth.

Gallows and the Wheel,

4.

Cruce ac Rotd,

14.

Liberalitas.

Liberality

Liberality,

Liberalitas,

keepeth a mean about

Riches,

which she honestly

seeketh, that she

may have

servat

1.

modum

circa

Divitias, quas honeste

quaerit ut habeat

somewhat to bestow on quod largiatur

them that want, z.
Egenis, 2.
She cloatheth, 3.
Hos vestit, 3.
nourisheth,

and

nutrit, 4.

4.

enricheth,

ditat, 5.

5.

these with a chearful coun-

Vultu hiIart,

6.

tenance, 6.

and a winged hand,

She submitteth
wealth,

8.

7.

her
to her self, not

her self to

it,

as the covet-

& Manu

alatd, 7.

Subjicit
opes, 8. sibi,

se

ill is,

non

ut Avarus,

9.

ous man, 9. doth, who hath, qui habet,

that he may have, and is ut habeat, &
non est Possessor
not the Owner,

but the Keeper of his goods, sed Custos bonorum suorand being unsatiable,
um, & insatiabilis,

always

scrapeth together, 10.

with his Nails.

semper corradit,
Unguibus suis.

10.

(x A %)

Moreover he spareth
and keepeth,

Sed & parcit

adservat,

occludendo,

hoarding up,

1 1

that he

always have.

may

&

But the Prodigal,

12.

1 1

semper habeat.
At Prodigus, 2.
male disperdit

ut

badly spendeth things

well gotten,
and at the last wanteth.

bene parta,
iac

tandem

eget.

CXVIII.
Societv betwixt

Man and

Wife.

Societas Conjugalis.

Marriage
was appointed by God
in Paradise, for mutual
kelp, and the Propagation
of mankind.

A young man {a single man)

to be married,

being
should be furnished
either with Wealth,
or a Trade and Science,

Matrimonium
institutum est a
in Paradiso,

ad

Deo

mutuum

adjutorium, & propagationem

generis humani.

Vir Juvenis (Calebs)

conjugium initurus,
instructus sit

aut Op ibus,
aut Arte & Scientid,

M9

which may serve

quae

for getting a living;

that he may be able
to maintain a Family.

de pane lucrando;

sit
f

ut possit

sustentare Familiam.

Then he chooseth himself

Deinde

eligit sibi

a Man/ that is Marriageable, Virginem Nubilem,

(or a Widow)
(aut Viduani)
whom he loveth never- quam adamat ubi
theless a greater Regard
tamen major ratio
;

is

had of

to be

habenda

Virtue,

Virtutis

& Honestatis,
quam Fornne

and Honesty,

than of Beauty or Portion.

aut Dotis.
Posthaec, non clam desAfterwards, he doth not
betroth her to himself
pondet sibi earn,
sed ambit,
closely, but entreateth
for her asa Woer,
ut Procus,
first to

the Father,

apud Patrem,

i.

and then the Mother,

& Mat rem,

2.

or the Guardians,
or Kinsfolks, by such
as help

make

to

When

she

is

the match,

vel

&
3.

espous'd to

\.

2.

apud Tutores,

Cognatos, per

Pronubos,

Ed

sibi desponsit,

him,hebecomelhthe 5r/V/d'- fit Sponsus, 4.

4. and she the Bride, & ipsa Sponsa, 5.
5. and the Contract is made. fiuntque Sponsalia,
and an Instrument of Dow- & scribitur Instrumetitum
Dotale, 6.
ry, 6. is written.
At the last
Tandem
J

groom,

the Wedding is made,

where they are joined together by the Priest, 7.
giving their Hands, 8. one
to another,

and Wedding-rings,

9.

fiunt Nuptice

ubi copulantur
a Sacerdote, 7.
datis Manibus,

8.

ultro ci-

troque,
& Annulis Nuptialibus,
turn epulantur cum

then they feast with the

witnesses that are invited. invitatis testibus.
After this they are called
Abhinc dicuntur

Husband and Wife;

when she

dead he be-cometh a Widower.

is

Maritus & Uxor ;

hdc mortuA ille fit
Viduus.

9.

CXIX.
The Tree

of Consanguinity,

Arbor Consanguinitatis.
Hominem,

In Consanguinity
there touch a Man,
in Lineal Ascent,
the Father

1.

1.

Consanguinitate attingunt

Linea ascendenti,
Pater
in

'

(the Father-in-law),

2.

(Vitricus),\2.

and the Mother

& Mater

(the Mother-in-law), 3.
the Grandfather, 4.
and the Grandmother, 5.

Avus,

(JYoverca),*!,.

&

4.

Avia,

5.

the Great Grandfather, 6.

Proavus, 6.
and the Great Grandmother, & Proavia,
7. the great great

Abavus,

Grandfather, 8.
the great great

Grandmother, 9.
the great great Grandfather s Father, 10.
the great great Grandmother's Mother,

1 1

&

7.

8.

Abavia,

9.

Atavus, 10.

&

Atavia,

1 1

( i5i ;

the great great Grandfather s Grandfather, 12.

the great great Grandmothers Grandmother, 13.
Those beyond these are
called Ancestors, 14.
In a Lineal descent,
the Son [the son-in-law),
and the Daughter, {the
.

Da ugh ter- in -/arc),

14.

15.

Tritavus,

&

Tritavia, 13.

Ulteriores dicuntur
Majores, 14.
14.
In Linea descendenti,
.

Filius (Frivignus), 15.

Filia {Frivigna), 16.

&

16.

the Nephew, 17.

Nepos, 1 7.
& Neptis, 18.
and the Neece, 18.
Pro nepos, 9.
the Nephews Son, 19. and
the Nephews Daughter, 20. & Proneptis, 26.
Ab nepos, 21.
the Nephews Nephew, 2 1
a n d t h e A Teeces Neece, 2 2
& Abneptis, 22.
the Nephews Nephews
i

Son, 23.

Atnepos,

the Neece s Neeces

& Atneptis,

Daughter, 24.
the Nephews Nephews Ne-

phew, 25.
the Neece s Neeces Neece,

Those beyond these are

railed Posterity, 27.
27.
.

24.

Trinepos, 25.

&
26.

23.

Trineptis, 26.

Ulteriores dicuntur
Poster i, 2 7 .... 2 7
.

In a Collateral Line are

the Uncle by the Fathers

In Linea Collaterali

sunt

Pat

i- it

us, 28.

side, 28.

and the Aunt

by the Fathers

&

Amita,

29.

side, 29.

the Uncle by the Mothers

Avunculus, 30.

side, 30.

and the Aunt

thers side, 3

by the

Mo-

&

Matertera, 3

the Brother, 32.

Frater,

and the

&

Sister, 33.

the Brothers Son, 34.

the Sisters Son, 35.
and the Cousin by the Brother

and

Sister, 36.

32.

.SV/w-, 33.

Patruelis, 34.
Sobrinus, 35.

&

Amilinus, 36.

is*;

cxx.
The Society betwixt Parents and Children.

153;

ludit Crepundiis, 11.

playeth with Rattles, n.
& incipit fari.
and beginneth to speak.
As it beginneth to grow
Crescente aetate,
older, it is accustomed to adsuescit
Piety, 12.

Pietati,

and Labour, 13.

and is chastised,

&
&

14.

2.

Labori, 13.

castigatur, 14.

be not dutiful.
si non sit morigerus.
Children owe to Parents
Libert debent Parentibus
Reverence and Service.
Cultum & Officium.
The Father maintaineth
Pater sustentat
his Children
Liberos,

if it

by taking fains,

laboratulo,

15.

CXXI.
The Society betwixt Masters and

Servants.

Societas herilis.

The Master
{the
1.

goodman of

Herns
the House),

hath Men-servants,

2.

{Pa ter fa miHas)

ha bet

Famnios

{Servos),

2.

154;

Hera

the Mistress
{the good
3.

wife of
Maidens, 4.

the House'),

They appoint these

Work,

their

6.

and divide
them their tasks,
are faithfully to

(Mater faniilias),

3.

Ancillas, 4.
Illi

Opera,

&

mandant

his

6.

distribuunt

Laborum Pensa, 5. qua

which
be done by ab his fideliter sunt exse-

5.

them without murmuring quenda sine murmure

and loss: for which their &dispendio; pro quo
Wages, and Meat&x\& Drink Merces & Alimonia
is

allowed them.

Servant was heretofore

a Slave,

whom the

praebentur ipsis.
Servus olim erat
cipium, in quern

ManDomino

Master ha: potestas fuit

vitse & necis
power of life and death.
At this day the poorer
Hodie pauperiores
over

serviunt libere,
sort serve in a free manner,being hired for Wages. conduct! mercede.

Citv.

CXXII.

Urbs.

( 155 ;

or a Toicn, or a City, 2.
vel Oppidum, vel //'&>-, 2.
That and this are fenced
Istud & haec muniuntur
and begirt with a Wall, 3. & cinguntur Mcenibus
a Trench, 4.
(Muro), 3. F0//0, 4.
Bulwarks, 5.
Aggeribus, 5.
and Pallisadoes, 6.
& raZ/fr, 6.
Within the Walls is
Intra muros est
the void Place, 7
without, the Ditch,

Pomcerium,

8.

In the Walls are

Fortresses, 9.

and Towers,

7.

extra, Fossa, 8.
In mcenibus sunt

Propugnacula,

& Tu r res,

10.

Watch- Towers,

11.

are

9.

10.

Specula, 11. ex-

tant in editioribus locis.

the higher places.
entrance into a City
Ingressus in Urbem fit

upon
The
is made out of the
12.

through

Suburbs, ex

Gates,

over the Bridge,

The Gate hath
a Portcullis, 15.
a Draw-bridge,

13.

14.

Su bur bio,

Cataractas,

Pontem

16.

Vulvas,

Locks and Bolts,

Claustra

as also Barrs, 18.

In the Suburbs are

ut

Gardens,

2.

&

5.

versatilcm, 16.

two-leaved Doors, 17.

&

Repagula,

Vectes, 18.

In Suburbiis sunt
Horti, 19.

19.

and Garden-houses,

per Porta m, 13.

super Ponton, 14.
Porta habet

20.

also Burying-places, 21.

and & Suburbana,

ut

&

20.

Coemeteria, 21.

156;

CXXIII.
The inward parts of

a City.

Interiora Urbis.

Within the City are

Streets,

i.

paved with Stones;

(in

For a,

z.

Market-places,

some places with

Galleries),

urbem sunt

Intra

Platece (Vici), 1.
stratae Lapidibus;
2.

(alicubi

cum

Porticibus), 3.

3.

and narrow Lanes,

4,

The Publick Buildings

&

Angiportus,

Publica

4.

aedificia

are in the middle of the

sunt in medio Urbis,

City, the Church,

the School, 6.

Schola,

the Guild -HalI,

7,

5.

Templum,
Curia,

5.

6.

7.

the Exchange, 8.
Do inns Mercaturce, 8.
About the Walls and the Circa Moenia, & Portas
Gates are the Magazine, 9. Armamentarium, 9.
the Granary,

10.

Inns, Ale-houses,
Cooks-shops,

1 r

Granarium,

10.

Diversoria, Popinoz,

& Ca up once,

1 1

( i57 ;

the Play-house,

and the

Spittle, 13.

In the by-places
are Houses of Offiee,
and the Prison, 15.
is

Theatrum, 12.
Nosodochiu m, 13.

2.

In recessibus,
Foricce (Cloacae), 14.

14.

&

In the chief Steeple

the Cloek, 16. and the

Watchmans Dwelling,

est Horologium, 16.

&

17.

In the Streets are Wells,

18.

habitatio Vigilum, 17.

In Plateis sunt Putei,

18.

The

River, 19. or Beck,

runneth about the City,
serveth to wash away the

Fluvius, 19. vel Rivus,

intertluens Urbem,
inservit eluendis
sordibus.

filth.

The Tower,

20.

Arx,

standeth in the highest

part of the City.

best

20.

extat in
Urbis.

summo

CXXIY

Judgment.

The

Custodia (Career), 15.

In turre primaria

Law,

Optimum

is

a quiet agreement,
made either by themselves,

Judicium.

Jus, est

placida conventio,
facta vel ab ipsis,

i5;

betwixt whom the sute is, inter quos lis est

or by an Umpire.
vel ab Arbitro.
If this do not proceed,
Haec si non procedit,
in Forum, 1.
come
into
venitur
i.
Court,
they
(heretofore they judg'd
in the Market-place at
this day in the Moot-hall)
;

in

which the Judge,

2.

sitteth with his Assessors, 3.

the Clerk,

4.

taketh

their Votes in writing.

The

Plaintiff,

5.

(olim judicabant
Foro,
hodie in Prcetorio)
in

cui

Judex

praesidet
3.

(Praetor),

cum

Dicographus,

2.

Assessoribus,
4.

excipit

Vota calamo.
Actor,

5.

accuseth the Defendant, 6. accusat Reum, 6.

and produceth Witnesses,"]. & producit Testes, 7.
contra ilium.
against him.
Feus excusat
The Defendant excuseth
himself by a Counsellor, 8. se per Adz'ocatum, 8.
whom the Plaintiff's Coun- cui Actoris Procurator,
sellor, 9.

contradicts.

contradicit.

Then the Judge

pronounceth Sentence,

Sententiam pronunciat,

acquitting the innocent,

absolvens insontem,

and condemning
him that is guilty,

& damnans

to a Punishment,
or a Fine,

ad Posnam,

or Torment.

vel

Turn Judex

sontem

vel Mulctam,

ad Supplicium.

9.

r 159 ;

cxxv.
The Tormenting

of Malefactors.

Supplicia Malefactorum.
1.

Malefactors,
are brought

Malefici,

r.

producuntur,
e Car cere, 3.

from the Prison, 3.

(where they are wont to be (ubi torqueri solent)
tortured) by Serjeants, 2.
per Lictores, 2.
or dragged with a Horse, 5. vel Equo raptantur, 15.
1

ad locum

to place of Execution.

Eures,

T/iieves, 4.

are hanged by the Hangman, 6. on a Gallows, 5.

Whoremasters
are beheaded,

Carnificc,b.

in Patibulo, 5.

Mcechi

Murtherers

upon

suspenduntur a

decollantur, 7.
Homicidoz (Sicarii)

7.

and Robbers are

either laid

Supplicii.

4.

ac Latrones (Piratae)
a Wheel,

8.

vel

imponuntur

Rotce

cruci/ragio plexi, 8.
having their Legs broken^
or fastened upon a Stake, 9. vel Palo infiguntur,

Witches

Striges (Lamiae)

9.

(i6o)
are burnt in

a.

cremantur super
Rogum, 10.
Quidam antequam

great

Fire, 10.

Some

before they are

executed have their Ton-

supplicio
afficiantur elinguantur,
gues cut out, I I
aut plectuntur Manu,
or have their Hand, 2.
cut off upon a Block, it,, or super Cippian, 13.
.

are burnt with Pincers,

They

14.

that have their

aut Forcipibus,

14.

11.
12.

uruntur

Vita donati,

Life given them,

are set on the Pillory,
or strapado'd, 17. are

16.

constringuntur Numellis,
16.

luxantur,

17.

upon a wooden Horse, 18. imponuntur Equuleo, 18.

have their Ears cut off, 19. truncantur Auribus, 19,
set

are whipped with Rods, 20.

are branded,

are banished,
are condemned
to the

G a Hies,

or to

perpetual Imprisonment.
Traytors are pull'd in
pieces with four Horses,

cceduntur Virgis, 20.

Stigmate notantur,
relegantur,

damnantur
ad Triremes, vel ad

Carcerem perpetuum.
Perduelles discerpuntur
Quadrigis.

Merchandizing

Mercatura,

Wares
Mcrces,
brought from other places aliunde allatae, aliunde
vel commutantur
are either exchanged
in Do mo Commerciorum,
in an Exchange, I.
Ivel exponuntur venum
or exposed to sale
in Warehouses,

2.

and they are sold

measured

with an Eln,

4.

[vel

Pccunia (moneta),
mensuratae

Ulna,

4.

vel ponderatae

Bala /ices,

Shop-keepers,

Pedlars,

& venduntur

[pro

or weighed
in a pair of

in Tabernis Mercimoniorum,
2.

for Money, 3.
being either

5.

Libra,

5.

Tabernarii.

6.

and Brokers, 8.
would also be called

&

Merchants,

Mercatores,

The

9.

Seller

braggeth of a thing
that is to be sold,

6.

Circumforanei,

7.

1,

7.

Scrutarii, 8.

etiam volunt dici

9.

Venditor

ostentat

rem

promercalem,

3.

162;

and setteth the

and how much
it

may be

rate of

it,

10.

and offereth the

If any one

indicat pretium,"

quanti

sold for.

The Buyer,

&

liceat.

cheapneth

Emptor,

&

price.

pretium

10. licetur,

offert.

Si quis

bid against him, 11. the

thing is delivered to him
that promiseth the most.

contralicetur, 11.

res addicitur
qui pollicetur plurimum.
ei

CXXVII.
Mensurae & Pondera.

Measures and Weights.

We measure things that Res continuas metimur

hang together with an Eln, Ulna, 1.
1.

liquid things

with a Gallon,

liquidas

2.

Congio,

and dry things

by a two-bushel Measure,

We

3.

try the heaviness of

things by Weights,
and Balances, 5.
In this

is first

4.

2.

aridas

Mcdimno, 3.
Gravitatem rerum ex-

perimur Ponderibus,

&

Libra (bilance), 5.
In hac primd est

4.

( i6 3 ;

the Beam, 6.
in the midst whereof

Jugum
a

is

in

above

little Axle-tree, 7.

the cheeks and the

which the Needle, 9.

moveth it self to and fro
on both sides

trutina
in
:

are the Scales, 10.

hanging by

The

Cords, 11.

B'rasters balance,

12.

6.

cujus medio

Axiculus,

hole, 8.

in

little

(Scapus),

&

7.

superius

agina,

8.

qua Examen,

9.

sese agitat

utrinque
sunt Lances,

10.

pendentes Funiculis,
Statera,

11.

2.

weigheth things by hang- ponderat res,suspendendo

illas Unco, 13.
ing them on a Hook, 13.
and the Weight, 14.
& Pondus, 14.
ex opposito, quod
opposite to them which
in (a)

in (a)

much

rei,

weigheth just as
as the thing,
in (b) twice so much
in (c) thrice so much, &c.

Patient,

in (b) bis tantum,

in (c) ter, &c.

CXXVIII.

Physick

The

aequiponderat

sgrotans,

1.

sendeth for a Physician,

2.

Ars Medica.

I.

accersit Medicum,

2.

who

feeleth his Pulse,

3,

i6 4 )

qui tangit ipsius Arteriam,

and looketh upon his Wa- 3. &

ter, 4. and then prescribeth turn
a Receipt in a Bill,

That

is

made

praescribit Medicamentum in Schedula,

5.

6.

in a Apothecaries Shop,

7.

are kept in Drawers,

and

or Powder,
or TV/A, 13.

2.

in Capsulis, 8.

Pyxidibus,

9.

& Lagenis,

10.

vel Pillule, 13.

vel Pastilli, 14.
vel Electuarium,

15.

and Prayer,
Chirurgeon,

cureth Wounds,

and

adservantur

vel Potio, 11.

vel Pulvis, 1 2.

1.

17.

est
18.

19,

&

15.

Oratio, 16.

optima Medicina.

Chirurgus, ,1 8
curat Vulnera, 17.
.

&

Ulcers,

with Plasters,

Diceta

16.

the best Physick.

The

7.

Estque

or Trochisks, 14.
or an Electuary,
Z>zV/

a Pharmacopceo, 6.
in Phar?nacopolio,

it is

either a Potion,

is

8.

9.

Gally-pots, 10.

And

5.

ubi Pharmaca

where Drugs
Boxes,

4.

Istud paratur

ready-

by an Apothecary,

inspicit Urinam,

Ulcera,

Spleniis (emplastris), 19.

Burial

Sepultura.

'Dead Folks
heretofore were burned,

Defuncti
lolim cremabantur,

and

j& Cineres

their

Ashes

put into an Urn,

We enclose
our dead Folks
in a Coffin,

lay

1.
,

2.

recondebantur in Urna,
Nos includimus
nostros Demortuos
Loculo, (Capulo),

them upon

a Bier,

3.

imponimus

and see they be carried out & curamus

2.

Feretro, 3.
efferri

Funeral Pomp
Pompd Funebri
towards the Church-yard,^. versus Coemeterium,
in a

where they are

laid

ubi inferuntur,

5.

a Vespillonibus,

in a Grave, 6.

Sepulchro,

by the Bearers,

and are interred

this

is

covered with

a Grave-stone,

and

is

7.

adorned

with Tombs,

and

8.

Epitaphs,

9.

6.

& humantur

5.

hoc tegitur
Cippo,

&

7.

ornatur

Monumentis, 8.
ac Epitaphiis, 9.

4.

1.

If 166 ;

As the Corps go along

Psalms are sung,

Hymni

and the

&

Bells are rung, 10.

Funere prodeunte,
cantantur,

cxxx.

Stage-play

In a Play-house,

10.

Campanoz,

Ludus Scenicus.

In Theatro,

1.

pulsantur.

1.

(which is trimmed
with Hangings, 2. and
covered with Curtains, 3.)
Comedies and Tragedies are

tegitur Sipariis, 3.)

Co me dice vel Tragcedice

acted,

aguntur,

(quod vestitur
2.

Tapetibus,

&

wherein memorablethings quibus repraesentantur res

memorabiles
are represented
;

as here, the History

of the Prodigal Son,

and
by

his Father,

whom

he

is

ut hie, Historia
4.

5.

entertain'd, a

being return'd home.

The

Players act

being in disguise;
the Fool,

6.

de Filio Prodigo,

&

maketh

Patre,

quo

5.

recipitur,

domum

redux.
Adores {Histriones) agunt

personati
Morio, 6. dat Jocos.
;

Jests.

4.

ipsius,

r 167 j

The
tors

the

chief of the SpectaSpectatorum primarii,

sedent in Orchestra, 7.
the Gallery, 7.

sit in

common

sort stand

on the Ground, 8.
and clap the hands,
if

plebs stat
in Cavea, 8.

&

anything please them.

si

plaudit,
quid arridet.

CXXXI.

Sleights.

Praestigiae.

The Tumbler, 1.
maketh several Shows

PrcBstigiator, 1.
facit varia Spectacula,

by the nimbleness of his

body, walking to and fro
on his hands,

volubilitate

corporis,

deambulando

ma nib us,

leaping

saliendo

through a Hoop, 2. &c.

Sometimes also

per Circulum, 2. &c.

Interdum etiam

he danceth, 4.
having on a Vizzard.

The

Jugler,

sheweth

3.

sleights,

out of a Purse.

tripudiat, 4.

Larvatus.
Agyrta,

3.

facit prcestigias
e Marsupio.

The

Rope-dancer,

i68)
Funambulus,

5.

goeth and danceth

upon

a Hope,

holdeth a Poise,
in his

graditur

manu

hand;
7.

&c.

manu

vel pede, 7. &c.

CXXXII.

Fencers
in a

Palestra.

Pugiles

Duel

congrediuntur Duello

in a Fencing-place,

fighting with Swords,

or Pikes, 2.

and Halberds,

in Palestra,
1.

decertantes vel Gladiis,

vel Hastilibus,

4.

having balls at the point

wound one

Bipennibus, 3.
vel Semispathis, 4.
vel Ensibus, 5.

mucro7iem

obligatis,

(ne laedet

they
another mortally)
or with two edged- Swords

lethaliter)
vel Frameis

and a Dagger,

&

6.

2.

&

3.

or Short-swords,
or Rapiers, 5.
(lest

6.

aut suspendit se

The Fencing-School.

meet

5.

saltat

super Funem,
ten ens Halterem,

6.

or hangeth himself
byjthe hand or foot,

&

together.

Pugione,

6,

simul.

1.

( i6 9 )
Wrestlers,

Luctatores,

7.

7.

(among the Romans

in time past werenayked
and anointed with Oyl)

(apud Romanos
olim nudi

take hold of one another

prehendunt

and

& annituntur

strive

whether

can throw the other,

&

inuncti Oleo)
se

invicem

uter

alterum prosternerepos-

especially by tripping up his

sit,

heels, 8.

supplantando,

praeprimis
8.

Hood-winked Fencers, 9.
Andabatoz, 9.
fought with their fists in pugnabant pugnis
a ridiculous strife, to wit, ridiculo certamine,
with their Eyes coverered. nimirum Oculis obvelatis.

CXXXIII.

Tennis-play.

In a Tennis Court, 1.
they play with a Ball,

Ludus

In Sphozristerio,
2.

luditur Pild,

which one throweth,

and another taketh,
and sendeth it back

quam

with a Racket,

Reticulo,

3.

2.

alter mittit,

alter excipit,
& remittit
3.

1.

Pilae.

Wind-ball,

being

filled

idque est Lusus

Nobilium ad

and that is the Sport

of Noble Men
to stir their Body.

commotionem Corporis.
Follis (pila

4.

magna),

by means of a Ventil,
is tossed to and fro

ope Epistomii,

with the

Pug no,

in the

Fist,

open

most

5.

sub Dio.

Air.

CXXXIV.

Dice-plav

We

reverberberatur

5.

play with Dice,

either they that

4.

distenta Aere

with Air,

1.

Ludus

Tesseris {talis),

1.

Aleae.

ludi-

throw the mus vel Tlistobolindam

take up all ;

or we throw them
through a Casting- box,

vel
2.

immittimus

upon a Board, 3.
marked with figures,
and this is Dice-players game idque
at casting Lots.

Men

play by Luck and

illas

per Frittillum, 2.
in Tabellam, 3.
notatam numeris,
est

Ludas

Sortilegii

Aleatorum,
Sorte

&

Arte luditur

Skill ?X Tables.

Calculis

in a pair of Tables, 4.

in Alveo aleatorio, 4.

( i7i ;

and

at Cards,

We

&

5.

Chartis lusoriis, 5.
Abaculis

Ludimus

play at Chesse

on a

Chesse-board,

only

art beareth the sway. sola ars regnat.

where

6.

is

the

Game

of

Chesse, 7. wherein as
were two Armies

est

7. quo veluti
duo Exercitus

it

fight together in Battel.

confligunt Praelio.

CXXXV.

Races.

ubi

Ingeniosissimus Ludus
Ludus Latrunculorum y

The most ingenious

Game

in Abaco, 6.

Cursus Certamina.

Pueri exercent
Boys exercise themselves
by running, either upon cursu, sive super
the

Ice,

1.

in Scrick-shoes, 2.

Glaciem,

1.

se

Diabatris,

2.

where they are carried also ubi etiam vehuntur

upon

Sleds, 3.

or in the open

Trahis,

3.

sive in

Campo,

making a Line, 4.
he that desireth to

designantes Lineam, 4.
which
quam qui vincere cupit
win, ought to touch, but debet attingere, at
not to run beyond it.
non ultrd procurrere.
Field,

Heretofore Runners,
run betwixt Rails, 6.

5.

Olim decurrebant Cursores, 5. inter Cancellos, 6.

(
7. and
he that toucheth it

first

receiveth the Prize,

8.

ad Metam,

to the Goal,

from

him that gave the prize,

At this day Tilting
(or the quintain)

(where
is

72 )

is

9.

used,

a Hoop, 11.

struck at with

qui

7.

&

primum contingebat

earn, accipiebat

Brabeum,

(prcemium), 8. a Brabeuta, 9.
Hodie Hastiludia

habentur,
(ubi Circuius,

1 1.

petitur

a Truncheon, 10.) inLancea, 10.)

stead of Horse-races, which loco Equiriorum, quae
abierunt in desuetudinem.
are grown out of use.

Boys Sport.

CXXXVI.

Ludi Pueriles.

Bueri solent ludere

Boys use to play

either with Bowling-stones
1. or throwing a Bo7vl, 2.

vel Globis fictilibus,

at Nine-pins, 3.
or striking a Ball,

ad Conas, 3.
vel mittentes Sphcerulam

through a Ring, 5.
with a Bandy, 4.
or scourging a Top,
with a Whip, 7.

per Annulum,
Clava,
6.

1.

vel jactantes Globum,

2.

5.

4.

versantes Turbinem,
Flagello,

7.

6.

73 )

or shooting with a Trunk,%. vel jaculantes Sclopo, 8.

& Arcu, 9. vel incidentes

and a Bow, 9. or going

upon Stiffs, 10. or tossing
and swinging themselves
upon a Merry-totter, 11.

Grallis, 10. vel super

Petaurum, 11.se

agitantes

&

oscillantes.

CXXXVII.
The Kingdom and

Regnum &
Many
make

Cities

and

Villages

Regio.
Multae Urbes

in the chief City,

& Regnum.
re1.

Rex aut Princeps

sedet in Metropoli. 1.

Barones,

the Noblemen, Lords,

Nobiles,

and Earls dwell

&

in the Castles,

2.

in Arcibus,

that lie about

it

Villages,

Comites habitant
2.

circumjacentibus

the Country People

dwell in

& Pagi

faciunt Regionem

a Region

and a Kingdom.
The King or Prince
si deth

the Region.

Rustici
3.

in 7V'->',

3-

( 174 J

He

hath his

toll-places

upon
and high-Roads, 5.
where Portage and To Ilag e
is exacted of them
navigable Rivers,

4.

that sail

Habet telonia sua

juxta Flumina navigabilia,
4.

&

Vias regias,

ubi Portorum

&

5.

Vectigal

exigitur
a navigantibus
& iter facientibus.

or travel.

CXXXVIII.
Regal Majesty

The King,

Regia Majestas.

Rex,

1.

sitteth on his Throne,

in Kingly State,

with a stately Habit, 3.

a Diadem,
holding a Scepter, 5.

crowned with

4.

in his Hand,
being attended with

Company
The

chief

are the Chancellor, 6.

with the Counsellors

redimitus Diademate,
tenens Sceptrum, 5.

4.

manu,
stipatus

of Courtiers.

among

sedet in suo Solio, 2.

in regio splendore,
magnifico Habitu, 3.

2.

these,

frequentia Aulicorum.
Inter hos primarii sunt
Cancellarius, 6.

cum

Consiliariis

and

175;

& Secretariis,
Prafeetus Prcetorii,

Secretaries,

the Lord-marshall,
the Comptroller, 8.
the Cup-bearer,
the Taster, 10.

7.

Aula

Dapifer,

and the Master of

3

2.

the

1 1

Subordinantur
his

the Noble Courtiers,

Nobiles Aulici, 14.

Nobile Famulitium,

14.

the Noble Pages, 5.

with the Chamberlains,
1

Lacquies, 16.

Stipatores, 17.

cum

He solemnly giveth Au-

Satellitio.

Solemniter recipit

dience to the Ambassadors Legatos

of Foreign Princes, 18.
exterorum,
He sendeth
Ablegat

18.

his Vice-gerents,

Vicarios suos,

Deputies,

Administra tores,

Governors,

Treasurers,

Prafcctos, Qucestores,

and Ambassadors

&

to other places,
he sendeth
to

aliorsum,

whom

new Commissions ever

and anon by the Posts,

The Fool, 20.

maketh Laughter
toysom Actions.

15.

cum Cubiculariis,
& Cursoribus, 16.

the Guard, 17.

with their Attendance.

by

to these

his

Archi-Cubicularius, 12.
& Stabuli agister, 1 3

There are subordinate

and

10.

Thesaurarius,

Horse,

agister, 8.

Pocillator (pincerna), 9.

9.

the Treasurer, 1 1
the High Chamberlain,
1

7.

Legatos,

quibus mittit

Mandata nova
19.

subinde per Veredarios,

Morio, 20.

movet Risum
ludicris Actionibus.

19.

nt)
CXXXIX.
(

The

Soldier.

If we be to make War
Soldiers are lifted, i.

Si

Horum Arma

2.

(which is adorned with a

Crest) and the Armour,

whose parts are

a Breast-plate,
Arm-pieces, 5.

cum Lorica, 8.
& 6W//V? (Clypeo),
haec sunt

Framea,

&

i?<?//,

15.

Arma

9.

defensiva,

1 1.

Acinaces,

2.

qui reconduntur
Vagina,

and are girded with a GYror

6.

7.

Gladius, 10.
1 1

12.

4.

Offensiva sunt

which are put up into

14.

Ma?iicce,

offensive are

a Scabbard,

1.

sunt,

2.)

Thorax,

Brachialia, 5.
Ocrece ferrex,

a Sword, 10.
a two-edged Sword,

dle,

Galea (Cassis,
(quae ornatur

re us, 3.

4.

Greaves, 7.
with a Ctftf/ 0/ Mail, 8.
and a Buckler, 9. these
are the defensive Arms.

a Falchion,

est

Crista) & Armatura,

a Collar,^. cujus partes Torquis fa-

Leg-pieces, 6.

The

bellandum

scribuntur Milites.

Their Arms are

a Head-piece,

Miles.

13.

accinguntur Cingulo,

14.

vel Baltheo,

15.

77 )

{Fascia militaris, 16.

inservit ornatui)

(a Scarf, 16.

serveth for ornament)

a two handed- Sword, 17.

Romphcea,

and a Dagger,

&

18.

In these is the Haft,

with the Pummel, 20.

and the Blade, 21.

having a Point, 22.
in the middle are the
Back, 23. and the Edge,

19.

cum Porno,
& Verutum,

20.
2

Cuspidatum, 22.
in
24.

medio

Dorsum,

The other Weapons are

a /V/&, 25. a

17.

Pugio, 18.
In his est Manubrium,\g

23.

&

Acies, 24.

Reliqua arma sunt

albert, 26.
Hasta, 25. Bipennis, 26.
the Haft, 27. (in quibus Hastile, 27.
and the Head, 28.) a
& Mucro, 28.)
Club,zg. and a Whirlebat,$o. Clava, 29. & Ccestus, 30.

(in

which

They

is

and

Pugnatur eminiis

fight at a distance

with Muskets,

Pistols, 32.

Bombardis (Sclopetis),

1 .

which

are charged with Bullets,

33. out of a Bullet-bag, 34.

&

Sclopis, 32.

quae

onerantur

and with Gun-powder

Globis, 33.
d Theca bombardica, 34.
& Pulvere nitrato

out of a Bandalier,

The Camps.

35.

Pyxide pulveraria, 35.

31.

178;

When a Design is under- Expeditione sustaken the Camp, 1. is

ceptd, Castra, 1.
Te?its
and
the
of
iocantur & Tentoria Linpitched
Canvas, 2. or Straw, 3.
are fastned with Stakes

tels, 2.

vel Stramentis,

and they entrench them

eaque circumdant,

about for security's sake,

with Bulwarks, 4.
and Ditches, 5.

securitatis gratid

Sentinels, 6. are also set;

6.

and

Scouts,

Sallyings
are

made

The

7.

out, 8.

skirmishing.

Pavilion of the

Lord General

is

in the

midst of the Camp,

The Army and

When

&

4.

Fossis, 5. Excubioz,

constituuntur; & Ex7. emittuntur.

Excursioncs,

for

in

Aggeribus,

are sent out. ploratores,

Forage
and Plunder-sake, where
they often cope with the
Enemy,

3.

figuntur Paxillis j

10.

the Fi<rht.

the Battel

8.

fiunt Pabulationis

& Praedae causa, ubi

saepius confligitur cum
9. velitando.

Hostibus,

Tentorium

summi Imperatoris
medio Castrorum,

CXLI. Acies &

Quando Pugna

est in
10.

Proelium.

79 )

is

committenda

Army

Acies instruitur, &

dividitur in Frofitem,

to be fought the
is set in order, and
divided into the Front, i.
the Rere, z.
and the IVi/igs, 3.

The

Foot,

Tergum, 2.
& Alas {Cornua),
Peditatus,

4.

est,

Fouitalui,

into Companies,
this into Troops.

in Centurias,
hie in Turmas.

intermiscetur
Ille

These carry Fanners,

those Flags, 7.
in the midst of them.
Their Officers

3.

4.

are intermixed
with the Horse, 5.
That is divided

6.

5.

distinguitur

Illae in

medio ferunt

Vcxilla, 6.
hae Labara, 7.

Eorum Praefecti sunt,

Decuriones, Signiferi,

are,

Corporals, Ensigns,
Lieutenants, Captains,

1.

g.

Commanders of

Vicarii, Centuriones, 8.

the Horse, 9.
Lieutenant Colonels,

Magistri Equitum,

Colonels,

ChiliarcJue,

9.

Tribuni,

that is the chief of & summus omnium

all, the General.
Imperator.
The Drummers, 10.
TympanistcB, 10.
and the Drumslades, 1 1.
& Tympanotribce, n.
as also the Trumpeters, 12. ut & Tubicines, 2.
vocant ad A rma
call to Arms,
and inflame the Soldier.
& inflammant Militem.

and he

At the first Onset

the Muskets, 13. and
Ordnance, 14. are shot off.
Afterwards they fight,
hand

hand
with Pikes and Swords.
15.

to

TJiey that are overcome

are

slain.

6.

Primo Conflictu,
BombardcB, 13. &
Tormenta,\\. exploduntur.
Postea pugnatur,

cominus
LLastis

&

Gladiis.

Victi

trucidantur,

6.

or taken prisoners,
vel capiimtur,
or run away, 7.
vel aufugiunt, 17.
that
are
the
ReSuccenturiati, 8.
They
for
1

serve,

come upon them

superveniunt

15.

( >8o J

out of their places ivherc

ex

insidiis.

they lay in wait.

The

Impedimenta,

Carriages, 19.

are plundered.

The Sea-Fight.

A
is

CXLII.

quum

Ships,

ingentes./Vtfzw,
veluti Arces,

like Castles,

run one upon another

with their Beaks, 1.
or shatter one another
with their Ordnance, 2.
and so being bored thorow
they drink in

own

Destruction,

they are set on

and either by the

of Gun-powder,

4.

concurrunt
Rostris,

1.

aut se invicem quassant

Tormentis,

2.

atque ita perforata,

imbibunt

perniciem suam

&

sunk, 3.

Or when
fire

Navalis.

terribile est,

terrible,

and are

Pugna

Navale prcelium

Sea-fight

when huge

their

19.

spoliantur.

submerguntur,

3.

Aut quum igne

firing untur,

&

corripivel ex incendio

pulveris tormentarii,

4.

( i8i ;

men

are blown up into the

or are burnt in the
midst of the waters,
or else leaping into the
Sea are drowned.

air,

Navis fugitiva,

Ship that fiieth away,

overtaken
by those that pursue
5. is

and

homines ejiciuntur in
aerem, vel exuruntur in
mediis aquis,
vel etiam desilientes in
mare, suffocantur.

is

5.

intercipitur
her, 6.

ab insequentibus,

&

taken.

6.

capitur.

CXLIII.

The Besieging of a

A*Cily that
is

like to

is first

endure a

Siege,

summoned

by a Trumpeter, 1.
and persuaded to yield.

Which
it is

Obsidium Urbis.

City.

Urbs
passura Obsidionem,
primum provocatur
per Tubicinem, 1.
& invitatur ad Depitionem

refuseth to do,
Quod si abnuat facere,
assaulted by the Be- oppugnatur ab Obsidenti-

siegers,

if it

and taken by

bus

&

occupatur.

storm.

Either by climbing over

Vel muros per

the walls with Scaling-lad- transcendendo,

ders,

2.

Scalas,

2.

f l82j

or breaking them down

with Battering-engins, 3.
or demolishing them
with great Guns, 4.
or breaking through the
Gates with a Petarr, 5.
or casting Granadoes, 6.
out of Mortar-pieces, 7.

aut diruendo
Arietibus, 3.

aut demoliendo

Tor mentis,
vel

4.

dirumpendo

portas Exostra,

5.

vel

ejaculando Globos TormenMortariis

tarios, 6. e

(balis-

Urbem

into the City,

tis), 7.

by Engineers, 8.
(who lye behind

per Balistarios, 8.
(qui latitant post

Leagure baskets, 9.)

or overthrowing it with

Gerras, 9.)
vel subvertendo

Mines by Pioneers,

Cuniculis per Fossores, 10.

Obsessi

10.

They that are besieged

defend themselves

from the Walls, 11.

with fire and stones, &c,
or break out by force,

A
that
is

12.

City
is

taken by Storm

plundered,

in

defendunt se
de Muris, 1 1.
ignibus, lapidibus, &c.
aut erumpunt, 12.

Urbs
vi expugnata,

diriditur,

destroyed,

exciditur,

and sometimes laid even

with the ground.

interdum equatur
solo.

Religion

Religio.

Godliness,

i.

Pietas,

of Vertues,
worshippeth God, 4. devoutly, the Knowledge of God
being drawn either from
the Book of Nature, 2.
(for the work commendeth
the Work-master)

the

Notitia Dei,
hausta vel ex
Libro Naturce,

2.

Artificem)
vel

Scripture, 3.

(nam opus commendat

or from the

Book of

Retina Virtutum
colit Dcum, 4. hum il iter,

Queen

ex

Libro Scriptures,

3.

she meditateth

upon his irecolit

Commandmentscontained Mandata ejuscompre5. and
Reason
under
treading

:hensa in Decalogo,

in the Decalogue,

foot, that

Barking Dog,

she giveth Faith,

and assent

Word

6.

7.

of God,
and calleth upon him, 8.
as a Helper in adversity.
to the

Divine Services

5.

& conculcans Rationem,

oblatrantem Canetn,

praebet Fidem,

6.

7.

& assensum
Verbo Dei,

eumque

invocat, 8. ut

Opitulatorem
Officia

in adversis.

Divina

r is 4 ;

are done in the Church,

in which are the Quire,
with the Altar, n.
the Vestry, 12.
the Pulpit, 13.

9.

10.

tum,

^/,

All
there

is

men

cum

10.)

Sacrarium,

(Ady-

Altari, 11.

12.

Suggestus, 13.

Seats, 14.
Galleries, 15.

and a

fiunt in Templo, 9.
in quo est Penetrale

Subsellia, 14.

Ambones,

&

16.

perceive that

15.

Baptisterium, 16.

Omnes homines

senti-

unt esse Deum,

God,
but all men do not
rightly know God.

sed non omnes

recte ndrunt Deum.

Hence are divers Religions

Hinc diversae Religiones
whereof IV. are reckoned quarum IV. numerantur
adhuc primariae.
yet as the chief.

CXLV.

Gentilism.

The

Gentiles feigned

to themselves near

upon

Gentilimus.

Gentiles finxerunt
sibi

prope

XI IM. Numina.
XI I M. Deities.
The chief of them were
Eorum prsecipua
Jupiter,
petty- God

1.

President,

of Heaven];

and

Jupiter,

Deaster

Prceses

cceli ;

&

erant

( **s )
i. of the Sea
of Hell;
Mars, 4. of War
Apollo, 5. of Arts
Mercury, 6. of Thieves,

Neptune,
Pluto,

3.

Merchants,

4.

Belli

Artium
6. Furum,
Mercatorum,

Apollo,

5.

Mercurius,

Eloquentiae
Vulcanus {Mulciber),

Vulcan, {Mulciber)

of Fire and Smiths

solus. of Winds

and the most obscene of

the rest, Priapus.
They had also
Womanly Deities

all

such as were Venus, 7.

the Goddess of Loves,
and Pleasures, with
her little son Cupid, 8.
Minerva {Pallas), with
the nine Muses of Arts ;
Juno, of Riches and Weddings; Vesta, of Chastity;

Corn

Mars,

&

and Eloquence;

Ceres, of

Neptunus, 2. Maris;
Pluto, 3. Inferni

Diana, of Hunting,

Ignis

& Fabrorum;

jFolus,

Ventorum

&

obscaenissimus,
Priapus.
Habuerant etiam

Muliebria Numina:
qualia fuerunt Venus,

7.

Dea Amorum,

& Voluptatum, cum

filiolo Cupidine, 8.

Minerva

novem

{Pallas),

cum

Afusis Artium

Juno, Divitiarum &Nuptiarum

Vesta, Castitatis
;

Frumentorum
Diana, Venationum;
Ceres,

& Fortuna
and Fortune;
and besides these Morbona, quin & Morbona,
ac Febris ipsa.
and Febris her self.
:

The Egyptians,
instead of God
worshipped all sorts
of Beasts and Plants,
and whatsoever they saw
first in the morning.

The

Philistines offered

sFgyptii,

pro Deo
colebant

omne genus

Animalium & Plantarum,

& quicquid conspiciebantur primum mane.

Philistcei offerebant

to Moloch,^), their Children Molocho {Saturno), 9. Into be burnt alive,

fantes cremandos vivos.

The Indians, 10. even to

Indi, 10. etiamnum
this day, worship the
venerantur
Devil,

1 1

Cacodamona,

1 1

Judaism

Judaismus.

Yet the true Worship

of the true God,
remained with the Patriarchs, who lived before
and after the Flood.

Verus tamem

Cultus

veri Dei,

remansitapud Patriarchas,
qui vixerunt ante
& post Diluvium.
Inter hos,
Amongst these,
that Seed of the Woman,
Semen illud Mulieris,
the Messias of the World, Messias Mundi,

was promised to Abraham,

i. the Founder of the J^eivs,
the Father of them that
believe: and he (being
called away from the Gen-

promissus est Abrahamo.

Conditori Judaorum,
Patri credentium
& ipse (avocatus
a Gentilibus)
:

cum Posteris,
with his Posterity,
being marked with the Sac- notatus Sacrarament of Circumcision, 2.
mento Circumcisionis,
tiles)

made

a peculiar people,

and Church of God.

Afterwards

God

gave his Law, written

with his own Finger
in Tables of Stone,

to this

people

5.

2.

constitutus singularis
populus, & Ecclesia Dei.

Postea Deus
exhibuit Legem suam,
scriptam Digito suo
in Tabu/is Lapideis,

huic Populo

5.

1.

by Moses,

Mount

in

87 ;

3.

per

Sinai, 4.

in

Mo sen,

Monte

3.

Sinai, 4.

Porro ordinavit

Furthermore, he ordained

manducationem Agni Pas-

the eating- the Paschal

Lamb, 6. and Sacrifices to

chalis, 6. & Sacrificia
be offered upon an Attar, 7. offerenda in Attari, 7.
per Sacerdotes, 8.
by Priests, 8.
and Incense, 9. and com& Suffitus, 9. & jussit

manded

a Tabernacle, 10.

Tabernaculuni, o.
Foederis,
1

cum Area

with the Ark of the Covenant, 11. to be made:

and besides,
a brazen Serpent, 1 2
to be set up against the
biting ot Serpents in the
.

in

Qua) omnia
Typi erant Messice
venturi, quern
"Judtzi ad hue expectant.

yet look for.

CXLVII.

Christianity.

The only begotten

nal Son of God,

Deserto.

All which things

were Types of the Messias
to come, whom

Jews

fieri

morsum Serpentum

Wilderness.

the

1.

prseterea,
ceneum Serpcntem, 12.
erigi contra

3.

eterj

Christianismus.

Unigeuiius aeiemus
Dei Filius, 3.

being promised to
our first Parents in Paradise, at the last being conceived by the Holy Ghost,

most Holy Womb

of the Virgin Mary, i. of
the royal house of David
and clad with humane
in the

flesh,

came

into the

World

at Bethlehem of Judcea,

in the extream poverty

of a Stable, 2.
in the fullness of time,
in the year of the world
3970, but pure from all sin,
and the name of Jesus
was given him,
which signifieth a Saviour.
When he was sprinkled

with holy Baptism, 4.

(the Sacrament
of the new Covenant)
by John his Forerunner,;,
in Jordan,
the most sacred Mystery
of the divine Trinity,

88;
promissus
Protoplastis in Paradiso,

tandem conceptus per Sanctum Spiriturn in sanctissimo utero

Virginis Marice,

de do mo regia Davidis,
& indutus humana
carne, prodiit in mundura
Bethlehemoz Judced,
in

summa

Stabuli,

paupertate

2.

impleto tempore,

Anno Mundi 3970,

sed mundus ab omni peccato

& nomen Jesu

impositum

quod
Hie,

fuit ei,

significat Salvatorem.

cum imbueretur

sacro Baptismo,

4.

{Sacramento
novi Foederis)
a Johanne praecursore suo,
in Jordane apparuit
sacratissimum Mysterium
Divinae Trinitatis,

5.

Patris
appear'd by the Father's
voice, 6. (whereby he testi- voce, 6. (qua testabatur
fied that this was his Son)
hunc esse Filium suum)
and the Holy Ghost in the & Spiritu sane to
shape of a Dove, 7. coming in specie Columbce, 7.
down from Heaven.
delabente coelitus.
From that time, being
Ab eo tempore,
the 30th year of his Age,
tricesimoanno aetatis suae,
unto the fourth year, he
usque an annum quartum,
declared who he was, his declaravit quis esset,
words and works manifest- verbis & operibus prae se
ferentibus Divinitatem,
ing his Divinity, being
neither owned, nor enter- necagnitus, nee acceptus
tained by the ^<?zw,because a Judozis, ob
ofhis voluntary poverty.
voluntariam pauperatem.

He was

at last

89 )

Captus tandem ab

taken by

his (quum prius inthese (when he had first

instituted the Mystical Sup- stituisset Coenam Mysticam y
per, 8.

of his Body and Blood

for a Seal

8.

in

Corporis

&

Sanguinis sut\

Sigillum

of the new Covenant and the novi Foederis, &

remembrance of himself) sui recordationem)
carried to the Judgmentrapt us ad Tribunal
seat of Pilate,
Pilati,

Governour under

Ccesar,

accused and condemned

as an innocent Lamb ; and
being fastned upon a Cross,
9. he dyed, being
sacrificed upon the Altar
for the sins of the

Praefecti Ccesarei,

accusatus & damnatus est

Agnus innocentissimus
actusque in Crucem, 9.
mortem subiit,
immolatus in ara
;

World. pro peccatis mundi.

But when he had revived

by his Divine Power, he
rose again the third day
out of the Grave, 10.
and forty days after
being taken up
from Mount Olivet, 11,

Sed quum revixisset

Divina sua Virtute,

into Heaven,

in Ccelum,

2.

resurrexit tertia die

h Sepulchro, 10.

&

post dies XL.

sublatus
de Monte Olive ti,

and returning thither

whence he came,

& eo

he vanished as it were,
while the Apostles, 13.
gazed upon him,
to whom he sent
his Holy Spirit, 14.
from Heaven, the tenth day

quasi evanuit,

after his Ascension,

and them, (being

filled with his power)
into the World
to preach of him;

1.

12.

rediens

unde venerat,
Apos tolls,

13.

aspectantibus,
quibus misit
Spiritum Sanctum,
de Cwlo, decima
die post Ascensum,
ipsos vero, (hac
virtute impletos)
in

14.

Mundum

pra^dicaturos
olim rediturus
;

being henceforth to come

again to the last Judgment, ad Judicium extremum y
sitting in the mean time
jinterea sedens

( *9

at the right hand

the Father,

ad dextram

of

and interceding

From

Patris,

& intercedens pro

for us.

Ab hoc

we

this Christ

are called Christians, and

are saved in him alone.

dicimur

Christiani,

Mahometismus.

Mahomet,

i.

a warlike Man,

Homo

invented to himself

excogitabat

new Religion,

mixed with Judaism,

Christianity and Gentilism,
by the advice of a Jew,

and an Arian Monk,

named

Sergius

fe

2.

n g,

whilst he had the Fit of

bellator,
sibi

novam Religionem,
mixtam ex Judaismo,
Christianismo

consilio

nomine

&

it doe i,

& Monachi

3.

gn

nobis.

Christo

inque eo solo salvamur.

CXLVIIf.

Mahometism.

Ma/wmet,

Gentilismo,
2.

Ariani,

Sergii ;

fin

3.

gens,

dura laboraret Epilepsia,

the Falling-sickness,

that the Archangel Gabriel

and the Holy Ghost,

A rch a ngclu m Ga briclem

talked with him,

secum colloqui,

&

Spiritum Sanctum,

(w)
using a Pigeon,
to fetch

adsuefaciens Columbam,

4.

petere

out of his Ear.

As sec Ice ejus

His Followers
refrain themselves

abstinent se

from Wine;

a Vino ;

are circumcised,

circumciduntur,
sunt Polygarni ;
exstruunt Sacella, 5.
de quorum Turriculis,
convocantur ad sacra

have many Wives;

build Chapels,

from the

5.

whereof,
they are called to Holy
Service not by Bells,
but bv a Priest, 6. they
wash themselves often, 7.
Steeples

they deny the Holy Trinity:

they honour Christ,
not as the Son of God,
but as a great Prophet,
yet less than Mahomet ;
they call their Law,
the Alchoran.

Gods Providence.

Mens

4.

Escam
ex Aure sua.

Meat

States

non a Campanis,
sed a Sac er dote, 6.
saepius se abluunt, 7.
negant SS. Trinitatem

Christum honorant,
non ut Dei Filium,
sed ut magnum Prophetam,

minorem tamen Mahomete;

Legem suam vocant
Alcoran.

CXLIX.

Providentia Dei.

Humana) Surtes

r9 2)
non tribuendae sunt

are not to be attributed

Fortunes aut Casui,

to Fortune or Chance,
or the Influence of the Stars, aut Influxui Siderum,
{Comets,

1.

{Cometoz,

1.

indeed are wont to portend no good)

but to the provident

quidem solent

Eye of God,

Dei

and
3.

2.

to his governing Ha?id,

even our

nihil boni

portendere)
sed provido
Oculo,

2.

& ejusdem Manui rectrici,$.

etiam nostrae Prudentice,

Sights,

or Oversights,
or even our Faults.

vel Imprudentioz,
vel etiam Noxoz.

God hath
and Angels,

suos,

who accompany
from his

Deus habet Ministros

his Ministers
4.

Man,

5.

birth,

&

Angelos, 4.

qui associant se Homini,^.

a nativitate ejus,

as Guardians,

ut Custodes,

against wicked

contra malignos Spiritus,

seu Diabolum, 6.

or the Devil,

who

Spirits,

6.

every minute

qui minutatim

layeth wait for him,

to tempt

ad tentandum

and vex him.

vel

Wo

mad

struit insidias

ei,

vexandum.

Wizzards and Witches

Vae dementibus
Magis & Lamiis

who

give themselves to
the Devil,
(being inclosed in a Cir-

qui Cacodaemoni se

upon him
with Charms)

eum advocantes

cle, 7.

to the

calling

they dally with him,

God

dedunt
(inclusi Circulo,

7.

Incantamentis)
curn eo colludunt

for they shall receive their

& a Deo deficiunt

nam cum illo

reward with him.

mercedem

and

fall

from

accipient.

The Last Judgment.

For the
shall

CL.

dies novissitna

veniet,

up the quae resuscitabit Mortuwith the sound of os, 2. voce Tuba, 1.

shall
2.

Judicium extremum.

Nam

day

come

which
Dead.

last

93 )

raise

a Trumpet, 1. and summon

the Quick with them

& citabit
cum ill is

to the Judgment-seat
of Christ Jesus, 3.

ad Tribunal

Jesu

Vivos,

Christi,

3.

(appearing in the Clouds) (apparentis in Nubibus)

ad reddendam rationem
to give an Account
omnium actorum.
of all things done.

When the

Godly

&

Elect,^.

shall enter into life eter-

nal into the place of Bliss,

and the new Hierusalem,

But the Wicked
and the damned, 6.

5.

shall be thrust into Bell,Z.

with the Devils, 7. to be

there tormented for ever.

Ubi/zV

(justi) klilecti, 4.

introibunt in vitam aeternam,in locum Beatitudinis

& novum

Hierosolymam,

5.

Impii vero.
damnati, 6.

&
cum

Cacodcemonibus,

7.

in

detrudentur.
Gehennum,
ibi cruciandi aeternum.
8.

The Close.

Clausula.

Thus thou
short, all

hast seen in

Ita vidisti

res

things

summatim

omnes

that can be shewed,

quae poterunt ostendi,

and hast learned

the chief Words
of the English and Latin

&

To?igue.

Linguce.

didicisti

Voces primarias
Anglicaz

&

Latinoz

Go on now

Perge nunc
and read other good Books & lege diligenter alias
bonos Libros,
diligently,
and thou shalt become
ut fias
doc tits, sapiens, Sipius.
learned, wise, and godly.

Remember
fear

God, and

him, that he
upon thee

these things;
call

upon

may bestow

the Spirit of Wisdom.

Farewell.

Memento horum
time, & invoca
;

Deum

eum, ut largiatur
tibi

Spirt turn Sapientice.

Vale.

INDEX TITULORUM.
A.

Cap.
I

41

46
33
43
19

40
Amphibia
Animi hominis
54
Animalia & primum
Aves
24
12

Aqua

'3

119

91

99
5

24
22

Ars Medica
Ars Scriptoria
Artes Sermonis

Aucupium

Europa

68

"paber Ferrarius

85

Ferae Bestiae
Ferae Pecudes

36

F.

63

18

Frutices

145
102

G.
/^entilismus
Geometria
H.

28
25

29

B.

36
91
77
117
Bibilopegus
45
116
Bibliopolium
115
C.
72
r^anales & Ossa
50
Caput & Mar.us 47

r>alneum

H7

Christianismus

4
53
55

Coelum
Convivium

'35

49
177
187

Coquinaria
Cursus Certamina
D.

44'

p\eformes & Monstrosi

Deus

96

Domus

35

Aves Aquaticae
Aves Campestres &

39
40 Caro & Viscera
140 Castra

Faber lignarius 79
80
Faber murarius

87
Figulus
20
Flores
12 15
141
121 113 Fortitudo
Fructus Arborum 18
65 14
22
Fruges
30 17

Aves Domestical
Aves Rapaces

4i

194
36
134

108

150 29
163 70

Sylvestres

74
95
94

131

102

109 Ethica

Arbor
17 64
30
Arbor Consanguinitatis

128

E.

Pag.

A cies& Praelium 178 106 "pclipses

10 S^
Aer
Eques
58 76 Equile
Agricultura

72
68
171

32
25

23

184

126

43
95
Hortorum cultura 56
Humanitas
144

pjomo

Horologia

Hypocaustum cum
Dormitorio

89

I.

Jgnis

Insecta repentia 38
Insecta volantia
31

100 Instrumenta

Musica

123 Interiora Urbis

Invitatio

146 Judaismus
124 Judicium
150 Jud'm extremum
28 Jumenta
116 Justitia

123
156
1

186
157
193
34
145

INDEX TITULORUM.

INDEX TITULORUM.
118 Societas Conjugalis
75
144
121 Societas Herilis
153
120 Soc'tas Parentalis 152
79
97
Specularia
127
103 Sphaera coelestis
107 Sphaera terrestris 132
125 Supplicia Maleficiorum
159
Sutor
63
78
T.
ii2
140

"pemperantia
Terra

9
10

Terrae foetus

13
14

60

Textura

75

AN INDEX OF THE

TITLES.
E.

103

T he
y

Celestial

Earth
Sphere 106
The Eclipses
127
65
Engines
177 108
Europe
9

140

The Camp

84
85
63
27
29

Carriages
103
Carrying to and fro 105
The Carpenter
79
Herd-Cattle
33
Wild-Cattle
35

41

77z

Chattels

and Bones

58

A Feast

168

77/r

5
1

1 1

77/ ^

7V<?

guinity

55
80
8r
1

194

The Clouds

32
33

Cookery
77/ Cooper

56

12
<?_/

5
5

98
20
99
2 2 24

<?

The Cord-wainer
Ctfr;z

io

Crawling Vermin

38
as

Creatures that live

4
well by water as by
land
40
88
Creeping things
t>7
145
102

D.
44

T\eformed and monstrous People

77

Dials

134 Dice -piay

1 1 1

45

77/^

dens

atid

Fond41

fish

Sea-fish
77/<?

and

Shell-fish

43
Flesh and Bowels
.

49
20

Flowers
Flying Vermin

65
Fowling
Tame-Fotvl
25
Water- Fowl
30
77^ Fruits of the Earth

G.
A

GW/Vj'
Gentilism

Geometry

16

108
184
126

GW

49 God's Providence
55
47
Grasing
95 49
Grinding
170
H.

56

*4
1 8

Fruits of Trees

39
39
Dressing of Gar-

Diligence

64

141
Consan- 113 Fortitude
26 Four footed Beasts
150
about the House
32
68

31

Fishing
River -fish

181

The Inward parts of a 40

1

72

77/^ Fencing-School

132

5o
34
147 Christianity
187
123 ^ CV/y
154
35
143 The Besieging of a City

City
The Close

134

F.

123

13
131
81

np//<?

'TV/i?

Head and
Hands

Pot-herbs

59
62

the

47

AN INDEX OF THE
27

Herd-Cattle

4
48

Heaven
The making of Honev

83
66

T//e

71
ll 5

53

46

^4

Horseman
House

77/!?

33
7

61
102

82
parts of a House

TITLES.

AN INDEX OF THE TITLES.

63
18
21

The Shoe-maker
Shrubs
Singing Birds

Swimming

78
23

121

Sleights
Il8 The Society betwixt

27
167

Man

62
182

172

2 5

03 The Celestial Sphere 127 32

107 The Terrestial Sphere 56
1

99

Arts belonging

to

132
Speech
121

j6

130
1

72

The

Stable

Stones
roo?n

98

7/$<? *SV<?z^ 7f///^

The Study

60

94 73
166 29

Stage -play
///<?

89

77

Tree

17

The Turner
86
U.
3
T?lying Vermin
Crawling Vermin 38
The Vintage
70
1

W.

Water
Weaving

nr/*<?

Wells

Wild Cattle
Wild Beasts
The World

91

Writing

6 3

Bed-

Taylor
Temperance

np//<?

140
1
*33 Tennis play
69
107 77^ Terrestial Sphere
132
125 77^ Torments of Malefactors
*59
82
The Travellor
00

and Wife
148
The Society betwixt Parents and Children 152
The Society betwixt Master and Servant 153
The Soul of Man
43
54 '3
176 69
*39 The Souldier
68
The Black-smith
85
136 Boys Sports

107

T.

120

Trinuni Deo Gloria.

FINIS.

75

90
35
36
6
J12

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