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  • Flame Test For Chemistry

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    nathan_michael8082
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    This document describes a flame test lab procedure used to identify metals based on the characteristic colors they emit when heated. Students will perform flame tests on solutions containing lithium, potassium, sodium, strontium, barium, copper, calcium, and unknown solutions to observe the colors produced. When metal ions are drawn into a burner flame and heated, their electrons become excited to higher energy levels. As the electrons fall back down, they release energy in the form of photons of visible light. Each metal produces a unique pattern of photons that appear to us as a characteristic color, allowing for identification. Proper safety equipment should be worn when working with chemicals and open flames.

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    This Is a flame test prac for chemistry. it has the materials, method aim and solution.

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    This document describes a flame test lab procedure used to identify metals based on the characteristic colors they emit when heated. Students will perform flame tests on solutions containing lithium, potassium, sodium, strontium, barium, copper, calcium, and unknown solutions to observe the colors produced. When metal ions are drawn into a burner flame and heated, their electrons become excited to higher energy levels. As the electrons fall back down, they release energy in the form of photons of visible light. Each metal produces a unique pattern of photons that appear to us as a characteristic color, allowing for identification. Proper safety equipment should be worn when working with chemicals and open flames.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca DOC, PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
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    199 vizualizări3 pagini

    Flame Test For Chemistry

    Încărcat de

    nathan_michael8082
    This document describes a flame test lab procedure used to identify metals based on the characteristic colors they emit when heated. Students will perform flame tests on solutions containing lithium, potassium, sodium, strontium, barium, copper, calcium, and unknown solutions to observe the colors produced. When metal ions are drawn into a burner flame and heated, their electrons become excited to higher energy levels. As the electrons fall back down, they release energy in the form of photons of visible light. Each metal produces a unique pattern of photons that appear to us as a characteristic color, allowing for identification. Proper safety equipment should be worn when working with chemicals and open flames.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca DOC, PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
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    din 3

    FlameTestLabv4b

    Dr.BreinanChemistryp.1

    IdentificationofMetals:FlameTests
    Background:
    Whenelementsareheatedtohightemperatures,someoftheirelectronsareexcitedtohigherenergylevels.
    Theseexcitedelectronscanthenfallbacktolowerenergylevels.Indoingso,theelectronsrelease(emit)
    theirextraenergyinpackagesofelectromagneticenergycalledphotons.Eachelementemitsacharacteristic
    patternofphotons,someofwhichareintherightenergyrangetoappeartousasvisiblelight.Thecolorofthe
    visiblelightwilldependontheexactenergyofphotonsemitted:violet(purple)lightisthemostenergeticand
    redlightistheleastenergetic.Theothercolorsfallinbetweenintheorderoftherainbowcolors(remember
    ROYGBIV:red,orange,yellow,green,blue,indigo,violet).
    Thecharacteristiccolorsoflightproducedwhenmanyelementsareheatedinagasburnerarethebasis
    fortheflametest.Inthisexperiment,theflametestwillbeformedonseveralmetallicelements.Youwilluse
    compoundscontainingthemetalscopper,sodium,lithium,calcium,strontium,potassium,andbarium.These
    compoundswillgenerallybechlorides(symbol:Cl)ornitrates(symbol:NO 3).Onlythemetalpartisimportant
    inthislab.NOTE:themetalsinthislabareactuallyinaspecialformcalledions.Thismeanstheyhave
    lostelectrons,buttherearestillplentyofelectronslefttoformthepatternsyousee.Whenmetalsformions
    theyoftendissolveinwater(astheydointhislab).

    Objectives:
    Toobserveevidenceofelectronenergylevelchangesincolorsemittedbyvariousmetalswhen
    heatedinagasburner.
    Toidentifythemetalelementsinanunknownsolution.
    Prelab:(put#2through#5onaseparatesheettobeusedinthewriteup)
    1.Onthedatatable,writedownthechemicalsymbolsforthemetalelementstobeused.
    2.Doesemitmeantoreleaseorabsorbenergy?
    3.Whatconcept(s)willbeexploredinthislab?
    4.Define/explainhowthesetermsrelatetoeachotherwithinthecontextofthislab:(a)groundstate(b)
    excitedstate(c)light
    5.Sketchthesetupyouwillusetoperformthetest.

    SAFETY:Weargoggles,glovesandapronswhenworkingwithchemicalsandthegasburner.

    Materials:
    gasburnersetupglassslidenichromewire
    solutionsofmetalelementsunknownsolutions
    Procedure:.
    1.Putonsafetyequipmentandcheckyourburnerequipment.Lightyourburner.
    2.Youmustuseablueflameforthislab.(Oddcolorsleftinyourflamemaybecontamination.)Placethetip
    ofthewireintheflametoseewhatcoloritnormallyglowsintheflame.DONOTleavethewireinthehot
    partoftheflametoolong...itmayburnoffandgotowaste.
    3.Placeonedropofachemicalsolutioninthecornerofacleanglassslide.

    FlameTestLabv4b

    Dr.BreinanChemistryp.2

    4.Onepartnershouldplacetheglassslideabout1cmfromtheairintakeofthegasburner.DONOTtouch
    theglassslideorchemicaltotheburner!Doingsocouldcontaminateyourburner.
    5.Theotherpartnershouldholdthenichromewirewiththetwistedendintheflameuntilitglows.
    6.Withoutmovingtheglassslide,quickly(beforethewirecancool)touchthewiretothedropofchemical.
    Thechemicalshouldvaporizeandgetdrawnintotheburner.Observethecoloroftheflameasthishappens.
    7.Burntheexcesschemicaloffthewirebyplacingthewireintheflamejustlongenoughforittocomebackto
    itsnormalyellowishorangecolor.(Thiswillalsoallowyoutoglimpsethecolorofthechemicalinamore
    concentratedform...howeverthewholeflamewillnotalllightupthisway.)Ifyouarehavingdifficulty
    cleaningthewire,hydrochloricacidmaybeused(askyourteacher).
    8.Recordthecoloroftheflameinyourdatatable.Rememberthatrecordingcolorissomewhatsubjective,so
    thereisnoonecorrectanswer.
    9.Washtheslideoffinthesinkandgiveitaquickdry.Repeatsteps38withallchemicals.
    10.Repeatsteps38withthethreeunknownsprovided.Guesswhichelementiscontainedandrecordyour
    guess.
    9.Leaveyourcleanslidetodry.Checkyourwireinwithyourteachertocompletethelabportion.
    *Safety..Reportanychemicalspillstoyourteacher.Dropscanbecleanedupwithawetsponge.

    DATATABLE(noneedtohandinwithlab)

    Metal
    lithium
    potassium
    sodium
    strontium
    barium
    copper
    calcium

    symbol

    colorobserved

    metalinunknown

    unknown1
    unknown2
    unknown3
    PostlabQUESTIONS:Besuretoexplainallanswers.Continueonyourprelabsheet.Thereisnoneedto
    handinthissheet.
    1. Explaininaccuraciesorsourcesoferrorthatmaybeinvolvedinusingflametestsforidentification
    purposes.
    2. Whichelementsproducedlightwiththehighestandlowestwavelength?Howcanyoutell?Bespecific.
    3. Explainindetailhowthecolorsobservedintheflametestareproduced.Startmacroscopicallywiththe
    chemicalontheslidedissolvedinwater,andfinishwithanatomicleveldescription.
    4. Howdidyoudeterminewhatmetalswereintheunknowns?

    FlameTestLabv4b

    Dr.BreinanChemistryp.3

    5. Doyouthinktheflametestisusefulforidentifyingmetalsinamixtureoftwoormoresolutions?(metal
    ionsdonotordinarilyreactchemicallywhenmixed)
    6. Whateffectmightincreasingtheamount(concentration)ofchemicalinthesolutionhaveonyourresults?
    7.Ifyouhaveperformedemissionspectroscopy,howwouldyoucomparethattechniquetotheflametestwith
    regardstotheiraccuracyandabilitytodistinguishbetweenelements?

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