SHIVAM PARIKH

2016-01-28

EMCH 371 Spring 2016. Homework #1---Homework for Chapter 2.

Total 60 points. Due on Thursday 1/28 at the beginning of the class.
1. (total 10 points)
Schematically plot the net bonding force and bonding energy curves versus interionic
separation for two isolated ions (e.g., Na+ and Cl-). Please label the equilibrium ion
separation distance (i.e., the equilibrium bond length (ao)), the equilibrium bonding force
as well as the bonding energy at the equilibrium bond length on these plots.
PLOT ON NEXT PAGE.
2. (total 30 points, 2 points each) Please determine True or False for each of the
following statements
(a) Primary bonding includes ionic, covalent, metallic and hydrogen bonding. FALSE
(b) Ionic bonding involves electron transfer. TRUE
(c) Covalent and metallic bonding involves electron sharing. TRUE
(d) Covalent bonding involves cooperative sharing of valence electrons. TRUE
(e) Metallic bonding and secondary bonding involve sharing of delocalized valence
electrons. FALSE
(f) Covalent bonding involves directionally sharing of valance electrons. TRUE
(g) Both covalent and ionic bonding types are directional. FALSE
(h) Both ionic and metallic bonding types are non-directional. TRUE
(i) Secondary bonding has neither electron transfer nor electron sharing. TRUE
(j) Ionic and metallic bonding tends to have high coordination numbers. TRUE
(k) Secondary bonding has relatively small bond energy. TRUE
(l) Materials with ionic bonding tend to be insulators. FALSE
(m) Materials with metallic bonding tend to be good electrical conductors. TRUE
(n) Materials with covalent bonding tend have low thermal expansion coefficient. TRUE
(o) Materials with covalent bonding tend to be ductile. FALSE

SHIVAM PARIKH
2016-01-28

3. (10 points)
Calculate the minimum radius ratio r/R for a coordination number of 3, where r and R are
the radii for the small and large ions in an ionic bonding compound.

4 (10 points, 2 points each)

(a) Ions in compounds with ionic bonding tend to have the greatest coordination number
as geometrically allowable. Why?
BONDING IS NON-DIRECTIONAL AND IONS FORM A STRONG BOND BY
ATTRACTING AS MANY OPPOSITELY CHARGED IONS AS POSSIBLE.
(b) Metals tend to have a high coordination number. Why?
METALLIC BONDING IS NON-DIRECTIONAL. R RATIO EQUAL 1.
(c) Atoms in compounds with covalent bonding tend to have relatively low coordination
number. Why?
BONDING IS DIRECTIONAL. ATOMS CAN ONLY FORM A BOND WITH THE ATOM
NEXT TO IT IN ONE CERTAIN DIRECTION.
(d) Polymers tend to have which types of bonding?
IONIC AND/OR COVALENT
(e) When water is frozen, the volume will expand. Why?
THE ALIGNMENT OF THE ADJACENT HYDROGEN ATOMS LEADS WATER
MOLECULES TO HAVE A RELATIVELY OPEN STRUCTURE. FREEZING CAUSES
WATER MOLECULES TO PACK TOGETHER IN A MORE RANDOM AND DENSE
ARRANGEMENT.