UNIT 4 INVENTIONS/PASSIVE VOICE.

VOCABULARY
Hilario-Luis Marcos Ramos
ENGLISH

SPANISH

ENGLISH

Profesor:
SPANISH

abacus

baco

machine gun

ametralladora

Bunsen burner

mechero Bunsen

magnifying glass

lupa

carbon paper

papel carbon

mercury thermometer

termmetro de mercurio

cash register

caja registradora

metronome

metrnomo

cathode ray tube

tubo de rayos catdicos

morse code

cdigo morse

circular saw

sierra circular

pendulum clock

reloj de pndulo

color photography

fotografa en color

piloted glider

avin planeador pilotado

contact lens

lente de contacto

pocket watch

reloj de bosillo

crossbow

ballesta

porcelain

porcelana

electric motor

motor elctrico

pressure cooker

olla a presin

electric toaster

tostadora elctrica

printing press

imprenta

electro magnet

electro imn

reflecting telescope

telescopio reflector

enamel

esmalte

rocket

cohete

escalator

escalera mecnica

sewing machine

mquina de coser

fire extinguisher

extintor de incendios

spinning Jenny

mquina de hilar Jenny

food canning

comida enlatada

stapler

grapadora

gas light

luz de gas

steam engine

mquina de vapor

graphite pencil

lpiz de grafito

stethoscope

estetoscopio

hot-air balloon

globo de aire caliente

submarine

submarino

lighthouse

faro

teletype printer

teletipo

lightning conductor

pararrayos

thermostat

termostato

linoleum

linleo

vacuum flask

termo

lithography

litografa

wheelbarrow

carretillo

logarithms

logaritmos

Yale lock

cerradura Yale

INVENTIONS http://www.sporcle.com/games/sufradley/was_it_the_chicken_or_the_egg
FACTS ABOUT THE HUMAN BODY http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/

STOMACH:
1. Your stomach is a muscular sac that churns food with digestive juices. This creates a creamy mixture which it squirts into your
small intestine.
2. Your stomach is the widest part of your digestive system. After you eat, it stores food. This allows you to consume a large meal
quickly and digest it slowly.
3. As soon as food enters your stomach, your stomach lining releases enzymes that start breaking down proteins in the food.
4. Your stomach lining secretes strong hydrochloric acid. This kills harmful microbes which can enter your body in food and aides
protein digestion.
HEART:
1. In one day your grape-fruit sized heart transports all your blood around your body about 1000 times
2. Your heart is made of cardiac muscle. This type of muscle never gets tired and only exists in the heart
3. When you exercise or feel stressed your nervous system stimulates your heart to beat faster
4. Your heart is a double pump. It pumps oxygen-rich blood throughout your body and oxygen-poor blood to your lungs
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SPLEEN
Your fist-shaped spleen filters blood to keep it clean and protect against infection
Your spleen destroys worn-out red blood cells. The remains are excreted or recycled to manufacture new red blood cells
It is possible to live without a spleen. However, people without spleens run a higher risk of infection
Your spleen is a lymphoid organ. Lymphoid organs like the spleen, tonsils and thymus defend your body against infections.

PANCREAS
1. Your pancreas is a pistol-shaped gland that releases digestive enzymes into your small intestine and hormones that control blood
sugar levels into your blood
2. It is possible to live without your pancreas, provided you take insulin to regulate blood sugar concentration and pancreatic enzyme
supplements to aid digestion
3. When you eat, your pancreas secretes digestive juices through a duct into the first part of the small intestine
4. The pancreas produces insulin and glucaon, two hormones that regulate sugar levels in the blood.
BRAIN

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The brain makes up about 2% of your bodys weight, but requires about 20% of your bodys blood supply.
Information travels between your brain and the rest of your body along a thick bundle of nerves in your spine
Your brain is made up of a right and a left hemisphere. These two halves communicate with each other,
Your brain is suspended in multifunctional cerebrospinal fluid. The clear fluid cushions it, provides energy and protects against
infection
LIVER

Your wedge-shaped liver is your largest internal organ. One of its functions is to get rid of toxins found in your blood.
Your liver is essential for life. Without it you would die within 24 hours.
Your liver produces bile which breaks down fats it the food you eat.
Your liver plays a vital role in regulating sugar levels in your blood

BLADDER
1. Your bladder is a stretchy sac that stores urine produced in your kidneys. It can usually hold a pint of fluid comfortably.
2. When your bladder stretches beyond a certain point, nerves in the bladder wall transmit a message transmit a
message to your brain that your bladder needs to be emptied.
3. When you take a leak, muscles in your bladder wall contract. This forces urine out of your bladder, into a tube called
the urethra and out of your body.
4. Urine made in your kidneys is transported to your bladder via two tubes known as ureters.
APPENDIX
1. Your appendix is a narrow worm-like pouch that has no known function.
2. Some scientists think that the appendix will eventually disappear from the human race.
3. We can live without an appendix without any apparent consequences
4. Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, often caused by a blockage in the opening where the appendix attaches to the
large intestine.
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FEMALE GENITALS
The female genital allow a woman to produce eggs, to have sex, to carry a developing baby and to give birth.
The uterus or womb is the size of an upside-down pear. During pregnancy it expands to the size of a basketball.
The cylindrical clitoris
is packed full of nerve endings. During sex it swells with blood and becomes highly sensitive
Fertile women release one egg cell each month from one of their ovaries. The egg cell travels into the uterus. If it doesnt get
fertilised menstruation occurs.

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MALE GENITALS
On average male testes are the size of plums and the penis doubles in size during sex.
The male genitals produce, store and deliver sperm into a woman to fertilise eggs.
Every day a man makes between 50 and 500 million sperm
Testes seat away from the body in a sac called the scrotum. This keeps testes at about 3 degrees below body temperature which is
essential for the production of healthy sperm.

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KIDNEYS
Your dark red kidneys clean your blood by making urine from waste products found in your blood
When you drink a lot of water, your kidneys produce a lot of urine to stop your blood from becoming too dilute
People can live in full health with just one functioning kidney
If your kidneys detect too much salt in your blood, they get rid of the excess in your urine. This helps keep salt levels in your blood
constant

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GALLBLADDER
Your gall bladder is a pear-shaped bag that stores bile produced in your liver
After a meal your gall bladder contracts, squeezing bile into your small intestine to help digest fat
You can live without a gall bladder
Most gall bladder disorders are due to the presence of gallstones.Gallstones are made of bile pigment and cholesterol.
LUNGS
Your lungs are sponge-like organs that deliver oxygen to and remove carbon dioxide from your blood
The total surface area of the tiny air sacs inside your lungs is around the size of a tennis court
Your ribcage protects your lungs
On average the maximum amount of air adult male lungs can hold is 5.7 litres, and in adult females it is 4.2 litres
SMALL INTESTINE
Food churned up in your stomach is broken down by digestive juices in a narrow, 5 metre-long coiled tube called the small intestine
Most of the nutrients in the food you eat pass through the lining of the small intestine into your blood
Indigestible food is passed from your small intestine to your large intestine for further processing
Digestive juices made in your liver and pancreas are delivered to the top of your small intestine. These juices break down fat,
protein and carbohydrates.
LARGE INTESTINE
Food waste products are converted into faces in a wide 1.5 metre long tube, called the large intestine
Bacteria that live in your large intestine produce smelly compounds that give farts their odour
One third of your faeces are made of bacteria that live in your large intestine
Food waste products stay in your large intestine between 10 hours and several days before they are excreted as faeces,