Ancillary Services Requirements in Poland

POLISH POWER GRID COMPANY S.A.
TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR
INSTRUCTION
OF TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATION
AND MAINTENANCE
(unofficial translation)
DETAILED PART No. 2:
RULES OF ANCILLARY SERVICES
DISCLAIMER OF LIMITATION OF LIABILITIES.

THIS DOCUMENT WAS PREPARED BY POLSKIE SIECI ELEKTROENERGETYCZNE
SA (PSE SA) FOR INFORMATION PURPOSES ONLY. THE VALID DOCUMENT
RELATING TO TRADE ACTIVITIES IS POLISH VERSION OF INSTRUCTION OF
TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE. PSE SA DOES NOT
ASSUME RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY
WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM YOUR USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OR ANY
INFORMATION DISCLOSED IN THIS DOCUMENT.
PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR
Table of contents:
1.
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1. Legal grounds of the Rules of ancillary control services ........................................................................ 3
1.2. Scope of the Rules of ancillary control services ..................................................................................... 3
1.3. Catalogue of the ancillary control services ............................................................................................. 3
2. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ANCILLARY SERVICES...................................................................... 3
2.1. Power reserves at the thermal power plants ............................................................................................ 3
2.1.1.
Second reserve (Rs) for the primary control.................................................................................... 3
2.1.2.
Minute reserve (Rm) for the secondary control................................................................................ 3
2.1.3.
Hourly Reserve (RG) within the Spinning Reserve (RW)................................................................. 3
2.1.4.
Restoration reserve (RO).................................................................................................................. 3
2.1.5.
Long -lasting reserve (RT) ............................................................................................................... 3
2.2. Power reserves of the hydro power stations ............................................................................................ 3
2.3. Operation of the thermal condensing power plant in underload / overload............................................. 3
2.4. Condensing operation of the combined heat and power plant................................................................. 3
2.5. Reactive power flow and voltage control services at generation nodes .................................................. 3
2.6. Readiness for restoration of the PPS power supply................................................................................. 3
3. ............ TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS APPLICABLE TO THE ANCILLARY CONTROL SERVICES
SYSTEMS....................................................................................................................................................... 3
3.1. Specifications of the primary control systems......................................................................................... 3
3.2. Technical requirements of the secondary control systems ...................................................................... 3
3.3. Technical requirements for the control system based on the Y0(i) signal................................................. 3
3.4. Technical requirements of generating unit control systems with the SOWE-EL system taken into
consideration .......................................................................................................................................... 3
3.5. Technical requirements concerning automatic voltage control systems in generating nodes (ARNE)... 3
3.6. Technical requirements for generating units taking part in reconstruction of the Polish power system . 3
4. . RULES GOVERNING CONDUCTING OF THE ACCEPTANCE TESTS AND THOSE THAT VERIFY
OPERATION OF THE ANCILLARY SERVICES SYSTEMS..................................................................... 3
4.1.
Acceptance tests and those that verify operation of the primary and secondary control systems, and the
automatic voltage control systems that control voltages in generation nodes ......................................... 3
4.2. Acceptance tests and those that verify ability of the generating units to restore the PPS power supply. 3
5. SCHEDULING AND DISPATCHING OF THE ANCILLARY CONTROL SERVICES BY THE TSO .... 3
6. CONTRACTING OF THE ANCILLARY SERVICES BY THE TRANSMISSION
SYSTEM OPERATOR................................................................................................................................... 3
6.1. Contracting procedure applicable to individual ancillary services.......................................................... 3
6.2. Ancillary services contracting schedule .................................................................................................. 3
6.3. Charges for rendering of ancillary services............................................................................................. 3
6.4. Bids evaluation rules ............................................................................................................................... 3
7. PENALTIES ................................................................................................................................................... 3
8. SETTLEMENT OF THE ANCILLARY SERVICES .................................................................................... 3
8.1. Rules of the payment for energy generated in rendering of the ancillary services.................................. 3
8.2. Rules of payment for rendering of the ancillary services........................................................................ 3
8.3. Value-based settlement of the ancillary services rendering .................................................................... 3
8.3.1.
Settlement of the second reserves offered by the thermal power plants.......................................... 3
8.3.2.
Settlement of the minute reserves offered by the thermal power plants.......................................... 3
8.3.3.
Settlements concerning hourly reserves of the thermal power plants spinning reserve ............... 3
8.3.4.
Settlements concerning restoration reserves of the thermal power plants....................................... 3
8.3.5.
Settlements concerning the long-lasting reserves of the thermal power stations ............................ 3
8.3.6.
Settlements concerning minute reserves offered by the hydro power stations................................ 3
8.3.7.
Settlements concerning hourly reserves offered by the hydro power stations................................. 3
8.3.8.
Settlements concerning overloaded operation of the particular generating unit of the condensing
thermal power plant......................................................................................................................... 3
8.3.9.
Settlements concerning underloaded operation of particular generating unit of the condensing
thermal power plant......................................................................................................................... 3
8.3.10. Settlements concerning condensing operation of the particular generating unit of the combined
heat and power plant ....................................................................................................................... 3
IRiESP Detailed Part: Rules of ancillary control services
Date: 2001-07-19
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8.3.11. Settlements concerning automatic voltage control (ARNE) ........................................................... 3

8.3.12. Settlements concerning compensatory operation of hydro-units..................................................... 3
8.3.13. Settlements concerning self-startup ability of the power plant ....................................................... 3
8.3.14. Settlements concerning isolated operation ability of the generating unit........................................ 3
8.4. Invoicing and financial flows concerning rendering of the ancillary services ........................................ 3
9. ... DEFINITIONS, DESIGNATIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE RULES OF ANCILLARY
SERVICES...................................................................................................................................................... 3
9.1. Definitions............................................................................................................................................... 3
9.2. List of abbreviations and designations .................................................................................................... 3
Appendix No. 1 RUS application form of a thermal power plant
Appendix No. 1 RUS application form of a hydro power station

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1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1.
Legal grounds of the Rules of ancillary control services
1.1.1.
1.1.2.
1.1.3.
1.1.4.
(1)
(2)
1.1.5
(1)
(2)
1.1.6.
1.1.7.
The principles that are to govern purchase of the ancillary control services by the
TSO are defined by these Rules of Ancillary Services, called hereinafter the
Rules.
The principles that are to govern purchase of the ancillary control services by the
TSO, as presented in these Rules, are in effect in the transitory period: from July
2001 till the end of June 2002, when implementation of the hourly technical
market is to take place.
These Rules were elaborated based on the stipulations found under Art. 29 of the
Ordinance by the Minister of Economy on conditions of connection of the
entities to the power networks, rendering of transmission service, network
traffic, maintenance of the networks and qualitative standards applicable to the
customer service, and the detailed part of Instruction of Transmission System
Operation and Maintenance that is mentioned under said article.
The legal grounds of the Rules of ancillary control services (RRUS) are as
follows:
The Energy Law of April 10, 1997, hereinafter called also the Act, complete
with its executive acts, including:
(1.1.) Ordinance by Minister of Economy on the detailed rules to govern
shaping and calculation of tariffs and rules of settlement in trading of
energy hereinafter also called the Tariff Ordinance.
(1.2.) Ordinance by Minister of Economy on detailed terms and conditions of
connection to the power systems, trading of energy, rendering of ancillary
services, grid operation and maintenance, and qualitative standards of the
customer service, hereinafter called also the Connection Ordinance.
(1.3.) Ordinance by the Minister of Economy on obligatory purchase of energy
from non-conventional sources and renewables, and co-generated with
heat, on obligatory purchase of heat from non-conventional sources and
renewables, and on the scope of the obligation..
The license issued to the PSE SA for transmission and distribution of energy.
These Rules come in compliance with the general part of the Instruction of
Transmission System Operation and Maintenance, and its remaining detailed
parts::
Rules of Electricity Balancing Market in Poland.
Rules of Must-Run Generation.
These Rules define principles concerning purchase of ancillary control services
by the Transmission System Operator (TSO) in its control and maintenance of
reliability of the Polish Power system (PPS).
The Rules of the ancillary control services do not identify the rules that are to
govern the purchase of the ancillary control services by the Distribution System
Operators in their control of the distribution networks.
Date: 2001-07-19
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1.1.8.
The ancillary control services market functions according to the ancillary control
services agreements executed by and between the PSE S.A. in capacity of the
Transmission System Operator and the remaining energy market participants.
The ancillary control services agreement identifies among others the obligation
of the parties to the agreement to comply fully with the stipulations of the
IRiESP and thus these Rules as its component part.
The cost of purchase of the ancillary control services are the component item of
the costs of maintenance of the system quality and reliability standards of the
power supply as construed by 20 of the Tariff Ordinance allocated to the
PSE SA tariff as the qualitative component item of the system charge rate.
1.1.9.
1.1.10.
1.2.
Scope of the Rules of ancillary control services
1.2.1.
These Rules are an integral part of the IRiESP. The guidelines presented in these
Rules are more detailed form of the stipulations found in the IRiESP and,
according to the proper scopes, those found in the other Rules that constitute the
component parts of the IRiESP.
These Rules identify the main conditions, guidelines and procedures applicable
to the purchase and settlements of the ancillary control services by the TSO, and
in particular:
Legal conditions that govern purchase of the AS.
Catalogue and characterization of the ancillary control services.
Specifications of the systems that render the ancillary control services.
Rules of the acceptance tests and those that verify operation of the ancillary
control service systems.
Rules of purchase of the ancillary control services by the TSO.
Rules of scheduling and dispatch of the ancillary control services by the TSO.
Rules of settlements, invoicing and cash flows related to rendering of the
ancillary control services.
Updating of these Rules is carried out by the Transmission System Operator
according to the guidelines stipulated by the IRiESP.
1.2.2.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
1.2.3.
1.3.
Catalogue of the ancillary control services
1.3.1.
(1)
(2)
(3)
The System Operator purchases, according to the guidelines stipulated by these

Rules, the following ancillary control services:
Power reserves of the thermal power plants:
(1.1.) Second reserve (RS), within framework of the primary control.
(1.2.) Minute reserve (RM), within framework of the secondary control.
(1.3.) Hourly reserve (RG) only within framework of the spinning reserve (RG)
(1.4.) Restoration reserve (RO).
The remaining power reserves of the thermal power plants:
(2.1.) Long-lasting reserve (RT)
Power reserve of hydro power stations:
(3.1.) Minute reserve EW (RmEW), within framework of the secondary control.
(3.2.) Hourly reserve EW (RgEW), (access time < 15 min.)
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(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Operation of the condensing thermal power plants (EK) in underload or

overload.
Condensing operation of the Combined Heat and Power Station.
Control of reactive power and voltage flows (in generation nodes):
(6.1.) Automatic voltage control system (ARNE).
(6.2.) Compensatory operation of hydro-units.
Services consisting in offering readiness to participate in restoration of the
power supply in the PPS:
(7.1.) Self-startup ability.
1.3.2.
1.3.3.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
1.3.4.
(7.2.) Isolated operation ability.

The Transmission System Operator buys the operating power reserves identified
under para. 1.3.1, sub-para. (1), broken down into the readiness and actual
utilization of the given service, and the long-lasting reserve.
The purchase concerning the required level of the operating power reserves,
fixed by the TSO according to the requirements and understandings reached with
the UCTE, and according to the system analyses, covers:
The second reserve range 200 300 MW during each hour of a day.
The minute reserve range 700 1000 MW during each hour of a day.
The hourly reserve bought within framework of the spinning reserve, fixed by
the TSO at some 4% of the demand in the Polish Power System, calculated as a
mean value for a settlement day.
The restoration reserve as a supplement needed to reach the required level of
the Polish Power System operating reserves fixed by the TSO at some 15% of
the demand in the PPS.
The detailed ranges of the required power reserves in the Polish Power System
and the technical standards applicable to the generating units that render the
ancillary services are stipulated by the IRiESP (General Part).

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2.
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ANCILLARY SERVICES
2.1.
Power reserves at the thermal power plants
2.1.1.
Second reserve (Rs) for the primary control
2.1.1.1.
The second reserve is activated at the generating units within framework of the
primary control.
The level of the second reserve available at the individual generating units is
determined by the positive range of the primary control off the operating range
of the LFC.
The second reserve is started by the object automatic control (turbine control) in
response to the frequency deviation within the control range scale, depending on
set points of the control (insensitivity, droop). The result of the operation of the
primary control is the restoration of the balance between generation and
consumption of energy in the PPS, including other power systems through
affecting the turbine speed controllers and load frequency control systems.
An ability to render the second reserve service (RSG) means maintaining of the
efficient control systems according to the standards stipulated by the IRiESP. It
is obligatory for all Centrally Dispatched Generating Units and remains free of
charge, with reservations found under para. 8.2.9 of these Rules taken into
account.
The TSO will buy:
The readiness to render the second reserve service (RSG) within framework of
the primary control, understood as a physical ability to render this service,
confirmed by the valid control systems technical acceptance protocol along with
a declaration by the generator, found in the balancing bid trade part that provides
for assignment of the proper free band for use in the primary control according
to the data delivered by the TSO in the WPKD process.
The utilization of the second reserve (RS) takes place according to an order by
the TSO, concerning the primary control switching on/off in the PKD and
BPKD processes using the SOWE system. The second reserve access time is
specified in the control systems technical acceptance protocols.
The contracting of the readiness will cover about 70% of the second reserve of
all the thermal Centrally Dispatched Generating Units.
2.1.1.2.
2.1.1.3.
2.1.1.4.
2.1.1.5.
(1)
(2)
2.1.1.6.
2.1.2.
Minute reserve (Rm) for the secondary control
2.1.2.1.
The minute reserve is activated at the generating units by signal Y1, within
framework of the secondary control.
The volume of the minute reserve available at the individual generating units is
2.1.2.2.

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2.1.2.3.
2.1.2.4.
2.1.2.5.
2.1.2.6.
(1)
(2)
2.1.2.7.
2.1.2.8.
determined by the positive range of the secondary control.

The secondary control brings the frequency and the power of the intersystem
power exchange taking place between the PPS and its neighboring systems back
to the set point level of before disturbance of the balance between generation and
consumption of energy that took place in the PPS area, combined with
simultaneous restoration of the second reserve (after its earlier utilization).
The operation of the secondary control should start after the primary control is
activated, at or before time t = 30 seconds after appearance of the disturbance,
and fully deployed up to 15 minutes, when the frequency and power of the
power exchange is brought back to the former set point level. Thus the
secondary control activates the minute reserve.
An ability to render the minute reserve service (RSG) means maintenance of the
efficient control systems operated by Y1 and Y0 signals for their possible use
according to the standards stipulated by the IRiESP. It is obligatory for all
thermal Centrally Dispatched Generating Units and is free of charge, with
reservation of found under para. 8.2.9 of these Rules taken into account.
The TSO will buy:
The readiness to render the minute reserve service (RSG) within framework of
the secondary control operated by Y1 signal, understood as a physical ability to
render this service, confirmed by the valid control systems technical acceptance
protocol, complete with a declaration by the generator that provides for
assignment of the proper free spinning reserve band according to the data
delivered by the TSO in the WPKD process.
Utilization of minute reserve (RM) takes place at the generating units to the TSO
order concerning switching on/off of the secondary control in the PKD and
BPKD processes within framework of secondary control activated by the Y1
signal, according to the trade balancing bid presented on the next day. The
access time of the minute reserve is specified in the control systems technical
acceptance protocols.
The contracting of the readiness will cover about 80% of power range,
accessible through the Y1 signal, of all the thermal Centrally Dispatched
Generating Units. The requirements concerning maintenance of the appropriate
volume of the minute reserve (energized secondary control by the Y1 signal) are
specified for every power system. In case of the Polish Power System the range
is 700 1000 MW.
The minute reserve volume fixed for a given day or hour within framework of
the WPKD and PKD will constitute the basis for the on-going contracting of the
service in terms of its utilization.
2.1.3. Hourly Reserve (RG) within the Spinning Reserve (RW)

2.1.3.1. The hourly reserve is maintained to facilitate meeting of the varying demand for
energy with the changing conditions of the PPS operation, and to secure frequency
control and power exchange balance in the intersystem power exchange taking
place with the neighboring systems (through restoration of the required reserve
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2.1.3.2.
2.1.3.3.
2.1.3.4.
2.1.3.5.
2.1.3.6.
2.1.3.7.
(1)
(2)
2.1.3.8.
(1)
(2)
2.1.3.9.
2.1.3.10.
levels: the second reserve within framework of the primary control and the minute
reserve within framework of the secondary control).
It is required that the access time of the hourly reserve is not longer than 15
minutes. Of this reason the hourly reserve of the generating units operated at the
thermal power plants is available only within the spinning reserve (RW).
The TSO fixes the total volume of the spinning reserve in the WPKD process.
The TSO uses the PKD process to specify the volume of the spinning reserve
required for the individual generating units.
The utilization of the spinning reserve takes place within the Current Daily Coordination Schedule (BPKD) process. Said utilization concerns the spinning reserve
specified in the PKD for the individual generating units and comes to an order of
the TSO, in compliance with requirements that provide for covering of the variable
demand for energy and securing of the required reliability and safety of the Polish
Power System as well as in compliance with the rules found in Instruction.
An ability to render the spinning reserve service (RWZ) is understood as the power
range declared in the bid, not covered by Electricity Sale Contract, remaining at
disposal of the TSO, according to the standards stipulated by the IRiESP. Each
individual generator connected to the transmission grid should remain able to
render the spinning reserve service. To be able to render this service the generator
should have the WIRE and SOWE information exchange systems. The ability is
offered free of charge, with reservation stipulated under para. 8.2.9 of these Rules
taken into account.
The TSO will buy:
The readiness to render the spinning reserve service (RWG) confirmed by the
balancing bids and by defining of the substitute bid.
The spinning reserve (RW) is understood as maintenance of the spinning reserve in
the bands fixed in the PKD BPKD BPKD-BPPZ processes, complete with
the full readiness to start generation with the agreed ramping rate.
The balancing bids from generating units covered by the Ancillary Services
Agreement concerning the spinning reserve should additionally meet the following
requirements:
Gross power offered in each band should not be lower than 5 MW.
The ramping rate should not be lower than 2 MW/min. within the control range of
the unit operation.
The contracting concerning readiness will cover about 60% of the thermal ability of
the Centrally Dispatched Generating Units to render the spinning reserve service.
The contracting concerning utilization will cover power resulting from the volumes
fixed in WPKD/PKD, i.e. about 4% of demand.
2.1.4.
Restoration reserve (RO)
2.1.4.1. The restoration reserve is the power reserve scheduled in the WPKD PKD
BPKD BPKD-BPPZ co-ordination scheduling process for its possible utilization
when it becomes necessary to restore or increase the required hourly reserve
resources.
2.1.4.2. The TSO fixes the total volume of the restoration reserve in the WPKD process.
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2.1.4.3. The TSO uses the PKD process to specify the volume of the restoration reserve
required of the individual generating units.
2.1.4.4. The utilization of the restoration reserve takes place within the Current Daily Coordination Schedule (BPKD) process. Said utilization concerns the restoration
reserve specified in the PKD for the individual generating units and comes to an
order of the TSO, in compliance with requirements that provide for covering of the
variable demand for energy and securing of the required reliability and safety of the
Polish Power System as well as in compliance with the rules found in Instruction.
2.1.4.5. The generating units that are scheduled for rendering of the restoration reserve
service are chosen by the TSO on the basis of their operating and startup
characteristics.
2.1.4.6. The service concerns the generating units that are not in operation but are kept for
the starting of the startup process in 15 minutes after the TSO order, to become
operating (arrival at the technical minimum (Pmin,t)) in up to 8 hours.
2.1.4.7. An ability to render the restoration reserve service (ROZ) is understood as the power
range declared in the bid, not covered by Electricity Sale Contract, remaining at
disposal of the TSO, according to standards stipulated by the IRiESP. Each
individual generator connected to the transmission grid should remain able to
render the restoration reserve service. To be able to render this service the generator
should have the WIRE and SOWE information exchange systems. The ability is
free of charge, with reservation stipulated under para. 8.2.9 of these Rules taken
into account.
2.1.4.8. The TSO will buy:
(1) The readiness to render the restoration reserve service (ROG) confirmed by the
balancing bids and by defining of the substitute bid.
(2) The restoration reserve (RO) is understood as maintenance of the spinning reserve
in the bands fixed in the PKD BPKD BPKD-BPPZ processes, complete with
the full readiness to start generation with the agreed ramping rate.
2.1.4.9. The gross power offered in each individual band of the balancing bid presented by
the generating units covered by the ancillary services agreement concerning the
restoration reserve should not be lower than 5 MW.
2.1.4.10. The contracting concerning readiness to utilize will cover power resulting from
complementing the power level up to the one of PPS operating power reserves
amounting to about 15% of the demand for power in the PPS in the individual
hours of its operation.
2.1.4.11. Figure 2.1. presents classification of the second, minute and hourly reserves of the
condensing power plants according to the time of access to the reserve capacities.
2.1.4.12. Figure 2.2. presents illustration of the control ranges of the active power of the
generating units.

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restor.
reserve
hourly reserve
minute
reserve
second
reserve
15 s
30 s
15 min
1h
4h
24 h
8h
Fig. 2.1. Classification of second, minute and hourly reserves of the condensing power
plants according to the time of access to reserve capacities
P
P
Pp
Pp
Pos
Second reserve (primary

control range off the
ARCM operating band)
RM
RS
Minute reserve (positive

range of the Y1 signal
control)
Contracted
spinning reserve
(bought as Rw
or Ro)
Declared
contract position
Minute reserve (positive
range of the Y1 signal
control)
Second reserve (primary
control range off the
ARCM operating band)
P min tech
Underloads
Non-contracted
spinning reserve
RS
RM
Power bands contracted by the TSO:

- in the WPKD and PKD in context of
the RS and RM fixed
- in the BPKD in context of the
overloads and underloads
Pos
The range the declared contract

positions must remain within
Power bands contracted by the TSO:

- in the WPKD and PKD in context of
the RS and RM fixed
- in the BPKD in context of the
P min tech
overloads and underloads
Pz
Pz
Restoration reserve
Overloads
Pos - Installed capacity

Pmin tech - Minimum technical capacity
Pz - Underload capacity
PP - Oveload capacity
Fig. 2.2.
Illustration of the physical ranges of power control at the generating units

found in the thermal power plants
a) for generating unit in operation (with reservation of para 3.4.3.(6) taken
into account)
b) for generating unit in outage
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2.1.5.
Long -lasting reserve (RT)
2.1.5.1.
The long-lasting reserve (RT) is understood as the reserve resulting from the
long-lasting unit outage and its preservation for the period of time that was
declared in the bid, combined with availability of said reserve to order by the
TSO within the time period declared in the bid. The volume of the offered longlong-lasting may not be higher than the total installed capacities of the
generating units reported for this particular reserve.
The generating unit in the long-lasting reserve should be able to start generation
within the period of time that was defined in the ancillary services agreement.
The period may not exceed 21 days from the moment when the decision on the
generation starting is passed by the TSO to the power plants.
2.1.5.2.
2.1.5.3.
The long-lasting must cover the whole generating unit. It should be the unit with
the worst technical-economic parameters (availability, efficiency, emission of
pollutants, etc.)
2.1.5.4.
The outage period of such the unit offered at in excess of one 1 year will be
appraised higher in the process of the ancillary services contracting.
2.2.
Power reserves of the hydro power stations
2.2.1.
The power reserves of the hydro power stations, as bought by the TSO, come
from the generating units installed at the pumped-storage stations and the river
hydro power stations fitted with the pumping section.
The minute reserve of the hydro power stations is offered within framework of
the load frequency control (LFC) at the level corresponding to the control power
of the hydro-unit or power station; it is made available within framework of the
secondary control by the Y1s signal.
The hourly reserve of the hydro power stations, with access time no longer than
15 min., is the available capacity of the hydro-unit in the generation mode of
operation or in dispatched standstill
The reserve capacities of the hydro power stations are used by the TSO to
control the daily variation of the load and to compensate the sudden power
unbalances in the PPS.
2.2.2.
2.2.3.
2.2.4.
2.3.
Operation of the thermal condensing power plant in

underload / overload
2.3.1.
2.3.2.
2.3.3.
The ancillary service called underloading consists in operation of a generating

unit of the thermal condensing power plant with a load at below its technical
minimum or for the specific generating units at below their operating
minimum.
The ancillary service called overloading consists in operation of the generating
unit of the thermal condensing power plant with a load at above its installed
capacity.
The bands of the power available at below the minimum technical capacity or at
Date: 2001-07-19
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above the installed capacity should not be lower than 5 MW.

The contracting will include the bands of a competitive price.
The ancillary service of underload or overload operation is rendered only to the
TSO order issued via the SOWE system.
The remuneration for the underload and overload operation is paid when the
service is actually utilized according to the TSO order.
2.3.4.
2.3.5.
2.3.6.
2.4.
Condensing operation of the combined heat and power plant
2.4.1.
The condensing operation of the combined heat and power plant is a form of the
ancillary service that consists in condensing operation of the generating unit of
the combined heat and power plant started to a dispatch order of the
Transmission System Operator, resulting in an increase of the electric power
generated by the particular unit (to the cost of the heat collected from said unit).
The contracting will cover the combined heat and power plants, chosen by the
TSO, whose operation in condensing is required because of the network reasons.
2.4.2.
2.5.
Reactive power flow and voltage control services in

generation nodes
2.5.1.
2.5.2.
(1)
(2)
2.5.3.
2.5.4.
2.5.5.
2.5.6.
The Transmission System Operator proceeds with voltage and reactive power
control to secure at all the Grid Take-off Points (PWS) a reliable power supply
of the proper qualitative specifications, and to secure at the nodes other than the
PWS such the operating conditions which result from the specifications of the
equipment installed there and from the power flows.
To facilitate the voltage and reactive power control at the generation nodes by
the TSO the latter purchases the following ancillary control services:
Voltage and reactive power control by groups of the automatic voltage control
systems of the generating units.
Compensatory operation of hydro-units.
The automatic voltage control system maintains the set point voltage at the
individual HV bus-bar systems of the power plant through control, in the first
place, of the reactive load at all the generating units connected to said systems
through the unit transformers while when this control avenue is exhausted
through the change of the transformer ratio of the coupling transformers found
between the relevant bus-bar systems.
At the pumped-storage power plants the automatic voltage control system
maintains the required voltage in the HV bus bars of the power plant through
control of the reactive power of the hydro-units in all the modes of operation,
i.e., turbine, pumping and compensatory ones.
The range of control of the reactive power is defined for each individual
generating unit by the generator, acting to that end in agreement with the TSO
and complying with the rules stipulated by the IRiESP.
The compensatory operation of the hydro-unit consists (depending on the
voltage conditions found in the PPS) in generation or consumption of reactive
energy by the hydro-unit synchronous generator that operates as a motor
Date: 2001-07-19
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(spinning in the generator or motor direction together with the turbine runner in
the chamber emptied from water), consuming active energy from the grid to
cover the mechanical losses of the hydro-unit and the electrical ones of the
generator.
The hydro-units are dispatched for the compensator operation depending on the
grid voltage level, according to the signals developed by the automatic voltage
control that inform about possible advisability of having the hydro-unit started.
2.5.7.
2.6.
Readiness for restoration of the PPS power supply
2.6.1.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
2.6.2.
(1)
(2)
The sources of the PPS power supply restoration are as follows:

Power stations adapted to self-startup hydro and thermal peaking-gas ones in
the first place.
Thermal power plants of the supported startup, first of all with the self-startup
gas turbine used among others for starting of the high-capacity generating units
with steam turbines.
Generating units of the power plant, able to proceed, after successful load
shedding, with an isolated operation without connection to the main grid of the
PPS, offering in such circumstances an efficient power supply required by the
customers.
Generating units of the power plant, able to proceed, after successful load
shedding, with the supply of their auxiliaries without connection to main grid of
the PPS, offering in such circumstances an efficient power supply required by
their own and common power plant auxiliaries while being able at the same time
to operate in an isolated system with the connected loads.
There are the following forms of the ancillary services concerning readiness to
participation in defense and restoration of the PPS power supply, rendered by the
generators:
Self-startup ability of the generating unit covers items Nos. (1) and (2) of
para. 2.61.
Ability of isolated operation of the generating unit covers item Nos. (3) and (4)
of para. 2.6.1.

Date: 2001-07-19
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3.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS APPLICABLE TO THE

ANCILLARY CONTROL SERVICES SYSTEMS
3.1.
Specifications of the primary control systems
3.1.1.
3.1.2.
3.1.3.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
3.2.
Primary control automatically responds to the frequency change in the power

system by providing (in under 30 seconds) the power obtained from every
generating unit that is taking part in the said process. Thus the primary control
automatically activates the second reserve.
All the generating units that are connected to the transmission grid or to the
distribution network, featuring installed capacities of at least 100 MW, must be
fitted with the primary control equipment.
It is required that primary control equipment installed in generating units of
thermal power plants taking part in the primary control meets the following
requirements:
It must be able to trip a very quick change of primary power control
P(f) = 0 5% Pn available in the whole control power band of the
generating unit PR (PRm PRM), with the full response to the preset power step
change Pz(f) = 0 +5% Pn coming in 30 seconds i.e. P(t<30 s) = 5 % Pn,
with the accuracy p 1% Pn attained in conditions that are brought about in
30 seconds.
Insensibility of the frequency control systems must not be higher than
fi = 10 mHz.
Frequency correction of the power control system can be adjusted in the range of
at least P(f) = 0 5% Pn, with the droop changes of s = 28% and the
frequency dead band of f0 = 0, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 mHz.
The structure of the rotational speed and power control systems with the
frequency correction system facilitates a stable operation of the PPS in disturbed
operating conditions by a proper joint operation of the quick-response turbine
speed governor and the slow-response power regulator, with optimization of the
fixed settings of amplification, differentiation and integration take into account.
Technical requirements of the secondary control systems
3.2.1.
3.2.2.
(1)
The secondary control is implemented by selected generating units of thermal

power plants responding to the Y1 signal change, and by selected generating
units of hydro power stations responding to the Y1s, signal change introduced by
they the central LFC regulator.
Features of the control signals:
The Y1 signal is a quick-changing digital signal of the change range (
31...0...+31). The Y1 signal change rate depends on the calculated system control
error and on the Y1s. The highest change rate of this signal is limited to 1 degree
per 10 seconds.
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(2)
(3)
3.2.3.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
3.2.4.
(1)
3.3.
The Y1s signal is a quick-changing, digital signal with the change range of (
31...0...+31). The rate and scale of changes of this depends on the rate and scale
of changes of the calculated system control error. The highest change rate of this
signal is limited to 1 degree per 7 seconds.
An intervention change of the Y1 signal by the dispatcher of the SP-KDM (Y1i
signal) is also possible. It takes a form of the signal step change by a value that
is preset by the dispatcher (range of 2 to 40 degrees), introduced when the total
power generated in the PPS needs to be changed immediately in less than 1
minute.
It is required that secondary control equipment used in generating units of
thermal power plants taking part in secondary control meets the following
requirements:
Ability to trip a quick change of the secondary control power P(t) that follows
uniformly the changes of the preset power PY1(-31...0...+31) =
(-5%...0 +5 % ) Pn.
After an intervention step change (Y1i) of the signal PY1 (0 +31 or 0 -31) a
full response is required in time t < 30 seconds, i.e. P (t < 30 s) = 5 % Pn,
with the power control accuracy p 1% Pn attained in conditions that are
brought about in 30 seconds.
Availability to change the intervention signal Y1i in the whole control power
band of a generating unit PR (PRm PRM).
With joint operation of the secondary and primary control systems the
requirements fixed for the primary control must be met in context of the changes
of power P(t) that follow the changes if the PY1 signal (-31...0...+31).
It is required that secondary control equipment used in generating units of the
hydro power stations taking part in secondary control meets the following
requirements:
Ability to trip a quick change of the secondary control power P(t) that follows
uniformly the changes of the preset power PY1S = 0> 5 % Pn with the
power control accuracy p < 1% Pn (t > 30 s) available in the whole control
power band of the hydro-unit PR (PRm PRM).
Technical requirements for the control system based on the

Y0(i) signal
3.3.1.
3.3.2.
(1)
3.3.3.
(1)
The control through the Y0(i) signal is performed by the selected generating units
of thermal power plants that respond to the Y0(i) signal change preset by the
central LFC regulator.
Features of the control signals:
The Y1 signal is a quick-changing, digital signal with the change range of
(0...+31). The rate of changes of this signal depends on the calculated system
control error and on the Y0 signal value.
It is required that the control equipment which is controlled by the Y0(i) signal, as
used in generating units of the thermal power plants taking part the in control
through the Y0(i) signal, meets the following requirements:
Generating units of the thermal power plants are adapted to remote control by
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the Y0(i) signal and local control by the TPC/RRC stages, with control power P(t)
following the preset power changes PY0(i) with the automatic control (remotely
controlled from the central control regulator), or PZ with manual control, and
changing at a mean rate of 2% PRM/min, with power control accuracy of p <
1% PRM (t > 5 min) throughout the whole available unit control power band PR
(PRm PRM) = (40) 60 100 % PRM.
The Y0(i) signal can be used when the power system security is threatened.
The generators must be able to switch ON and OFF the control system based on
the Y0(i) signal to an order of the TSO delivered through the SOWE system.
3.3.4.
3.3.5.
3.4.
Technical requirements of generating unit control systems

with the SOWE-EL system taken into consideration
3.4.1.
3.4.2.
3.4.3.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
3.4.4.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
The assumptions of the technical design that concerns utilization of the SOWEEL system to control the unit automatics must be agreed with the TSO.
The implementation version (agreed with the contractor) of the design that
concerns utilization of the SOWE-EL system in control of the unit automatics
should be accepted by the TSO.
The following criteria must be met irrespective of the scope and method of use
of the SOWE-EL system to control of the unit automatics:
The use of the unit load set-point to automatically preset the unit base power
must not preclude the presetting of the same using the automatic Y0(i) signal
and/or RRC/TPC signal.
The possibility of separate operation of the secondary and primary control using
the Y1(i) signal and the control that uses the Y0(i) signal.
The joint operation of the systems of primary control, secondary control using
Y1(i) signal and control using Y0(i) signal must meet the current criteria.
The assumed maximum gradient of power changes within the range of the base
power changes controlled by the unit load set-point must not limit the required
gradient of power changes within the power range controlled by the Y1(i) signal
if the latter is expected to be used.
Within the unit control range the gradient of power changes must not be lower
than the gradient of power changes which results from the requirements
applicable to operation with control that uses the Y0(i) signal.
Admissible unit operation range with the activated primary and secondary
control systems that use the Y1(i) signal must not bring about overloading or
underloading of the generating unit.
Current requirements applicable to the primary and secondary control systems
that use the Y1(i) signal must be met, and in the event of any need to change and
modify them a written TSO approval for said changes is required.
The commissioning of the implemented control system is preconditioned on:
acceptance tests according to the program fixed by the TSO that are conducted
by an independent contractor accepted by the TSO,
a formal protocol that confirms meeting of the technical requirements is drawn,
the generator or its representative request in writing that the system is accepted,
the TSO accepts in writing the system for operation.
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3.4.5.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
3.5.
With changes of:

control algorithms,
control systems parameters,
installed capacity or minimum technical capacity of the unit,
procedure that presets the unit operating mode through the SOWE system,
conducting of the repeated acceptance tests is required according to the
procedure described under para. 3.4.4.
Technical requirements concerning automatic voltage control

systems in generating nodes (ARNE)
3.5.1.
3.5.2.
3.5.3.
3.5.4.
3.5.5.
3.5.6.
3.5.7.
3.5.8.
(1)
(2)
3.5.9.
3.5.10.
3.5.11.
3.5.12.
The ARNE system should facilitate adjustment of the voltage levels within the
admissible voltage control range by the PSE SA in the given switching station.
The ARNE system should facilitate 0-to-3% adjustment of the voltage regulator
droop seen as the ratio of the relative voltage change of the power system to the
relative reactive power change in the given steady-state operating point
(expressed as percentage).
The ARNE system should be adapted to local and remote voltage presetting
(from superior dispatching centers).
The system voltage control error must not be higher than 0.5 %.
The dead zone u understood as the range of system insensitivity to a change of
the controlled voltage should be adjustable within the range of 0.1 to 1 %.
The ARNE system should facilitate adjustment of the maximum and minimum
controlled voltage levels that bring about locking of the system.
The generator control the time required to bring the voltage deviation down to
the preset value should be shorter than 3 minutes. With the transformer control
said time is not subject to standardizing.
The system should facilitate adjustment of the control pulse separation time:
of the generator voltage regulator control elements: tp > 5 s;
of the transformer tap changer controls: 3 min < tp < 30 min.
The available band of the reactive power control should match the area that
results from the circular graph of the generating unit loads, with the adjustable
safety margin of 2.5 - 10 % Qgmax. The system should not bring about a
permanent operation of control limiters.
The system should provide for a uniform reactive power distribution among
generating units of the same rated power, operating in reference to the given
switching station bus system. With the generating units of different rated power
the system should provide for reactive power distribution in proportion to their
power.
The system should facilitate adjustment of the unit maximum voltage threshold
level that brings about locking of the system. The setting should be equal to
Ugmax < 1,1Ugn (Ugn rated voltage).
The dead zone u understood as the insensitivity range of the circuit that controls
the coupling transformer ratio should be adjustable within the range of 0.5 to 5
%.
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3.5.13.
The ARNE system should function in such a way that prevents a situation where
the operation frequency of the transformer tap changer is in excess of the one
that is allowed to the particular tap changer.
Operation of the ARNE system must not bring about reactive power and
voltages oscillations found in switching stations .
The control of the transformer ratios should be performed within the range that
is allowed in context of the admissible voltages and currents at the primary and
secondary sides. With this adjustment range exceeded the operation of the
control system should be locked in that direction which might bring about a
further increase of the value that has been already exceeded.
3.5.14.
3.5.15.
3.6.
Technical requirements for generating units taking part in

reconstruction of the Polish power system
3.6.1.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
3.6.2.
The generating units take part in reconstruction of the PPS are characterized by
the following features:
Capacity of the generating unit must be sufficient to cover necessary load in
reconstruction of the power supply.
Generating units must be connected to the main transmission grid.
Proper ramping rate that facilitates quick loading by the loads that are connected
by the competent dispatch services.
High operating reliability.
High availability.
Specific strategic location of the areas assigned within the limits or in vicinity of
main industrial and urban agglomerations, including vicinity of the border
energy exchange stations without excessively complex access routes.
Correct operation of the frequency and voltage controls during isolated operation
with various connections and loads, facilitating acceptance of the step change of
the load by P = 0 0.1Pn with the frequency changing by no more than f <
1 Hz, and operation with low voltage and power levels, meant to meet the
operating challenges formulated by the lines with low loads.
Ability to control voltage in a chosen start-up route, in operation both with and
without load.
Organizational, technical and communication structure made properly match the
process of the Polish power system defense and reconstruction, according to the
requirements specified by the TSO.
Detailed technical requirements are specified by the TSO separately for each
individual generating unit expected to take part in the power supply defense and
reconstruction, according to its location in the PPS and its role in the Polish
power system reconstruction.

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4.
RULES GOVERNING CONDUCTING OF THE ACCEPTANCE

TESTS AND THOSE THAT VERIFY OPERATION OF THE
ANCILLARY SERVICES SYSTEMS
4.1.
Acceptance tests and those that verify operation of the

primary and secondary control systems, and the automatic
voltage control systems that control voltages in generation
nodes
4.1.1.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
4.1.2.
4.1.3.
4.1.4.
4.1.5.
4.1.6.
4.1.7.
4.1.8.
The following cases oblige generators to conduct the acceptance tests of the
systems that offer the primary and secondary control:
Commissioning up of new electric facility control systems.
Modernization of existing control systems.
Changes of structure or algorithm of control systems.
Changes of the control system equipment.
Changes of the power range of a generating unit that is controlled by the primary
control, increasing the control range in reference to the one that was earlier
subject to a formal acceptance of the control systems (change of installed
capacity or minimum allowed technical load).
Modernization of a generating unit that might affect the quality standard of its
control.
The tests described under the para. 4.1.1. are conducted by the contractor agreed
with the Transmission System Operator, according to the program fixed by the
TSO.
The generator proceeds obligatorily with the metering tests of primary control
concerning the control systems of the generating units after each major overhaul
or every four years. The meterings are subjected to technical evaluation by the
Transmission System Operator.
In order to secure their acceptance by the transmission system operator, the
primary and secondary controls systems are reported for technical acceptance
according to a one-week term of notice.
The Transmission System Operator organizes the formal technical acceptance
with participation of the generator representatives, meant to verify the
compliance of the generating unit with the control requirements of the
Transmission System Operator, combined with maintaining of the remaining
parameters at their levels of safe operation.
The Transmission System Operator confirms commissioning of the control
system after the requirements described under para. 4.1.5 are meet.
The Transmission System Operator proceeds with an uninterrupted control of
operation of the control system found at the individual generating units by
comparing the power measured in the real-time system with the pre-set values.
On the basis of the performance of the individual generating units registered at
the during the frequency or Y1 signal changes in the PPS the Transmission
System Operator evaluates the control quality standard offered by the individual
Date: 2001-07-19
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generating units.
If the TSO finds that the control systems function in the way that is not
consistent with the rules described in control acceptance protocols it becomes
free to order conducting of the control meterings at a date that comes earlier than
the one stipulated under para. 4.1.3.
If the TSO finds that the given generating unit is not ready for control operations
the additional tests of the electric facility are required.
Control tests described under paras. 4.1.9. and 4.1.10. are conducted to the costs
of the generator, with participation of the TSO representatives.
The generator covers the costs related to participation of the TSO representatives
in the control tests described under paras. 4.1.9., 4.1.10. and 4.1.13..
The TSO is free to demand (not more often than twice a year) a control test of
generating unit, to be conducted by the generator with participation of the TSO
representatives. In such cases the TSO notifies generator about this intention
according to at least 72-hour advance notice.
Responding to the generator request the TSO can agree to disconnection of the
generator unit control system.
According to a written request of the generator the range or other parameters of
the ancillary service that is rendered can be changed during the term of the
ancillary control services agreement. In such a case the electric facility
acceptance tests are required.
4.1.9.
4.1.10.
4.1.11.
4.1.12.
4.1.13.
4.1.14.
4.1.15.
4.2.
Acceptance tests and those that verify ability of the

generating units to restore the PPS power supply
4.2.1.
4.2.2.
4.2.3.
4.2.4.
The Transmission System Operator reserves to itself the right to conduct the
control test during the term of the ancillary services agreement, dealing with the
self-startup ability and operation of the generating units in isolated systems; the
test can be performed once a calendar year on a selected generating unit,
according to the rules defined in these Rules.
The Transmission System Operator informs the generator according to a 72-hour
term of notice about its intent to conduct the test.
If the test reveals that the power plant to render the services of PPS
reconstruction the payments received by the generator for the last settlement
period are refunded while further payments are discontinued pending positive
results of the repeated test. The negative result of the test makes the generator
pay costs.
The generator informs the Transmission System Operator about the date of the
repeated test according to a 72-hour term of notice.

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5.
SCHEDULING AND DISPATCHING OF THE ANCILLARY

CONTROL SERVICES BY THE TSO
5.1.
5.2.
5.3.
(1)
(2)
(3)
5.4.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
5.5.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
5.6.
(1)
The Transmission System Operator proceeds with scheduling and dispatching of

the ancillary control services within framework of the co-ordination scheduling,
in compliance with the rules stipulated in the IRiESP and the Rules of the
Balancing Market, taking into account the terms and conditions stipulated by the
connection agreement and the stipulations of the ancillary services agreement.
The detailed rules that govern elaboration, by the TSO, of the yearly and
monthly co-ordination schedules are discussed in the IRiESP while the rules of
the daily schedules are covered by the Rules of the Balancing Market.
The volumes of the power reserves required to secure a reliable and safe
operation and compliance with the qualitative specifications and standards of the
PPS energy, and also required to comply with the specifications of the
synchronous operation of the PPS with other systems, scheduled by the TSO in
the individual co-ordination schedules, result from:
Demand forecasts of the PPS and the schedules of operation and overhauls of the
grid.
UCTE requirements.
The specific set and the operation schedule (resulting from realization of the
trade agreements) of the generating units subject to dispatching.
In context of the scheduled use, by the Transmission System Operator, of the
ancillary control services the yearly co-ordination schedule (PKD) identifies the
required level of power reserves for individual calendar months, broken down as
follows:
Second reserve.
Minute reserve.
Hourly reserve.
Restoration reserve.
ancillary control services the monthly co-ordination schedule (PKM) identifies
the required level of power reserves for individual days of the month, broken
down as follows:
Second reserve.
Minute reserve.
Hourly reserve.
Restoration reserve.
Long-lasting.
ancillary services the preliminary daily co-ordination schedule (WPKD)
identifies the following elements for individual hours of the trading day n:
Required level of power reserves, broken down as follows:
(1.1.) Second reserve.
(1.2.) Minute reserve.
(1.3.) Spinning reserve.
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(2)
(3)
5.7.
(1)
(2)
(3)
5.8.
5.9.
5.10.
5.11.
(1)
(2)
5.12.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
5.13.
(1.4.) Restoration reserve.

The marker that identifies the intended use, by the TSO, of the second and
minute reserves of the particular generating unit.
The enforcement marker that marks the scheduled forced use of the particular
generating unit in a must-run operation system resulting from the reasons
reported by the power plant.
ancillary services the daily co-ordination schedule (PKD) identifies the
following elements for individual hours of the trading day:
Required level of power reserves, broken down as follows:
(1.1.) Second reserve.
(1.2.) Minute reserve.
(1.3) Spinning reserve.
(1.4.) Restoration reserve.
The marker that identifies the intended use of the second and minute reserves of
the particular generating unit.
The enforcement marker that marks the scheduled forced use of the particular
generating unit, reported by the power plant.
The generator, whose generating unit was scheduled in the WPKD as the one to
be used in control, remains obligated to maintain availability of the control
circuits (the primary and secondary control ones) and take properly into account,
in its scheduling of the generation and sale of electric energy covered by the
electricity sale contracts, the levels of reserves (the second and minute ones)
activated with said modes of control.
The rules to govern presentation of the balancing bids and taking into account in
them the rendering of the ancillary control services, applicable to the generating
units scheduled in the preliminary daily co-ordination schedule by the
Transmission System Operator are presented in the Rules of the Balancing
Market.
If a contract for delivery of the spinning reserve is signed the generator remains
obliged to present the balancing bid where the trade part of the same identifies
the incremental bands that specify the offered volume of the spinning reserve.
The grounds for verification of the balancing bids (trade part) are the admissible
values of the Unit Load Set-Points (BPP) that are determined individually for
each individual generating unit as:
BPPmin the minimum admissible value of the changes of the Unit Load SetPoint applicable to the particular operating status of the generating unit.
BPPmax the maximum admissible value of the changes of the Unit Load SetPoint applicable to the particular operating status of the generating unit.
The admissible values of the Unit Load Set-Points (BPP) are determined for the
following four cases:
Control system OFF marker 0.
Operation in the primary control system marker 1.
Operation in the secondary control system marker 2.
Operation in the primary and secondary control system marker 3.
The admissible values of the Unit Load Set-Points (BPP) are determined based
on:
Date: 2001-07-19
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(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Installed capacity POS.

Technical minimum Pmin tech.
Range of the primary control within the ARCM P(f) [MW].
Range of primary control off the ARCM P(f) [MW].
Range of secondary control P(Y1), taking into account the operating specificity
of the control system for the particular generating unit.
5.14.
The BPPmin, BPPmax will be eventually determined in the control systems
acceptance protocol for each individual generating unit involved in rendering of
the second and minute reserves, and for each one of the control utilization
markers. Said values will be determined in MW and registered by the
Transmission System Operator in Power Objects Configuration System (KOE),
and they will also be included in the ancillary services agreements.
5.15.
The BPPmin and BPPmax registered in the KOE system and in the ancillary
services agreements will constitute grounds for verification of the correct
elaboration of the balancing bids that concern scheduling of the second and
minute reserves utilization.
5.16.
If a balancing bid is rejected resulting from the bids verification process the
substitute bid will be accepted and the utilization marker identified in the WPKD
will apply.
5.17.
The control status marker, i.e. the one that identifies the operating condition of
the individual forms of control, is determined for the particular generating unit in
the WPKD according to the executed ancillary services agreements.
5.18.
Given generating unit can be operated in a system of primary and/or secondary
control only and exclusively when:
(1) The maximum trade power PMAX(h) is equal to the installed capacity POS.
(2) The minimum trade power PMIN(h) is equal to the minimum technical
capacity Pmin tech.
An exemption from this rule is allowed to an order by the Transmission System
Operator.
5.19.
Assignment of the control marker in the WPKD determines finally the range of
the admissible changes of the BPP, save for the situation described under
paras. 5.25. and 5.26.
5.20.
If in spite of its scheduling for control operation in the WPKD the particular
generating unit fails to operate in said system of reason of its failure to meet the
requirements stipulated under para. 5.18. or of reason of the faulty primary
and/or secondary control system the admissible range of changes of the BPP will
result from the control operating status defined in the WPKD.
5.21.
The faulty primary and/or secondary control systems do not result in a situation
where the generator concerned becomes free to change the admissible range of
the BPP for another one that fails to result from the status identified in the
WPKD, save for the circumstances discussed under paras. 5.25. and 5.26.
5.22.
Filing of the admissible values of the BPP will be feasible in context of the
settlements and statistics; the values of the BPP can be corrected if capacity loss
becomes the case while the governing rules in effect then will be the ones
discussed under paras. 5.25. and 5.26.
5.23.
The correction of the admissible values of the BPP will not affect the fixed
values of the BPP for each individual generating unit, recorded in the database of
Date: 2001-07-19
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5.24.
5.25.
5.26.
5.27.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
5.28.
5.29.
5.30.
5.31.
5.32.
(1)
(2)
(3)
the KOE system, being subject to technical acceptance, identified for each
individual type of the control utilization marker.
The SOWE system will allow reporting of the capacity losses on day n-2, till
10.00 hrs.
In case the maximum trade power PMAX(h) identified in the balancing bid is
lower than the BPPmax for the given control marker specified in the WPKD, the
PMAX(h) is assumed as the upper range of the admissible changes of the BPP.
In case the minimum trade power PMIN(h) identified in the balancing bid is
higher than the BPPmax for the given control marker specified in the WPKD, the
PMIN(h) is assumed as the lower range of the admissible changes of the BPP.
The power volumes offered by the individual generating units in overloading
(PP) and underloading (PZ) for each individual hour h of the trade day n must
meet the following conditions:
They are not negative.
They are specified as gross MW values with a precision of 1 MW.
The range of the offered overloads remains atop the installed capacity.
The range of the offered underloads remains blow the minimum technical
capacity.
If the presented balancing bids for the generating units scheduled for the control
operation in the WPKD fail to meet the required conditions the TSO uses the
substitute bids concerning the particular generating units while complying in the
process with the Rules of Balancing Market.
In context of its operation of system the TSO elaborates the Current Daily Coordination Schedule (BPKD) that identifies the unit load set-points of the
individual generating units for each individual 15-minute interval of day n. The
BPKD is elaborated based on the PKD and the information collected in
operation of the Polish Power System, according to the varying conditions that
affect demand in the PPS.
All the events recorded in the BPKD in relation to operation of the control
systems, operation, starting, outages and operating discipline of the individual
generating units, as well as the actual realization times of said events are subject
to registration in the Registration of the Daily Co-ordination Schedule (RPKD).
The RPKD facilitates determination of the causes of the appearing deviations
and also an assessment of the dispatch order implementations.
The detailed list of the events registered by the RPKD is found in the Rules of
Balancing Market.
If the control power reserve deficit, transmission network constraints or
disturbances appear the TSO becomes free to order an emergency energizing of:
The available primary and/or secondary control systems of also those generating
units in operation or subject to a start-up, which are not covered by the ancillary
services agreement.
The secondary control using the activating Y1(i) signal at all the generating units
in operation or subject to a start-up, found at the thermal power plants with
available secondary control system adapted for inclusion in the emergency
control.
The automatic load control system (i.e. the hourly reserve dispatching one) of
the generating units found at the thermal power plants (using the Y0 signal of
Date: 2001-07-19
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5.33.
the central regulator). This particular type of the service is seen as the one that
supports the secondary control and is utilized by the TSO when the electricity
balancing market is suspended.
The emergency procedures of the balancing market applied by the TSO in
suspension of the electricity balancing market are defined in the Rules of
Balancing Market.
Definition of the corrected operational contract position (gross)
POS
BPPMAX
BPP4
BPP2
BPP3
BPP1
P (range of RS
and/or RM depends
on control utilization
marker)
BPPMIN
PMNI
Determination of
contract position
for given hour h
15 min
15 min
TECH
15 min
15 min
Basic trade period [h]

The corrected operating contract position is determined according to the sum of the operating
volumes of electricity delivery during individual 15-minute periods

Date: 2001-07-19
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Process of establishment of the corrected operational contract

position
BPP4
BPP2
BPP1
15 min
15 min
15 min
BPP3
15 min
15 min
15 min
Basic trade period [h]
Point 4 marks the update time limit of the BPP for the current trade perio
it finally determines the corrected operational position for given hour h

Date: 2001-07-19
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6.
CONTRACTING OF THE ANCILLARY SERVICES BY THE

TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR
6.1.
Contracting procedure applicable to individual ancillary

services
6.1.1.
6.1.2.
6.1.3.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
6.1.4.
6.1.5.
6.2.
The required scope of the ancillary services bought by the Transmission System
Operator results from the volumes of the individual types of service identified in
the Yearly Co-ordination Schedule (PKR).
The Transmission System Operator contracts the ancillary services by way of the
competition of bids and bilateral negotiations.
The list of the ancillary services contracted by the TSO by way of the
competition of bids is as follows:
Second reserve (RS).
Minute reserve (RM).
Spinning reserve (RW).
Restoration reserve (RO).
Long-lasting (RT).
Underloading or overloading.
Voltage and reactive power control (ARNE).
The technique of bilateral negotiations is used by the TSO to contract the
ancillary services specified in the catalogue of the ancillary service under para.
1.3., save for the ancillary services mentioned under para. 6.1.3. of these Rules.
The bilateral negotiations are also used by the TSO in contracting of the
ancillary services rendered by the hydro power stations.
Ancillary services contracting schedule
6.2.1.
6.2.2.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
The process of the ancillary services contracting by the TSO is started after
contracts are executed with the generators in reference to the reserves of the
must-run generation the applicable rules can be found in the Rules of must-run
generation.
The ancillary services contracting process is preceded by delivery, by the TSO,
of an inquiry addressed to those generators who hold technical ability to render
the specific ancillary services. Said inquiry includes among others:
The list of the contracted ancillary services, complete with identification of the
types of service that are to be paid-for according to the rates determined by way
of the competition of bids.
The general information that includes the specification of the types of service
that are subject to the competition.
The definition of the individual types of service subject to the competition.
The detailed remarks concerning the competition of bids.
The subject matter of the tender process.
The prices, dues and settlement rules concerning the individual types of service
Date: 2001-07-19
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(7)
(8)
(9)
6.2.3.
6.2.4.
6.2.5.
6.3.
covered by the competition.

The bids evaluation criteria.
The samples of the bid forms.
The dates of:
(9.1.) Presentation of bids.
(9.2.) Opening of bids.
(9.3.) Completion of the bids evaluation and selection process.
The generators should present their ancillary services bids using the relevant
forms their samples can be found in Appendices Nos. 1 and 2 of these Rules.
The TSO reserves to itself the right to refuse examination of the bids presented
in another form.
The Transmission System Operator identifies the best bids and starts
negotiations concerning the services scheduled for purchase in negotiations.
The Transmission System Operator executes the 12-month ancillary services
agreement with the individual generators.
Charges for rendering of ancillary services
6.3.1.
6.3.2.
6.3.3.
6.3.4.
6.3.5.
6.3.6.
6.3.7.
The rates applicable to the charges for the ancillary services are fixed for a term
of 12 months (from July 1 of the year of the ancillary services purchase through
June 30 of the next year) by way of competition of bids and by way of
negotiations.
With contracting of the ancillary services done by way of the competition of bids
the rates applied in calculation of charges for the particular type of service
rendered by the individual generators result from the bid prices offered by the
particular generator.
If the rates determined that way exceed the admissible projected level resulting
from the amount of the qualitative component of the system rate that matches the
power reserves resulting from the tariff of the PSE SA, the competition of bids is
seen as the one that failed to bring about positive results.
The competition of bids is also seen as the one that failed to bring about positive
results when the presented bids fail to cover the demand for the particular
service.
If the competition of bids fails to bring about positive results in reference to a
specific service the TSO publishes its results (preserving in the process the
anonymous standing of the bidders) and applies to the generators for their
repeated presentation of bids concerning the particular service.
If the repeated competition of bids concerning the specific service fails to bring
about the positive results either the remuneration paid to the given generator for
its rendering of the particular service is calculated according to the prices and the
charges found in the tariff elaborated by the particular generator and approved
by the President of the Energy Regulatory Office.
If the rates of the ancillary service charges, determined by way of the
competition of bids as the bid prices concerning the particular form of service
offered by the individual generators, do not exceed the admissible projected
level resulting from the qualitative component of the system rate matching the
Date: 2001-07-19
Page 29 of 68
6.3.8.
6.3.9.
(1)
(2)
6.4.
power reserves and resulting from the tariff of the PSE SA the TSO accepts all
the bids of the generators and executes with them the ancillary services
agreements.
The rates that govern the charges for those ancillary services that are not covered
by the competition of bids are determined by way of negotiations that start with
the price bids presented by the generators.
The negotiations concerning the rates applicable to the ancillary service charges
are held according to the following rules:
The TSO embarks on negotiations with the relevant generators that hold
technical abilities to render the service, meant to attract the service at a cost that
is acceptable in context of the projected level of the qualitative component of the
system rate.
If the negotiations fail to bring about the expected effect the payments for the
given generator for its rendering of the particular form of the ancillary service
are based on the prices and rates found in the tariff of the particular generator
approved by the President of the Energy Regulatory Office.
Bids evaluation rules
6.4.1.
The following bids evaluation rules are accepted:

(1)
Technical rules 20 30 points, depending on the presented parameters and the

acceptance tests results (applicable to the second and minute reserves).
(2)
Price rules 30 50 points, depending on how far the particular price deviates
from the average prices calculated according to all the bids. With the second,
minute, spinning and restoration reserves the assessment will concern deviation
of the price for readiness (CZ), the price for utilization (CW) and the total price
(C). The general price will be determined according to the following weights:
(CZ) 20%, (CW) 30%, (C) 50%.
System rules depending on the location in the network (applicable to the
second reserve) 10 20 points.
(3)

Date: 2001-07-19
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7.
PENALTIES
7.1.
(1)
(2)
7.2.
(1)
(2)
The Transmission System Operator is free to charge the following penalties to be

paid by the generators whose generating units fail to comply with:
The operating discipline.
The available capacity.
The obligations of the individual generating units towards the Transmission
System Operator, concerning generation of energy in each individual hour of the
trade day, are equal to the reference energy (EODN) that covers:
Electricity (EBPP) resulting from the unit load set-points (BPP), determined as an
average MWh value of the BPP for each individual hour.
Electricity (EY1) generated in operation of the secondary control system
resulting from the path of the Y1 signal.
(7.1)
0,5 Y1
EY 1 =
t
31
where:
Y1 [MW] secondary control range;
(3)
average value of the Y1 signal in given hour of the trade day;

t
basic settlement period of 1 hour.
Electricity (EP) resulting from operation of the primary control system caused
by variation of frequency in the PPS.
(7.2)
f POS
E p =
t
fN S
where:
f [Hz] - mean frequency deviation (f=f-fN) in given hour;
POS [MW] installed capacity of the given generating unit;
f [Hz]
- momentary value of frequency;
f N [Hz] rated frequency (50 Hz);
7.3.
7.4.
7.5.
S
f / P of the given generating unit;
t
basic settlement period of 1 hour.
The failure to comply with the operating discipline is construed as a deviation of
the energy generation by the given generating unit, referred to the reference
energy defined by the following formula:
(7.3)
EODN = E BPP + EY 1 E p
If the deviation of the energy generation by the given generating unit, referred to
the reference energy, is lower than 1,5% of the installed capacity (Pos) the
generators are charged with no penalty.
If the deviation of the energy generation by the given generating unit, referred to
the reference energy, remains within 1,5% of the Pos 3% of the Pos the
Transmission System Operator remains free to charge the penalty calculated as a
product of the imbalance settlement price (CRO), determined for each individual
Date: 2001-07-19
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7.6.
7.7.
7.8.
7.9.
7.10.
trade period in the balancing market, and the volume of energy that constitutes
the disparity between the actual generation and the reference energy.
If the energy generated by the particular generating unit deviates from the
reference energy by more than 3% of the Pos the Transmission System
Operator becomes free to charge the penalty calculated at twice the product of
the imbalance settlement price (CRO), determined for each individual trade
period in the balancing market, and the volume of energy that constitutes the
disparity between the actual generation and the reference energy.
The failure to comply with the maximum trade power in the given hour of the
trade day is construed as a change of the maximum trade power of the given
generating unit in reference to the maximum trade power resulting from the
balancing bids reported for the given generating unit in hour 10.00 of day n-1, as
accepted by the TSO in the daily co-ordination schedule.
If the given generating unit fails to comply with the maximum trade power the
Transmission System Operator becomes free to charge a penalty calculated as
the product of the rate applied to the restoration reserve offered by the given
generating unit and the disparity between the available capacity accepted by the
TSO in the PKD and the available capacity registered in the given hour in the
BPKD.
Revenues generated by the penalties charged for non-compliance by the
generating unit with the operating discipline reduce the costs incurred in offering
the required quality standard and reliability of the power supply; they are
allocated to the tariff of the PSE SA within framework of the transmission
charge.
The penalties charged for the deviations of the energy generation discussed
under paras. 7.5. and 7.6. are applicable exclusively to the energy generation
deviations determined according to the rules stipulated under para. 7.2. this
means that the primary and/or secondary control system was energized without
relevant order of the TSO or remained in operation in violation of the rules
specified in the control systems acceptance protocols.

Date: 2001-07-19
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8.
SETTLEMENT OF THE ANCILLARY SERVICES
8.1.
Rules of the payment for energy generated in rendering of

the ancillary services
8.1.1.
The energy that is related to rendering of the ancillary services is subject to the
settlement in the balancing market according to the procedures stipulated by the
Rules of Balancing Market.
The energy generated or not generated resulting form utilization of the second
reserve (operation of the primary control) or minute reserve (operation of
secondary control) according to an order delivered by the TSO through the
SOWE system within the BPKD is subject to the settlement in the Balancing
Market according to the imbalance settlement price (CRO) determined for each
individual hour of the trade day n.
The energy that is generated resulting from utilization of the spinning reserve
according to an order delivered by the TSO through the SOWE system within
the BPKD will be settled in the Balancing Market according to the settlement
prices of the corrected contract position (CRK), determined for each individual
hour of the trade day n when the BPKD schedule is elaborated.
The energy that is generated resulting from utilization of the restoration reserve
according to an order delivered by the TSO through the SOWE system within
the BPKD will be settled in the Balancing Market according to the settlement
prices of the corrected contract position (CRK), determined for each individual
hour of the trade day n.
The energy generated or not generated in overloading or underloading according
to an order delivered by the TSO through the SOWE system within the BPKD is
subject to the settlement in the Balancing Market according to the imbalance
settlement price (CRO) determined for each individual hour of the trade day n.
The energy generated by the given generating unit of the combined heat and
power plant operated in the condensing system according to an order of the TSO,
exclusively in the circumstances resulting from the network constraints, is
subject to the settlement in the Balancing Market according to the imbalance
settlement price (CRO) determined for each individual hour of the trade day n
based on a separate agreement executed by and between the TSO and the
generator.
The energy generated resulting from utilization of the hourly reserve of the
hydro power stations will be settled in the Balancing market according to the
rules identified in the ancillary services agreement executed by and between the
TSO and the pumped-storage generator.
8.1.2.
8.1.3.
8.1.4.
8.1.5.
8.1.6.
8.1.7.
8.2.
Rules of payment for rendering of the ancillary services
8.2.1.
The payment for the ancillary services takes place according to the rates fixed
with the individual generators in the competition of bids or negotiations, and
Date: 2001-07-19
Page 33 of 68
8.2.2.
(1)
(2)
8.2.3.
(1)
(2)
8.2.4.
(1)
(2)
8.2.5.
(1)
(2)
8.2.6.
(1)
(2)
8.2.7.
8.2.8.
8.2.9.
8.2.10.
identified in the ancillary services agreements.

The second reserve service rate is of a two-component character:
CRSG rate applied in context of the readiness for rendering of the second
reserve service.
CRSW rate applied in context of the actual utilization of the second reserve.
The minute reserve service rate is of a two-component character:
CRMG rate applied in context of the readiness for rendering of the minute
reserve service.
CRMW rate applied in context of the actual utilization of the minute reserve.
The spinning reserve service rate is of a two-component character:
CRWG rate applied in context of the readiness for rendering of the spinning
reserve service.
CRWW rate applied in context of the actual utilization of the spinning reserve.
The bid rate applied in the restoration reserve service is of a two-component
character:
CROG rate applied in context of the readiness for rendering of the restoration
reserve service.
CROW rate applied in context of the actual utilization of the restoration reserve.
The dues for the services of readiness to offer the operating reserves remain the
case during the term of availability of the particular generating unit construed as:
The term of operation of the particular generating unit - in case of the second,
minute and spinning reserves;
The term of standstill in availability of the particular generating unit - in case of
the restoration reserve,
assuming that said generating unit presented bid and signed agreement
concerning rendering of the above-mentioned services.
The dues for the provision of the second and minute reserves remain with the
generating units that were scheduled for operation in the co-ordination
scheduling process BPKD BPKD-BPPZ.
The generating unit that was scheduled in the BPKD for rendering of the service
of the second and minute services readiness in day n, and was actually made
operate in the Y0 signal control operation system according to the order of the
Transmission System Operator, will receive the relevant payment for the actual
time of its operation in the Y0 signal control according to the price applied in
context of the minute reserve within secondary control by the Y1.
If the second or minute reserve is used in reference to the generating unit that
fails to hold the agreements for rendering of said services the dues to be paid for
the actual use of the above-mentioned services will be calculated according to
the bid price presented by the generator or according to the maximum rates
specified in all the ancillary services agreements, provided said prices are not
lower than the bid one.
All the events that constitute the grounds for payment, related to the rendering of
the ancillary services by the individual generating units, are subject to
registration in the RPKD (Registration of the Daily Co-ordination Schedule).
The RPKD facilitates at the same time identification of the causes of the
appearing imbalance and also an evaluation of compliance with the dispatch
orders.
Date: 2001-07-19
Page 34 of 68
8.2.11.
8.2.12.
8.2.13.
8.2.14.
8.2.15.
8.2.16.
8.2.17.
8.2.18.
8.2.19.
8.2.20.
The detailed list of the events registered in the RPKD can be found in the Rules
of Balancing Market.
If the primary or secondary control systems are switched on according to order
of the TSO at the generating units which are not covered by the ancillary
services agreement (when the Polish Power System suffers the control power
deficit, network constrains or disturbance) the payment for rendering of said
services will be calculated according to the maximum rate in effect in reference
to the particular service during the current contracting period.
The power reserve services offered by the thermal power plants are remunerated
according to the volume of the reserve that was actually accepted in the given
settlement month (determined according to the performance records).
The hourly power reserve of the hydro power stations is remunerated according
to the volume of the reserve accepted in the given settlement month when the
given generating unit remains in operation or in a standstill that provides for its
availability. But the minute power reserve of the hydro power station is
remunerated according to the volume of reserve in the given month credited
during the periods of operation (to order of the TSO) of the secondary control
system, during the term of generator-type of operation of the particular
generating unit.
The services of underload and overload operation of the generating units found
in the condensing thermal power plants and those of the condensing operation of
the generating units found at the combined heat and power plants (taking place
to a dispatch order) are remunerated according to the rates applicable to said
services, as presented in the bids and finally fixed in negotiations, and recorded
in the ancillary services agreements.
The reactive power and voltage control services (ARNE, compensatory
operation of a hydro-unit) are remunerated for the time of operation of the
ARNE system in the power plant or for the time of the compensatory operation
of the hydro-unit (their activation and deactivation takes place according to the
dispatch order) according to the payment rates applied to said forms of service,
as fixed by way of negotiations and recorded in the ancillary services
agreements.
The services of readiness to participate in protection and reconstruction of the
PPS (self-startup, isolated operation) are remunerated in reference to availability
of said services, according to the relevant rates fixed in negotiations and
recorded in the ancillary services agreements.
Activation and deactivation of the generating unit control systems without
consent of the TSO is inadmissible and results in renouncement of the payment
for the time of unavailability of the particular system, starting from the moment
of its deactivation till the moment of its restored service availability reported to
the TSO.
If the situation discussed under para. 8.2.18. appears the generator will offer the
TSO a discount amounting to the payment for the 12-hour operation of the
relevant system.
If the TSO notices that the particular generating unit is not able to offer control
or if its control quality is seen negatively by the TSO during a term of in excess
of 5 hours the payment for the relevant service will be renounced. The continued
Date: 2001-07-19
Page 35 of 68
payment will be conditioned on a positive results of the verification tests; the

payment will start from the next trade day after the positive tests.
If the situation discussed under para. 8.2.20. appears the generator will offer the
TSO a discount amounting to the payment for the 12-hour operation of the
relevant system.
If a disturbance appears or if a scheduled disconnection of the
telecommunication links takes place resulting in a situation where no Y1 control
signal reaches the power plant the generator involved is paid the full amount of
dues for its readiness to render the contracted minute reserve service.
Accumulation, during the term of one month, of the control systems operation
times and the times of the confirmed volumes of the individual power reserves,
recorded down to 1 minute, are rounded by the end of the months to full hours
according to the general rules applied in rounding.
Recognized as the energizing and deenergizing times of the control systems are
the times of performance of the relevant operation according to the order issued
by the TSO, as confirmed by the power plant.
The gross/net ratio for the basic trade period is determined according to the
declared gross and net volumes of energy during each trade period, as found in
the balancing bids.
If a part of the band presented in the balancing bid is utilized the gross/net ratio
is calculated according to the declared gross and net volumes of energy in the
particular band, determined for the utilized part of the band.
Conversion of the gross volumes into the net ones takes place according to the
formulas (8.11) or (8.12) presented under para. 8.3.3.4.
With the generating units started from the standstill the starting time of the
charge for the second and minute reserve is the moment when the startup is
completed, i.e. the moment when the generating unit arrives at its technical
minimum.
If the generating unit is started from the restoration reserve or standstill the
starting time of the charge for the spinning reserve is the moment when the
generating unit becomes synchronized with the network.
The availability ratios are calculated down to the fourth place after decimal
point.
All the settlement values (parameters) are recorded and calculated at one-hour
intervals for each individual generating unit, for all days of the month.
8.2.21.
8.2.22.
8.2.23.
8.2.24.
8.2.25.
8.2.26.
8.2.27.
8.2.28.
8.2.29.
8.2.30.
8.2.31.
8.3.
Value-based settlement of the ancillary services rendering
8.3.1.
Settlement of the second reserves offered by the thermal

power plants
8.3.1.1.
The dues relate to the second reserve offered by the particular generating unit in
the given settlement month are paid provided the following conditions are met:
The WPKD specifies the control utilization marker (1) or (3).
(1)

Date: 2001-07-19
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(2)
The primary control system is in a good operating condition as confirmed by the

valid acceptance protocol.
The remuneration for the second reserve is calculated using the following
formula:
N RS = N RSG + N RSW
(8.1)
8.3.1.2.
where:
8.3.1.3.
Remuneration for readiness of the given generating unit to render the second
reserve service NRSG in the given settlement month is calculated according to the
following formula provided the WPKD specifies the control utilization marker
(1) or (3) or a substitute bid is accepted (specifying markers (1) or (3):
N t
(8.2)
sg ( n )
N RSG = C RSG PS
T
n =1 60
where:
CRSG [PLN/MWh] - Rate applied in context of the readiness of the given generating unit
for rendering of the second reserve service, specified in the ancillary
services agreement executed with the given generator;
N
PS
[-]
[MW]
tsg(n)
[min]
60
[min]
T
[h]
8.3.1.4.
- No. of hours in the given months;

- Positive range of the power for primary control specified in the
agreement and confirmed by the acceptance protocol;
- Time of operation of the given generating unit in hour n, i.e. the time
of operation from the moment of completion of the startup procedure
till the moment of disconnection from the network (according to the
BPKD);
- Number that identifies the time the generating unit is eligible to
remuneration for in the given hour n (decimal values);
- Settlement interval (T = 1 h),

Remuneration for utilization of the second reserve NRSW offered by the given
generating unit in the given settlement month is calculated according to the
(1) or a substitute bid is accepted (specifying marker (1)):
N t
(8.3)
sw ( n )
N RSW = C RSW PS +
T
n =1 60
where:
CRSW
[PLN/MWh] - Rate applied in utilization of the second reserve offered by the

given generating unit (with reservations stipulated under para. 8.2.9
taken into account):
identified in the agreement signed with the given Generator
when the TSO utilized the contracted service, or
equal to the highest rate charged for the second reserve, in
effect during the current contracting period when the TSO
Date: 2001-07-19
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utilized the service that was not contracted;
N
PS+
[-]
[MW]
tsw(n)
[min]
60
[min]
- No. of hours in the given month;

- Positive range of the primary control within the range of the
installed capacity POS, defined in the agreement and confirmed by
the acceptance protocol;
- Time of operation of the given generating unit in hour n with the
primary control system energized to order of the TSO, seen as the
time from completion of the startup procedure till disconnection of
the given generating unit from the network (according to the
BPKD);
T
[h]
- Settlement period (T = 1 h).
8.3.1.5. Remuneration for utilization of the second reserve NRSW offered by the given
following formula provided the WPKD specifies the control utilization marker (3)
or a substitute bid is accepted (specifying marker (3)):
N t
(8.3a)
sw ( n )
N RSW = C RSW PSP +
T
n =1 60
where:
CRSW
[PLN/MWh] - Rate applied in utilization of the second reserve offered by the

given generating unit (with reservations stipulated under para. 8.2.9
taken into account):
equal to the highest rate charged for the second reserve, in
effect during the current contracting period when the TSO
utilized the service that was not contracted;
- Positive range of the primary control off the ARCM range and
within the range of the installed capacity POS, defined in the
agreement and confirmed by the acceptance protocol;
WPKD);
N
PSP+
[-]
[MW]
tsw(n)
[min]
60
[min]

[h]

Date: 2001-07-19
Page 38 of 68
8.3.2.
Settlement of the minute reserves offered by the thermal

power plants
8.3.2.1.
The dues relate to the minute reserve offered by the particular generating unit in
the given settlement month are paid provided the following conditions are met:
The WPKD specifies the control utilization marker (2) or (3).
The secondary control system controlled by the Y1 signal is in a good operating
condition, as confirmed by the valid acceptance protocol.
The remuneration for the minute reserve is calculated using the following
formula:
(8.4.)
N RM = N RMG + N RMW
(1)
(2)
8.3.2.2.
where:
8.3.2.3.
Remuneration for readiness of the given generating unit to render the minute
reserve service NRMG in the given settlement month is calculated according to
the following formula provided the WPKD specifies the control utilization
marker (2) or (3) or a substitute bid is accepted (specifying markers (2) or (3):
N t
(8.5)
mg ( n )
N RMG = C RMG PM
T
n =1 60
where:
CRMG
[PLN/MWh] - Rate applied in context of the readiness of the given generating unit
for rendering of the minute reserve service, specified in the ancillary
services agreement executed with the given generator;
N
PM
[-]
[MW]
tmg(n)
[min]
60
[min]
- No. of hours in the given months;

- Positive range of the primary control specified in the agreement and
confirmed by the acceptance protocol;
- Time of operation of the given generating unit in hour n, i.e. the time
of operation from the moment of completion of the startup procedure
till the moment of disconnection from the network (according to the
WPKD);
T
[h]
8.3.2.4.
Remuneration for utilization of the minute reserve NRMW offered by the given
(2) or (3) or a substitute bid is accepted (specifying marker (2) or (3)):
N t
(8.6)
mw ( n )
N RMW = C RMW PM
T
n =1 60
where:
CRMW
[PLN/MWh] - Rate applied in utilization of the minute reserve offered by the given
generating unit (with reservations stipulated under para. 8.2.9 taken
Date: 2001-07-19
Page 39 of 68
into account):

equal to the highest rate charged for the second reserve, in effect
during the current contracting period when the TSO utilized
the service that was not contracted;
- Positive range of the primary control defined in the agreement and
confirmed by the acceptance protocol;
WPKD);
N
PM
[-]
[MW]
tmw(n)
[min]
60
[min]

[h]
8.3.3.
Settlements concerning hourly reserves of the thermal

power plants spinning reserve
8.3.3.1.
The dues relate to the spinning reserve offered by the particular generating unit
in the given settlement month are paid provided the following conditions are
met:
The balancing bid of the given generating unit meets the requirements discussed
under para. 2.1.3.7. of these Rules.
The generating unit has the substitute bid.
The spinning reserve was scheduled in the PKD BPKD BPKD -BPPZ
process.
The generating unit the spinning reserve bid was presented for was scheduled for
operation in the PKD BPKD BPKD BPPZ process.
The given spinning reserve was qualified by the TSO according to the price
ranking for inclusion in the range of the spinning reserve required for the PPS,
guarantying a safe and stable supply of energy to all customers.
The remuneration for the spinning reserve is calculated according to the
following formula:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
8.3.3.2.
where:
8.3.3.3.
(8.7)
N RW = N RWG + N RWW
Remuneration for readiness of the given generating unit to render the spinning
reserve service NRWG in the given settlement month is calculated according to
the following formula:

Date: 2001-07-19
Page 40 of 68
t wg ( n )
n =1
60
N RWG = C RWG PW pw( h )
(8.8)
where:
CRWG
[PLN/MWh] - The rate applied to readiness of the given generating unit to render
the spinning reserve service, specified in the ancillary services
agreement signed with the given Generator.
N
PW
[-]
[MW]
pw(h)
[-]
twg(n)
[min]
- The utilization time of the spinning reserve offered by the given

generating unit, scheduled for hour n in the PKD BPKD
BPKD -BPPZ co-ordination scheduling process.
60
[min]

- No. of hours in the given month.

- The volume of the spinning reserve, determined according to the
ranking of bands, scheduled in the PKD BPKD BPKD -BPPZ
co-ordination scheduling process.
- Gross-to-net-value conversion factor for the given generating unit in
the hth hourly settlement period.
T
[h]
8.3.3.4.
Remuneration for utilization of the spinning reserve NRWG offered by the given
following formula:
N
(8.9)
N RWW = C RWW PW ( n )
n =1
where:
[PLN/MWh] - Rate applied in utilization of the spinning reserve offered by the
given generating unit, specified in the agreement signed with the
given Generator.
PW(n) [MW]
- Accepted volume of the spinning reserve in hour n.
N
[h]
- No. of hours in the month.
Whereas:
- the accepted volume of the spinning reserve in the given hour h if the TSO qualifies all the
spinning reserve in the given hour h is:
(8.10)
t
PW ( n ) = BPPmax( h ) r T pw( h ) A( h )
60
CRWW
where:
BPPmax(h) [MW]
tr
[min]
- Maximum admissible value of changes of the Unit Load Set-Point

for each individual operating status of the generating unit in hour h,
calculated as an average value of the four 15-minute Unit Load SetPoints determined for the given hour h.
- Operation time of the given generating unit in the hth hourly
Date: 2001-07-19
Page 41 of 68
settlement period.
60
[min]

[h]
pw(h)
[-]

A(h)
[MWh]
- Net volume of energy generated by the given generating unit in the

hth hourly settlement period, metered at the Balancing Market
Delivery Point,
while:
- if the PW(n) calculated according to formula (8.10) is < 0 the PW(n) = 0 is accepted;
- if all the bands are utilized in full:
(8.11)
Nc
pw( h ) =
Nc
Bc
i =1
Nc
i =1
where:
ENc
[MWh] - Net volume of energy in the utilized band, according to the accepted
balancing bid.
EBc
[MWh] - Gross volume of energy in the utilized band, according to the accepted
balancing bid.
Nc
- No. of bands included in the balancing bid;
- if a number of bands are utilized in part and in full:

Nc
pw( h ) =
E
i =1
Nc
Nc
E
i =1
Bc
EBw
E Nc
EBc
(8.12)
+ EBw
where:
[MWh] - Gross volume of energy in the part of the utilized band, according to the
accepted balancing bid.
8.3.3.5.
If the TSO qualifies a part of the spinning reserve from the full range of the
spinning reserve in the given hour h the remuneration for utilization of the
spinning reserve will be paid for the accepted part of the spinning reserve in the
given hour h.
EBw

Date: 2001-07-19
Page 42 of 68
8.3.4.
Settlements concerning restoration reserves of the thermal

power plants
8.3.4.1.
The dues related to the restoration reserve offered by the particular generating
unit in the given settlement month are paid provided the following conditions are
met:
The balancing bid of the given generating unit meets the requirements discussed
under para. 2.1.4.7. of these Rules.
The generating unit has the substitute bid.
The restoration reserve was scheduled in the PKD BPKD BPKD -BPPZ
co-ordination scheduling process..
The generating unit the restoration reserve bid was presented for was scheduled
for operation or standstill in availability in the PKD BPKD BPKD -BPPZ
co-ordination scheduling process.
The given restoration reserve was qualified by the TSO according to the price
ranking for inclusion in the range of the restoration reserve required for the PPS,
guarantying a safe and stable supply of energy to all customers.
The remuneration for the restoration reserve is calculated according to the
following formula:
(8.13)
N RO = N ROG + N ROW
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
8.3.4.2.
where:
8.3.4.3.
Remuneration for readiness of the given generating unit to render the restoration
reserve service NROG in the given settlement month is calculated according to the
following formula:
N t
(8.14)
og ( n )
N ROG = C ROG PO pw( h )
T
n =1 60
where:
CROG
[PLN/MWh] - The rate applied to readiness of the given generating unit to render
the restoration reserve service, specified in the ancillary services
agreement signed with the given Generator.
N
PO
[-]
[MW]
pw(h)
[-]
tog(n)
[min]
- The utilization time of the restoration reserve offered by the given

generating unit, scheduled for hour n in PKD BPKD BPKD BPPZ co-ordination scheduling process.
60
[min]

[h]
- No. of hours in the given month.

- The volume of the restoration reserve scheduled in PKD BPKD
BPKD -BPPZ co-ordination scheduling process.

Date: 2001-07-19
Page 43 of 68
8.3.4.4.
No payment for readiness to render the restoration service is the case in

reference to the power related to the generated energy.
The utilization of the restoration reserve should be construed as acceptance of
the restoration reserve in operation (in particular during the low-load hours when
the system features the surplus spinning reserve and thus sees a part of the
spinning reserve as the restoration one) or in the standstill (when the
Transmission System Operator identifies a part of the restoration reserve as the
required range of power that is available any moment, to an order issued by the
TSO, as the one required to secure the system safety in particular during the
peak-load hours).
Remuneration for utilization of the restoration reserve NROW offered by the given
following formula:
N
(8.15)
N ROW = C ROW PO ( n )
8.3.4.5.
8.3.4.6.
n =1
where:
CROW [PLN/MWh] - Rate applied in utilization of the restoration reserve offered by the
given generating unit, specified in the agreement signed with the
given Generator.
PO(n) [MWh]
- Accepted volume of the spinning reserve in hour n.
N
[h]
- No. of hours in the month.
Whereas:
(8.16)
PO ( n ) = POr ( n ) + POp ( n )
where:
POr(n) [MWh]
- spinning restoration reserve accepted in the given hour n;
POp(n)
- Restoration reserve in standstill accepted in the given hour n;
[MWh]
While:
- the spinning restoration reserve if all the spinning restoration reserve is qualified is:
POr ( n ) = BPPmax( h ) pw( h ) T PW ( n ) A( h )
where:
BPPmax(h)
[MW]
PW(n)
[MW]
pw(h)
[-]
[h]
A(h)
[MWh]
(8.17)
- Maximum admissible value of changes of the Unit Load Set-Point

for each individual operating status of the generating unit in hour h,
calculated as an average value of the four 15-minute Unit Load SetPoints determined for the given hour h.
- Accepted volume of the spinning reserve of the given generating
unit in hour n.
Gross-to-net-value conversion factor for the given generating unit

in the hth hourly settlement period.
- Net volume of energy generated by the given generating unit in the
Date: 2001-07-19
Page 44 of 68
8.3.4.6.
hth hourly settlement period, metered at the Balancing Market

Delivery Point.
If the TSO qualifies only a part of all the spinning restoration reserve in the given
hour h the remuneration for utilization of the spinning restoration reserve will be
paid for the accepted part of the spinning restoration reserve in hour h.
restoration reserve in standstill:
POp ( n ) = Pdysp ( h )
where:
Pdysp(h)
tp
pw(h)
60
tp
60
T pw( h )
(8.18)
[MW] - gross available capacity of the given generating unit accepted in the hth
hour;
[min]
[-]
[min]
- time of standstill combined with acceptance of the restoration reserve in

standstill offered by the given generating unit in the hth hourly
settlement period.
gross-to-net-value conversion factor for the given generating unit in the

hth hourly settlement period.
- number that identifies the time the generating unit is eligible to
remuneration for in the given hour n (decimal values).
T
8.3.4.7.
[h]
- Settlement interval (T = 1 h).
If the TSO qualifies only a part of all the restoration reserve in standstill in the
given hour h the remuneration for utilization of the restoration reserve in standstill
will be paid for the accepted part of the restoration reserve in standstill in hour h.
8.3.5.
Settlements concerning the long-lasting reserves of the

thermal power plants
8.3.5.1.
The dues related to the long-lasting reserve offered by the particular generating
unit in the given settlement month are paid provided that declared long-lasting
reserve covers the whole generating unit.
The remuneration for the long-lasting reserve NRTj generated by the particular
generating unit in the given settlement month is calculated using the following
formula:
(8.19)
N RTj = C RTj
8.3.5.2.
where:
CRTj
[PLN/month]
8.3.5.3.
- Rate for long-lasting reserve offered by the particular generating

unit, specified in the agreement signed with the Generator.
If the long-lasting reserve service is rendered by the particular Generator to
benefit of the Transmission System Operator for a period of no less than one
month, the remuneration for said service is paid for the days when the generating
units remained in reserve, including the day when the boiler of the particular
Date: 2001-07-19
Page 45 of 68
generating unit was fired up. In such a case the remuneration for the long-lasting
reserve NRTj offered by the particular generating unit is calculated using the
following formula:
(8.20)
n
N RTj = C RTj
Nm
where:
CRTj
[PLN/month]
- Rate for the long-lasting reserve offered by the particular

generating unit, specified in the agreement signed with the
particular Generator.
- Number of days for which the remuneration for the long-lasting

reserve is paid.
- Number of days in the given month.
8.3.6.
Settlements concerning minute reserves offered by

the hydro power stations
8.3.6.1.
The remuneration NRmEW for the minute reserve offered by the particular hydrounit in the given settlement month is calculated using the following formula:
M
(8.21)
N RmEW = C RmEW Pww,i t ww,i
i =1
where:
CRmEW [PLN
/MWh]
- Rate applicable to the Y1s signal control operation, specified in the

agreement (calculated on the basis of the increased variable costs that
are the case when the hydro-unit is operated in the secondary control
system).
Pww,I
[MW]
- Minute reserve range (band of the secondary control by the Y1s signal)
of the hydro-unit in the ith period of its generation operation with the
secondary control system switched on, specified in the agreement,
confirmed by the acceptance protocol (in hydro-units the secondary
control band matches their range of the active power control Pww =
PR).
tww,I
[h]
- Duration of the ith period of the hydro-unit generation operation with

the secondary control system switched on to order issued by the TSO.
[-]
- Number of operating cycles (in the given settlement month) of the

hydro-unit generation operation with the secondary control system
switched on to order issued by the TSO.

Date: 2001-07-19
Page 46 of 68
8.3.7.
Settlements concerning hourly reserves offered by

the hydro power stations
The remuneration NRgEW for the hourly reserve offered by the particular hydrounit in the given settlement month is calculated using the following formula:
Tm
(8.22)
N RgEW = C RgEW RgEW ( h )
8.3.7.1.
h =1
where:
CRgEW
[PLN/MWh] - Rate for the hourly reserve of the hydro power station, offered by
the particular hydro-unit, specified in the agreement (calculated on
the basis of the justified fixed costs allocated to the particular
hydro-unit).
Tm
[h]
- Number of hours in the month.
RRgEW(h)
[MWh]
- Hourly reserve of the hydro power station calculated for the

particular hydro-unit in the hth hourly settlement period,
where the reserve accepted during the standstill in availability or operation of the
particular hydro-unit is specified by the following relationship:
RRgew( h ) = Pdysp ( h )
tg
60
(8.23)
where:
Pdysp(h)
[MW]
- Available capacity of the hydro-unit operated as a generator,

accepted in the hth hour.
60
[min]

[h]
- Settlement interval (T = 1 h).
tg
[min]
- Period of the standstill in availability or operation of the hydro-unit

in the hth hourly settlement interval when its generator availability
was accepted.
8.3.8.
Settlements concerning overloaded operation of

the particular generating unit of the condensing
thermal power plant
8.3.8.1.
The remuneration NP for the overloaded operation of the particular generating

unit of condensing thermal power plant in the given settlement month is
calculated using the following formula:
m
(8.24)
N P = C P PP ,i t P ,i
i =1

Date: 2001-07-19
Page 47 of 68
where:
PP,i [MW]
- Disparity between the installed capacity and actual load of the

generating unit in the ith period of the ordered overload.
CP
[PLN/MWh] - Rate applicable to the overloaded operation of the generating unit,

specified in the ancillary services agreement.
tP,i
[h]
- Duration of the ith period of the ordered overload.

- Number of the overloaded operation periods in the particular month.
8.3.9.
Settlements concerning underloaded operation of

particular generating unit of the condensing
thermal power plant
8.3.9.1.
The remuneration NP for the underloaded operation of the particular generating

unit of condensing thermal power plant in the given settlement month is
n
(8.25)
N Z = C Z PZ , j t Z , j
j =1
where:
CZ
[PLN/MWh] - Rate applicable to the underloaded operation of the generating unit,

PZ,i
[MW]
- Disparity between the technical minimum and actual load of the

generating unit in the jth period of the ordered underload.
tZ,j
[h]
- Duration of the jth period of the ordered underload.

- Number of the underloaded operation periods in the particular
month.
8.3.10. Settlements concerning condensing operation of

the particular generating unit of the combined heat
and power plant
The remuneration NEC for the condensing operation of the particular generating
unit of the combined heat and power plant in the given settlement month is
p
(8.26)
gdy C EC > CROhk

hk (C EC CROhk ) PEC ,k t EC ,k
= k =1
0
gdy C EC CROhk
8.3.10.1.
N EC
where:
Date: 2001-07-19
Page 48 of 68
[PLN/MWh] - Rate for operation of the CHP in the ordered condensing system,
specified in the agreement.
CEC
CROhk [PLN/MWh] - Purchase price (in effect in the Balancing Market) of the additionally
generated energy in the hth hourly settlement interval of the kth
condensing operation period of the CHP.
PEC,k [MW]
- Increase of the power of the CHP generating unit in its operation

during the kth period of the ordered condensing.
tEC,k
[h]
- Duration of the kth operation period of the generating unit in the

ordered condensing system, combined with the power increase
PEC,k,
[-]
- Number of the condensing operation periods of the CHP generating

unit, as ordered by Transmission System Operator in the given
month.
8.3.11. Settlements concerning automatic voltage control

(ARNE)
8.3.11.1.
The remuneration for the voltage and reactive power control (ARNE) NA of the
particular generating unit in the given settlement month is calculated using the
following formula:
(8.27)
N A = CA tA
where:
CA
[PLN/h]
- Rate for operation of the ARNE control system at the power plant,
tA
[h]
- Operating time of the particular generating unit with ARNE system

switched on, in the given month.
8.3.12. Settlements concerning compensatory operation of

hydro-units
8.3.12.1.
The remuneration for the compensator operation Nk of the particular hydro-unit

in the given settlement month is calculated using the following formula:
N K = Ck t k
(8.28)
where:
Ck
[PLN/h]
- Rate for the compensatory operation of the hydro-unit, specified in

the ancillary services agreement,
tk
[h]
- Operating time of the hydro-unit in compensation, in the given

month.
Date: 2001-07-19
Page 49 of 68
8.3.13. Settlements concerning self-startup ability of the

power plant
8.3.13.1.
The remuneration for the power plant ability to self-startup, Nb, in the given
settlement month is calculated using the following formula:
N b = Cb k d
(8.29)
where:
Cb [PLN/month]
kd
where:
- Rate for the ability to self-startup of the particular power plant,

specified in the ancillary services agreement,
- Self-startup availability factor of the particular power plant.
kd =
where:
tdp [h]
t dp
(8.30)
Tm
- Self-startup availability time of the particular power plant during

particular month (it is a period of time when at least one generating
unit of the particular power plant (able to self-startup) remains in
operation or in a standstill as an available reserve).
- Number of hours in the given month.
Tm [h]
8.3.14. Settlements concerning isolated operation ability of

the generating unit
8.3.14.1.
The remuneration concerning ability of the generating unit to an isolated

operation, NPW, in the given settlement month is calculated using the following
formula:
(8.31)
N PW = C PW k dp
where:
CPW [PLN/month]
- Rate for the ability of the generating unit to isolated operation,

kdp
where:
- Operating time factor of the generating unit.

k dp =
t jw
(8.32)
Tm
where:
tjw [h]
- Time of operation of the generating unit in the given month.
Tm [h]
- Number of hours in the given month.

Date: 2001-07-19
Page 50 of 68
8.3.14.2.
8.4.
With hydro-units the acceptance of the dues for their ability to isolated operation
is conditioned on their ability to self-startup.
Invoicing and financial flows concerning rendering of

the ancillary services
8.4.1.
8.4.2.
8.4.3.
8.4.4.
8.4.5.
The settlements that concern rendering of the ancillary services are carried out
monthly.
The financial settlements between the TSO and the generators are carried out
based on the VAT invoices issued by generators.
The generator issues its invoice for rendering of the ancillary services based on
the report prepared by the TSO and agreed with the generator, specifying the
parameters of the individual services and the dues for their rendering.
An agreement of the partial reports takes place at decade intervals or the shorter
ones while the report that is discussed under para. 8.4.3. is agreed within 5
workdays after lapse of the calendar month.
The TSO will pay the dues to the generator for the received services as a onetime event concerning all the calendar month and all the generating units, acting
to that end within 14 days of the invoicing, unless the ancillary services
agreement stipulates otherwise.

Date: 2001-07-19
Page 51 of 68
9.
DEFINITIONS, DESIGNATIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS USED

IN THE RULES OF ANCILLARY SERVICES
9.1.
Definitions
Automatic load
frequency control
(ARCM)
Automatic voltage
control system (ARNE)
System disturbance
Disturbance duration
Negotiated price
Substitute prices
Declared energy supply

volume (ED)
DIRE
Settlement day
Positive range of
secondary control
Must-run generation
Scheduling Unit (JG)
- Automatic control system found in the connected power

systems, taking into account at the same time the criteria that
provide for maintenance of the power exchange balance and
the frequency according to the specific algorithm.
- Voltage control system at the generation node.
- An event that results in a loss of synchronism by such a part
of the PPS that generates or receives energy amounting to at
least 5% of the total ongoing generation.
- Period of time from the moment when a disturbance appears
till the moment when it is cleared, as announced by the
Transmission System Operator.
- Price in effect for the generating unit when operation of said
generating unit is enforced by the system constraints.
- Applied from the moment when market operation is
suspended till the moment when the suspension is called off
(to settle all the electricity sale contracts); the prices are
applied to all the energy flowing through the transmission
grid, generated or consumed when the market operation is
suspended. The substitute prices for the particular Balancing
Market Participant are also applied during periods of improper
flow of the Balancing Bids and/or settlement data.
- Determined for each individual generating unit according to
the trade transactions reported and accepted for realization in
day n.
- Engineer on duty at the power plant.
- Period from 0:00 hrs. to 24:00 hrs., each day.
- A part of the secondary power control range, from the set
point prior to disturbance to the maximum value of the
secondary control band.
- Generation of energy enforced by the quality and operating
reliability of the PSE; this concerns in the first place the
generating units generation of which is enforced by the
technical constrains found in the power system or by the
necessary securing of the required system reliability.
- The main object of the Balancing Market (RB), defined by the
set of the balancing market delivery points (MB) that require a

Date: 2001-07-19
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Generating unit (JW)
Centrally Dispatched
Generating Unit (JWCD)
Hydro-unit
KOE
Static compensator
Synchronous
compensator
Polish Power System

(PPS)
Balancing market
delivery point (MB)
joint determination, for use by the balancing market, of the

following trade data:
1. contract position;
2. volumes of delivered energy;
3. deviations from the contract position;
4. dues charged for deviations from the contract position.
A set of equipment belonging to the electric utility, designed
for generation of energy and described by the technical and
trade data. The generating unit includes also the generator
transformers and lines to the switches installed in the grid
switching stations of a bus-bar system
Generating unit that is dispatched by the transmission system
operator.
Generating unit of a hydro power station;
Electric facilities configuration system that constitute a
database of TSO, which includes technical data of generating
units
A set of power capacitors and shunt reactors with control
systems that allows to make changes in the amount and type
of delivered reactive power, designed to voltage control
within the power network.
A synchronous machine that works without load of active
power designed to produce or consume inductive reactive
power.
The power system within the Polish territory.
- This is an agreed point within the network covered by the

balancing market operation area, where the settlement of the
energy flow between the scheduling units and the network
takes place. The MB can be defined as the physical or virtual
point.
Base capacity / base load - Set point of the generating unit fixed through the dispatch
order or through operation of the control system based on the
valid optimization criterion.
Available capacity (Pdysp) - This is the maximum capacity of the given generating unit
accepted in the hour h.
- Minimum capacity of the generating unit that brings about a
Minimum operating
collapse of its efficiency characteristics.
capacity / operating
minimum
- Minimum capacity of the generating unit that facilitates
Minimum technical
permanent operation of the thermal power plant generating
capacity / technical
unit using the basic fuel. At hydro power stations this is the
minimum
minimum admissible capacity of the hydro-unit stable
operation.
Date: 2001-07-19
Page 53 of 68
- The highest long-lasting capacity of the generating unit or

generator, confirmed by tests, delivered in the rated operating
conditions, maintained:
a) by the thermal generator for an uninterrupted period of at
least 15 hours;
b) by the run-of-river hydro generator for an uninterrupted
period of at least 5 hours;
c) by the pumped-storage generator for an uninterrupted
period that depends on capacity of the top reservoir.
Power Station Common - Power consumed by set of drivers and electric equipment that
are needed for power plant common needs and partly for
Auxiliaries Capacity
needs of given individual generating units.
- Power consumed by the equipment and installations that are
Auxiliaries Capacity
necessary in the energy generation process by generating unit.
(PPW)
- The highest level of the electric capacity that is generated,
Peak power
transmitted or collected by the equipment, installations or
networks in the given period of time.
- Instantaneous power at the terminals of the generating unit or
Output power
the sum of the instantaneous capacities of the generating units
operated by the generator.
Rated
capacity of generating unit or sum of rated capacities of
Nominal (gross) capacity generating units of a generator.
- The highest long-lasting capacity that can be generated,
Rated capacity (Pn)
transmitted or delivered by the given power equipment,
defined by the manufacturer.
Voltage
level planned by the manufacturer in reference to
Rated (nominal) Voltage
operation of the particular equipment.
- bid presented by the specific balancing market participant to
Balancing bid
the transmission system operator in reference to the balancing
market, presenting the precisely defined trade and technical
data
- Maximum admissible and minimum necessary generation of
Network constraints
the power in the particular node or in the particular area, or
the maximum admissible transmission of power through the
given network section, including that concerning the power
exchange with the foreign countries, taking into account the
on-going operating conditions found in the PPS
Secondary control band - Area of setting the power variation at the generating units
within secondary control, facilitating automatic operation of
the secondary regulator in both directions from the current set
point.
- Order issued by the dispatcher, concerning performance of the
Dispatch Order
specific operations in the given electric facility.
- Independent but stable operation of the generating unit that in
Isolated operation
some extraordinary circumstances is not receiving the power
Installed capacity (Pos)

Date: 2001-07-19
Page 54 of 68
Islanding
Power Station Common

Auxiliaries
Frequency Control
supply from the PPS but remains able to supply its own
auxiliaries and the common power plant ones.
- Independent operation of a part of the PPS that is isolated
after its emergency disconnection from the rest of the system,
having at least one generating unit in operation while said
generating unit is able to offer power supply to customers and
other generating units.
- A set of drivers and electric equipment that are needed for
power plant common needs and partly for needs of given
individual generating units
- Control taking place in the power system, meant to maintain
the stable value of frequency or reduce the deviation of the
synchronous time from the astronomic one down to the limits
allowed by the IRiESP. The synchronous time ts is defined by
1
the following formula: t s = f (t )dt , where f0 = 50 Hz.
fo
- Power control of the generating unit, done using an individual
rotational speed governor, according to the grid frequency and
depending on the governor setting.
- Load and frequency control in the power system carried out
Primary Control
Secondary Control
through the coordinated use of the individual governors of the

selected generating units by the automatic load and frequency
control system (ARCM).
- Services provided by the entities to benefit of the transmission
system operator, required in context of the proper operation of
the Polish power system, facilitating maintenance of the
specified reliability and qualitative parameters of the energy
supply.
- Central unit of the automatic load and frequency control
Ancillary Services
Central Controler
Registration of the Daily
Co-ordination Schedule
(RPKD)
Hourly reserve (Rg)
system (ARCM).
- Document that presents a quantitative settlement of the
ancillary services. Drawn according to the data registered by
the Dispatch Support System and the metering ones. The input
data of the RPKD include all the pieces of information
required in settlement of the energy generated in realization of
the reported contract (realized corrected contract position) as
well as the energy generated resulting from operation in
primary and secondary control during the trade day.
- Mean hourly controlled power of the thermal power plant
generating unit in operation, available in up to 30 minutes,
scheduled for the particular generating unit in PKD, meant to
restore the dispatched resources of the second and minute
reserves with the varying operating circumstances found in

Date: 2001-07-19
Page 55 of 68
Hourly reserve of hydro

power station (RgEW)
Minute reserve (Rm)
Minute reserve of hydro

power station (RmEW)
Power Reserve
Restoration reserve (RO)
Second reserve (Rs)
Balancing Market
Actual volume of energy

deliveries (ER)
Self start-up
Normal Network
Operating Condition of
the Power System
Droop of Generating
Unit Control
the PPS.
Mean hourly available capacity of the hydro-unit in generator
operation or in dispatched standstill scheduled in PKD
Controlled power of the thermal power plant generating unit,
activated by the secondary control system using the Y1(i)
signal, available in up to 15 minutes.
Controlled power of the hydro-unit activated by the secondary
control system using the Y1s signal equal to secondary control
band of that hydro-unit.
Ability of the generating units to start generation and deliver
energy to the grid, that is not utilized in the given moment.
Net available capacity of thermal power plant generating unit
that is disconnected from the network and remains idle,
available in no longer than 8 hours, or the remaining hourly
controlled capacity of the thermal power plant generating unit
in operation, equal to the difference between the net available
capacity of said unit and the sum of the load and the second,
minute and hourly reserves.
Positive range of the power for primary control available at
the given generating unit, available in up to 30 second.
A part of market, where the transmission system operator
proceeds with transactions to balance production of energy
with actual demand
Determined for each individual scheduling unit according to
meterings of the energy flows in delivery points;
Independent start of generating unit without supply from
power system
Operating conditions of the power system where the values of
the system parameters remain within the admissible limits.
- Ratio of a relative change of the frequency to its matching

relative change of generating power with the fixed setting of
the generating unit regulator.
Droop of Voltage Control - Ratio of a relative change of voltage to relative change of
reactive power in given node within power network in a
steady state
- Operation that consists in connection of the generating unit to
Synchronization
the power system or connection of different power systems
after their frequencies, phases and voltages are equalized to
reduce the disparity of the vectors of connected voltages to a
value close to zero.
- Set of equipment, installations and programs that facilitate
Metering System
automatic collection and processing of the metering data.
- Set of equipment meant to facilitate collection and remote
Telemechanics System
transmission of information in the power system, covering
Date: 2001-07-19
Page 56 of 68
Generator transformer
UCTE
telemetry (transmission of measurements) telesignaling

(transmission of discrete signals), telecontrol (transmission of
orders) or other special information.
- Transformer that is supplied directly from generating unit and
that increases the voltage to the power network level.
- Union of Electric Energy Transmission Co-ordination that
organizes system operators of Western and Central Europe
whose systems operate synchronously.
Metering equipment
Ancillary Services
Technical conditions
Circular Graph of
Generating Unit
Generator
Pumped-storage
generator
Operational event
Ability of isolated
operation
- Meters and other settlement metering equipment items, and

also their interconnection circuits, designed for direct or
indirect use in the settlement process.
- Services required for the proper operation of the power
system, facilitating maintenance of the specified reliability
and qualitative parameters of the energy supply, provided by
the entities to the Transmission System Operator.
- Technical parameters and operational constraints of
generating units established in the ancillary services
agreement.
- Graph that presents the theoretically admissible operation
range of the generating unit useful in particular when the
reactive power is controlled at the generating unit
- Electric utility that proceeds with business that consists in
generation of energy
- Generator that uses the top and bottom water reservoir for a
cyclic pumping of water and generation of energy first of all
during peak hours of the power demand
- any change of:
a)
operating status of equipment;
b)
connection system;
c)
adjustment settings;
d)
control settings.
- Generating unit ability to maintain stable operation within
isolated network with the supply of auxiliaries in case of
disconnecting from PPS, and to provide frequency control
during islanding in case of PPS restoration after system
disturbance.

Date: 2001-07-19
Page 57 of 68
9.2.
List of abbreviations and designations
ARCM
ARNE
BPKD
BPP
BPPmax
BPPmin
CRK
CN
CRO
CZ
EC
EK
IRiESP
JG
JW
KOE
MB
OSP
PEC
P(f)
P(f)
PY1
PY1(i)
PY1S
PKD
PKM
PKR
Pdysp
Pmax,P
Pmin tech
Pmax,Z
Pn
Pos
PMAX(h)
PMAX(h)
PPS
PRm
PRM
RB
RRUS
Automatic Load Frequency Control

Automatic Voltage Control System at power plant
Current Daily Co-ordination Schedule
Unit Load Set-Point
The maximum admissible value of the changes of the Unit Load Set-Point
The minimum admissible value of the changes of the Unit Load Set-Point
Corrected contract position settlement price
Negotiated price
Imbalance settlement price
Substitute price
Combined heat and power plant
Thermal condensing plant
Instruction of Transmission System Operation and Maintenance
Scheduling Unit
Generating Unit
Power Objects Configuration System
Balancing market delivery point
Transmission System Operator (also TSO)
Increase of the power of the CHP generating unit in its condensing operation
Change of primary controlled power
Positive range of the power for primary control; second reserve amount
Change of the secondary controlled power of the thermal Generating Unit
operated by Y1 signal, second reserve amount activated by primary control
Positive range of the power for secondary control of the thermal Generating
Unit operated by Y1 signal; minute reserve amount activated by secondary
control
Band (= range) of secondary control of hydro-unit activated by Y1s signal
Daily Co-ordination Schedule
Monthly Co-ordination Schedule
Yearly Co-ordination Schedule
Available capacity of a generating unit
Maximum capacity in overloading of a generating unit
Minimum technical capacity/ technical minimum of a generating unit
Minimum capacity in underloading of a generating unit
Rated capacity of a generating unit
Installed capacity of a generating unit
Maximum capacity of the given generating unit submitted in trade bid
Minimum capacity of the given generating unit submitted in trade bid
Polish Power System (also KSE)
Lower level of control power band of generating unit
Upper level of control power band of generating unit
Balancing Market
Ancillary services
Date: 2001-07-19
Page 58 of 68
RG
RgEW
RM
RmEW
RO
RS
RT
RW
RPKD
WPKD
Hourly reserve
Hourly reserve of hydro power station
Minute reserve
Minute reserve of hydro power station
Restoration reserve
Second reserve
Long-lasting reserve
Spinning reserve
Registration of the Daily Co-ordination Schedule
Preliminary Daily Co-ordination Schedule

Date: 2001-07-19
Page 59 of 68
Appendix No. 1
ANCILLARY SERVICES BID OF THERMAL POWER

STATION
I.
Basic identification data
Power station name

Bid submission date
Name and surname /
telephone and fax number
of the person authorized
to proceed with on-going
contacts
II.
Technical characteristics for offered ancillary control services and their

rates
Designation code of generating unit:

Installed capacity (Pos)
Minimum technical capacity (Pmin,t)
III.
[MW]
[MW]
List of offered services
Y/N
Name of service
1.
Second reserve
2.
Minute reserve
3.
Spinning reserve
4.
Restoration reserve
5.
Long-lasting reserve
6.
Underloading
7.
Overloading
8.
Automatic Voltage Control System (ARNE)
9.
Self-startup ability
10.
Ability of isolated operation
Appendix No. 1
1.
1.1.
1)
Power reserves
Second reserve
Value of second reserve (positive range of primary control):
Pp+ = ...................MW;
2)
Ability to operate in primary control without secondary control

YES NO .
Payment rate second reserve:
a) CRSG = .............................. PLN/MWh.
b) CRSW = .............................. PLN/MWh.
3)
1.2.
1)
2)
3)
a)
b)
Minute reserve
Value of minute reserve (positive Y1 secondary control range):
Pw+ = ...................MW
Ability to operate in secondary control without primary control
YES NO .
Payment rate minute reserve:
CRMG = .............................. PLN/MWh.
CRMW = .............................. PLN/MWh.
1.3.
1)
Spinning reserve
Payment rate spinning reserve:
a) CRWG = .............................. PLN/MWh.
b) CRWW = .............................. PLN/MWh
Month
Spinning reserve [MW]
July
August
September
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
Appendix No. 1
1.4.
Restoration reserve
1)
Payment rate restoration reserve:

a) CROG = .............................. PLN/MWh.
b) CROW = .............................. PLN/MWh
Month
Reconstruction reserve [MW]
July
August
September
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
1.5.
Long - lasting reserve
1.5.1. Payment rate lasting reserve:

Price CRT PLN/MWmonth)
RT [MW]
TP [mc]
TR [mc]
TP time of standstill in durable reserve
TR time from TSO order till startup
Appendix No. 1
2.
Underloading (below minimum technical capacity)
2.1.
Technical characteristics
Minimum load after underloading:

.............. MW
Admissible time of continuous underloading in the 24-hour cycle:
.............. h/day
Admissible time of continuous underloading in the yearly cycle:
.............. h/year
Ability of underloading using the basic fuel only:
YES NO .
2.2.
Payment rate underloading

CZ = .............. PLN/MWh.
3.
Overloading (above installed capacity)
3.1.
Maximum capacity in overloading (Pmax,P):

........... MW;
Admissible time of continuous overloading in the 24-hour cycle:
...............h/day
Admissible time of continuous overloading in the yearly cycle:
...............h/year
Ability of overloading using the basic fuel only:
YES NO .
3.2.
Payment rate overloading:

CP = .............. PLN/MWh.
Appendix No. 1
4.
Automatic voltage control system (ARNE)
4.1.
Lagging reactive power control range:

Leading reactive power control range:
xxx
4.2.
Q = .......... MVAr.
Q = .......... MVAr.
Payment rate automatic voltage control system operation:

CA = ..................... PLN/h
5. Consent to bid publishing

I agree to publishing of this offer as a source of information for all bidders.
(YES
NO )
I acknowledge hereby the correctness of data presented in this bid.
.......................................
Appendix No. 2
ANCILLARY SERVICES BID OF HYDRO POWER STATION

I.
Basic identification data
Power station name

Bid submission date
Name and surname /
telephone and fax number of
the person authorized to
proceed with on-going
contacts
II.
Technical characteristics for offered ancillary control services and their

rates
Code designation of generating unit:

Installed capacity average
head (Pos)
[MW]
Minimum operating capacity

(Pmin,e)
[MW]
Minimum technical capacity

(Pmin,t)
[MW]
Upper voltage of unit

transformer
III.
[kV]
List of offered services

Y/N
Name of service
1.
Minute reserve of hydro power station
2.
Hourly reserve of hydro power station
3.
Intervention reserve of hydro power station *)
4.
Voltage and reactive power control (ARNE)
5.
Compensator operation
6.
7.
Ability to control frequency in isolated operation
*) applies only to power plants that do not render the hourly reserve services EW
Appendix No. 2
1.
Minute reserve of hydro power stations
1.1.
Range (band) of secondary control using Y1s: Pww = .................... MW
1.2.
Payment rate: CrmEW =................ PLN/MWh.
2.
Hourly reserve and intervention reserve of hydro power stations
2.1. Characteristics of access to power reserve

1) generating unit operating condition switch times:
Initial condition
Target condition
Standstill
Standstill
Generating operation
Generatingr operation
Pumping operation
Standstill
Pumping operation
Compensation in
generating direction
Compensation in pumping
direction
Standstill
Standstill
Operating condition switch

time [min; sec]
Pumping operation
Compensation in generator
direction
Compensation in generator Standstill
direction
Standstill
Compensation in pump
direction
Standstill
direction
Pumping operation
direction
Compensation in generator
direction
Pumping operation
Pumping operation
2) Installed capacity Pos (in generating operation) and consumed power Ppomp (in
pumping operation) depending on water level in the top reservoir (HZG):
[characteristic presented in a form of table or formula]
3) Ramping rate of generating unit:
maximum acceptable ramping rate = ................... MW/min
maximum ramping rate within power control band, with the secondary control ON:
.................. MW/min.
Appendix No. 2
2.2.
Offered hourly reserve and intervention reserve operation of the hydro

power stations
Month
Hourly reserve of hydro

power station
[MWh]
-
Intervention reserve of
hydro power station
[MWh]
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
*) either hourly reserve or intervention reserve of hydro power station can be
contracted
2.3.
Payment rates
1) Payment rate hourly reserve of hydro power station:

CrgEW =.......... PLN/MWh
2) Payment rate intervention reserve of hydro power station:
CriEW =.......... PLN/MWh.
Appendix No. 2
3.
Automatic voltage control system (ARNE)
3.1.
Reactive power control range (Q):

Reactive power
Operating mode
Inductive [MVAr]
Capacitive [MVAr]
Compensator
Generating
Pumping
3.2.
Payment rate automatic voltage control system operation:

CA = ................... PLN/h
4.
Compensatory operation payment rate:
5.
5.1.
Time from voltage decay to voltage restoration on unit circuit breaker :
Ck = ..................... PLN/h.
................... min
Cb = ................... PLN/month.
5.2.
Payment rate:
6.
Ability of isolated operation
6.1.
Frequency control range:
6.2.
Payment rate:
.................... Hz
CPW = .................. PLN/MW/month.

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POLISH POWER GRID COMPANY S.A.

TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

DETAILED PART No. 2:

RULES OF ANCILLARY SERVICES

DISCLAIMER OF LIMITATION OF LIABILITIES.

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

8.3.11. Settlements concerning automatic voltage control (ARNE) ........................................................... 3

IRiESP Detailed Part: Rules of ancillary control services

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

Legal grounds of the Rules of ancillary control services

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

Scope of the Rules of ancillary control services

Catalogue of the ancillary control services

The System Operator purchases, according to the guidelines stipulated by these

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

Operation of the condensing thermal power plants (EK) in underload or

(7.2.) Isolated operation ability.

IRiESP Detailed Part: Rules of ancillary control services

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ANCILLARY SERVICES

Power reserves at the thermal power plants

Second reserve (Rs) for the primary control

Minute reserve (Rm) for the secondary control

IRiESP Detailed Part: Rules of ancillary control services

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

determined by the positive range of the secondary control.

2.1.3. Hourly Reserve (RG) within the Spinning Reserve (RW)

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

Restoration reserve (RO)

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

IRiESP Detailed Part: Rules of ancillary control services

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

Second reserve (primary

Minute reserve (positive

Power bands contracted by the TSO:

The range the declared contract

Power bands contracted by the TSO:

Pos - Installed capacity

Illustration of the physical ranges of power control at the generating units

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

Long -lasting reserve (RT)

Power reserves of the hydro power stations

Operation of the thermal condensing power plant in

The ancillary service called underloading consists in operation of a generating

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

above the installed capacity should not be lower than 5 MW.

Condensing operation of the combined heat and power plant

Reactive power flow and voltage control services in

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

Readiness for restoration of the PPS power supply

The sources of the PPS power supply restoration are as follows:

IRiESP Detailed Part: Rules of ancillary control services

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS APPLICABLE TO THE

Specifications of the primary control systems

Primary control automatically responds to the frequency change in the power

Technical requirements of the secondary control systems

The secondary control is implemented by selected generating units of thermal

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

Technical requirements for the control system based on the

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR

Technical requirements of generating unit control systems

PSE S.A. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATOR