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Marcy_cb21
Module 2
ENGLISH
RELAYING INFORMATION ACCURATELY USING
DIFFERENT DISCOURSES
A DepEd-BEAM Distance Learning Program supported by the Australian Agency for International Development
To the Learner
Dear Learner,
How are you today?
In your previous module youve learned about stress. Today
we will learn the two ways of expressing the words of a speaker - direct
discourse and indirect discourse.
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Indirect Discourse
1. Mr. Spelding said that he had
to be killed.
2.
3.
4.
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A big black crow sat high in a tree. In his beak he held a delicious
chunk of cheese. A fox passed by. Looking up, he spotted Crow. He
noticed what Crow had and decided to get some of the cheese for
himself.
How are you, dear Crow? called Fox. Crow, of course could not
answer. His beak was full of cheese. You look lovely today, said the
crafty fox.
Crow puffed up his feathers a bit and peered down at Fox.
My, my, Fox went on I certainly admire the way your feathers
shine in the sunlight. Black is my favorite color, you know.
Crow did not answer, but he listened carefully to every word.
There is nothing as handsome as crow in flight. said Fox. Your
wings are so huge! You are so graceful!
Crow spread his wings and fluttered them in the breeze. Fox was
right; they were lovely. He was very pleased with Foxs flattery.
Oh, its true, fox smiled. You are a stunning creature. It is all
the sadder then, that you have no voice. If only you could sing, I
believe, I believe you could be the finest bird in the forest!
Poor, silly Crow. He wanted so much to be the finest bird in the
forest. It was true that his voice was usually quite loud and scratchy,
but he simply needed to practice. Perhaps Fox enjoyed loud songs.
Crow tilted his head back, opened his beak, and let out a shrill Caw!
Caw!
With that, the cheese fell out of his beak and dropped to the
ground. Fox gulped it down in one instance and ran off into the forest.
1. How did Fox flatter Crow?
2. Why was he flattering the crow?
3. Was the fox able to get the cheese?
4. What is the moral lesson of the fable?
Read the sentences below.
Direct Discourse
1. You look very lovely today, said the crafty fox.
2. I certainly admire the way your feathers shine in the sunlight,
Fox went on.
3. I believe you could be the finest bird in the forest, Fox
exclaimed.
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Indirect Discourse
1. The crafty fox told the crow that it looked very lovely.
2. Fox said that he certainly admired the way the crows feathers
shine in the sunlight.
3. He exclaimed that he believed that he could be the finest bird in
the forest.
Study the underlined word in each sentence.
1. You look very lovely today said the crafty fox.
2. I certainly admire the way your feathers shine in the sunlight
Fox went on.
3. I believe you could be the finest bird in the forest Fox
exclaimed.
The underlined words are the exact words of the Fox who is the
speaker. The speech made by the speaker is called a direct
discourse. It is enclosed in quotation marks and is usually
separated from the quotation tag by a comma or a question mark
(in case of a question).
The verb, together with the name of the speaker is called
explanatory expression. It may be found at the beginning, middle or
end of a quotation.
Examples: said the crafty fox
Fox exclaimed
Fox went on
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Lets Do This
Change the following from direct to indirect speech or discourse.
Study the example.
Example:
Marie, do you know any poem about nature? asked Edna.
Answer:
Edna asked Marie whether she knew any poem about nature.
1. Edna replied, I know the poem entitled, Trees.
2. Marie asked, Can you recite it from memory?
3. Yes, I can, answered Edna.
4. Trees are very useful to us, commented Ronnie.
5. Some trees live up to a hundred years old, said Roxanne.
6. Rings on the trunk of the tree tell how old a tree is, says
Marlene.
7. The narra and the molave are sturdy trees, says Liza.
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Lets Do More
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A.
The exact words of the speaker are called direct
discourse. It is enclosed in quotation marks. A
comma sets off the direct discourse from the
explanatory expression.
An explanatory expression is made up of the verb
and the name of the speaker.
If the direct discourse asks questions, the comma is
dropped and a question mark is used.
A report on what the speaker says is called an
indirect discourse. Quotation marks and commas are
no longer used.
B.
When a question is directly quoted, a question mark
takes the place of the comma.
Helping verbs do, does and did are dropped when a
question is reported.
The verb asks may be substituted with wonder, want
to know, would like to know, long to know, etc.
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Read the following direct quotations. From the choices, select one
that contains the correct reported sentence. Write the letter of
your answer on a sheet of paper.
1. Mother said, You come early, Roland.
a. Mother said to her son to come home early.
b. Mother said you come home early to her son.
c. Mother told her son to come home early.
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Read and answer the following sentences. Write the letter of your
answer on a piece of paper.
1. Which of the following statements is a direct address?
a. Jason says, The soup tastes good.
b. Jason says that the soup tastes good.
c. Jason tastes a good soup.
2. Which reported speech is written correctly?
a. The guidance counselor asked where they live.
b. The guidance counselor asked where do you live?
c. The guidance counselor asked where you live.
3. Give the reported speech of: Mother said, Mary, clean the
kitchen.
a. Mother said Mary cleaning the kitchen.
b. Mother said clean the kitchen Mary.
c. Mother told Mary to clean the kitchen.
C.
Ex. Did the typhoon start subsiding the following day? the man asks.
1. Did the inspection teams of Meralco scour the streets to survey
the extent of damage to its transmission system the President
asked.
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Lets Enrich
Ourselves
A.
Example:
Direct discourse: Mother said, Teresa, make some juice for the
visitors.
Indirect discourse: Mother told Teresa to make some juice for
the visitors.
1. The teacher said, Class, go out and observe the clouds.
2. The pupils answered, We cannot see the sun when thick clouds
cover it.
3. One of the boys replied, Nimbus clouds carry rain.
4. One pupil remarked, I see some nimbus clouds.
5. An alert classmate answered, Lightning is a sudden flash of
electricity.
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B.
Example:
Indirect discourse: Miss Salcedo told the class to keep quiet.
Direct discourse: Miss Salcedo said, Class, keep quiet.
1. Aling Tina told Minda to set the table.
2. Minda asked her mother how many visitors are coming.
3. The visitors exclaimed that it was a wonderful party.
4. Mother answered that she was very much delighted.
5. The pupil asked Miss Salcedo if she will join the choral group.
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Answer Key
Lets Do This
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Lets Do More
2. Were the deliveries completed? the supervisor asks.
3. She asks, Are the stories in that book interesting?
4. The patient asked, Is the doctor in?
5. Will many companies close? the workers ask.
6. He asks, Does she crucify herself by doing the work alone?
7. Connie asked, Do you readily reply to all the teachers question?
8. The mother asked, Was the test easy to answer?
9. Do you do your duties promptly? the teacher wanted to know.
10. JB asks, Will father bring home some goodies?
Lets Test Ourselves
A.
B.
1. c
2. a
3. b
1. a
2. a
3. c
C.
1. Did the inspection teams of Meralco scour the streets to survey the
extent of damage to its transmission system? the President asked.
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