RED Related Additional Resources

Filename

Resource Type Title

Author

Abstract

Infrastructure Note - rt1.pdf

Technical Note

Typical Unpaved Roads

Roughness Predicted By the
HDM-III Model

Rodrigo S. Archondo-Callao

The Highway Design and Maintenance Standards Model, HDM-III, based

on the Brazil-UNDP field study conducted between 1976 and 1981,
predicts the average annual road roughness of engineered unpaved roads
as a function of five variables - traffic volume, material properties, road
geometry, environment and grading frequency. This note presents
examples of HDM-III predictions for a lateritic gravel road and for an earth
road, and may be used more generally as a guide for the estimation of
roughness of unpaved roads when more precise measurements are not
available.

71

Infrastructure Note - rt2.pdf

Technical Note

Unpaved Roads Roughness

Estimation by Subjective
Evaluation

Rodrigo S. Archondo-Callao

Road agencies need to estimate road roughness when determining the

economic evaluation of proposed maintenance and upgrading options, and
in pavement management systems for planning and programming
purposes. Instrumented measurement of roughness is desirable, but when
instrumented measurement is not feasible, for example in the case of
unpaved roads, recourse must be made to subjective estimation. This note
presents two approaches to subjective estimation, both based on the
World Banks work in the development of the Highway Design and
Maintenance Standards Model, HDM-III, and the Highway Development
and Management Model, HDM-4.

29

Infrastructure Note - rt3.pdf

Technical Note

Paving of Unpaved Roads

Economically-Justified Paving
Costs

Rodrigo S. Archondo-Callao

Under certain circumstances, paving of unpaved roads may be

economically justified. To help road agencies identify unpaved roads that
may be potential candidates for paving, this Note presents typical
scenarios in which paving may be examined as a valid investment option.
This procedure should be considered no more than a first screening
process, and candidate roads that pass this first screening should
thereafter be subject to further investigation that would include a more
rigorous economic evaluation and evaluation of other aspects of the
proposed paving, notably the environmental and social aspects. Candidate
roads that did not pass this first screening would not be subject to further
examination, at least not for the time being, and candidate roads with
marginal economic feasibility should be subject to a more rigorous
economic evaluation with refined data.

73

Infrastructure Note - rt4.pdf

Technical Note

Designing a Rural Basic Access Dieter Schelling and Zhi Liu

Road Project: The Case of
Andhra Pradesh, India

Conventional road project design and appraisal methodology has some

serious limitations when it is applied to rural basic access road projects,
particularly those aiming to achieve both social equity and economic
efficiency objectives. These limitations can be overcome by the use of
participatory approaches and other practical tools.

387

Infrastructure Note - rt5.pdf

Technical Note

Economic Analysis of a Rural

Zhi Liu
Basic Access Road Project: The
Case of Andhra Pradesh, India

Rural basic access road projects are expected to yield substantial social
benefits, which cannot be properly evaluated using conventional costbenefit analysis methodology. This note describes the application of
costeffectiveness analysis to supplement cost-benefit analysis in the
evaluation and selection of road works for financing under a Bank rural
road project in the State of Andhra Pradesh, India.

39

Infrastructure Note - Value of Time.pdf

Technical Note

The Value of Time In Economic Kenneth M. Gwilliam

Evaluation of Transport Projects
Lessons from Recent Research

There are currently no general guidelines on the valuation of time, which is

consequently often omitted in the economic evaluation of Bank transport
projects. On the basis of a review of recent research this note suggests an
appropriate approach where standard values are not available from
government sources.

46

Technical Paper - 496.pdf

Technical Paper Design and Appraisal of Rural

Jerry Lebo and Dieter Schelling
Transport Infrastructure:
Ensuring Basic Access for Rural
Communities

Isolation contributes to rural poverty. Without a minimum of reliable and

efficient access to locations of basic social and economic activities, rural
life stagnates and local development prospects remain limited. Providing
and maintaining a minimum level of access, referred to in this paper as
basic access, is therefore a necessary element of any rural development
strategy. Overcoming isolation necessitates holistic strategies.
Approaches include improved logistics to support trade and
communication, the promotion of transport services and intermediate
means of transport, improved quality and location of services, and the
sustainable provision of cost effective transport infrastructure. Among
these, the cost-effective design and appraisal of rural transport
infrastructure (RTI) is the topic of this paper

1802

Documentation - HDM-III Model Volume 1.pdf

Model
Documentation

The Highway Design and

Maintenance Model Description of the HDM-III
Model

This volume is one in a series that documents the results of the HDM-III
study. The Highway Design and Maintenance Standards Study (HDM-III)
has focused both on the rigorous empirical quantification of the tradeoffs
between the costs of road construction, road maintenance, and vehicle
operation and on the development of planning models incorporating total
life-cycle cost simulation as a basis for highways decisiomnaking.

13253

DETOUR10 Deterioration of Unpaved Roads

(ver 1.00).XLS

Excel Model

Deterioration of Unpaved Roads Rodrigo S. Archondo-Callao

Model Using HDM Relationships

Thawat Watanatada, Clell G.

Harral, William D. 0. Paterson,
Ashok M. Dhareshwar, Anil
Bhandari, and Koji Tsunokawa

The Deterioration of Unpaved Roads Model (DETOUR) implements in

Excel the road deterioration relationships for unpaved roads of the
Highway Design and Maintenance Standards Model (HDM-III).

Size Kb

73

15773