1

THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES

ST. AUGUSTINE

EXAMINATIONS OF DECEMBER 2005

Code and Name of

Course:

CHEM 1062 -

BASIC CHEMISTRY FOR LIFE SCIENCES

Date and Time:

Duration: THREE (3) hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: This paper has nine ( 9 ) pages and six ( 6 ) questions

Candidates are required to answer FOUR (4) questions.

This Paper has THREE (3) Sections A, B, and C.
You must answer at least ONE (1) question from EACH Section.
Each question is worth 25 marks
The use of non-programmable calculators is permitted.
Where necessary use:
Standard temperature

= 273 K

Standard pressure

= 1 atm

Universal Gas Constant, R = 8.314 J K -1 mol-1

or 0.0821 L atm K -1 mol-1
Avogadros number, NA

= 6.023 1023 mol-1

1 mole of gas at STP

= 22.4 L

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

The University of the West Indies

Course Code CHEM 1062

2005/2006/.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).
.
First Examiner

..
University Examiner

Second Examiner

.
External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 20/../..

Date: 20..//

Page 2

Section A
General and Inorganic Chemistry
Answer at least ONE (1) question from this section
1.

(a)

Describe briefly the basic structure of the atom.

(5 marks)

(b)

Answer the following questions related to the principal energy level or shell n=3 of an atom
(i) give the names of the different subshells in this principal energy level

(3 marks)

(ii) state the number of orbitals in each subshell named in (i) above

(3 marks)

(iii) give the total number of electrons that can be accommodated in this principal energy level
(1 mark)
(c)

Potassium reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form hydrogen gas and potassium chloride.
Answer the following questions:
(i)

Using orbital-filling diagrams to represent electron configuration, write the electron

configuration of potassium (Z=19).

(ii)

(3 marks)

Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between potassium and hydrochloric
acid. Include state symbols in your equation.

(iii)

(2 marks)

Do you expect potassium chloride to be covalent or ionic? Explain briefly.

(3 marks)

(d)

(i)

Explain the term oxidation state or oxidation number.

(ii)

What is the oxidation state of each element in the compound K2Cr2O7?

(2 mark)
(3 marks)

2.

(a)

When fructose (fruit sugar) C6H12O6 reacts with oxygen energy is produced and carbon dioxide
and water are formed. Answer the following questions concerning this reaction:
(i) Write a balanced equation for this reaction giving state symbols

(2 marks)

(ii) What is the mole ratio of fructose to oxygen in this reaction?

(1 mark)

(iii) Calculate the molar mass of fructose.

(Atomic weights: H = 1.0, C = 12.0, O = 16.0)

(1 mark)

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

The University of the West Indies

Course Code CHEM 1062

2005/2006/.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).
.
First Examiner

..
University Examiner

Second Examiner

.
External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 20/../..

Date: 20..//

Page 3

Question 2 (continued)
(iv) How many moles of O2 are required to react completely with 45g of fructose?
(2 marks)
(v) What volume of CO2 at STP is produced when 45g of fructose reacts completely with
oxygen?
(b)

(i)

(4 marks)

Using electron-dot symbols to represent the valence electrons of carbon and oxygen, and
arrows to show covalent bond formation, show the bonding in carbon dioxide.
(3 marks)

(ii)

What is the shape of the carbon dioxide molecule?

(1 mark)

(iii)

Do you expect carbon dioxide to be a polar molecule? Explain briefly using a drawing of
the molecule to illustrate your answer.

(c)

(2 marks)

The boiling point of water is 100 0C whereas the boiling point of methane (CH4) is

161 0C.

With the aid of drawings explain why there is such a large difference in the boiling points
of these two compounds.
(d)

(5 marks)

Explain what is a coordinate covalent bond. Use an example to illustrate your answer.
(4 marks)

END OF SECTION A

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

The University of the West Indies

Course Code CHEM 1062

2005/2006/.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).
.
First Examiner

..
University Examiner

Second Examiner

.
External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 20/../..

Date: 20..//

Page 4

SECTION B
Properties and Reactions of Organic Compounds
Answer at least ONE (1) question from this section
3.

(a)

Answer the following questions based on compound C shown below:

O

H
C

H
HO

OH
H

OH

OH
CH2OH

Compound C
(i)

On a drawing of compound C point out and name all the functional groups in C.
(2 marks)

(ii)

Classify compound C either as an aldose or a ketose.

(1 mark)

(iii)

Compound C is easily oxidized by Benedicts solution to form an acid. Draw

the structure of the acid formed from the oxidation of compound C.
(2 marks)

(iv)

With the aid of arrows to show bond breaking and bond formation show how
compound C cyclises to form a six-membered ring.

(v)

(4 marks)

Draw the cyclic structure (Haworth structure) for the form of compound C.
(3 marks)

(vi)

Identify all the chiral centres on your drawing of C in part (v) above.

(2 marks)

(vi) Clearly point out the anomeric carbon on your drawing of C in part (v) above.
(1 mark)
PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

The University of the West Indies

Course Code CHEM 1062

2005/2006/.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).
.
First Examiner

..
University Examiner

Second Examiner

.
External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 20/../..

Date: 20..//

Page 5

Question 3 (continued)
(b)

Answer the following questions related to the reaction shown below:

O
Adenosine

(c)

O
O

HOH2C

O
C

OH

A + B
H

(i)

Draw products A and B for this reaction.

(4 marks)

(ii)

Give the name of the type of reaction occurring here.

(1 mark)

The two amino acids shown below, under appropriate conditions are coupled to form
product E and water.

O
H2N

CH

O
OH

H2N

CH2

CH

OH

E + H2O

CH3

SH
(i)

On a drawing of any ONE of the amino acids above, point out the alpha () carbon
atom.

(1 mark)

(ii)

Draw product E

(2 marks)

(iii)

On your drawing of product E

clearly indicate the position of the new bond in the product and

name the new bond formed.

(2 marks)

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

The University of the West Indies

Course Code CHEM 1062

2005/2006/.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).
.
First Examiner

..
University Examiner

Second Examiner

.
External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 20/../..

Date: 20..//

Page 6

4.

(a)

Ethene (C2H4) is a plant hormone involved in promoting the ripening of fruit.

(i)

Draw the Lewis structure for ethene.

(1 mark)

(ii)

Identify the functional group(s) in ethene.

(1 mark)

(iii)

Label on your drawing in part (i) above all the sigma () and pi () covalent bonds.
(2 marks)

(iv)

Draw the ethene molecule showing the bonding molecular orbitals.

(4 marks)

(v)

State the shape and bond angles in ethene.

(2 marks)

(vi)

Draw and label clearly the TWO possible geometric isomers of the organic
compound shown below:

(4 marks)

(C2H5)HC

(b)

CH(C2H5)

Draw the structures of products G, J, K and L of the following reactions:

(i)
O
H3C

CH2

OH

OH

NaOH

G + H2O

(ii)
O
H3 C

CH2

CH3OH

H3 O+
heat

J + H2 O

(iii)
O
CH3

OCH2CH3

H3O+

K + L

heat

(8 marks)

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

The University of the West Indies

Course Code CHEM 1062

2005/2006/.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).
.
First Examiner

..
University Examiner

Second Examiner

.
External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 20/../..

Date: 20..//

Page 7

Question 4 (continued)
(c)

Answer the following questions based on the alcohol given below:

OH
CH3

CH3

(i)

Classify the alcohol as primary, secondary or tertiary.

(ii)

Draw the structure of the product formed when the alcohol is oxidized by acidified
potassium dichromate.

(1 mark)
(2 marks)

END OF SECTION B

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

The University of the West Indies

Course Code CHEM 1062

2005/2006/.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).
.
First Examiner

..
University Examiner

Second Examiner

.
External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 20/../..

Date: 20..//

Page 8

SECTION C
Physical Chemistry
Answer at least ONE (1) question from this section
5.

(a)

What is the effect on the internal energy of a system of:

(i)

adding heat to the system

(ii)

the system doing work

(3 marks)

(b)

The internal energy of a system increased by 400 J when it absorbed 600 J of heat.
(i)

Was work done on or by the system?

(ii)

How much work was done?

(2 marks)

(c)

The heat capacity of a certain calorimeter is 8.92 kJ/ oC. Combustion of an unknown mass of
cheese produced a change of temperature of 2.37 oC.
(i)

What is the total heat produced by the mass of cheese?

Given that 30g of cheese produces in the same calorimeter 460 kJ of heat, calculate:

(d)

(ii)

the heat produced per gram of cheese

(iii)

the unknown mass of cheese.

(10 marks)

Given the following heat of combustion data:

2C4H10 (g) + 13O2 (g) 8CO2 (g) + 10H2O ()

Ho = -2878 kJ

C2H5OH () + 3O2 (g) 2CO2 (g) + 3H2O ()

Ho = -368 kJ

Calculate:
(i)

the mass of butane (C4H10) and

(ii)

the mass of ethanol (C2H5OH) required to produce 350 J of heat.

(iii)

Which fuel is more efficient?

(10 marks)

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

The University of the West Indies

Course Code CHEM 1062

2005/2006/.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).
.
First Examiner

..
University Examiner

Second Examiner

.
External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 20/../..

Date: 20..//

Page 9

6.

(a)

(b)

Describe what species exist in each of the following solutions,

(i)

iodine (I2) in CCl4 (tetrachloromethane)

(ii)

NaCl in water.

(4 marks)

Calculate the concentration in w/v% and in moles per litre of a solution of 1g NaCl in 200 mL
of solution.

(c)

(d)

(i)

(4 marks)

Explain using equations the difference between an aqueous solution of HCl and an
aqueous solution of CH3COOH.

(4 marks)

(ii)

Calculate the pH of a 0.1M solution of HCl.

(5 marks)

(i)

What is meant by a buffer solution?

(ii)

In general, what are the components of a buffer solution?

(iii)

Explain using a specific example how a buffer solution functions (i.e. when small
amounts of acid or base are added).
(8 marks)

END OF SECTION C

END OF EXAMINATION PAPER

The University of the West Indies

Course Code CHEM 1062

2005/2006/.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).
.
First Examiner

..
University Examiner

Second Examiner

.
External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 20/../..

Date: 20..//