Olga Shevchuk

National Technical University of Ukraine "Kyiv Polytechnic Institute"

JOURNALISM ETHICS AND STANDARDS
. Journalism ethics and standards comprise principles of ethics and of good practice as
applicable to the specific challenges faced by professional journalists. Historically and
currently, this subset of media ethics is widely known to journalists as their professional
"code of ethics" or the "canons of journalism."
The necessity of the research is caused by surveys conducted by the Ukrainian Center
of Economic and Political Study. From November 2001 to October 2002 the level of public
confidence to Ukrainian media decreased by 10% to 51.1%.
The basic codes and canons commonly appear in statements drafted by professional
journalism associations and individual print, broadcast, and online news organizations. In
Ukraine there are two ethical codes: Code of Honor Ukrainian journalist, adopted at the
Congress of the Union of Journalists of Ukraine, and Ukrainian Journalist Code of Ethics,
voluntarily adopted.
While various existing codes have some differences, most share common elements
including the principles of truthfulness, accuracy, objectivity, impartiality, fairness and
public accountability as these apply to the acquisition of newsworthy information and
its subsequent reportage to the public.
One of the main responsibilities of journalism is fairness, the requirement to speak
the truth, no right to lie. The journalist must carefully check the information. In 80s there
were many newspapers check. Now they are, unfortunately, absent, that lead to numerous
errors in dates, events, names.
Like many broader ethical systems, journalism ethics include the principle of
"limitation of harm." This often involves the withholding of certain details from reports
such as the names of minor children, crime victims' names or information not materially
related to particular news reports release of which might, for example, harm someone's
reputation.
In countries without freedom of the press, the majority of people who report the news
may not follow the above-described standards of journalism. Very often non-free media are
prohibited from criticizing the national government, and in many cases are required to
distribute propaganda as if it were news. Various other forms of censorship may restrict
reporting on issues the government deems sensitive.
One of the primary functions of journalism ethics is to aid journalists in dealing with
many ethical dilemmas they may encounter. From highly sensitive issues of national
security to everyday questions such as accepting a dinner from a source, putting a bumper
sticker on one's car, publishing a personal opinion bloc, a journalist must make decisions
taking into account things such as the public's right to know, potential threats, reprisals and
intimidations of all kinds, personal integrity, conflicts between editors, reporters and
publishers or management, and many other such conundrums.
Another big issue is the existence of hidden advertising. "Jeans" (hidden advertising)
is not acceptable. The audience has a right to know when a journalist takes own journalistic
material, and when advertising a product.
Unfortunately, the Ukrainian mass media faced another moral issue. Their priority is
profit. It is quite natural that the media is gradually transformed from a tool of political
influence on the means of earning money.

Thus, after analyzing the situation in Ukraine, we can say that our journalists often
neglected ethical standards for certain personal privileges.