Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Actinomyces
Anaerobic, Not acid fast
Gram Stain
Branching Filaments
Nocardia
Aerobic, Acid Fast
S. pneumonia
Cocci
Bacilli
Capsule
Optochin sensitive
Bile Soluble (lysed in bile)
Clostridium (anaerobe)
Corynebacterium
Listeria
Bacillus (aerobe)
Partial Hemolysis
(green)
Viridans
streptococci
No Capsule
Optochin resistant
Bile Soluble (lysed in bile)
Hemolysis
Group A
Complete Hemolysis
(clear)
S. pyogenes
Bacitracin sensitive
Group B
Coagulase (+)
S. aureus
S. agalactiae
Coagulase (-)
Novobiocin sensitive
S. epidermidis
Bacitracin resistant
Novobiocin resistant
S. saprophyticus
Enterococcus
E. faecium
No Hemolysis
Non-enterococcus
S. bovis
GRAM-NEGATIVE ALGORITHM
Gram Stain
Camplylobacter
Grows at 42 C
Oxidase (+)
CommaShaped
Vibrio
Grows in Alkaline Media
Produces Urease:
Urease Breath Test
Helicobacter
Diplococci
Coccoid Rods
Rods
Neisseria
Haemophilus
spp. influenza
Pasteurella-Animal bites
Brucella-brucellosis
Bordetella pertussis
Lactose
Maltose
Maltose
Fermenter
Maltose
Non-Fermenter
N. meningitidis
N. gonorrhoeae
Lactose Fermenter:
White on MacConkey
Lactose NonFermenter:
Pink on MacConkey
Fast Lactose
Fermenter
Slow Lactose
Fermenter
Klebsiella
E. Coli
Enterobacter
Citrobacter
Serratia
Others
Oxidase
Produce H2S
Black on Hektoen
Agar
Salmonella
Proteus
Yersinia
Black on TSI or
Hektoen Agar
Oxidase (+)
No Change on TSI or
Green on Hektoen Agar
Oxidase (-)
Pseudomona
s
Salmonella
Proteus
Yersinia
Haemophilis
influenzae type B
Neisseria meningitidis
Escherichia coli
Salmonella
Klebsiella pneumoniae
iGroup B Strep (S. agalactiae)
Inc. Risk for Infection: Asplenics
Transplacental Transmission:
ToRCHHeS
Toxoplasma gondii
Other: S. agalactiae
Listeria
E. coli
Parvovirus B19
Rubella
CMV
HIV
Herpes Simplex Virus-2
Syphillis
of aminoacyl-tRNA
VACUuM THe BedRoom
Vibrio cholera
Acne
Chlamydia
Ureaplama urealyticum
u
Mycoplasma pneumonia
Tularemia
H. pylori
e
Borrelia burgdorferi
e
d
Rickettsia
Toxicities:
GI Distress, discoloration of teeth and
inhibition of bone growth in children,
photosensitivity*, teratogen
Cephalosporins
1st Gen:
PEcK
Extended-Spectrum: HHELPSS
H. influenzea
H. pylori
E. coli
Listeria monocytogenes
Proteus mirabilis
Salmonella
Shigella
1. Cefazolin
2. Cephalexin
2nd Gen:
1. Cefoxitin
2. Cefaclor
3. Cefuroxime
HENS PEcK
and Gram (+) cocci
H. influenzae
Enterobacter
Neisseria spp.*
Serratia
marcescens
Proteus mirabilis
Escherichia
coli
Klebsiella
*growing resistance
3rd Gen:
1. Ceftriaxone
2. Cefotaxime
3. Ceftazidine
Ceftriaxone
Meningitis
Gonorrhea
Disseminated Lyme
Disease
Ceftazidimine
Pseudomonas
Pseudomas
aeruginosa
Gram (+) organisms
MRSA
No Pseudomonas
Coverage