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The accuracy of the input is 0.5 o while for the output it is 0.5mm.
The mechanism is made of moving parts connected together by joints which have become
loser due to extensive usage therefore may not transmit force effectively.
The slider movement is effected by variable friction of the base over which it slides
because the surface may have become rougher at certain areas or may have defects.
In the experiment the crank link(driver) makes a complete one revolution while the Driven
link(rocker) oscillates a certain angle. Therefore this four-bar Linkage Mechanism is called
Crank-rocker mechanism. It is also noted that the Driven link return back to its initial position at
the end of the revolution. Two cases are as follows:
Case 1:
Keeping length of Coupler maximum and driven link length minimum. The figure 9 shows the
starting output angle at 152 o the angle decreases with increasing output until it reaches the value
of 98 o then the output angle starts increasing this indicates change in rotation axis so this value
can be considered as the extreme value for the rocker. The output angle increases until crank
completes one revolution and final value of the output angle is 152 o.
Case 2:
Keeping length of Coupler minimum and driven link length maximum. The figure 9 shows the
starting output angle at 189 o the angle decreases with increasing output until it reaches the value
of 158 o then the output angle starts increasing this indicates change in rotation axis so this value
can be considered as the extreme value for the rocker. The output angle increases until crank
completes one revolution and final value of the output angle is 189 o.
In general the figure 9 shows that change in output angle for case 1 is much more than change in
output angle for case 2 this is because of the difference in coupler and driven links length. So
keeping variation in input angles same for both cases is can be concluded that a longer coupler
and a shorter driven link would result in higher variation in output angle as compared to a shorter
coupler and a longer driven link. The same is also true for velocity as shown in figure 10 that the
which shows that the variation in velocity in case 1 is much more than in case 2.
It should also be noted that the variation in lengths of coupler and driven link was kept with in
limits so that the mechanism still remains a Grashof mechanism as well a Crank rocker
mechanism as following.
For the mechanism to be Grashof mechanism rmax + rmin ra + rb
Case 1:
220 + 50 200 + 100
The mechanism is made of moving parts connected together by joints which have become
loser due to extensive usage therefore may not transmit force effectively.
c-Geneva-Stop Mechanism
As the input angle increases the output angle increases with it until 145 o then the output angle
remains constant for any increase to the input as shown in figure 11. The output velocity shown in
figure 12 decreases with increasing input angle until 145 o. This shows the driver will have to
make more the one revolution in order for the driven to complete one revolution. This type of
motion is called intermittent rotary motion. Also the engaging angle is 90 o while the disengaging
angle is 270 o.
Reasons for errors are as follows:
d-Slider-Crank Mechanism:
During the experiment the crank is given a rotational input which is transmitted to the slider
which producing a linear output. The slider crank has a degree of freedom of one since only one
variable completely describes the motion of the slider. As shown in figure 13 at an angle of 270 o
at the minimum distance from the fixed centre of the driver as the input angle is increased the
displacement increases and the slider slides forward until at 90
from the fixed centre of crank. After which the slider slides backwards with increasing angle until
at 270 o the slider reaches the starting position. It can be shown from figure 13 and 14 that the
experimental profile of the plot is very near to the theoretical profile of the plot.
Reasons for errors can be as follows:
The accuracy of the input is 0.5 o while for the output it is 0.5mm.
The mechanism is made of moving parts connected together by joints which have become
loser due to extensive usage therefore may not transmit force effectively.
The slider movement is effected by variable friction of the base over which it slides
because the surface may have become rougher at certain areas or may have defects.
Conclusion
a-Whitworth Quick-Return Mechanism:
The experiment proves that the Whitworth mechanism is a quick returning mechanism with a
time ratio of 2.27 which is greater that 1. So backward or return time for the slider will be less
than forward time of the slider from the time ratio value it can assumed that forward stroke will
approximately require double the time as compared to backward stroke.
c-Geneva-Stop Mechanism:
The input for the Geneva-Stop mechanism is the rotational motion of the crank while the output
is the intermittent rotary motion.
d-Slider-Crank Mechanism:
The input for Slider-Crank mechanism experiment is rotational while the output is linear motion
of the slider. Therefore the slider crank mechanism can be used to transmit motion while
converting the rotational motion input to linear motion output or vise versa.