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Note: There are no rules of thumb in using prepositions. But generally, they indicate
position; that is why they are called preposition.
at
Example
I had breakfast at my friends house and went to work therefrom.
Example
We have lunch at 11:30 AM.
in
Examples
He was sitting in a chair outside his house when he was shot. (This
implies that the chair has armrests.)
Examples
The first time that complainant was raped by respondent was in June
2012. (This implies that the crime happened on a particular day [period
of time] in June 2012 [longer period of time]).
The case of Bayan v. Ermita, 488 SCRA 226, was promulgated in 2006.
on
Example
He was sitting on a chair outside his house when he was shot. (This
implies that the chair has NO armrests.)
Example
The incident happened on March 1, 2015.
Examples
Your loan is due by 2015.
Your papers are due by February 2015.
Your papers are due by the first week of March.
Your papers are due by March 7, 2015.
to
Example
We are moving to Chicago next month.
into
Example
The dog jumped into the pond.
onto
Example
The book fell onto the floor.
of
Example
Millstone accused his father, a judge in Pennsylvania, of grave judicial
misconduct. (Millstones father allegedly owns the act of grave judicial
misconduct; hence, the accusation.)
Example
He is a man of honour.
Example
Digos is southwest of Davao.
Example
The woman nearly died of heart attack.
for
Note: In legalese, formal adverbs are usually used to shorten a sentence and/or
to avoid redundancy.
Usage
Good:
Better:
Clue: Notice that the preposition about in the Good sentence is the
word linked with here- in the Better sentence. To be sure what formal
adverb to use, rephrase the formal sentence and check if the linked
preposition fits in.
Example
hereafter
Good:
Better:
Good:
Better:
Good:
Better:
hereby
By means of this.
Good:
herein
Good:
Better:
Good:
Better:
hereinbefore
hereof
hereto
Good:
Better:
Of or concerning this.
Good:
Better:
Best:
Good:
Better:
Good:
Better:
hereupon
herewith
Good:
Better:
Good:
Better:
Good:
Better:
Good:
Better:
Good:
Better:
thereafter
thereby
Good:
Better:
Good:
Better:
Good:
Better:
therefor
therefrom
Good:
Better:
Good:
The man was indicted of and tried for murder, but was
acquitted from said crime because of reasonable
doubt.
Better:
The man was indicted of and tried for murder, but was
acquitted therefrom because of reasonable doubt.
Good:
Better:
therein
Good:
Better:
thereinafter
Good:
Better:
thereinbefore
Good:
Better:
thereof
Good:
Better:
Best:
thereon
thereto
Good:
Better:
(1) On that.
Good:
Better:
(1) To that.
Good:
Better:
The difference between the two is insignificant and so they may be used
interchangeably. But it is good to know that hereto means to this
whereas thereto means to that. The same may be observed in hereby
and thereby which are respectively defined as by means of this and
by means of that.
Good:
Better:
Good:
Better:
therewith
Good:
Better:
Good:
Better:
Good:
Better:
therefore
thus