Results!

With A Static Tire Camber Of

0.00 degrees

Total Camber gain on inside wheel

Total Camber gain on outside wheel

=
=

1.24 degrees
-1.30 degrees

Total Body Roll Angle with roll bars

=
Total Body Roll Angle without roll bars =

2.35 degrees
2.51 degrees

Front Spring Frequency

Rear Spring Frequency

1.80 Hertz
1.98 Hertz

=
=

Front Spring Rates

Rear Spring Rates
Front Downforce
Rear Downforce

=
=
=
=

=
=

108
118.8

278.44 in/lb
411.78 in/lb
114.37 lbs
114.37 lbs

Maximum G attainable around a

300.00 ft skidpad with

Curb-to-curb Turning Radius =

With a wheelbase of

36.66 feet
107.97 inches, and a trackwidth of

228.73

63.42

Cycles Per Minute (CPM)

Cycles Per Minute (CPM)

pounds of downforce =

1.05 G's

inches, and

35.0 degrees of wheel rotation

Roll Center Y vs.

Bump/Droop Travel
4

0
-3

-2

-1

-1

Camber Vs. Bump/Droop Travel

0
-3

-2

-1

-1

-2

-3
Trav el

Geometry
30
25
20
15
10
5
0

-40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0

-5
-10

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Input values for green spaces

All units are in inches and pounds unless otherwise stated
Yellow spaces are important calculated results
Graphs and Results Report in tabs at bottom
Written by Kenneth M. Breault

Weights
Vehicle total weight w/ Driver =

or use worksheet

Motor
Trans
Trans #2 (optional)
Body
Frame
Driver
Misc
Front Wheels (both)
Rear Wheels (both)
Front Tires (both)
Rear Tires (both)
Shocks+Springs (both)
Radiator(s)
Fuel Capacity (gallons)=

Total
Weight Transfer, Distribution & Roll Resistance Worksheet
Input values for green boxes
With Roll Bars
Input G value

Total Car Weight Of Car & Driver

Front Weight Percentage
Rear Weight Percentage
Front Tire & Wheel Sizes
Rear Tire & Wheel Sizes
Front Unsprung Weight (UWF)
Rear Unsprung Weight (UWR)
Track Width Front (TF)
Track Width Rear (TR)
Height of Static Front Roll Center (CF)
Height of Static Rear Roll Center (CR)
Height of front sprung Center of Gravity (SGF)

1.05

2299.38
45.0%
55.0%
275/35 R18
315/40 R19
150.00
150.00
63.42
63.00
3.24
3.50
12.00

Heigh of rear sprung Center of Gravity (SGR)

Front Spring Rate (SF)
Rear Spring Rate (SR)

17.00
278.44
411.78

For Wm- and Sm- measure spring collar distance, raise wheel with a 1inch block, measure spring collar distance again
Wheel Movement Front (WmF) (inches)
1.00
Wheel Movement Rear (WmR) (inches)
1.00
Spring Movement (compression) Front (SmF) (inches)
1.00
Spring Movement (compression) Rear (SmR) (inches)
1.00
For BmF and BmR use similar procedure as with spring movement above
Relative Front Roll Bar Pick Up Movement (BmF)
Relative Rear Roll Bar Pick Up Movement (BmR)
Roll Bar Length Front
Roll Bar Length Rear
Roll Bar Lever Length
Roll Bar outside Diameter (OD)
Roll Bar inside Diameter (ID)
Wheelbase
Front Axle Weight (WF)
Rear Axle Weight (WR)
Height of unsprung CoG Front (UGF)
Height of unsprung CoG Rear (UGR)
PI
Front Axle Height
Rear Axle Height
Front Sprung Weight (SWF)
Rear Sprung Weight (SWR)
Total Sprung Weight (SW)
Front Unsprung Wt Transfer (UtF)
Rear Unsprung Wt Transfer (UtR)
Front Wt Transfer via Roll Center (CtF)
Rear Wt Transfer via Roll Center (CtR)
Weight percentage over rear axle (WDR)
Mean Track {TM}
Mean Roll Center (CM)
Mean CoG Height (GM)
Mean Roll Moment (LM)
Total Sprung Weight Transfer (St)
Total Weight Transfer (Wt)
Roll Resistance of Front Springs (ArF)
Roll Resistance of Rear Springs (ArR)
Roll Bar Angular Rate Front
Roll Bar Angular Rate Rear
Linear Front Roll Bar Rate (BF)
Linear Rear Roll Bar Rate (BR)

0.95
0.60
36.00
20.00
7.00
0.75
0.65
107.97
1034.72
1264.66
12.8
14.5
3.1415929
12.8
14.5
884.7
1114.7
1999.4
31.7
36.1
47.5
65.0
56%
63.2
3.4
14.8
11.4
378.6
559.0
9774.1
14262.5
75.5
135.8
88.2
158.8

Roll Resistance of Front Roll Bar (BrF)

Roll Resistance of Rear Roll Bar (BrR)
Front Roll Resistance (Fr)
Rear Roll Resistance (Rr)
Front Roll Stiffness (DrF)
Rear Roll Stiffness (DrR)

5590.8
3960.8
15364.9
18223.4
45.7%
54.3%

Dynamic Weight Transfer Front (WtF)

Dynamic Weight Transfer Rear (WtR)

252.41
306.56

Front Downforce
Rear Downforce

114.37
114.37

Weight Transferred to/from Front

Weight Transferred to/from Rear
Change in Weight Distribution

0.87
-0.87
0.08%

Outer Front Tire Load

Inner Front Tire Load
Outer Rear Tire Load
Inner Rear Tire Load

826.9
322.1
996.1
383.0

Resulting Frame Roll Angle

0.712

Outer Front Tire Static Suspension Diflection

Inner Front Tire Static Suspension Diflection
Outer Rear Tire Static Suspension Diflection
Inner Rear Tire Static Suspension Diflection

2.063
2.063
1.674
1.674

Outer Front Tire Suspension Diflection Under Load

Inner Front Tire Suspension Diflection Under Load
Outer Rear Tire Suspension Diflection Under Load
Inner Rear Tire Suspension Diflection Under Load

2.970
1.157
2.419
0.930

Change in Outer Front Tire Diflection

Change in Inner Front Tire Diflection
Change in Outer Rear Tire Diflection
Change in Inner Rear Tire Diflection

-0.906
0.906
-0.744
0.744

Roll Angle From Suspension Diflection

1.637

Total Roll Angle

2.350

Bump Geometry Calculator

Original Positions

Car Width

74.25
width

Tire and Wheel Dimensions : 275/35 R18

Front Track Width

275
63.4232283465

Static Ride Height

Center of Gravith Height
Static Negative Tire Camber Angle

4
17.5
0

Static Roll Center Height

Right Tire Data

3.2411370153
x axis

Camber Angle
Bottom Center Data
Top Left Angle & Length
Top Left Data
Top Right Angle & Length
Top Right Data
Bottom Right Angle & Length
Bottom Right Data
Bottom Left Angle & Length
Bottom Left Data
Left Tire Data

0
32.3905811096
90
26.9771952828
90
37.8039669363
0
37.8039669363
0
26.9771952828
x axis

Camber Angle
Bottom Center Data
Top Left Angle & Length
Top Left Data
Top Right Angle & Length
Top Right Data
Bottom Right Angle & Length
Bottom Right Data
Bottom Left Angle & Length
Bottom Left Data
Right Spindle Data

0
-32.3905811096
90
-37.8039669363
90
-26.9771952828
0
-26.9771952828
0
-37.8039669363
x axis

Overall Kingpin Angle

Top Pivot Point (from centerline or car)
Bottom Pivot Point (from centerline or car)
Kingpin Length

Left Spindle Data

Overall Kingpin Angle
Top Pivot Point
Bottom Pivot Point
Kingpin Length

5.6149674469
30.66
31.75
11.1786365028

x axis
-5.6149674469
-30.65625
-31.75
11.1786365028

Right Control Arm Data

x axis

Upper Control Arm Angle & Length

Upper Control Arm Frame Attachment Data
Upper Control Arm Spindle Attachment Data
Lower Control Arm Angle & Length
Lower Control Arm Frame Attachment Data
Lower Control Arm Kingpin Attachment Data
Frame Angle

9.00
12.8778598693
30.65625
-1.00
10.484375
31.75
73.2208504729

Left Control Arm Data

x axis

Upper Control Arm Angle & Length

Upper Control Arm Frame Attachment Data
Upper Control Arm Spindle Attachment Data
Lower Control Arm Angle & Length
Lower Control Arm Frame Attachment Data
Lower Control Arm Kingpin Attachment Data
Frame Angle

-9
-12.8778598693
-30.65625
-1
-10.484375
-31.75
-73.9307906383

Frame Data

x axis

Car Body Center Angle & Height

Car Body
Frame Top Centerline
Frame Control Arm Top Attachment Angle & Length
Frame Control Arm Attachment Top
Frame Control Arm Bottom Attachment Angle & Length
Frame Control Arm Attachment Bottom
Frame Bottom Centerline
Frame Side Angle & Length

0
37.125
0
0
12.8778598693
0
10.484375
0
73.2208504729
Instant Roll Center X

Right Tire Instant Roll Center

Left Tire Instant Roll Center

-28.3269327961
36.6082795058
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3

-42.4852580967
-39.2041758518
-35.8711477915
-32.503419616
-29.1175710941
-25.7296632771
-22.3553722911

Graph Data
Right Wheel

Roll center X values

-28.3269327961
10.609674755
13.3482277906
32.3723256156

Left Wheel

Roll center X values

36.6082795058
-10.484375
-12.8778598693
-32.3781127326

Roll Center & Camber Chart Data

-3
-3
-2
-2
-1
-1
0
0
1
1
2

right tire
left tire
right tire
left tire
right tire
left tire
right tire
left tire
right tire
left tire
right tire

2 left tire
3 right tire
3 left tire

lbs

Costs
500
175
200
400
300
180
300
48
56
58
68
30
60
25
2299.38

Without Roll Bars

1.05

Dimensions

154.38 lbs
$0

At Max Acceleration At Max Breaking

1.00

2299.38
2299.38
45.0%
45.0%
55.0%
55.0%
275/35 R18 275/35 R18
275/35 R18
315/40 R19 315/40 R19
315/40 R19
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
63.42
63.00
3.24
3.24
3.50
3.50
12.00
12.00

1.05

2299.38
45.0%
55.0%

150.00
150.00

3.24
3.50
12.00

17.00
278.44
411.78

17.00
278.44
411.78

17.00
278.44
411.78

1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00

1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00

1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00

107.97

107.97

107.97

1034.72
1264.66
12.8
14.5
3.1415929
12.8
14.5

1034.72
1264.66
12.8
14.5
3.1415929

1034.72
1264.66
12.8
14.5
3.1415929

884.7
1114.7
1999.4
31.7
36.1
47.5
65.0
56%
63.2
3.4
14.8
11.4
378.6
559.0

884.7
1114.7
1999.4
17.8
20.1
26.6
36.1
56%

884.7
1114.7
1999.4
18.6
21.1
27.9
37.9
56%

3.4
14.8
11.4
211.1
311.7

3.4
14.8
11.4
221.6
327.1

9774.1
14262.5

28325.4
41890.2

28325.4
41890.2

ollar distance again

9774.1
14262.5
40.7%
59.3%

28325.4
41890.2

28325.4
41890.2

233.16
325.80

-311.69
311.69

327.12
-327.12

114.37
114.37

114.37
114.37

114.37
114.37

-18.37
18.37
1.60%

-311.69
311.69
27.11%

327.12
-327.12
28.45%

807.7
341.4
1015.3
363.7

418.7
418.7
845.4
845.4

738.1
738.1
525.9
525.9

0.995

-0.544

0.845

2.063
2.063
1.674
1.674

2.063
2.063
1.674
1.674

2.063
2.063
1.674
1.674

2.901
1.226
2.466
0.883

1.504
1.504
2.053
2.053

2.651
2.651
1.277
1.277

-0.837
0.837
-0.791
0.791

0.560
0.560
-0.378
-0.378

-0.587
-0.587
0.397
0.397

1.513

-0.996

0.623

2.508

-1.540

1.468

Right Wheel Bump/Droop

Left Wheel Bump/Droop

Roll
height
35

18
Total Camber on Inside Wheel

y axis

Right Tire Data

0
25.5787401575
25.5787401575
25.5787401575
25.5787401575
5.4133858268
0
5.4133858268
0
y axis

Camber Gain
Bottom Center Data
Top Left Angle & Length
Top Left Data
Top Right Angle & Length
Top Right Data
Bottom Right Angle & Length
Bottom Right Data
Bottom Left Angle & Length
Bottom Left Data
Left Tire Data

0
25.5787401575
25.5787401575
25.5787401575
25.5787401575
5.4133858268
0
5.4133858268
0
y axis

Camber Gain
Bottom Center Data
Top Left Angle & Length
Top Left Data
Top Right Angle & Length
Top Right Data
Bottom Right Angle & Length
Bottom Right Data
Bottom Left Angle & Length
Bottom Left Data
Right Spindle Data

17.64
6.52

y axis

Resulting Spindle Angle

Top Pivot Point
Bottom Pivot Point
Spindle Length
Camber Gain
Left Spindle Data

17.640625
6.515625

Resulting Spindle Angle

Top Pivot Point
Bottom Pivot Point
Spindle Length

Camber Gain
y axis

Right Control Arm Data

18.00
14.8248046293
17.640625
21.27
6.8867613306
6.515625

Upper Control Arm Angle & Length

Upper Control Arm Frame Attachment
Upper Control Arm Spindle Attachment
Lower Control Arm Angle & Length
Lower Control Arm Frame Attachment
Lower Control Arm Spindle Attachment
Frame Angle

y axis

Left Control Arm Data

18
14.8248046293
17.640625
21.265625
6.515625
6.515625

Upper Control Arm Angle & Length

Upper Control Arm Frame Attachment
Upper Control Arm Spindle Attachment
Lower Control Arm Angle & Length
Lower Control Arm Frame Attachment
Lower Control Arm Spindle Attachment
Frame Angle

y axis

Frame Data

28.00
28
14.8248046293
12.8778598693
14.8248046293
10.484375
6.8867613306
6.8867613306
8.2910374038
Instant Roll Center Y

Car Body Center Angle & Height

Car Body
Frame Top Centerline
Frame Control Arm Top Attachment Angle & Length
Frame Control Arm Attachment Top
Frame Control Arm Bottom Attachment Angle & Length
Frame Control Arm Attachment Bottom
Frame Bottom Centerline
Frame Side Angle & Length
Swing Arm Length

Roll Center X

6.2591038562
9.1696066659

61.021113992
69.5931318485

-4.0124427356

15.3913208723
12.4618438387
9.8818424204
7.6371160768
5.7151465027
4.1047346669
2.7957208331

76.5619580009
72.7180908683
68.9792928372
65.3367456858
61.7834036376
58.3136968657
54.923326434

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Top Arm Continuation Top Arm Intercept

Top Arm Slope
6.2591038562
11.6910651531
13.7255721383
11.6910651531
14.2507159725
11.6910651531
17.8987693583
11.6910651531

Top Arm Continuation Top Arm Intercept

Top Arm Slope
4.6710761252
11.6910651531
13.7015447074
11.6910651531
14.1605184081
11.6910651531
17.8998790935
11.6910651531
0

0.1917595998
0.1917595998
0.1917595998
0.1917595998

-0.1917595998
-0.1917595998
-0.1917595998
-0.1917595998

Instant Roll Center X Instant Roll Center Y Swing Arm Slope

-42.4852580967
42.4852580967
-39.2041758518
39.2041758518
-35.8711477915
35.8711477915
-32.503419616
32.503419616
-29.1175710941
29.1175710941
-25.7296632771

15.3913208723
15.3913208723
12.4618438387
12.4618438387
9.8818424204
9.8818424204
7.6371160768
7.6371160768
5.7151465027
5.7151465027
4.1047346669

-0.247460581
0.247460581
-0.2029290145
0.2029290145
-0.159755624
0.159755624
-0.1176953254
0.1176953254
-0.0765405887
0.0765405887
-0.0361168485

25.7296632771
-22.3553722911
22.3553722911

4.1047346669
2.7957208331
2.7957208331

0.0361168485
0.0037193774
-0.0037193774

Notes

0.0 Inches
0.0 Inches

2.51 Degrees
10.8267716535
25.5787401575
1.24 Degrees

x axis

y axis
1.2510827055
32.3723256156
88.7489172945
27.5174203053
88.7489172945
38.3441919589
-1.2510827055
37.7857114424
-1.2510827055
26.9589397889

x axis

0
25.5787401575
25.6908372217
25.5787401575
25.4544479004
5.4133858268
-0.1181946606
5.4133858268
0.1181946606
y axis

-1.2957421598
-32.3781127326
88.7042578402
-37.2075492379
88.7042578402
-26.391850114
-1.2957421598
-26.9702631706
-1.2957421598
-37.7859622945
x axis

0
25.5787401575
25.6946125891
25.5787401575
25.4497863762
5.4133858268
-0.1224131065
5.4133858268
0.1224131065
y axis

4.3638847413
31.0261382096
31.8751067066
11.1786365028
1.2510827055
x axis

17.640625
6.515625

y axis
-6.9107096066
-30.240016833
-31.5883997209
11.1786365028

17.640625
6.515625

-1.2957421598
x axis

y axis
10.855240542
13.3482277906
31.0261382096
0.2441360803
10.609674755
31.8751067066
73.2208504729

x axis

18
14.2507159725
17.640625
21.265625
6.4250129049
6.515625

y axis
7.2220302002
-12.3828209596
-30.240016833
-2.2286312736
-10.3388598509
-31.5883997209
-73.9307906383

Right Side
x axis

18
15.3777605453
17.640625
21.265625
7.3425844629
6.515625

y axis
2.51
38.3492374098
0.4827034155
2.51
13.3482277906
2.51
10.609674755
0.1353425687
73.2208504729

Roll Center Y

27.9768133225
26.7747479643
14.8142382589
12.8778598693
14.2507159725
10.484375
6.4250129049
6.8837986839
8.2910374038
Swing Arm Slope

3.7414780407

4.6579013307
4.3951444896
4.1019699249
3.7938532497
3.4821080425
3.1750560485
2.8788683413

-0.1031166446
0.1329190637

Bottom Arm Continuation

Bottom Arm Interce
6.2591038562
6.3798050361
6.4250129049
6.3798050361
6.4366818909
6.3798050361
6.5177436519
6.3798050361

Bottom Arm Continuation

Bottom Arm Interce
6.2238170029
6.3798050361
6.4244790021
6.3798050361
6.4346776512
6.3798050361
6.5177683108
6.3798050361

Swing Arm Y Intercept

Upper Control Arm

4.6579013307
4.6579013307
4.3951444896
4.3951444896
4.1019699249
4.1019699249
3.7938532497
3.7938532497
3.4821080425
3.4821080425
3.1750560485

-0.5862721989
-0.5862721989
2.5977267895
2.5977267895
5.789784228
5.789784228
9
9
12.2389980801
12.2389980801
15.5182663863

3.1750560485
2.8788683413
2.8788683413

15.5182663863
18.8505722499
18.8505722499

Suspension Frequency Calculator

Distance between front arm frame pivot points to spring pivot points
Distance between front arm frame pivot points to ball joint pivot points
Distance between rear arm frame pivot points to spring pivot points
Distance between rear arm frame pivot points to ball joint pivot points
Front Spring Instalation Angle (or effective angle) (from horizontal)
Rear Spring Instalation Angle (or effective angle) (from horizontal)
Front Angle Correction Factor
Rear Angle Correction Factor

18.828
21.266
18.828
21.266
90
90
1
1

Drivers Front
517.359375

Static Sprung Corner Weights (lbs)

Spring Rate (lbs/in)
Fitted Rate
Motion Ratio / Suspension Leverage
Wheel Rate
Static Deflection

278.4
278.4
0.784
171.099
1.858

Wheel Frequency (cpm)

Wheel Frequency (Hz)

108.0
1.80

Overall Front Suspension Frequency

Overall Rear Suspension Frequency

108.0
118.8

Desired Front Wheel Frequency

Calculated Rear Spring rate from desired Wheel Frequency

108
118.8
60
80
100
108
120-150
150-180
240

Cycles per minute

Cycles per minute
Cycles per minute
Cycles per minute
Cycles per minute
Cycles per minute
Cycles per minute

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Turning Radius & Dynamic Camber Change from Steering Input

Wheelbase
Track Width

107.97
63.42

Wheel Rotation Angle

35.00

Curb-To-Curb Turning Diameter As Result Of Specified Rotation Angle

36.66

Desired Turning Radius

36.00

Calculated Rotation Angle from Desired Turning Diameter

35.86

Static Kingpin Inclination

Dynamic Kingpin Inclination

5.61
4.36

Static (Low Speed) Induced Camber Gain at

Dynamic Induced Camber Gain at
2009 Honda Civic Coupe
2009 Toyota Tundra CrewMax 4X4
2009 Corvette (all variations)

0.9
0.9
curb-2-curb
curb-2-curb
curb-2-curb

35.40
44.00
39.00

Skidpad Turning Diameter

Required Wheel Rotation Angle
Resulting Camber Gain at

300.00
3.5005624618
0.9

Total Camber Gain On Inside Wheel at

0.9

Skidpad G calculator
Skidpad Diameter

300.00

Time for 1 Lap

G=
Approximate Coeficient of Friction of Tires >~
or
Sustained Speed
G=

14.00
0.94
0.94
50.00
1.11

Reverse Calculations
0.9 G =
0.9 G =
Without Downforce
Centripetal Force on car in turn of
Front Tire Coefficient of Friction =
Rear Tire Coefficient of Friction =
Max Cornering Force Provided by Tires =

0.9
0.9
1
2195.90

Percentage of Traction Used Up In Turn of

0.9

Concept ! In a slow speed corner with no downforce, the Coefficient of Friction of the tires = max G cornering capa
Force of Friction = coefficient of friction (u)* mass* gravitational constant
Max G= mass * velocity^2 / radius * gravitational constant
With Downforce
Front Downforce =
114.37
Rear Downforce =
114.37
Max Cornering Force Provided by Tires =
2413.20
Percentage of Traction Used Up In Turn of
0.90
Max G =
1.05
Corner Speed Capable at Max G =
48.53
Lap Time =
13.24
Desired G =

1.05

Left Side
x axis

y axis
2.51
-35.9007625902
0.4827034155
2.51
-12.3828209596
2.51
-10.3388598509
0.1354723354

Swingarm Y intercept

27.9768133225
29.2252520357
14.8142382589
-12.8778598693
15.3777605453
-10.484375
7.3425844629
6.8837986839
8.2910374038
Camber Gain

3.3277284092
4.2748081724

1.2510827055
-1.2957421598
-2.5063976568
-1.7169886678
-0.8890187079
-0.0165214876
0.907468931
1.8912001396
2.9445769394

Bottom Arm Slope

0.0042610042
0.0042610042
0.0042610042
0.0042610042

Swing Arm Y Function

6.2487066705
2.2336943484
1.9513039483
-0.0103971856

-0.0042610042
-0.0042610042
-0.0042610042
-0.0042610042

Opp SAF
9.1407464088
2.8812348637
2.5630950958
-0.0288602571

Bottom Arm Slope

Upper Control Arm Length

Upper Control Arm Fram

18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18

12.8778598693
12.8778598693
12.8778598693
12.8778598693
12.8778598693
12.8778598693
12.8778598693
12.8778598693
12.8778598693
12.8778598693
12.8778598693

18
18
18

12.8778598693
12.8778598693
12.8778598693

inches
inches
inches
inches
degrees
degrees

Passengers Front
Drivers Rear
Passengers Rear
517.359375
632.328125

632.328125

278.4
278.4
0.784
171.099
1.858

411.8
411.8
0.784
253.037
1.536

411.8
411.8
0.784
253.037
1.536

108.0
1.80

118.8
1.98

118.8
1.98

Cycles per minute

Cycles per minute

=
=

1.80 Hertz
1.98 Hertz

Cycles per minute

Cycles per minute

=
=

1.8 Hertz =
1.98 Hertz =

1.00
1.33
1.67
1.80
2-2.5
2.5-3
4.00

Hertz
Hertz
Hertz
Hertz
Hertz
Hertz
Hertz

Limosine
Family Car (Toyota Camry)
Luxury Sports Car (Infiniti G35)
Sporty Car (Nissan 350Z)
Sports/ Race Car without downforce
Sports/ Race Car with downforce
F-1 car

inches
inches
degrees
feet

feet
degrees

degrees
degrees
G & Max Turn Angle =
G & Max Turn Angle =

1.0154553841 degrees
0.7891996344 degrees

feet
feet
feet
feet
degrees
G=

0.0081421402 degrees

G on Skidpad =

1.24 degrees

ft
seconds/lap

mi/hr

14.30 seconds/lap
44.94 mi/hr
G=

lbs

2069.44 lbs

G=

94.2%

n of the tires = max G cornering capability, masses in formulas cancel out

lbs
lbs
G=

85.75%

mi/hr
seconds/lap
Downforce Needed =

228.73

Roll Arm Length

Scrub

13.7585219593

-1.3272100017

12.8420986693
13.1048555104
13.3980300751
13.7061467503
14.0178919575
14.3249439515
14.6211316587

-0.246663553
-0.6994805974
-1.0655789194
-1.3476623268
-1.5480636887
-1.6688472209
-1.7119201505

Swing Arm Intercept

Swing Arm Slope
3.3277284092
-0.1031166446
3.3277284092
-0.1031166446
3.3277284092
-0.1031166446
3.3277284092
-0.1031166446

Opp SAI
4.2748081724
4.2748081724
4.2748081724
4.2748081724

OPP SAS
0.1329190637
0.1329190637
0.1329190637
0.1329190637

Upper Control Arm Fram Uppr Control Arm SpUppr Control Arm Spindle Y
14.8248046293
14.8248046293
14.8248046293
14.8248046293
14.8248046293
14.8248046293
14.8248046293
14.8248046293
14.8248046293
14.8248046293
14.8248046293

30.8769175631
30.8769175631
30.8593625074
30.8593625074
30.7860366716
30.7860366716
30.65625
30.65625
30.4687528227
30.4687528227
30.2216735836

14.640625
14.640625
15.640625
15.640625
16.640625
16.640625
17.640625
17.640625
18.640625
18.640625
19.640625

14.8248046293
14.8248046293
14.8248046293

30.2216735836
29.9124198406
29.9124198406

19.640625
20.640625
20.640625

278.4 Spring Rate (in/lb)

411.8 Spring Rate (in/lb)

Unit Conversions & equasions

1 ft= 0.3048 m
1 lb = 0.4536 kg
1 ft/sec = 0.6818 mi/hr
1 ft/sec = 1.097 km/hr
1 mi/h r= 0.44704 m/s
1 kg = 9.8 N
1 N = 0.2245 lb
Centripetal Force = mv^2/r
1 m/s^2 = 3.2808 ft/s^2
Gravity = 9.81 m/s^2 or 32.184 ft/s^2
Pi = 3.1415929
F=u*m*g
G= (2*Pi)^2 *R / T^2 or = v^2 / r*g

Example Tire Coeficients of Friction

standard car tire on asphalt (175mm width)
standard tire on grass
standard tire on wet asphalt
standard tire on ice
tire with UTQG standard AA on wet asphalt
performance car rear tire on asphalt (305+ width)
performance car front tire on asphalt (245+ width)
slick tire on asphalt
slick tire on wet asphalt

0.72
0.35
0.4
< 0.1
> 0.54
1
0.9
1.1-1.2
< 0.1

slick tire on concrete

1.3-1.4

Lower Control Arm Angle

Lower Control Arm Length

-9.1213008474
-9.1213008474
-6.4018431204
-6.4018431204
-3.6968045521
-3.6968045521
-1
-1
1.6945886954
1.6945886954
4.3929352222

21.265625
21.265625
21.265625
21.265625
21.265625
21.265625
21.265625
21.265625
21.265625
21.265625
21.265625

4.3929352222
7.1010888028
7.1010888028

21.265625
21.265625
21.265625

Dynamic Camber Data

-35
-34
-33
-32
-31
-30
-29
-28
-27
-26
-25
-24
-23
-22
-21
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35

Lower Control Arm F Lower Control Arm Fra Lower Control Arm Spindle Lower Control Arm Spindle
10.484375
-10.484375
10.484375
-10.484375
10.484375
-10.484375
10.484375
-10.484375
10.484375
-10.484375
10.484375

6.8867613306
6.8867613306
6.8867613306
6.8867613306
6.8867613306
6.8867613306
6.8867613306
6.8867613306
6.8867613306
6.8867613306
6.8867613306

31.4810948981
-31.4810948981
31.6173946409
-31.6173946409
31.7057508226
-31.7057508226
31.7467611423
-31.7467611423
31.7406996382
-31.7406996382
31.6875259401

3.515625
3.515625
4.515625
4.515625
5.515625
5.515625
6.515625
6.515625
7.515625
7.515625
8.515625

-10.484375
10.484375
-10.484375

6.8867613306
6.8867613306
6.8867613306

-31.6875259401
31.5868839136
-31.5868839136

8.515625
9.515625
9.515625

1.0154553841
0.9599484647
0.9058595092
0.8532049936
0.8020009569
0.7522629965
0.7040062629
0.6572454557
0.6119948186
0.5682681355
0.5260787258
0.485439441
0.44636266
0.4088602862
0.3729437431
0.3386239711
0.3059114245
0.2748160677
0.2453473728
0.2175143163
0.1913253762
0.16678853
0.1439112519
0.1227005105
0.1031627668
0.0853039723
0.0691295668
0.0546444772
0.0418531159
0.0307593792
0.0213666463
0.0136777785
0.0076951177
0.0034204865
0.0008551867
0
0.0008551867
0.0034204865
0.0076951177
0.0136777785
0.0213666463
0.0307593792
0.0418531159
0.0546444772
0.0691295668
0.0853039723

0.1031627668
0.1227005105
0.1439112519
0.1439112519
0.16678853
0.1913253762
0.2175143163
0.2453473728
0.2748160677
0.3059114245
0.3386239711
0.3729437431
0.4088602862
0.44636266
0.485439441
0.5260787258
0.5682681355
0.6119948186
0.6572454557
0.7040062629
0.7522629965
0.8020009569
0.8532049936
0.9058595092
0.9599484647

Tire Bottom Center

31.8349459497
-31.8349459497
32.0613544719
-32.0613544719
32.244403633
-32.244403633
32.3854453366
-32.3854453366
32.4856460176
-32.4856460176
32.5460377837

Spindle Angle

Roll Center X
3.1085697901
-79.884552862
3.897978779
-79.9033825899
4.725948739
-79.905761055
5.5984459592
-79.8916966209
6.5224363779
-79.8608971303
7.5061675865

0
0
0
0
0
0

-32.5460377837
32.5675742485
-32.5675742485

-79.8127509958
8.5595443863
-79.7462883583

Roll Center Y

Swing Arm Length

4.6579013307
4.3951444896
4.1019699249
3.7938532497
3.4821080425
3.1750560485

76.5619580009
76.5619580009
72.7180908683
72.7180908683
68.9792928372
68.9792928372
65.3367456858
65.3367456858
61.7834036376
61.7834036376
58.3136968657

Upper Control Arm Spindle Y

17.640625
17.640625
17.640625
17.640625
17.640625
17.640625
17.640625
17.640625
17.640625
17.640625
17.640625

2.8788683413

58.3136968657
54.923326434
54.923326434

17.640625
17.640625
17.640625

Lower Control Arm Frame Y

6.515625
6.515625
6.515625
6.515625
6.515625
6.515625
6.515625
6.515625
6.515625
6.515625
6.515625

Camber Gain

Scrub
-2.5063976568

-0.246663553

-1.7169886678

-0.6994805974

-0.8890187079

-1.0655789194

-0.0165214876

-1.3476623268

0.907468931

-1.5480636887

1.8912001396

-1.6688472209

6.515625
6.515625
6.515625

2.9445769394

-1.7119201505

Spindle Bottom Pivot X

Spindle Bottom Pivot Y

31.75
31.75
31.75
31.75
31.75
31.75
31.75
31.75
31.75
31.75
31.75

6.515625
6.515625
6.515625
6.515625
6.515625
6.515625
6.515625
6.515625
6.515625
6.515625
6.515625

Spindle Top Pivot X

30.65625
30.65625
30.65625
30.65625
30.65625
30.65625
30.65625
30.65625
30.65625
30.65625
30.65625

31.75
31.75
31.75

6.515625
6.515625
6.515625

30.65625
30.65625
30.65625

Spindle Top Pivot Y

17.640625
17.640625
17.640625
17.640625
17.640625
17.640625
17.640625
17.640625
17.640625
17.640625
17.640625

17.640625
17.640625
17.640625