SewerCAD V8i Users Guide de 1-50

Chapter
Welcome to Bentley
SewerCAD V8i Help
Getting Started on page 1-1
Loading on page 7-297
Learn about Bentley SewerCAD V8i, how to install and uninstall the
product, and how to contact Bentley Systems.
Learn how to use Bentley SewerCAD V8i data loading features to

extend your model.
Introducing the Workspace on page 2-9
Calculating Your Model on page 8-369
Learn about the Bentley SewerCAD V8i workspace, including menus,

toolbars and dockable managers.
Learn how to create and manage "what-if" scenarios.
Quick Start Lessons on page 3-51
Using Scenarios and Alternatives on page 9-397
Perform these tutorials to learn the basics of using Bentley SewerCAD

V8i.
Learn how to define calculation options, calculate your model, and

review your results.
Starting a Project on page 4-109
Presenting Your Results on page 10-453
Learn how to set up a new project, manage existing project and set
project and other global options.
Learn how to present results in graphs, profile s and reports.
Using Modelbuilder on page 5-135
Working in AutoCAD Mode on page 12-607
Learn how to use ModelBuilder in ArcGIS mode or the Stand-Alone

Editor.
Learn how to use Bentley SewerCAD V8i in AutoCAD mode.
Creating Your Model on page 6-169
Theory on page 13-619
Learn how to use Bentley SewerCAD V8i layout and editing tools to
build your model.
Learn about the theory behind Bentley SewerCAD V8i.
DAA038110-1/0001
Bentley SewerCAD V8i Users Guide
1-1
1-2
Chapter 1: Welcome to Bentley SewerCAD V8i

Help1
Chapter 1: Getting Started1
What is Bentley SewerCAD V8i?1-1
Installation, Upgrades, and Updates1-2
Municipal License Administrator Auto-Configuration1-2
Software Updates via the Web and Bentley SELECT1-3
Troubleshooting1-3
UPDATING YOUR SENTINELLM LICENSES IF YOU MOVE YOUR LICENSE SERVER1-4
UPDATING YOUR BENTLEY SELECT SERVER LICENSES IF YOU
MOVE YOUR LICENSE SERVER1-4
Checking Your Current Registration Status1-4
Documentation1-4
Quick Start Lessons1-5
Contacting Us1-6
Sales1-6
Technical Support1-6
SUPPORT HOURS1-7
Addresses1-7
Your Suggestions Count1-8
Chapter 2: Introducing the Workspace9

The Workspace2-9
Stand-Alone Editor2-9
Microstation Mode2-10
AutoCAD Mode2-11
Menus2-11
File Menu2-11
Edit Menu2-15
Analysis Menu2-17
Components Menu2-18
View Menu2-19
Tools Menu2-22
Report Menu2-24
Help Menu2-24
Toolbars2-25
Layout Toolbar2-27
Standard Toolbar2-28
Edit Toolbar2-30
Bentley SewerCAD V8 XM Edition Users Guide
Contents-i
View Toolbar2-30
Scenarios Toolbar2-32
Analysis Toolbar2-32
Compute Toolbar2-33
Tools Toolbar2-33
Help Toolbar2-34
Zoom Toolbar2-34
Customizing the Toolbars2-36
Adding and Removing Toolbar Buttons2-36
Controlling Toolbars2-36
Dynamic Manager Display2-37
Opening Managers2-38
Customizing Managers2-40
Using Customizations2-42
Customization Manager2-42
CUSTOMIZATION EDITOR DIALOG BOX2-44
Using Named Views2-44
Copying and Pasting Data To and From Tables2-46
Chapter 3: Quick Start Lessons51

Lesson 1 - Creating a Schematic Network3-51
Part 1 - Creating a New Schematic Project File3-52
Part 2 - Entering Data3-56
ENTERING DATA THROUGH THE PROPERTIES EDITOR3-57
ENTERING DATA THROUGH FLEXTABLES3-59
ENTERING INFILTRATION DATA FOR GRAVITY PIPES3-61
STEADY STATE LOADING3-61
EXTREME FLOW FACTORS3-66
Part 3- Calculating the Model3-69
Lesson 2 - Automatic Design3-71
Part 1: Specifying Design Constraints3-71
Part 2: Design3-75
Lesson 3 - Scenario Management3-76
Part 1 - Opening the Project File3-76
Part 2 - Creating Alternatives3-76
Part 3 - Editing Base Scenarios3-81
Part 4 - Creating Child Scenarios3-82
Part 5 - Calculate and Compare3-84
Lesson 4 - Presentation of Results3-86
Part 1 - Reports3-86
Part 2 - FlexTables3-89
Part 3 - Element Annotation3-93
Contents-ii
Part 4 - Create a Profile3-95

Part 5 - Color Coding3-97
Lesson 5 - Running an Extended Period Simulation3-98
Part 1 - Entering and Applying Loading Patterns3-99
Part 2 - Entering Hydrographs3-101
Part 3 - Running the Extended Period Simulation3-103
Part 4 - Time Based Graphs and Tables3-103
Part 5 - Animations3-105
Chapter 4: Starting a Project109

Welcome Dialog Box4-109
Projects4-110
Setting Project Properties4-110
Setting Options4-111
Options Dialog Box - Global Tab4-111
Options Dialog Box - Project Tab4-114
Options Dialog Box - Drawing Tab4-116
Options Dialog Box - Units Tab4-117
Options Dialog Box - Labeling Tab4-120
Options Dialog Box - ProjectWise Tab4-121
Considerations for ProjectWise Users4-123
General Guidelines for using ProjectWise 4-123
Performing ProjectWise Operations4-124
Importing Data From Other Models4-127
Importing Data from a SewerCAD V8 Database4-128
Importing a Submodel4-128
Importing from LandXML4-129
Importing StormCAD V84-130
Importing from SewerGEMS V84-131
Exporting Data4-132
Exporting a .DXF File4-132
Exporting a Submodel4-132
Exporting to LandXML4-133
4-133
Chapter 5: Using Modelbuilder135

Preparing to Use ModelBuilder5-135
ModelBuilder Connections Manager5-138
ModelBuilder Wizard5-141
Step 1Specify Data Source5-141
Step 2Specify Spatial Options5-142
Contents-iii
Step 3Specify Field Mappings for each Table/Feature Class5-144

Step 4Build Operation Confirmation5-146
Reviewing Your Results5-146
Multi-select Data Source Types5-147
ModelBuilder Warnings and Error Messages5-147
Warnings5-147
Error Messages5-148
Specifying Network Connectivity in ModelBuilder5-149
Sample Spreadsheet Data Source5-151
Handling Collection and Curve Data in Modelbuilder5-152
Importing Pump Definitions Using ModelBuilder5-153
Using ModelBuilder to Import Pump Curves5-158
Using ModelBuilder to Import Patterns5-162
Chapter 6: Creating Your Model169

Elements and Element Attributes6-169
Link Elements6-170
ENTERING ADDITIONAL DATA TO LINK ELEMENTS6-170
Adding a Minor Loss Collection to a Pressure Pipe6-171
Diversion Rating Curve Dialog Box6-172
Defining the Geometry of a Link Element6-172
Irregular Channel Editor Dialog Box6-173
Defining the Cross-Sectional Shape of a Link Element6-174
SECTIONS RESULTS DIALOG BOX6-175

Manholes6-175
FLOW (DOWNSTREAM CONDUIT)6-176
FLOW HEADLOSS CURVES DIALOG BOX6-176
DROP MANHOLES6-178
Transitions6-178
Wet Wells6-179
PERCENT FULL6-179
INFLOW (WET) COLLECTION DIALOG BOX6-180
Outfalls6-180
ADDING ELEVATION VS. FLOW DATA TO AN OUTFALL6-181
Pressure Junctions6-182
Pumps6-182
PUMP DEFINITIONS DIALOG BOX6-183
SUBMERSIBLE PUMPS6-189
Variable Speed Pump Batteries6-190
Air Valves6-191
Other Tools6-192
Adding Elements to Your Model6-193
Contents-iv
Modeling Curved Pipes6-194

Connecting Elements6-194
What Is A Virtual Conduit?6-195
Connecting a Pump to a Wet Well6-195
Manipulating Elements6-195
Splitting Pipes6-198
Disconnecting and Reconnecting Pipes6-199
Editing Element Attributes6-199
Property Editor6-199
RELABELING ELEMENTS6-201
SET FIELD OPTIONS DIALOG BOX6-202
What Length is Used for Conduits and Pressure Pipes When I Don't
Enter a User-defined Length?6-203
Automatic Design6-204
Default Design Constraints6-205
Minor Loss Coefficients6-208
Using the Totalizing Flow Meters6-210
Totalizing Flow Meters Manager Dialog6-210
Totalizing Flow Meter Editor Dialog6-211
System Head Curves6-213
System Head Curves Manager Dialog6-213
Element Property Inferencing6-215
Element Property Inferencing Dialog6-217
NEW ELEMENT LAYOUT SUMMARY DIALOG6-223
Changing the Drawing View6-223
Panning6-223
Zooming6-224
USING THE ZOOM CENTER COMMAND6-226
Using Selection Sets6-227
Selection Sets Manager6-228
Viewing Elements in a Selection Sets6-230
Creating a Selection Set from a Selection6-231
Creating a Selection Set from a Query6-231
Adding Elements to a Selection Set6-233
Removing Elements from a Selection Set6-234
Performing Group-Level Operations on Selection Sets6-234
Network Navigator6-236
Using Prototypes6-239
Creating Prototypes6-239
Engineering Libraries6-241
Working with Engineering Libraries6-242
SHARING ENGINEERING LIBRARIES ON A NETWORK6-245
Contents-v
Converting Legacy Engineering Library Files6-245

Conduit Catalog Dialog Box6-247
Adding Hyperlinks to Elements6-251
Hyperlinks Dialog Box6-251
Using Queries6-254
Queries Manager6-255
QUERY PARAMETERS DIALOG BOX6-256
Creating Queries6-257
USING THE LIKE OPERATOR6-261
Controls6-262
Controls Tab6-264
Conditions Tab6-269
Actions Tab6-275
Control Sets Tab6-279
LOGICAL CONTROL SETS DIALOG BOX6-280
User Data Extensions6-280
User Data Extensions Dialog Box6-283
User Data Extensions Import Dialog Box6-287
Sharing User Data Extensions Among Element Types6-287
Shared Field Specification Dialog Box6-288
Enumeration Editor Dialog Box6-289
Batch Pipe Split Dialog Box6-290
External Tools6-291
External Tools Workflow6-292
TRex Wizard6-293
Chapter 7: Loading297
Loading7-297
Methods for Entering Loads7-298
Types of Loads7-299
Adding Fixed Loads7-301
Hydrograph vs. Pattern Loads7-301
Adding User Defined Hydrographs7-302
Pattern Loads7-303
WORKING WITH PATTERNS7-303
Pattern Manager7-305
DEFINING PATTERN SETUPS7-307
Unit Sanitary Loading7-309
TYPES OF UNIT SANITARY (DRY WEATHER) LOADS7-310
ADDING UNIT SANITARY (DRY WEATHER) LOADS7-311
Composite Hydrographs7-318
Composite Hydrograph Window7-318
Contents-vi
Composite Hydrograph Data Table Window7-318

Inflows7-319
Defining Inflow Collections7-322
Inflow Control Center7-325
APPLY SANITARY INFLOW TYPE TO SELECTION DIALOG7-329
Sanitary Load Control Center7-329
APPLY SANITARY LOAD TO SELECTION DIALOG7-332
Sanitary (Dry Weather) Flow Collections7-332
Using LoadBuilder to Assign Loading Data7-335
Allocation7-336
Billing Meter Aggregation7-338
Distribution7-339
Projection7-341
Using LoadBuilder to Assign Loading Data7-342
LoadBuilder Manager7-342
LoadBuilder Wizard7-343
LoadBuilder Run Summary7-354
Generating Thiessen Polygons7-354
Thiessen Polygon Creator Dialog Box7-357
Creating Boundary Polygon Feature Classes7-359
Pipeline Infiltration7-360
Hydrograph Curve Dialog Box7-360
Extreme Flows7-361
Extreme Flows Dialog7-361
Extreme Flow Setups Dialog7-366
Chapter 8: Calculating Your Model369

Steady State/Extended Period Simulation8-369
Steady State Simulation8-369
Extended Period Simulation8-369
EPS RESULTS BROWSER8-370
Calculation Options Manager8-373
Creating Calculation Options8-374
Calculation Option Attributes8-376
FLOW PROFILE METHOD8-382
Controlling Results Output8-382
REPORTING TIME STEPS DIALOG BOX8-383
Check Data/ Validate8-383
Detailed Calculation Summary Dialog Box8-384
Executive Summary Tab8-384
Calculation Options Tab8-385
Contents-vii
Pressure Summary Tab8-391

Pipe Report Tab8-392
Node Report Tab8-392
User Notifications8-393
User Notifications Manager8-393
USER NOTIFICATION DETAILS DIALOG BOX8-395
8-395
Chapter 9: Using Scenarios and Alternatives397

Understanding Scenarios and Alternatives9-397
Advantages of Automated Scenario Management9-398
A History of What-If Analyses9-398
BEFORE HAESTAD METHODS - DISTRIBUTED SCENARIOS9-398
WITH HAESTAD METHODS: SELF-CONTAINED SCENARIOS9-400
The Scenario Cycle9-400
Scenario Attributes and Alternatives9-402
A Familiar Parallel9-402
Inheritance9-403
OVERRIDING INHERITANCE9-404
DYNAMIC INHERITANCE9-404
Local and Inherited Values9-405
Minimizing Effort through Attribute Inheritance9-405
Minimizing Effort through Scenario Inheritance9-406
Scenario Example - Simple Water Distribution System9-407
Building the Model (Average Day Conditions)9-408
Analyzing Different Demands (Maximum Day Conditions)9-408
Another Set of Demands (Peak Hour Conditions)9-409
Correcting an Error9-409
Analyzing Improvement Suggestions9-410
Finalizing the Project9-411
Summary9-411
Scenarios9-412
Base and Child Scenarios9-413
Creating Scenarios9-413
Editing Scenarios9-413
Running Multiple Scenarios at Once (Batch Runs)9-414
Scenario Manager9-415
Alternatives9-417
Types of Alternatives9-417
Base and Child Alternatives9-418
Creating Alternatives9-418
Editing Alternatives9-419
Alternative Manager9-419
Alternative Editor Dialog Box9-420
Contents-viii
Active Topology Alternative9-421

CREATING AN ACTIVE TOPOLOGY CHILD ALTERNATIVE9-422
ACTIVE TOPOLOGY SELECTION DIALOG BOX9-423
Physical Alternatives9-424
PHYSICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR CONDUITS9-424
PHYSICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR MANHOLES9-431
PHYSICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR TRANSITIONS9-432
PHYSICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR WET WELLS9-432
PHYSICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR OUTFALLS9-434
PHYSICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR PRESSURE PIPES9-435
PHYSICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR PRESSURE JUNCTIONS9-437
PHYSICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR PUMPS9-437
PHYSICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR VARIABLE SPEED PUMP BATTERIES9438
PHYSICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR AIR VALVES9-439
Design Alternative9-440
Headloss Alternative9-443
Boundary Condition Alternatives9-444
Initial Settings Alternative9-445
Sanitary Loading Alternative9-447
SANITARY LOADING ALTERNATIVE FOR MANHOLES9-448
SANITARY LOADING ALTERNATIVE FOR WET WELLS9-448
SANITARY LOADING ALTERNATIVE FOR PRESSURE JUNCTIONS9448
Infiltration and Inflow Alternatives9-449
INFILTRATION AND INFLOW ALTERNATIVE FOR CONDUITS9-449
INFILTRATION AND INFLOW ALTERNATIVE FOR MANHOLES9-450
INFILTRATION AND INFLOW ALTERNATIVE FOR WET WELLS9-450
INFILTRATION AND INFLOW ALTERNATIVE FOR PRESSURE JUNCTIONS9-450
System Flows Alternative9-451
Operational Alternative9-452
User Data Extensions Alternative9-452
Calculation Options9-452
Chapter 10: Presenting Your Results453

Using Background Layers10-453
Background Layer Manager10-454
Working with Background Layer Folders10-456
Adding Background Layers10-457
Deleting Background Layers10-457
Editing Background Layers10-458
Renaming Background Layers10-458
Turning Background Layers On and Off10-458
Image Properties Dialog Box10-458
Contents-ix
Shapefile Properties Dialog Box10-460

DXF Properties Dialog Box10-461
Annotating Your Model10-462
Element Symbology Manager10-463
Using Folders in the Element Symbology Manager10-465
Adding Annotations10-466
Deleting Annotations10-467
Editing Annotations10-467
Renaming Annotations10-467
Annotation Properties Dialog Box10-468
FREE FORM ANNOTATION DIALOG BOX10-469
Zoom Dependent Visibility10-470
Color Coding Your Model10-470
Adding Color-Coding10-471
Deleting Color-Coding10-471
Editing Color-Coding10-472
Renaming Color-Coding10-472
Color-Coding Properties Dialog Box10-472
Using Profiles10-474
Profiles Manager10-475
Viewing Profiles10-476
Creating a New Profile10-477
Editing Profiles10-478
Deleting Profiles10-478
Renaming Profiles10-478
Profile Setup Dialog Box10-479
Profile Viewer Dialog Box10-480
AXIS OPTIONS DIALOG BOX10-483
Engineering Profile Viewer Dialog Box10-483
ENGINEERING PROFILE OPTIONS10-485
GROUND PROFILE OPTIONS10-487
ANNOTATION PROPERTIES DIALOG BOX10-487
LINK ANNOTATION PROPERTIES DIALOG BOX10-487
TEXT PROPERTIES10-488
Viewing and Editing Data in FlexTables10-488
FlexTables Manager10-489
Working with FlexTable Folders10-491
FlexTable Dialog Box10-492
STATISTICS DIALOG BOX10-494
Opening FlexTables10-494
Creating a New FlexTable10-495
Deleting FlexTables10-495
Naming and Renaming FlexTables10-495
Editing FlexTables10-496
Sorting and Filtering FlexTable Data10-498
Contents-x
CUSTOM SORT DIALOG BOX10-501

Customizing Your FlexTable10-501
FlexTable Setup Dialog Box10-502
Element Relabeling Dialog Box10-504
Copying, Exporting, and Printing FlexTable Data10-505
Using Predefined Tables10-507
Reporting10-507
Using Standard Reports10-507
CREATING A PROJECT INVENTORY REPORT10-507
CREATING A SCENARIO SUMMARY REPORT10-508
CREATING A CONDUIT AND PRESSURE PIPE INVENTORY10-508
Reporting on Element Data10-508
Report Options10-508
Graphing10-509
Graph Manager10-510
Creating a Graph10-511
Printing a Graph10-512
Working with Graph Data: Viewing and Copying10-512
Graph Dialog Box10-512
GRAPH SERIES OPTIONS DIALOG BOX10-517
FILTER DIALOG BOX10-517
OBSERVED DATA DIALOG BOX10-517
Sample Observed Data Source10-519
Chart Options Dialog Box10-520

Chart Options Dialog Box - Chart Tab10-521
SERIES TAB10-522
PANEL TAB10-522
AXES TAB10-525
GENERAL TAB10-532
TITLES TAB10-533
WALLS TAB10-538
PAGING TAB10-539
LEGEND TAB10-540
3D TAB10-546
Chart Options Dialog Box - Series Tab10-547
FORMAT TAB10-547
POINT TAB10-548
GENERAL TAB10-549
DATA SOURCE TAB10-550
MARKS TAB10-551
Chart Options Dialog Box - Tools Tab10-555
Chart Options Dialog Box - Export Tab10-556
Chart Options Dialog Box - Print Tab10-558
Border Editor Dialog Box10-559
Gradient Editor Dialog Box10-560
Color Editor Dialog Box10-561
Contents-xi
Color Dialog Box10-561

Hatch Brush Editor Dialog Box10-562
HATCH BRUSH EDITOR DIALOG BOX - SOLID TAB10-562
HATCH BRUSH EDITOR DIALOG BOX - HATCH TAB10-563
HATCH BRUSH EDITOR DIALOG BOX - GRADIENT TAB10-563
HATCH BRUSH EDITOR DIALOG BOX - IMAGE TAB10-564
Pointer Dialog Box10-565
Change Series Title Dialog Box10-566
Chart Tools Gallery Dialog Box10-566
CHART TOOLS GALLERY DIALOG BOX - SERIES TAB10-566
CHART TOOLS GALLERY DIALOG BOX - AXIS TAB10-570
CHART TOOLS GALLERY DIALOG BOX - OTHER TAB10-573
TeeChart Gallery Dialog Box10-578
SERIES10-578
FUNCTIONS10-578
Customizing a Graph10-578
Print Preview Window10-587
Contours10-588
Contour Definition10-590
Contour Plot10-591
Contour Browser Dialog Box10-592
Enhanced Pressure Contours10-592
Using Named Views10-592
Using Aerial View10-593
Time Series Field Data10-594
SELECT ASSOCIATED MODELING ATTRIBUTE DIALOG BOX10-596
Chapter 11: Features of the MicroStation Version

597
MicroStation Environment11-598
MicroStation Mode Graphical Layout11-598
MicroStation Project Files11-599
Bentley SewerCAD V8i Element Properties11-599
Element Properties11-600
Levels11-600
ELEMENT LEVELS DIALOG11-601
Text Styles11-601
Working with Elements11-601
Edit Elements11-601
Deleting Elements11-602
Modifying Elements11-602
CHANGE PIPE WIDTHS11-602
Contents-xii
EDIT ELEMENTS11-602
Working with Elements Using MicroStation Commands11-602
BENTLEY SEWERCAD V8I CUSTOM MICROSTATION ENTITIES11603
MICROSTATION COMMANDS11-603
MOVING ELEMENTS11-603
MOVING ELEMENT LABELS11-604
Snap Menu11-604
Undo/Redo11-604
Special Considerations11-605
Import Bentley SewerCAD V8i11-605
Annotation Display11-605
Use SewerCAD V8i Z Order Command11-605
Chapter 12: Working in AutoCAD Mode607

The AutoCAD Workspace12-608
AutoCAD Integration with SewerCAD V8i12-608
AutoCAD Mode Graphical Layout12-609
Menus12-609
Toolbars12-609
Drawing Setup12-610
Symbol Visibility12-610
Layout Options Dialog12-610
AutoCAD Project Files12-611
AutoCAD Project Files12-611
Drawing Synchronization12-612
Working with Elements Using AutoCAD Commands12-613
SewerCAD V8i Custom AutoCAD Entities12-613
SewerCAD V8i Custom AutoCAD Entities12-614
AutoCAD Commands12-614
Explode Elements12-614
Moving Elements12-615
Moving Element Labels12-615
Snap Menu12-615
Undo/Redo12-615
Importing SewerCAD V8i Data12-617
Importing SewerCAD V8i Data12-617
Working with Proxies12-617
Contents-xiii
Chapter 13: Theory619

Loading13-620
Common Load Types13-620
HYDROGRAPHS13-620
PATTERN LOADS13-621
HYDROGRAPHS VS. PATTERN LOADS13-621
Sanitary (Dry Weather) Loading13-621
UNIT SANITARY (DRY WEATHER) LOADS13-622
EXTREME FLOW FACTOR13-622
COMMON VARIABLE PEAKING FACTORS13-623
Wet Weather Loading13-624
INFILTRATION13-624
INFLOW13-625
Known Flow13-625
Gravity Pipe Hydraulics13-626
The Energy Principle13-626
THE ENERGY EQUATION13-627
Hydraulic and Energy Grades13-628
HYDRAULIC GRADE13-629
ENERGY GRADE13-629
Friction Loss Methods13-629
CHEZYS EQUATION13-629
COLEBROOK-WHITE EQUATION13-630
HAZEN-WILLIAMS EQUATION13-631
DARCY-WEISBACH EQUATION13-631
Swamee and Jain Equation13-633
MANNINGS EQUATION13-633
Flow Regime13-634
PRESSURE FLOW13-635
UNIFORM FLOW AND NORMAL DEPTH13-635
CRITICAL FLOW, CRITICAL DEPTH, AND CRITICAL SLOPE13-635
SUBCRITICAL FLOW13-636
SUPERCRITICAL FLOW13-636
Gradually Varied Flow Analysis13-636
SLOPE CLASSIFICATION13-636
ZONE CLASSIFICATION13-638
PROFILE CLASSIFICATION13-639
Energy Balance13-640
STANDARD STEP METHOD13-641
DIRECT STEP METHOD13-641
Mixed Flow Profiles13-641
SEALING (SURCHARGING) CONDITIONS13-642
RAPIDLY VARIED FLOW13-642
Backwater Analysis13-642
FREE OUTFALL13-643
STRUCTURE FLOODING13-643
Contents-xiv
Frontwater Analysis13-643
Pipe Average Velocity13-644
UNIFORM FLOW VELOCITY13-644
FULL FLOW VELOCITY13-644
SIMPLE AVERAGE VELOCITY13-644
WEIGHTED AVERAGE VELOCITY13-645
PIPE AVERAGE VELOCITY AND TRAVEL TIME13-645
Capacity Analysis (Approximate Profiles)13-645
FULL CAPACITY PROFILES13-646
EXCESS CAPACITY PROFILES13-646
COMPOSITE EXCESS CAPACITY PROFILES13-648
Junction Headlosses and Minor Losses13-648
Manhole Head Loss Equations (AASHTO/HEC-2 Overview)13-649
Junction Headlosses13-649
STRUCTURE HEADLOSS13-649
SPECIAL ASSUMPTIONS13-652
Pressure Flow, Free Surface Flow, and Transitional Flow13-652
Initial Headloss Coefficient13-652
Correction for Pipe Diameter13-653
Correction for Flow Depth13-653
Correction for Relative Flow13-654
Correction for Plunging Flow13-654
Correction for Benching13-655
Headloss - AASHTO Method13-656
AASHTO Contraction Loss13-657
AASHTO Bend Loss13-657
AASHTO Bend Loss Original Equation13-658
AASHTO Expansion Loss13-659
AASHTO Correction For Non-Piped Flow13-660
AASHTO Correction for Shaping13-660
Minor Losses13-660
FITTING LOSS COEFFICIENTS13-661
Pump Theory13-662
Variable Speed Pumps13-663
Constant Horsepower Pumps13-666
Conservation of Mass and Energy13-667
CONSERVATION OF MASS13-667
CONSERVATION OF ENERGY13-668
The Gradient Algorithm13-668
Derivation of the Gradient Algorithm13-669
The Linear System Equation Solver13-671
Extended Period Simulations13-673
Extended Period Simulations Overview13-673
Routing Overview13-673
Convex Routing13-674
Weighted Translation Routing13-675
Contents-xv
Hydrologic and Hydraulic Time Steps13-676

Transitioning Between Gravity and Pressure Networks13-676
Identifying Gravity Pipes and Force Mains13-676
Direction of Flow in Gravity and Pressure Systems13-677
Transitioning From Gravity Pipes to Force Mains13-677
Transitioning From Force Mains to Gravity Elements13-678
Subnetworks13-682
Constraint Based Automatic Design13-683
Gravity Pipes and Structures Design13-683
Part Full Design13-683
Allow Multiple Sections13-684
Limit Section Size13-685
Pipe Matching13-685
Offset Matching13-686
Drop Structures13-686
Structure invert Elevations13-686
Design Priorities13-686
Automatic Design with Hydrograph and Pattern Loads13-689
Constraint Based Warning Messages13-690
Open and Closed Channel Weighting Methods13-690
Note to HEC-2, WSP-2, and WSPRO Users13-693
Energy Discontinuity13-693
Structure Energy Grade13-694
Design Considerations13-694
Reporting Flow Attributes13-694
Mannings n Coefficients13-695
Headloss Coefficients for Junctions13-698
Roughness ValuesMannings Equation13-699
Roughness ValuesDarcy-Weisbach Equation (Colebrook-White)
13-700
Appendix 14: References703

Chapter 15: About Bentley Systems705
Software15-705
CivilStorm15-706
SewerGEMS15-707
SewerGEMS15-707
WaterGEMS15-708
WaterCAD15-708
StormCAD15-709
Contents-xvi
PondPack15-709
FlowMaster15-709
CulvertMaster15-710
HAMMER15-710
GISConnect15-710
Bentley Institute Press15-711
Training15-712
Accreditations15-712
Contents-xvii
Contents-xviii
Chapter
Getting Started
Thank you for purchasing Bentley SewerCAD V8i. At Bentley Systems, we pride
ourselves in providing the very best engineering software available. Our goal is to
make software that is easy to install and use, yet so powerful and intuitive that it anticipates your needs without getting in your way.
When you first use Bentley SewerCAD V8i, use the intuitive interface and interactive
dialog boxes to guide you. If you need more information, use the online help by
pressing the F1 key or selecting Bentley SewerCAD V8i Help from the Help menu.
A help topic describing the area of the program in which you are working appears.
Documentation on page 1-4
Quick Start Lessons on page 1-5
Contacting Us on page 1-6
What is Bentley SewerCAD V8i?

SewerCAD V8i is an extremely powerful program for the design and analysis of
gravity flow and pressure flow through pipe networks and pumping stations. The
program can be run in Microstation and AutoCAD mode, giving you all the power of
Microstation and AutoCADs capabilities, or in Stand-Alone mode utilizing our own
graphical interface.
SewerCAD V8i allows you to construct a graphical representation of a pipe network
containing information such as pipe data, pump data, loading, and infiltration. You
have a choice of conveyance elements including circular pipes, arches, boxes and
more.
1-1
Installation, Upgrades, and Updates

The gravity network is calculated using the built-in numerical model, which utilizes
both the direct step and standard step gradually varied flow methods. Flow calculations are valid for both surcharged and varied flow situations, including hydraulic
jumps, backwater, and drawdown curves. You also have the flexibility to mix gravity
and pressure components freely, building your systems in parallel or in series as they
exist in the field. Pressure elements can be controlled based on system hydraulics,
turning pumps on and off due to changes in flows and pressures.
SewerCAD V8is flexible reporting feature allows you to customize and print the
model results in both a report format and as a graphical plot.
Installation, Upgrades, and Updates

For instructions on installing, registering, activating, and updating the software please
refer to the Readme.pdf in the Program Files/Bentley/SewerCAD8 directory.
Municipal License Administrator Auto-Configuration

At the conclusion of the installation process, the Municipal License Administrator will
be executed, to automatically detect and set the default configuration for your product,
if possible. However, if multiple license configurations are detected on the license
server, you will need to select which one to use by default, each time the product
starts. If this is the case, you will see the screen below. Simply press OK to clear the
Warning dialog, then press Refresh Configurations to display the list of available
configurations. Select one and press Make Default, then exit the License Administrator. (You only need to repeat this step if you decide to make a different configuration the default in the future.)
1-2
Getting Started
Software Updates via the Web and Bentley SELECT

Note:
Your PC must be connected to the Internet to use the Check for

Updates button.
Bentley SELECT is the comprehensive delivery and support subscription program

that features product updates and upgrades via Web downloads, around-the-clock
technical support, exclusive licensing options, discounts on training and consulting
services, as well as technical information and support channels. Its easy to stay up-todate with the latest advances in our software. Software updates can be downloaded
from our Web site, and your version of Bentley SewerCAD V8i can then be upgraded
to the current version quickly and easily. Just click the Check for Updates button on
the toolbar to launch your preferred Web browser and open our Web site. The Web site
automatically checks to see if your installed version is the latest available, and if not, it
provides you with the opportunity to download the correct upgrade to bring it up-todate. You can also access our Knowledgebase for answers to your Frequently Asked
Questions (FAQs).
For more information, see Technical Support on page 1-6.
Troubleshooting
Because of the multitasking capabilities of Windows, you may have applications
running in the background that make it difficult for software setup and installations to
determine the configuration of your current system. If you have difficulties during the
installation or uninstallation process, please try these steps before contacting our technical support staff:
1. Shut down and restart your computer.
2. Verify that there are no other programs running. You can see applications
currently in use by pressing Ctrl+Shift+Esc in Windows 2000 and Windows XP.
Exit any applications that are running.
3. Disable any antivirus software that you are running.
Caution:
After you install Bentley SewerCAD V8i, make certain that

you restart any antivirus software you have disabled. Failure
to restart your antivirus software leaves you exposed to
potentially destructive computer viruses.
4. Try running the installation or uninstallation again (without running any other
program first).
If these three steps fail to successfully install or uninstall the product, contact our
Technical Support staff. For more information, see Contacting Us on page 1-6.
1-3
Documentation
Updating Your SentinelLM Licenses if You Move Your License

Server
If you move your SentinelLM license manager to a different server, following these
steps to update the licenses:
1. Install the license file on the new server.
2. Replace the server name in the license.ini file on all client workstations with the
new server name (on the line containing Server=). Dont forget to save the file
on each workstation. The license.ini file is usually located in the Haestad Method
product directory.
Updating Your Bentley SELECT Server Licenses if you Move Your

License Server
If you move your Bentley SELECT Server license manager to a different server,
following these steps to update the licenses:
1. Obtain a new license file (license string) from Bentley Systems, then update the
license.lic file on the new server with the new license string.
2. Replace the server name in the license.lic file on all client workstations with the
new server name. Dont forget to save the file on each workstation. The license.lic
file is usually located in the Haestad Method product directory.
Checking Your Current Registration Status

After you have registered the software, you can check your current registration status
by opening the About... box from within the software itself.
To view your registration information
1. Select Help > About Bentley SewerCAD V8i Edition.
2. The version and build number for Bentley SewerCAD V8i Edition display in the
lower-left corner of the About Bentley Bentley SewerCAD V8i dialog box.
The current registration status is also displayed, including: user name and
company, serial number, license type and check-in status, feature level, expiration
date, and SELECT Server information.
Documentation
Bentley SewerCAD V8i documentation is available in two parts:
1-4
Getting Started
Online help:
The online help is accessible from the Help menu or

by pressing F1. Additionally, when you are using
Bentley SewerCAD V8i, you can call the online help
at any time by clicking a help button in any dialog
box or window.
The context-sensitive online help is designed to make
it easy for you to quickly find specific information
about a feature you are using in Bentley SewerCAD
V8i. The online help makes extensive use of
hyperlinks and provides a table of contents, index,
and keyword search to help you locate the
information you need.
Online PDF Book:
Note:
The content in the online help is also available in .pdf

format and is available at docs.bentley.com. This pdf
contains the same content as the online help, but
includes hypertext and is designed to be printed by
you from a local printing device. As well as being
more easily printable than the online help, the online
book also uses hypertext and is searchable.
On-screen display of graphics in .pdf files is dependent on the

zoom level you use. For more optimal viewing of graphics in
Adobe Acrobat Reader, try using 167% and 208% zoom.
Quick Start Lessons

The lessons quickly introduce you to specific features of Bentley SewerCAD V8i. To
access the lessons, select Quick Start Lessons from the Help menu. Run a lesson by
selecting one of the entries in the list.
1-5
Contacting Us
Contacting Us
Contact Bentley Systems if you want product information, to upgrade your software,
or need technical support.
Sales
Bentley Systems, Inc. professional staff is ready to answer your questions. Please
contact your sales representative for any questions regarding Bentley Systems, Inc.
latest products and prices.
Toll-free U.S. Phone:
800-727-6555
Worldwide Phone:
+1-203-755-1666
Fax:
+1-203-597-1488
Email:
sales@haestad.com
Technical Support
We hope that everything runs smoothly and you never have a need for our technical
support staff. However, if you do need support, our highly-skilled staff offers their
services seven days a week, and may be contacted by phone, fax, email, and the
Internet. For information on the various levels of support that we offer, contact our
sales team today and request information on our ClientCare program, or visit our Web
site.
When calling for support, in order to assist our technicians in troubleshooting your
problem, please be in front of your computer and have the following information
available:
1-6
Your computers operating system (Windows 2000 or Windows XP).
Name and build number of the Bentley Systems, Inc. software you are calling
about. The build number can be determined by clicking Help > About Bentley
SewerCAD V8i. The build number is the number in brackets located in the lowerleft corner of the dialog box that opens.
A note of exactly what you were doing when you encountered the problem.
Any error messages or other information displayed on your screen.
Getting Started
When emailing or faxing for support, please provide the following details, in addition
to the above, to enable us to provide a more timely and accurate response:
Company name, address, and phone number
A detailed explanation of your concerns
If you are emailing us, the Haestad Bentley SewerCAD V8i.log files located in the
product directory (e.g., C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application
Data\Haestad\Bentley SewerCAD V8i\1)
Support Hours
:Technical Support is available 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
You can contact our technical support team at:
Phone:
+1-203-755-1666
Fax:
+1-203-597-1488
Email:
support@haestad.com
Addresses
Use this address information to contact us:
Internet:
http://www.haestad.com
Email:
support@haestad.com
sales@haestad.com
Toll-free U.S. Phone:
800-727-6555
Worldwide Phone:
+1-203-755-1666
Fax:
+1-203-597-1488
Mail:
Bentley Systems, Inc., Incorporated

Haestad Methods Solutions Center
Suite 200W
37 Brookside Road
Watertown, CT 06795
1-7
Contacting Us
Your Suggestions Count

Bentley Systems, Inc. strives to continually provide you with sophisticated software
and documentation. We are very interested in hearing your suggestions for improving
the Bentley SewerCAD V8i software, online help, and printed manual. Your feedback
guides us in developing products that make your work easier.
Please let us hear from you!
1-8
Chapter
Introducing the
Workspace
Click one of the following links to learn more about the Bentley SewerCAD V8i
workspace.
The Workspace on page 2-9
Menus on page 2-11
Toolbars on page 2-25
Customizing the Toolbars on page 2-36
Dynamic Manager Display on page 2-37
The Workspace
You use Bentley SewerCAD V8i in one of these modes:
Stand-Alone Editor on page 2-9
Microstation Mode on page 2-10
AutoCAD Mode on page 2-11
Stand-Alone Editor
The Stand-Alone Editor is the workspace that contains the various managers, toolbars,
and menus, along with the drawing pane, that make up the Bentley SewerCAD V8i
interface. The Bentley SewerCAD V8i interface uses dockable windows and toolbars,
so the position of the various interface elements can be manually adjusted to suit your
preference.
2-9
The Workspace
By default, the Bentley SewerCAD V8i environment looks like this:
Microstation Mode
Microstation mode lets you create and model your network directly within your
primary drafting environment. This gives you access to all of Microstations drafting
and presentation tools, while still enabling you to perform Bentley SewerCAD V8i
modeling tasks like editing, solving, and data management. This relationship between
Bentley SewerCAD V8i and Microstation enables extremely detailed and accurate
mapping of model features, and provides the full array of output and presentation
features available in Microstation. This facility provides the most flexibility and the
highest degree of compatibility with other CAD-based applications and drawing data
maintained at your organization.
Note:
2-10
For more information about runnning Bentley SewerCAD V8i in

Microstation mode, see MicroStation Environment on page 12702.
Introducing the Workspace
AutoCAD Mode
AutoCAD mode lets you create and model your network directly within your primary
drafting environment. This gives you access to all of AutoCADs drafting and presentation tools, while still enabling you to perform Bentley SewerCAD V8i modeling
tasks like editing, solving, and data management. This relationship between Bentley
SewerCAD V8i and AutoCAD enables extremely detailed and accurate mapping of
model features, and provides the full array of output and presentation features available in AutoCAD. This facility provides the most flexibility and the highest degree of
compatibility with other CAD-based applications and drawing data maintained at your
organization.
Note:
For more information about runnning Bentley SewerCAD V8i in

AutoCAD mode, see Working in AutoCAD Mode on page 13-711.
Menus
Menus are located at the top of Bentley SewerCAD V8i stand-alone editor window
and provide access to program commands, which are broken down by type of functionality.
The following menus are available:
File Menu on page 2-11
Edit Menu on page 2-15
Analysis Menu on page 2-17
View Menu on page 2-19
Tools Menu on page 2-22
Report Menu on page 2-24
Help Menu on page 2-24
File Menu
The File menu contains the following commands:
New
Creates a new project. When you select this

command, a new untitled project is created.
Open
Opens an existing project. When you select this

command, the Open dialog box appears, allowing
you to browse to the project to be opened.
2-11
Menus
2-12
Close
Closes the current project without exiting the

program.
Close All
Closes all currently open projects.
Save
Saves the current project.
Save As
Saves the current project under a new project name

and/or to a different directory location.
Save All
Saves all currently open projects.
ProjectWise
Opens a submenu containing the following

commands:
OpenOpen an existing SewerCAD V8i

project from ProjectWise. You are prompted to
log into a ProjectWise datasource if you are not
already logged in.
Note:
Save AsSaves the current project to a

ProjectWise datasource. You are prompted to
log into a ProjectWise datasource if you are not
already logged in.
Change DatasourceLets you connect to a

different ProjectWise datasource for future
Open and Save As operations.
ImportLets you import the following file types

into the ProjectWise project:
SewerCAD V8 DatabaseLets you import

a Bentley SewerCAD V8i project database
file.
SubmodelLets you import a SewerCAD

submodel file.
LandXMLLets you import a LandXML

file.
StormCAD V8 Lets you import a

StormCAD V8 file.
SewerGEMS V8 Lets you import a

SewerGEMS V8 file.
Note:
Only projects that were

originally saved into
ProjectWise from the SewerCAD
V8i application can be opened
For more information about

using SewerCAD V8i with
ProjectWise, see Considerations
for ProjectWise Users on page 4158
2-13
Menus
Import

commands:
Export
2-14
Bentley SewerCAD V8i DatabaseLets you

import a Bentley SewerCAD V8i project database file.
SubmodelLets you import a SewerCAD

submodel file.
LandXMLLets you import a LandXML

file.
StormCAD V8Lets you import a

StormCAD V8 file.
SewerGEMS V8 Lets you import a

SewerGEMS V8 file.

commands:
DXFLets you export the current network

layout as a DXF drawing.
SubmodelExports the currently selected

area of the network as a SewerCAD submodel
file.
LandXMLExports the current project as a

LandXML file.
Page Setup
Defines the print settings that will be used when the

current view is printed.
Print Preview
Opens the Print Preview window, displaying the

current view exactly as it will be printed. You can
select whether you want the print preview to be Fit
to Page or Scaled:
Fit to PageThe view will be zoomed in or out

so that the current view fits to a single page of
the default page size.
ScaledThe view will be scaled so that it

matches the user-defined drawing scale (this is
defined on the Drawing Tab of the Options
dialog: Tools > Options).
Print
Prints the current view. You can select whether you

want the print preview to be Fit to Page or Scaled:
Fit to PageThe view will be zoomed in or out

so that the current view fits to a single page of
the default page size.
ScaledThe view will be scaled so that it

matches the user-defined drawing scale (this is
defined on the Drawing Tab of the Options
dialog: Tools > Options).
Project Properties
Opens the Project Properties dialog box, allowing

you to specify project-level settings.
Recent Files
When the Recent Files Visible option is selected in

the Options dialog box, the most recently opened
files will appear in the File menu. See Options
Dialog Box - Global Tab on page 4-147 for more
information.
Exit
Closes the program.
Edit Menu
The Edit menu contains the following commands:
Undo
Cancels the last data input action on the currently

active dialog box. Clicking Undo again cancels
the second-to-last data input action, and so on.
Redo
Cancels the last undo command.
Delete
Deletes the currently highlighted element.
2-15
Menus
Select By Polygon
2-16
Lets you select elements in your model by

drawing a polygon in the drawing pane. Click in
the drawing pane to draw each side of the
polygon. After the polygon has been drawn, rightclick to select from the following options:
As Selected - All elements contained within

the polygon will be selected. Elements that
were selected before the Select By Polygon
opperation will be de-selected.
Add to Selection - All elements contained

within the polygon will be selected in addition
to any elements that were selected before the
Select By Polygon operation were performed.
Invert Selection - All elements contained

within the polygon that were selected before
the operation will be de-selected; all elements
contained within the polygon that were not
selected before the operation will be selected
Remove From Selection - All elements

contained within the polygon that were
selected before the operation will be deselected.
Select All
Selects all of the elements in the network.
Invert Selection
Selects all currently unselected elements and

deselects all currently selected ones.
Select by Element
Opens a submenu listing all available element

types. Select one of the element types from the
submenu to select all elements of that type in the
model.
Select by Attribute
Opens a menu listing all available attribute types.

Select one of the attribute types from the menu
and the Query Builder dialog box opens.
Clear Selection
Deselects the currently selected element(s).
Clear Highlight
Removes Network Navigator highlighting for all

elements.
Find Element
Lets you find a specific element by entering the

elements label.
Analysis Menu
The Analysis menu contains the following commands:
Scenarios
Opens the Scenario Manager, which lets you

create, view, and manage project scenarios.
Alternatives
Opens the Alternative Manager, which lets you

create, view, and manage alternatives.
Calculation Options
Opens the Calculation Options Manager, which

lets you create, view, and manage calculation
settings for the project.
Totalizing Flow
Meters
Opens the Totalizing Flow Meters manager where

you can create new meters.
System Head Curves
Opens the System Head Curves manager.
EPS Results Browser
Opens the EPS Results Browser dialog box, which

lets you manipulate the currently displayed time
step and to animate the drawing pane.
Calculation Summary
Opens the calculation summary report, which

reports the details of the calculations performed
on your model.
User Notifications
Opens the User Notifications Manager, allowing

you to view warnings and errors uncovered by the
validation process.
Validate
Runs a diagnostic check on the network data to

alert you to possible problems that may be
encountered during calculation. This is the manual
validation command, and it checks for input data
errors. It differs in this respect from the automatic
validation that SewerCAD V8i runs when the
compute command is initiated, which checks for
network connectivity errors as well as many other
things beyond what the manual validation checks.
Pressing CTRL+F7 also selects this command.
2-17
Menus
Compute
Calculates the network. Before calculating, an

automatic validation routine is triggered, which
checks the model for network connectivity errors
and performs other validation. For more
information, see Calculating Your Model on
page 8-433. Pressing F9 also selects this
command.
Components Menu
The Components menu contains the following commands:
2-18
Default Design
Constraints
Opens the Default Design Constraints dialog,

whiach allows you to specify constraints for pipes,
nodes, and inlets to be used during an automatic
design and while checking constraints for an
analysis calculation.
Controls
Opens the Controls manager where you can set

controls, conditions, actions, and logical control
sets.
Conduit Catalog
Opens the Conduit Catalog dialog box, which lets

you create, edit, and view catalog conduits.
Catalog conduits are an efficient way to reuse
common physical conduit definitions.
Flow Headloss Curves
Opens the Flow-Headloss Curves dialog.
Minor Loss
Coefficients
Opens the Minor Loss Coefficients Manager

dialog.
Unit Sanitary (Dry

Weather) Loads
Opens the Unit Sanitary (Dry Weather) Loads

dialog box, which lets you create, edit, and delete
unit sanitary loads. For more information, see
Adding Unit Sanitary (Dry Weather) Loads on
page 7-372.
Patterns
Opens the Pattern Manager where you can create

and edit diurnal loading patterns for use with
extended period simulations. For more
information, see Defining Patterns on page 7364.
Pattern Setups
Opens the Pattern Setup Manager where you can

associate diurnal patterns with the appropriate unit
sanitary loads for a given scenario. For more
information, see Defining Pattern Setups on
page 7-367.
Extreme Flows
Opens the Extreme Flows dialog.
Extreme Flow Setups
Opens the Extreme Flow Setups dialog.
Pump Definitions
Opens the Pump Definitions dialog box, which

lets you view, edit, and create pump curve
definitions. For more information, see Pump
Curve Definitions Dialog Box on page 6-235.
Time Series Field

Data
Opens the Time Series Field Data dialog.
Engineering Libraries
Opens the Engineering Libraries Manager.
View Menu
The View menu contains the following commands:
Element Symbology
Opens the Element Symbology Manager, which

lets you create, view, and manage annotation and
color-coding in your project.
Background Layers
Opens the Background Layers Manager, which

lets you create, view, and manage the background
layers associated with the project.
Network Navigator
Opens the Network Navigator.
Selection Sets
Opens the Selection Sets Manager, which lets you

create, view, and manage selection sets associated
with the project.
Queries
Opens the Query Manager, which lets you create

SQL expressions for use with selection sets and
FlexTables. For more information, see ADD
LINK
2-19
Menus
2-20
Prototypes
Opens the Prototypes Manager, which lets you

enter default values for elements in your model.
Prototypes can reduce data entry requirements
dramatically if a group of network elements share
common data. For more information, see ADD
LINK
FlexTables
Opens the FlexTables Manager, which lets you

create, view, and manage the tabular reports for
the project.
Graphs
Opens the Graph Manager, which lets you create,

view, and manage graphs for the project.
Profiles
Opens the Profile Manager, which lets you create,

view, and manage the profiles for the project.
Contours
Opens the Contours manager where you can create

and edit contour definitions.
Named Views
Opens the Named Views manager where you can

create, edit, and use Named Views.
Aerial View
Opens the Aerial View navigation window.
Properties
Turns the Properties Editor display on or off.
Customizations
Opens the Customization Manager dialog.
Auto-Refresh
Turns automatic updates to the main window view

on or off whenever changes are made to the
Bentley SewerCAD V8i datastore. When selected,
a check mark appears next to this menu command,
indicating that automatic updates are turned on.
Refresh Drawing
Updates the main window view according to the

latest information contained in the Bentley
SewerCAD V8i datastore.
Zoom

commands:
Zoom ExtentsSets the view so that the

entire network is visible in the drawing pane.
Zoom WindowActivates the manual zoom

tool, which lets you specify a portion of the
drawing to enlarge.
Zoom InEnlarges the size of the model in

the drawing pane.
Zoom OutReduces the size of the model in

the drawing pane.
Zoom RealtimeEnables the realtime zoom

tool, which lets you zoom in and out by
moving the mouse while holding down the left
mouse button.
Zoom CenterOpens the Zoom Center

dialog box, which lets you enter drawing coordinates that will be centered in the drawing
pane.
Zoom to SelectionZooms to the element(s)

that are currently selected in the drawing
pane.
Zoom PreviousResets the zoom level to

the last setting.
Zoom NextResets the zoom level to the

setting that was active before a Zoom
Previous command was executed.
Pan
Activates the Pan tool, which lets you move the

model within the drawing pane. When you select
this command, the cursor changes to a hand,
indicating that you can click and hold the left
mouse button and move the mouse to move the
drawing.
Toolbars
Opens a submenu that lists each of the available

toolbars. Select one of the toolbars in the submenu
to turn that toolbar on or off. For more
information, see Toolbars on page 2-25.
Reset Workspace
Resets the Bentley SewerCAD V8i workspace so

that the dockable managers appear in their default
factory-set positions.
2-21
Menus
Tools Menu
The Tools menu contains the following commands:
2-22
Active Topology
Selection
Opens a Select dialog to select elements in the

drawing to make them Inactive or Active.
ModelBuilder
Opens the ModelBuilder Connections Manager, which

lets you create, edit, and manage ModelBuilder
connections to be used in the model-building/modelsynchronizing process. For more information, see
ModelBuilder Connections Manager on page 5-175.
TRex
Opens the TRex node elevation assignment tool.
LoadBuilder
Opens the LoadBuilder manager where you can assign

demands to model nodes using data from outside
sources.
Thiessen Polygon
Opens the Wizard used to create Thiessen polygons

for use with LoadBuilder.
Inflow Control Center
Opens the Inflow Control Center, allowing you to

create, edit, and delete sanitary inflow definitions.
Element Property
Inferencing
Opes the Element Property Inferencing dialog.
Hyperlinks
Lets you associate external files, such as pictures or

movie files, with elements. For more information, see
Adding Hyperlinks to Elements on page 6-326.
User Data Extensions
User Data ExtensionsOpens the User Data

Extension dialog box, which lets you add and define
custom data fields. For example, you can add new
fields such as the pipe installation date. For more
information, see User Data Extensions on page 6337.
Sanitary Load Control

Center
Opens the Sanitary Load Control Center, allowing you

to create, edit, and delete sanitary load definitions.
Database Utilities

commands:
Compact DatabaseWhen you delete data from

a Bentley SewerCAD V8i project, such as
elements or alternatives, the database store that
Bentley SewerCAD V8i uses can become fragmented, causing unnecessarily large data files,
which impact performance substantially.
Compacting the database eliminates the empty
data records, thereby defragmenting the datastore
and improving the performance of the file.
Note:
Every tenth time a file is saved,

Bentley SewerCAD V8i will
automatically prompt you to
compact the database. If you open
a file without saving it, the count
does not go up. If you open and
save a file multiple times in the
same session, the count only goes
up on the first save. If you open,
save, and close the file, the count
goes up. Click Yes to compact the
database, or no to close the prompt
dialog box without compacting.
Since compacting the database can
take time, especially for larger
models, you may want to postpone
the compact procedure until a later
time. You can modify how Bentley
SewerCAD V8i compacts the
database in the Options dialog box.
Synchronize DrawingSynchronizes the current

model drawing with the project database.
Update Database cacheUpdates the current

model to reflect any changes made in the database.
Update Results from Project DirectoryThis

command copies the model result files (if any) from the
project directory (the directory where the project .mdb
file is saved) to the custom result file directory. The
custom result directory is specified in
Tools>Options>Project tab. This allows you to make a
copy of the results that may exist in the model's save
directory and replace the current results being worked
on with them.
Copy Results to Project DirectoryThis

command copies the result files that are currently being
used by the model to the project directory (where the
project .mdb is stored).
Batch Update Conduit DescriptionsUpdates

the Conduit Description field to reflect any changes
made to the underlying attributes.
2-23
Menus
Layout
Opens a submenu that lists each of the available

element types. Select one of the element types in the
submenu to place that element in your model.
External Tools
Run an existing external tool or create a new one by

opening up the External Tools manager.
Options
Opens the Options dialog box, which lets you change

global settings such as display pane settings, drawing
scale, units, display precision and format used, and
element labeling.
Report Menu
The Report menu contains the following commands:
Element Tables
Opens a submenu that lets you display FlexTables

for any link or node element. These predefined
FlexTables contain most of the input data and
results for each instance of the selected element in
the model.
Element Details
Allows you to select one or more elements from

the drawing view. A report is generated containing
the details of the selected element(s).
Scenario Summary
Opens the Scenario Summary Report.
Project Inventory
Opens the Project Inventory Report, which

contains the number of each of the various
element types that are in the network.
Conduit and Pressure

Pipe Inventory
Opens the Conduit and Pressure Pipe Inventory

report.
Report Options
Opens the Report Options box where you can set

Headers and Footers for the predefined reports.
Help Menu
The Help menu contains the following commands:
2-24
Bentley SewerCAD V8i

Help
Opens the online help Table of Contents.
Quick Start Lessons
Opens the online help to the Quick Start Lessons

Overview topic.
Welcome Dialog
Opens the Welcome dialog box.
Check for Updates
Opens your Web browser to the our Web site,

allowing you to check for Bentley SewerCAD V8i
updates.
Bentley Institute
Training
Opens your browser to the Bentley Institute

Training web site.
Bentley Professional
Services
Opens your browser to the Bentley Professional

Services web site.
Online Support
Opens your browser to SELECTservices area of

the Bentley web site.
Discussion Groups
Opens your browser to Bentleys Haestad

Discussion Groups.
Bentley.com
Opens the home page on the Bentley web site.
About Bentley
SewerCAD V8i
Opens the About Bentley SewerCAD V8i dialog

box, which displays copyright information about
the product, registration information, and the
current version number of this release.
Toolbars
Toolbars provide access to frequently used menu commands and are organized by the
type of functionality offered. Many of the toolbars have additional buttons available
that are not displayed by default. You can display these additional buttons by
following the procedure in Adding and Removing Toolbar Buttons on page 2-36.
The following toolbars are available:
Layout Toolbar on page 2-27
Standard Toolbar on page 2-28
Edit Toolbar on page 2-30
View Toolbar on page 2-30
2-25
Toolbars
2-26
Scenarios Toolbar on page 2-32
Analysis Toolbar on page 2-32
Compute Toolbar on page 2-33
Tools Toolbar on page 2-33
Help Toolbar on page 2-34
Zoom Toolbar on page 2-34
Layout Toolbar
You use the Layout toolbar to lay out your model in the drawing pane. The Layout
toolbar contains the following buttons:
Select
Layout
Manhole
Transition
Wet Well
Changes your mouse cursor into a selection

tool. The selection tool behavior varies
depending on the direction in which the mouse
is dragged after defining the first corner of the
selection box, as follows:
If the selection is made from left-to-right, all
elements that fall completely within the
selection box that is defined will be selected.
If the selection is made from right-to-left, all
elements that fall completely within the
selection box and that cross one or more of the
lines of the selection box will be selected.
Changes your mouse cursor into a network
layout tool. Right-click to change the type of
element and the type of link.
Pressure PipeLets you place an

element through which water moves under
pressure. Pressure pipes typically
discharge from a pumping station located
upstream in the sewer collection system.
ConduitLets you place a closed section

element through which water moves. A
conduit has a constant roughness and
cross section shape along its entire length.
Available conduit shapes consist of both
open and closed cross sections.
Changes your mouse cursor into a manhole

element symbol. Clicking the left mouse button
while this tool is active causes a manhole
element to be placed at the location of the
mouse cursor.
Changes your mouse cursor into a transition
mouse cursor.
Changes your mouse cursor into a wet well
while this tool is active causes a wet well
mouse cursor.
2-27
Toolbars
Outfall
Pressure
Junction
Pump
Variable Speed
Pump Battery
Air Valve
Border
Text
Line
Changes your mouse cursor into an outfall

while this tool is active causes an outfall
mouse cursor.
Changes your mouse cursor into a pressure
junction element symbol. Clicking the left
mouse button while this tool is active causes a
manhole element to be placed at the location of
the mouse cursor.
Changes your mouse cursor into a pump
while this tool is active causes a pump element
to be placed at the location of the mouse cursor.
Changes your mouse cursor into a variable
speed pump battery element symbol. Clicking
the left mouse button while this tool is active
causes a manhole element to be placed at the
location of the mouse cursor.
Changes your mouse cursor into an air valve
mouse cursor.
Changes your mouse cursor into a border
symbol. When the border tool is active, you can
draw a simple box in the drawing pane using
the mouse. For example, you might want to
draw a border around the entire model.
Changes your mouse cursor into a text symbol.
When the text tool is active, you can add
simple text to your model. Click anywhere in
the drawing pane to display the Text Editor
dialog box, which lets you enter text to be
displayed in your model.
Changes your mouse cursor into a line symbol.
When this tool is active, you can draw lines and
polygons in your model using the mouse.
Standard Toolbar
The Standard toolbar contains the following buttons:
2-28
New
Creates a new Bentley SewerCAD V8i project.

When you select this command, the Select File to
Create dialog box appears, allowing you to
define a name and directory location for the new
project.
Open
Opens an existing Bentley SewerCAD V8i

project. When this command is initialized, the
Select Bentley SewerCAD V8i Project to Open
dialog box appears, allowing you to browse to the
project to be opened.
Save
Saves the current project.
Print Preview
Opens the Print Preview window, displaying the

current view exactly as it will be printed.
Print
Prints the current view of the network as

displayed in the drawing pane.
2-29
Toolbars
Edit Toolbar
The Edit toolbar contains the following buttons:
Undo
Cancels your most recent action.
Redo
Lets you redo the last cancelled action.
Find Element
Lets you find a specific element by choosing it

from a menu containing all elements in the
current model.
View Toolbar
The View toolbar contains the following buttons, which give you easy access to many
of the managers in Bentley SewerCAD V8i.:
2-30
Element
Symbology
Opens the Element Symbology manager,

allowing you to create, view, and manage the
element symbol settings for the project.
Background
Layers
Opens the Background Layers manager,

allowing you to create, view, and manage the
background layers associated with the project.
Network
Navigator
Opens the Network Navigator dialog box.
Selection Sets
Opens the Selection Sets Manager, allowing you

to create, view, and modify the selection sets
associated with the project.
Queries
Opens and closes the Query Manager.
FlexTables
Opens the FlexTables manager, allowing you to

create, view, and manage the tabular reports for
the project.

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Chapter

Loading on page 7-297

Learn how to use Bentley SewerCAD V8i data loading features to

Introducing the Workspace on page 2-9

Calculating Your Model on page 8-369

Learn about the Bentley SewerCAD V8i workspace, including menus,

Learn how to create and manage "what-if" scenarios.

Quick Start Lessons on page 3-51

Using Scenarios and Alternatives on page 9-397

Perform these tutorials to learn the basics of using Bentley SewerCAD

Learn how to define calculation options, calculate your model, and

Starting a Project on page 4-109

Presenting Your Results on page 10-453

Learn how to present results in graphs, profile s and reports.

Using Modelbuilder on page 5-135

Working in AutoCAD Mode on page 12-607

Learn how to use ModelBuilder in ArcGIS mode or the Stand-Alone

Learn how to use Bentley SewerCAD V8i in AutoCAD mode.

Creating Your Model on page 6-169

Theory on page 13-619

Learn about the theory behind Bentley SewerCAD V8i.

Bentley SewerCAD V8i Users Guide

Bentley SewerCAD V8i Users Guide

Chapter 1: Welcome to Bentley SewerCAD V8i

Chapter 2: Introducing the Workspace9

Bentley SewerCAD V8 XM Edition Users Guide

Chapter 3: Quick Start Lessons51

Bentley SewerCAD V8 XM Edition Users Guide

Part 4 - Create a Profile3-95

Chapter 4: Starting a Project109

Chapter 5: Using Modelbuilder135

Bentley SewerCAD V8 XM Edition Users Guide

Step 3Specify Field Mappings for each Table/Feature Class5-144

Chapter 6: Creating Your Model169

SECTIONS RESULTS DIALOG BOX6-175

Bentley SewerCAD V8 XM Edition Users Guide

Modeling Curved Pipes6-194

Bentley SewerCAD V8 XM Edition Users Guide

Converting Legacy Engineering Library Files6-245

Bentley SewerCAD V8 XM Edition Users Guide

Composite Hydrograph Data Table Window7-318

Chapter 8: Calculating Your Model369

Bentley SewerCAD V8 XM Edition Users Guide

Pressure Summary Tab8-391

Chapter 9: Using Scenarios and Alternatives397

Bentley SewerCAD V8 XM Edition Users Guide

Active Topology Alternative9-421

Chapter 10: Presenting Your Results453

Bentley SewerCAD V8 XM Edition Users Guide

Shapefile Properties Dialog Box10-460

Bentley SewerCAD V8 XM Edition Users Guide

CUSTOM SORT DIALOG BOX10-501

Chart Options Dialog Box10-520

Bentley SewerCAD V8 XM Edition Users Guide

Color Dialog Box10-561

Chapter 11: Features of the MicroStation Version

Bentley SewerCAD V8 XM Edition Users Guide

Chapter 12: Working in AutoCAD Mode607

Bentley SewerCAD V8 XM Edition Users Guide

Chapter 13: Theory619

Bentley SewerCAD V8 XM Edition Users Guide

Bentley SewerCAD V8 XM Edition Users Guide

Hydrologic and Hydraulic Time Steps13-676

Appendix 14: References703