Operative Presence and Workflow Management

Using RFID and Sensor Based Modules

M.Kayalvizhi, G.Vallathan, A.Vinoth Kannan,
Department of ECE,
IFET College of Engineering,
kayalmanimohana@gmail.com, gvallathan@gmail.com, vinothkannana7@gmail.com

Abstract-- Radio frequency identification is the paramount

exhilarating technologies that revolutionize the working
practices by increasing efficiency. It is habitually presented
as replacement for barcode system, and the technology has
much greater potential such as individual serial numbers for
each item and these numbers are examine at some distance.
RFID is a technology being adopted in security, business and
medical applications. Our key objective is to develop a
security based system on RFID technology in business
environments and this system uses smart card to record in
and out time of the employees. It also includes the biometric
sensor based module to catalogue the operative presence
automatically. RFID tags that are stacked to the employee
ID, and other assets which is to be defended, converse the
data to the system through RFID reader. The central system
recognizes and matches data with the database. Under the
mismatched condition, the system alerts such that the assets
are retained in a highly secure manner. The entire
management of the organization is provided within single
website with multiple databases where all the necessary
services are incorporated.
Keywords-- RFID reader, Smart Card, Biometric module.

I.
INTRODUCTION
RFID is an embryonic technology that has been
utilized in numerous applications such as travelling,
agriculture, retail services, smart plates, edible RFID
tags, navigation system for visually impaired, waste
disposal and defense. RFID is loftier to other tracking
applications such as barcode, magnetic stripe and
biometrics in terms of human-interface, contact
distance and data security. It is an astounding structure
that embraces of tag (transponder), antenna and the
reader (interrogator) arrangements. The frequency
ranges of the RFID technology varies from LF, HF, and
UHF to VHF and also the readers can be handheld,
fixed or integrated as per our requirement and the
application. The general process of the RFID
technology is described as below. The RFID tag
uninterruptedly spreads the RF signals through the
inbuilt or other antennas that are associated externally
and directs information to one or more tags by
modulating an RF carrier using double-sideband
amplitude shift keying (DSB-ASK), single-sideband
amplitude shift keying (SSB- ASK), or phase-reversal

amplitude shift keying (PR-ASK) using a pulse-interval

encoding (PIE) format. Tags collect their operating
energy from this same modulated RF carrier. RFID
Reader accepts information from a tag by conveying an
unmodulated RF carrier and snooping for a
backscattered reply. Tags converse information by
backscatter modulating the amplitude and/or phase of
the RF carrier. The encoding layout, nominated in retort
to Interrogator commands, is either FM0 or Miller
modulated subcarrier. The software requisite for the
incorporation of the RFID system is inscribed in Java,
not VBScript or another ASP-specific language, so it is
more authoritative and better matched to complex
applications that require reusable components. Also,
JSP is portable to other operating systems and Web
servers that arent locked into Windows. Java Script is
Netscapes cross-platform, object-oriented scripting
language. Core Java Script contains a core set of
objects, such as Array, Date and Math and a core set of
language elements such as operators, control structures,
and statements. It can be extended for a variety of
purposes by supplementing it with additional objects.
The proposed framework is outlined as below:
Section II provides the surveys of different employee
management techniques. Section III describes the
proposed module and the components used. Section IV
explains the hardware and the software architecture of
the proposed system. Then, Section V conveys the
experimental results and depicts the accuracy of the
system. Finally the section VI encloses the advantages
and the future work of the technique.
II.
LITERATURE SURVEY
Time, attendance and management of
employee and their assets systems are the great
challenges of enterprises in todays environment
because of manual constrictions. The enactment of
Attendance and Employee Management Systems has
reasonable advantages over the enterprise. Several
authors have conversed different sorts of instinctive
attendance and employee management systems; each
system is appropriate to diverse substantial needs and
requirements [9]. Some of the most acquainted varieties

embrace biometric sensor based attendance system,

magnetic stripe attendance system, barcode attendance
system, and RFID attendance system. Daniel M.Dobkin
et al (2010), proposed a Barcode Attendance System
[1]. In that, each member in the organization have a card
in which the barcode is embodied. This is used to check
in and out time of the employees, the card is dickered
on the time clock, and the data is snatched by the clock.
This facts from the clock can be retrieved by the higher
authorities and then utilized for updating and managing
the records of time, attendance of the employee. The
drawback in the system is that there is no authenticity
in the system. Anyone can swap other employees card
such that there is no identity. Julia Case et al (2011),
proposed a Magnetic Stripe Attendance System [2]. In
that system, data is encrypted in the magnetic stripe of
the operative post card. When the card, is filched
through the operative time clock, the material in the
cards magnetic stripe is noted by the time clock. The
shortcoming of the technique is that there is an enduring
overhead concomitant with the damage, misplacement
and larceny of magnetic cards and the unremitting
prerequisite for their renovation and preservation.
Carlos. C. Murphy (2011), proposed a Biometric
Attendance System [3]. In this, it signifies the
measurable biological characteristics where computer
utilizes any of these biometric ID systems to regulate
the employees, and enrolling their identity beforehand.
The difficulty in this technique is that, it always needs
human contact to record the presence and also it
maximizes the delay. Under slight mismatched
condition, it needs frequent iteration. Mary Catherine
O'Connor et al (2013) proposed a Radio Frequency
Identification (RFID) based Attendance system [4]. In
this system, RFID is incorporated in the employee ID
card. When the employee is crossing the gate, the
presence is automatically recorded by the RFID reader
affixed at the entrance. Without the need for human
interaction, the system is automated. Yet the difficulty
in the system is costlier than all the above mentioned
techniques. Syamsuddin et al (2015) proposed a RFID
based Assets Tracking System [5]. In this system, the
attendance of the employee along with the assets also
are tracked which maximizes the security of the
enterprises. Saumya Sharma et al (2015), proposed a
RFID based Employee Management System [6]. In that
system, RFID is used for bot attendance and the assets
tracking. The shortcoming of the paper is that it doesnt
embrace other supporting services that aids the
workflow of the enterprise. The proposed model
comprises upholding the attendance of the employee,
handling the assets, other supporting services for the
workflow of the organization are incorporated to reduce
the cost of supervision, maximize the effectiveness and
reduce the delay.

III.

PROPOSED SYSTEM
The proposed framework includes
biometric module and RFID module that comforts to
manage the whole workplace without the prerequisite
of other hardware and software trappings. The
generalized block diagram of proposed model is
illustrated in fig.1

RFID
SENSOR

PC

ALERT
SYSTEM

BIOMETRIC
SENSOR
Fig 1. Block Diagram of Proposed System

a) RFID Sensor:
RFID scheme consists of an antenna and a
interrogator, that declaim the radio frequency and
relocate the facts to a processing device, and a
transponder, or tag, which is an integrated circuit
encompassing the RF electrical structure and data to be
transferred. Information collected from the tags is then
propagated via a communication interface to a host
computer system, where the data can be stored in a
database for later analysis.
b) Biometric Module:
Biometrics
is meant for the validation
procedures that bank on the persons own identity and
their bodily physiognomies that can be inevitably
patterned. The processor customs any of the fingerprint
credentials structures for security to regulate who the
concerned person is, and based on uniqueness [12]
records the attendance. In this system, time and
attendance software that is harmonized with a time
clock for personnel which habits biometric expertise for
endorsement tenacities.
c) PC:
The Personal Computer is used to store the
database of the employees and to execute bidirectional
communication between reader and server system. The
communication infrastructure used is a serial LAN
cable. This module is integrated into the PC together
work to monitor the workplace. The database and the
visual basics systems are programmed using asp.net
programming language. The computer is integrated
with the alert system, which harvests output under
mismatched conditions.

d) Alert System:
The RFID sensor archives the employee ID
and the assets. Any operative when seized other
employee assets, the information passages to the
database and relates the result. Under mismatched
condition, it bounces output to the alert system.
IV.
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
The system architecture of an RFID system labels
the hardware and software organization of the
industrialized prototype. The hardware scheme entails
of RFID module (transponder, antenna and
interrogator) and the biometric module. Software
scheme utterly prepared over java indoctrination. The
system architecture can be elucidated with two diverse
facsimiles such as:
a) Hardware Architecture
b) Software Architecture
a) Hardware Architecture
To gratify the system desires, the Electronic
Product Code (EPC) Gen2 passive RFID tag and Ultra
High Frequency (UHF) reader will be selected.
Different parameters are analyzed such as Read
distance up to 3m, multiple tag reading capacity, four
port Fixed Reader Configuration are deliberated. The
frequency is cautiously chosen such that emanates
under the free spectrum certified by FCC and ETSI. The
regulatory compliance of the reader is within control.
The wireless entree socket that families the processor
with the database server will also nominated. Multiple
tag readers are further included to permit the method
trail the employee when moving in and out of the
entrance as shown in fig 2.

Fig 2. Hardware Architecture

b) Software Architecture
The software design built upon a statement
driver that knobs all announcement purposes made in

the server side, an Application Programming Interface

(API) that holds and scrutinizes the records, an
approachable GUI (Graphical User Interface) and a
databank that accumulates all the evidence. This
project furthermore contracts through the subjects
(steadfast data transmission) of multi node atmosphere
to sort certain consistent data handover between server
and reader node. Finally this paper will enables the
operators in plentiful
ways
similar to
time
convertible
in
attendance procedure, security,
employees attendance and assets management. The
working module of the proposed RFID framework is
illustrated below.

Developed a software this will act as a

middleware between server and the reader.
Developed the connection between server and
the reader.
Read the data onto the tags.
Extracted data from tags, decode that data
and make it usable for further processing.
Developed a graphical user interface (GUI)
which will display the details of a person or
employee.
Stored the data in database and create various
input/output log files.

V.
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
Each employees information, including their
trade and zip code, will be placed in a data base that is
linked to their identification number. This new RFID
technology will be able to track all employees by their
given identification number, thus providing the
resources to obtain an accurate assessment of the
amount of employees with the local residential zip
code. This framework records all safety and security
violations, which is significant for record keeping and
the production of leading indicators for safety and
building protocols. The experimental results of this
project is shown in Fig 3. RFID tracking technology
applied on construction assets creates a more
systematic, automated, and intelligent job site and
results in benefits to both the project team and other
industries. The developed hardware system and data
mining algorithms are able to detect personnel and
assets as far as three to five meters away from the reader
antenna, which is unlike the current,
conventional
manual
access control. With this kind of range,
workers will no longer have to swipe a badge at each
sensor as they will be able to simply pass through check
points and portals.

Fig 3. Database of the identified tags

which could potentially be a negative impact on the

projects cost and schedule.

Fig 4. Implemented abode of reader and antenna

Long range readers reduce the numbers of readers

need to be installed on congested sites. As
the
employee
crosses, automatically the data are
recorded as shown in Fig.3. The environment where
the reader is implemented is shown in Fig 4, which
comprises of reader and antenna system. Since this is
a state of the art facility being constructed, there is a
secret lies in every assets about the industry, the
security system is to be installed. The new RFID
system allows for all assets and equipment to be
securely tracked and located at all times. This system
prevents the equipment from being lost or missing,

VI.
CONCLUSION
The Employee Management System will maintain the
records of the employees in the database with the
unique RFID tag. The present system of management
is time overwhelming and higher possibility for
miscalculation. It is likewise problematic to cope with
the outsized paper track intricate in this practice. The
proposed Employee Management System will consent
the higher authoritative staff to admit the relevant
information professionally and successfully. All of
these sub-systems (leave request, virtual request, food
request, car request, and permission on-duty request)
requisite to be designed and implemented to succeed
meritoriously. The procedure of evolving the
functionality for retrieving or apprising operative
chronicles tenuously by administrative authorities
using mobile devices like PDA or Mobile phone. The
system can also be designed to send automated emails
reminding the officials of their appointments schedule.
The proposed framework also be designed to send
automated emails reminding the officials of their
appointments schedule. The proposed framework also
provides the ability to measure the employee in and
out time, with this information an enterprise manage

the employee pointedly and the workflow is managed

smoothly with minimized time and maximized
efficiency.
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