SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN OF THE POLITEHNICA UNIVERSITY OF TIMISOARA, ROMANIA Transactions on MECHANICS BULETINUL TIINIFIC AL UNIVERSITAII POLITEHNICA DIN TIMIOARA,

ROMANIA SERIA MECANICA Tom 53 (67) ISSN 1224 - 6077 Fasc. S1, MTM 2008

THE DIAMETRAL CLEARANCE REPARTITION IN SINGLE ROW BALL BEARINGS WITH 2, 3 OR 4 POINT CONTACT
D. REZMIRES
S.C. Sirca S.A Piatra Neamt, Phone: 0740 204.380; E-mail: drezmir@yahoo.com

C.R. RACOCEA, C.C. RACOCEA

Technical University Gh. Asachi - Iasi Bd. D. Mangeron, Nr.63; Phone and Fax Number: 0232 233.390, E-mail:cracocea@netscape.net Abstract: The diametric clearance or play produces an axial endplay that may or not may be tolerable to the bearing users. This parameter affects not only the contact angle and endplay but also stress, deflections, load distributions, fatigue life and also the dynamic performance. The paper presents a diametrical play repartition algorithm i.e. to satisfy the small stress contact angle definition. Keywords: Small stress contact angle, Diametrical clearance, 2, 3 or 4 Point Contact Ball Bearings 1. Introduction. For a 2 point contact ball bearing the ball equilibrium is attainted when the SSCAidx are equals. For deep grove ball bearings, Harris [1], suppose an equal distribution (JD/4) to the diametrical clearance at the ball raceways level. Tacking into account the two ways to obtain the SSCA, results that Jd/4 repartition is obtainable only if the inner and outer raceways conformities are equals. Practically, many cases exist when the inner and outer raceways conformities are not equals, and the Harris assumption is not valid. In these conditions a new approach is necessary to take into account. The new proposed algorithm solves also the 3 and 4 point contact ball bearings diametrical clearance repartition problems. 2. Unitarry solution for 2, 3 and 4 point ball bearings (single row ball bearings). To obtain the diametrical clearance repartition in deep grove ball bearings and the inner and (or) outer ring arched bearings it is necessary to solve the following equation:

A ball bearing may have 2, 3 or 4 raceways according to the point contact number which can occur between a ball and the bearing raceways. We note idx=1...4, the raceway index and U0idx the value of the angle measured between the idx line which joins the curvature center of the idx raceway and pass by the ball center and a line which passes by the ball center and is perpendicular to the bearing symmetry axis. We note (Jd) the ball bearing internal clearance and assume a no mass to the ball. Applying a very low external axial force i.e. to annualize the bearing axial clearance the U0idx angle becomes U named Small Stress Contact Angle (SSCA). Geometrically SSCA can be obtained in two different ways as follows: Displacing the mobile ring(s) and the ball to the fixed ring(s) just like to obtain two point contacts. Keeping the ball in its nominal position and translate the two raceways (3 or 4 raceways for the sectioned row bearings).

f ( x) = cos (Ui ( x ) ) cos (Ue ( x ) ) =0

(1)

where 0<x<1 Ui(x), Ue(x) represents the contact angle = SSCA

sin(ui ) Ui( x) = a cos Loi.sin(ui) sin a tan Loi.cos(ui) x. Jd 2 .cos(ui )

90

 sin(ue) Ue( x) = a cos Loe.sin(ue) sin a tan Loe.cos(ue) (1 x). Jd 2

.cos(ue)

. Loi=Dw.(fi-0.5) Loe=Dw.(fe-0.5) fi and fo are the inner and outer raceway conformities ui=U01=U02 0 if shim angle exist or ui=0 in deep grove ball bearings ue=U03=U04 0 if shim angle exist or ue=0 in deep grove ball bearings Solving Eq.1, results SSCA = Ui(x) = Ue(x). In the particular case of deep grove ball bearings results

fi 0,5 x= fi + fo 1

(2)

Fig.A1.1. Deep grove ball bearing SSCA results by displacinng the inner and outer rings, x=0,5 T2. Ball bearings with different conformities

If the two conformities are equal (fi=fo) then x=0.5 and the diametrical clearance repartition correspond to the Harris solution. In this case the diametrical clearance repartition becomes x.Jd/2=(1-x).Jd/2 = Jd/4. Keeping the ball in this nominal position the axial displacement of the inner and outer rings are: Daxi=Loi.[sin(Ui(x)-sin(ui)] Daxe=Loe.[sin(Ue(x)-sin(ue)] The axial clearance is: Dax=Daxi+Daxe 2. Numerical examples.

To show the algorithm eficiency some graphical cases are presentet for different ball bearings type. T1. Deep grove ball bearings Fig.B1.0. Ball bearing initial zone geometry, fo<fi

Fig. A1.0. Deep grove ball bearing initial geometry 91

Fig.B1.1. Ball bearing SSCA results by displacing the inner and outer ring, x=0,714

Fig.B2.0. Ball bearing initial geometry, fo>fi

Fig.C1.1. Ball bearing SSCA results by displacing the inner and outer ring, x=0.247

Fig.B2.1. Ball bearing SSCA results by displacing the inner and outer ring, x=0,3 T3. Three point contact ball bearings.

Fig.C2.0. Ball bearing with 3 point contact. Initial geometry

Fig.C1.0. Ball bearing with 3 point contact. Initial geometry 92

Fig.C2.1. Ball bearing SSCA results by displacing the inner and outer ring, x=0.352

T4. Four point contact ball bearings

Fig.D1.0. Ball bearing with 4 point contact. Initial geometry

Fig. E.1. Axial clearance as function of diametrical play for an four point contact ball bearing with 30 deg shim angle

Fig.D1.1. Ball bearing SSCA results by displacing the inner and outer ring, x=0.217 The diametrical clearance effect on the axial clearance (Ja) and under the SSCA variation is presented as function of the raceway conformity in figures E1 and E2. 3. Conclusions.

Jr=0.35

An equal repartition of the diametrical clearance at the in ball raceway level is not the best solution because it not respect the FSCA [1]. In these condition the new method must takes into account. The daxidx solutions represents the initial solutions for equilibrium equation and assure the starting point for a ball bearings quasi-static equilibrium.

Fig. E2. SSCA as function of diametrical play for an four point contact ball bearing with 30 deg shim angle

93

References 1. Harris T.A., 1966, Rolling Bearing Analysis, 1rst Ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York.

Rezumat (Repartitia jocului diametral in rulmentii cu bile cu 2, 3 sau 4 puncte de contact ) Jocul diametral produce un joc axial care poate fi acceptabil sau nu pentru utilizatorii de rulmenti. Acest parametru afecteaza unghiul de contact, jocul axial si are efect asupra tensiunilor de contact, a rigiditatii, a distributiei de sarcina si a performantelor dinamice a rulmentilor. Lucrarea prezinta o metoda de calcul a repartitiei jocului astfel incat sa se poata calcula jocul axial in toate tipurile de rulmenti cu bile.

__________________________________________________ Scientific reviewers: Prof.dr.ing. Octavian GLIGOR U.P.T. Prof.dr.ing. Cornel RADULESCU U.P.T.

94